JP5158341B2 - ボイラ給水の調製方法 - Google Patents
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- JP5158341B2 JP5158341B2 JP2007326490A JP2007326490A JP5158341B2 JP 5158341 B2 JP5158341 B2 JP 5158341B2 JP 2007326490 A JP2007326490 A JP 2007326490A JP 2007326490 A JP2007326490 A JP 2007326490A JP 5158341 B2 JP5158341 B2 JP 5158341B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 374
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 54
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical group [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 12
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/025—Devices and methods for diminishing corrosion, e.g. by preventing cooling beneath the dew point
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
- C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
- C02F2209/055—Hardness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/043—Treatment of partial or bypass streams
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
Description
処理液路82は、ろ過膜モジュール81から延びており、ろ過膜モジュール81においてろ過された補給水を脱酸素装置56へ供給するためのものである。
(1)上述の実施の形態では、クロスフロー型ろ過装置55のろ過膜としてナノろ過膜を用いたが、このナノろ過は逆浸透膜に変更することもできる。逆浸透膜は、一般にRO(Reverse Osmosis)膜と呼称されている、ポリアミド等の合成高分子を用いて形成されたものであり、AMST(Association of Membrance Separation Technology)規格のAMST−002において、「塩化ナトリウム濃度が500〜2,000mg/リットルで操作圧力が0.5〜3.0MPaの評価条件の下での塩化ナトリウムの除去率が93%以上の膜」と定義されている。したがって、逆浸透膜は、AMST規格においてナノろ過膜と区別されている。因みに、逆浸透膜は、各社から市販されており、容易に入手することができる。
2 負荷装置
20 蒸気ボイラ
30 復水経路
32 復水タンク
40 貯水タンク
43 第二電気伝導度センサ
50 補給経路
53 軟水化装置
55 クロスフロー型ろ過装置
56 脱酸素装置
57 硬度センサ
58 第一電気伝導度センサ
59 水温センサ
60 流量調節弁
61 樹脂ユニット群
61a 第一樹脂ユニット
61b 第二樹脂ユニット
87 ブロー制御弁
Claims (3)
- 補給水を受入れ可能な貯水タンクに貯留したボイラ給水を蒸気ボイラへ供給して加熱し、それにより発生する蒸気を負荷装置において利用する蒸気ボイラ装置において、前記補給水から前記ボイラ給水を調製するための方法であって、
ナノろ過膜および逆浸透膜のうちの一つを用いたクロスフロー型ろ過装置へ前記補給水を供給し、前記クロスフロー型ろ過装置からのブロー量を所定ブロー量に設定して前記補給水をろ過処理する工程Aと、
工程Aにおいてろ過処理された前記補給水を前記貯水タンクへ供給する工程Bと、
前記クロスフロー型ろ過装置へ供給する前記補給水の電気伝導度を測定する工程Cと、
前記負荷装置において利用された前記蒸気が凝縮して得られる復水を前記貯水タンクへ供給し、前記貯水タンクに貯留された前記補給水と混合する工程Dとを含み、
工程Cにおいて測定した前記電気伝導度が所定値を超えたときは、工程Aにおいて前記クロスフロー型ろ過装置からのブロー量を前記所定ブロー量よりも多く設定し、
工程Dは、前記復水を復水タンクに貯留するとともに前記貯水タンクに貯留された前記補給水の電気伝導度を測定し、前記貯水タンクに貯留された前記補給水の前記電気伝導度が所定値を超えたときに前記復水タンクに貯留した前記復水を前記貯水タンクへ供給する、
ボイラ給水の調製方法。 - ナトリウム型イオン交換樹脂でのイオン交換により前記クロスフロー型ろ過装置へ供給する前記補給水から硬度分を除去する工程Eと、工程Aと工程Bとの間において前記クロスフロー型ろ過装置においてろ過処理された前記補給水を脱酸素装置に通過させ、前記補給水に含まれる溶存酸素を除去する工程Fとをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のボイラ給水の調製方法。
- 前記ナトリウム型陽イオン交換樹脂を有する少なくとも二つの樹脂ユニットを含む樹脂ユニット群から選択した一つの樹脂ユニットにより前記工程Eを実行し、かつ、前記脱気装置において前記補給水を所定流量で通過させて前記工程Fを実行し、
工程Cにおいて前記補給水の硬度および水温を併せて測定するとともに、測定した前記硬度が所定値を超えたときは前記樹脂ユニット群において他の樹脂ユニットを選択して工程Eを実行し、測定した前記水温が所定温度未満のときは工程Fにおいて前記所定流量未満で前記補給水を前記脱酸素装置に通過させる、請求項2に記載のボイラ給水の調製方法。
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JP2007326490A JP5158341B2 (ja) | 2006-12-26 | 2007-12-18 | ボイラ給水の調製方法 |
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JP5158341B2 true JP5158341B2 (ja) | 2013-03-06 |
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WO (1) | WO2008078668A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP4735258B2 (ja) | 2003-04-09 | 2011-07-27 | 株式会社ニコン | 露光方法及び装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 |
TW201834020A (zh) | 2003-10-28 | 2018-09-16 | 日商尼康股份有限公司 | 照明光學裝置、曝光裝置、曝光方法以及元件製造方法 |
TW201809801A (zh) | 2003-11-20 | 2018-03-16 | 日商尼康股份有限公司 | 光學照明裝置、曝光裝置、曝光方法、以及元件製造方法 |
TW201809727A (zh) | 2004-02-06 | 2018-03-16 | 日商尼康股份有限公司 | 偏光變換元件 |
KR101504765B1 (ko) | 2005-05-12 | 2015-03-30 | 가부시키가이샤 니콘 | 투영 광학계, 노광 장치 및 노광 방법 |
JP5267029B2 (ja) | 2007-10-12 | 2013-08-21 | 株式会社ニコン | 照明光学装置、露光装置及びデバイスの製造方法 |
US8379187B2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2013-02-19 | Nikon Corporation | Optical unit, illumination optical apparatus, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method |
US9116346B2 (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2015-08-25 | Nikon Corporation | Illumination apparatus, illumination method, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method |
JP4617386B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-11 | 2011-01-26 | シャープ株式会社 | 蒸気調理器 |
JP5510123B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-30 | 2014-06-04 | 三浦工業株式会社 | 蒸気ボイラの運転方法 |
JP5834687B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2015-12-24 | 三浦工業株式会社 | 水処理システム |
JP6065066B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-25 | 栗田工業株式会社 | ボイラ用水処理装置及びボイラの運転方法 |
CN105174335B (zh) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-12-15 | 成都百味坊贸易有限公司 | 一种盐水处理及灭菌组合装置及工艺 |
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JP6856419B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-24 | 2021-04-07 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | 凝縮水処理システム |
JP7083365B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-06-10 | 栗田工業株式会社 | ボイラにおける蒸発管の腐食疲労の抑制方法 |
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JP2003220386A (ja) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-05 | Miura Co Ltd | 軟水化装置およびその再生制御方法 |
JP4238654B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-25 | 2009-03-18 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ボイラ用給水の処理方法および処理装置 |
JP4367197B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2009-11-18 | 三浦工業株式会社 | 水処理方法 |
JP2006283988A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Miura Co Ltd | 脱気システム |
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