WO2007087989A1 - Oberflächenkonditionierung für thermische spritzschichten - Google Patents
Oberflächenkonditionierung für thermische spritzschichten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007087989A1 WO2007087989A1 PCT/EP2007/000450 EP2007000450W WO2007087989A1 WO 2007087989 A1 WO2007087989 A1 WO 2007087989A1 EP 2007000450 W EP2007000450 W EP 2007000450W WO 2007087989 A1 WO2007087989 A1 WO 2007087989A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shaped
- microstructures
- process step
- metallic
- motor vehicle
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002347 wear-protection layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010284 wire arc spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/47—Burnishing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods for roughening metal surfaces to improve the adhesion of layers thermally sprayed thereon, in particular the preparation of surfaces in the thermal coating of the inside of Zyli ⁇ derbohronne and metallic automotive components with roughened surface, which are suitable for the deposition of thermal spray coatings.
- thermal spray coatings are deposited on metallic substrates, as a rule high mechanical stresses occur due to the high temperature differences between the spray coat and the substrate, which have a negative effect on the layer adhesion.
- conventional thermal spray processes such as plasma spraying, flame spraying, high-speed flame spraying or wire arc spraying, the sprayed particles are deposited in the molten state onto the cold substrate and quenched at a high cooling rate.
- Common wear protection layers may contain ceramic material, such as Al 2 O 3 , SiC, TiC or WC, which only has low physical compatibility with the metal of the substrate.
- a blasting method is known from DE 195 08 687 C2. It discloses a thermal spraying process which refers to irradiation with cold iron shot or other suitable abrasive material such as alumina for pretreatment of the inside of cast aluminum alloy cylinder bores.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for the conditioning of metallic surfaces for Improvement of the adhesion of thermal spray coatings deposited thereon, as well as the provision of coated components with high layer adhesion.
- the object is achieved by a method for roughening metal surfaces to improve adhesion of thermally sprayed thereon layers by recesses or depressions (2) are introduced into the surface in a material removal or material removal treatment in a first step, so that the supernatant of the metal Surface raised microstructures (3), in particular projections, grooves, protuberances or protrusions, with the features of claim 1, by a metallic automotive component with roughened surface, which is suitable for the deposition of thermal spray coatings, with the features of claim 13, and by a metallic motor vehicle component with thermally sprayed tribological or wear protection layer, with the features of claim 15.
- a multi-stage surface treatment process is thus provided.
- a first method step recesses or depressions are introduced into the surface in a material-removing or material-removing treatment.
- a material-removing or material-removing treatment As a result, by the supernatant metal of the surface raised microstructures, in particular projections, grooves, protuberances or bulges are formed.
- the second method step the raised microstructures are deformed in the manner deforming and / or refractive, that a a substantial proportion of the structures forms undercuts with respect to the surface.
- the second method step may also include a removal of material, which is only comparatively small compared to the first method step.
- undercut structures shows the effect according to the invention of an improved surface adhesion of the layer.
- at least 5% of the raised microstructures have at least one undercut region. More preferably, more than 50% of the microstructures have undercuts.
- the total undercut area in the plane parallel to the metal surface is preferably at least 3%, more preferably more than 5%.
- the usual methods for roughening metallic surfaces suitable. This includes, for example, cutting by spindling, brushing, knurling, circular milling or similar methods. Likewise, the sandblasting is suitable.
- Another suitable method is high pressure water jetting, especially high pressure water jets mic abrasive particles.
- the second process step is designed so that only insignificantly or if at all no material is removed from the substrate.
- the second process step aims to change the shape of the microstructures to such an extent that new undercuts are created.
- additional steps may optionally follow, which lead to a further formation of undercuts, or may involve a smoothing of the surface.
- FIG. 1 shows a metallic surface (1) with recesses or recesses (2) and raised microstructures (3) after the first method step
- Fig. 2 is a metallic surface (1) after the second
- Process step with recesses or recesses (2) and raised microstructures (3), which have undercuts (4) in the form of flared tips, 3 shows a metallic surface (1) with recesses or depressions (2) and raised microstructures (3), after the first method step,
- Fig. 4 is a metallic surface (1) after the second
- the surface roughened by the first method step is subjected to rolling, pressing or exposure to solid and / or liquid media.
- FIG. 4 One of the possible effects of this second method step is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
- grooves are introduced into the surface (FIG. 3). This is followed by a lateral bending of the raised microstructures (3) in groove form. This is done for example by a rolling process.
- a Favorce alignment of bent or kinked microstructures can also be done by obliquely applying irradiation or pressing method.
- Suitable jet media are, for example, finely roundish powders with a low abrasive action, in particular as shot blasting.
- abrasive particles should preferably be of the same order of magnitude or finer than the surface roughness of the surface to be irradiated. Preferably, no increase in the roughness depth is effected here, but rather the surface of the microstructures itself is roughened.
- the formation of the undercuts of the second process step takes place by thermal processes.
- this is a thermal treatment of the surface is performed, which leads to a melting of the tips of the microstructures.
- FIG. 3 The effect of this process variant is shown by way of example in Fig.l.
- the first process step grooves are introduced into the surface (FIG. 3). This is followed, for example, by flaming the surface, a partial melting of the microstructures (3). As a result, melt droplets are formed whose shape is maintained after the solidification of the melt (FIG. 2).
- the microstructures (3) have mushroom-shaped or pushbutton-shaped structures and form undercuts (4).
- thermal processes are, in particular, a laser or plasma flame treatment.
- a machining method is used. It is crucial that some of the chips are only partially detached from the material. As a result, the raised microstructures are partially kinked and bent and additional undercuts generated by the chip formation. If machining processes are used in each case for the first and the second process step, the second cutting edge must be correspondingly substantially finer.
- the first method step can produce comparatively rough surfaces, since as a rule the second method step leads to a reduction of the Rz-Wet.
- the surface roughness at Rz values is in the range of 20 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- Rz values in the range of 20 to 500 ⁇ m are preferred set and particularly preferably the Rz value after the first process step in the range of 40 to 100 microns.
- the second process step is performed so that a reduction of the roughness takes place. If, for example, rolling is carried out as the second method step, the roughness depth is reduced markedly as a result of the bending or buckling of the microstructures. Preferably, the second process step leads to a reduction of the surface roughness by at least 30%.
- the second method step particularly preferably reduces the Rz value to a range of 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
- first and second process step are first by sand and / or high-pressure water jets or
- High pressure water jets with abrasive particles recesses introduced into the surface and hollowed out in the second step by high-pressure water jets of lower beam energy Corresponding typical structures after the second method step are shown in FIG. 5. Comparable structures are also available, for example, by the combination of sand and / or high-pressure water jets with subsequent pressing, rolling or flaming. In this way, in particular button-shaped surface structures can be produced.
- the surface treatment is performed so that immediately after the second process step Thermal spray layer (5) can be applied. It is also important to note the removal of any adhering blasting particles or milling residues.
- Particularly suitable spraying methods include flame spraying, high velocity flame spraying, sputtering, plasma spraying and electric arc wire spraying.
- the methods are characterized in that very fine molten or soft droplets or spray particles are deposited, which can penetrate well into the undercuts.
- the second method step can also be restricted to areas of the entire component surface.
- a metallic automotive component according to the invention with a roughened surface which is suitable for the deposition of thermal spray coatings has bead-shaped, mushroom-shaped, button-shaped or hook-shaped raised microstructures in the order of magnitude of 20 to 400 ⁇ m over substantial parts of the roughened surface.
- the essential part of the microstructures has undercuts.
- the metallic automotive components roughened surfaces, which are suitable for the deposition of thermal spray coatings, the roughened surface cup-shaped or upwardly partially closed recesses and depressions in the order of 20 to 400 microns.
- the cups and partially closed structures form undercuts with respect to the component surface.
- the undercut surface in the plane parallel to the metal surface is at least 3%.
- the undercut area is in the range of 5 to 30%.
- Another aspect relates to metallic automotive components having a thermally sprayed tribological or wear protection layer deposited on a roughened and undercut surface.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 Typical examples of such coated components are shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 as a cross-section across the layer plane.
- a penetration layer (6) into which protrude from the surface (1) bead-shaped, mushroom-shaped, button-shaped or hook-shaped microstructures (3) having a size of 20 to 400 microns.
- the width of the microstructures is about 20 to 100 microns, the height at about 30 to 120 microns.
- the layers (5) deposited by means of arc wire spraying also extend over the undercut areas (4) over the entire area.
- microstructures of the surface according to FIG. 8 were produced by a combination of high pressure water jets with abrasive particles and subsequent high pressure water jetting.
- the deposition of the layer was carried out by high-speed flame spraying.
- the structures are considerably finer compared to those of FIGS. 6 and 7.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/162,351 US8209831B2 (en) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-01-19 | Surface conditioning for thermal spray layers |
JP2008552714A JP4866917B2 (ja) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-01-19 | 溶射層用の表面調整方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006004769.9 | 2006-02-02 | ||
DE102006004769.9A DE102006004769B4 (de) | 2006-02-02 | 2006-02-02 | Oberflächenkonditionierung für thermische Spritzschichten |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007087989A1 true WO2007087989A1 (de) | 2007-08-09 |
Family
ID=37885900
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/000450 WO2007087989A1 (de) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-01-19 | Oberflächenkonditionierung für thermische spritzschichten |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8209831B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4866917B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101379212A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006004769B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007087989A1 (de) |
Cited By (21)
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DE202009014180U1 (de) | 2008-10-23 | 2010-01-07 | Gehring Technologies Gmbh | Metallisches Substrat mit einer zum Aufbringen einer thermischen Spritzschicht geeigneten Oberfläche |
WO2010015229A1 (de) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-11 | Honsel Ag | Verfahren und werkzeug zur erzeugung einer oberfläche vorbestimmter rauheit |
EP2267178A2 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-29 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC | Verfahren zum Aufrauhen von Metalloberflächen |
CN102016098A (zh) * | 2008-04-21 | 2011-04-13 | 福特全球技术公司 | 制备用于施以热喷涂层的表面的方法 |
DE102010014689A1 (de) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-13 | Nemak Dillingen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Oberfläche eines Werkstücks, Motorblock-Rohteil und Motorblock |
DE102010016745A1 (de) * | 2010-05-03 | 2011-11-03 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur strukturierten Vorbehandlung einer Lauffläche |
EP2336380A3 (de) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-11-23 | KS Aluminium-Technologie GmbH | Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Oberflächenbehandlung |
FR2970976A1 (fr) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-03 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de preparation de la surface interieure d'un fut de carter cylindres pour l'application d'un revetement, procede de revetement par projection, et vehicule correspondant |
DE102011006659A1 (de) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-04 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils, Bauteil und Turbomaschine mit Bauteil |
US8726874B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 | 2014-05-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cylinder bore with selective surface treatment and method of making the same |
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US8877285B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2014-11-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Process for repairing a cylinder running surface by means of plasma spraying processes |
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US9194243B2 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2015-11-24 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Substrate features for mitigating stress |
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US9713912B2 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2017-07-25 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Features for mitigating thermal or mechanical stress on an environmental barrier coating |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4866917B2 (ja) | 2012-02-01 |
DE102006004769A1 (de) | 2007-08-09 |
CN101379212A (zh) | 2009-03-04 |
US20090175571A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
DE102006004769B4 (de) | 2022-05-25 |
JP2009525403A (ja) | 2009-07-09 |
US8209831B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 |
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