WO2007039421A1 - Polymères et compositions de revêtement résistants à la rayure - Google Patents

Polymères et compositions de revêtement résistants à la rayure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007039421A1
WO2007039421A1 PCT/EP2006/066315 EP2006066315W WO2007039421A1 WO 2007039421 A1 WO2007039421 A1 WO 2007039421A1 EP 2006066315 W EP2006066315 W EP 2006066315W WO 2007039421 A1 WO2007039421 A1 WO 2007039421A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tert
hydroxy
bis
polymer
butyl
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PCT/EP2006/066315
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English (en)
Inventor
Ashutosh H. Sharma
Peter Shelsey Solera
Sarah Root Kaspers
Original Assignee
Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc.
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Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. filed Critical Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc.
Priority to EP06793477A priority Critical patent/EP1926777A1/fr
Priority to CA002621186A priority patent/CA2621186A1/fr
Priority to CN2006800350051A priority patent/CN101268144B/zh
Priority to BRPI0616087-5A priority patent/BRPI0616087A2/pt
Priority to JP2008531675A priority patent/JP2009509016A/ja
Publication of WO2007039421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007039421A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/20—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D151/06—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D177/00—Coating compositions based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C08L2666/14—Macromolecular compounds according to C08L59/00 - C08L87/00; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention is aimed at scratch resistant polymer and coating compositions.
  • the invention is also aimed at a method of imparting scratch resistance to polymer and coating compositions by incorporating therein certain anti-scratch additives.
  • the polymer compositions are for example nylon, ABS, polycarbonate, polyester, polyvinyl chloride or blends thereof.
  • the molded parts are useful for example in automotive applications.
  • the coatings compositions are for example alkyd, acrylic, acrylic alkyd, polyester, cross-linked epoxide, or polyurethane based.
  • the coatings are useful for example as architectural coatings or as automobile finishes.
  • thermoplastic olefin compositions comprising mar resistance additives selected from polysiloxanes, metal stearates, saturated fatty acid amides and unsaturated fatty acid amides.
  • JP-A-2002338778 teaches a graft copolymer compositions comprising fatty acid amides.
  • U.S. 5,731 ,376 discloses polypropylene block copolymer with improved scratch resistance by inclusion of a polyorganosiloxane.
  • the compositions may further include a fatty acid amide.
  • U.S. 5,585,420 teaches scratch resistant polyolefin compositions comprising a plate like inorganic filler.
  • the compositions may further comprise high rubber ethylene-propylene copolymers, fatty acid amides, polyorganosiloxanes or epoxy resins.
  • JP-A-2002003692 discloses polypropylene resin comprising fatty acid amides.
  • JP-A-62072739 is aimed at molded articles for automobile parts made by compounding a specific polyolefin with a rubbery substance and a specific amount of mica of a specific par- ticle size.
  • the polyolefin consists of a certain polypropylene and a polyolefin modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid (anhydride), for example maleic anhydride.
  • JP-A-63017947 is aimed at scratch resistant propylene polymer compositions.
  • JP-A-2001261902 is aimed at polypropylene resin compositions useful as molding material for preparation of interior trims.
  • Polyanhydride resins are described in a CPChem Specialty Chemicals data sheet of 2004.
  • the present invention therefore provides a polymer and a coating composition with improved scratch resistance and light stability comprising a) a polymer substrate or a film forming binder, b) a carboxylic acid reagent functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer, and c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide;
  • the polymer substrate is not comprised solely of polyolefin or rubber modified polyolefin.
  • the present invention provides also a method for providing scratch resistance to a polymer substrate and a coating composition comprising a film forming binder, which method comprises incorporating into said polymer or coating composition an effective amount of an additive combination of b) a carboxylic acid reagent functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer and c) a primary or secondary fatty acid amide;
  • the polymer substrate is not comprised solely of polyolefin or rubber modified polyolefin.
  • Rubber modified polyolefins are also known as thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO). TPO is disclosed for example in U.S. 6,048,942. Polyolefins and rubber modified polyolefins may not solely be the polymer substrate of the present compositions. Not excluded as polymer substrates are copolymers of polyolefins with other polymers or blends of polyolefins with other polymers as described below.
  • the polymer substrates to be provided anti-scratch properties are for example:
  • Polystyrene poly(p-methylstyrene), poly( ⁇ -methylstyrene), high impact polystyrene.
  • Homopolymers and copolymers may have any stereostructure including syndiotactic, isotac- tic, hemi-isotactic or atactic. Stereoblock polymers are also included.
  • Copolymers including aforementioned vinyl aromatic monomers and comonomers selected from ethylene, propylene, dienes, nitriles, acids, maleic anhydrides, maleimides, vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride or acrylic derivatives and mixtures thereof, for example styrene/butadiene, styrene/acrylonitrile, styrene/ethylene (interpolymers), styrene/alkyl methacrylate, styrene/butadiene/alkyl acrylate, styrene/butadiene/alkyl methacrylate, styrene/maleic anhydride, styrene/acrylonitrile/methyl acrylate; mixtures of high impact strength of styrene copolymers and another polymer, for example a polyacrylate, a diene polymer or an ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymer; and block copolymers of sty
  • Hydrogenated aromatic polymers derived from hydrogenation of polymers mentioned under 2. especially including polycyclohexylethylene (PCHE) prepared by hydrogenating atactic polystyrene, often referred to as polyvinylcyclohexane (PVCH).
  • PCHE polycyclohexylethylene
  • PVCH polyvinylcyclohexane
  • Graft copolymers of vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene or ⁇ -methylstyrene, for example styrene on polybutadiene, styrene on polybutadiene-styrene or polybutadiene-acry- lonitrile copolymers; styrene and acrylonitrile (or methacrylonitrile) on polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate on polybutadiene; styrene and maleic anhydride on polybutadiene; styrene, acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride or maleimide on polybutadiene; styrene and maleimide on polybutadiene; styrene and alkyl acrylates or methacrylates on polybutadiene; styrene and acrylonitrile on ethylene/propylene/diene terpoly
  • Halogen-containing polymers such as polychloroprene, chlorinated rubbers, chlorinated and brominated copolymer of isobutylene-isoprene (halobutyl rubber), chlorinated or sulfo- chlorinated polyethylene, copolymers of ethylene and chlorinated ethylene, epichlorohydrin homo- and copolymers, especially polymers of halogen-containing vinyl compounds, for example polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, as well as copolymers thereof such as vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers.
  • halogen-containing polymers such as polychloroprene, chlorinated rubbers, chlorinated and brominated copolymer of isobutylene-isoprene (halobutyl rubber), chlorin
  • Polymers derived from ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated acids and derivatives thereof such as polyacry- lates and polymethacrylates; polymethyl methacrylates, polyacrylamides and polyacryloni- triles, impact-modified with butyl acrylate.
  • Copolymers of the monomers mentioned under 9) with each other or with other unsaturated monomers for example acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrile/alkyl acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile/alkoxyalkyl acrylate or acrylonitrile/vinyl halide copolymers or acrylonitrile/ alkyl methacrylate/butadiene terpolymers.
  • Polymers derived from unsaturated alcohols and amines or the acyl derivatives or ace- tals thereof for example polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl stearate, polyvinyl benzoate, polyvinyl maleate, polyvinyl butyral, polyallyl phthalate or polyallyl melamine; as well as their copolymers with olefins mentioned in 1 ) above.
  • Polyacetals such as polyoxymethylene and those polyoxymethylenes which contain ethylene oxide as a comonomer; polyacetals modified with thermoplastic polyurethanes, acry- lates or MBS.
  • Polyamides and copolyamides derived from diamines and dicarboxylic acids and/or from aminocarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactams for example polyamide 4, polyamide 6, polyamide 6/6, 6/10, 6/9, 6/12, 4/6, 12/12, polyamide 1 1 , polyamide 12, aromatic polyamides starting from m-xylene diamine and adipic acid; polyamides prepared from hexamethylenediamine and isophthalic or/and terephthalic acid and with or without an elastomer as modifier, for example poly-2,4,4,-trimethylhexamethylene terephthalamide or poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide; and also block copolymers of the aforementioned polyamides with polyolefins, olefin copolymers, ionomers or chemically bonded or grafted elastomers; or with polyethers, e.g. with polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetram
  • Polyureas Polyureas, polyimides, polyamide-imides, polyetherimids, polyesterimids, polyhydantoins and polybenzimidazoles.
  • Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and diols and/or from hydroxycarboxylic acids or the corresponding lactones for example polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-i ⁇ -dimethylolcyclohexane terephthalate, polyalkylene naphthalate (PAN) and polyhydroxybenzoates, as well as block copolyether esters derived from hydroxyl-terminated polyethers; and also polyesters modified with polycarbonates or MBS.
  • PC Polycarbonates
  • polyester carbonates
  • Unsaturated polyester resins derived from copolyesters of saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols and vinyl compounds as crosslinking agents, and also halogen-containing modifications thereof of low flammability.
  • Blends of the aforementioned polymers for example, Polyamide/EPDM or ABS, PVC/EVA, PVC/ABS, PVC/MBS, PC/ABS, PBTP/ABS, PC/ASA, PC/PBT, PVC/CPE, PVC/acrylates, POM/thermoplastic PUR, PC/thermoplastic PUR, POM/acrylate, POM/MBS, PPO/HIPS, PPO/PA 6.6 and copolymers, PA/HDPE, PA/PP, PA/PPO, PBT/PC/ABS or PBT/PET/PC.
  • polyblends for example, Polyamide/EPDM or ABS, PVC/EVA, PVC/ABS, PVC/MBS, PC/ABS, PBTP/ABS, PC/ASA, PC/PBT, PVC/CPE, PVC/acrylates, POM/thermoplastic PUR, PC/thermoplastic PUR, POM/acrylate, POM/MBS, PPO/HIPS, PPO/
  • Ethylene/alkyl acrylate copolymers ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymers, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers or ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers and their salts (ionomers) and mixtures of such copolymers with others, for example LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), LDPE/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers (EAA), LLDPE/EVA, LLDPE/EAA and alternating or random polyalkylene/carbon monoxide copolymers and mixtures thereof with other polymers, for example polyamides.
  • EVA LDPE/ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
  • EAA LDPE/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers
  • LLDPE/EVA LLDPE/EVA
  • LLDPE/EAA LLDPE/EVA
  • LLDPE/EAA alternating or random polyalkylene/carbon monoxide copolymers and mixtures
  • the present polymer substrates are acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer (ABS), styrene/butadiene/styrene copolymer (SBS), styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), acrylonitrile/styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (ASA), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), poly- ethylene terephthalate (PET), unsaturated polyester (UPES), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic urethane (TPU), polystyrene (PS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), polycarbonate (PC), PC/ABS blend, ABS/PBT blend, polyvinyl chloride (PVC); PVC blends such as PVC/ABS, PVC/ASA or PVC/acrylate or ionomers.
  • ABS acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer
  • SBS st
  • the present polymer substrates are ABS, PBT, PVC, PET, nylon 6, nylon 6'6, ABS/PBT, PC/ABS or ionomers.
  • the film forming binder can in principle be any binder which is customary in industry, for example those described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Vol. A18, pp. 368-426, VCH, Weinheim 1991. In general, it is a film forming binder based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin, predominantly on a thermosetting resin. Examples thereof are alkyd, acrylic, acrylic alkyd, polyester, phenolic, melamine, epoxy and polyure- thane resins and mixtures thereof.
  • Component a) can be a cold-curable or hot-curable binder; the addition of a curing catalyst may be advantageous.
  • Suitable catalysts which accelerate curing of the binder are described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. A18, p.469, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim 1991.
  • the present coatings are for example employed as a top coat for automobiles or as a wood coating.
  • component a) is a binder comprising a functional acrylate resin and a crosslinking agent.
  • coatings compositions containing specific binders are:
  • Two-component paints based on acrylate resins containing anhydride groups and on a polyhydroxy or polyamino component are used.
  • thermoplastic polyacrylate paints based on thermoplastic acrylate resins or externally crosslinking acrylate resins in combination with etherified melamine resins. 14. Paint systems based on siloxane-modified or fluorine-modified acrylate resins.
  • the film forming binder is an alkyd, acrylic or an acrylic alkyd resin, preferably an acrylic resin.
  • the coatings compositions according to the invention may comprise a light stabilizer of the sterically hindered amine type, the 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1 ,3,5-triazine and/or 2-hydroxyphenyl-2H-benzotriazole type.
  • the light stabilizers are:
  • 2-(2-Hvdroxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazoles for example known commercial hydroxyphenyl-2H- benzotriazoles and benzotriazoles as disclosed in, United States Patent Nos. 3,004,896; 3,055,896; 3,072,585; 3,074,910; 3,189,615; 3,218,332; 3,230,194; 4,127,586; 4,226,763; 4,275,004; 4,278,589; 4,315,848; 4,347,180; 4,383,863; 4,675,352; 4,681 ,905, 4,853,471 ; 5,268,450; 5,278,314; 5,280,124; 5,319,091 ; 5,410,071 ; 5,436,349; 5,516,914; 5,554,760; 5,563,242; 5,574,166; 5,607,987, 5,977,219 and 6,166,218 such as 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotri
  • Sterically hindered amine stabilizers for example 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1- allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-benzyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperi- dine, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) succinate, bis(1 ,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1 -octyloxy-2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-4- piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1 ,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydr- oxybenzylmalonate, the condensate of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy
  • the sterically hindered amine may also be one of the compounds described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,783, that is compounds of component l-a), l-b), l-c), l-d), l-e), l-f), l-g), l-h), l-i), l-j), l-k) or l-l), in particular the light stabilizer 1-a-1 , 1-a-2, 1-b-1 , 1-C-1 , 1-C-2, 1-d-1 , 1-d-2, 1-d-3, 1-e-1 , 1 -f - 1 , 1-g-1 , 1-g-2 or 1-k-1 listed on columns 64-72 of said U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,783;
  • the sterically hindered amine may also be one of the compounds described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,046,304 and 6,297,299, for example compounds as described in claims 10 or 38 or in Examples 1-12 or D-1 to D-5 therein;
  • Sterically hindered amines substituted on the N-atom by a hydroxy-substituted alkoxy group for example compounds such as 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-octadecanoyloxy-2, 2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-hexadecanoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetra- methylpiperidine, the reaction product of 1-oxyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine with a carbon radical from t-amylalcohol, 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetra- methylpiperidine, 1 -(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, bis(1 - (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, bis(1 -(2-hydroxy-2
  • Tris-aryl-o-hydroxyphenyl-s-triazines for example known commercial tris-aryl-o-hydroxyphe- nyl-s-triazines and triazines as disclosed in, United States Patent Numbers. 3,843,371 ; 4,619,956; 4,740,542; 5,096,489; 5,106,891 ; 5,298,067; 5,300,414; 5,354,794; 5,461 ,151 ; 5,476,937; 5,489,503; 5,543,518; 5,556,973; 5,597,854; 5,681 ,955; 5,726,309; 5,736,597; 5,942,626; 5,959,008; 5,998,1 16; 6,013,704; 6,060,543; 6,242,598 and 6,255,483, for example 4,6-bis-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-4- octyloxyphenyl)-s
  • the coatings compositions may also comprise further components, examples being solvents, pigments, dyes, plasticizers, stabilizers, thixotropic agents, drying catalysts and/or levelling agents.
  • solvents examples being solvents, pigments, dyes, plasticizers, stabilizers, thixotropic agents, drying catalysts and/or levelling agents.
  • examples of possible components are those described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Vol. A18, pp. 429-471 , VCH, Weinheim 1991.
  • Possible drying catalysts or curing catalysts are, for example, organometallic compounds, amines, amino-containing resins and/or phosphines.
  • organometallic compounds are metal carboxylates, especially those of the metals Pb, Mn, Co, Zn, Zr or Cu, or metal chelates, especially those of the metals Al, Ti or Zr, or organometallic compounds such as organotin compounds, for example.
  • metal carboxylates are the stearates of Pb, Mn or Zn, the octoates of Co, Zn or Cu, the naphthenates of Mn and Co or the corresponding linoleates, resinates or tallates.
  • metal chelates are the aluminium, titanium or zirconium chelates of acetylace- tone, ethyl acetylacetate, salicylaldehyde, salicylaldoxime, o-hydroxyacetophenone or ethyl trifluoroacetylacetate, and the alkoxides of these metals.
  • organotin compounds are dibutyltin oxide, dibutyltin dilaurate or dibutyltin dioc-year.
  • amines are, in particular, tertiary amines, for example tributylamine, triethanol- amine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N-dimethylethanolamine, N-ethylmorpholine, N-methylmor- pholine or diazabicyclooctane (triethylenediamine) and salts thereof.
  • quaternary ammonium salts for example trimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
  • Amino-containing resins are simultaneously binder and curing catalyst. Examples thereof are amino-containing acrylate copolymers.
  • the curing catalyst used can also be a phosphine, for example triphenylphosphine.
  • the coatings compositions can also be radiation-curable coating compositions.
  • the binder essentially comprises monomeric or oligomeric compounds containing ethyleni- cally unsaturated bonds, which after application are cured by actinic radiation, i.e. converted into a crosslinked, high molecular weight form.
  • actinic radiation i.e. converted into a crosslinked, high molecular weight form.
  • the system is UV-curing, it generally contains a photoinitiator as well.
  • Corresponding systems are described in the abovemen- tioned publication Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Vol. A18, pages 451-453.
  • compositions according to the invention can be applied to any desired substrates, for example to metal, wood, plastic or ceramic materials. They are for example used as a top coat in the finishing of automobiles.
  • present coatings compositions for protecting a wood surface, e.g. by incorporation of present components b) and c) into a varnish, paint, stain or impregnation on wood.
  • present invention therefore also pertains to a method for providing scratch and mar resistance to a wood surface, which method comprises applying a present coatings composition, especially a varnish, paint, stain or impregnation on wood.
  • Components b) and c) may be applied as part of a stain or impregnation or as part of a top coat.
  • a solvent selected e.g. from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, esters, ketones, glycols, glycol ethers, glycol esters, polyglycols or mixtures thereof.
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of alkyd resins, modified alkyd resins, autocrosslinking or non-autocrosslinking acrylic resins, polyester resins, drying oils, phenolic resins, nitrocellulose or mixtures thereof.
  • fungicides like fungicides or insecticides are possible.
  • fungicides are tributyltin oxide, phenylmercury salts, copper naphthenate, 1 -chloronaphthalene or pentachlorophenol.
  • useful insecticides are DDT, dieldrin, lindane, azaconazol, cypermethin, benzalkoniumhydrochloride, propiconazol or parathion.
  • Any coating composition suitable for coating wood may be used as a top coat. It will normally contain a binder, dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent or in water or a mixture of water and solvent.
  • the binder may typically be a surface coating resin which dries in the air or hardens at room temperature.
  • binders are nitrocellulose, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, unsaturated polyester resins, polyacrylates, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, and especially alkyd resins.
  • the binder may also be a mixture of different surface coating resins.
  • the binders are curable binders, they are normally used together with a hardener and/or accelerator.
  • the top coat may also be a radiation-curable, solvent-free formulation of photopolymerizable compounds.
  • Illustrative examples are mixtures of acrylates or methacrylates, unsaturated polyester/styrene mixtures or mixtures of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers or oligomers.
  • the top coat may contain a soluble dye and/or a pigment and/or a filler.
  • the pigment may be an organic, inorganic or metallic pigment.
  • the pigments may be opaque or transparent such as for example transparent iron oxides.
  • the filler may be typically kaolin, calcium carbonate or aluminium silicate.
  • the top coat is a clear varnish, i.e. it contains no undissolved components.
  • the present invention is particularly useful for the following applications: in home applications, such as furniture, wood floors, chipboards or timber work; outdoor applications such as fences, construction parts, wooden fronts, window frames and the like.
  • the present coatings compositions may be applied to the substrates by the customary methods, for example by brushing, spraying, pouring, dipping or electrophoresis; see also Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Vol. A18, pp. 491-500.
  • the coatings may be cured at room temperature or by heating.
  • the coatings may for example be cured at 50 - 15O 0 C, and in the case of powder coatings or coil coatings even at higher temperatures.
  • the coatings compositions can comprise an organic solvent or solvent mixture in which the binder is soluble.
  • the coatings compositions can otherwise be an aqueous solution or dispersion.
  • the vehicle can also be a mixture of organic solvent and water.
  • the coating composition may be a high-solids paint or can be solvent-free (e.g. a powder coating material). Powder coatings are, for example, those described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed., A18, pages 438-444.
  • the powder coating material may also have the form of a powder-slurry (dispersion of the powder preferably in water).
  • the pigments can be inorganic, organic or metallic pigments.
  • the present coatings compositions may contain no pigments and are used as a clearcoat.
  • the olefin polymers or copolymers of the functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers of component b) are for example polypropylene homo- and copolymers and polyethylene homo- and copolymers.
  • polypropylene high density polyethylene (HDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), polypropylene random and impact (heterophasic) copolymers, propylene/ethylene copolymers or ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers.
  • component (b) is an olefin polymer or copolymer grafted with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent; preferably wherein component (b) is an olefin polymer or copolymer grafted with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride.
  • component (b) is polypropylene or polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride.
  • the functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers are for example as disclosed in U.S. published application 2003/0004245, published Jan. 2, 2003.
  • the functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers are for example the reaction product of at least one polyolefin and at least one alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent, such as an acid, ester or anhydride.
  • component (b) is the reaction product of an alpha-olefin with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and maleic anhydride; preferably a reaction product of a C 1 8-C 2 6 alpha olefin and maleic anhydride.
  • the number average molecular weight of the polyolefins utilized in this component may range from 2,000 to 10,000. These polymers typically have a melt flow from 8 to 40, or from 10 to 35, or from 15 to 30 g/10 min.
  • the amount of carboxylic acid reagent reacted with the polyolefin may range from 0.5% to 30% or from 1 % to 20%, or from 2% to 15%, or from 4% to 10% by weight.
  • the alpha, beta unsaturated carboxylic reagent may be mono- or dicarboxylic acid reagent.
  • the carboxylic reagents include carboxylic acids, esters and salts.
  • the monobasic alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagents include acrylic, methacrylic, annamic, crotonic acids and esters, such as esters having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and salts such as sodium, calcium or magnesium salts.
  • dicarboxylic reagents include maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, mesaconic acid, himic anhydride, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, monomethyl maleate, monosodium maleate, etc.
  • Particularly preferred alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic reagents are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters and maleic anhydride.
  • the reaction between the carboxylic acid reagent and the olefin polymer or copolymer can be effected by means known to those skilled in the art.
  • the reaction can be conducted in solutions by a melt process in the presence of a free radical initiator.
  • the free radical initiators usually are either peroxides or various organic azo compounds.
  • the amount of initiator utilized generally from 0.01 % to 5% by weight based on the combined weight of the polyolefin and the carboxylic reagent.
  • the reaction between the carboxylic acid reagent and the olefin polymer or copolymer is referred to as "grafting".
  • the present functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers are olefin polymers or copolymers grafted with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate or maleic anhydride.
  • maleic anhydride this is termed "maleated”.
  • acrylated polyolefins examples include the POLYBOND polymers available from Uniroyal Chemical Company. A particularly useful polymer is POLYBOND 1002, which has a melt flow of 15-25 g/10 min and an acrylic acid content 5.5% to 7.0% by weight.
  • An example of a commercially available maleic acid grafted polypropylene is Epolene E-43 wax from Eastman Chemical Products, Inc. Epolene E-43 has an acid number of 47 and an approximate number average molecular weight of 4500.
  • Epolene C-16 and C-18 waxes are maleic acid grafted polyethylenes with approximate molecular weights of 8000 and 4000, respectively.
  • Maleated ethylene-propylene elastomers also are useful, and such elastomers are available from Exxon Chemical Company under identification numbers 99-10, 99-14 and 99-26. These copolymers contain 77%, 64% and 43% of ethylene, respectively, and the maleated products contain 0.76%, 0.56% and 0.35% of maleic acid or anhydride, respectively.
  • maleic acid anhydride grafted polyolefins include Kraton FG1901X from Shell which is often referred to as a maleated selectively hydroge- nated SEBS copolymer; terpolymers available from CdF Chimie under designations such as Lotader 3200 (prepared from a mixture of 88% by weight ethylene, 9% by weight butyl acrylate and 3% maleic anhydride), Lotader 6600 (70% ethylene, 27% acrylic ester and 3% maleic anhydride) etc.; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers grafted with maleic anhydride (EVA-MAH) are available from Quantum Chemical Corp.
  • EVA-MAH ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers grafted with maleic anhydride
  • the functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers of component b) are the reaction products of an alpha-olefin with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent as described above.
  • the reaction is effected by means known in the art.
  • the reaction can be conducted by a melt process in the presence of a free radical initiator.
  • the radical initiators are for example peroxides or organic azo compounds.
  • the unsaturated carboxylic reagents are for example acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic esters methacrylic esters or maleic anhydride.
  • the alpha-olefin is from C 3 up to about C 33 , for example the alpha-olefin is a Ci 8 -C 26 alpha-olefin, for example a C 22 -C 26 alpha-olefin or a Ci 8 alpha-olefin.
  • the functionalized olefin is a maleated alpha-olefin, that is, the reaction product of an alpha-olefin and maleic anhydride.
  • the maleated alpha-olefin is of the formula I
  • R is Ci 6 to C 24 alkyl
  • n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between 20,000 and 50,000.
  • the present functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers may be further reacted with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine.
  • the functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers may be reacted with a long chain alcohol or long chain amine to form the ester or amide or imide products.
  • long chain esters, amides or imides of the functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers.
  • the long chain esters, amides or imides likewise fall under the present definition of carboxylic acid reagent functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers.
  • the carbon chain of the long chain alcohol or long chain amine is straight or branched and may be saturated or unsaturated.
  • the amine is primary or secondary.
  • the present functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers may be further reacted to form an ester, partial ester, or half ester product resulting from reaction with a long chain alcohol, or to form an amide, partial amide or imide product resulting from reaction with a long chain primary or secondary amine.
  • Imides may be prepared by heating a half amide.
  • the present functionalized olefin polymers or copolymers may be further reacted to form mixtures of esters and amides.
  • Half ester or partial ester derivatives may be formed by dropwise addition of alcohol to a stirred, acid catalyzed solution of the functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer in an appropriate solvent under conditions such that water is not removed from the reaction mixture.
  • Appropriate solvent is for example methyl isobutyl ketone.
  • Suitable acid catalysts include sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Diesters are prepared using excess alcohol and removing the water to drive the reaction towards full esterification.
  • the present long chain esters are esters or half esters of maleated alpha-olefin of the formula Il
  • R is Ci 6 to C 24 alkyl
  • R 1 and R 2 are independently hydrogen, Ci-C 22 alkyl or C 2 -C 22 alkenyl where at least one of Ri and R 2 are Ci 2 -C 22 alkyl or Ci 2 -C 22 alkenyl, and n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between 20,000 and 50,000.
  • the present long chain amides are amides of maleated alpha-olefin of the formula III
  • R is Ci6-C 24 alkyl
  • R-i, R 2 , R3 and R 4 are independently hydrogen or Ci-C 22 alkyl or C 2 -C 22 alkenyl, where at least one of Ri, R 2 , R3 or R 4 are Ci 2 -C 22 alkyl or Ci 2 -C 22 alkenyl, and n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between 20,000 and 50,000.
  • the present long chain imides are imides of maleated alpha-olefins of the formula IV
  • R is Ci 6 -C 24 alkyl
  • Ri is Ci 2 -C 22 alkyl or Ci 2 -C 22 alkenyl
  • n is an integer such that the average molecular weight is between 20,000 and 50,000.
  • R is C ⁇ alkyl or is C 2 o-C 24 alkyl.
  • the present long chain esters of the functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer are half esters or esters with tallow fatty alcohol, ricinoleyl alcohol [CAS# 540-1 1-4] or oleyl alcohol.
  • the present long chain esters of the functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer are the half ester or ester reaction products of maleated olefin polymers or copolymers with the long chain alcohols.
  • the present long chain esters are the half ester or ester reaction products of maleated alpha-olefins with the long chain alcohols.
  • the present long chain amides are amide reaction products of maleated olefin polymers or copolymers or of maleated alpha-olefins with oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, behenamide, oleyl palmitamide, stearyl erucamide, ethylene-bis-stearamide or ethylene-bis- oleamide, or are the corresponding imides with oleamide, erucamide, stearamide or behenamide. That is, the amide or imide reaction products of maleated olefin polymers or copolymers or of maleated alpha-olefins with long chain amines.
  • the present functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer is a long chain ester, long chain half ester, long chain amide, long chain partial amide or long chain imide, which ester, half ester, amide, partial amide or imide is formed by the reaction of a long chain alcohol of the formula R 1 OH or a long chain primary or secondary amine of the formula R 1 R 2 NH, wherein R 1 is C-i 2 -C 22 alkyl or C-i 2 -C 22 alkenyl and R 2 is hydrogen, CrC 22 alkyl or C 2 -C 22 alkenyl; with an olefin polymer or copolymer grafted with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent; or with a reaction product of an alpha-olefin with an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid reagent.
  • component (b) is the half ester or ester of maleated polypropylene, maleated polyethylene or maleated C- 1 8-C 2 6 alpha-olefin with tallow fatty alcohol, ricinoleyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
  • the primary or secondary fatty acid amides are for example where the fatty group of the fatty acids are Cn-C 2 ialkyl or Cn-C 2 ialkenyl.
  • the primary or secondary fatty acid amide is for example at least one compound selected from the group consisting of oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, behenamide, oleyl palmit- amide, stearyl erucamide, ethylene-bis-stearamide and ethylene-bis-oleamide.
  • the present fatty acid amides are secondary fatty acid amides, for example stearyl erucamide or oleyl palmitamide.
  • Suitable fatty acid amides are for example disclosed in U.S. 6,228,915.
  • Alkyl is straight or branched chain and is for example methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n- butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 1 ,3- dimethylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, 1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 1- methylheptyl, 3-methylheptyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1 ,1 ,3-trimethylhexyl, 1 ,1 ,3,3- tetramethylpentyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, 1-methylundecyl, dodecyl, 1 ,1 ,3,3,5,5
  • Alkenyl is ethylenically unsaturated alkyl, for example allyl.
  • the weightweight ratio of the functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer additive to the primary or secondary fatty acid amide additive is for example between 20:1 and 1 :20, between 10:1 and 1 :10, between 1 :1 and 20:1 , for example between 1 :1 and 15:1 , between 1 :1 and 10:1 , between 1 :1 and 7:1 , or between 1 :1 and 5:1.
  • the weightweight ratio of the functionalized maleated alpha-olefin to the primary or secondary fatty acid amide is 1.5:1 , 2:1 , 3:1 or 4:1.
  • the total of the functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer b) and primary or secondary fatty acid amide additive c) combination to be incorporated into the polymer substrate is for example between 1 % and 15% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer substrate.
  • the additive combination is present from 1 % to 10%, from 3% to 7%, or from 3% to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer substrate.
  • the present additive combination is present from 1 % to 3%, from 1 % to 5%, or from 1 % to 7% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer substrate.
  • the total of the functionalized olefin polymer or copolymer b) and primary or secondary fatty acid amide additive c) combination to be incorporated into the coatings composition is for example between 0.1 % and 15% by weight, based on the weight of the film forming binder.
  • the additive combination is present from 0.1 % to 10%, from 0.3% to 7%, or from 0.3% to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the film forming binder.
  • the present additive combination is present from 0.1 % to 3%, from 0.1 % to 5%, or from 0.1 % to 7% by weight, based on the weight of the film forming binder.
  • the additives of the invention may be added to the polymer substrate individually or mixed with one another. If desired, the individual components can be mixed with one another before incorporation into the polymer for example by dry blending, compaction or in the melt.
  • the incorporation of the additives of the invention is carried out by known methods such as dry blending in the form of a powder, or wet mixing in the form of solutions, dispersions or suspensions for example in an inert solvent, water or oil.
  • the additives of the invention may be incorporated, for example, before or after molding or also by applying the dissolved or dispersed additive or additive mixture to the polymer material, with or without subsequent evaporation of the solvent or the suspension/dispersion agent. They may be added directly into the processing apparatus (e.g. extruders, internal mixers, etc), e.g. as a dry mixture or powder or as solution or dispersion or suspension or melt.
  • the incorporation can be carried out in any heatable container equipped with a stirrer, e.g. in a closed apparatus such as a kneader, mixer or stirred vessel.
  • a stirrer e.g. in a closed apparatus such as a kneader, mixer or stirred vessel.
  • the incorporation is preferably carried out in an extruder or in a kneader. It is immaterial whether processing takes place in an inert atmosphere or in the presence of oxygen.
  • the addition of the additives to the polymer substrate can be carried out in all customary mixing machines in which the polymer is melted and mixed with the additives. Suitable machines are known to those skilled in the art. They are predominantly mixers, kneaders and extruders. Processing includes extrusion, co-kneading, pultrusion, compression molding, sheet extrusion, thermoforming, injection molding or rotational molding. The process is preferably carried out in an extruder by introducing the additives during processing.
  • Particularly preferred processing machines are single-screw extruders, contrarotating and corotating twin-screw extruders, rotomolding devices, planetary-gear extruders, ring extruders or cokneaders. It is also possible to use processing machines provided with at least one gas removal compartment to which a vacuum can be applied.
  • the screw length is 1-60 screw diameters, preferably 35-48 screw diameters.
  • the rotational speed of the screw is preferably 10-600 rotations per minute (rpm), very particularly preferably 25-300 rpm.
  • the maximum throughput is dependent on the screw diameter, the rotational speed and the driving force.
  • the process of the present invention can also be carried out at a level lower than maximum throughput by varying the parameters mentioned or employing weighing machines delivering dosage amounts.
  • the additives of the invention can also be sprayed onto the polymer material. They are able to dilute other additives (for example optional conventional additives) or their melts so that they can be sprayed also together with these additives onto the material. Addition by spraying during the deactivation of the polymerization catalysts is particularly advantageous; in this case, the steam evolved may be used for deactivation of the catalyst.
  • the additives of the invention and optional further additives can also be added to the polymer in the form of a masterbatch ("concentrate") which contains the components in a concentration of, for example, 1 % to 40% and preferably 2% to 20% by weight incorporated in a polymer.
  • concentration a masterbatch
  • the polymer must not necessarily be identical to the polymer where the additives are added finally.
  • the polymer can be used in the form of powder, granules, solutions, suspensions or in the form of latices.
  • Incorporation can take place prior to or during the shaping operation, or by applying the dissolved or dispersed compound to the polymer, with or without subsequent evaporation of the solvent.
  • a further possibility for incorporating the additives of the invention into polymer substrates is to add them before, during or directly after the polymerization of the corresponding monomers or prior to crosslinking.
  • the additives of the invention can be added as it is or else in encapsulated form (for example in waxes, oils or polymers).
  • the polymers containing the additives of the invention described herein can be used for the production of moldings, rotomolded articles, injection molded articles, blow molded articles, profiles, and the like.
  • the polymers of the present invention may optionally also contain from 0.01 to 5%, preferably from 0.025 to 2%, and especially from 0.1 to 1 % by weight of various conventional additives, such as the materials listed below, or mixtures thereof.
  • Alkylated monophenols for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6- dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert- butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl)-4,6- dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl- 4-methoxymethylphenol, nonylphenols which are linear or branched in the side chains, for example, 2,6-di-nonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1-methylundec-1-yl)phenol, 2,4- dimethyl
  • Alkylthiomethylphenols for example 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4- dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-di- dodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.
  • Alkylthiomethylphenols for example 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4- dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-di- dodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.
  • Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones for example 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxy- phenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octade- cyloxyphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert- butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl stearate, bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl) adipate.
  • Tocopherols for example ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol and mixtures thereof (Vitamin E).
  • Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers for example 2,2'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4 ,4'-th iobis (6-tert-buty I- 2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis-(3,6-di-sec-amylphenol), 4,4'-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)disulfide.
  • Alkylidenebisphenols for example 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'- methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[4-methyl-6-( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl)- phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4-meth- ylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphe- nol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[6-( ⁇ -methylbenzyl)- 4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-methylenebis[6-( ⁇ , ⁇ -methylbenzy
  • Benzyl compounds for example 3,5,3',5'-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzylmercaptoacetate, tridecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl- benzylmercaptoacetate, tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)amine, 1 ,3,5-tri-(3,5-di-tert-bu- tyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, di-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, S.S-di-tert-butyM-hydroxybenzyl-mercapto-acetic acid isooctyl ester, bis-(4-tert-butyl-3-hydr- oxy-2,6
  • Hydroxybenzylated malonates for example dioctadecyl-2,2-bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydr- oxybenzyl)-malonate, di-octadecyl-2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)-malonate, di- dodecylmercaptoethyl-2,2-bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate, bis[4-(1 ,1 ,3,3- tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonate.
  • Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds for example 1 ,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy- benzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1 ,4-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrameth- ylbenzene, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phenol.
  • Triazine compounds for example 2,4-bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyanilino)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)- 1 ,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1 ,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1 ,2,3-triazine, 1 ,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate, 1 ,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6- dimethylbenzyl)isocyanurate
  • Benzylphosphonat.es for example dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphospho- nate, diethyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-S-tert-butyl ⁇ -hydroxy-S-methylbenzylphosphonate, the calcium salt of the monoethyl ester of S. ⁇ -di-tert-butyl ⁇ -hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid.
  • esters of ⁇ -(5-tert-butyl-4-hvdroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,
  • esters of ⁇ -(3,5-dicvclohexyl-4-hvdroxyphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)ox- amide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4- hydroxymethyl-i-phospha ⁇ . ⁇ j-trioxabicyclol
  • esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hvdroxyphenyl acetic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g. with methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1 ,6-hexanediol, 1 ,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N 1 N'- bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane
  • Aminic antioxidants for example N,N'-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-sec- butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1 ,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-eth- yl-3-methylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N 1 N'- dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-naphthyl)- p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-(1 ,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'
  • 2-Hydroxybenzophenones for example the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy, 4-decyl- oxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy and 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy derivatives.
  • Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids as for example 4-tert- butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis(4- tert-butylbenzoyl) resorcinol, benzoyl resorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzoate, hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl- 4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
  • Nickel compounds for example nickel complexes of 2,2'-thio-bis-[4-(1 ,1 ,3,3- tetramethylbutyl)phenol], such as the 1 :1 or 1 :2 complex, with or without additional ligands such as n-butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel salts of the monoalkyl esters, e.g. the methyl or ethyl ester, of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzylphosphonic acid, nickel complexes of ketoximes, e.g. of 2- hydroxy-4-methylphenyl undecylketoxime, nickel complexes of 1-phenyl-4-lauroyl-5- hydroxypyrazole, with or without additional ligands.
  • additional ligands such as n-butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine
  • Sterically hindered amine stabilizers for example 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperi- dine, 1 -allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1 -benzyM-hydroxy ⁇ . ⁇ . ⁇ -tetramethyl- piperidine, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) succinate, bis(1 ,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetrameth- yl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis(1 ,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzylmalonate, the condensate of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-t
  • the sterically hindered amine may also be one of the compounds described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,783, that is compounds of component l-a), l-b), l-c), l-d), l-e), l-f), l-g), l-h), l-i), l-j), l-k) or l-l), in particular the light stabilizer 1-a-1 , 1-a-2, 1-b-1 , 1-C-1 , 1-C-2, 1-d-1 , 1-d-2, 1-d-3, 1- e-1 , 1-f-1 , 1-g-1 , 1-g-2 or 1-k-1 listed on columns 64-72 of said U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,783.
  • the sterically hindered amine may also be one of the compounds described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,046,304 and 6,297,299, for example compounds as described in claims 10 or 38 or in Examples 1-12 or D-1 to D-5 therein.
  • Sterically hindered amines substituted on the N-atom by a hydroxy-substituted alkoxy group for example compounds such as 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-octadecanoyloxy- 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-hexadecanoyloxy-2, 2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine, the reaction product of 1-oxyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine with a carbon radical from t-amylalcohol, 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-hydroxy-2, 2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, bis(1 -(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate, bis(1 -(2-hydr- oxy
  • Oxamides for example 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-diethoxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy- 5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'- ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxamide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxanilide and its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide, mixtures of o- and p-methoxy- disubstituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- and p-ethoxy-disubstituted oxanilides.
  • Tris-aryl-o-hydroxyphenyl-s-triazines for example known commercial tris-aryl-o-hydroxy- phenyl-s-triazines and triazines as disclosed in, United States Patent Nos. 3,843,371 ; 4,619,956; 4,740,542; 5,096,489; 5,106,891 ; 5,298,067; 5,300,414; 5,354,794; 5,461 ,151 ; 5,476,937; 5,489,503; 5,543,518; 5,556,973; 5,597,854; 5,681 ,955; 5,726,309; 5,736,597; 5,942,626; 5,959,008; 5,998,1 16; 6,013,704; 6,060,543; 6,242,598 and 6,255,483, for example 4,6-bis-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-hydroxy-4- octyloxyphenyl)-
  • Metal deactivators for example N,N'-diphenyloxamide, N-salicylal-N'-salicyloyl hydrazine, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl) hydrazine, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1 ,2,4-triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalyl dihydrazide, oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenylhydrazide, N,N'-diacetyladipoyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyl- oyl)oxalyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)thiopropionyl dihydrazide.
  • Phosphites and phosphonites for example triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphites, phenyl dialkyl phosphites, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)-pentaerythritol diphosphite, diisodecyloxypentaerythritol diphosphite, bis
  • phosphites Especially preferred are the following phosphites:
  • Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (lrgafos ® 168, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp.), tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite,
  • Hydroxylamines for example N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctylhydroxylamine, N,N-dilaurylhydroxylamine, N,N-ditetradecylhydroxylamine, N 1 N- dihexadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine, N-hexadecyl-N- octadecylhydroxylamine, N-heptadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N-methyl-N- octadecylhydroxylamine and the N,N-dialkylhydroxylamine derived from hydrogenated tallow amine.
  • Nitrones for example N-benzyl- ⁇ -phenylnitrone, N-ethyl- ⁇ -methylnitrone, N-octyl- ⁇ -hep- tylnitrone, N-lauryl- ⁇ -undecylnitrone, N-tetradecyl- ⁇ -tridcylnitrone, N-hexadecyl- ⁇ -pentade- cylnitrone, N-octadecyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone, N-hexadecyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone, N- ocatadecyl- ⁇ -pentadecylnitrone, N-heptadecyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone, N-octadecyl- ⁇ - hexadecylnitrone, N-methyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone and the
  • Amine oxides for example amine oxide derivatives as disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,844,029 and 5,880,191 , didecyl methyl amine oxide, tridecyl amine oxide, tridodecyl amine oxide and trihexadecyl amine oxide.
  • Thiosynergists for example dilauryl thiodipropionate or distearyl thiodipropionate.
  • Peroxide scavengers for example esters of ⁇ -thiodipropionic acid, for example the lau- ryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercapto- benzimidazole, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis( ⁇ - dodecylmercapto)propionate.
  • esters of ⁇ -thiodipropionic acid for example the lau- ryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl esters
  • mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercapto- benzimidazole zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate
  • dioctadecyl disulfide pentaerythritol tetrakis( ⁇ - do
  • Polvamide stabilizers for example copper salts in combination with iodides and/or phosphorus compounds and salts of divalent manganese.
  • Basic co-stabilizers for example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zinc pyrocatecholate.
  • Basic co-stabilizers for example melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, for example, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium
  • Nucleating agents for example inorganic substances such as talcum, metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates, carbonates or sulfates of, preferably, alkaline earth metals; organic compounds such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and the salts thereof, e.g. 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate or sodium benzoate; polymeric compounds such as ionic copolymers (ionomers).
  • inorganic substances such as talcum, metal oxides such as titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, phosphates, carbonates or sulfates of, preferably, alkaline earth metals
  • organic compounds such as mono- or polycarboxylic acids and the salts thereof, e.g. 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate or sodium benzoate
  • polymeric compounds such as ionic copolymers (ionomers).
  • Fillers and reinforcing agents for example calcium carbonate, silicates, glass fibers, glass bulbs, asbestos, talc, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxides, carbon black, graphite, wood flour and flours or fibers of other natural products, synthetic fibers.
  • Dispersing Agents such as polyethylene oxide waxes or mineral oil.
  • additives for example plasticizers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, dyes, optical brighteners, rheology additives, catalysts, flow-control agents, slip agents, crosslinking agents, crosslinking boosters, halogen scavengers, smoke inhibitors, flameproofing agents, antistatic agents, clarifiers such as substituted and unsubstituted bisbenzylidene sorbitols, benzoxazinone UV absorbers such as 2,2'-p-phenylene-bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), Cyasorb ® 3638 (CAS# 18600-59-4), and blowing agents.
  • plasticizers for example plasticizers, lubricants, emulsifiers, pigments, dyes, optical brighteners, rheology additives, catalysts, flow-control agents, slip agents, crosslinking agents, crosslinking boosters, halogen scavengers, smoke inhibitors, flameproofing agents, antistatic agents, clarifier
  • a polymer and coating composition with improved scratch resistance and light stability comprising besides components (a), (b) and (c) further one or more additives selected from the group consisting of the hydroxylamine stabilizers, the organic phosphorus stabilizers, the benzofuranone stabilizers, the hindered amine light stabilizers and the hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole, hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine or benzophenone ultraviolet light absorbers.
  • Nano-scaled fillers may also be employed in the present compositions. Included are “nanoclays”, disclosed for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,853,886 and 6,020,419.
  • Nano-scaled fillers are for example phyllosilicates or smectite clays, for example organophilic phyllosilicates, naturally occuring phyllosilicates, synthetic phyllosilicates or a mixture of such phyllosilicates.
  • the present nano-scaled fillers are for example montmorillonites, bentonites, beidellites, hectorites, saponites or stevensites.
  • nano-scaled montmorillonites have a "platey" or platelet structure.
  • the platelets generally have a thickness below about 2 nm.
  • the platelets or particles generally have an average diameter between about 20 and about 30,000 nm, and a ratio of length to width of between about 30,000:1 and 20:1.
  • Commercially available nano-scaled montmorillonites of such structure are Nanomer ® I.42E, available from Nanocor, and Cloisite ® 3OB, available from Southern Clay.
  • Nano-scaled fillers possess an extremely large surface with high surface energy. The deactivation of the surface energy and the compatibilization of the nano-scaled fillers with a polymer is therefore even more important than with a common micro-scaled filler in order to avoid coagulation and reach an excellent dispersion of the nano-scaled filled in the polymer.
  • the nano-scaled fillers like the phyllosilicates are made organophilic by ion exchange, for example with alkylammonium salts. Such nano-scaled organophilic phyllosilicates are better swellable and easier to disperse in a polymer matrix.
  • Treated nano-scaled fillers are also referred to as "treated layered clay material” or "organo- clay”.
  • the nano-scaled filler is present in the compositions of the present invention at a concentration of 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer or the film forming binder, for example, 1 to 9% by weight, for instance 3 to 7% by weight, for example 5% by weight, based on the weight of the polymer or the film forming binder.
  • the present polymer compositions exhibit good weatherability (stability towards heat, oxygen and light), scratch resistance, good processability, good mechanical strength, good gloss retention, and are non-sticky.
  • the polymer molded parts are suitable for example for automotive applications, i.e. bumper fascia and the like.
  • the present polymer compositions may also be for example in the form of sheets, part of multilayer structures, wire or cable insulation, films or natural products composites.
  • Example 1 Scratch resistance of polymers and coatings.
  • the present functionalized olefin polymers b) are:
  • R 1 and R 2 are tallow, R is C 2 0-C 24 alkyl and n is an average value of about 45,
  • the present fatty acid amides of component c) are:
  • a 2:1 weightweight blend of the carboxylic acid reagent functionalized olefin polymer b) to the primary or secondary fatty acid amide c) is prepared. Likewise, 1 :1 weightweight blends and 1 :2 weightweight blends are prepared.
  • the components b) and c) are present at weight levels, in total, of 3%, based on the weight of the polymer substrate or film forming binder
  • the polymer substrates tested are PC/ABS, nylon 6, nylon 6,6, PC, PVC, PET, ABS, PBT, ABS/PBT and ABS/PC.
  • additives evaluated for comparative performance are oleamide, stearyl erucamide and Dow Corning MB 50-321 polysiloxane additive. Weight percents are on the polymer of film forming binder. The additives are compounded in the polymer substrate. All compounding is done using 25 mm twin-screw extruder using industry standard conditions. Injection molded plaques are made from the compounded samples using BOY 50-M injection molding machine using standard conditions.
  • the present inventive blends provide for excellent scratch resistance and are non-sticky.
  • results after Weathering are shown after weathering.
  • inventive blend gives a surprising synergistic effect without any adverse effect upon weathe- ring. That is, the inventive blends provide for excellent scratch resistance and weathering stability, and are non-sticky.
  • the inventive blend gives a surprising synergistic effect without any adverse effect upon weathering. That is, the inventive blends provide for excellent scratch resistance and weathering stability, and are non-sticky.
  • the present coatings also contain a hindered amine light stabilizer and a benzotriazole or s- triazine UV absorber.
  • the present inventive additive blends provide for excellent impact strength according to the Notched Izod Impact test.
  • Example 2 Scratch resistance of multilayer polymer structures.
  • the present components b) and c) have utility as anti-scratch additives in polymer layers present in multilayer polymer structures.
  • Examples of such polymer structures include but are not limited to:
  • Base stock or cap stock for coextrusion structures such as window profiles, laminates over automotive bumpers or auto exterior panels.
  • a multilayer polymer composite is prepared by different routes, such as co-extrusion of one or more polymer compositions to form the multilayer composite.
  • compression molding or thermoforming of polymer compositions produces the desired polymer composite.
  • these techniques are used in the manufacture of signage, typically composed of one or more layers of polymeric materials formed on top of a base material (metal sheet, plastic, etc).

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des substrats en polymère, par exemple en ABS, PBT, PVC, PET, nylon 6, nylon 6'6, ABS/PBT, PC/ABS ou des ionomères ; et des compositions de revêtement, par exemple des revêtements à base d'huile ou d'eau avec des résines alkydes, acryliques, alkydes acryliques, de polyester, phénoliques, de mélamine, époxydes ou de polyuréthane, qui sont rendus résistants à la rayure par l'incorporation dans ceux-ci d'une association d'additifs constituée b) d'un polymère ou copolymère d'oléfine fonctionnalisé avec un réactif acide carboxylique et c) d'un amide d'acide gras primaire ou secondaire. Les présents polymères et revêtements présentent une bonne résistance aux intempéries, une résistance à la rayure, une bonne aptitude à être transformés, une bonne résistance mécanique, une bonne conservation de leur brillant et ne collent pas. Le polymère d'oléfine fonctionnalisé avec un réactif acide carboxylique est par exemple le polypropylène ou polyéthylène greffé avec de l'anhydride maléique ou bien il est un produit de réaction de l'anhydride maléique et d'une alpha-oléfine ou bien il est un ester d'alcool de suif desdits produits de l'anhydride maléique. L'amide d'acide gras est par exemple le palmitamide d'oléyle ou l'érucamide de stéaryle.
PCT/EP2006/066315 2005-09-22 2006-09-13 Polymères et compositions de revêtement résistants à la rayure WO2007039421A1 (fr)

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CN2006800350051A CN101268144B (zh) 2005-09-22 2006-09-13 抗划性聚合物和涂料组合物
BRPI0616087-5A BRPI0616087A2 (pt) 2005-09-22 2006-09-13 polìmero reistente a arranhões, bem como composições de revestimento e método para prover resistência a arranhÈes
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CN113292836A (zh) * 2021-05-22 2021-08-24 宁波市威宏明实汽车零部件有限公司 一种abs、pc复合材料及其制备方法和应用
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EP1926777A1 (fr) 2008-06-04
JP2009509016A (ja) 2009-03-05
KR20080049057A (ko) 2008-06-03
CA2621186A1 (fr) 2007-04-12
CN101268144B (zh) 2011-08-03

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