WO2008069325A1 - 半導体記憶装置および半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体記憶装置および半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008069325A1 WO2008069325A1 PCT/JP2007/073726 JP2007073726W WO2008069325A1 WO 2008069325 A1 WO2008069325 A1 WO 2008069325A1 JP 2007073726 W JP2007073726 W JP 2007073726W WO 2008069325 A1 WO2008069325 A1 WO 2008069325A1
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- insulating film
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 238
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 166
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 5
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- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/788—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with floating gate
- H01L29/7887—Programmable transistors with more than two possible different levels of programmation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/401—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/4011—Multistep manufacturing processes for data storage electrodes
- H01L29/40114—Multistep manufacturing processes for data storage electrodes the electrodes comprising a conductor-insulator-conductor-insulator-semiconductor structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/401—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/4011—Multistep manufacturing processes for data storage electrodes
- H01L29/40117—Multistep manufacturing processes for data storage electrodes the electrodes comprising a charge-trapping insulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/41—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
- H01L29/423—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/42312—Gate electrodes for field effect devices
- H01L29/42316—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors
- H01L29/4232—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/42324—Gate electrodes for transistors with a floating gate
- H01L29/42328—Gate electrodes for transistors with a floating gate with at least one additional gate other than the floating gate and the control gate, e.g. program gate, erase gate or select gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/41—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
- H01L29/423—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/42312—Gate electrodes for field effect devices
- H01L29/42316—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors
- H01L29/4232—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/42324—Gate electrodes for transistors with a floating gate
- H01L29/42332—Gate electrodes for transistors with a floating gate with the floating gate formed by two or more non connected parts, e.g. multi-particles flating gate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/792—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate with charge trapping gate insulator, e.g. MNOS-memory transistors
- H01L29/7923—Programmable transistors with more than two possible different levels of programmation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device and a semiconductor device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device capable of holding information by trapping electric charges at a trap level in a gate insulating film, and a mixed mounting thereof. The present invention relates to a semiconductor device.
- Flash memory which is a typical example of non-volatile memory, mainly uses floating gates, but it is said that it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the tunnel gate oxide film and is approaching the limit of miniaturization. It is said that.
- EOT equivalent oxide thickness
- a trap type semiconductor memory device forms an insulating film having a trap level on a tunnel gate oxide film formed on a semiconductor substrate, and traps electric charges at the trap level existing in the insulating film. Store information.
- Typical examples of trap-type semiconductor memory devices that use trap levels in the insulating film as storage nodes include MNOS (Metal—Nitride—Oxide—Semiconductor) memory and MONOS (Met al-Oxide—Nitride—Oxide—Semiconductor). ) Memory.
- MNOS memory and MONOS memory a silicon nitride film (N) is used as an insulating film having a trap level.
- N silicon nitride film
- a silicon nitride film that serves as a trap-containing layer of a trap-type semiconductor memory device is usually 4 nm. It is recommended to use a thickness of 1 Torr or more. However, the thickness of this silicon nitride film also acts as a limiting factor for EOT thinning. In addition, the force S, which is moving to use high-k materials instead of silicon nitride films, and the thickness of high-k films also act as limiting factors for EOT thinning. In addition, MNOS memory and MONOS memory have a problem with long-term retention characteristics at high temperatures (150 degrees Celsius) because carriers tend to move laterally when the trap density is high.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor memory device disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-055969 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-222875.
- the nanocrystal type semiconductor memory device 50 includes an impurity diffusion layer 52, 53 that becomes a source / drain region formed in a surface region of a silicon substrate 51, and a silicon oxide film on a channel region between the impurity diffusion layers 52, 53. And a gate electrode 56 made of polysilicon, for example. In the silicon oxide film 55, nanocrystals 54 made of tantasten or the like as a charge storage layer are embedded.
- the semiconductor memory device 50 has an MIS type transistor structure sandwiched between a silicon substrate 51 and a gate electrode 56.
- the insulating structure is composed of a silicon oxide film 55 in which a nanocrystal 54 is embedded. .
- a write operation using a channel hot electron (CHE) in the nanocrystal semiconductor memory device shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
- Writing by CHE injection is performed by applying a voltage higher than a specific voltage between the impurity diffusion layers 52 and 52 (between the source and drain), and further applying a voltage higher than a specific voltage to the gate electrode 56.
- the source (52) is grounded, a voltage of 3V or higher is applied to the drain (53), and a voltage of 4V or higher is applied to the gate electrode 56.
- the erase operation is performed by injecting hot holes generated in the vicinity of the impurity diffusion layer 52 or 53 by the band-to-band tunneling into the nanocrystal 54 to neutralize the accumulated electrons.
- a hot hole is generated by applying a voltage higher than a specific voltage between the source and drain, and applying a voltage higher than a specific voltage in absolute value to the gate electrode 56.
- the source is grounded, a voltage of 3 V or higher is applied to the drain, and a voltage of ⁇ 4 V or lower is applied to the gate electrode 56.
- the above-described operation method is based on an n-type nanocrystal semiconductor memory device in which the silicon substrate 51 is p-type and the impurity diffusion layers 52 and 53 are source / drain regions, and the n-type nanocrystalline semiconductor memory device is n. Even in the p-type nanocrystal semiconductor memory device in which the impurity diffusion layers 52 and 53 are made p-type, the roles of electrons and holes can be exchanged.
- the present inventors are engaged in research and development of semiconductor memory devices, and are conducting various studies on improving the performance of semiconductor memory devices.
- research on MONOS-type semiconductor memory devices has been especially focused.
- EOT thinning which increases the read current of memory cells, is important for increasing the reading speed
- EOT thinning technology especially a trap memory structure with nanocrystals
- the size of the nanocrystal is usually 3 nanometers or more, which is more than half the thickness of the tunnel oxide film and the upper oxide film. Therefore, unevenness is generated in the oxide film around the nanocrystal. Furthermore, due to the concentration of the electric field due to the shape of the nanotalister, it has become necessary to increase the thickness of the oxide film in order to ensure the reliability of the memory cell. With the conventional technologies described above, it is difficult to produce a flash memory with a thin EOT layer, and a trap memory having a trap film formed by a new method is necessary to increase the read current of the flash memory cell. It was.
- the semiconductor memory device clarified in the present invention solves the problem that has been clarified after manufacturing the above-described conventional nanocrystalline semiconductor memory device.
- An object of the present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device capable of holding information by trapping electric charges in a trap in a gate insulating film, when holding 2-bit information at a high temperature in a conventional element structure.
- the object is to provide a structure for improving the information holding capability by suppressing the lateral diffusion of charges, which has been a cause of the loss of stored information, and for realizing low-cost and high-speed reading.
- the semiconductor memory device clarified in the present invention is a semiconductor memory device that performs a memory operation by capturing electric charge in the gate insulating film, and the gate insulating film includes oxygen in the insulating film. And a first insulating film containing a discrete first impurity at an atomic level that is easy to form a bond.
- the semiconductor memory device clarified in the present invention is a semiconductor memory device that performs a memory operation by capturing charges in a gate insulating film, and is formed in a semiconductor substrate and the semiconductor substrate.
- the gate insulating film includes a first insulating film containing a discrete first impurity at an atomic level that easily forms a bond with oxygen in the insulating film.
- a semiconductor substrate, first and second impurity diffusion layers formed in the semiconductor substrate, and the semiconductor substrate A gate insulating film formed, and a first gate electrode formed on the semiconductor substrate via the gate insulating film, the gate insulating film easily forming a bond with oxygen in the insulating film.
- the concentration of the first charge trapping site that is more formed on impurity is LxlO less than 12 / cm 2 or more LxlO 14 pieces / cm 2 It is characterized by that.
- the semiconductor memory device clarified in the present invention is characterized in that the first impurity which is easy to form a bond with the oxygen of the silicon oxide film and is discrete at the atomic level is a metal.
- the amount of the first impurity added is less than the monoatomic layer in terms of the thickness of the metal layer.
- the semiconductor memory device clarified in the present invention is characterized in that the first impurity which is easy to form a bond with the oxygen of the silicon oxide film and is discrete at the atomic level is titanium.
- the second impurity is
- the first insulating film, or the first insulating film and the second insulating film are silicon oxide films. It is a feature.
- Al O, SiN or SiON is provided on the first insulating film or the second insulating film.
- the semiconductor memory device according to the present invention as described above can be sufficiently realized using the current integrated circuit formation technique, and a semiconductor memory device can be manufactured as long as it has a conventional integrated circuit formation technology. Can be done without problems. Realization of 2-bit operation compared to conventional MNOS and MONOS memories by forming a semiconductor memory device clarified by the present invention Therefore, it becomes possible to manufacture a semiconductor memory device that can sufficiently retain locally written charges.
- the conventional element structure is capable of holding at high temperature. It became prominent! /, It was possible to suppress the lateral diffusion, and to retain the charge that was written locally, and realized 2-bit operation. Furthermore, the structure clarified in the present invention can significantly reduce the cost of device fabrication and realize high-speed reading.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a conventional semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 Comparison of the in-plane arrangement of nanocrystals (A) in the conventional semiconductor memory device and the in-plane arrangement of discrete impurities (B) at the atomic level in the semiconductor memory device of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the method of manufacturing the semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a write characteristic (A) of the semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention and a write characteristic (B) of a conventional semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing retention characteristics at 150 ° C. between the semiconductor memory device according to the first embodiment of the present invention and a conventional example.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the method of manufacturing the semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the structure of a semiconductor memory device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a structure of a semiconductor memory device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a structure of a semiconductor memory device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the structure of a semiconductor memory device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the inventors of the present invention have repeatedly studied semiconductor memory devices for solving the above problems. Before showing the present embodiment, the matters that the present inventors have examined in advance will be described. Note that the charge that can be stored in a MONOS semiconductor memory device as described above can be an electron or a hole. Here, the discussion is based on the assumption that the charge is stored in an electron. Even when holes are used as stored charges, the present invention clearly It is clear that the same effect can be obtained with the structure.
- the semiconductor memory device 10 includes a semiconductor substrate 11, a first impurity diffusion layer 12 and a second impurity diffusion layer 13 formed in the semiconductor substrate 11, and a semiconductor substrate 11.
- the silicon oxide film 14 that easily forms bonds with oxygen constituting the gate insulating film 15 and contains discrete impurities at the atomic level is replaced by a discrete impurity at atomic level that easily forms bonds with oxygen.
- An oxide film such as a silicon oxynitride film containing aluminum, an aluminum film, an aluminum silicate film, or a hafium silicate film may be used.
- a silicon oxynitride film or a metal silicate film it is preferable to use a film having a composition with a large band gap. Specifically, a composition having 5 electron volts or more is preferable.
- the charge accumulated in the silicon oxide film 14 is not separated from the silicon oxide film! /, Any insulating material that can serve as a potential barrier can be used.
- the gate insulating film 15 contains an oxide film that easily forms bonds with oxygen in the oxide film and contains discrete impurities at the atomic level, and it is easy to form bonds with oxygen in the oxide film.
- the material of the gate insulating film 15 that sandwiches an oxide film containing discrete impurities at the atomic level is a silicon oxide film, a high dielectric constant insulating film, or a combination thereof. Can be used.
- FIG. 3A shows a top view and a cross-sectional view of a charge storage layer in a semiconductor memory device using a conventional nanocrystal as a charge storage layer
- FIG. 3B clearly shows the present invention.
- the top view and cross-sectional view of the charge storage layer in the semiconductor memory device to be manufactured are shown.
- the density of nanocrystals in FIG. 3 (A) and FIG. 3 (B) The impurity concentrations in are the same.
- Figure 3 (A) shows! / In Fig. 3 (B), however, the amount of charge that can be captured is the same, and the amount of change in the threshold voltage is the same.
- the difference between the nanocrystal arrangement period and the nanocrystal diameter is the distance between the nanocrystals (in the figure).
- the distance at which atomic level impurities are arranged becomes the distance between impurities (distance B in the figure). .
- the distance between the sites for capturing charges can be increased by the diameter of the nanocrystal while having the same charge trapping capability.
- the frequency of charge exchange between the capture sites decreases as the distance between the capture sites increases.
- the inventors need to use an element that can form a bond with oxygen of the silicon oxide film as an element to be added to the silicon oxide film. I just thought it was. By forming a bond with oxygen of the silicon oxide film, it adheres to the silicon oxide film without agglomeration at the atomic level, and the discrete charge trapping sites intended by the present invention can be formed. As a result of further studies, the use of metals such as titanium, zirconium, and hafnium as elements that easily form bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film improves the discreteness and improves the retention characteristics. It has been understood that.
- the thickness of the metal film is preferably less than a monoatomic layer, or less than 2 angstroms. More preferably, it is less than 0.5 atomic layer or less than 1 angstrom.
- discrete charge trapping sites can be formed at the atomic level in the silicon oxide film.
- an element that easily forms a bond with oxygen in the silicon oxide film it is possible to achieve discreteness at the atomic level. From the above, it is possible to suppress the exchange of charges between the charge trapping sites and to suppress the loss of 2-bit information in the high temperature holding state.
- the absolute amount of impurities added to the oxide film can be greatly reduced, so that it is easy to improve the quality of the silicon oxide film around the impurities.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a method for manufacturing the semiconductor memory device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the semiconductor memory device 10 includes a semiconductor substrate 11, a first impurity diffusion layer 12 and a second impurity diffusion layer 13 formed in the semiconductor substrate 11, and a silicon oxide film.
- the silicon oxide film 14 containing discrete impurities at the atomic level is easy to form bonds with oxygen of the gate insulating film part 15a and the gate insulating film part 15b.
- a gate insulating film 15 formed on the semiconductor substrate 11 included therein and a first gate electrode 16 formed on the semiconductor substrate 11 via the gate insulating film 15 are provided.
- parts 15a and 15b of the gate insulating film 15 other than the silicon oxide film 14 that contains discrete impurities at the atomic level that easily form bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film are not formed on the silicon oxide film.
- the insulating material can be used as long as it is a potential barrier for preventing the charge accumulated in the silicon oxide film 14 containing discrete impurities at the atomic level from being released.
- the gate insulating film 15 includes a silicon oxide film 14 that easily forms a bond with oxygen of the silicon oxide film and contains discrete impurities at the atomic level.
- the material of the gate insulating film 15 that sandwiches the silicon oxide film 14 containing the discrete impurities at the atomic level, which can easily form a bond can be a silicon oxide film, a high dielectric constant insulating film, or a combination thereof.
- the semiconductor substrate 11 is prepared by a method well known by a conventional integrated circuit manufacturing method.
- silicon, silicon “on” insulator, or the like is suitable.
- a part 15a of the gate insulating film is formed on the semiconductor substrate 11 by a well-known method [FIG. 4 (A)].
- a silicon-on-insulator is used for the semiconductor substrate 11, a silicon oxide film formed by thermally oxidizing the semiconductor substrate 11 is suitable as a part 15a of the gate insulating film.
- a film having a larger band gap is preferable. Specifically, those having 5 electron volts or more are preferred, such as alumina. In the case of alumina, a chemical vapor deposition method using raw material gas is suitable. In addition, a laminated structure of the above-described silicon oxide film or high dielectric constant insulating film was also possible.
- the film thickness of part 15a of the gate insulating film should be 4 nanometers or more.
- a silicon oxide film 14 containing discrete impurities at an atomic level that easily forms bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film is formed.
- impurities are deposited directly on the silicon oxide film in a vacuum chamber.
- a thin silicon oxide film is first deposited, and then impurities are deposited in a vacuum chamber.
- a thin silicon oxide film for example, Film formation methods such as vapor phase chemical growth using monosilane gas or NO gas are suitable.
- a thickness of about 0.2 to 1.5 nanometers was sufficient.
- a method that can control the amount of deposited impurities such as vacuum evaporation and sputtering, was suitable.
- the deposited impurities were distributed in the silicon oxide film at a depth of about 0.2 to 1.5 nanometers.
- the force S and impurities depending on the element to be deposited are preferably those that can exist discretely on the silicon oxide film, and the results are particularly good for metals. Among metals, it was found that titanium, zirconium, and hafnium showed good discreteness.
- the density of charge trapping sites are formed by the impurities, were adjusted to a 12 / cm 2 or more 1x10 1 less than 4 / cm 2 LxlO. For example, when titanium is used, the density of charge trapping sites is about 7xl0 12 pieces / cm 2 when the deposition amount is set to 0.4 angstrom.
- a silicon oxide film 14 containing discrete impurities at an atomic level that can easily form bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film was formed [FIG. 4B].
- a part 15b of the gate insulating film and a gate electrode material layer 16a are formed on the silicon oxide film 14 containing discrete impurities at the atomic level (FIG. 4C).
- the part 15b of the gate insulating film has a thickness of 5 nanometers or more, it is sufficient as a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- silicon oxide film vapor phase chemical growth method using monosilane gas or N 2 O gas
- the film forming method such as was suitable.
- a silicon oxynitride film or a high dielectric constant insulating film to which a small amount of nitrogen is added can be used.
- a film having a larger band gap is preferable.
- those having 5 electron volts or more are preferable, and for example, alumina is preferable.
- a chemical vapor deposition method using a raw material gas is suitable.
- a laminated structure of the above-described silicon oxide film or high dielectric constant insulating film was possible.
- a metal or metal silicide formed by a polysilicon sputtering method or the like formed by monosilane gas is suitable, and a film thickness of 50 nanometers or more is sufficient. .
- a photoresist 17 was formed on the gate electrode material layer 16a [FIG. 4 (D)]. Photoresist 17 was exposed by optical exposure using a normal mask, and a photoresist 17 ′ having a desired gate pattern was formed by performing development processing [FIG. 4 (E)].
- a part of the gate insulating film 15a formed on the silicon substrate 11, a silicon oxide film 14 containing impurities, and a part 15b of the gate insulating film are formed.
- the gate insulating film 15 and the gate electrode material layer 16a formed on the silicon substrate 11 through the gate insulating film 15 were processed.
- dry etching or wet etching is optimal.
- a gate insulating film 15 comprising a gate insulating film portion 15a formed on the silicon substrate 11, a silicon oxide film 14 containing impurities, and a gate insulating film portion 15b in a gate pattern.
- the first gate electrode 16 was formed on the silicon substrate 11 through the gate insulating film 15 [FIG. 4 (F)].
- a gate insulating film 15 composed of a part 15a of the processed gate insulating film, a silicon oxide film 14 containing impurities, and a part 15b of the gate insulating film, and the silicon substrate 11 on the gate insulating film 15 via the gate insulating film 15
- the first impurity diffusion layer 12 and the second impurity diffusion layer 13 are formed in the semiconductor substrate 11 by performing ion implantation on the first gate electrode 16 formed in FIG. 4 (G). ].
- the drain voltage is set to 4V
- the source voltage is set to 0V
- CHE writing is performed at the gate voltage of 6V.
- the threshold voltage of the semiconductor memory device 10 changed as shown in FIG. 5 (A). It can be seen that the reverse 'lead threshold voltage (black circle) changes first, and the forward' read threshold voltage (white circle) starts increasing after a delay. Thus, it was shown that local writing is possible in the semiconductor memory device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the write characteristics (threshold voltage change vs.
- the threshold voltage of the write cell changes almost as shown by a black circle in FIG. A powerful force.
- the threshold value of the writing cell is remarkably lowered as shown by the black triangle in FIG. Examining the details, the threshold drop in nanocrystals is accompanied by the lateral diffusion of charges, and the retention at 150 degrees Celsius with the inclusion of discrete impurities at the atomic level is the lateral direction of the charges. It was a component that was due to diffusion suppression.
- the semiconductor memory device 10 according to the first embodiment which has power to the present invention, has a sufficient holding force at 150 degrees Celsius compared to the nanocrystalline semiconductor memory device.
- the film quality of the surrounding oxide film in which impurities are present It has been found as an effect that the effect on the surface is much less than when conventional nanocrystals are used. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the silicon oxide film 15b formed on top of the silicon oxide film 14 containing discrete impurities at the atomic level, which can easily form bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film. .
- the silicon oxide film 15b up to 5 nanometers is obtained in the semiconductor memory device 10 according to the first embodiment, which has the power S, which is inadequate even with the 10 nanometer silicon oxide film 15b. Can be made thinner, realizing high on-state current and high-speed readout.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a method for manufacturing the semiconductor memory device 20 according to the second embodiment, which is particularly useful for the present invention.
- the semiconductor memory device 20 includes a semiconductor substrate 21, a first impurity diffusion layer 22 and a second impurity diffusion formed in the semiconductor substrate 21.
- the gate insulating film 25 other than the silicon oxide film 24 containing discrete first impurities at the atomic level and the second silicon oxide film 28 containing second impurities different from the first impurities formed thereon.
- Part of the gate insulating film 25a and 25b that constitutes the silicon oxide film 24 is not limited to the silicon oxide film, and is easily accumulated in the silicon oxide film 24 containing discrete impurities at an atomic level that easily forms bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film. Any insulating material can be used as long as it can serve as a potential barrier for preventing the released charge from being released.
- the gate insulating film 25 includes a silicon oxide film 24 containing discrete first impurities and a second silicon oxide film 28 containing second impurities different from the first impurities formed thereon.
- the material of 25a and 25b can be a silicon oxide film, a high dielectric constant insulating film, or a combination thereof.
- a semiconductor substrate 21 is prepared by a method well known by a conventional integrated circuit manufacturing method.
- silicon, silicon “on” insulator, or the like is suitable for the semiconductor substrate 21 .
- a part 25a of the gate insulating film is formed on the semiconductor substrate 21 by a well-known method [FIG. 7 (A)].
- silicon is used as the semiconductor substrate 21, a silicon oxide film formed by thermally oxidizing the semiconductor substrate 21 is suitable as a part 25 a of the gate insulating film.
- a film having a larger band gap is preferable.
- alumina those having 5 electron volts or more are preferred, such as alumina.
- a chemical vapor deposition method using raw material gas is suitable.
- a laminated structure of the above-described silicon oxide film or high dielectric constant insulating film was also possible.
- the thickness of part 25a of the gate insulating film is 4 nm. I should have made it more than 1 Torr.
- a silicon oxide film 24 containing a first impurity that is discrete at the atomic level and easily forms a bond with oxygen of the silicon oxide film is formed.
- the first impurity is deposited directly in the vacuum chamber on the silicon oxide film.
- the part 25a of the gate insulating film is other than the silicon oxide film, a thin silicon oxide film is first deposited, and then the first impurity is deposited in the vacuum chamber.
- a thin silicon oxide film can be formed, for example, by vapor deposition using monosilane gas or N 2 O gas.
- a film thickness of about 0.2 to 1.5 nanometers was sufficient.
- a method that can control the amount of impurity deposition, such as vacuum evaporation, is suitable.
- the deposited first impurity was distributed in the silicon oxide film in a range of about 0.2 to 1.5 nanometers in depth.
- the first impurity is preferably one that can exist discretely on the silicon oxide film, and the result is particularly good for metals. Among the metals, it was found that when titanium, zirconium and nofnium were used, good discreteness was exhibited.
- the density of charge trapping sites are formed by the first impurity was adjusted to a 12 / cm 2 or more LxlO less than 14 / cm 2 LxlO. For example, when titanium is used, the density of charge trapping sites is about 7xl0 12 / cm 2 when the deposition amount is set to 0.4 angstrom.
- a silicon oxide film 24 containing discrete first impurities at an atomic level, which is easy to form a bond with oxygen of the silicon oxide film was formed [FIG. 6B].
- a second silicon oxide film 28 containing a second impurity different from the first impurity is deposited on the silicon oxide film 24 containing the first impurity.
- the concentration of nitrogen may be, for example, about 0.1% for 0.1 force.
- the thickness of the second silicon oxide film 28 containing the second impurity may be about 0.5 to 2 nanometers.
- the deposition of the second silicon oxide film 28 includes a method of first forming a silicon oxide film and then introducing the second impurity, and a method of directly forming a silicon oxide film containing the second impurity. there were. In the former, monosilane gas or NO gas is used.
- the chemical vapor deposition method, the vapor chemical growth method using a gas such as TEOS, and the sputtering method using a silicon oxide film as the target are conceivable.
- the second impurity is nitrogen
- nitrogen can be introduced by a method of heat treatment in an ammonia gas atmosphere or exposure to nitrogen plasma. The law, etc. was good.
- a sputtering method or the like was suitable.
- An upper portion of a two-layer structure comprising a silicon oxide film 24 containing discrete first impurities and a second silicon oxide film 28 containing second impurities formed thereon is provided on one of the gate insulating films.
- the portion 25b and the gate electrode material layer 26a are formed [FIG. 7C].
- the part 25b of the gate insulating film is 5 nanometers or more, it is sufficient as a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device.
- silicon oxide film vapor phase chemical growth using monosilane gas or N 2 O gas
- the film forming method such as the method was suitable.
- a silicon oxynitride film or a high dielectric constant insulating film to which a small amount of nitrogen is added.
- a film having a larger band gap is preferable.
- those having 5 electron volts or more are preferred, such as alumina.
- a chemical vapor deposition method using a raw material gas is suitable.
- a laminated structure of the above-described silicon oxide film or high dielectric constant insulating film was possible.
- a metal or metal silicide formed by polysilicon sputtering using monosilane gas is suitable, and a film thickness of 50 nanometers or more is sufficient.
- a photoresist 27 is formed on the gate electrode material layer 26a in order to process the gate insulating film 25 composed of 25b and the gate electrode material layer 26a formed on the silicon substrate 21 through the gate insulating film 25.
- the photoresist 27 was exposed by optical exposure using a normal mask, and a photoresist 27 ′ having a desired gate pattern was formed by developing (FIG. 6E).
- etching dry etching or wet etching is optimal.
- the threshold voltage of the write cell hardly changed.
- the threshold value of the write cell is remarkably reduced. Therefore, it was found that if the silicon oxide film contains discrete impurities at the atomic level, the written information can be read sufficiently even after 10 years. Therefore, it was shown that the semiconductor memory device 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a sufficient holding force at 150 degrees Celsius.
- the semiconductor memory device 20 according to the second embodiment which is effective in the present invention, since the amount of the first impurity added is a very small amount at the atomic level, the peripheral oxide film in which the first impurity exists is present. The effect on the film quality was found to be much less than when using conventional nanocrystals. It was also found that the formation of the second silicon oxide film 28 containing the second impurity further reduces the influence of the first impurity on the surrounding oxide film quality. This makes it easy to form bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film, and the silicon oxide film 24 containing the first impurity discrete at the atomic level and the second impurity containing the second impurity different from the first impurity formed thereon.
- FIG. 8 is a structural sectional view showing a semiconductor memory device 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the silicon oxide film 34 that contains atoms and discrete impurities that easily form bonds with oxygen in the silicon oxide film is described only in the case where the entire gate insulating film is formed of a silicon oxide film. It may be due to other gate insulating film structure. The same applies to the following embodiments.
- the semiconductor memory device 30 is formed on the semiconductor substrate 31, the first impurity diffusion layer 32 and the second impurity diffusion layer 33 formed in the semiconductor substrate 31, and the semiconductor substrate 31. And a first gate electrode 36 formed on the semiconductor substrate 31 via the gate insulating film.
- the first gate electrode 36 forms a bond with a part 35a of the gate insulating film formed of the silicon oxide film and an oxygen of the silicon oxide film formed on the part 35a of the gate insulating film.
- Gate insulation having a silicon oxide film 34 containing impurities easily separated at an atomic level and a part 35b of a gate insulating film formed by the silicon oxide film 34 formed on the silicon oxide film 34 containing impurities
- a second gate insulating film 39 that does not have the silicon oxide film 34 containing discrete impurities at the atomic level, and has the silicon oxide film 34 containing discrete impurities.
- the silicon oxide film is formed on one side of the source / drain region, and the second gate insulating film 39 is formed on the other side.
- FIG. 9 is a structural sectional view showing a semiconductor memory device 30 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the first gate electrode 36 includes a gate insulating film having a silicon oxide film 34 that easily forms bonds with oxygen of the silicon oxide film and includes discrete impurities at an atomic level, and discrete impurities.
- the gate insulating film having the silicon oxide film 34 containing impurities is formed so as to straddle the second gate insulating film 39 not containing the silicon oxide film contained therein. Near the impurity diffusion layer 33, the second gate insulating film 39 is formed in the center of the channel region. ing.
- FIG. 10 is a structural sectional view showing a semiconductor memory device 30 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 10, parts that are the same as the parts in FIG. 8 showing the third embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
- a first gate electrode 36 and a second gate electrode 36 ′ are provided on the semiconductor substrate 31, and the first gate electrode 36 is easy to form a bond with oxygen of the silicon oxide film at the atomic level.
- the second gate electrode 36 ′ is formed on the second gate insulating film 39 that does not have the silicon oxide film containing discrete impurities, and is formed on the gate insulating film having the silicon oxide film 34 containing discrete impurities. Is formed.
- the second gate electrode 36 ′ is formed such that a part thereof is placed on the first gate electrode 36.
- the first gate electrode 36 and the second gate electrode 36 ′ are insulated from each other by an insulating film 41, and a sidewall insulating film 40 is formed on the side surface of the first gate electrode 36.
- FIG. 10 is a structural sectional view showing a semiconductor memory device 30 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the second gate electrode 36 ′ is formed on the second gate insulating film 39 that does not have a silicon oxide film containing discrete impurities at the atomic level, and the first gate is formed on both sides thereof.
- An electrode 36 is formed on the gate insulating film having a silicon oxide film 34 that easily forms bonds with oxygen of the silicon oxide film and contains discrete impurities at the atomic level.
- the sidewall insulating film 40 between the first gate electrode 36 and the second gate electrode 36 ′ may include a silicon oxide film 34 containing discrete impurities.
- a more preferable form is a form in which impurities contained in the sidewall insulating film 40 are suppressed or eliminated.
- a directional sputtering may be used so that impurities are included only in the bottom surface of the silicon oxide film.
- the above-described semiconductor memory devices according to the third to sixth embodiments which have the power of the present invention, have a charge compared to the conventional MONOS type semiconductor memory device using nanocrystals. As a result, it was possible to realize a semiconductor memory device in which lateral diffusion of the semiconductor was sufficiently suppressed and excellent in high temperature holding power.
- the semiconductor memory devices of the first to sixth embodiments according to the present invention are arranged on a matrix to constitute a memory array.
- This memory array can be mixed with logic circuits or logic and other memories (DRAM, SRAM, etc.), and can also be used for non-volatile memory ICs.
- DRAM logic circuits or logic and other memories
- non-volatile memory ICs For use as a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device that operates at a high temperature, it is easy to form a bond with oxygen in the silicon oxide film, which is a charge storage layer, on both sides of the silicon oxide film containing discrete impurities at the atomic level.
- the thickness of the existing gate insulating film or silicon oxide film is preferably 4 nanometers or more.
- a non-volatile semiconductor memory device that operates at a temperature of about 85 degrees, or a new type of semiconductor memory that is not non-volatile but can be written and erased at high speed, and its retention is longer than conventional DRAM.
- the thickness of the gate insulating film or silicon oxide film could be less than 4 nanometers.
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device capable of holding information by trapping electric charges at a trap level in a gate insulating film and a semiconductor device in which the semiconductor memory device is mixedly mounted. It can be applied and is not limited in any way of its use.
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Abstract
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US12/518,148 US20100044775A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | Semiconductor memory device and semiconductor device |
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WO2016046909A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-03-31 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 半導体装置の製造方法、基板処理装置、半導体装置およびプログラム |
KR20230043634A (ko) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-31 | 에스케이하이닉스 주식회사 | 강유전층 및 금속 입자가 내장된 절연층을 포함하는 반도체 장치 |
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JP2002222875A (ja) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-09 | Sony Corp | 不揮発性半導体記憶素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2003282746A (ja) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-03 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体記憶装置及び半導体記憶装置の製造方法 |
JP2005340768A (ja) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-12-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 多値不揮発性半導体記憶素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2006066896A (ja) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | ナノクリスタルを有する不揮発性メモリ素子の製造方法 |
JP2006066804A (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Sharp Corp | 微粒子含有体及び微粒子含有体の製造方法並びに記憶素子、半導体装置及び電子機器 |
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JP2000012678A (ja) * | 1998-06-22 | 2000-01-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体装置の構造及び製造方法 |
JP4563652B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-13 | 2010-10-13 | シャープ株式会社 | メモリ機能体および微粒子形成方法並びにメモリ素子、半導体装置および電子機器 |
WO2005076368A1 (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2005-08-18 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Transistor with quantum dots in its tunnelling layer |
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- 2007-12-07 US US12/518,148 patent/US20100044775A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2002222875A (ja) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-09 | Sony Corp | 不揮発性半導体記憶素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2003282746A (ja) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-03 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体記憶装置及び半導体記憶装置の製造方法 |
JP2005340768A (ja) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-12-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 多値不揮発性半導体記憶素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2006066896A (ja) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-03-09 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | ナノクリスタルを有する不揮発性メモリ素子の製造方法 |
JP2006066804A (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Sharp Corp | 微粒子含有体及び微粒子含有体の製造方法並びに記憶素子、半導体装置及び電子機器 |
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