WO2008046306A1 - Purificateur d'air - Google Patents

Purificateur d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008046306A1
WO2008046306A1 PCT/CN2007/002936 CN2007002936W WO2008046306A1 WO 2008046306 A1 WO2008046306 A1 WO 2008046306A1 CN 2007002936 W CN2007002936 W CN 2007002936W WO 2008046306 A1 WO2008046306 A1 WO 2008046306A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dust
air
generator
catalyst
shutter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/002936
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yiu Wai Chan
Sui Chun Law
Original Assignee
Akos Advanced Technology Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akos Advanced Technology Ltd. filed Critical Akos Advanced Technology Ltd.
Priority to KR1020097003084A priority Critical patent/KR101292491B1/ko
Priority to JP2009532671A priority patent/JP5174823B2/ja
Priority to EP07816550.3A priority patent/EP2075512B1/en
Publication of WO2008046306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008046306A1/zh
Priority to US12/364,980 priority patent/US8038778B2/en
Priority to US13/245,335 priority patent/US8211208B2/en
Priority to US13/478,692 priority patent/US8303697B2/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
    • B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/167—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using catalytic reactions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F24F8/22—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using UV light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F24F8/24—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media
    • F24F8/26—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media using ozone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207—Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20707—Titanium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/50—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/91—Bacteria; Microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/804—UV light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/17—Odorizers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S422/00—Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing
    • Y10S422/90—Decreasing pollution or environmental impact
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S95/00—Gas separation: processes
    • Y10S95/90—Solid sorbent
    • Y10S95/901—Activated carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S95/00—Gas separation: processes
    • Y10S95/90—Solid sorbent
    • Y10S95/902—Molecular sieve

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of environmental protection and, more particularly, to a smart device that can be used for air purification. Background technique
  • the pollutants in the air are mainly composed of two forms.
  • One is a large-sized particle such as dust, bacteria, mold, etc.
  • the molecular structure is complex and is composed of a plurality of different substances or components, about one percent.
  • Oxidizers produced by ozone generators or negative ionizers, such as ozone or hydrogen-oxygen radicals, are very useful reactants. They are oxidants, which are decomposed into harmful and small to large chemical molecules, so they are widely used. Purifying air. However, the purification efficiency of these oxidants is usually related to the concentration of ozone or hydrogen oxygen based on the fluid. If the direct release of ozone or hydrogen and oxygen is based on the air, its concentration will be diluted immediately; moreover, they will often hit non-targeted media molecules in the fluid and will easily deplete, and will not effectively oxidize pollutants and organic compounds.
  • an air purifier utilizes a catalyst such as titanium dioxide under ultraviolet light to generate an oxidant, oxidize or still oxidize. Gas pollutants.
  • a catalyst such as titanium dioxide under ultraviolet light to generate an oxidant, oxidize or still oxidize.
  • Gas pollutants There are also molecular sieves based on the shape, orientation, size and hydrophilicity of different contaminants and organic compounds, and the target organic compound molecules and oxidants are adsorbed together. In the nano-pores in the molecular sieve, chemical reflection is performed to oxidize the pollutants.
  • Odor-containing particles such as nicotine smoke particles
  • this air purification system can not only effectively remove the pollutants in the air, the dust accumulated on the surface of the catalyst becomes a hotbed of bacteria, and the air purifier with bacteria and accumulated dust on the surface of the catalyst is activated, just like starting a part. It is a machine that releases pollutants (bacteria, taste, dust, etc.). In addition to the frequent replacement of the catalyst filter element, there is no better solution. In this way, not only does it not achieve the purpose of environmental protection, but also the secondary pollution of a large number of spent catalyst cartridges. Summary of the invention
  • the pollutants in the air will be separately purified in sequence.
  • the first is to process the dust and particles with a large volume, so that the concentration in the treated space is reduced to the desired level, and finally the small size is processed.
  • Molecular structure of gaseous pollutants With the traditional one-time forced air through the high-performance particulate filter and deodorizing filter, so that the residual dust blocks the filter plug, making the deodorizing filter easy to fail. It provides an air purification device that is efficient, environmentally friendly, and reduces secondary pollution.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in this way:
  • An air purifying device includes a casing having a fluid inlet and an outlet, and the casing is provided with
  • the dust removing device is disposed at an upstream position of the reactant generator, the shutter and the catalyst filter element are disposed at a position downstream of the reactant generator, and the exhaust fan is disposed at any position. Drive air from upstream to downstream. When the shutter is closed, it is compactly connected with the catalyst filter element, so that the air passes through the dust removing device and the reactant generator must be discharged through the catalyst filter element.
  • the reactant generator When the shutter is opened, the reactant generator must be closed at the same time to prevent the reactants from leaking out without the use of a catalyst. Thus, even if the reactant generator is an ozone generator, ozone leakage will not occur.
  • the switch of the shutter is controlled by the dust sensor and the central processor.
  • the dust removing device is used to remove particles of a size of one micron or more.
  • the dust removing device further includes an electric dust collector.
  • the dust removing device further includes a high-performance particulate filter.
  • the reactant generator may be an ultraviolet lamp that generates ozone and emits a sterilizable wavelength.
  • the reactant generator may be an ultraviolet lamp that generates ozone and emits a sterilizable wavelength.
  • the reactant generator may be an oxidant generator. Because some of the gaseous contaminants must be oxidized before they can be decomposed.
  • the reactant generator may be a reducing oxidant generator. Because some of the gaseous pollutants must undergo reductive oxidation before they can be decomposed.
  • the reactant generator may be an oxidant generator.
  • the reactant generator may be an ultraviolet light emitting an effective wavelength and illuminable titanium dioxide surface, so that the ultraviolet light lamp can provide sufficient energy to the titanium dioxide as an oxidizing gas pollutant. chemical reaction.
  • a high-performance particulate filter can also be disposed in front of the molecular sieve filter. When the valve is closed, all air is forced through the molecular sieve filter, and the high-performance particulate filter provides ultimate protection for the molecular sieve filter.
  • the ultraviolet lamp also illuminates the high performance particulate filter to prevent dust from adhering to the surface of the high efficiency particulate filter from the opportunity for bacterial growth.
  • the dust sensor measures the concentration of dust in the surrounding environment, and then transmits the data to the central processing unit, and the central processor determines the switch of the shutter.
  • the judgment of the central processor still compares the dust concentration with the dust concentration.
  • the dust concentration is higher than the default value, the dust concentration is very high.
  • the electrostatic precipitator or the high-performance particulate filter can not handle the dust in the air at one time. Does not affect the catalyst filter. Therefore, it is necessary to open the shutter to deal with dust contaminants first. When the dust concentration is lower than the default value, it indicates the dust concentration.
  • an electrostatic precipitator or a high-performance particulate filter can treat dust in the air at one time, so that the shutter can be closed to concentrate on gas stains.
  • the air purifying device further includes an odor sensor and a central processing unit.
  • the odor sensor measures the concentration of organic compounds in the surrounding environment and transmits the data to the central processor, which then determines the speed of the fan. In this way, the air is cleaned intelligently for different air pollutant concentrations.
  • the dust sensor measures the concentration of dust in the surrounding environment, and then calculates the accumulated amount of dust that the electrostatic precipitator has received.
  • the central controller issues a need to clean the static set. The warning of the dust collector.
  • the amount of accumulated dust accumulated is calculated as follows:
  • the dust removing device is an electrostatic precipitator, it is possible to remove the cleaning from the entire air purifying device.
  • control air purification device uses dust sensors and a central processing unit.
  • the user can replace the dust sensor with his own odor, and replace the central processor with his own judgment to manually control the shutter switch.
  • the switch for controlling the shutter controls the distance in which the air flows in the air freshener, thereby preventing the catalyst cartridge from being clogged to cause the catalyst to fail.
  • the valve switch is determined by the sensor and the central processor to evaluate the quality of the air.
  • the central processor issues an instruction to open the valve and temporarily close the reactant generator, which also prevents the reactant from passing through the catalyst. In case of leakage.
  • the central processor issues an instruction to close the shutter and also activates the reactant generator to generate a reactant, which is the same as the gaseous organic pollutant on the surface of the catalyst. , to break down.
  • the invention intelligently and sequentially processes dust and gas pollutants in polluted air, thereby prolonging the life of the catalyst, reducing secondary pollution, and achieving the purpose of real environmental protection.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of purification of a general air purification device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the air purifying device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the air purifying device of the invention
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing the purifying effect of the gas contaminant of the present invention in comparison with the same type but without the valve control flow air purifying technology.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of one of the physical structures of the present invention.
  • the general air purifying apparatus includes a casing 15, which mainly has a dust removing portion 14, such as an electrostatic precipitator, or a high efficiency electrostatic precipitating net, a reactant generator 16 and a catalyst filter 17.
  • the catalyst cartridge 17 is a molecular sieve cartridge
  • the reactant generator 16 may be an ultraviolet lamp or an oxidant generator that generates ozone and emits a sterilizable wavelength.
  • the catalyst cartridge 17 is titanium dioxide
  • the reactant generator 16 may be an oxidant generator or an ultraviolet lamp emitting an effective wavelength and illuminating the surface of the titanium oxide 17 .
  • the device is equipped with an exhaust fan at any position to drive air from upstream 12 to downstream 20.
  • the central processing unit of the air purifying device applies a program map of the shutter switch, a dust sensor, measures the dust concentration in the surrounding environment, and then calculates that the electrostatic precipitator can accommodate the accumulated amount of dust when accumulating dust.
  • the central controller will issue a warning that the electrostatic precipitator needs to be cleaned.
  • the central controller compares the amount of dust around and the default value.
  • the dust concentration is higher than the default value, the shutter will be opened and the reactant generator will be turned off.
  • the air purifier will continue to pump the air from the upstream. Downstream until the dust concentration is lower than the default.
  • the organic compound sensor collects the concentration data of the organic compound in the surrounding environment of the air purifying device, and according to the concentration of the organic compound, it is budgeted to adjust the exhausting speed of the air purifying device when the catalyst needs to perform the chemical reaction time for decomposing the gas contaminant. But to intelligently purify the air for different air pollutant concentrations.
  • the schematic diagram of the structure of the air purifying apparatus of the present invention is as follows - the air purifying apparatus includes a casing 15, which mainly has a dust removing portion 14, such as an electrostatic precipitator, or a high-efficiency electrostatic dust removing net, and controls air.
  • the dust sensor 23 is connected to the central processing unit 24, and the central processing unit 24 is connected to the shutter 22 to control its switching.
  • the reactant generator 16 may be an ultraviolet lamp or an oxidant generator that generates ozone and emits a sterilizable wavelength.
  • a high-performance particulate filter may also be disposed in front of the molecular sieve filter element 17, and the ultraviolet light lamp 16 also illuminates the high-performance particulate filter.
  • the reactant generator 16 may be an oxidant generator or an ultraviolet lamp emitting an effective wavelength and illuminating the surface of the titanium oxide 17 .
  • the device is equipped with an exhaust fan at any position to drive air from upstream 12 to downstream 20 .
  • Most of the dust or particles 11 have been removed 13 when the air passes through the electrostatic precipitator or the high performance electrostatic precipitator 14 and the remaining small dust or particles pass through the reactant generator 16 and then from the shutter 22 Leaving does not adhere to the surface 18 of the catalyst filter 17, and does not cause the catalyst filter 17 to fail due to contamination.
  • FIG. 4 another schematic diagram of the air purifying apparatus of the present invention is as follows - when the dust sensor 23 measures the concentration of particles in the air to a desired level 11a, the central processing unit 24 issues an instruction to close the shutter 22. , the shutter 22 and the catalyst filter element 17 are compactly connected together, and the reactant generator 16 is also activated, so that the air passes through the electrostatic precipitator 14 and the reactant generator 16 and must pass through the catalyst filter element 17 to be discharged. . The reactants are decomposed with the gaseous organic contaminants in the catalyst cartridge 17 .
  • the present invention compares the same type of gas pollutant cleaning effect without the valve control flow air purification technique.
  • the test is carried out in a smoking room of 200 square feet and the floor is three meters high.
  • the air purifying device shown in Figure 1 the effectiveness of the air purifying device to remove organic pollutants begins to expire at the burning point of the tenth cigarette, and is released. Contaminants that accumulate in the filter element increase the amount of contaminants. If the air purifying device of the present invention (i.e., the air purifying device shown in Figs. 3 and 4) is used, since the pollutants in the air can be treated in an efficient and orderly manner, the odor-treated catalyst filter element is not contaminated to failure, so Air purification devices provide long-lasting treatment of gaseous contaminants.
  • Figure 6 is a physical structural view of the present invention
  • the fuselage includes a housing 607, an exhaust fan 606, an electrostatic precipitator 601 for dust removal of the device
  • a UV lamp 604 which can generate ozone and emit a sterilizable wavelength, is used as a reactant generator of the device
  • a dense molecular sieve filter element 603 is used as the catalyst filter element
  • high-performance particles can be disposed in front of the molecular sieve filter element.
  • the ultraviolet lamp can also illuminate the high performance particulate filter surface 602 to enhance sterilization, and the shutter 605 is disposed at the same level of the catalyst filter. When the dust contaminant is at a high concentration, the shutter 605 is opened, and the air is not discharged through the catalyst cartridge 603, so that the air purifying device first processes the high concentration of dust contaminants.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Description

智能空气净化的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及环保领域， 更加具体地说， 涉及一种可用于空气净 化的智能装置。 背景技术
空气中的污染物主要是分两个形态组成， 一是如灰尘、 细菌、 霉菌等形状较大的微粒， 其分子结构复杂， 由多种不同的物质或成 份结合而成， 大约百分之一微米至微米大小； 一是如气体、 臭味、 挥发性有机化学物等化学份子， 其化学结构简单， 由数种化学元素 组成， 且十分细小， 只有埃米至纳米的大小。
要处理灰尘或形状较大的微粒是， 一般是使用静电除尘或利用 高效能的尘粒过滤网。 效果往往可达百分之八十， 甚至是百分之九 十九点九以上。 但是， 要处理长度只有埃米至纳米大的挥发性有机 化学物， 并不是这么容易。
由臭氧产生器或负离子机产生的氧化剂， 如臭氧或氢氧游离基 等， 都是非常有用的反应剂， 属于氧化剂类， 它们可分解有害而细 小至化学分子大的物质， 所以被广泛用于净化空气。 但是， 这些氧 化剂的净化效率通常是与臭氧或氢氧游离基于流体内的浓度有关。 如果直接释放臭氧或氢氧游离基于空气内， 其浓度将立即被稀释； 而且， 他们往往会击中流体内非目标性的媒介分子， 并容易衰竭， 而不能有效地氧化污染物及有机化合物。 正因为这个原因， 一般的 负离子机并不是有效的空气清洁系统， 要达到非常高的臭氧浓度才 可有效地净化空气。 为解决以上问题， 有空气净化机利用了催化 剂， 如二氧化钛于紫外光灯照射下， 产生氧化剂， 氧化或还完氧化 气体污染物。 也有根据不同污染物及有机化合物的形状、 取向、 大 小及亲水性的分子筛， 一并地吸附目标性的有机化合物分子及氧 化剂。 再在分子筛里的纳米小孔内， 进行化学反影， 氧化污染物。
一般在这类系统中， 空气中两个主要形态的污染物（微粒及气 体污染物）， 都一次性一并被吸进系统中。 污染的空气先经过微粒 过滤， 才进入处理气体污染物的催化滤芯， 进行化学反应， 分解气 体污染物。 由于非常高效能的微粒过滤网亦不是百分之百可以去除 空气中的微粒。 于非常污染的空气情况下， 如吸烟场所， 强迫所有 污染的空气及氧化剂一次性先经过微粒过滤装置才到分子筛滤芯， 污染空气中的微粒不能一次性的被去除 （见图 1)，残余而带有气味 的微粒（如尼古丁烟油微粒等） 便会积聚在催化剂的表面， 堵塞了 进行催化反应的活跃基位， 令后来的气体污染物或及氧化剂不能有 效地进行化学反应。 久而久之， 这空气净化系统不单不能有效去除 空气中的味道污染物， 积聚于催化剂表面的灰尘更成为细菌的温 床， 启动该催化剂表面附存着细菌及累积灰尘的空气净化机， 尤如 启动一部有如会释放出污染物（细菌、 味道、 微尘等） 的机器。 除 了频密更换催化剂滤芯外， 没有更好的解决方法， 这样， 不单达不 到环保的目的， 还会制造大量废催化剂滤芯的二次污染。 发明内容
在本智能空气净化系统中， 空气中的污染物会先后次序地被分 开净化， 首先是处理体积较大的灰尘及微粒， 使其在处理的空间中 浓度降至理想水平， 最后才处理细小至分子结构的气体污染物。 跟 传统的一次性迫使空气经过高效能微粒过滤网及除味滤芯， 以致残 余微尘堵除味塞滤芯， 令除味滤芯容易失效。 而提供一种高效、 环 保、 减低制造二次污染的空气清净化装置。 本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种空气净化装置， 包括壳体， 所述壳体上带有流体的入口和 出口， 所述壳体内设置有
(i ) 除尘装置
( i i ) 控制空气于净化装置内流动方向的活门
(i i i) 反应物产生器
(iv) 催化剂滤芯
(V) 抽气风扇
(v i) 灰尘传感器
(v i i ) 中央处理器
其特征在于， 所述除尘装置设置在所述反应物产生器上游位 置， 所述活门及所述催化剂滤芯置设在所述反应物产生器下游位 置，所述的抽气风扇设置在任何位置，带动空气从上游至下游流动。 所述的活门关闭时与催化剂滤芯紧凑成连成一块， 使空气经过所述 的除尘装置后及所述反应物产生器， 必须经过催化剂滤芯才排出。
所述的活门打开时， 造成没有风阻的入口， 空气经过所述的静 电集尘器后及所述反应物产生器后， 不经催化剂滤芯而从没有风阻 的出口排出。 由于带有高灰尘浓度的空气不会经过风阻较大的催化 剂滤芯， 催化剂滤芯免了被灰尘污染， 其生命周期得以延长。
所述的活门打开时， 所述反应物产生器后必须同时关闭， 以防 在没有催化剂配合使用下， 导致反应物外泄。 这样， 即使反应物产 生器是臭氧发生器， 亦不会因此而导致臭氧外泄。
所述的活门的开关， 由所述的灰尘传感器及中央处理器控制。 所述的除尘装置， 指用作除掉百分之一微米或以上大小的微 粒。
所述的除尘装置， 还包括电集尘器。 所述的除尘装置， 还包括高效能微粒过滤网。
所述的催化剂滤芯是分子筛滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器可以 是产生臭氧及发出可杀菌波长的紫外光灯。 这样， 除了可产生氧化 剂予分子筛滤芯作氧化反应， 亦可有加强杀菌的效用。
所述的催化剂滤芯是分子筛滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器可以 是氧化剂产生器。 因为部份气体污染物必须经过氧化作用才可以分 解。
所述的催化剂滤芯是分子筛滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器可以 是还原氧化剂产生器。 因为部份气体污染物必须经过还原氧化作用 才可以分解。
所述的催化剂滤芯是二氧化钛时， 所述的反应物产生器可以是 氧化剂产生器。
所述的催化剂滤芯是二氧化钛时， 所述的反应物产生器可以是 发出有效波长， 且可照射的二氧化钛表面的紫外光灯， 这样， 紫外 光灯可以提供足够的能量予二氧化钛作氧化气体污染物化学反应。
所述的分子筛滤芯前面还可设置高效能微粒过滤网。 当活门关 闭时， 所有空气被迫经过分子筛滤芯， 高效能微粒过滤网可以为分 子筛滤芯作终的保护。 所述紫外光灯还照射所述的高效能微粒过滤 网， 以防黏附于高效能微粒过滤网上面的灰尘有机会发生细菌繁 殖。
所述灰尘传感器， 量度周围环境里的灰尘浓度， 再把数据传输 致中央处理器， 中央处理器再判断所述活门的开关。 中央处理器的 判断， 仍跟据比较灰尘浓度及， 当灰尘浓度高于默认值时， 表示灰 尘浓度非常高， 静电集尘器或高效能微粒过滤网不能一次性处理空 气中的灰尘， 使其不会影响催化剂滤芯。 因此， 有必要开启所述活 门， 先处理灰尘污染物。 当灰尘浓度低于默认值时， 表示灰尘浓度 理想， 静电集尘器或高效能微粒过滤网可以一次性处理空气中的灰 尘， 因此， 可以关闭所述活门， 集中处理气体染物。
所述空气净化装置， 还包括了气味传感器及中央处理器。
所述气味传感器， 量度周围环境里的有机化合物的浓度， 再把 数据传输致中央处理器，中央处理器再判断所述风扇的速度。这样， 针对不同空气污染物浓度， 智能地净化空气。
所述灰尘传感器， 量度周围环境里的灰尘浓度， 再计算所述静 电集尘器已容纳累积灰尘量， 当累积灰尘量高于可以累积灰尘预设 数值， 中央控理器会发出须要清洁静电集尘器的警告。
所述已纳累积灰尘量是这样计算的：
已纳累积灰尘量
二 (风速速度 X 空气净化装置启动时间 X 已量度周围环境里的灰 尘浓度） +上次启动空气净化装置已纳累积灰尘量。
所述除尘装置是静电集尘器时， 是可以从整个空气净化装置中 拆出清洁。
由于对于不同的空气质素环境， 不同人有不同的感测度， 在特 殊情况下， 部份人对灰尘或气味浓度比较敏感， 因此所述的控制空 气净化装置， 除了利用灰尘传感器及中央处理器控制活门开关外， 在任何情况下， 使用者可以利用本身的臭觉代替所述灰尘传感器， 利用本身的判断代替所述中央处理器， 手动控制活门开关。
本发明的空气净化装置， 控制活门的开关控制空气于空气清新 机中流动的路程， 从而防止堵塞催化剂滤芯的以致使催化剂失效。 活门开关， 乃通过传感器及中央处理器对空气的质素作出评估而 定。 当空气中的灰尘浓度高至超出良好级水平时， 中央处理器发出 指令把所述的活门打开， 同时亦会暂时性关闭反应物产生器， 此举 亦可防止反应物在未有经过催化剂的情况下外泄。 直至当空气中的 灰尘浓度达致出良好级水平时， 中央处理器发出指令把所述的活门 关闭， 同时亦启动所述的反应物产生器， 使其可以产生反应物， 与 气体有机污染物一同于催化剂的表面， 进行分解。 本实发明智能地 及有次序地处理污染空气中灰尘及气体污染物， 有利延长催化剂的 寿命， 减少二次污染， 达致真正环保的目的。 附图说明
图 1是一般空气体净化装置的净化的结构示意图；
图 2是发明的中央处理器对活门开关的程序作业图；
图 3是发明的空气净化装置的实施例的结构示意图；
图 4是发明的空气净化装置的另一实施例的结构示意图； 图 5是本发明对比同类型但没有活门控制流程空气净化技术的 气体污染物净化效果。
图 6是本发明的其中一个实物结构示意图 具体实施方式
如图 1所示， 一般空气净化装置包括了壳体 15， 其中主要有除 尘部份 14， 例如静电集尘器、 或高效能静电除尘网， 反应物产生器 16 及催化剂滤心 17。所述的催化剂滤芯 17是分子筛滤芯时， 所述 的反应物产生器 16 可以是产生臭氧及发出可杀菌波长的紫外光灯 或氧化剂产生器。 所述的催化剂滤芯 17 是二氧化钛时， 所述的反 应物产生器 16 可以是氧化剂产生器或发出有效波长， 且可照射的 二氧化钛 17表面的紫外光灯。 装置设置抽气风扇于任何位置， 带 动空气从上游 12 至下游 20流动。 大部份的灰尘或微粒 11， 已于 空气经过电集尘器、 或高效能静电除尘网 14 时已除掉 13, 余下小 重的灰尘或微粒， 经过反应物产生器 16 ， 依附催化剂滤心 17 的 表面 18。.使催化剂滤心 17 因受污染而失效。 最后， 只有小数的灰 尘或微粒， 混杂空气中大部份的灰尘或微粒 11 ， 再进入空气净化 装置。 时间久了， 积聚于催化剂表面的灰尘 18更成为细菌的温床， 启动该催化剂表面附存着细菌及累积灰尘 18 的空气净化机， 尤如 启动一部有如会释放出污染物（细菌、 味道、 微尘等） 的机器。 除 了频密更换催化滤芯 17外， 没有更好的解决方法。
如图 2所示， 本空气净化装置的中央处理器对活门开关的程序 作业图， 灰尘传感器， 量度周围环境里的灰尘浓度， 再计算所述静 电集尘器可容纳累积灰尘量， 当累积灰尘量高于一定预设数值， 中 央控理器会发出须要清洁静电集尘器的警告。 然后中央控理器会比 较周遭的积灰尘量及默认值， 灰尘量浓度高于默认值时， 活门会被 打开及反应物产生器会被关掉， 空气净化装置会继续把空从上游抽 至下游， 直至灰尘量浓度低于默认值。 这时， 有机化合物传感器收 集空气净化装置的周围环境的有机化合物浓度数据， 再跟据有机化 合物的浓度， 预算在催化剂需要进行分解气体污染物的化学反应时 间，调节空气净化装置的抽风速度。但至针对不同空气污染物浓度， 智能地净化空气。
如图 3所示， 本发明的空气净化装置的的结构示意图如下- 空气净化装置包括了壳体 15， 其中主要有除尘部份 14， 例如静电 集尘器、 或高效能静电除尘网， 控制空气于净化装置内流动方向的 活门 22反应物产生器 16、 催化剂滤心 17， 灰尘传感器 23及中央 处理器 24。所述灰尘传感器 23连接中央处理器 24， 所述的中央处 理器 24连接活门 22， 控制其开关。所述的催化剂滤芯 17是分子筛 滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器 16 可以是产生臭氧及发出可杀菌波 长的紫外光灯或氧化剂产生器。 分子筛滤芯 17前面还可设置高效 能微粒过滤网， 所述紫外光灯 16还照射所述的高效能微粒过滤网， 以防黏附于高效能微粒过滤网上面的灰尘有机会发生细菌繁殖。 所 述的催化剂滤芯 1 7是二氧化钛时， 所述的反应物产生器 16可以是 氧化剂产生器或发出有效波长， 且可照射的二氧化钛 17 表面的紫 外光灯。
装置设置抽气风扇于任何位置， 带动空气从上游 12 至下游 20 流动。 大部份的灰尘或微粒 11， 已于空气经过电集尘器、 或高效能 静电除尘网 14 时已除掉 13， 余下小重的灰尘或微粒， 经过反应物 产生器 16 ，再从活门 22离开，不会依附催化剂滤心 17的表面 18， 及不会使催化剂滤心 17因受污染而失效。
如图 4所示， 本发明的空气净化装置的另一结构示意图如下- 当灰尘传感器 23 量度出空气中的微粒浓度达致理想水平时 11a, 中央处理器 24发出指令把所述的活门 22关闭， 使活门 22 与 催化剂滤芯 17紧凑成连成一块， 同时亦启动的反应物产生器 16， 使空气经过所述的静电集尘器 14及反应物产生器后 16， 必须经过 催化剂滤芯 17 才排出。 反应物与气体有机污染物一同于催化剂滤 芯 17 进行分解。
如图 5所示图本发明对比同类型但没有活门控制流程空气净化 技术的气体污染物净化效果。 此测试于一吸烟房间二百平方尺， 楼 层高三米进行行， 在使用如图 1所示的空气净化装置， 空气净化装 置去除有机污染物的效能于第十枝香烟燃点时开始失效， 并放出积 聚于滤芯里的污染物， 使污染物增加。 如果使用本发明的空气净化 装置（即图 3及图 4显示的空空气净化装置）， 由于可以有效及有次 序地先后处理空气中的污染物， 处理气味的催化剂滤芯不受污染至 失效， 所以空气净化装置可以持久处理气体污染物。
如图 6 所示图本发明的一个实物结构图，机身包括了一个壳体 607 , 一个抽气风扇 606、体一个静电除尘装置 601作本装置的除尘 装置、 一个可以是产生臭氧及发出可杀菌波长的紫外光灯 604作为 本装置的反应物产生器， 一个堆集密实的分子筛滤芯 603作所述的 催化剂滤芯、 在分子筛滤芯前面还可设置高效能微粒过滤网 602。 紫外光灯还可以照射高效能微粒过滤网表面 602， 加强杀菌， 活门 605设置于催化剂滤芯的同一水平。 当灰尘污染物高浓度时， 活门 605开启， 空气不会经过催化剂滤芯 603而排出， 好使空气净化装 置先处理高浓度的灰尘污染物。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种空气净化装置， 包括壳体， 所述壳体上带有流体的入口 和出口， 所述壳体内设置有
( i) 除尘装置
( i i ) 控制空气于净化装置内流动方向的活门
(i i i) 反应物产生器
( iv) 催化剂滤芯
(V) 抽气风扇
(vi ) 灰尘传感器
(v i i) 中央处理器
其特征在于，所述除尘装置设置在所述反应物产生器上游位置， 所述活门及所述催化剂滤芯置设在所述反应物产生器下游位置， 所 述的抽气风扇设置在任何位置， 带动空气从上游至下游流动，所述 的活门关闭时与催化剂滤芯紧凑成连成一块， 使空气经过所述的除 尘装置后及所述反应物产生器， 必须经过催化剂滤芯才排出，
所述的活门打开时， 造成没有风阻的入口， 空气经过所述的除 尘装置后及所述反应物产生器后， 不经催化剂滤芯而从没有风阻的 出口排出，
所述的活门打开时， 所述反应物产生器后必须同时关闭， 以防 在没有催化剂配合使用下， 导致反应物外泄，
所述的活门的开关， 由所述的灰尘传感器及中央处理器控制。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 除尘装 置用来除掉百分之一微米或以上大小的微粒。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 除尘装 置包括电集尘器。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 除尘 装置包括高效能微粒过滤网。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 当催化 剂滤芯是分子筛滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器是产生臭氧及发出可 杀菌波长的紫外光灯。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 当催化 剂滤芯是分子筛滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器是氧化剂产生器。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 当催化 剂滤芯是分子筛滤芯时， 所述的反应物产生器是还原氧化剂产生 器。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 当催化 剂滤芯是二氧化钛时， 所述的反应物产生器是氧化剂产生器。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 当催化 剂滤芯是二氧化钛时， 所述的反应物产生器可以是发出有效波长， 且可照射的二氧化钛表面的紫外光灯。
10. 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 分子筛滤芯前面还可设置高效能微粒过滤网， 所述紫外光灯还照射 所述的高效能微粒过滤网， 以防黏附于高效能微粒过滤网上面的灰 尘有机会发生细菌繁殖。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 灰尘 传感器，量度周围环境里的灰尘浓度，再把数据传输至中央处理器， 中央处理器再判断所述活门的开关。
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 还包括了气味传感 器及中央处理器。
13. 根据权利要求 9所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 气味 传感器量度周围环境里的有机化合物的浓度， 再把数据传输至中央 处理器， 中央处理器再判断所述风扇的速度。
14.根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 所述灰 尘传感器量度周围环境里的灰尘浓度， 再计算所述静电集尘器已容 纳累积灰尘量， 当累积灰尘量高于可以累积灰尘预设数值， 中央控 理器会发出须要清洁静电集尘器的警告，
所述已纳累积灰尘量是这样计算的：
已纳累积灰尘量
二 （风速速度 X 空气净化装置启动时间 X 已量度周围环境里的灰 尘浓度） +上次启动空气净化装置已纳累积灰尘量。
15. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 其特征在于， 静电 集尘器可以从整个空气净化装置中拆出清洁。
16. 根据权利要求 1所述的空气净化装置， 除了利用灰尘传感 器及中央处理器控制活门开关外， 在任何情况下， 使用者可以利用 本身的臭觉代替所述灰尘传感器， 利用本身的判断代替所述中央处 理器， 手动控制活门开关。
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