WO2008023795A1 - Solar battery module and solar battery module manufacturing method - Google Patents
Solar battery module and solar battery module manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008023795A1 WO2008023795A1 PCT/JP2007/066458 JP2007066458W WO2008023795A1 WO 2008023795 A1 WO2008023795 A1 WO 2008023795A1 JP 2007066458 W JP2007066458 W JP 2007066458W WO 2008023795 A1 WO2008023795 A1 WO 2008023795A1
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- solar cell
- solar
- solar battery
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
- H01L31/0512—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module made of a particular material or composition of materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
- H01L31/0745—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells
- H01L31/0747—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells comprising a heterojunction of crystalline and amorphous materials, e.g. heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar battery module and a solar battery module including a plurality of solar battery cells connected to each other by connecting collector electrodes formed on the surfaces of adjacent solar battery cells with a conductor. It relates to the manufacturing method.
- Solar cells are expected to be a new and energy source that can directly convert light from the sun, which is a clean and inexhaustible energy source, into electricity.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a part of a conventional solar cell module.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX ′ of FIG.
- the plurality of solar battery cells 101 are electrically connected by connecting a collector electrode (finger electrode 111! / Is a bus bar electrode 121) formed on the surface of each solar battery cell 101 using a wiring material 141. Connected.
- the collector electrode is printed and formed with a width approximately equal to or greater than the width of the wiring member 141.
- the wiring member 141 is a conductor in which a low resistance body 141a such as copper is coated with a solder 141b such as tin, silver or copper.
- the solar battery cell 101 has a light-transmitting surface member such as glass or light-transmitting plastic, and a back surface member made of a resin film such as a polyethylene terephthalate film, a steel plate, or a glass plate. It is sealed with a light-transmitting filler such as EVA.
- the linear expansion coefficients of the wiring material 141 made of copper foil and the solar battery cell 101 composed of the crystalline silicon substrate are 4 times more than 17.8 ppm / ° C and 4.2 ppm / ° C, respectively.
- the degree of expansion and contraction of the materials due to heating and cooling when the wiring material 141 is connected to the bus bar electrode 121 formed on the solar battery cell 101 using solder is different.
- warpage stress is generated in the solar battery cell 101 and cell cracking or electrode peeling occurs. appear.
- the thickness of the solar battery cell is reduced for the purpose of reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar battery cell, this problem increases, and there is a problem that the manufacturing yield decreases due to cracking of the solar battery cell.
- a lead-tin eutectic solder having a eutectic point of 183 ° C, which has a melting point of 183 ° C has been conventionally used as a means for bonding wiring materials in modularization of solar cells.
- lead-free solder and solder materials in response to environmental protection.
- eutectic solders of tin, silver and copper which have an eutectic point with a melting point of 217 ° C, are widely used.
- solder joining work using eutectic solder of tin, silver and copper heating at about 240 ° C is generally performed. For this reason, working temperatures that are approximately 30 ° C higher than conventional lead-tin eutectic solder have made it more difficult to solve the above-described problem of warpage of solar cells.
- This proposed solar cell device is a solar cell device in which a plurality of solar cells are connected by a wiring material, and after the wiring material of approximately the same length is soldered to the solar cells in advance, the solar cell Connect the wiring materials connected to the light-receiving surface side and the non-light-receiving surface side of the cell using different wiring materials.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-359388
- Patent Document 1 the compressive stress applied to one solar battery cell is limited to that of one solar battery cell to eliminate cell cracking. Therefore, if the substrate of the solar cell is made thin, cell cracking due to the warpage of the substrate may occur even with a stress of one sheet. In addition, when the thickness of the wiring material is increased, the risk of cell cracking is further increased.
- the present invention is that warp stress, cell cracking, electrode peeling, etc. occur more prominently as the solar cell is made thinner or the thickness of the wiring material is increased. It is an object to provide a solar cell module to be suppressed and a method for manufacturing the solar cell module.
- a first feature of the present invention is a solar battery including a plurality of solar cells connected to each other by connecting collectors formed on the surfaces of adjacent solar cells with a conductor.
- the gist of the present invention is that the collector electrode is a solar battery module in which the collector electrode is embedded in a conductor, and the solar battery cell and the conductor are joined together by a resin.
- the solar cell module since the resin used at a lower temperature than the alloy bonding by solder is used as the adhesive material between the collector electrode and the conductor, the solar cell can be thinned or wired. As the thickness of the material increases, it becomes possible to suppress the occurrence of warp stress, cell cracking, electrode peeling, etc., which become more prominent.
- the resin preferably covers the side surface of the collector electrode.
- this solar cell module it is possible to further prevent the occurrence of warping stress, cell cracking, electrode peeling, and the like, and to prevent moisture from entering.
- the resin may contain fine particles.
- a second feature of the present invention is that a step of forming a collector electrode on the surface of a solar battery cell, and a collector A step of arranging a resin so as to cover the electrode, a step of arranging a conductor connected to a collecting electrode formed on the surface of an adjacent solar cell on the resin, and a direction of the solar cell from the top of the conductor And a method of heating the solar cell module while applying pressure to the solar cell module.
- the solar cell module is thin. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of warping stress, cell cracking, electrode peeling, etc., which become more conspicuous with the increase in thickness or the thickness of the wiring material.
- the conductor is softer than the collector electrode during heating!
- the collector electrode is easily embedded in the conductor, and the adhesion between the collector electrode and the conductor can be further improved.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a conventional solar cell module.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the XX ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the solar cell module according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the BB ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a CC ′ section of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the DD ′ section of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the method for manufacturing the solar cell module according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a solar cell module according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the EE ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the FF ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the GG ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the HH ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing resistance values according to examples.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the peel strength of the spring material according to the example.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the solar cell characteristics according to the example.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the solar cell characteristics after the moisture resistance test according to the example.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing solar cell characteristics after a temperature cycle test according to an example. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of the solar cells in the solar cell module.
- Figs. 4 to 7 are A-A 'cross-sectional view, B-B' cross-sectional view, C C 'cross-sectional view, D- D 'sectional view
- Solar cell 1 is made of a crystalline semiconductor such as single crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon having a thickness of about 0.15 mm, and has a substantially square shape with one side of 125 mm.
- This solar cell 1 has an n-type region and a p-type region, and a semiconductor junction is formed at the interface between the n-type region and the p-type region.
- a structure in which a substantially intrinsic amorphous silicon layer is sandwiched between a single crystal silicon substrate and an amorphous silicon layer to reduce defects at the interface and to improve the characteristics of the hetero-coupled interface The solar cell 1 may have a so-called HIT structure.
- a light receiving surface collecting electrode is formed on the light receiving surface side surface (hereinafter referred to as “light receiving surface”) of the n-type region of solar cell 1.
- the light-receiving surface collecting electrode includes a bus bar electrode 21 connected to the wiring material (conductor) 41 and a finger electrode 11 formed by intersecting and branching the bus bar electrode 21.
- Two bus bar electrodes 21 are formed over substantially the entire length of the solar battery cell 1.
- a large number of finger electrodes 11 are formed across substantially the entire area of the solar battery cell so as to cross the bus bar electrode 21.
- the bus bar electrode 21 is formed with a width of about 0.3 mm, for example. For example, about 60 finger electrodes 11 having a width of about 0.1 mm are formed.
- Such a light receiving surface collecting electrode is formed, for example, by screen-printing silver paste and curing it at a temperature of a few hundred degrees.
- back surface As shown in FIG. 4, the back surface of solar cell 1 (hereinafter referred to as "back surface”).
- This back surface collecting electrode is also composed of a bus bar electrode 22 for connecting the wiring material (conductor) 42, and a plurality of finger electrodes 12 (see FIG. 5) that intersect with the bus bar electrode 22 and are branched. .
- Two bus bar electrodes 22 are formed over substantially the entire length of the solar battery cell, and many finger electrodes 12 are formed over substantially the entire area of the solar battery cell 1 so as to intersect the bus bar electrode 22.
- the bus bar electrode 22 is formed with a width of about 0.3 mm, for example. For example, about 100 finger electrodes 12 are formed with a width of about 0.1 mm.
- Such a back collector electrode is formed, for example, by screen printing a silver paste and curing it at a temperature of a few hundred degrees.
- Adhesives 31 and 32 are mainly composed of epoxy resin, and contain a crosslinking accelerator so that crosslinking is rapidly accelerated by heating at 180 ° C and curing is completed in about 15 seconds.
- the thicknesses of the adhesives 31 and 32 are preferably 0.01 to 0.05 mm, and the width is preferably equal to or less than the width of the wiring member 41 in consideration of shielding of incident light.
- a strip-shaped film sheet having a width of 1.5 mm and a thickness of 0.02 mm is used as the adhesives 31 and 32.
- the adhesives 31 and 32 are mainly composed of an epoxy resin.
- the adhesives 31 and 32 can be bonded at a temperature lower than that of solder bonding, preferably 200 ° C. or less. Any material can be used as long as curing can be completed in about 20 seconds so as not to significantly impair productivity.
- thermosetting resin adhesives such as acrylic resins and high-flexibility polyurethane resins that can contribute to reducing thermal stress at low curing temperatures
- thermoplastic resins such as EVA resin systems and synthetic rubber systems It is possible to use a two-component reaction adhesive that bonds with an adhesive, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, or urethane resin that can be bonded at low temperatures, and then mixes and hardens the mixture.
- the resin adhesive may contain fine particles.
- the fine particles have a size of 2 to 30 ⁇ , and preferably an average particle size of about 10 m.
- As the fine particles nickel, nickel with a gold coat, or a mixture of particles obtained by coating a plastic with a conductive metal such as gold can be used.
- the spring materials 41 and 42 are conductors having a width of 2 ⁇ Omm and a thickness of 0.15mm.
- the spring materials 41 and 42 are composed of a copper foil 41a as a core material and a soft conductor 41 as a surface layer of the core material.
- the soft conductor 41b is formed by plating about 10 m of tin on the surface of the copper foil 41a.
- the wiring members 41 and 42 are used by being bent between the solar cells 1 adjacent to each other.
- tin is used as the material of the soft conductor 41b that constitutes the wiring members 41 and 42, but basically, it is softer than the collector electrode (the bus bar electrode 21 or the finger electrode 11). It is desirable to use a material that is soft on the body and at a temperature at which the resin adhesive cures.
- soft V and conductive metals can be used, including eutectic solder with a lowered melting point.
- a part of the bus bar electrode 21 is embedded in the soft conductor 41b which is the surface layer of the wiring member 41, as shown in FIG.
- the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 1 and the wiring material 41 are joined together by an adhesive 31 made of resin. Yes.
- the adhesive 31 covers the side surface of the bus bar electrode 21.
- a part of the finger electrode 11 is embedded in a soft conductor 41b which is a surface layer of the wiring member 41.
- the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 1 and the wiring member 41 are joined by an adhesive 31 made of resin.
- the adhesive 31 covers the side surface of the finger electrode 11.
- bus bar electrode 21 and the finger electrode 11 are embedded in the wiring material 42 not only on the light receiving surface side of the solar battery cell 1 but also on the back surface of the solar battery cell 1.
- the wiring member 42 may be joined by an adhesive 32 made of resin.
- a soft conductor 41b such as tin covers the periphery of a low resistance element 41a such as Cu.
- the bus bar electrode 21 and the finger electrode 11 may be embedded and bonded to a depth reaching the low resistance body 41a embedded and bonded in the soft conductor 41b.
- the width and thickness of the wiring member 41 are not limited to the above values.
- the width and thickness of the wiring material 41 are determined by the rigidity of the wiring material 41 created by the material of the low resistance body 41a and the soft conductor 41b surrounding the low resistance body 41a, and the specific resistance and cross-sectional area of the material. In consideration of the resistance of material 41, it can be determined to improve yield and properties.
- bus bar electrodes 21 are formed on the light receiving surface and the back surface of solar cell 1. Specifically, the bus bar electrode 21 is formed by screen-printing silver paste and curing it at a temperature of a few hundred degrees.
- an adhesive 31 made of resin is disposed so as to cover the bus bar electrode 21.
- the wiring member 41 is placed on the bus bar electrode 21 of the solar battery cell 1 and lightly crimped.
- the solar battery cell 1 is heated while applying pressure from the upper part of the wiring member 41 arranged on the adhesive 31 toward the solar battery cell 1. .
- it has a structure in which heater blocks 50 and 51 heated to 180 ° C. Set the solar cell 1 in a device with a function to keep it constant. Subsequently, the solar cell 1 is sandwiched between the upper and lower heater blocks 50 and 51, for example, at a pressure of 2 MPa, and heating is performed for a time necessary for curing the adhesive 31, for example, 15 seconds. During this heating, it is preferable that at least the surface region of the wiring member 41 is softer than the bus bar electrode 21.
- the bus bar electrode 21 is embedded in the wiring member 41, and the wiring member 41 and the bus bar electrode 21 are joined.
- the manner in which the collector electrode (bus bar electrode) in which the silver powder is mainly hardened with an epoxy resin is embedded in tin as a soft conductor will be described in detail.
- Tin which is a soft conductor surrounding the wiring material 41, has about half the hardness of silver at room temperature. Since the melting point of tin is 232 ° C, it becomes softer and stronger when heated to 180 ° C.
- the second solar cell 1 is placed on the wiring member 42 and lightly crimped, and bonded in the same procedure as described above to join the desired number of solar cells 1 together. To go.
- the warpage of the solar battery cell occurs because the linear expansion coefficients of the wiring material and the solar battery cell are different. Since such warpage is proportional to temperature, if the temperature applied to the wiring material and the solar cell increases, the warpage of the solar cell tends to increase. Therefore, adhesive bonding at low and high temperatures is the most effective means for reducing the warpage of solar cells.
- the bonding means is a resin that can be performed at a lower temperature than the alloy bonding by solder, the warping stress on the front and back of the solar cell can be further reduced, and the warpage is reduced. Generation of noise.
- the wiring material 41 is soft.
- the wiring member 41 and the collector electrode are joined.
- the resin adhesive whose viscosity has been reduced by heating is discharged from the joint between the wiring member 41 and the collector electrode.
- the resin discharged from the joint is covered so as to fill the gap between the wiring member 41 and the collecting electrode balanced by the applied pressure, and for example, the curing is completed 15 seconds after the start of the crimping.
- the resin adhesive shrinks in accordance with the cooling after releasing the pressure.
- the resin adhesive covers and covers the joint between the collector electrode and the wiring members 41 and 42, so that the resin adhesive filled between the two serves not only as an adhesive but also to the electrical joint. Has the function of preventing moisture intrusion. Therefore, oxide formation at the bonding interface is suppressed, and a good contact environment can be maintained for a long time. As a result, increase in series resistance can be prevented and the characteristics of the solar cell module can be maintained.
- the solar cell module is formed on each interface between the wiring member 41 and the solar cell 1 to be joined via the resin adhesive. It is required to withstand harsh and cold environmental cycles assuming the usage environment. That is, in the thermal cycle, the stress generated due to the difference in linear expansion coefficient is repeatedly given to each interface. In order to increase the resistance to this stress, the resin adhesive is required to have an appropriate elasticity corresponding to the tensile, compression, twist, and expansion / contraction ratio as well as the strong adhesive force.
- the resin adhesive can be mixed with fine particles having a property different from that of the resin, preferably about 10 m, to increase the stress resistance without impairing the original adhesive strength of the resin.
- Dissimilar fine particles mixed in the resin can have the same effect as increasing the resistance to expansion, compression, etc. by adding an aggregate and iron to the cement.
- the long-term reliability of the solar cell module can be further improved.
- the wiring material used in the present embodiment is made of tin having a specific resistance of 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ ′ cm, which is approximately one digit higher than that of copper having a specific resistance of 1.7 2 ⁇ ′ cm. Without changing the thickness of the entire wiring material including the soft conductor, the specific resistance is larger than that of the wiring material, and the thickness of the soft conductor is reduced, that is, the configuration of the soft conductor is reduced. The resistance can be made relatively low.
- the present invention may be applied to a normal crystalline or thin-film solar cell that does not have the force HIT structure described by taking the solar cell having the HIT structure as an example. Absent.
- the force S described in the example using the bus bar electrode 21 and the contact with the material forming the alloy as in the conventional case are not required, and therefore the bus bar electrode 21 is not necessarily required.
- the case where a photovoltaic cell is not provided with a bus-bar electrode is demonstrated, referring drawings.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of a solar cell module including solar cells 2 having only finger electrodes 11 as collector electrodes.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the EE ′ cross section of FIG.
- finger electrodes 11 and 21 are formed as collecting electrodes on the light receiving surface and the back surface of solar cell 2.
- the light receiving surface collector electrode (finger electrode 11) of one solar cell 2 and the back collector electrode (finger electrode 21) of another solar cell 2 adjacent to one solar cell 2 are wiring materials 41, 42 is electrically connected.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the FF ′ cross section of FIG.
- finger electrodes 1 1 12 and the wiring members 41 42 are directly joined. Thereby, the electrical connection between the finger electrodes 11 and 12 and the wiring members 41 and 42 is achieved.
- the adhesives 31 and 32 are discharged from the contact interface between the finger electrodes 11 and 12 and the wiring members 41 and 42 and are disposed on the side surfaces of the wiring members 41 and 42. Since the contribution of the adhesives 31 and 32 to the electrical connection between the finger electrodes 11 and 12 and the wiring members 41 and 42 is small, the adhesives 31 and 32 may not include conductive particles.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the GG ′ cross section of FIG. As shown in the figure, an adhesive 31 is disposed between the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 2 and the wiring member 41.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a cross-section taken along the line H ′ in FIG.
- the upper part of the finger electrode 11 is embedded in the wiring member 41.
- the upper part of the finger electrode 11 is embedded in the soft conductor 41 b that is the surface layer of the wiring member 41.
- the adhesives 31 and 32 are discharged from the contact interface between the finger electrodes 11 and 12 and the wiring materials 41 and 42, whereby the finger electrodes 11 and 12 and the wiring materials 41 and 42 are directly connected. Be joined.
- the finger electrodes 11 and 12 and the wiring members 41 and 42 are mechanically joined.
- the force described in the case where the wiring material is copper foil the material of the wiring material may be iron, nickel, The same effect can be obtained even if silver or a mixture of these is used.
- the resin adhesive has been described as having been pre-shaped into a belt-shaped film sheet, but the same applies even if the resin adhesive is in a paste form. Effects can be obtained.
- Figure 14 shows the resistance value of the entire wiring material composed of the wiring material copper and the surrounding soft conductor, even though the thickness of the entire wiring material is the same. The difference in resistance value of each wiring material is shown.
- soldering thickness of 40 Hm was required for soldering.
- the resistance value of an average of 4 ( ⁇ 111 coated material (metal thickness 4 C ⁇ m) of eutectic solder of tin, silver and copper was plotted.
- the wiring material of the present invention was plotted. Plots the resistance value of a copper material with a tin coating of 15 Hm (mesh thickness 15 m), and the effect of the present invention can be obtained if the soft conductor is about 2 am. Therefore, the resistance value of the copper material coated with 2 m of tin (mesh thickness 2 ⁇ m) was also plotted, and the resistance value was measured with a millimeter.
- the warping stress is generated by the differential force of the balance between the cross-sectional area of the wiring material and the cell thickness, and the stress due to expansion and contraction during cooling and cooling.
- the cell thickness is constant, even if a spring material having the same cross-sectional area is used, a hot spring material having a lower resistance than conventional ones is used, and a highly efficient solar cell module can be obtained.
- thin solar cells are used to deal with cracking of solar cells due to warping, it is understood that a solar cell module similar to the conventional one can be obtained even if a wiring material having a small cross-sectional area is used. It was. Thus, it was found that a greater effect can be obtained by relatively increasing the composition ratio of the low-resistance copper material.
- the collector electrode in the conventional structure is printed and formed with a silver paste on the solar battery cell with approximately the same size as the wiring member width, and the wiring member is soldered on the collector electrode. Therefore, the mechanical joint strength between the wiring material and the solar battery cell depends on the strength of the printed collector electrode. As the characteristics of the collector electrode, a low electrical resistance and an alloying action with a eutectic solder are required, so it is necessary to increase the mixing rate of silver particles in the silver paste. Therefore, the adhesive strength with the solar battery cell can be obtained in the balance between the above-described electrical resistance and solderability. Therefore, the adhesive force obtained is lower than that of the adhesive according to the present example mainly composed of resin. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, when the wiring material peeling strength was compared between this example and the conventional structure, there was an average difference of about three times. [0066] Here, a method of measuring the strength material peeling strength will be described.
- a solar cell is laid flat on a flat stage, and a wire with a sharp ridgeline, for example, a metal ruler, is pressed at about 10 mm from the end, and the wiring material is fixed. Gently peeled off to the ridgeline.
- the metal ruler is removed after clamping the wiring material that has been peeled off by approximately 10 mm with the sample clamp attached to the force gauge of the maximum scale lkg with the maximum torque hold function attached in the vertical direction. It was.
- the measurement was performed by pulling up the force gauge vertically upward while pressing the photovoltaic cell in the vicinity of the wiring material to be peeled off against the flat stage. The measurement points for each wire were measured at approximately 10 mm from both ends of the solar cell and at approximately three central points from both ends.
- the graph shown in Fig. 16 shows the measured data that the resistance value of each wiring material varies due to the difference in the thickness of the soft conductive plating layer even if the thickness of the entire wiring material is the same. is there.
- FF fill factor
- a wiring material made of a material (mesh thickness 40 ⁇ m) coated with an eutectic solder of tin, silver and copper on an average of 40 m was used.
- the width of the conventional wiring material was 2 mm and the thickness was 0.15 mm.
- a wiring material in which a copper material was covered with 15 m of tin (mesh thickness 15 m) was used.
- the wiring material of the example had a width of 2 mm and a thickness of 0.20 mm. Therefore, the total thickness of the wiring material including the thickness of the plating and the thickness of the copper material was 0.23 mm in both the example and the conventional example.
- two types were prepared: a case where a bus bar having a width of 0.3 mm was used and a case where no bus bar was used.
- FIG. 16 shows the FF values in the conventional example (soldering) and the examples with and without the bus bar.
- the F. F value was normalized with the average value of 5 samples in the conventional example as 100.
- the solar battery according to the example can obtain a higher F. F value than the solar battery according to the conventional example. However, it was a component.
- FIG. 17 shows FF values after exposing the example and the conventional example to an environment of 85 ° C. and 85% humidity for 1216 hours.
- the F.F value after the moisture resistance test is standardized with the F.F value before the moisture resistance test as 100.
- the temperature cycle test was conducted in the same examples and conventional examples as those used in the moisture resistance test described above. As examples, four types were prepared: a bus bar with a width of 0.3 mm, a width of 1. Omm, and a width of 1.8 mm, and a case without a bus bar.
- FIG. 18 shows FF values after 265 cycles of the example and the conventional example.
- the F.F value after the temperature cycle test is normalized with the F.F value before the temperature cycle test as 100.
- the example had a long-term reliability comparable to that of the conventional example. Further, considering the evaluation results of the solar cell characteristics shown in FIG. 16, it was found that the Example can maintain a higher FF value than the conventional example even after the temperature cycle test.
- the solar cell module according to the present invention is useful because it can suppress the occurrence of warping stress, cell cracking, and electrode peeling on the solar cell.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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US12/438,384 US9660120B2 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2007-08-24 | Solar cell module and solar cell module manufacturing method |
CN2007800312406A CN101506993B (zh) | 2006-08-25 | 2007-08-24 | 太阳能电池模块以及太阳能电池模块的制造方法 |
EP07806044.9A EP2056355B1 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2007-08-24 | Solar battery module and solar battery module manufacturing method |
JP2008530969A JP5213712B2 (ja) | 2006-08-25 | 2007-08-24 | 太陽電池モジュール及び太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 |
US15/197,758 US10043931B2 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2016-06-30 | Solar cell module and solar cell module manufacturing method |
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US12/438,384 A-371-Of-International US9660120B2 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2007-08-24 | Solar cell module and solar cell module manufacturing method |
US15/197,758 Continuation US10043931B2 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2016-06-30 | Solar cell module and solar cell module manufacturing method |
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US (2) | US9660120B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2056355B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5213712B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101342281B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN101506993B (ja) |
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- 2007-08-24 JP JP2008530969A patent/JP5213712B2/ja active Active
- 2007-08-24 KR KR1020097005970A patent/KR101342281B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2056355B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
US9660120B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
EP2056355A1 (en) | 2009-05-06 |
CN101506993A (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
US10043931B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
JP2011086964A (ja) | 2011-04-28 |
CN102122677B (zh) | 2013-11-06 |
JP5213712B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
TW200814340A (en) | 2008-03-16 |
EP2056355A4 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
CN101506993B (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
JPWO2008023795A1 (ja) | 2010-01-14 |
TWI487124B (zh) | 2015-06-01 |
US20160329449A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
KR101342281B1 (ko) | 2013-12-16 |
KR20090061632A (ko) | 2009-06-16 |
US20100126551A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
CN102122677A (zh) | 2011-07-13 |
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