WO2008078668A1 - Procédé d'alimentation en eau d'appoint pour une alimentation en eau de chaudière - Google Patents

Procédé d'alimentation en eau d'appoint pour une alimentation en eau de chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008078668A1
WO2008078668A1 PCT/JP2007/074623 JP2007074623W WO2008078668A1 WO 2008078668 A1 WO2008078668 A1 WO 2008078668A1 JP 2007074623 W JP2007074623 W JP 2007074623W WO 2008078668 A1 WO2008078668 A1 WO 2008078668A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
boiler
makeup
makeup water
steam
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2007/074623
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tsuyoshi Yoneda
Junichi Nakajima
Takanari Kume
Atsuyuki Manabe
Junichi Kato
Yasuo Nogami
Isamu Mekata
Original Assignee
Miura Co., Ltd.
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miura Co., Ltd. filed Critical Miura Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008078668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008078668A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/025—Devices and methods for diminishing corrosion, e.g. by preventing cooling beneath the dew point
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
    • C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
    • C02F2209/055—Hardness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
    • C02F2301/043—Treatment of partial or bypass streams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for supplying make-up water for boiler feed water, in particular, storing the make-up water as boiler feed water in a water storage tank, supplying steam from the water storage tank to the steam boiler, and heating the generated steam.
  • the present invention relates to a method for supplying makeup water for boiler feed water to a storage tank in a steam boiler device used in the equipment.
  • a steam boiler apparatus in which makeup water derived from raw water such as tap water and groundwater is stored in a storage tank as boiler feed water, and the boiler feed water from the storage tank is supplied to the steam boiler.
  • the steam boiler used in the steam boiler apparatus includes a large number of heat transfer tubes for generating steam by heating the boiler water supplied from the boiler feed water. Since this heat transfer tube is made of non-passivated metal such as carbon steel, it is susceptible to corrosion due to the influence of dissolved oxygen contained in boiler feedwater. This corrosion often causes fatal destruction such as perforations in the heat transfer tubes, and this hinders the continued operation of the steam boiler.
  • the heat transfer tube tends to adhere to the hardness contained in the boiler feed water, that is, the scale generated by calcium ion and magnesium ions. This scale lowers the thermal conductivity of the heat transfer tube and hinders smooth heating of boiler water.
  • the steam boiler equipment normally softens the depleted water supplied to the water storage tank and deoxidizes it (for example, reference 1 below) 2)
  • softening of make-up water is achieved by replacing calcium ion and magnesium ion in the make-up water with sodium ion by treating the make-up water with a sodium-type cation exchange resin. It has been implemented.
  • the deoxygenation treatment is performed, for example, by passing makeup water through a gas separation membrane.
  • the raw water used as makeup water is tap water or groundwater as mentioned above, the water quality varies depending on geological factors. For example, the hardness of raw water may be high or low depending on the region, and it is likely to vary within the same region due to seasonal and other factors. For this reason, sodium-type cation exchange resins used for water softening break through in areas where the hardness of the makeup water is high, etc., and remove a portion of the hardness in the makeup water in a relatively short time. It may not be possible.
  • the dissolved oxygen concentration of raw water is affected by temperature, it tends to change constantly in an environment where the temperature of raw water is likely to fluctuate. In general, makeup water tends to increase the concentration of dissolved oxygen when the water temperature decreases, so the gas separation membrane becomes heavily loaded when the temperature of the makeup water decreases, and the dissolved oxygen in the makeup water permeates. It becomes easy.
  • Boiler feed water contains various ionic components. For this reason, steam boilers are more likely to carry over when the boiler water is concentrated as the steam is generated, increasing the electrical conductivity of the boiler water. Carryover is a phenomenon in which boiler water is mixed into the steam supplied from the steam boiler to the load device, which causes the steam quality to deteriorate.
  • An object of the present invention is to effectively suppress corrosion and scale formation in a steam boiler, and to suppress a carry-over over, without adding a chemical to boiler feed water. Disclosure of the invention
  • the present invention relates to a steam boiler apparatus that uses steam generated by storing makeup water as boiler feed water in a water storage tank and supplying the boiler feed water from the water storage tank to the steam boiler for heating in the load device.
  • This is related to a method for supplying makeup water to the storage tank.
  • one resin unit is selected from a resin unit group including at least two resin units having a sodium type cation exchange resin, and replenishing water is obtained by ion exchange of the selected resin unit with a sodium type ion exchange resin.
  • the amount of blow from the cross-flow filtration device is set to a predetermined blow amount.
  • Step B for filtering the makeup water from which hardness has been removed and the makeup water filtered in the cross-flow type filtration device are passed through the deoxygenator at a predetermined flow rate, and dissolved oxygen contained in the makeup water is removed.
  • the process D to supply the makeup water that has passed through the deoxygenation device to the storage tank, and the hardness and electrical conductivity of the makeup water between the processes A and B
  • step E for measuring the water temperature.
  • Step A the hardness of the make-up water is removed in Step A, and then in Step B, one of the nanofiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes is used to remove ionic components. After is removed, dissolved oxygen is removed in Step C. Then, the makeup water treated in this way is supplied to the water storage tank in Step D and stored. In this series of processes, make-up water is measured in Step E between Step A and Step B for hardness, electrical conductivity, and water temperature.
  • the measured hardness exceeds a predetermined value, for example, when there is a hardness leak in the makeup water from the resin unit due to the breakthrough of the sodium-type cation exchange resin, etc. Switch the resin unit to another in the unit group and execute step A. As a result, the subsequent makeup water is stably removed in the process A by the sodium cation exchange resin of another resin unit, and the leakage of hardness in the makeup water is suppressed.
  • the cross-flow filter device when it is predicted that the ion component concentration will increase and it will be difficult to remove the ion component from the makeup water by the nanofiltration membrane or reverse osmosis membrane, set the blow amount from the cross flow type filtration device higher than the predetermined blow amount. Then, process B is executed.
  • the cross-flow filtration device has a reduced concentration on the membrane surface and an increased ability to remove ionic components, and can effectively reduce the electrical conductivity in the makeup water after treatment.
  • the flow rate of the makeup water is made less than the predetermined flow rate in Step C.
  • make-up water has a longer residence time in the deoxygenator, and dissolved oxygen is more reliably removed.
  • make-up water consisting of softened water that has been effectively deoxygenated, effectively removed ion components, and stably removed hardness, is stored in a storage tank as boiler feed water. So you can go to boiler water supply It is possible to effectively suppress corrosion and scale formation in the steam boiler, and to prevent over-running without adding any other chemical.
  • the replenishing water ion-exchanged in step A preferably includes silica.
  • a sodium cation exchange resin of a resin unit other than the resin unit selected for step A is regenerated in the resin unit group. To do. In this way, the resin unit other than the resin unit used for step A can be returned to the state in which the ion exchange capacity of the sodium ion exchange resin is enhanced. When the hardness exceeds a predetermined value, the resin unit for step A can be smoothly switched to another resin unit.
  • the deoxygenation device used in this supply method usually has a type in which the retention time of the make-up water becomes long when the flow rate of the make-up water is reduced, for example, a type in which the make-up water passes through the gas separation membrane.
  • a type in which the make-up water passes through the gas separation membrane One type selected from the group consisting of a type that allows makeup water to pass under a reduced pressure environment and a type that allows makeup water to pass under a heating environment.
  • a steam boiler used in a steam boiler apparatus to which this supply method can be applied includes, for example, a storage section for storing boiler feed water, a plurality of heat transfer tubes for generating steam that stand up from the storage section, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes. It is a once-through boiler provided with a header for collecting steam to be supplied to a load device, and a combustion device for heating the heat transfer tube, provided at the upper end of the heat transfer tube. In this once-through boiler, the heat transfer tube is usually made of non-passivated metal.
  • the steam boiler apparatus to which this supply method can be applied may have a condensate path extending from the load apparatus for recovering the condensate obtained by condensing the steam to the storage tank.
  • This condensate route is usually formed using non-passivated metals.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a steam boiler apparatus that can implement a method for supplying makeup water according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water softening device used in the steam boiler device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-flow filtration device used in the steam boiler device.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a steam boiler used in the steam boiler apparatus. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • a steam boiler device 1 is for supplying steam to a load device 2 which is a steam using facility such as a heat exchanger, a steam kettle, a lipo boiler or an autoclave. Mainly equipped with air boiler 20 and condensate path 30.
  • the water supply device 10 is for supplying boiler feed water to the steam boiler 20, and is used to store boiler water for storing boiler water 40, and for supplying makeup water used as boiler feed water to the storage tank 40. Mainly equipped with replenishment route 50 and control device 70.
  • the water storage tank 40 has a water supply path 41 extending from its bottom to the steam boiler 20.
  • the water supply path 41 communicates with the steam boiler 20, and has a water supply pump 4 2 for sending the boiler feed water stored in the water storage tank 40 to the steam boiler 20.
  • the supply route 50 has a water injection route 51.
  • This irrigation channel 51 is supplied from a raw water tank (not shown) in which raw water supplied from a water source such as tap water, industrial water or groundwater, preferably containing silica, is supplied to the storage tank 40.
  • the pretreatment device 5 2, the water softening device 5 3, the preliminary filtration device 5 4, the cross-flow filtration device 5 5 and the deoxygenation device 5 6 are arranged in this order toward the water storage tank 40. Have.
  • pre-filter unit 5 4 and A hardness sensor 5 7, an electrical conductivity sensor 5 8, and a water temperature sensor 5 9 are arranged between the cross-flow filtration device 5 5.
  • the water injection channel 51 has a flow rate control valve 60 between the cross-flow filtration device 55 and the deoxygenation device 56.
  • the pretreatment device 52 is a filtration device filled with activated carbon capable of adsorbing oxidants such as sodium hypochlorite that may be dissolved in the make-up water from the raw water tank. It is for removing oxidizing agents such as sodium acid.
  • the water softening device 53 includes a resin unit group 61 composed of two resin units, a first resin unit 61a and a second resin unit 61b.
  • the water injection path 51 is branched into two paths, a first path 51a and a second path 51b by the switching valve 62, and the first path 51a
  • the first resin unit 61 is connected to the first resin unit 61
  • the second path 51b is connected to the second resin unit 61b.
  • the first path 5 1 a and the second path 5 1 b are merged and integrated on the downstream side of the resin units 6 1 a and 6 1 b, and are extended to the preliminary filtration device 5 4. Yes.
  • each resin unit 6 1 a and 6 1 b is filled with a sodium type cation exchange resin.
  • Sodium-type cation exchange resin replaces calcium ions and magnesium ions with sodium ions in the makeup water treated in the pretreatment device 52, and converts the makeup water into softened water.
  • the switching valve 62 is a solenoid valve for selecting the water injection path 51 as either the first path 51a or the second path 51b.
  • the first resin unit 61a and the second resin unit 61b are detachable, and the sodium cation exchange resin can be exchanged.
  • Preliminary filtration device 5 4 is used to remove suspended solids and solids such as dust that may be mixed in the makeup water softened by water softening device 53.
  • a filter medium such as a wind filter, a pleated filter, or a mesh filter.
  • the cross-flow type filtration device 5 5 is composed of various dissolved components contained in the makeup water treated in the preliminary filtration device 5 4, that is, various ions such as chloride ions and sulfate ions.
  • pressurization pump 80 and filtration membrane module 8 1 arranged downstream of pressurization pump 80 are used.
  • the filtration membrane module 81 is connected to a treatment liquid path 82, a water inlet path 83, and a concentrated liquid path 84.
  • the filtration membrane module 8 when makeup water from the preliminary filtration device 54 is introduced through the inlet channel 83, the makeup water filtered from the treatment liquid channel 82 flows out, and from the concentrate channel 84. Concentrated makeup water is configured to flow out. Further, the concentrated liquid channel 84 is branched into a drain channel 85 and a reflux channel 86, and the return channel 86 is connected to the inlet channel 83 upstream of the pressurizing pump 80. Drainage channel
  • blow control valve 87 for controlling the drainage amount of makeup water, that is, the blow amount.
  • the filtration membrane module 8 1 includes a filtration membrane element (not shown) for filtering dissolved components contained in the makeup water.
  • the filtration membrane used in this filtration membrane element is a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • a reverse osmosis membrane is formed by using a synthetic polymer such as polyamide, generally called RO (Reverse Osmosis) membrane, and AMS T (A ssociation of M embrance Separation T echnology) standard AMS T-002: “Sodium chloride concentration under the evaluation conditions of sodium chloride concentration of 500 to 2,000 Omg / liter and operating pressure of 0.5 to 3.0 MPa” Removal rate
  • reverse osmosis membranes are commercially available from various companies and can be easily obtained.
  • reverse osmosis membranes are used in various shapes.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane is used in various shapes such as a flat membrane type, a hollow fiber membrane type, a tubular type, and a Nomoris type.
  • the treatment liquid channel 82 extends from the filtration membrane module 81 and is used to supply makeup water filtered in the filtration membrane module 81 to the deoxygenation device 56.
  • the deoxygenation device 56 is for removing dissolved oxygen from the supplementary water filtered in the cross-flow type filtration device 55, and the deoxygenation capability increases as the residence time of the makeup water that passes through increases.
  • a type in which make-up water is passed through a gas separation membrane to remove dissolved oxygen eg, outside of a hollow fiber gas separation membrane
  • the type that removes dissolved oxygen by passing the trapped water through the inside while reducing the pressure the type that removes dissolved oxygen by passing the make-up water under a reduced pressure environment, or passes the make-up water while heating
  • Various known types such as a type that removes dissolved oxygen by removing the dissolved oxygen are used.
  • the hardness sensor 57 is for measuring the hardness of the collected water from the preliminary filtration device 54, and is, for example, a colorimetric type, electrode type or titration type sensor.
  • the electrical conductivity sensor 58 is for measuring the electrical conductivity of the makeup water from the preliminary filtration device 54, and is, for example, an electrode type sensor.
  • the water temperature sensor 59 is for measuring the temperature of the makeup water from the preliminary filtration device 54, and is, for example, a sensor such as a thermistor, a thermocouple, or a resistance temperature detector.
  • the flow rate control valve 60 is an electromagnetic valve and can arbitrarily adjust the flow rate of makeup water flowing from the cross-flow filtration device 55 to the deoxygenation device 56.
  • the control device 70 is based on the hardness information, electrical conductivity information and water temperature information measured by the hardness sensor 5 7, electrical conductivity sensor 5 8 and water temperature sensor 59, respectively. 7 and flow control valve 60 are for controlling.
  • the steam boiler 20 is a once-through boiler and, as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of transmissions standing up from the annular storage section 21 and the storage section 21 that can store boiler feed water supplied from the water supply path 41.
  • Heat pipe 2 2 (only two are shown in FIG. 4), annular header 2 3 provided at the upper end of heat transfer pipe 2 2, steam supply path 2 4 extending from header 2 3 to load device 2, burner, etc.
  • Combustion device 2 5 is mainly provided.
  • the combustion device 25 can radiate combustion gas from the header 23 side toward the storage portion 21 and heat the heat transfer tube 22.
  • the heat transfer tube 22 is used to generate steam from boiler feedwater, and is formed using non-passivated metal.
  • Non-passivated metals are metals that do not passivate naturally in neutral aqueous solutions, and are usually metals other than stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, chromium, nickel and zirconium. Specifically, carbon steel, pig iron, copper and copper alloys. Carbon steel may be passivated in the presence of a high concentration of chromate ions even in a neutral aqueous solution. This passivation is due to the effects of chromate ions. Nature in neutral aqueous solution It's hard to say that it is zero passivation. Therefore, carbon steel belongs to the category of non-passivated metals here.
  • copper-opi-copper alloys are considered to be metals that are unlikely to corrode due to the influence of moisture because the electrochemical series (emfseries) is in a noble position. Since it does not passivate, it belongs to the category of non-passivated metals.
  • the condensate path 30 is formed using a non-passivated metal like the heat transfer tube 22, and extends from the load device 2 to the water storage tank 40.
  • the condensate path 30 has a steam trap 31.
  • the steam trap 3 1 is for separating steam and water.
  • the tip of the condensate path 30 is usually preferably arranged in the boiler feed water so as not to blow air into the boiler feed water stored in the water storage tank 40. It is particularly preferable that it is arranged near the bottom of the tank 40.
  • the control device 70 switches the switching valve 6 2 to the first path 5 1 a side, and the blow amount from the cross-flow filtration device 55 becomes the predetermined blow amount X.
  • the blow control valve 8 7 is set, and the flow control valve 60 is set so that the flow rate of the makeup water flowing from the cross-flow type filtration device 5 5 to the deoxygenation device 5 6 becomes the predetermined flow rate Y. It shall be.
  • makeup water is supplied from the raw water tank to the water storage tank 40 through the water injection channel 51, and this makeup water is stored in the water storage tank 40 as boiler feed water.
  • the makeup water from the raw water tank is first supplied to the pretreatment device 52 through the water injection channel 51, where the oxidant is adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon. Subsequently, the makeup water from the pretreatment device 52 flows into the water softening device 53.
  • the makeup water that has flowed to the water softening device 5 3 flows to the first path 51a through the switching valve 62, and passes through the first resin unit 61a.
  • the hardness contained in the makeup water is ion-exchanged with sodium ions by the sodium-type cation exchange resin to become softened water from which the hardness has been removed.
  • the sodium-type cation exchange resin used in the water softening device 53 is likely to deteriorate due to the influence of the oxidizing agent, and the ion exchange capacity tends to decrease.
  • the makeup water supplied to the water softening device 53 is free from deterioration of the sodium-type cation exchange resin since the oxidizing agent is removed in the pretreatment device 52. Therefore, the water softening device 53 can soften the makeup water stably over a long period of time.
  • the make-up water that has become softened in the water softening device 5 3 is then subjected to filtration in the preliminary filtration device 5 4 to remove solids such as suspended solids and dust, and then the cross-flow filtration device 5 5 Further filtration is performed at.
  • the makeup water from the preliminary filtration device 5 4 is continuously supplied to the filtration membrane module 8 1 through the water inlet 83 by the pressurizing pump 80. A part of the supplied makeup water permeates the filtration membrane and flows out into the treatment liquid channel 82, and the remainder flows out to the concentrated liquid channel 84 without passing through the filtration membrane.
  • the makeup water that permeates the filtration membrane is filtered by the filtration membrane.
  • the makeup water removes various ion components that cause an increase in electrical conductivity.
  • most of the silica derived from raw water in the supply water passes through the filtration membrane.
  • the make-up water from the preliminary filtration device 5 4 has the oxidant removed in the pretreatment device 52, and the solid matter has been removed in the preliminary filtration device 54, so the cross-flow filtration device 5 5
  • the filter membrane is less susceptible to degradation due to oxidation and is less likely to clog. Therefore, the cross-flow filtration device 55 can stably remove the ionic components as described above from the makeup water over a long period of time.
  • the makeup water filtered in the cross flow type filtration device 55 flows through the treatment liquid path 82 to the outside of the cross flow type filtration device 55, and then deoxygenated in the deoxygenation device 56.
  • the makeup water removes dissolved oxygen that promotes corrosion (particularly pitting corrosion) of the heat transfer tube 2 2 of the steam boiler 20 and corrosion of the condensate path 30.
  • Water that is, softened water that has been deoxygenated and from which ionic components have been removed, is stored as boiler feed water.
  • This boiler water supply is a cross flow type filtration device.
  • the steam boiler 20 can suppress carry-over, can stably supply high-quality steam to the load device 2, and can suppress the amount of blow for diluting the boiler water. . Therefore, the steam boiler device 1 can reduce the heat loss due to the boiler water supply amount and the boiler water blow, thereby reducing the boiler water consumption amount and the boiler water heating. Energy consumption can be reduced.
  • the steam supplied to the load device 2 passes through the load device 2 and flows to the condensate path 30, where it loses latent heat and partly changes to condensed water, and steam and water are separated in the steam trap 31. It becomes hot condensate.
  • the condensate thus generated is recovered to the storage tank 40 through the condensate path 30, mixed with the makeup water stored in the storage tank 40, and reused as boiler feed water.
  • the steam boiler device 1 can reduce the energy consumption for operating the steam boiler 20 and can be operated economically.
  • the makeup water stored in the water storage tank 40 is diluted by mixing the condensate, and the ionic component concentration further decreases. For this reason, in the steam boiler 20 in which this supplementary water is supplied as boiler feedwater, the electrical conductivity is less likely to increase even if the boiler water is concentrated, so carryover is more effective. In addition, the amount of blow for diluting the boiler water can be further suppressed.
  • boiler water from boiler feed water stored in the steam boiler 20 contacts the inner surface of the heat transfer tube 22 and the like.
  • heat transfer tubes made of non-passivated metal 2 2 etc. are susceptible to corrosion due to the influence of boiler water, but in this embodiment, dissolved oxygen is removed from the boiler feedwater. 20 is less likely to cause corrosion of the heat transfer tube 22 and the like, particularly pitting corrosion, which is local corrosion.
  • silica contained in the boiler feed water forms a film on the internal surface of the storage part 21 of the steam boiler 20 and the heat transfer tube 22, it is possible to enhance the corrosion inhibiting action on the steam boiler 20.
  • dissolved oxygen is removed from boiler water, steam generated by heating of the boiler water hardly corrodes the condensate path 30.
  • the hardness sensor 5 7, the electrical conductivity sensor 5 8 and the water temperature sensor 5 9 are always equipped with the hardness of the makeup water flowing from the preliminary filtration device 5 4 to the cross-flow filtration device 5 5 Measure conductivity and water temperature, respectively.
  • the purpose of measuring the hardness of the makeup water with the hardness sensor 5 7 is to confirm the treatment status of the makeup water in the water softening device 53, that is, the water softening status.
  • the purpose of measuring the electrical conductivity of makeup water with the electrical conductivity sensor 58 is to determine the amount of ion component contained in the makeup water.
  • measuring the temperature of the makeup water with the water temperature sensor 59 is intended to predict the amount of dissolved oxygen contained in the makeup water. In the makeup water, the lower the water temperature, the higher the solubility of dissolved oxygen and the more dissolved oxygen, so the trend of dissolved oxygen can be predicted by the water temperature.
  • the controller 70 can operate the switching valve 6 2 to inject water. 4 Switch the route 5 1 from the first route 5 1 a to the second route 5 1 b.
  • the makeup water from the pretreatment device 52 flows to the second path 51b and is supplied to the second resin unit 61, and is ion-exchanged by the sodium cation exchange resin.
  • the water tank 40 will continue to be supplied with make-up water with low hardness, so the steam boiler 20 can effectively generate scale without adding chemicals to the boiler feed water. It is suppressed.
  • the predetermined value Z is usually in a range less than the hardness of the boiler feed water in which the hardness of the boiler water can be set below the upper limit value of the hardness allowed in the boiler water condensed in the steam boiler 20. This is an arbitrarily set value. For example, if the upper limit of hardness allowed in boiler water is 10 milligrams Z liters (C a CO 3 equivalent), and the boiler water concentration ratio in the steam boiler 20 is 10 times, the predetermined value Z Is set to any value less than 1 milligram / liter (C a C 0 3 equivalent).
  • the controller 70 can use the water injection channel.
  • the captured water can be ion-exchanged by the first resin unit 61a in which the sodium ion exchange resin has been replaced.
  • the resin unit As described above, if the sodium cation exchange resin filled in the resin unit other than the resin unit selected in the resin unit group 61 (that is, the resin unit in use) is replaced while not in use, When the hardness of the makeup water exceeds a predetermined value Z, the resin unit can be quickly changed to the other by switching the switching valve 62. Accordingly, the hardness of the makeup water is more reliably removed in the water softening device 53.
  • the control device 70 controls the blow control valve 87 to set the blow amount of makeup water circulating in the cross flow type filtration device 55 larger than the predetermined blow amount X.
  • This 5 In the filtration membrane module 8 1, since the makeup water concentrated by circulation is diluted with the newly supplied makeup water, the concentration on the membrane surface decreases, and the ionic components in the makeup water that permeate the filtration membrane Increase in volume is suppressed.
  • the filtration membrane reduces the load for removing ionic components and maintains the ability to remove ionic components. Therefore, the cross-flow type filtration device 55 can supply makeup water with low electrical conductivity. Will continue to be stably supplied to the deoxygenation device 56 through the treatment liquid channel 82. As a result, the carry-over of the steam boiler 20 is stably suppressed without increasing the amount of boiler water blown.
  • the predetermined value E is usually arbitrarily set between the average value and the minimum value of the electrical conductivity of the raw water throughout the year.
  • the predetermined blow amount X is usually the water recovery rate in the cross flow type filtration device 55 (the amount of permeated water of the cross flow type filtration device 55, the amount of replenishment water X 10 supplied to the cross flow type filtration device 55) ) Is arbitrarily set within the range of 50 to 90%.
  • the control device 70 controls the blow control valve 8 7, and the cross-flow filtration device 5 5 Return the blow amount to the predetermined blow amount X. For this reason, the steam boiler device 1 can suppress waste of make-up water to a minimum, and can be economically operated.
  • the control device 70 controls the flow rate control valve 60 to reduce the flow rate of makeup water flowing from the cross-flow type filtration device 55 to the deoxygenation device 56 to less than a predetermined flow rate Y.
  • the flow rate of the make-up water decreases and the stay time of the make-up water increases, so that the ability to remove dissolved oxygen from the make-up water increases. Therefore, the water storage tank 40 continues to be supplied with makeup water with a small amount of dissolved oxygen even if the temperature of the collected water drops.
  • the predetermined water temperature T is usually arbitrarily set in a temperature range equal to or higher than the minimum value of the water temperature at which a dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.5 milligram / liter or less can be stably obtained.
  • the predetermined flow rate Y is usually arbitrary in a flow rate range that is equal to or higher than the flow rate of boiler feed water that can achieve the maximum steam generation rate per hour of the steam boiler 20. Is set.
  • the control device 70 controls the flow control valve 60, and the cross flow type filtration device 5 5 5 Return the make-up water flow to 6 to the predetermined flow rate Y.
  • the water storage tank 40 stores the makeup water from which dissolved oxygen has been removed more reliably as boiler feed water, and the steam boiler device 1 does not need to add chemicals to the boiler feed water.
  • the progress of corrosion (especially pitting corrosion) of the steam boiler 20 is effectively suppressed, and the corrosion of the condensate path 30 is also effectively suppressed.
  • the water softening device 53 replaces the sodium cation exchange resin of the unused resin unit, but the resin unit sodium type The cation exchange resin can be regenerated in the state of being attached to the water softening device 53 when not in use.
  • the water softening device 53 is provided with a sodium chloride aqueous solution preparation device, and the sodium chloride aqueous solution is supplied from this preparation device into an unused resin unit.
  • the hardness adhering to the sodium-type cation exchange resin is exchanged again with sodium ion, and the sodium-type cation exchange resin increases the ion exchange capacity with the hardness.
  • the water softening device 53 uses the resin unit group 61 having two resin units 61a, 61b, but there are three or more resin unit groups 61. You may have this resin unit.
  • the hardness sensor 5 7, the electrical conductivity sensor 5 8, and the water temperature sensor 5 9 are arranged between the preliminary filtration device 5 4 and the cross-flow filtration device 55, thereby providing makeup water.
  • the hardness, electrical conductivity, and water temperature of the makeup water are measured, but the hardness, electrical conductivity, and water temperature of the makeup water can also be measured between the water softening device 53 and the preliminary filtration device 54.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane is used as the filtration membrane of the cross-flow filtration device 55, but this reverse osmosis membrane can be changed to a nanofiltration membrane.
  • Nano 7 Filtration membranes are formed using synthetic polymers such as polyamides and polyethers, commonly called NF (Nanofi 1 tration) membranes. echno 1 ogy) In the standard AMS T-002, the molecular weight range of the substance to be separated, which is used at an operating pressure of 1.5 MPa and shows a removal rate of 90% or more, indicates 200 to 1,000.
  • nanofiltration membranes are distinguished from reverse osmosis membranes in the AMS T standard. Incidentally, nanofiltration membranes are commercially available from various companies and can be easily obtained.
  • Nanofiltration membranes are used in various shapes, similar to reverse osmosis membranes. That is, the nanofiltration membrane is used in various shapes such as a flat membrane type, a hollow fiber membrane type, a tubular type, and a Nomoris type.
  • the former is superior to the latter.
  • the degree can be set to a smaller value, whereby the blow of boiler water and the overflow of the steam in the steam boiler 20 can be more effectively suppressed. Therefore, when using reverse osmosis membranes, compared to using nanofiltration membranes, the cross-flow filtration device 55 reduces the burden on the filtration membrane and increases the prescribed blow amount to increase the ability to remove ion components. Since it is necessary to set this, it is easy to waste makeup water.
  • reverse osmosis membrane and the nanofiltration membrane based on the general water quality of raw water that can be supplied as makeup water to the steam boiler device 1, that is, the ionic component concentration.
  • reverse osmosis membranes are selected for raw water with a generally high ionic component concentration (this tendency is strong in North America and China), and nanomaterials for raw water with a generally low ionic component concentration. It is preferable to select a filtration membrane.
  • the condensate from the multiple paths 30 is collected directly to the storage tank 40.
  • the condensate from the condensate path 30 is different from the storage tank 40. (Not shown: hereinafter referred to as “condensate tank”). It can also be set so that the condensate tank is gradually supplied to the water storage tank 40.
  • Steam boiler unit 1 has a low recovery amount of condensate when the amount of steam used by load unit 2 is small (referred to as “low load operation”), and a large amount of steam used by load unit 2 (“high load”).
  • the amount of recovered condensate is large. Therefore, during low-load operation, make-up water (that is, boiler feed water) stored in the storage tank 40 is not easily diluted by condensate, and during high-load operation, the make-up water is easily diluted by condensate. Dilution of makeup water with water becomes unstable. Therefore, in order to effectively suppress carryover, the blow amount in the steam boiler 20 is usually set higher with reference to the dilution rate of make-up water by condensate collected during low-load operation. I like it.
  • the condensate collected in the condensate tank is gradually supplied to the storage tank 40 as in this modification, the dilution rate of makeup water by condensate can be stabilized in the storage tank 40. Therefore, the blow amount in the steam boiler 20 can be suppressed more effectively while suppressing carryover, and as a result, the consumption of boiler water and the energy consumption due to heat loss can be reduced more effectively. it can.
  • a method of gradually supplying condensate from the condensate tank to the storage tank 40 for example, a method of supplying condensate at a constant rate from the condensate tank at a constant rate can be employed.
  • an electrical conductivity sensor is installed in the storage tank 40, and condensate is supplied from the condensate tank when the electrical conductivity of the makeup water (boiler feed water) stored in the storage tank 40 exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the supply of condensate is stopped when the electrical conductivity is restored to a predetermined value (ie, the makeup water is diluted with condensate).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'alimentation en eau d'appoint pour une alimentation en eau de chaudière. Une eau d'appoint est traitée par, disposées en séquence, une unité (53) d'adoucissement de l'eau avec un groupe d'unités de résine comprenant de multiples unités de résine remplies d'une résine échangeuse de cations de sodium, une unité de filtration à circulation croisée (55) avec une membrane à osmose inverse et une unité de désoxydation (56), et l'eau d'appoint traitée est stockée sous forme d'eau d'alimentation de chaudière dans un réservoir de stockage d'eau (40). Entre l'unité d'adoucissement de l'eau (53) et l'unité de filtration à circulation croisée (55), la dureté, la conductivité électrique et la température de l'eau d'appoint sont mesurées. Lorsque la dureté dépasse une valeur donnée, l'unité de résine est commutée vers une autre dans le groupe d'unités de résine. Lorsque la conductivité électrique dépasse une valeur donnée, le débit à partir de l'unité de filtration à circulation croisée (55) est augmenté. Lorsque la température de l'eau est en dessous d'un niveau donné, le débit de l'eau d'appoint est diminué et l'eau d'appoint est amenée à passer à travers l'unité de désoxydation (56). En conséquence, l'eau d'appoint stockée dans le réservoir de stockage d'eau (40) est efficacement désoxydée, et des composants ioniques sont efficacement retirés, et une eau adoucie exempte de composants de dureté est obtenue de manière stable, de telle sorte que sans l'addition de produits chimiques, on peut obtenir une inhibition efficace de toute corrosion ou de tout entartrage dans la chaudière à vapeur et on peut en outre obtenir une inhibition de tout primage.
PCT/JP2007/074623 2006-12-26 2007-12-17 Procédé d'alimentation en eau d'appoint pour une alimentation en eau de chaudière WO2008078668A1 (fr)

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JP2012013279A (ja) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-19 Miura Co Ltd 蒸気ボイラの運転方法
CN105174335A (zh) * 2015-07-22 2015-12-23 成都百味坊贸易有限公司 一种盐水处理及灭菌组合装置及工艺
CN108395040A (zh) * 2017-02-05 2018-08-14 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种余热锅炉补给水的制备方法
WO2023003989A1 (fr) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-26 Ecolab Usa Inc. Centrale électrique à cycle combiné utilisant des additifs organiques pour eau
EP4119509A4 (fr) * 2020-03-12 2023-09-06 Kurita Water Industries Ltd. Procédé de suppression de la fatigue due à la corrosion du tube d'évaporation d'une chaudière

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JP2012013279A (ja) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-19 Miura Co Ltd 蒸気ボイラの運転方法
CN105174335A (zh) * 2015-07-22 2015-12-23 成都百味坊贸易有限公司 一种盐水处理及灭菌组合装置及工艺
CN105174335B (zh) * 2015-07-22 2017-12-15 成都百味坊贸易有限公司 一种盐水处理及灭菌组合装置及工艺
CN108395040A (zh) * 2017-02-05 2018-08-14 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种余热锅炉补给水的制备方法
EP4119509A4 (fr) * 2020-03-12 2023-09-06 Kurita Water Industries Ltd. Procédé de suppression de la fatigue due à la corrosion du tube d'évaporation d'une chaudière
WO2023003989A1 (fr) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-26 Ecolab Usa Inc. Centrale électrique à cycle combiné utilisant des additifs organiques pour eau
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