WO2007093823A1 - Vitrage de vehicule - Google Patents

Vitrage de vehicule Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007093823A1
WO2007093823A1 PCT/GB2007/050051 GB2007050051W WO2007093823A1 WO 2007093823 A1 WO2007093823 A1 WO 2007093823A1 GB 2007050051 W GB2007050051 W GB 2007050051W WO 2007093823 A1 WO2007093823 A1 WO 2007093823A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glazing
coating
vehicle
vehicle glazing
panes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2007/050051
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ashley Carl Torr
Original Assignee
Pilkington Automotive Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pilkington Automotive Limited filed Critical Pilkington Automotive Limited
Priority to JP2008554856A priority Critical patent/JP2009526700A/ja
Priority to US12/279,314 priority patent/US8263228B2/en
Priority to EP07705364A priority patent/EP1986847A1/fr
Publication of WO2007093823A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007093823A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
    • C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/71—Photocatalytic coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/75—Hydrophilic and oleophilic coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to vehicle glazings, in particular to self-cleaning vehicle glazings.
  • Vehicles for example cars and buses, have a number of window openings in their bodywork into which glazings may be fitted; the glazings include windscreens, rear window glazings, side window glazings and roof glazings.
  • the windscreen is a laminated glazing (i.e. having two plies of glazing material joined together by a ply of interlayer material extending between them) for safety reasons, and the remainder of the glazings are usually toughened glass (although laminated side window glazings and roof glazings are becoming increasingly popular in vehicles).
  • the windscreen is a laminated glazing
  • the rear window glazing is usually toughened glass
  • the side window and roof glazings may be double glazing units (i.e. having two plies of glazing material and a sealed airspace between them).
  • the present invention provides a vehicle glazing comprising: two panes of glazing material spaced apart from one another, and a self-cleaning coating extending over the outermost surface of the glazing, wherein the glazing is provided with a solar control function.
  • a vehicle glazing comprising both a self-cleaning coating and a solar control function indeed possesses the desired multiple functionality that is able to provide additional advantages to the owners and occupants of a vehicle into which such a glazing may be installed.
  • the self-cleaning aspect of the glazing whereby the occupants of the vehicle may continually have substantially cleaner windows to look through (compared to windows not having a self-cleaning coating) and the person who washes the vehicle having windows that are easier to clean, the amount of solar heat (as infrared radiation) entering the vehicle may be appreciably reduced, thereby creating a more comfortable environment inside the vehicle for its occupants.
  • the self-cleaning coating extends over the outermost surface of the glazing, it is meant that the coating is on surface one of the glazing.
  • the surfaces of each of the panes of a glazing are consecutively numbered inwardly from the surface that contacts the environment on the exterior of a vehicle to the surface that contacts the environment inside the vehicle.
  • the surfaces are numbered one to four from the outermost to the innermost.
  • the two panes of glazing material may be spaced apart from one another by a further ply of material which extends between the two panes, or they may be spaced apart such that there is a gaseous layer (for example a sealed airspace) between them, as will be described in more detail later.
  • a self-cleaning coating is one which, subsequent to being contacted with water such as rainwater or water sprayed from a source such as a hosepipe, exhibits a reduction in the amount of dirt or other contaminants present on the exposed surface of the coating as compared to a pane of glazing material that is not provided with a self-cleaning coating.
  • water such as rainwater or water sprayed from a source such as a hosepipe
  • the vehicle occupants may also benefit from increased visibility through clearer windows which result from the manner in which water contacts and runs off the coating. Further details of this aspect and of self-cleaning coatings generally will be discussed later in the specification.
  • the glazing further comprises a functional layer that extends between the two panes of glazing material.
  • the self-cleaning coating may possess solar control properties, in which case the functionality of the functional layer would be in addition to this, and would provide yet further benefit to an occupant of a vehicle into which such a glazing may be fitted.
  • the self-cleaning coating does not possess any (or any appreciable) solar control properties, and so the functional layer alone may provide the glazing with its solar control function.
  • the functional layer may comprise a ply of polymeric material that is provided on one of its surfaces with a solar control coating.
  • the ply of polymeric material may be for example a ply of polyethylene terephthalate ("PET").
  • a solar control coating may include either a) at least one silver-based layer or b) at least one tin-based layer. Accordingly the solar control coating may comprise one or more layers of zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and/or silver. Alternatively the solar control coating may comprise fluorine-doped tin oxide. The coating may also include one or more layers of silicon nitride, aluminium nitride and/or nichrome (NiCr). The solar control coating may include a single layer of a metal or other metal oxide. Oxides of metals such as tin, indium, tungsten and molybdenum may be comprised in the single layer of metal oxide.
  • the coating may further comprise a dopant, for example fluorine, chlorine, antimony, tin, aluminium, tantalum, niobium, indium or gallium, so that a coating such as or tin-doped indium oxide may result.
  • a dopant for example fluorine, chlorine, antimony, tin, aluminium, tantalum, niobium, indium or gallium, so that a coating such as or tin-doped indium oxide may result.
  • the solar control coating may comprise a multilayer coating stack which normally includes at least one metal layer or metal oxide layer and at least one dielectric layer.
  • the multilayer stack structure may be repeated to further enhance the solar control function of the coating.
  • silver, gold, copper, nickel and chromium may be used as the metal layer in a multilayer stack; indium oxide, antimony oxide or the like may be used as the metal oxide layer.
  • Coatings comprising one or two layers of silver interleaved between layers of a dielectric such as an oxide of silicon, aluminium, titanium, vanadium, tin or zinc are typical multilayer stacks.
  • the one or more layers from which the coating is formed are of the order of tens of nanometres in thickness.
  • a number of solar control coatings are known in the art, any of which may be used in accordance with the invention.
  • Solar control is one of the functions that the functional layer may provide to the glazing.
  • the functional layer may comprise an electrical device.
  • An electrical device is a device that requires electrical energy to perform its function and has dimensions that make it suitable for inclusion in a vehicle glazing, for example a means of integrated lighting such as one or more light emitting diodes (possibly organic LEDs), a temperature sensor, a light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a capacitive switch/sensor, an optical switch and the like.
  • One or more such devices may be comprised in the glazing.
  • the electrical device may be provided on an electrically conductive substrate, through which the electrical power that it needs in order to function may be supplied.
  • the electrically conductive substrate may be one of two types: i) it may be a coating (preferably an electrically conductive solar control coating) which has conductive tracks suitably formed in it (for example, by laser deletion of the coating), or ii) it may be a flexible circuit board on which conductive tracks are provided. In both cases, the substrate usually also forms part of the iunctional layer. However the coating may alternatively be provided on one of the panes of glazing material.
  • the functional layer may possess (in addition to, or as an alternative to, one or both of the aspects previously described herein) relates to the way in which light is transmitted by the glazing.
  • the functional layer may comprise a visible light attenuation material for dispersing and attenuating light transmitted through the glazing.
  • the light referred to may be sunlight, moonlight, light from a streetlamp, etc..
  • Attenuation and dispersion of light is especially useful if the functional layer also includes an electrical device in the form of one or more light emitting diodes. This is because light emitting diodes are discrete point sources of light, and a light attenuation material may be included and appropriately positioned in the glazing construct to scatter and reduce the amount of light emitted by the one or more diodes.
  • the visible light attenuation material is selected from the group of materials consisting of a liquid crystal film, an electrochromic layer and a suspended particle device ("SPD").
  • a liquid crystal film may diffuse visible light passing through it as well as attenuating it.
  • a liquid crystal film may be electrically switchable between a clear state (resulting from a voltage being applied to the film) and an opaque state (having no voltage applied).
  • the degree to which visible light passing through a liquid crystal film is attenuated and diffused may be controlled by regulation of the voltage applied to the film.
  • the liquid crystal film may be divided into zones, and each zone may be independently switchable.
  • An electrochromic material can similarly be switched between a clear state and a darkened state when a voltage is passed through it, as is known in the art.
  • An SPD may be electrically switchable between a darkened state (having no voltage applied to it) and a state of increased visible light transmittance (resulting from an AC voltage being applied to the device), again as is known in the art. Any known liquid crystal film material, electrochromic material or SPD that is suitable for inclusion in a vehicle glazing may be used.
  • At least one of the panes of glazing material is a body-tinted glass, the composition of which may include one or more of the following colourants: iron oxide, cobalt oxide, selenium, chromium oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide, vanadium oxide, nickel oxide.
  • iron oxide as total iron expressed as Fe 2 O 3
  • it is preferably included in an amount from 0.01 to 3.0 % by weight of the glass, iurther preferably from 0.1 to 2.0 % by weight and most preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 by weight.
  • the more total iron that is present in the glass, especially iron in the ferrous state (Fe 2+ ) the more infrared radiation may be absorbed by the glass.
  • Both panes of glazing material may be panes of glass, and if only one pane is body-tinted, the other pane may be clear. It is also possible that both panes may be clear glass, or both panes may be body-tinted. One or both panes may be toughened glass. Furthermore, a pane of glazing material may instead be made from a plastics material, for example polycarbonate. The panes of glazing material may be flat or they may be curved. Each pane may be between 0.5 and 25 mm in thickness, preferably between 1 and 10 mm, further preferably between 1 and 5 mm.
  • the overall thickness of the glazing may therefore be between 1.5 and 100 mm, preferably between 2 and 50 mm, further preferably between 2.5 and 20 mm and most preferably between 2.5 and 10 mm.
  • the solar control function of the glazing may, additionally or alternatively to the options presented above, be fulfilled by providing a solar control coating (as defined above) on an inner surface of at least one of the panes of glazing material.
  • a solar control coating as defined above
  • an inner surface is meant a non-exposed surface within the glazing, i.e. on surface 2 or 3 of the glazing.
  • a self-cleaning coating may be hydrophilic, hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic (currently described as having a contact angle less than around 30°, greater than around 80° and greater than around 120° respectively) in nature.
  • hydrophilic coating When water contacts a hydrophilic coating, it has a tendency to spread over it, effectively forming a sheet. When encouraged to run off the coating (for example under the influence of gravity), the water remains sheet-like.
  • water contacts a hydrophobic coating it has a tendency to form discrete droplets on the coating, which run off it when encouraged to do so. Such water behaviour may lead to clearer windows, as discussed earlier.
  • hydrophilic coatings are presently preferred.
  • the coating may additionally exhibit photoactivity, such that any dirt or other organic contaminants present on the coating may be structurally degraded when the coating is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, and subsequently washed away by water.
  • Any known self-cleaning coating for example, titania based, silica based and siloxane based coatings
  • Any suitable known technique including sol-gel, spray pyrolysis, magnetron sputtered vacuum deposition and chemical vapour deposition processes
  • a coating comprising only crystalline (anatase) titania appears to be the most effective at the present time.
  • WO 2004/085701 Al describes the deposition process and properties of a titania coating on a substrate intended for use in the building industry. Much of the teaching therein is applicable to the present invention, so the disclosure of WO '701 is hereby incorporated into this specification by reference.
  • a self-cleaning coating may be provided on an underlayer, which would be directly deposited onto the outermost surface of the pane of glazing material in question.
  • An underlayer may be especially useful when the self-cleaning coating is deposited on a pane of glass as it may reduce or prevent migration of alkali metal ions from the glass into the coating.
  • the underlayer may be a silicon-based coating, typically silica (SiO 2 ).
  • the self-cleaning coating may be deposited in a thickness greater than 10 nm, but less than 40 nm, preferably less than 20 nm and most preferably less than 15 nm for it to perform its function most efficiently.
  • the underlayer may be deposited in a similar thickness.
  • the self-cleaning coating may also have a roughness value, Ra, of up to around 5 nm (a high value), preferably around 2 to 3 nm (a low value), but possible less than 2 nm. The lower the roughness value, the more durable the coating is likely to be.
  • the self-cleaning coating exhibits between 5 and 20 % reflection (when measured normal to the coating), iurther preferably between 8 and 18 % and most preferably between 10 and 15 %.
  • reflection values mean that the occupants of a vehicle into which such a glazing may be installed may enjoy increased privacy when viewed from outside the vehicle.
  • the reflectivity of the coating may reduce the visibility from outside the vehicle of elements such as busbars associated with the glazing (for example, when providing electrical power to light emitting diodes), the visibility of which is generally undesirable.
  • the reflection exhibited by the glazing may be greater when measured "off angle" (i.e. at an angle of incidence to the coating other than the normal), especially at angles of incidence greater than 30°, thereby contributing to the solar control iunction of the glazing.
  • a further coating may be provided on the innermost surface of the glazing - this may be a self-cleaning-type coating, for deodorising the environment inside a vehicle when the coating is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, or it may be a low emissivity coating to reduce the amount of heat entering the vehicle (especially useful when one or both of the panes of glazing material are body-tinted glass, which may absorb infrared radiation and subsequently re-radiate the energy).
  • the emissivity of a particular coating refers to the tendency of that coating to radiate energy.
  • a low emissivity coating is a poor thermal radiator (compared to a blackbody entity, which is a perfect radiator and is defined as having an emissivity of unity).
  • a low emissivity coating provided on the innermost surface of the glazing will normally be such that, when applied to 3 mm clear float glass, the coated glass has an emissivity in the range from 0.05 to 0.45; the actual value being measured according to EN 12898 (a published standard of the European Association of Flat Glass Manufacturers). Coatings (when used on 3 mm clear float glass) resulting in an emissivity less than 0.3 are preferred.
  • a hard coating (which when on a pane of glass is typically formed "on-line" by pyrolytically depositing the coating onto a surface of the glass during its formation, in known manner, for example by use of a chemical vapour deposition process) may generally have an emissivity greater than 0.15 (and preferably less than 0.2), whilst an off-line coating (which when on a pane of glass is typically deposited onto the surface of the pane subsequent to complete manufacture of the glass, and is normally a sputtered coating) may generally have an emissivity greater than 0.05 (and preferably less than 0.1). In both cases, the emissivity may be compared with the assumed normal emissivity of clear uncoated glass, which has a value of around 0.89.
  • composition of the low emissivity coating may be the same as that described earlier for the solar control coating: essentially either a single layer of an optionally doped metal or metal oxide, or a multilayer stack including at least one metal or metal oxide layer and at least one dielectric layer.
  • the vehicle glazing of the invention may be in the form of a laminate, having a ply of laminating interlayer material joining the panes of the glazing together. If the glazing includes a functional layer, this may be provided as the ply of laminating interlayer material or it may additionally be laminated into the glazing. In the latter case, the functional layer may be interleaved between two plies of laminating interlayer material to form a composite interlayer.
  • the laminating interlayer material may be any material known in the art that is suitable for forming a laminate. It may be polyvinylbutyral (“PVB”), polyvinyl chloride (“PVC”), polyurethane (“PU”) or an ethyl vinyl acetate (“EVA").
  • the interlayer material may be clear or body-tinted. It may also be infrared absorbing or reflecting (thereby providing, or at least contributing to, the solar control function of the glazing) and/or it may have sound insulation properties (commonly known as an "acoustic interlayer").
  • the glazing of the invention may be in the form of a double glazing unit, having a sealed airspace between the two panes of glazing material.
  • the two panes may be spaced apart from one another by spacer elements located along at least two opposing edges of the panes. If the glazing includes a functional layer, this may be located on a surface of one of the panes of glazing material that faces into the airspace. Similarly, a low emissivity coating may be located on a surface that faces into the airspace.
  • a double glazing unit is the most basic form of a multiple glazing unit; the glazing of the invention may comprise three or more panes of glazing material, each spaced apart from one another by a sealed airspace.
  • a multiple pane glazing unit may have one or more of its panes in the form of a laminated glazing. In such a glazing unit, the laminate ply preferably forms the inner ply.
  • a vehicular glazing according to the invention may be fitted into any window in the bodywork of a vehicle. However, it may be especially used as a roof window.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle glazing according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross section viewed along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross section viewed along line A-A of an alternative construction of the glazing in Figure 1.
  • Vehicle glazing 10 of Figure 1 comprises outer pane of glazing material 11 and inner pane of glazing material 12, and is in the form of a roof window.
  • the outermost surface of the glazing (surface 1 - the outer surface of outer pane 11) is provided with self-cleaning coating 13.
  • Self-cleaning coating 13 may be deposited directly on outer pane 11, or it may be deposited on an underlayer (not shown) to preserve its self-cleaning integrity, as discussed earlier.
  • an obscuration band may be provided around the periphery of glazing 10 to disguise and protect the sealant (not shown) that may be used to fix the window into a vehicle (not shown).
  • An obscuration band is usually made from opaque ink that is screen printed onto a surface of one of the panes of glazing material and subsequently fired.
  • Figure 2 provides more detail about the construction of glazing 10 in that it is a laminate which includes interlayer ply 14 between outer and inner panes of glazing material 11, 12.
  • One or both of the panes of glazing material may be clear glass, having for example a composition ("composition 1") in the range (by weight): SiO 2 68-75 %; Al 2 O 3 0-5 %, Na 2 O 10-18 %; K 2 O 0-5 %; MgO 0-10 %; CaO 5-15 %; SO 3 0-2 % along with other optional additives (such as refining aids) in an amount up to 2 %.
  • one or both of the panes of glazing material may be tinted glass having for example one of the following compositions: Composition 2
  • Base glass (by weight): 72.1 % SiO 2 , 1.1 % Al 2 O 3 , 13.5 % Na 2 O, 0.6 % K 2 O, 8.5 % CaO, 3.9 % MgO and 0.2 % SO 3 , and a colourant portion (by weight): 1.45 % total iron (calculated as Fe 2 O 3 ), 0.30 % ferrous oxide (calculated as FeO), 230 ppm Co 3 O 4 , 210 ppm NiO and 19 ppm Se.
  • Such a glass is currently available as GALAXSEETM from Pilkington Group Limited in the United Kingdom; Composition 3
  • composition 4 Approximately the same base glass as for composition 2, and a colourant portion (by weight): 0.9 % total iron (calculated as Fe 2 O 3 ) and 0.20 % ferrous oxide (calculated as FeO). Such a glass is currently available as OPTIKOOLTM again from Pilkington Group Limited; Composition 4
  • composition 2 Approximately the same base glass as for composition 2, and a colourant portion (by weight): 0.64-0.68 % total iron (calculated as Fe 2 O 3 ), 0.14-0.17 % ferrous oxide
  • composition 2 Approximately the same base glass as for composition 2, and a colourant portion (by weight): 0.6 % total iron (calculated as Fe 2 O 3 ) and 0.14 % ferrous oxide (calculated as
  • composition 2 Approximately the same base glass as for composition 2, and a colourant portion (by weight): 0.58 % total iron (calculated as Fe 2 O 3 ), 0.14 % ferrous oxide (calculated as FeO) and 52 ppm Co 3 O 4 .
  • a glass is currently available as ARCTIC LITETM again from
  • coating 13 is a 15 nm thick layer of crystalline (anatase) titania on an underlayer of 30 to 40 nm thick silica.
  • Interlayer ply 14 is either a 0.76 mm thick sheet of clear polyvinylbutyral ("PVB") ("interlayer A"), or a 0.76 mm thick sheet of tinted PVB that is colour-matched and transmission-matched to a 4 mm pane of GALAXSEETM tinted glass (“interlayer B”), or a 0.76 mm thick sheet of tinted, solar absorbing PVB (code: SB47 252100) currently available from Solutia Inc. PO Box 66760, St. Louis, MO 63166-6760, USA (www.solutia.com) (“interlayer C”).
  • the optical properties quoted in the table are measured as follows:
  • - LT A is the visible light transmitted by the glazing measured using CIE Illuminant A over the wavelength range 380 nm to 780 nm at 5 nm intervals;
  • - RL A is the visible light reflected by the glazing measured using CIE Illuminant A over the wavelength range 380 nm to 780 nm at 5 nm intervals;
  • - RE is the total energy directly reflected by the glazing measured at Air Mass 1.5 according to the ISO 9050:E(2003) standard
  • - TSHT is the total solar heat transmitted by the glazing (i.e. a sum of directly transmitted energy (TE) and energy absorbed by the glazing and subsequently re-radiated) and is calculated using Air Mass 1.5 according to the ISO9050:E(2003) standard
  • TE directly transmitted energy
  • - a* and b* are transmitted colour co-ordinates of the glazing according to the CIELAB system, measured using Illuminant D65 at a 2° observer angle.
  • a vehicle glazing according to the invention may preferably have an LT A less than 40 %, preferably less than 30 % and most preferably in the range from 10 to 20 %.
  • It may similarly have a TE less than 35 %, preferably less 30 % and most preferably in the range from 5 to 25 %. It may also exhibit a colour which falls within the ranges a* -1 to -18; b* -16 to +9, preferably a* -2 to -16; b* -10 to +8 and most preferably a* -3 to -14; b* -2 to +7.
  • the construction of glazing 10 shown in Figure 3 is that of a laminate which includes a double glazing unit as one of its plies (in this case, the outer ply).
  • the double glazing unit comprises outer pane of glazing material 11, middle pane of glazing material 21, spacers 23 which maintain panes of glazing material 11, 21 spaced apart from one another and low emissivity coating 25 on the inner surface of middle pane 21 (i.e. on surface 3 of the glazing).
  • Spacers 23 are used to seal the airspace 24 between panes 11, 21.
  • it may be filled with any other gas, preferably an inert gas that provides the glazing with good thermal insulation properties.
  • the double glazing unit is joined to inner pane of glazing material 12 by an interlayer ply 22 to form a laminate.
  • the composition of the panes of glazing material 11, 12, 21 may be chosen from compositions 1 to 6 described above in relation to Figure 2.
  • each may also include a functional layer within its construct and/or a self-cleaning-type coating or a low emissivity coating on its innermost surface, as described above.

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un vitrage de véhicule comprenant deux carreaux de matériau de vitrage espacés indépendamment l'un de l'autre, un revêtement autonettoyant se prolongeant au-dessus de la surface extérieure du vitrage, et ayant une fonction de régulation des rayons solaires. La fonction de régulation des rayons solaires peut résulter de la présence d'un revêtement de régulation des rayons solaires ou d'au moins un carreau de matériau de vitrage teinté. Le vitrage peut être un stratifié ou une unité à double vitrage et il peut également comprendre une couche fonctionnelle, telle qu'un film à cristaux liquides ou une couche de diodes luminescentes.
PCT/GB2007/050051 2006-02-14 2007-02-06 Vitrage de vehicule WO2007093823A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008554856A JP2009526700A (ja) 2006-02-14 2007-02-06 車両用板ガラス
US12/279,314 US8263228B2 (en) 2006-02-14 2007-02-06 Vehicle glazing
EP07705364A EP1986847A1 (fr) 2006-02-14 2007-02-06 Vitrage de vehicule

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0602933.4 2006-02-14
GBGB0602933.4A GB0602933D0 (en) 2006-02-14 2006-02-14 Vehicle glazing

Publications (1)

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WO2007093823A1 true WO2007093823A1 (fr) 2007-08-23

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US (1) US8263228B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1986847A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009526700A (fr)
CN (1) CN101405134A (fr)
GB (1) GB0602933D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007093823A1 (fr)

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JP2009526700A (ja) 2009-07-23
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US8263228B2 (en) 2012-09-11
US20100221461A1 (en) 2010-09-02
GB0602933D0 (en) 2006-03-22

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