WO2008072778A1 - 尿路系疾患の処置剤 - Google Patents
尿路系疾患の処置剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008072778A1 WO2008072778A1 PCT/JP2007/074361 JP2007074361W WO2008072778A1 WO 2008072778 A1 WO2008072778 A1 WO 2008072778A1 JP 2007074361 W JP2007074361 W JP 2007074361W WO 2008072778 A1 WO2008072778 A1 WO 2008072778A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4985—Pyrazines or piperazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/517—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinazoline, perimidine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/04—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system for urolithiasis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/10—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the bladder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Definitions
- the present invention comprises a compound having a phosphodiesterase type 9 (PDE 9) inhibitory action as an active ingredient, characterized by overactive bladder, frequent urination, urinary incontinence, dysuria associated with prostatic hypertrophy or urinary tract It relates to a treatment for stones.
- PDE 9 phosphodiesterase type 9
- Urination disorders are broadly divided into discharge disorders that cannot be discharged with sufficient urine at the time of discharge and urine storage disorders that cannot retain urine during the urine storage period.
- ai blockers are frequently used in the treatment of discharge disorders, and anticholinergic drugs are often used in the treatment of urinary storage disorders.
- these drugs have drawbacks such as insufficient long-term therapeutic effects and reduced quality of life (QOL) due to side effects.
- QOL quality of life
- Development of drugs based on mechanisms such as potassium channel opening action and cyclic guanosine 3 ', 5'-phosphate (c GMP) degradation inhibition is required.
- c GMP plays an important role in various cellular events such as smooth muscle relaxation, memory / learning function regulation, retinal photoreaction, cell proliferation, and immune response.
- NO nitric oxide
- cGMP c GMP synthesis by the cGMP system and c GMP degradation by the PDE system
- NO — c GMP The function of the system is reduced and the synthesis of cGMP in the cell is low.
- the concentration of cGMP in the diseased cells is low. Therefore, it is expected that preventing the degradation of cGMP in cells and correcting the decrease in the concentration of intracellular cGMP will be effective in the treatment or prevention of diseases.
- C Type 5 PDE 5
- Type 6 PDE 6
- Type 9 PDE 9
- PDE 9 shows the lowest Km value (J. B iol. Chem istry, VOL. 273, No. 25, 1 555 9-1 5564 (1 998)), and has an affinity for c GMP. It is considered that c is significantly involved in the degradation of GMP.
- pyrazomouth pyrimidine derivatives have been known as compounds having PDE 9 inhibitory action.
- the derivatives are useful for the treatment of insulin resistance diseases, etc., useful for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, etc., and useful for improving the cognitive 'learning' memory ability.
- PCT International Publication WO 03/037432 Pamphlet IV See PCT International Publication WO 03/037899 Pamphlet IV and PCT International Publication WO 2004/018474 Pamphlet IV).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a therapeutic agent for urinary tract diseases based on PDE 9 inhibitory action.
- the present inventors have shown that the inhibition of PDE 9 is effective in treating various diseases related to urinary tract such as overactive bladder, frequent urination / urinary incontinence, dysuria associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and urinary tract stones.
- the inventors have found that the present invention is effective and have completed the present invention.
- a therapeutic agent for overactive bladder, frequent urination, urinary incontinence, urination disorder associated with prostatic hypertrophy or urinary calculus comprising a compound having a PDE 9 inhibitory action as an active ingredient Is provided.
- the “compound having PDE 9 inhibitory activity” means a compound having an IC 50 value for PDE 9 of at least 1 / mo 1 ZL or less, preferably 100 nmo 1 L or less.
- the IC 50 value of a compound can be measured, for example, by an experiment shown in the following section “Measurement of PDE 9P and harmful effects”.
- any compound having an IC 50 value for PDE 9 of at least 1 ⁇ 1 ZL or less can be used as an active ingredient without any particular limitation, but specific examples of active ingredients include, for example, Mention may be made of compounds of the formulas (I) to (V).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, C, - 6 alkyl group, (fi alkoxy alkyl group or 1-9 halogen Represents a C 6 haloalkyl group having an atom;
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a phenyl Ci_ 6 alkyl group or an amino group
- R 3 is C 2 _ 6 alkyl groups, C 2 - 6 alkenyl group, Ji force Rubamoiru - 6 alkyl group, amino Ji 6 ⁇ alkyl group, d-6 alkylamino CI- 6 alkyl group, di - (C - 6 alkyl Aminoji! — Represents a 6 alkyl group, — 6 alkylthio group, or Y— X— group, or
- R 2 and R 3 may be joined together to form a tetramethylene group
- X is a direct bond or CH 2, CH (OH), CH (C 6 H 5), CO, CH 2 CH 2, CH 2 CO, CO CH 2, S, represents O or NH,
- Y is a halogen atom optionally alkyl group from 1 to 9 of C having a halogen atom - 6 haloalkyl group, - 6 alkoxy groups, C having 1-9 halogen atoms - 6 haloalkoxy group, one 6 alkylthio Substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from a haloalkylthio group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, an alkylenedioxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an oxo group, an amino group, a nitro group and a phenyl group may be an aromatic carbocyclic group, aromatic heterocyclic group, C 4 _ 7 cycloalkyl, C 4 - 7 cycloalkenyl group, for 5-7 membered containing one or two nitrogen atoms A saturated heterocyclic group, or a 5- to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group that forms a condensed ring with a 5- or
- Z 1 represents S or O
- n 0 or an integer of 1 to 4,
- R 4 may optionally be substituted by a halogen atom, (: an alkyl group, a Ci- 6 alkyl group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, and 1 to 3 substituents selected from an alkoxy group.
- a halogen atom (: an alkyl group, a Ci- 6 alkyl group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, and 1 to 3 substituents selected from an alkoxy group.
- m represents an integer of 1 to 3
- R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom; a no, a rogen atom; optionally a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a d-6 alkoxy group, a C 6 haloalkoxy group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, a carboxy group, d 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, C 6 alkanoyl group, amino group, amide group, strong rubamoyl group, oxo group, alkyl group optionally substituted by a carbocyclic group or heterocyclic group or C!
- 6 an amino group optionally substituted by 1 to 2 substituents selected from an alkynyl group, an alkanoyl group, a carbocyclic group and a heterocyclic group; a hydroxyl group; or optionally a halogen atom, C ⁇ 6 alkyl groups, (: 6 alkoxy groups, haloalkoxy groups having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, nitro groups or pyrimidinyl groups optionally substituted by amino groups,
- R 7 may optionally be a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, a Ci 6 haloalkoxy group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, a carboxy group, a C-e alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkanoyl group, an amino group (wherein C alkyl group optionally the amino group, C 2 _ 6 alkenyl, C 2 _ 6 alkynyl group from 1 to 9 of 6 haloalkyl group Flip having a halogen atom, Arukanoiru group, carbocyclic Shikimoto and heterocyclic group Which may be further substituted with 1 to 2 substituents selected from: an amide group, a strong rubamoyl group, an oxo group, a carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group (wherein the carbocyclic group and each further heat Dorokishi group optionally heterocyclic group, a halogen atom, Ci 6 alkyl, C 2 _ 6 Al Ken
- — 6 alkoxy groups are each independently a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group,
- the amino moiety in is optionally selected from a C 6 alkyl group, a C 2 6 alkenyl group, a C 2 6 alkynyl group, a 6 haloalkyl group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, an alkanoyl group, a carbocyclic group and a heterocyclic group.
- To 2 amino may be further substituted by a substituent); or in force Rubamoiru group (wherein, if Amino portion in said Karubamo I le radical by C ⁇ 6 alkyl group, C 2 6 alkenyl, C 2 _ 6) an alkynyl group, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, an alkanoyl group, a carbocyclic group and a heterocyclic group, which may be further substituted. ,
- R 8 is a hydrogen atom; a hydroxyl group; optionally having a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, 1 to 9 halogen atoms — 6 haloalkoxy group, carboxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, alkanoyl group, amino group, Ci-e alkyl group optionally substituted by an amide group, strong rumoyl group or oxo group; or optionally Ci-e alkyl group, C 2 6 alkenyl group, C 2
- R 9 and R 12 are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, optionally human Dorokishi group, a halogen atom, Ci 6 alkoxy group, flicking 6 haloalkoxy group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, carboxy groups, C alkoxy carbonyl group, Arukanoiru group, an amino group, an amino-de-group, the force Rubamoiru group if Ku is an alkyl group optionally substituted by Okiso group, C 2 _ 6 alkenyl group or a Ci-e ⁇ alkoxy group; Shiano group; or nitro Represents a group,
- R 10 and R 11 are each independently a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom; optionally a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a Ci 6 alkoxy group, a Ci-e haloalkoxy group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, a carboxy group, C -e alkoxycarbonyl group, Arukanoiru group, an amino group (wherein said amino groups more alkyl groups when, C 2 6 alkenyl, C 2 _ 6 alkynyl group from 1 to 9 of haloalkyl groups that have a halogen atom , An alkanoyl group, a carbocyclic group and a heterocyclic group, which may be further substituted by 1 to 2 substituents), an amide group, a strong rubamoyl group, an oxo group, a carbocyclic group or a hetero group by a cyclic group (wherein, each further heat Doroki sheet group optionally carbocyclic groups and heterocycl
- haloalkoxy group having 9 halogen atoms, carboxy groups, 6 Further substituted by an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkanoyl group, an amino group, an amide group, a strong rubamoyl group, an oxo group, a carbon cyclic group or a heterocyclic group O Les), Al force Noiru group, carbocyclic group and heterocyclic group (wherein, carbocyclic and heterocyclic groups, each further heat Dorokishi group optionally halogen atom, C -!
- 6 alkyl groups are selected from C 2 _ 6 alkenyl, C 2 6 alkynyl group, C 6 alkoxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an amino group, may be by connexion substituted amino de group or force Rubamoiru group) one to two substituents amino group which may be substituted by; human Dorokishi group optionally halogen atom, - 6 alkyl group, C 2 - 6 alkenyl group, C 2 - 6 ⁇ Norekiniru group, d-6 alkoxy in group (wherein the alkyl group, C 2 6 alkenyl, C 2 - 6 Al Kiniru groups and optionally heat Dorokishi group an alkoxy group each independently, a halogen atom, Ji 6 alkoxy group, a 1-9 pieces Having androgenic atom - 6 haloalkoxy group, a carboxyl group, d- (6 ) may be further substituted by an alkoxycarbonyl group, an
- C 6 haloalkoxy group having, a carboxy group, C - 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, an amino group, an amino-de-group or force Rubamoiru good carbocyclic group optionally substituted by a group or a heterocyclic group; CO R 13; or S0 2 represents R 13
- R 13 is a hydrogen atom; a hydroxy group; optionally a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group,
- Z 2 represents S or o
- AA 2 and A 3 each independently represent N or C. However, when A 1 A 2 and A 3 each represent N, R 5 , R 6 and R 12 do not exist,
- R 14 is substituted with 1 to 5 substituents selected from a halogen atom, d alkyl group, trifluoromethyl group, trifluoromethoxy group, cyano group, hydroxy group, nitro group and Ci- 6 alkoxy group Represents a phenyl group,
- R 15 represents a pentane one 3-I group or C 4 _ 6 cycloalkyl group
- Z 3 represents S or o, Or a salt thereof.
- R 16 represents a hydrogen atom or a C _ 6 alkyl group, wherein R 16 is bonded to N 1 or N 2,
- R 17 is optionally heat Dorokishi group or optionally C 6 alkyl group optionally substituted with an alkoxy group; optionally alkyl groups, human Dorokishi group or an optionally substituted c 3 _ 7 also be a cycloalkyl group with an alkoxy group; A saturated 5 6-membered heterocycle optionally substituted with an alkyl group, a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group; het 1 ; or A r 1 ,
- R 18 is optionally selected from C 3 7 cycloalkyl group optionally substituted with Ar 2 or C 6 alkyl group, OAr 2 SAr 2 NHC (O) C 6 alkyl group, het 2 , xanthine and naphthalene 1 Or an alkyl group optionally substituted by two substituents, wherein A r 1 and A r 2 are each independently represented by the following formula (VI)
- R 19 R 2 Q and R 21 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a phenoxy group, a phenyl group, CF 3 OCF 3 R 22 SR 22 and OR 22 (where R 22 represents het 3 Or optionally substituted with a phenyl group optionally substituted with 13 substituents selected from a halogen atom, a CF 3 OCF 3 C! -E alkyl group and a C-6 alkoxy group.
- R 19 and R 20 are taken together to form a 3 or 4 atom linkage, wherein the linkage is optionally selected from 0 S and N 1 2 heteroatoms Which may contain atoms)
- het 1 het 2 and het 3 may be the same or different and each represents an aromatic 56-membered heterocycle containing 13 heteroatoms selected from 0 S and N, ring C 6 alkyl group optionally, C _ 6 alkoxy group, a halogen atom by a halogen atom, and optionally and CI- 6 1 selected from phenyl groups optionally substituted by 1 to 3 substituents selected from alkyl groups
- alkyl group can be linear or branched, for example, methylol, ethinole, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butinole, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl. , n- pentyl, there may be mentioned cyclohexyl group, etc., to n-, among others, methyl, Echiru, n- propyl, isopropyl and n- butyl group are preferred.
- Ji 9 alkyl group includes straight-chain if Specific examples thereof include, in addition to the groups exemplified in the above alkyl group, for example, 1-ethyl 1-n-propyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, Examples include 2-ethyl-1,1,1-dimethyl-1, n-butyl, 1,2,3-trimethyl-1, n-butyl, 1,5-dimethyl-n-heptane-3T, etc. Among them, 1 —Ichiru n Propyl is not preferable.
- C 2 _ 6 alkyl group is a group as defined in the above alkyl group excluding methyl group is wrapped including, in particular, Echiru, n- propyl, isopropyl and n- butyl Is preferred.
- C 2 _ 6 alkenyl group also properly may be a branched-chain 'one or more double bonds have and linear at any position, specifically, for example, Bulle , Allyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1,3-butenyl, 2-methylaryl, 1-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl group, etc. And isopropenyl group are preferred.
- C 2 _ 9 alkenyl group can be a one or more double bonds have and linear or branched in any position, and specific examples thereof, the C 2 —
- the groups exemplified in the 6 alkenyl group for example, 1-heptul, 1-octul, 1-nonenyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the “C 2 _6 alkynyl group” has one or more triple bonds at any position and can be linear or branched, and specifically includes, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, 1-pentynyl group and the like are mentioned, and among them, an ethur group is preferable.
- “C 2 _ 9 alkynyl group” can be a one or more has a triple bond and a linear or branched in any position, and specific examples thereof, the C 2 _ In addition to the groups defined in the 6 alkynyl group, for example, 1-heptynyl, 4-ethylethyl heptane-5-benzyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- a “C 6 alkoxy group” is an oxy (O) group substituted by an alkyl group, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutyloxy, sec-butyloxy, tert —Butoxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy group and the like can be mentioned, and among them, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy and n-butyloxy groups are preferable.
- “( ⁇ -6 alkylthio group)” is a thio (S) group substituted by a C-e alkyl group, for example, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, sec -Butylthio, tert-butylthio, n-pentylthio, n-hexenoretio group and the like can be mentioned. Among them, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio and n-butylthio groups are preferable.
- alkylenedioxy group includes, for example, methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy, propylenedioxy, tetramethylenedioxy groups, etc. Among them, methylenedioxy and ethylenedioxy groups are preferable.
- a - "C 3 8 cycloalkyl group” are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl and Shikurookuchiru group cycloheteroalkyl are included, also - the "C 4 7 cycloalkyl group", cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl , heptyl group cyclohexyl and the cycloheteroalkyl is included, further, the "C 5 _ 7 cycloalkyl group", cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl group to cycloalkyl are included, in each, cyclopentyl and consequent An oral hexyl group is preferred.
- Halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms, with fluorine, chlorine and bromine atoms being particularly preferred.
- C haloalkyl group having 19 halogen atoms means a d- 6 alkyl group according to the above definition substituted by 19 identical or different halogen atoms, for example, fluoromethinoleol, trifonoreolomethinole 1,2-Dichloroethinole, 1-Black mouthpiece 2-Bromochinole, Pentabromoethyl, Heptafluoropropyl, 1-Black mouthpiece n-Propinole, 2-Bromo-2-methinoethyl, 3-Black mouthpiece n-Pentyl , 2-bromo-1-3-chloro hexyl group, etc.
- an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms substituted by the same or different 15 halogen atoms is preferable.
- C haloalkoxy group having 19 halogen atoms is an oxy (O) group substituted by the above “19 haloalkyl group having 19 halogen atoms”, and “19
- Ci-e haloalkylthio group having a halogen atom” means a thio (S) group substituted by the above-mentioned “haloalkyl group containing 16 halogen atoms”.
- the “(d- 6 alkoxyalkyl group)” in the definition of R 1 in the above formula (I) means an alkyl group substituted by an alkoxy group according to the above definition.
- “Ji Hue nil - 6 alkyl group” in the definition of R 2 in the formula (I) is a C -e alkyl group according to the definition that is substituted by phenyl group, also, R 3 of the formula (I)
- force rumomoyl alkyl group means a 16 alkyl group according to the above definition substituted by a force rubamoyl group (—CONH 2 )
- amino d- 6 alkyl group means an amino group ( 1 means an alkyl group according to the above definition substituted by NH 2 ).
- alkylamino alkyl group means that the amino group in the above amino C- 6 alkyl group is further replaced by one Ci- 6 alkyl group as defined above.
- di-6-alkyl) amino alkyl group means a group in which the amino group is further substituted by two alkyl groups as defined above.
- Ci-e alkyl groups substituted on the amino group in the alkyl group may be the same or different from each other.
- .-6 alkoxycarbonyl group in the definition of Y in the formula (I) is as defined above.
- a carbonyl group (CO) substituted by an alkoxy group is meant.
- the “aromatic carbon ratio cyclic group” in the definition of Y in the formula (I) and R 7 in the formula (III) includes an aromatic carbocyclic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, Specific examples include phenyl, 1-indenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-anthryl, 1-acenaphthenyl, and the like. Among them, phenyl, 1-naphthyl and 2-naphthyl are preferred. preferable.
- an “aromatic complex cyclic group” is a heteroatom selected from ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ and S
- a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing 1 to 2 and one ring is a 5- or 6-membered ring, for example, 'pyrrolyl, furyl, phenyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl , Oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolyl group, etc.
- Aromatic heterocyclic groups of the formula are preferred.
- Examples of the “5- to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group containing 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms” in the definition of ⁇ in the formula (I) include, for example, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, and azepinyl groups. Of these, piperidinyl and piperazinyl groups are preferred.
- a 5- to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group that forms a condensed ring with a 5- or 6-membered saturated cyclic group and contains 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms For example, hexahydrocyclopenta [b] .pyrrolyl, hexahydrocyclopenta [c] pyrrolyl, octahydrocyclopenta [b] pyridyl, octahydrocyclopenta [b] pyridyl, decacyclopenta [b] Azepinyl, octahdro droindolyl, octahdhi droisoindolyl, dekahi droquinolyl, dekahi droisoquinolyl, dodecahi drobenzo [b] azepinyl, octahdhi dropyro mouth [
- the substitution position of the carboxy group located on the benzene ring forming the quinazoline skeleton is not particularly limited, but is preferably the 6th or 7th position of the quinazoline, with the 7th position being preferred. .
- the “saturated heterocyclic group” in the definition of R 7 in the formula (III) is a 5- to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.
- pyrrolidinyl furanyl, imidazolidinyl, biazolidinyl, oxathiolanyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, terahydrobiranyl, morpholinyl, azepinyl, oxepinyl, diazepinyl group, etc., among which pyrrolidinyl and piperidyl .
- the “aryl group” in the definition of R 7 in the formula (III) includes the groups exemplified in the aromatic carbocyclic group in the definition of Y in the formula (I) and the fragrance in the definition of Y in the formula (I).
- the groups exemplified in the group heterocyclic group are included.
- the “carbocyclic group” includes the aromatic carbocyclic group and the saturated carbocyclic group defined above. Is included.
- the “heterocyclic group” includes the aromatic heterocyclic group and the saturated heterocyclic group defined above. Groups are included.
- the compound of formula (IV) and the compound of formula (V) are, for example, PCT International Publication W02 0 04/0 1 8 4 74 Pamphlet and PCT International Publication WO 03/0 3 7 8 9 9
- a preferred group of active ingredients in the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of the formula (I) when R 1 represents an alkyl group, and particularly preferred is a compound of the formula (I) when R 1 represents a methyl group .
- Another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of the formula (I) when R 2 represents a hydrogen atom.
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of the formula (I) when R 3 represents a group Y—X—, wherein X is CH 2 , S, O or particularly preferred compounds of formula (I) in which represents a NH, inter alia, compounds of formula (I) in which X represents CH 2 are preferred.
- Y may optionally be a halogen atom, a Cie alkyl group, a haloalkyl group containing 1 to 6 halogen atoms, (: an alkoxy group, 1 to 6 Haloalkoxy group containing 1 halogen atom, C- 6 alkylthio group, Cie haloalkylthio group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, alkylenedioxy group, carboxy group, alkoxycarbonyl group, amino group, nitro group And 1 to 3 substituents selected from a phenyl group Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula (I) which represent an aromatic carbocyclic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group which may be substituted.
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment of the present invention are compounds of formula (I) when Z 1 represents O.
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of formula (I) when n is 0.
- R 4 is optionally a halogen atom
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment of the present invention are compounds of formula (I I) when m represents 1.
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of the formula (III) when A 1 represents C and R 5 represents a hydrogen atom.
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment of the present invention is the compound of formula (III) when A 2 represents N.
- Still another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of the formula (III) when A 3 represents C and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom.
- R 7 is optionally a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, (: 6 alkoxy group, Ci- 6 haloalkoxy group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms , a carboxy group, CI- 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, Arukanoiru group, an amino group (wherein, C 6 alkyl group optionally the amino group, C 2 _ 6 alkenyl, C 2 - 6 alkynyl groups, of 1 to 9 Haloalkyl group having a halogen atom, alkanoyl group, carbocyclic group and heterocyclic group, which may be further substituted by 1 to 2 substituents), an amid group, a rubamoyl group, oxo A carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group (wherein the carbocyclic group and the heterocyclic group are optionally further a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a —6 alky
- R 8 is a hydrogen atom;! Or optionally heat Dorokishi group, androgenic atom, C - 6 alkoxy group, a halo alkoxy group having 1 9 halogen atoms A carboxy group, a d-6 alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkanoyl group, an amino group, an amide group, a strong rubamoyl group or an oxo group, and an alkyl group which may be substituted with a compound of formula (III), Among them, the compound of the formula (III) when R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a Ci- 6 alkyl group is preferable.
- Still another group of active ingredients preferred for the treatment agent of the present invention is a compound of the formula (III) in which A 3 represents C and R 9 and R 12 both represent hydrogen atoms.
- R 1 Q is a halogen atom; optionally a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a 16 alkoxy group, or an oral alkoxy group having 19 halogen atoms , a carboxy group, C 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, Arukanoiru group, an amino group (here, the amino group of the alkyl group optionally, C 2 _ 6 alkenyl, C 2 - 6 alkynyl group, a 1 9 halogen atoms Having (which may be further substituted by 12 substituents selected from 6 haloalkyl groups, alkanoyl groups, carbocyclic groups and heterocyclic groups), an amide group, a force rubamoyl group, an oxo group, a carbocycle Shikimoto or heterocyclic group (wherein, by the case carbocyclic and heterocyclic groups are Risorezore further human Dorokishi group, a
- 1-6 may be substituted by an alkoxycarbonyl group, an amino group, an amide group, or a strong rubamoyl group) Amino group optionally substituted by 1 to 2 substituents selected from force or optionally hydroxy group, a halogen atom, CI- 6 alkyl group, C 2 6 alkenyl, C 2 6 alkynyl group, - 6 alkoxy group (wherein the alkyl group, C 2 6 alkenyl, C 2 _ 6 alkynyl and - 6 Each alkoxy group may independently be a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group,
- R 11 has a halogen atom; or optionally a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, or 1 to 9 halogen atoms.
- haloalkoxy group a carboxy group, C 6 alkoxycarbonyl group, Arukanoiru group, an amino group (here, C optionally the Amino group - 6 alkyl group, C 2 - 6 alkenyl group, C 2 - 6 alkynyl group, A haloalkyl group having 1 to 9 halogen atoms, an alkanoyl group, a carbocyclic group and a heterocyclic group, which may be further substituted by 1 to 2 substituents), an amide group, and a power rubamoyl group A group, an oxo group, a carbocyclic group or a heterocyclic group (wherein the carbocyclic group and the heterocyclic group are optionally further a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a —6 alkyl group, a C 2 — 6 alkenyl, C 2 - 6 alkynyl group, d-6 alkoxy group, a carboxy group,
- Yet another group of active ingredients preferred in the treatment of the present invention are compounds of formula (III) when Z 2 represents O.
- preferable compounds as active ingredients in the treatment agent of the present invention include the following.
- 6-(3-Clo-n-benzyl) 1 1.-Cyclopentyl 1 1, 5-Dihydropyrazo 1- [3, 4-d] Pyrimidine 1-thione, etc.
- the compound used as an active ingredient in the treatment agent of the present invention can optionally be in the form of a salt, for example, an alkali metal salt such as sodium salt, potassium salt, lithium salt;
- alkaline earth metal salts such as lucium salt and magnesium salt; salts with organic bases such as triethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, pyrrolidine, morpholine and pyridine; ammonium salts.
- salts with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid; acetic acid, succinic acid, citrate, lactic acid, tartaric acid, p-toluenesulfone
- a salt with an organic acid such as an acid can also be formed.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salts are particularly preferred.
- the compounds of the above formulas (1), (II) and (III) can be produced by the production methods described in the production examples described later or production methods known per se, for example, SYNTHES IS, 1980, 150-151, Biog. Me. d. Chem.
- the treatment agent of the present invention has an excellent PDE 9 inhibitory effect, and diseases involving cGMP degradation by PDE 9, such as overactive bladder, frequent urination, urinary incontinence, dysuria associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, nerve Intrinsic bladder, interstitial cystitis, urolithiasis, prostatic hypertrophy, erectile dysfunction, cognitive impairment, neuropathy, Alzheimer's disease, pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstruction 'lung disease, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, angina It is useful as a drug for the treatment and treatment of cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, embolism, type I diabetes, and type 2 diabetes.
- diseases involving cGMP degradation by PDE 9 such as overactive bladder, frequent urination, urinary incontinence, dysuria associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, nerve Intrinsic bladder, interstitial cystitis, urolithiasis, prostatic hypertrophy,
- the therapeutic agent of the present invention is useful in the treatment or treatment of overactive bladder, frequent urination, urinary incontinence, dysuria associated with benign prostatic hypertrophy and urolithiasis among the above-mentioned diseases. Excellent effect in the treatment or treatment of urination disorders associated with frequent urination, urinary incontinence and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
- Some of the compounds or salts thereof used in the treatment agent of the present invention have a mild PDE 5 inhibitory action in addition to the PDE 9 inhibitory action, and a treatment agent containing such a compound or a salt thereof is It is also expected to have an effect based on its PDE 5 inhibitory action.
- hs P DE 9 A 1 registered in the Gen B ank database (Accession No .: Based on AF048837), Pfu Tu rbo DNA pol using the following sequences (Amersham Fumarcia 'Biotech) as primers and: Human Prot MATCHMAKER c DNA Library (CLONTECH) Using ymerase (STRATAGENE), the hs PD E 9 A1 fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction under the following conditions.
- hPDE9-5A primer CCTAGCTAGCCACCATGGGATCCGGCTCCTCC
- hPDE9-3A primer TTTTCCTTTTGCGGCCGCTTATTAGGCACAGTCTCCTTCACTG PCR conditions: [95. C, 5 min] X 1 cycle, [(95 ° C, 1 min), (58. C, 2 min), (72. C, 3 min)] X25 cycle, [72 ⁇ :, 10 min] X 1 cyde .
- E. coli transformed with the human PDE 9 expression vector were cultured to obtain a large amount of human PDE 9 expression vector, which was then used as a COS-1 cell using LI POF ECTAM I NE 2000 Reagent (GIBC0). Introduced temporarily. The cells were placed in ice-cold buffer A (40 mmol / L Tris riCl pH 7.5, 15 mmolL Benzamidine, 15 mmolL 2-Mercaptoethanol, 1 g / mL Pepstatin A, 1 ug / mL Leupeptin, 5 mmol / L EDTA). Homogenized and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4 C C, 14,000 xg, and the supernatant was collected to obtain a human recombinant PDE 9 protein solution.
- buffer A 40 mmol / L Tris riCl pH 7.5, 15 mmolL Benzamidine, 15 mmolL 2-Mercaptoethanol, 1 g / mL Pe
- PDE 9 protein solution prepared above 50 ⁇ L and PDE 9 protein solution prepared above was added to buffer C (40 mmol / L Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 15 mmolL Benzamidine, 15 mmolL 2-MercaptoethanoI '1 ug / mL Pepstatin A, 1 50 ⁇ L of a solution diluted 1,500 times with pg / mL Leupeptin) was added. This mixed solution was incubated at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then the enzyme reaction of PDE 9 was stopped by heating in boiling water for 90 seconds.
- buffer C 40 mmol / L Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 15 mmolL Benzamidine, 15 mmolL 2-MercaptoethanoI '1 ug / mL Pepstatin A, 1 50 ⁇ L of a solution diluted 1,500 times with pg / mL Leupeptin
- Cation exchange resin Bio-Rad AG50W-X4 resin, mesh size 200-400 activated with 5mo 1 / L hydrochloric acid was passed through a column packed with 1 mL, and unreacted substrate ([ 3 H -cGMP) was eluted and separated, then [ 3 H] -guanosine was eluted with 3 mL of 3 mo 1 ZL aqueous ammonia, and the radioactivity was measured with a liquid scintillation counter.
- the PDE 9 inhibition rate of the evaluation compound can be calculated by the following formula.
- the IC 50 value for PDE 9 of the evaluation compound can be determined from the inhibition rate at various concentrations.
- the inhibition rate or IC 50 value for each test compound is shown in Tables A to C below.
- hs PDE 5 A 1 Based on the base sequence of hs PDE 5 A 1 (Accession No .: NM-001083) registered in the Gen Bank database, the following sequence (SIGMAGENOSYS) is used as a primer, and Human Prostate MATCHMAKER c
- the hs PDE 5 A 1 fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under the following conditions using KDD plus DNA polymerase (TOYOBO) using a DNA library (CLONTECH) as a vertical DNA.
- hPDE5-5 'E primer CGGAATTCCAACCATGGAGCGGGC
- hPDE5-3 'primer: GCTCTAGATCAGTTCCGCTTGGCCTGG
- the obtained hs PDE 5 A 1 fragment was subjected to restriction enzyme treatment with XB a I and Eco RI, followed by pc DNA 3.1 (+) expressionvector (Invitrogen 3 ⁇ 4u ⁇ thread insertion, to obtain a ⁇ PDE 5 expression vector. .
- the PDE 5 inhibitory activity of the evaluation compound was measured by the same method as the measurement of the above PDE 9 inhibitory action, the inhibition rate was calculated, and the IC 50 value for PDE 5 of each compound was determined.
- the results are shown in Tables A to C below together with the inhibitory action on PDE9.
- the compound of Compound No. C-11 in Table C and Table D below is described in PCT International Publication WOO 3ZO 37899 pamphlet disclosing the compound of formula (V). Table A
- catheters for measuring intravesical pressure and intravenous administration were inserted into the apex of the bladder and the right vein, respectively, under anesthesia (1 g kg i.p.) anesthesia.
- anesthesia (1 g kg i.p.) anesthesia.
- the injection of physiological saline into the bladder was stopped.
- the intravesical pressure when the micturition reflex occurred was measured with a compression transducer, and the resulting intravesical pressure curve was recorded on a pen recorder.
- the discharged urine was collected using a disposable type pan and the weight was measured. Furthermore, the amount of residual urine was measured by aspirating the physiological saline remaining in the bladder with a syringe through a bladder catheter.
- the micturition reflex occurs, stop the saline injection, and about 1 minute later, start the physiological saline injection again and trigger the micturition reflex multiple times (generally 4 times), This stabilized the micturition reflex.
- the compound solution (the compound or its methanesulfonate dissolved in DMSO and then diluted with physiological saline or distilled water) or physiological saline in a volume of 1 O m LZ kg
- the above-described micturition reflex operation was repeated from the start of administration until 30 minutes later, and the intravesical pressure, micturition volume and residual urine volume were measured.
- the frequency of occurrence of uninhibited contraction during the above operation was also measured. Table D below shows the average frequency of uninhibited contraction and the amount of residual urine in experiments using several guinea pigs.
- the compounds used in the treatment agents of the present invention also have a significant lowering effect on residual urine volume.
- the treatment agent of the present invention can be used as a drug having a PDE 9 inhibitory action, or as a drug having a PDE 9 inhibitory action having a mild PDE 5 inhibitory action, in humans and other mammals.
- it can be administered orally or parenterally (eg, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, rectal administration, transdermal administration, etc.).
- inhibition of P D E 5 relaxes the urethra, if the compound also has a mild P D E 5 inhibitory effect, it can be expected to reduce the residual urine volume.
- the drug of the present invention is in a solid form (eg, tablet, hard capsule, soft capsule, granule, powder, fine granule, pill, troche tablet, etc.), semi-solid form (eg, tablet, hard capsule, soft capsule, etc.) Suppositories, ointments, etc.) or liquid forms (eg injections, emulsions, suspensions, lotions, sprays, etc.) It can be prepared and used.
- a solid form eg, tablet, hard capsule, soft capsule, granule, powder, fine granule, pill, troche tablet, etc.
- semi-solid form eg, tablet, hard capsule, soft capsule, etc.
- liquid forms eg injections, emulsions, suspensions, lotions, sprays, etc.
- Non-toxic additives that can be used in the above preparation include, for example, starch, gelatin, glucose, lactose, fructose, maltose, magnesium carbonate, talc, magnesium stearate, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or salts thereof, gum arabic, polyethylene N-glycolanol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl ester, syrup, ethanol, propylene glycol, petrolatum, carbowax, glycerin, sodium chloride, sodium sulfite, sodium phosphate, citrate and the like.
- the agent can also contain other therapeutically useful agents.
- the content of the compound of formula (1), (I 1), (II 1), (IV) or (V) in the drug varies depending on the dosage form, dosage form, etc. In the solid and semi-solid form, it can be contained at a concentration of 0.1 to 50% by weight, and in the liquid form at a concentration of 0.05 to 10% by weight.
- the dose of the compound of the formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (V) in the medicament of the present invention depends on the kind of warm-blooded animal including the subject human, the subject and Type of disease to be administered, route of administration, severity of symptoms, ability to vary widely depending on doctor's diagnosis, etc.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2007332439A AU2007332439A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-12-12 | Therapeutic agent for urinary tract disease |
US12/448,217 US20100113484A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-12-12 | Treating agent of uropathy |
JP2008549396A JPWO2008072778A1 (ja) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-12-12 | 尿路系疾患の処置剤 |
CA002672591A CA2672591A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-12-12 | Treating agent of uropathy |
EP07859850A EP2123301A4 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-12-12 | USE OF A THERAPEUTIC AGENT IN DISEASES OF THE URINARY TRACT |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2006-336217 | 2006-12-13 | ||
JP2006336217 | 2006-12-13 |
Publications (1)
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WO2008072778A1 true WO2008072778A1 (ja) | 2008-06-19 |
Family
ID=39511781
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PCT/JP2007/074361 WO2008072778A1 (ja) | 2006-12-13 | 2007-12-12 | 尿路系疾患の処置剤 |
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US (1) | US20100113484A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2123301A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2008072778A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20090097918A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101557826A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2007332439A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2672591A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008072778A1 (ja) |
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WO2012033101A1 (ja) | 2010-09-07 | 2012-03-15 | アステラス製薬株式会社 | キノキサリン化合物 |
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JP2012519653A (ja) * | 2009-03-05 | 2012-08-30 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | Cdc7キナーゼ阻害剤としてのチエノピリミジン |
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JP2021526134A (ja) | 2018-05-25 | 2021-09-30 | イマラ インク. | 6−[(3S,4S)−4−メチル−l−(ピリミジン−2−イルメチル)ピロリジン−3−イル]−3−テトラヒドロピラン−4−イル−7H−イミダゾ[l,5−A]ピラジン−8−オンの一水和物および結晶形態 |
WO2020186187A1 (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-17 | University Of Pittsburgh - Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Methods for treating bladder and urethra dysfunction and disease |
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KR101860583B1 (ko) | 2010-09-07 | 2018-05-23 | 아스텔라스세이야쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 피라졸로퀴놀린 화합물 |
CN103097393A (zh) * | 2010-09-07 | 2013-05-08 | 安斯泰来制药株式会社 | 喹喔啉化合物 |
EA023493B1 (ru) * | 2010-09-07 | 2016-06-30 | Астеллас Фарма Инк. | Производное пиразолохинолина |
CN104557938B (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-08-29 | 中山大学 | 一类N‑取代吡唑并[3,4‑d]嘧啶酮类化合物及其应用 |
CN104557938A (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-04-29 | 中山大学 | 一类N-取代吡唑并[3,4-d]嘧啶酮类化合物及其应用 |
US11147803B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2021-10-19 | Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd. | Dementia therapeutic agent combining pyrazoloquinoline derivative and memantine |
US11311530B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2022-04-26 | Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd. | Lewy body disease therapeutic agent containing pyrazoloquinoline derivative |
US11484502B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2022-11-01 | Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd. | Pharmaceutical composition comprising PDE9 inhibitor |
US11833146B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2023-12-05 | Eisai R&D Management Co., Ltd. | Dementia therapeutic agent combining pyrazoloquinoline derivative and donepezil |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2008072778A1 (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
EP2123301A1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
US20100113484A1 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
CA2672591A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
CN101557826A (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
AU2007332439A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
KR20090097918A (ko) | 2009-09-16 |
EP2123301A4 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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