WO2008022543A1 - Dispositif de freinage présentant des surfaces de friction tronconiques, destiné à un treuil électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de freinage présentant des surfaces de friction tronconiques, destiné à un treuil électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008022543A1
WO2008022543A1 PCT/CN2007/002421 CN2007002421W WO2008022543A1 WO 2008022543 A1 WO2008022543 A1 WO 2008022543A1 CN 2007002421 W CN2007002421 W CN 2007002421W WO 2008022543 A1 WO2008022543 A1 WO 2008022543A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
braking
block
brake
engraved
double
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/002421
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kuo-Hsiang Tsao
Yuzhi Xie
Original Assignee
Kuo-Hsiang Tsao
Yuzhi Xie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kuo-Hsiang Tsao, Yuzhi Xie filed Critical Kuo-Hsiang Tsao
Priority to US12/376,876 priority Critical patent/US7857289B2/en
Priority to EP07785323.2A priority patent/EP2053009B1/en
Publication of WO2008022543A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008022543A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B66D1/22—Planetary or differential gearings, i.e. with planet gears having movable axes of rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/12—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with axial effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brake device, in particular to an electric winch cone brake device. Background technique
  • Electric brakes are used to pull and pull animal products by using steel cables. They are used for self-help or mutual rescue in the event of accidents in the wild. In order to avoid the risk of the cable being stalled due to a sudden power failure during the winding process, a safety brake device is provided to ensure operational safety.
  • the disclosed technical solution consists of a reduction gear box, a brake cover, a section of a pinion shaft, a section of mandrel extending from the motor shaft, a ⁇ -shaped block A, a ⁇ -shaped block B, and a brake clutch.
  • Block, elastic element, brake pad, etc. which utilizes a section of the mandrel extending from the motor shaft to drive the brake clutch seat to rotate, and the inner double flange in the brake clutch seat simultaneously drives the outer double flanges of the jaw blocks A and B to rotate.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electric winch cone brake device which has a large braking area, a good brake effect, does not directly wear a reduction gear box, and has a low cost of replacing a consumable part, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • an electric winch cone brake device comprising: a reduction gear body fixed on an electric winch; a brake cover fixedly coupled to the reduction gear body; and being inserted into the reduction gear body a section of the hollow pinion supported by the bearing in the shaft hole; a section of the mandrel extending from the motor shaft extends through the hollow pinion, and the extended end is a polyhedral shape; a ⁇ -shaped block A is sleeved on a pinion and meshes with the pinion The left end face of the ⁇ block A is composed of double slopes The cam surface, the right end surface is axially restrained by the buckle, and the outer circular surface is provided with a circumferentially uniform outer double flange structure; a ⁇ -shaped block B is sleeved on the hollow pinion, and the right end face is opposite to the ⁇ -shaped block A The cam surface of the double inclined surface is engaged, the outer circular surface is provided with a circumferential
  • the left end surface of the beak block B is provided with a ring groove for accommodating the elastic member.
  • the brake pads are arranged 4 to 8 pieces along the circumference.
  • the invention improves the single cone surface into a double cone friction brake, and the brake pad and the reduction box body do not have a friction brake, and the friction and wear are made by the preference of the material of the ⁇ -shaped seat and the ⁇ -shaped block B.
  • the surface is concentrated on the brake pads, and the brake area is doubled to increase the braking force.
  • the brakes are safe and reliable.
  • the brakes can be worn by replacing the brake pads made of friction materials, simplifying maintenance and greatly reducing the cost of use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a tapered winch brake device for an electric winch according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural view showing the state in which the clockwise rotation is not braked according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relative position of the brake clutch seat and the abbreviated blocks A and B when the clockwise rotation is not braked.
  • Figure 4 is a structural view showing the anti-clocking state of the counterclockwise rotation of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relative position of the brake clutch seat and the abbreviated blocks A and B when the counter-clockwise rotation is not braked.
  • Figure 6 is a structural view of the present invention in a braking state.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the relative position of the brake clutch seat and the abbreviated blocks A and B when the clockwise rotation is in the braking state.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relative position of the brake clutch seat and the abbreviated blocks A and B when the counterclockwise rotation is in the braking state.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram showing the relative positional relationship of the present invention in the electric winch mechanism with the clutch device in an off state.
  • Figure 10 is a diagram showing the relative positional relationship of the present invention in the electric winch mechanism in the assembled state with the clutch device.
  • the electric winch cone brake device comprises a reduction gear body 4 fixed on the electric winch, a brake cover 13 fixed to the reduction gear body, and a center of the reduction gear body is supported by a bearing 3 a section of hollow pinion 2, the hollow pinion is of a multi-key structure, a mandrel 1 extending from the motor shaft penetrates into the hollow pinion, and the extended end is a hexahedron 18, and a section of the pinion is divided from left to right.
  • the mounting bearing 3 is also provided with a stirrup seat 5, an elastic member 7, a beak block B8, and a beak block A9, respectively.
  • the outer circumferential surfaces of the crotch base 5 and the crotch block B8 have opposite conical surfaces, and the six brake pads 6 of the double-cone structure provided in the reduction gear body are circumferentially arranged to form frictional contact or disengagement of the double cone surface friction. surface.
  • the elastic member 7 is a pagoda-shaped left-handed spring, and is disposed between the shackle 5 and the shackle B8 made of wear-resistant alloy steel, one end is fastened in a section of the pinion hole, and the other end is fastened in the shackle block.
  • the function of the elastic member is to facilitate the pushing of the beak block B when the brake is not required, so that the tapered surface of the beak seat and the beak block B forms a gap with the biconical surface of the brake pad ( As shown in Figure 2 to 5).
  • the elastic member is pressed, so that there is a reverse thrust and tendency to push the brake pad of the beak B away from the friction surface.
  • the ⁇ -shaped block B has a moderate reverse gyroscopic force with respect to the elastic member.
  • the ⁇ -shaped block B8 uses the axial hole to be sleeved on a section of the pinion 2 without direct transmission relationship, and the inner hole of the ⁇ -shaped block A9 is a spline-shaped perforation, and the spline-shaped tooth of a section of the pinion 2 meshes to form a direct driving relationship.
  • a set of C-shaped buckles 10 on the pinion are axially limited, thereby restricting and preventing the displacement of the ⁇ -shaped block A.
  • the combined end face of the ⁇ -shaped block B and the ⁇ -shaped block A is a cam surface 16 composed of double inclined faces. When the cam faces are combined, the mechanism is in a non-brake state.
  • the beak block A pushes the beak block B to move axially to the left so that the mechanism is in close contact with the brake pad.
  • Status (as shown in Figures 6 to 8).
  • the outer circular faces of the ⁇ -shaped block A and the ⁇ -shaped block B are respectively provided with circumferentially uniform outer double flange structures 15 and 14.
  • a brake clutch seat 11 the central shaft hole is a hexahedral hole, and is sleeved on the end of the section of the mandrel 2
  • the hexahedron 18 of the part is directly driven to rotate with a section of the mandrel, and the brake clutch seat 11 and the brake cover 13 are supported by a bearing 12 which fits the outer double flange of the ⁇ -shaped blocks A and B.
  • the structure is provided with a circumferentially uniform inner double flange 19 structure (shown in Figures 3, 5, 7, and 8), - when the brake clutch seat 11 is driven by the motor shaft to rotate a mandrel 1 (regardless of forward rotation or Inverted), the ⁇ -shaped block A9 is pushed by the double flange 15 of the brake clutch seat by the outer double flange 15, so that the ⁇ -shaped block A is rotated, so that a certain toothed shaft is synchronized by the rotation of the ⁇ -shaped block A.
  • the brake clutch seat is immediately pushed by the inner double flange 19 to the outer double flange 14 of the beak block B, so that the beak block B also rotates.
  • the ⁇ -shaped block A drives a section of the 'toothed shaft to rotate synchronously, and a part of the sprocket is restored to mesh with the aforementioned reduction gear set (not shown), so that the cable can be driven to rotate the coil Retract the cable to lift the weight.
  • the above situation refers to the braking effect between the user lifting the heavy object to the stop time, and another situation that is often used is that the heavy object is suspended from a high place to a low position, in the process, when Use When the heavy object is hung to the hook at the end of the cable and the weight is suspended, the braking action when stopping power as described above and shown in Figs.
  • FIG. 4 Please compare FIG. 4 with FIG. 5, that is, when the two use cases of lifting (heavy object) and hanging (heavy object) by power are known, the block B is slightly shifted to the right to stop the braking action. When the motor is stopped, the braking action as shown in Fig. 8 is quickly generated. In addition, there is also a braking effect when no heavy objects are used and no power is used.
  • the brake function is present in the present invention after assembly, and the brake action is stopped when the motor is started (regardless of whether it is positive or negative), and when the power is stopped or suddenly power is cut off, the brake action is generated.

Description

电动绞车锥面刹车装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种刹车装置， 尤其是一种电动绞车锥面刹车装置。 背景技术
电动刹车是利用钢索的收、 放来拉动物品的， 用于汽车野外遇事故时作 自救或互救。 为了避免钢索在卷收过程中， 突然发生断电造成钢索有失速的 危险， 故设有安全保护的刹车装置， 以确保操作上的安全性。 中国专利号
01229143.9名称为 "动力绞车的刹车装置"，其所披露的技术方案由减速箱体、 刹车盖、 一段齿轴、 由电机转轴延伸的一段芯轴、 锲形块 A、 锲形块 B、 刹 车离合座、 弹性元件、 刹车片等构成， 它利用电机转轴延伸的一段芯轴带动 刹车离合座旋转，刹车离合座内的内双凸缘同时带动锲形块 A和 B的外双凸 缘旋转，此时锲形块 B上的刹车片与减速箱体摩擦锥面仍然保留间隙状态而 不刹车， 当电机骤然停止转动时， 因刹车离合座的惯性使锲形块 B在转动的 同时产生轴向移动， 带动刹车片实现对减速箱体单锥面制动。 该机构的缺陷 是单锥面制动产生的制动面积小、 制动力小， 易产生打滑现象， 而更主要的 是刹车片直接刹车减速箱体的锥面， 容易造成直接磨损减速箱锥面， 使减速 箱锥面失去刹车功能， 就必须更换减速箱体才能解决， 这样既造成维修上的 困难又需付出高额的零件费用。 发明内容
本发明的发明目的皆在克服现有技术的缺陷而提供一种刹车面积大、 刹 车效果好、 不直接磨损减速箱、 更换易损零件成本低的电动绞车锥面刹车装 置。
本发明的发明目的通过下列技术方案实现- 一种电动绞车锥面刹车装置， 包括有： 固设在电动绞车上的减速箱体； 与减速箱体固连的刹车盖； 伸插在减速箱体轴孔中以轴承支承的一段空心齿 轴； 从电机转轴延伸的一段芯轴贯穿空心齿轴， 伸出端部为多面体形； 一锲 形块 A套设在一段齿轴上与齿轴相啮合， 锲形块 A的左端面为双斜面构成的 凸轮面， 右端面以扣环轴向限位， 外圆面设圆周均布的外双凸缘结构； 一锲 形块 B空套在空心齿轴上， 其右端面是与锲形块 A相啮合的双斜面构成的凸 轮面，外圆面设圆周均布的外双凸缘结构，锲形块 B的外缘设有若干刹车片； 一弹性元件套装在一段齿轴上并顶推在锲形块 B上； 一刹车离合座， 其中心 套设在所述一段轴的端部与其多面体形相结合， 与刹车盖之间以轴承支承， 其内圆面设有与所述锲形块 A、 锲形块 B外双凸缘相配的内双凸缘结构， 该 内双凸缘结构可推动锲形块 A的外双凸缘转动进而推动锲形块 B轴向移动； 其特征在于所述的刹车片为双锥面结构， 分别与套设在一段齿轴上的锲形座 和锲形块 B构成双锥面摩擦面。
所述的锲形块 B的左端面上设有容纳弹性元件的环槽。
所述的刹车片沿圆周排列 4〜8片。
与现有技术相比， 本发明将单锥面改进为双锥面摩擦刹车， 且刹车片与 减速箱体不存在摩擦刹车， 通过对锲形座和锲形块 B材质的优选， 使摩擦磨 损面集中在刹车片上， 且增加一倍刹车面积， 使刹车力增大， 刹车安全可靠， 刹车磨损只要更换摩擦材料制的刹车片即可，简化维修，使用成本大大降低。 附图说明
图 1为本发明电动绞车锥面刹车装置分解结构示意图。
图 2为本发明顺时针转动未刹车状态结构图。
图 3为顺时针转动未刹车状态时、 刹车离合座与锲形块 A、 B相对位置 关系图。
图 4为本发明逆时针转动未刹车状态结构图。
图 5为逆时针转动未刹车状态时、 刹车离合座与锲形块 A、 B相对位置 关系图。
图 6为本发明处于刹车状态结构图。
图 7为顺时针转动处于刹车状态时、 刹车离合座与锲形块 A、 B相对位 置关系图。
图 8 为逆时针转动处于刹车状态时、 刹车离合座与锲形块 A、 B相对位 置关系图。
图 9为本发明在电动绞车机构中与离合装置在离状态时的相对位置关系 图。 - 图 10为本发明在电动绞车机构中与离合装置在合状态时的相对位置关系 图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合上述附图对本发明实施例再进行详细描述。
如图 1〜10所示， 电动绞车锥面刹车装置， 包括固设在电动绞车上的减 速箱体 4， 与减速箱体固连的刹车盖 13， 减速箱体中央伸插一由轴承 3支承 的一段空心齿轴 2， 该空心齿轴为多键结构， 从电机转轴延伸的一段芯轴 1 贯穿在空心齿轴中， 伸出端部为六面体形 18， 一段齿轴上从左到右除安装轴 承 3外还分别套装有锲形座 5、 弹性元件 7、 锲形块 B8、 禊形块 A9。
锲形座 5和禊形块 B8的外圆表面具有相对的锥面，与设在减速箱体内的 双锥面结构的 6片刹车片 6， 沿圆周排列形成摩擦接触或脱离的双锥面摩擦 面。
弹性元件 7为宝塔形左旋弹簧， 设在选用耐磨的合金钢制成的锲形座 5 与禊形块 B8之间， 一端扣接在一段齿轴孔中， 另一端扣接在锲形块 B所设 的环槽 17孔中，弹性元件的作用是当不需要刹车时有利于推动锲形块 B，使 禊形座和锲形块 B的锥面与刹车片的双锥面形成间隙（如图 2〜5所示）。在 组装时， 弹性元件受压， 故会存有将锲形块 B的刹车片推离摩擦面的反向推 力及倾向， 故在组装时， 在锲形块 B8与弹性元件 7之间考虑适当的回旋力， 也就是说，将弹性元件的两端分别扣接孔时使锲形块 B相对弹性元件存在适 度的反向回旋力。
锲形块 B8利用轴孔空套在一段齿轴 2上无直接传动关系， 禊形块 A9内 孔为花键形齿孔， 与一段齿轴 2的花键形齿啮合形成直接带动转动的关系， 同时被齿轴上的一组 C型扣环 10轴向限位，藉以限制及防止锲形块 A移位， 锲形块 B与锲形块 A的结合端面为双斜面构成的凸轮面 16， 两者凸轮面结 合时使机构处于非刹车状态， 当两者双斜面构成的凸轮面分离时， 锲形块 A 推动锲形块 B向左轴向移动使机构处于与刹车片紧贴的刹车状态（如图 6〜8 所示)。 锲形块 A和锲形块 B的外圆面分别设圆周均布的外双凸缘结构 15 和 14。
一刹车离合座 11， 其中心轴孔为六面体形孔， 套设在所述一段芯轴 2端 部的六面体 18上， 与一段芯轴形成直接带动转动的关系， 刹车离合座 11与 刹车盖 13之间以轴承 12支承， 该刹车离合座内配合锲形块 A、 B的外双凸 缘的结构而设圆周均布的内双凸缘 19结构 （图 3、 图 5、 图 7、 图 8所示）， -当刹车离合座 11受到电机转轴驱动一段芯轴 1旋转时 （不管正转或反转）， 锲形块 A9会因外双凸缘 15受到刹车离合座内双凸缘 19.的顶推， 使得锲形 块 A跟着转动，使一段齿轴受到锲形块 A的转动跟着同步带动，在带动旋转 的同时， 刹车离合座又会立即以其内双凸缘 19顶推到锲形块 B的外双凸缘 14， 使得锲形块 B亦跟着转动。
当使用者操作将重物 （负载） 吊起时， 按压正转钮以使电机芯轴顺时针 转动， 而当电机运转带动其芯轴转动时， 即会立即带动刹车离合座转动， 且 在瞬间刹车离合座内的内双凸缘顶推到锲形块 A的外双凸缘与锲形块 B的外 双凸缘， 使锲形块八、 B同步受到带动转动 （如图 2〜3所示)， 此时锲形块 A因转动而带动一段'齿轴跟着同步转动， 而一段齿轴恢复与前述的减速齿轮 组 （图中未示） 啮合， 所以能传动带动钢索卷筒转动卷收钢索， 以将重物吊 起。在此同时， 因为锲形块 B亦被带动转动致锲形块 A、 B间的角度差消失， 而使锲形块 B的较缓凸轮斜面会靠近禊形块 A的较缓凸轮斜面 （如图 2〜3 所示）， 且其转动力量大于锲形块 B所受的反向扭力， 再加上弹性元件的反 向推力作用即促使锲形块 B右靠（图 2、 图 4所示）， 故其刹车片脱离与摩擦 面的贴触制动作用， 使能顺利吊起重物。 而当电机停止传递动力时， 电机芯 轴与刹车离合座随即停止转动， 故刹车离合座 11的内双凸缘 19即停止对外 双凸缘 14和 15的推动， 此时重物的重力所产生的扭力经过钢索而拉动钢索 卷筒欲回转， 并经由减速齿轮组传导给一段芯轴 2及锲形块 A皆欲回转， 且 实际上锲形块 A也确实回转一极小段距离，然后随即停止，故瞬间锲形块 B、 A间的角度差又产生，且在此瞬间锲形块 A的较陡斜面已推及锲形块 B的较 陡斜面， 再加上前所述锲形块 B所受弹性元件的反向扭力作用， 故锲形块 B 即被迫左移 （如图 7〜8所示）， 而瞬即产生刹车片与摩擦面贴触摩擦的制动 作用， 且重物扭力越大， 锲形块 A推动锲形块 B的力量也越大， 从而贴触刹 车制动的力量也越大。
以上情形是指使用者将重物吊起至停止时之间的刹车作用， 另有一种经 常会使用到的情形是， 将重物自高处吊下至低处停止， 在此过程中， 当使用 者将重物吊至钢索末端的吊钩并使重物悬空时，即先产生以上所述及图 7〜8 所表达的停止动力时的刹车作用； 接着， 使用者操作电机动力逆时针反转， 使电机芯轴及刹车离合座皆反向转动， 则瞬间， 刹车离合座内的内双凸缘推 及锲形块 B的外双凸缘且亦即推及锲形块 A的外双凸缘（图 4〜5所示)， 而 使锲形块8、 A间的角度差消失， 且锲形块 B的较缓斜面重又靠近锲形块 A 的较缓斜面 （如图 4所示）， 故锲形块 B的锥面即脱离与刹车片摩擦面的贴 触制动作用， 使能顺利将重物吊下。 请比较图 4与图 5， 即知在借助动力吊 起（重物）与吊下 （重物） 二种使用情形时， 锲形块 B皆稍微右移， 停止刹 车作用。 而当电机停止时， 皆迅速产生如图 8所示的刹车作用。 另外， 在不 吊重物亦不使用动力时， 亦存在着刹车作用。
由以上说明可知， 当组装完后本发明即存在着刹车作用， 而当一旦启动 电机运转时 （无论正、 逆转） 刹车作用皆会停止， 而当动力停止时或突然停 电时， 刹车作用随即产生， 且重物愈重刹车力量愈大， 如此方能确保使用上 的方便性与安全性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种电动绞车锥面刹车装置，包括有： 固设在电动绞车上的减速箱体 (4)； 与减速箱体固连的刹车盖 （13); 伸插在减速箱体轴孔中以轴承 （3) 支承的一段空心齿轴 （2); 从电机转轴延伸的一段芯轴 （1 ) 贯穿空心齿轴， 伸出端部为多面体形； 一锲形块 A (9) 套设在一段空心齿轴 （2) 上与空心 齿轴相啮合， 锲形块 A的左端面为双斜面构成的凸轮面（16)，右端面以扣环 ( 10)轴向限位， 外圆面设圆周均布的外双凸缘（15)结构； 一锲形块 B (8) 空套在空心齿轴（2)上， 其右端面是与锲形块 A相啮合的双斜面构成的凸轮 面（16)， 外圆面设圆周均布的外双凸缘（14)结构， 锲形块 B的外缘设有若 干刹车片 （6); —弹性元件 （7) 套装在一段空心齿轴 （2) 上并顶推在锲形 块 B (8)上； 一刹车离合座 （11 )， 其中心套设在所述一段芯轴 （1 ) 的端部 与其多面体形相结合， 与刹车盖 （13) 之间以轴承 （12) 支承， 其内圆面设 有与所述锲形块八、 锲形块 B外双凸缘相配的内双凸缘 （19) 结构， 该内双 凸缘结构可推动锲形块 A的外双凸缘转动进而推动禊形块 B轴向移动； 其特 征在于所述的刹车片 （6) 为双锥面结构， 分别与套设在一段空心齿轴 （2) 上的锲形座 （5) 和锲形块 B (8) 构成双锥面摩擦面。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的电动绞车锥面刹车装置， 其特征在于所述的锲 形块 B (8) 的左端面上设有容纳弹性元件 （7) 的环槽 （17)。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电动绞车锥面刹车装置， 其特征在于所述 的双锥面刹车片 （6) 沿圆周排列 4〜8片。
PCT/CN2007/002421 2006-08-17 2007-08-13 Dispositif de freinage présentant des surfaces de friction tronconiques, destiné à un treuil électrique WO2008022543A1 (fr)

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