WO2007034670A1 - 植物繊維溶解酵素が増強された液体麹の製造方法、該方法により得られた液体麹およびその用途 - Google Patents
植物繊維溶解酵素が増強された液体麹の製造方法、該方法により得られた液体麹およびその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme such as a cellulolytic enzyme xylan degrading enzyme, a liquid koji obtained by the method, and a use thereof
- the koji used in the production of alcoholic beverages, etc. is a solid koji that is inoculated with spores of filamentous fungi on the raw material after cooking, etc., and a liquid medium by adding the raw materials and other nutrients to water.
- a liquid koji that is prepared and inoculated with spore of koji mold or precultured mycelia.
- solid soot such as Aspergillus kawachii and Aspergillus awamori is widely used.
- the solid culture method is a culture system in which raw materials and koji molds are dispersed unevenly, it is difficult to make uniform factors such as temperature, water content, and various nutrients, and the culture control is very difficult. It is complicated.
- it is often produced in an open state, and in this case, it is necessary to pay attention to quality control such as contamination by various bacteria. Therefore, it can be said that this method is not suitable for large-scale manufacturing.
- the liquid culture method is easy to control culture and quality control, and is a culture form suitable for efficient production.
- a culture obtained by liquid culture of koji mold as a shochu because, for example, sufficient enzyme activity required for shochu brewing cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for improving the darcoamylase activity of Aspergillus oryzae, a method of cultivating Aspergillus oryzae while stressing the growth of mycelia (see Patent Document 1), or a method of adding calorie to roasted cereals to an Aspergillus culture medium 2) has been reported.
- the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 enhances the enzyme activity by culturing in a porous immobilization agent or in a entrapping immobilization agent having voids to express a new gene glaB that encodes dalcamylase. Or special culture equipment is necessary and not practical.
- the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a method for culturing koji molds in a liquid medium using baked cereals as at least a part of the raw material, and adds a new manufacturing process of roasting cereals. .
- the present inventors have proposed an invention relating to a method for culturing koji mold using a liquid medium containing a saccharide that is hardly degradable for koji mold (see Patent Document 3).
- a saccharide degradation-related enzyme such as dalcamylase
- the present inventors cultivated white koji mold and Z or black koji mold as a culture raw material in a liquid medium containing cereals whose surface is covered with husks, and dalcoamylase and acid resistance in the culture. a By simultaneously producing and accumulating amylase, we have already developed a method to produce darcoamylase and acid-resistant liquid koji necessary for shochu brewing. Manufacture shochu using this koji (For example, see Japanese Patent Application No. 2004 350661).
- ethanol as an industrial alcohol is used as a raw material for manufacturing food and drink such as mirin and vinegar, and as a raw material for chemical industry such as fragrances and detergents.
- Sarakuko has recently been used for fossil fuels such as petroleum. It is also expected as a new energy source to replace For example, research and development of alcohol fuels such as E3 gasoline, which is a mixture of gasoline with 3 o / o ethanol, is in progress.
- a liquid koji obtained by culturing koji molds in a liquid medium can be said to be a culture form suitable for efficient production because of easy culture control.
- Non-patent document 1 Iwashita K. et al: Biosci. Biotechnol. Bioche., 62, 1938-1946 (1998)
- Non-patent document 2 Yuichi Yamane et al .: Journal of the Japan Brewing Association., 99, 84-92 ( 2004)
- Non-Patent Document 3 Hata Y. et. A1 .: J. Ferment. Bioeng., 84, 532-537 (1997)
- Non-Patent Document 4 Hata Y. et. Al.: Gene., 207, 127-134 (1998)
- Non-Patent Document 5 Ishida H. et. Al .: J. Ferment. Bioeng., 86, 301-307 (1998)
- Non-Patent Document 6 Ishida H. et. Al: Curr. Genet., 37, 373-379 (2000)
- Non-Patent Document 7 Nagamine K. et.al .: Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 67, 2194-2202 (20
- Non-Patent Document 8 Sudo S. et al: J. Ferment. Bioeng "76, 105-110 (1993)
- Non-Patent Document 9 Sudo S. et al: J. Ferment. Bioeng., 77, 483-489 (1994)
- Non-Patent Document 10 Shigetoshi Sudo et al .: Journal of the Japan Brewing Association, 89, 768-774 (1994)
- Non-Patent Document 11 Yoshizawa et al., Journal of the Japan Brewing Society, 76,284-286 (1981)
- Non-Patent Literature 12 Fukuda et al., Journal of Biotechnology, 79, 299-302 (2001)
- Non-patent document 13 Nomachi W. et.al., J. Biosci. Bioeng., 93 (4) p382-387, 2002)
- Non-patent document 14 Encyclopedia of brewing, pages 352-371, Asakura Shoten Co., Ltd., November 1988 1
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-225746
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-321154
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-265165
- the present inventors have cultivated birch fungus and Z or black koji fungus in a liquid medium containing cereals whose surface is covered with husks as a culture raw material that has already been developed by the present inventors,
- a method for producing liquid koji with high activity of darcoamylase and acid-resistant amylase by simultaneously producing and accumulating darcoamylase and acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase in the culture (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-350661) In the specification), it was found that a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme can be produced by adjusting the amount of the culture raw material used in the liquid medium, and the present invention was completed based on this finding. I came to
- the plant fiber lysis is carried out by liquid culture rather than solid culture without using an expensive plant fiber lytic enzyme preparation or using a recombinant bacterium. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing enzyme-enriched liquid koji.
- the present invention according to claim 1 is intended to provide a method for efficiently producing fermented foods and drinks such as shochu using such liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme. is there.
- the liquid koji is liquid, it is advantageous that it is easy to handle, such as pumping.
- a dried product obtained by treating the liquid koji with a method such as vacuum drying has the same fermentability. If obtained, it is thought that it can contribute to further efficiency in the production of fermented foods and beverages such as shochu.
- An object of the present invention according to claim 6 is to provide a method for producing a dried liquid koji product that can contribute to further efficiency in the production of fermented foods and beverages such as shochu. is there.
- the present invention according to claim 6 provides a method for producing a dried liquid koji product having a dalcoamylase, an acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase, and a plant fiber-dissolving enzyme having a high activity and excellent handling properties. It is for the purpose.
- an object of the present invention according to claim 6 is to provide a method for efficiently producing a fermented food or drink product such as shochu using the dried liquid koji product as described above.
- the object of the present invention according to claim 21 is to develop a liquid koji having sufficient enzyme activity necessary for alcoholic fermentation and use the liquid koji to produce industrial alcohol ( (Ethanol) is an efficient production method.
- Liquid koji used for the production of industrial alcohol must have high activity of glucolase-related enzymes, dalcoamylase, acid-resistant amylase, and plant fiber-dissolving enzyme. is there.
- a technique for obtaining a liquid koji with a strong enzyme activity by culturing koji molds in a liquid medium has not yet been disclosed.
- this acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase is an enzyme that is not produced in liquid culture.
- acid-resistant a-amylase has high activity, and liquid soot has been developed.
- the object of the present invention according to claim 21 is to develop a liquid rice cake with high activity of acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase and plant fiber-dissolving enzyme as described above. This is to establish an efficient production method for industrial alcohol (ethanol) by the conventional fermentation method.
- the present invention is a liquid culture medium containing cereals whose whole or part of the surface is covered with at least husks as culture raw materials, beans and cocoons or potatoes whose surface is covered with hulls.
- the koji mold is cultured in at least one liquid medium selected from a liquid medium containing a liquid medium containing amaranthus and koji or quinua without pretreatment such as comminution or pulverization
- the liquid medium Characterized in that at least darcoal amylase, acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase, and plant fiber-dissolving enzyme are simultaneously produced and accumulated in the koji mold culture by adjusting the amount of the culture raw material used in the plant.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a liquid koji with enhanced fiber-dissolving enzyme.
- the present invention according to claim 2 provides the method for producing liquid koji according to claim 1, wherein the plant fiber lytic enzyme is a cellulose degrading enzyme and koji or xylan degrading enzyme.
- the present invention according to claim 3 provides the method for producing a liquid koji according to claim 1, wherein the koji mold is a white koji mold or koji or black koji mold.
- the present invention according to claim 4 is a liquid medium containing, as a culture raw material, a liquid medium containing cereals whose whole or part of the surface is at least covered with husks, and a bean and straw or moss whose surface is covered with hulls
- a liquid medium containing cereals whose whole or part of the surface is at least covered with husks, and a bean and straw or moss whose surface is covered with hulls
- the present invention according to claim 5 is obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Provide a liquid bowl.
- the present invention according to claim 6 provides a method for producing a dried liquid koji product using a liquid medium, characterized in that the liquid koji according to claim 5 is dried.
- the present invention according to claim 7 provides a dried liquid koji product obtained by the method according to claim 6.
- the present invention according to claim 8 provides a method for producing an enzyme preparation using the liquid koji according to claim 5.
- the present invention according to claim 9 provides an enzyme preparation obtained by the method according to claim 8.
- the present invention according to claim 10 is a liquid medium containing, as a culture raw material, a liquid medium containing cereals whose whole or part of the surface is covered with at least skin, and a liquid containing beans and Z or moss whose surface is covered with outer skin.
- the medium is not subjected to pretreatment such as comminution or pulverization!
- An enzyme characterized in that at least darcoamylase, acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase, and plant fiber-dissolving enzyme are simultaneously produced and accumulated in the koji mold culture by adjusting the amount of culture raw material used in the medium.
- the manufacturing method of this is provided.
- the present invention according to claim 11 provides the method for producing an enzyme according to claim 10, wherein the plant fiber-lytic enzyme is a cellulose-degrading enzyme and a coconut or xylan-degrading enzyme.
- the present invention according to claim 12 provides the method for producing an enzyme according to claim 10, wherein the koji mold is white koji mold or koji or black koji mold.
- the present invention according to claim 13 is a liquid medium containing, as a culture raw material, a liquid medium containing cereals whose whole or part of the surface is covered with at least husk, and beans and straws or potatoes whose surface is covered with husks.
- the medium is not subjected to pretreatment such as comminution or pulverization.
- the present invention according to claim 15 is a method for producing a fermented food or drink using the liquid koji according to claim 5.
- the present invention according to claim 16 is the method for producing a fermented food or drink according to claim 15, wherein the fermented food or drink is shochu.
- the present invention according to claim 17 is a method for producing a fermented food or drink using the dried liquid koji product according to claim 7.
- the present invention according to claim 18 is a method for producing a fermented food or drink product using the enzyme preparation according to claim 9.
- the present invention according to claim 19 is a method for producing a fermented food or drink using the enzyme according to claim 14.
- the present invention according to claim 20 is a fermented food or drink obtained by the method according to any one of claims 15 to 19.
- the present invention according to claim 21 is a method for producing ethanol using the liquid soot according to claim 5.
- the present invention according to claim 22 is a method for producing ethanol using the dried liquid koji product according to claim 7.
- the present invention according to claim 23 is a method for producing ethanol using the enzyme preparation according to claim 9.
- the present invention according to claim 24 is a method for producing ethanol using the enzyme according to claim 14.
- the present invention according to claim 25 is ethanol obtained by the method according to any one of claims 21 to 24.
- the use of an expensive plant fiber-dissolving enzyme preparation or the use of a genetically modified bacterium is not a solid culture but a liquid culture.
- a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzymes such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme can be produced.
- a method for efficiently producing fermented foods and beverages such as shochu using such a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme for example, when producing shochu as a fermented food or drink, a decrease in the viscosity of shochu moromi can be expected, and workability can be significantly improved. In addition, the utilization rate of raw materials such as an increase in alcohol yield can be expected, and further efficiency in the production of fermented foods and drinks such as firing can be achieved.
- the dried liquid koji product according to the present invention according to claim 6 when used, fermentability comparable to that of shochu moromi mash using undried liquid koji and conventional solid koji can be obtained. It has the same quality as shochu produced using undried liquid cake and solid cake, and it is not inferior in terms of sensuality.
- industrial alcohol ethanol
- liquid koji having sufficient enzyme activity required for alcohol fermentation.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the progress of fermentation in barley shochu production using liquid rice bran with different amounts of brown wheat in Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the measurement results of moromi viscosity of barley shochu moromi using different amounts of brown barley in Example 2.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the progress of fermentation by weight reduction integration in an undried section and a dried section in Example 4.
- the present invention according to claim 1 relates to a method for producing a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme, and includes a liquid medium containing, as a culture raw material, cereals whose surface is entirely or partially covered with husks. At least one liquid selected from the following: a liquid medium containing beans and Z or moss whose surface is covered with a shell, and a liquid medium containing amaranth and Z or quinua without pretreatment such as grinding or grinding.
- a liquid medium containing beans and Z or moss whose surface is covered with a shell
- a liquid medium containing amaranth and Z or quinua without pretreatment such as grinding or grinding.
- a liquid medium containing cereals having at least a part of the surface covered with husks, or beans with husks covered with hulls.
- a liquid medium containing sardines or potatoes a liquid medium containing amaranthus and sardine or quinua without any pretreatment such as comminution or pulverization, and at least one selected liquid medium.
- Aspergillus is cultured in such a liquid medium. Therefore, it takes time to saccharify starch in the cereals, etc., the rate of sugar release to the culture system is suppressed, and the enzyme activity of liquid koji is enhanced.
- examples of cereals used as a raw material for culturing liquid koji include barley, bare barley, rice, wheat, buckwheat, hye, yam, millet, sorghum, corn and the like. be able to.
- the shape of these raw materials requires that all or a part of the surface be covered with at least the husk, and that unfinished product or at least the husk is left on the surface of the grain. More than the milling ratio that has been milled by the past, brown rice, You can also use brown wheat. In the case of rice, not only brown rice, but also all rice husks are attached, and some rice husks are attached.
- the unmilled milling rate is 100%, or the unmilled milling rate is 100%, and the unmilled milling rate (100%) to the barley grain ratio (generally Is a ratio obtained by subtracting 7-8%), that is, a fineness ratio of 92-93% or more.
- the milling rate refers to the proportion of cereals left after cerealing, and for example, 90% milling rate means that 10% of the skin of the surface layer of cereals is scraped off.
- the unpolished barley is one that has been refined to such an extent that the unmilled wheat power husk remains on the surface of the grain, and includes those having a milling ratio of 90% or more.
- the husk means the outer part covering the surface of the grain of cereal.
- examples of beans and cocoons used as a culture raw material for liquid koji include soybeans, red beans, and sweet potatoes. These culture raw materials merely wash off the dirt on the outer skin, and do not perform any processing such as cutting and grinding.
- amaranth used as a raw material for culturing liquid koji is a general term for a plant belonging to the genus Huaceae and is one of amino acids having a high protein content in cereals. Lysine content is comparable to soybean. Compared with milled rice, it is a highly nutritious grain that contains a lot of calcium, iron and fiber, and its country of origin is a specific region in Latin America, India, Himalayas, and Nepal. Quinua, on the other hand, is an annual plant of the Agasaceae family and is cultivated mainly in the highlands of southern Peru and the Andes Mountains of western Peru and is rich in minerals, vitamins, proteins and dietary fiber.
- the culture raw materials amaranth and quinua may be used alone or in combination. These are used for the preparation of liquid media without pretreatment such as comminution or grinding.
- the above culture raw material is mixed with water to prepare a liquid medium.
- the amount of the culture raw material used in the liquid medium can be adjusted. is necessary.
- cellulolytic enzyme cellulase
- xylan degrading enzyme xylanase
- Plant fiber lytic enzymes are enhanced.
- the amount of culture raw material used in the liquid medium is such that darcoamylase and acid-resistant hyaamylase are selectively produced and accumulated during the cultivation of Aspergillus oryzae, and plant fibers such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme. This is the range where the lytic enzyme is enhanced.
- barley or bare barley when used as a culture raw material, it is prepared in a liquid medium in which 1 to 20% (wZvol) of barley or bare barley is added to water.
- wZvol 1 to 20%
- unpolished barley or bare barley it is more preferable to prepare barley or bare wheat that has been prepared in a liquid medium supplemented with 8-10% (w / vol) and refined 95%.
- it is more preferably prepared in a liquid medium supplemented with 1 to 4% (w / vol).
- brown rice when brown rice from which rice husk is removed is used as a culture raw material, brown rice is 1 to 20% (w / vol), preferably 5 to 13% (w / vol), more preferably water. Is prepared in a liquid medium supplemented with 8-10% (w / vol).
- the beans are 1 to 10% (w / vol), preferably 8 to 10% (w / vol) for soybeans and 1 for beans. Prepared in liquid medium supplemented with ⁇ 2% (w / vol).
- moss is used as a culture raw material, it is prepared in a liquid medium with moss 1 to 10% (w / vol) added to water.
- amaranth when used as a culture raw material, it is 1.5 to 15% (wZ vol), preferably 2 to 10% (w / vol), more preferably 2 to 8% based on water. Prepared in a liquid medium supplemented with (w / vol). On the other hand, in the case of quinoa, 1.5 to 7% (wZvol), preferably 2 to 6% (w / vol), more preferably 2 to 4% (w / vol) is added to water. Prepared in a liquid medium. [0050] Furthermore, since the optimum blending dosage varies depending on the type of culture raw material used, the degree of whitening of the culture raw material, and the like, it may be appropriately selected.
- gonococcus When gonococcus is cultured in a liquid medium to which a culture raw material within the above range is added, it has sufficient enzyme activity (dalcoamylase and acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase activity) for use in the production of fermented foods and drinks such as shochu. At the same time, liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzymes such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme (xylanase) is produced.
- enzyme activity dicoamylase and acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase activity
- liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzymes such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme (xylanase) is produced.
- the amount of the culture raw material used exceeds the upper limit, it is not possible to obtain a liquid cake in which plant fiber-dissolving enzymes such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme (xylanase) are enhanced. Furthermore, the viscosity of the culture solution becomes high, supply of oxygen and air necessary for aerobic culture of Aspergillus oryzae becomes insufficient, oxygen concentration in the culture decreases, and culture is difficult to proceed. On the other hand, if the amount of culture raw material used is less than the lower limit, the target enzyme will not be produced at a high rate.
- plant fiber-dissolving enzymes such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme (xylanase) are enhanced. Furthermore, the viscosity of the culture solution becomes high, supply of oxygen and air necessary for aerobic culture of Aspergillus oryzae becomes insufficient, oxygen concentration in the culture decreases, and culture is
- the starch contained in the raw material may be gelatinized in advance before culturing.
- the gelatinization method of starch is not particularly limited and may be carried out according to conventional methods such as the steaming method and roasting method. In the sterilization process of the liquid medium described later, when the starch is heated to a temperature higher than the gelatinization temperature by high-temperature high-pressure sterilization or the like, the starch paste is simultaneously performed by this treatment.
- additives are not particularly limited as long as they are commonly used for culturing koji molds, but as organic substances, rice bran, wheat straw, corn steep liquor, soybean meal, defatted soybean, etc. are used as inorganic salts.
- Water-soluble compounds such as ammonium salts, nitrates, potassium salts, acidic phosphates, calcium salts, magnesium salts can be mentioned, and two or more kinds of organic substances and salt or inorganic salts may be used simultaneously. .
- the amount added is not particularly limited as long as it promotes the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but is about 0.1 to 5% (wZvol) for organic substances and about 0.1 to 1% (wZvol) for inorganic salts. It is preferable to add.
- the liquid medium of Aspergillus thus obtained may be sterilized as necessary, and the treatment method is not particularly limited.
- An example is the high-temperature, high-pressure sterilization method, which can be done at 121 ° C for 15 minutes! [0055] After the sterilized liquid medium is cooled to the culture temperature, the koji mold is inoculated into the liquid medium.
- the koji mold used in the present invention according to claim 1 is a koji mold having an ability to produce a saccharide-degrading enzyme, preferably a koji mold having a darcoamylase producing ability and an acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase producing ability.
- a koji mold having a darcoamylase producing ability and an acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase producing ability for example, Aspergillus katsii Aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus oryzae typified by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus niger Examples include yellow koji molds typified by Aspergillus sojae.
- the white koji mold, black koji mold, and yellow koji mold may be used alone or in combination.
- white koji molds and black koji molds are used alone or in combination.
- These koji molds can be used either by culturing with one kind of strain or by mixed culturing with two or more kinds of the same or different kinds of strains. There is no problem with using either spores or hyphae obtained by preculture, but it is preferable to use hyphae because the time required for the logarithmic growth phase is shortened. There are no particular restrictions on the amount of koji mold inoculated into the liquid medium, but about 1 X 10 4 to 1 X 10 6 spore per ml of liquid medium, and 0.1 to 10 pre-culture solution for mycelia. It is preferable to inoculate about%.
- the culture temperature of the koji mold is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the growth, but it is preferably 25 to 45 ° C, more preferably 30 to 40 ° C. When the culture temperature is low, the growth of Aspergillus oryzae is slowed down, and contamination with various bacteria is likely to occur.
- the culture time is preferably 24 to 72 hours.
- the culture apparatus can perform liquid culture, it is necessary to perform aerobic culture, and it is necessary to perform it under aerobic conditions where oxygen and air can be supplied into the medium. . Moreover, it is preferable to stir so that the raw material, oxygen, and bacilli in the medium are uniformly distributed in the apparatus during the culture.
- the stirring conditions and aeration amount may be appropriately selected depending on the culture apparatus, the viscosity of the medium, etc., as long as the culture environment can be maintained aerobically.
- a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme such as xylan-degrading enzyme is obtained.
- the liquid koji includes a culture solution obtained by centrifuging a culture, a concentrate thereof, a dry product thereof, and the like in addition to the culture itself.
- the liquid container according to claim 5 can be produced.
- the liquid koji according to claim 5 obtained by the production method of the present invention according to claim 1 is a fermented food or drink (for example, shochu, sake, soy sauce, miso, mirin, etc.) as described in claim 15. ).
- the preparation stage in the case of producing miso, the liquid koji can be used in place of the solid koji in the charging stage in the charging stage.
- the liquid koji obtained by the method of the present invention according to claim 1 can also be used as a pharmaceutical preparation such as an enzyme preparation and a digestive agent because of its high enzyme activity.
- the obtained koji mold culture may be concentrated and purified to a desired degree, and an appropriate excipient, thickener, sweetener, etc. may be added and added by a conventional method.
- the present invention according to claim 6 provides a method for producing a dried liquid cake, which comprises drying the liquid cake obtained as described above.
- Vacuum freeze-drying may be performed by a conventional method.
- the conditions for vacuum freezing and drying are not particularly limited. Usually, after pre-freezing at a temperature of 10 to 40 ° C for 1 to 6 hours and at 5 to 30 ° C, the degree of vacuum is lTorr. Hereinafter, drying is preferably performed at 0.7 Torr or less for 10 to 30 hours.
- the dried liquid koji product of claim 7 obtained by the production method of the present invention according to claim 6 can be suitably used for producing fermented foods and drinks.
- the dried liquid cake can be used instead of solid cake or liquid cake at the preparation stage.
- the dried koji product may be used as it is, or steamed barley or yeast cells and liquid koji may be used.
- a product that has been mixed in advance and then dried may be used, or a product prepared by mixing these various raw materials that have been dried can also be used. If a kind of kit is prepared in this way, it becomes a simple starter that can produce fermented foods and drinks such as shochu, just by adding pumped water.
- the entire process can basically be performed in the liquid phase.
- a method for producing fermented foods and beverages in which the entire process is performed in a liquid phase for example, when producing shochu, corn, wheat, rice, potato, sugar cane, etc. are used as raw materials, and the raw materials are about 80 ° C. After heating the solution using a heat-resistant enzyme agent at a high temperature, the above-mentioned dried liquid koji product and yeast were added to the mash that had been fermented with alcohol. Or the method of distilling and manufacturing by a vacuum distillation method etc. is mentioned.
- the liquid soot obtained by the above-described manufacturing method is a powder according to the present invention described in claim 21.
- industrial alcohol (ethanol) can be produced according to a known method for producing industrial alcohol (ethanol) except that the liquid soot is used instead of solid soot.
- the raw materials used in the production of ethanol are starchy raw materials such as barley, bare barley, rice, wheat, buckwheat, cereals, millet, millet, corn and corn;
- Production of ethanol by fermentation can be performed using, for example, a continuous steaming device such as a low-temperature continuous steaming device.
- a continuous steaming device such as a low-temperature continuous steaming device.
- yeast having an ability to produce ethanol such as shochu yeast, is added to the liquid koji.
- the raw materials and water are added and charged. Use lactic acid as needed.
- the mash that has been fermented without using an enzyme agent and using only liquid koji has a high alcohol content of 18 to 20%. It has become.
- 95% or more of high-quality industrial alcohol can be produced by distilling the mash after the fermentation with a distillation machine such as a precision distillation machine, preferably a continuous distillation machine to remove impurities. it can.
- a distillation machine such as a precision distillation machine, preferably a continuous distillation machine to remove impurities. it can.
- Example 1 Production of Aspergillus oryzae culture (liquid koji) with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme)
- Pre-culture method 65% refined wheat (Australian Stirling) 8g and 100ml water 500ml The mixture was placed in a conical flask equipped with a kaffle and autoclaved at 121 ° C for 15 minutes to prepare a preculture medium. By inoculating 1 ⁇ 10 6 ZmI of Aspergillus kaw achii NBRC4308 spores in this pre-culture medium and shaking culture at 37 ° C for 24 hours at lOOrpm, A preculture was obtained.
- the cells were cultured for 42 hours at a temperature of 37 ° C, a stirring speed of 300 rpm, and an aeration rate of 0.5 wm to obtain a koji mold culture (liquid koji).
- the production amount of dalcamylase (GA), acid resistance (X amylase (ASAA), cellulase (CEL), and xylanase (XYL) was measured.
- Table 1 shows the dalcoamylase (GA) of gonococcal culture (liquid koji) obtained by culturing in a liquid medium according to the amount of brown oat used, and metaacid a amylase (ASAA), cellulase (CEL), xylanase ( The amount of XYL) produced is shown.
- a sugar squid fraction determination kit (manufactured by Kikkoman) was used to measure the enzyme activity of darcoamylase (GA).
- the enzyme activity of acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase (ASAA) was measured according to “Su do S. et al: J. Ferment. Bioeng., 76, 105-110 (1993), Sudo b. Et al: J. Ferment.
- CEL cellulase activity
- DNS reagent including dinitrosalicylic acid 0.75%, sodium hydroxide 1.2%, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 22.5%, lactose monohydrate 0.3%) and mix well. Stopped.
- the reaction stop solution was heated accurately in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes. Subsequently, after cooling to room temperature, the amount of reducing sugar corresponding to glucose was quantified by measuring the absorbance at 540 nm.
- One unit of cellulase activity (CEL) was expressed as the amount of enzyme that produces reducing sugar corresponding to 1 ⁇ mol of glucose per minute.
- One unit of cellulase activity was expressed as the amount of enzyme that produces reducing sugar equivalent to 1 mol of dalcose per minute under the reaction conditions of 40 ° C and 10 minutes.
- xylanase activity was quantified by increasing the absorbance at 540 nm by reacting a reducing sugar produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using xylan derived from oat spelts as a substrate. More specifically, 1% xylan substrate solution [Sigma Xylan, from oat spelts dissolved in 200 mM acetic acid buffer (PH4.5)] Add 0.1 ml of culture solution to 1.9 ml, and at 40 ° C.
- DNS reagent (containing dinitrosalicylic acid 0.75%, sodium hydrate sodium 1.2%, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 22.5%, lactose monohydrate 0.3%) 4ml
- the reaction was stopped after mixing.
- the reaction stop solution was accurately heated in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes.
- the amount of reducing sugar corresponding to xylose was quantified by measuring the absorbance at 540 ⁇ m.
- One unit of xylanase activity was expressed as the amount of enzyme that produces a reducing sugar equivalent to 1 mol of xyloose per minute under the reaction conditions of 40 ° C for 10 minutes.
- Example 2 Alcohol fermentation using a koji mold culture (liquid koji) with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzyme
- Example 1 a koji mold culture (liquid koji) obtained by culturing in a liquid medium prepared by adding 2.0% (w / vol) 1.7% (w / vol), 1.4% (w / vol) brown wheat It was used for alcohol fermentation.
- the brown wheat in Example 1 was added to the control group; 2.0% (w / vol), the first group of the present invention; 1.7% (w / vol), the second group of the present invention; 1.4% (w / vol).
- the koji mold culture liquid koji
- the three-stage preparation was performed for 5 days for the first charge, 2 days for the second charge, and 13 days for the third charge.
- the yeast is shochu yeast (Kagoshima yeast) 50 ⁇ L of the cells obtained by static culture in YPD medium at 30 ° C. for 48 hours were inoculated.
- the fermentation process is shown in FIG.
- the fermentation progress was smooth in each test zone, but the fermentation in the 1.7% use zone, where various enzymes were produced in a well-balanced manner, was particularly strong.
- the alcohol content of the final product obtained was 18.0% in the 2.0% use zone (control group), 19.2% in the 1.7% use zone (Invention 1), and 18.6% in the 1.4% use zone (Invention 2). 1.7% use zone (Invention 1) High!
- the yield was alcohol.
- the amount of the raw material used is adjusted when culturing the koji mold in a liquid medium containing cereals etc. whose surface is entirely or partially covered with husk as the raw material for culture.
- plant fiber lytic enzymes such as cellulase (CEL) and xylanase (XYL) can be simultaneously produced and accumulated in koji mold cultures with at least darcoamylase and acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase.
- Alcohol fermentation using these koji mold cultures (liquid koji) with enhanced plant tissue-dissolving enzymes has been shown to not only improve the amount of alcohol obtained, but also reduce the viscosity of moromi. The potential for efficiency has expanded. Subsequently, barley shochu can be produced by single distillation using these moromis, and industrial alcohol (ethanol) can be easily recovered by continuous distillation.
- Pre-culture method 8 g of 65% white wheat (Australian Stirling) and 100 ml of water were placed in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a kaffle and autoclaved at 121 ° C for 15 minutes to prepare a preculture medium. Inoculate Bacillus subtilis [Aspergillus kaw achii NBRC4308] in this preculture medium so that the conidia number is 1 X 10 6 Zml, and culture at 37 ° C for 24 hours at 1 OOrpm. As a result, a preculture solution was obtained.
- a sugar squid fraction determination kit (manufactured by Kikkoman) was used for measuring the enzyme activity of dalcore mirase.
- the enzyme activity of acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase was measured by rsudo S. et al: J. Ferment. Bioeng., 76, 105-110 (1993), Sudo S. et al: J. Ferment.
- the enzyme activity of the dried koji mold (liquid koji) dried product (dried product) was measured by dissolving 270 mg of koji mold (liquid koji) dried product (dried product) in 20 ml of 10 mM acetate buffer (pH 5). And measured.
- Table 3 below shows the enzyme activity measurement results of the undried product obtained in (I) and the dried product obtained in (i).
- Alcohol fermentation was performed using each of the undried product and the dried product obtained in Example 3 (the undried group and the dried group, respectively).
- Example 3 using 100 ml of the undried product obtained in the above or 1.35 g of the dried product, 3.7 g of total wheat was prepared using the charging composition shown in Table 4 or Table 5. It was. The fermentation temperature was maintained at 25 ° C., and the secondary charging was performed for 4 days for the primary charge and 17 days for the secondary charge.
- Fig. 3 shows the course of mash fermentation by weight reduction integration in the undried and dry areas.
- the alcohol content of the final mash obtained was 19.6% in the undried group and 19.4% in the dried group, and both test groups fermented well.
- Pre-culture method 8 g of 90% polished rice (koshihikari) and 100 ml of water were placed on a 500 ml triangular flask with baffle and autoclaved at 121 ° C for 15 minutes to prepare a preculture medium.
- the front was inoculated so that the white koji [Asuperugirusu-Kawachi (Aspergillus kawachii) NBRC4308] Conidia number force SI X 10 6 cells Zml the culture medium, 37 ° C, 24 hours, you shake culture at lOOrpm As a result, a preculture solution was obtained.
- Table 6 shows the enzyme activity of the obtained brown rice koji mold culture (liquid koji).
- brown rice koji mold culture (liquid koji) has good dalcoamylase activity and acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase activity.
- the charging composition was as shown in Table 7.
- yeast shochu yeast (Kagoshima yeast) was cultured in 10 ml of YPD medium at 30 ° C for 1 day, 1 ml of the culture was centrifuged, and the precipitated yeast was washed twice with sterile water and collected. The total amount of yeast was used.
- brown rice koji mold culture liquid koji obtained in (I) above, yeast, kake rice (koshihikari white rice), 90% lactic acid and water were added thereto. Fermentation conditions were constant at 25 ° C and fermentation was performed for 16 days. After 3 days of primary charging, secondary charging was performed.
- the alcohol content of the obtained industrial alcohol (ethanol) was 95.3%.
- the use of an expensive plant fiber-dissolving enzyme preparation or the use of a genetically modified bacterium is not a solid culture but a liquid culture. Therefore, a liquid koji with enhanced plant fiber-dissolving enzymes such as cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) and xylan-degrading enzyme can be produced.
- a dried liquid koji product having high activity of darcoamylase, acid-resistant ⁇ -amylase, and plant fiber-dissolving enzyme can be produced. Since it is a dry product, it has the advantage of being able to respond to sudden manufacturing in a timely manner.
- industrial alcohol ethanol
- liquid koji having sufficient enzyme activity required for alcohol fermentation.
- the present invention is expected to be effectively used in the field of food and beverage production, the chemical industry, and the energy industry.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (9)
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JP2007509816A JP4113252B2 (ja) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | 植物繊維溶解酵素が増強された液体麹の製造方法、該方法により得られた液体麹およびその用途 |
CA002622619A CA2622619A1 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | Method of producing liquid koji having enhanced plant fiber degradation enzyme, liquid koji obtained by the method and use thereof |
EP06797410.5A EP1927653B1 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | Method for production of liquid koji having enhanced plant fiber digestive enzyme, liquid koji produced by the method, and use of the liquid koji |
ES06797410.5T ES2451648T3 (es) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | Procedimiento de producción de koji liquido que tiene enzima digestiva de fibra vegetal potenciada, koji líquido producido por el procedimiento y uso del koji líquido |
KR1020087006584A KR101324811B1 (ko) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | 식물섬유소화 효소가 증강된 액체국의 제조방법, 상기방법에 의해 제조되는 액체국, 및 그 액체국의 용도 |
US12/067,423 US7998715B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | Method of producing liquid koji having enhanced plant fiber degeneration enzyme, liquid koji obtained by the method and use thereof |
AU2006293297A AU2006293297B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | Method of producing liquid koji having enhanced plant fiber degradation enzyme, liquid koji obtained by the method and use thereof |
CN200680034647XA CN101268180B (zh) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | 生产具有增强的植物纤维降解酶的液体曲的方法,通过所述方法获得的液体曲及其应用 |
DK06797410.5T DK1927653T3 (da) | 2005-09-20 | 2006-09-05 | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af flydende koji med forbedret plantefiberfordøjelsesenzym, flydende koji fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden, og anvendelse af det flydende koji |
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JP2005290846 | 2005-10-04 | ||
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US (1) | US7998715B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1927653B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4113252B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101324811B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101268180B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006293297B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2622619A1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1927653T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2451648T3 (ja) |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012049737A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-19 | アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 | デンプン分解酵素活性及び食物繊維分解酵素活性が増強された液体麹の製造方法 |
JP2014504506A (ja) * | 2011-02-03 | 2014-02-24 | アイ キャメルガード ジョセフ | キヌア系飲料およびキヌア系飲料の製造方法 |
JP2019180407A (ja) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-24 | 株式会社イノス | 食用酵素組成物の製造方法 |
KR20210099893A (ko) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-13 | 농업회사법인 용봉주조 주식회사 | 고주파 펄스를 이용한 균체의 성장속도 향상과 쌀의 도정 정도를 조정하여 효소활성 향상을 이룬 액체누룩 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 액체누룩을 함유하는 탁주 또는 화장품 |
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KR20140036243A (ko) | 2011-05-23 | 2014-03-25 | 유겐가이샤 메이쇼 | 수목을 원료로써 사용한 알코올을 제조하는 방법 및 그것에 의하여 얻어진 알코올 용액 |
CN104745559A (zh) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-01 | 广西靖西梁鹏食品有限公司 | 一种山楂果酒用果胶酶及其制备方法 |
CN114854594B (zh) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏科技大学 | 一种食醋复合直投菌种保护剂的制备方法 |
CN114774330B (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-07-21 | 中国医学科学院医药生物技术研究所 | 解纤维素雌植菌新物种及其应用 |
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- 2006-09-05 JP JP2007509816A patent/JP4113252B2/ja active Active
- 2006-09-05 CA CA002622619A patent/CA2622619A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-09-05 DK DK06797410.5T patent/DK1927653T3/da active
- 2006-09-05 KR KR1020087006584A patent/KR101324811B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-05 ES ES06797410.5T patent/ES2451648T3/es active Active
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- 2006-09-05 AU AU2006293297A patent/AU2006293297B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 2006-09-05 EP EP06797410.5A patent/EP1927653B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-09-08 TW TW095133145A patent/TW200804590A/zh unknown
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2012049737A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-19 | アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 | デンプン分解酵素活性及び食物繊維分解酵素活性が増強された液体麹の製造方法 |
JP2014504506A (ja) * | 2011-02-03 | 2014-02-24 | アイ キャメルガード ジョセフ | キヌア系飲料およびキヌア系飲料の製造方法 |
JP2019180407A (ja) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-24 | 株式会社イノス | 食用酵素組成物の製造方法 |
KR20210099893A (ko) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-13 | 농업회사법인 용봉주조 주식회사 | 고주파 펄스를 이용한 균체의 성장속도 향상과 쌀의 도정 정도를 조정하여 효소활성 향상을 이룬 액체누룩 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 액체누룩을 함유하는 탁주 또는 화장품 |
KR102303173B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-09-16 | 농업회사법인 용봉주조 주식회사 | 고주파 펄스를 이용한 균체의 성장속도 향상과 쌀의 도정 정도를 조정하여 효소활성 향상을 이룬 액체누룩 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 액체누룩을 함유하는 탁주 또는 화장품 |
Also Published As
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EP1927653A4 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
EP1927653A1 (en) | 2008-06-04 |
JP4113252B2 (ja) | 2008-07-09 |
AU2006293297A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
ES2451648T3 (es) | 2014-03-28 |
AU2006293297B2 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
CN101268180A (zh) | 2008-09-17 |
KR20080050582A (ko) | 2008-06-09 |
EP1927653B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
TW200804590A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
MY143774A (en) | 2011-07-15 |
CN101268180B (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
KR101324811B1 (ko) | 2013-11-01 |
US7998715B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
JPWO2007034670A1 (ja) | 2009-03-19 |
DK1927653T3 (da) | 2014-01-20 |
CA2622619A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
US20090022848A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
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