WO2007129586A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007129586A1 WO2007129586A1 PCT/JP2007/058994 JP2007058994W WO2007129586A1 WO 2007129586 A1 WO2007129586 A1 WO 2007129586A1 JP 2007058994 W JP2007058994 W JP 2007058994W WO 2007129586 A1 WO2007129586 A1 WO 2007129586A1
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- fuel cell
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- cell system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04649—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/30—Driver interactions by voice
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-141 943
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-504807 Disclosure of Invention
- the scavenging process or warming process (control for low-temperature countermeasures) performed when the fuel cell system is stopped or started is different from the process performed during normal operation.
- control is suddenly performed, the user feels uncomfortable.
- a user who does not know that such control for low-temperature countermeasures is performed is There is a possibility that it may be mistaken as a malfunction despite control for temperature countermeasures.
- the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and provides a fuel cell system capable of notifying the user that control for low-temperature countermeasures is performed without causing discomfort or misunderstanding. With the goal.
- a fuel cell system includes a control unit that performs control for low-temperature countermeasures, and a notification unit that notifies the execution of the control for low-temperature countermeasures. To do.
- the user when control for low-temperature countermeasures (such as scavenging processing at the time of system termination) is performed, the user can be surely notified by, for example, a text message or voice message, and the user feels uncomfortable or misidentified. It does not cause it.
- low-temperature countermeasures such as scavenging processing at the time of system termination
- the control unit performs at least one of a warm-up process at the time of system startup or a scavenging process at the end of the system as control for low temperature countermeasures, It is preferable that the notification is performed using at least one of the sensation media of sound, video, heat, vibration, wind, and smell.
- the control means performs a warm-up process at the time of starting the system and a scavenging operation at the time of the end of the system, and the notification means includes the time of starting the system and the time of closing the system. It is desirable to change the notification mode between.
- the notifying means notifies the time related to the control for the low-temperature countermeasure.
- the notification means includes a display device that displays an image or a character display of the execution of the control for the low-temperature countermeasure.
- the control means performs a scavenging process as a control for low temperature countermeasures, and the time required for the scavenging process from the amount of moisture required for the fuel cell reduced and the state quantity of the fuel cell.
- the estimation means includes the remaining water of the fuel cell at the time A first calculation means for obtaining the required amount of water to be reduced from the amount and the set target residual water amount; and a second means for obtaining a water content reduction amount per unit time of the fuel cell based on the state quantity of the fuel cell.
- the calculation means includes: a third calculation means for obtaining the time required for the scavenging process from the amount of moisture required for reduction of the fuel cell and the amount of moisture reduction per unit time of the fuel cell. Further, it is preferable that the state quantity of the fuel cell includes an output current, an output voltage, an air stoichiometric ratio, an exhaust oxidizing gas temperature, and an exhaust oxidizing gas amount.
- a scavenging time estimation method is a method for estimating a time required for scavenging processing of a fuel cell system, and based on a remaining amount of water in the fuel cell and a set target remaining water amount at the time point
- a first step of determining a required amount of moisture to be reduced in the fuel cell a second step of determining a moisture reduction amount per unit time of the fuel cell based on the state quantity of the fuel cell; and a reduction in the fuel cell
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a configuration in the vicinity of the humidifier according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the control unit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the impedance and the amount of residual water according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a display screen according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a display screen according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing system termination processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the stack moisture reduction calculation processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a system activation process according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a display screen according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a display screen according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram illustrating a display screen according to a modification.
- FIG. 12B is a diagram illustrating a display screen according to a modification. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- a fuel cell vehicle F C H V; Fuel Cell Hyblid
- a fuel cell system mounted on a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle is assumed, but it can be applied not only to the vehicle but also to various moving objects (for example, ships, flying aircraft, robots, etc.) and stationary power sources. It is.
- the fuel cell 40 is a means for generating electric power from the supplied reaction gas (fuel gas and oxidizing gas), and uses various types of fuel cells such as solid polymer type, phosphoric acid type, and molten carbonate type. can do.
- the fuel cell 40 has a stack structure in which a plurality of single cells equipped with ME A or the like are stacked in series.
- the output voltage (hereinafter referred to as FC voltage) and output current (hereinafter referred to as FC current) of the fuel cell 40 are detected by a voltage sensor 14 0 and a current sensor 1 5 0, respectively.
- the fuel electrode 40 has a fuel electrode (anode) with hydrogen gas etc. from the fuel gas supply source 10
- an oxidizing gas such as air is supplied from an oxidizing gas supply source 70 to the oxygen electrode (power sword).
- the fuel gas supply source 10 includes, for example, a hydrogen tank and various valves, and controls the amount of fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell 40 by adjusting the valve opening, ON / OFF time, and the like.
- the oxidizing gas supply source 70 is composed of, for example, an air compressor, a motor that drives the air compressor, an inverter, and the like, and the amount of oxidizing gas supplied to the fuel cell 40 is adjusted by adjusting the number of revolutions of the motor. To do.
- FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the humidifier 43 provided between the oxidizing gas supply source 70 and the fuel cell 40.
- the humidifier 43 is a humidifier that performs moisture exchange and heat exchange between the oxidized off gas discharged from the fuel cell 40 through the water vapor exchange membrane 43 and the supplied oxidic gas supplied to the fuel cell 40. It is.
- the supplied oxidant gas is supplied from the oxidant gas supply source 70 to the fuel cell 40 via the supply gas flow path 44, the humidifier 43, and the like.
- the oxidizing off gas discharged from the fuel cell 40 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust gas flow path 45, the humidifier 43, and the like.
- the exhaust gas passage 45 is provided with a temperature sensor 46 for measuring the temperature of the oxidation off gas.
- the battery 60 is a chargeable / dischargeable secondary battery, and is composed of, for example, a nickel hydrogen battery.
- a chargeable / dischargeable capacitor for example, a capacitor
- the battery 60 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell 40 via a D CZD C converter 13.
- Inverter 1 1 0 is, for example, a pulse width modulation type PWM inverter, and outputs DC power output from fuel cell 40 or battery 60 according to a control command given from control mute 80. Convert to phase AC power and supply to traction motor 1 1 5.
- a motor for driving R that is, a power source of the moving body
- the traction motor 115 and the inverter 110 are connected to the fuel cell 40 side.
- the D C / D C converter 1 3 0 is a full-bridge converter composed of, for example, four power transistors and a dedicated drive circuit (both not shown).
- D CZD C converter 1 3 0 is a function that boosts or steps down the DC voltage input from the battery 60 and outputs it to the fuel cell 40 side, boosts the DC voltage input from the fuel cell 40, etc. Or, it has a function to step down and output to the battery 60 side. Further, the charge / discharge of the battery 60 is realized by the function of the DCZDC converter 13 0.
- a catcher 1 2 0 such as a vehicle catcher or an F C auxiliary machine is connected between the battery 60 and the D CZD C converter 1 3 0.
- the battery 60 is a power source for these auxiliary machines 120.
- Vehicle auxiliary equipment refers to various power devices (lighting equipment, air conditioning equipment, hydraulic pumps, etc.) used during vehicle operation, etc.
- FC auxiliary equipment is used to operate the fuel cell 40. This refers to various types of power equipment (such as pumps for supplying fuel gas and oxidation gas).
- the control unit (control means) 80 is composed of a CPU, ROM, RAM, and the like.
- the temperature sensor 50 detects the temperature of the voltage sensor 140, current sensor 150, and fuel cell 40, battery.
- 60 Centrally controls each part of the system based on sensor signals input from SOC sensors that detect the charge state of 60 and accelerator pedal sensors that detect the opening of the accelerator pedal. Further, the control unit 80 according to the present embodiment performs a scavenging process (control for low-temperature countermeasures) executed when the system is stopped.
- the display device (notification means) 160 is composed of a liquid crystal display device and various lamps, and the sound output device (notification means) 170 is composed of a speaker, an amplifier, a filter, and the like.
- Control mute 8 0 is a display device 1 6 0 and audio output Various control contents are reported using the device.
- This control content includes the control content of the scavenging process executed when the system is stopped (for example, display of a scavenging process end message and calculation of the time required until the scavenging process ends; details will be described later).
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the scavenging process according to the present embodiment.
- the control unit 80 includes a timing determination unit 18, an impedance measurement unit 1 80, a scavenging completion estimated time estimation unit 2 80, a notification control unit 3 80, and a scavenging control unit 4 80. Realize the function.
- the timing determination unit 18 determines the start timing of the impedance measurement.
- the timing determination unit 1 8 detects that the ignition key has been turned off, it determines that the impedance measurement required for the scavenging process should be started, and sends an impedance measurement start command to the superimposed signal generation unit 1 8 2 .
- an impedance measurement start command is sent when the impression key is turned off.
- the timing at which the impedance measurement start command is sent is arbitrary.
- the impedance measuring unit 1800 includes a target voltage determining unit 1 8 1, a superimposed signal generating unit 1 8 2, a voltage command signal generating unit 1 8 3, and a calculating unit 1 8 4.
- the target voltage determination unit 1 8 1 determines an output target voltage (for example, 300 V, etc.) based on each sensor signal input from an accelerator pedal sensor, a SOC sensor, etc., and uses this as a voltage command signal generation unit 1 8 Output to 3.
- an output target voltage for example, 300 V, etc.
- the superimposed signal generation unit 1 8 2 In accordance with the impedance measurement start command sent from the timing determination unit 18, the superimposed signal generation unit 1 8 2 generates an impedance measurement signal to be superimposed on the output target voltage (for example, a sine wave having a specific frequency with an amplitude value of 2 V). Etc.) and output this to the voltage command signal generator 1 8 3 .
- the output target voltage for example, a sine wave having a specific frequency with an amplitude value of 2 V.
- Etc. the voltage command signal generator 1 8 3 .
- each parameter (waveform type, frequency, amplitude value) of the impedance measurement signal may be appropriately set according to the system design.
- the voltage command signal generator 1 8 3 superimposes the impedance measurement signal on the output target voltage and outputs it to the DC / DC converter 1 30 as the voltage command signal V f cr.
- the DC / DC converter 1 30 controls the voltage of the fuel cell 40 and the like based on the applied voltage command signal V f cr.
- Arithmetic unit 1 8 4 is the voltage (FC voltage) V f of fuel cell 40 detected by voltage sensor 1 4 0 and the current (FC current) of fuel cell 4 0 detected by current sensor 1 5 0 I f is sampled at a predetermined sampling rate and subjected to a family conversion process (FFT calculation process or DFT calculation process).
- the calculation unit 18 4 obtains the impedance of the fuel cell 40 by, for example, dividing the F C voltage signal after the Fourier transform process by the F C current signal after the Fourier transform process.
- the calculation unit 1 8 4 outputs the impedance (hereinafter referred to as stack impedance) of the fuel cell 40 thus obtained to the remaining stack water amount calculation unit 2 8 1.
- Scavenging scheduled time estimation unit (estimating means) 2 80 includes a stack residual water amount calculation unit 2 8 1, a stack moisture reduction amount calculation unit 2 8 2, an estimation unit 2 8 3, and a residual water amount comparison unit 2 8 4 ing.
- the stack remaining amount calculation unit 2 8 1 calculates the remaining water amount (stack residual water amount) in the stack.
- the stack residual water amount calculation unit 2 81 stores in advance a function F representing the relationship between the stack impedance and the stack residual water amount as shown in FIG.
- the stack remaining water amount calculation unit 2 8 1 calculates the stack remaining water amount by substituting the stack impedance into this function F.
- the remaining stack amount calculation unit 2 8 1 outputs the remaining stack amount thus obtained to the remaining amount comparison unit 2 8 4.
- the remaining water amount comparison unit 2 8 4 compares the stack remaining water amount W s supplied from the stack remaining water amount calculation unit 2 8 1 with the preset target remaining water amount W o and requires scavenging treatment. Determine whether or not.
- the remaining water amount comparison unit 2 8 4 determines that the scavenging process is unnecessary when the stack remaining water amount W s force S is equal to or less than the target remaining water amount W o, and sends a scavenging process end command to the notification control unit 3 8 0 Send to.
- the remaining water amount comparison unit (first computing means) 2 8 4 determines that scavenging treatment is necessary when the stack remaining water amount W s exceeds the target remaining water amount W o, and By subtracting the target residual water amount Wo from the water amount W s force, the water amount to be reduced (hereinafter referred to as the amount of water required for reduction) Wd is obtained, and this is sent to the estimation unit 2 8 3.
- Stack moisture reduction calculation unit (second calculation means) 2 8 2 calculates the stack moisture reduction amount W dd per unit time. Take away water calculation unit 2 8 2 a, Stack generated water calculation unit 2 8 2 b and recovered water volume calculation unit 2 8 2 c. The specific calculation method of the stack moisture reduction amount W d d per unit time will be clarified in detail in the operation explanation section of the embodiment.
- Estimating unit (third calculating means) 2 8 3 is the amount of water required for reduction W d supplied from the remaining water amount comparing unit 2 8 4 and the unit time supplied from the stack water reducing amount calculating unit 2 8 2
- the time required for the scavenging process (hereinafter referred to as “scavenging required time”) is estimated using the stack water reduction amount W dd, and this is output to the notification control unit 3800.
- the notification control unit 3 80 is based on the notification from the residual water amount comparison unit 28 4 4 or the scavenging required time output from the estimation unit 28 3, and the display device 1 6 0 and the audio output device 1 6 5 Control the output contents.
- a scavenging end message is displayed on the display device 160 (see FIG. 5).
- the voice output device 1 6 5 outputs a voice message or a warning sound indicating that has ended.
- the required scavenging time is output from the estimating unit 28 3
- a message indicating the required scavenging time (estimated time until the end of scavenging) estimated by the estimating unit 28 3 is displayed on the display device 1 6
- a voice message indicating the expected time is output from the voice output device 1 65, while being displayed at 0 (see FIG. 6). The operation at the end of this system is described below.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing system termination processing according to the present embodiment.
- the timing determination unit 18 of the control unit 80 detects that the ignition key has been turned off, it sends a stack impedance measurement start command necessary for the scavenging process to the superimposed signal generation unit 1 8 2 (step S 1 0 ⁇ Step S 2 0).
- the impedance signal generation unit 1 8 2 When the impedance calculation unit 1 8 0 receives the measurement start command, the impedance signal generation unit 1 8 2 generates an impedance measurement signal to be superimposed on the output target voltage, which is then sent to the voltage command signal generation unit 1 8 3. Output.
- the voltage command signal generator 1 8 3 superimposes the impedance measurement signal output from the superimposed signal generator 1 8 2 on the output voltage supplied from the target voltage determiner 1 8 1, and the voltage command signal V fcr Is output to DC / DC converter 1 30.
- the DC / DC converter 1 3 0 controls the voltage of the fuel cell 40 and the like based on the applied voltage command signal V fcr.
- the arithmetic unit 1 8 4 samples the FC voltage V f detected by the voltage sensor 1 4 0 and the FC current If detected by the current sensor 1 5 0 at a predetermined sampling rate, and then performs Fourier transform processing.
- the impedance of the fuel cell 40 (that is, the stack impedance) is obtained by dividing the FC voltage signal after the Fourier conversion process by the FC current signal of the Fourier conversion process (step S 30).
- the calculation unit 1 8 4 outputs the stack impedance obtained in this way to the stack remaining water amount calculation unit 3 8 1.
- the remaining stack amount calculation unit 281 of the scheduled scavenging completion time estimation unit 280 estimates the remaining stack amount from the received stack impedance. Specifically, the remaining stack water amount calculation unit 281 obtains the remaining stack water amount W s by substituting the received stack impedance into the function F shown in FIG. 4 (Step S 40). The remaining stack water amount calculation unit 281 outputs the remaining stack water amount W s thus obtained to the remaining water amount comparison unit 284.
- the remaining water amount comparing unit 284 compares the stack remaining water amount Ws supplied from the stack remaining water amount calculating unit 28 1 with the preset target remaining water amount Wo, and starts (or continues) the scavenging process. (Step S50).
- This target residual water volume W o can be obtained by experiments, for example.
- the residual water amount comparison unit 284 determines the required reduction water amount Wd (varnish residual water amount Ws—target residual water amount). Wo) is obtained (step S 60), and this is sent to the estimation unit 283. Furthermore, the remaining water amount comparison unit 284 sends a scavenging process start (or continuation) command to the scavenging control unit 480, and also reduces the stack moisture reduction amount per unit time to the stack moisture reduction calculation unit 282. Send the calculation command.
- the stack moisture reduction amount calculation unit 282 executes a stack moisture reduction amount calculation process shown in FIG. 8 (step S70).
- the carry-off water amount calculation unit 282a calculates the FC exhaust air amount Aa by substituting the air stoichiometric ratio S a and the FC current I f into the following equation (1).
- the take-off water amount calculation unit 282 a calculates the saturated vapor partial pressure P t by using the FC exhaust air temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 46 (see Fig. 2). By substituting Japanese steam partial pressure P t and FC exhaust air amount A a into the following equation (2), the amount of water taken away Wc is calculated.
- the stack generation water amount calculation unit 282 b calculates the F C generation water amount Wm by substituting the F C current I f into the following equation (3), and outputs it to the recovered water amount calculation unit 282 c.
- the recovered water amount calculation unit 282 c is the FC exhaust air amount calculated by the carry-out water amount calculation unit 282 a Aa (Refer to Equation (1).) Calculate the water vapor exchange rate C r of the humidifier 43. The recovered water amount calculation unit 282 c calculates the recovered water amount Wt by substituting the obtained water vapor exchange rate C r and the supplied FC generated water amount Wm into the following equation (4).
- the stack water reduction amount calculation unit 282 substitutes the FC generated water amount Wm, the recovered water amount W t, and the removed water amount W c into the following equation (5).
- the stack water reduction amount Wd d per unit time is derived, and this is output to the estimation unit 283, and the process is terminated.
- the estimation unit 283 substitutes the stack water reduction amount W dd per unit time supplied from the stack water reduction amount calculation unit 282 and the required reduction water amount Wd supplied from the residual water amount comparison unit 284 into the following equation (6).
- the estimated scavenging time T f is calculated (step S 80) and sent to the notification control unit 380.
- T f [sec] Wd Wd d (6)
- the notification control unit 3 80 displays a message indicating the estimated scavenging time as shown in FIG.
- a voice message representing the time is output from the voice output device 1 65 (step S 90), and the process returns to step S 30.
- the stack residual water amount W s exceeds the target residual water amount W o (step S 40; YES)
- the above-described processing is repeatedly executed.
- the residual water amount comparison unit 28 4 4 performs the notification control unit 3 80 and scavenging control.
- the scavenging control unit 48 0 performs control for terminating the scavenging process based on the command (step S 1 0 0) while the notification control unit 3 80 is
- a scavenging end message as shown in Fig. 5 is displayed on the display device 160, and a voice message indicating that the scavenging process has been completed is output from the voice output device 1 65 (step S1 1 0), and the system ends. The process ends.
- the scavenging process is performed when the system ends.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the activation process according to the present embodiment.
- control unit 80 When the control unit 80 detects that the ignition key is turned on, the control unit 80 obtains the FC temperature T f at the time point from the temperature sensor 50 (step S 310 ⁇ step S 320). Then, the control unit 80 compares the preset allowable temperature Tc (temperature for determining whether or not to allow start by normal operation) with the FC temperature Tf (step S330).
- the control unit 80 warms up (for example, heats the fuel cell by generating power in a high load state). (Step S340). Further, the control unit 80 displays a graph indicating the warm-up state as shown in FIG. 10 on the display device 160 and outputs a voice message indicating the warm-up state from the voice output device 165 (step S 350). .
- the graph shown in FIG. 10 will be described in detail.
- the control unit 80 sets a graph, for example, by setting the current FC temperature T f to 0% and the allowable temperature T c to 100%.
- control unit 80 expands the area that represents the FC temperature (the shaded area in FIG. 10) according to the rise in the FC temperature. Control display over time. This display mode is an example, and what display mode is adopted is arbitrary (described later).
- control unit 80 When the control unit 80 performs such display, the control unit 80 returns to step S320 and executes the above-described series of processing.
- the control unit 80 When it is detected that the FC temperature T f has exceeded the allowable temperature T c (Step S 330; YE S) during the execution of such processing, the control unit 80 operates as shown in FIG. A Ready ON message indicating that operation is possible is displayed on the display device 160, and the Ready ON message is output from the voice output device 165 (step S).
- the change in FC temperature is displayed.
- ⁇ Estimated time from the amount of change in temperature to the permissible temperature Tc time related to control for low-temperature countermeasures; hereinafter, Ready ON scheduled time
- this may be output from the display device 160 or the audio output device 165.
- the scheduled Ready ONE time is displayed, the number of seconds until the start of normal operation can be displayed in digital notation, or the elapsed time with respect to the Ready ONE scheduled time can be displayed in a par graph.
- the Ready ON scheduled time may be corrected sequentially while calculating in real time. However, if precise accuracy is not required (for example, when the Ready ON scheduled time is displayed as a bar graph image) ) You do not need to correct it.
- the warm-up process (control for low-temperature countermeasures) is performed during dredging.
- An image indicating that the machine is being processed for example, an image simulating a penguin; see Fig. 12 A) and a warning mark (see Fig. 12 B) may be displayed on the display device 160.
- the warm-up state is reported based on the FC temperature T f, but if the heat capacity of the fuel cell system 1 ° 0 is known, the warm-up state may be reported based on the heat generation amount. good.
- the control unit 80 first has the following formula: By substituting the FC temperature T f and the allowed temperature T c into (7), the required heat generation amount Q n is calculated.
- control unit 80 calculates the system heat generation integral value D i by substituting the FC voltage V f and the FC current I f into the following equation (8).
- the control unit 80 sets the graph by setting the current system heat generation amount integrated value Di to 0% and the required heat generation amount Qn to 100%. After that, when the warm-up process is started, the area indicating the system heat generation integral value D i expands according to the elapsed time, and normal startup is possible when the system heat generation integral value D i reaches the required heat generation amount Qn. A Ready ON message indicating that the message has been displayed is output from the display device 1 6 0 and the audio output device 1 6 5. In this way, the warm-up state may be reported based on the heat generation amount.
- the modification according to the second embodiment may be applied to the first embodiment.
- the configuration according to the first embodiment and the configuration according to the second embodiment may be combined so that scavenging processing at the time of system termination and warm-up processing at the time of system startup are used together.
- the notification mode indicating the progress of the scavenging process and the notification mode indicating the progress of the warm-up process may be changed. Specifically, you can change the type and color of the image to be displayed, the type and size of characters, the lighting pattern, the type of sound to be output (male, female, etc.) and the type of warning sound. good.
- the display device 1 6 0 and the audio output device 1 6 5 that are notified by a video or sound sensation medium are exemplified, but light, sound, video, heat, vibration, wind, You may use the alerting
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/300,061 US20090208786A1 (en) | 2006-05-09 | 2007-04-19 | Fuel cell system |
| DE112007001137T DE112007001137T5 (de) | 2006-05-09 | 2007-04-19 | Brennstoffzellensystem |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006-130487 | 2006-05-09 | ||
| JP2006130487A JP2007305346A (ja) | 2006-05-09 | 2006-05-09 | 燃料電池システム |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007129586A1 true WO2007129586A1 (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
Family
ID=38667694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/058994 Ceased WO2007129586A1 (ja) | 2006-05-09 | 2007-04-19 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090208786A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2007305346A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20090009311A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101473479A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112007001137T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007129586A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100112390A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-05-06 | Kenji Umayahara | Fuel cell system and activating completion degree displaying method of the same |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4894608B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-10 | 2012-03-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| JP4947362B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-10 | 2012-06-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| JP4868240B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-10 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| JP5319177B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-19 | 2013-10-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池移動体 |
| JP5338489B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-04 | 2013-11-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| JP5423892B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-17 | 2014-02-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、および燃料電池の運転方法 |
| JP5779952B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-13 | 2015-09-16 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料電池システム |
| JP5853733B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-02 | 2016-02-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両 |
| JP6153094B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-14 | 2017-06-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムとその始動方法 |
| JP6772455B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-11 | 2020-10-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 進行状況情報報知方法及び燃料電池システム |
| JP2017117217A (ja) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-06-29 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 制御装置 |
| JP6639350B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-25 | 2020-02-05 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電動車両、サーバ装置及び通信情報端末 |
| WO2019107240A1 (ja) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び設備管理方法 |
| JP7159915B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-01 | 2022-10-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび制御方法 |
| CN112201818A (zh) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-08 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | 一种燃料电池系统冷启动失败保护电堆的控制策略 |
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| US6329089B1 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 2001-12-11 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for increasing the temperature of a fuel cell |
| JP2005141943A (ja) | 2003-11-04 | 2005-06-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
-
2006
- 2006-05-09 JP JP2006130487A patent/JP2007305346A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-04-19 KR KR1020087029925A patent/KR20090009311A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2007-04-19 CN CNA200780022709XA patent/CN101473479A/zh active Pending
- 2007-04-19 WO PCT/JP2007/058994 patent/WO2007129586A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2007-04-19 DE DE112007001137T patent/DE112007001137T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-04-19 US US12/300,061 patent/US20090208786A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2003288928A (ja) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
| JP2004203665A (ja) * | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-22 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | ガラス繊維およびそれを補強材として用いたガラス繊維強化樹脂 |
| JP2004259491A (ja) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-09-16 | Toshiba Home Technology Corp | 燃料電池装置 |
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| US20100112390A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2010-05-06 | Kenji Umayahara | Fuel cell system and activating completion degree displaying method of the same |
| US8980487B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2015-03-17 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and activating completion degree displaying method of the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20090009311A (ko) | 2009-01-22 |
| US20090208786A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| DE112007001137T5 (de) | 2009-04-09 |
| JP2007305346A (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
| CN101473479A (zh) | 2009-07-01 |
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