Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
  • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a control agent for a disease occurring at the time of rice seedling and a method for controlling a disease occurring at the time of rice seedling using the same.
• Raising healthy and homogeneous seedlings for rice cultivation is one of the most important tasks, but the time of seedling, from germination to seedling, is usually affected by various diseases. Thorough control is carried out with drugs.
• Examples of chemical synthetic agents used for controlling diseases during the rice seedling development period conventionally used are rice seedling disease, rice blast disease, sesame leaf blight, which are seed-borne diseases caused by filamentous fungi. DMI agents such as trifumisol are commonly used for diseases, and oxlinic acid is used for rice seed blight, seedling blight and brown stripes, which are infectious diseases caused by bacteria. Widely used.
• rice seedling blight, a soil-borne disease is controlled with drugs containing hydroxyisoxazole, benomyl and the like.
• Patent Document 1 describes a microbial preparation for controlling rice diseases containing Fusarium spp.
• Patent Document 2 describes a microbial preparation for controlling rice seedling diseases containing Pseudomonas spp.
• a microbial fungicide Biotrust (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.), which contains Talaromyces flavus, which is a type of filamentous fungus, as an active ingredient, has been used for foliage for strawberry anthracnose and Ichigo powdery mildew. It is used as a disease control agent.
• Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 89562
• Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-17343
• the present invention has been made from the above viewpoint, and provides a microbial pesticide that is excellent in controlling effect against many diseases occurring during the seedling raising period of rice, is safe and has little environmental impact! This is the issue.
• the gist of the present invention is as follows.
• An agent for controlling a disease occurring during the seedling raising period of rice comprising a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces having an antagonistic action against a pathogen causing a disease at the time of rice seedling raising.
• Rice pathogens (Gibberella laubik uroi); rice blast fungus (Pyriculana oryzae; Cochliobolus miyabea nus); ⁇ (Pseudomonas avenae); Fusarium, a rice seedling blight fungus (Pseudomonas glumae);
• Talaromyces flavus The disease control agent according to any one of (1) to (3).
• the disease control agent according to (4) which is a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Taralomyces, Talaromyces' Flavus Y-9401 strain (FER M BP-10642).
• Rice seedling time comprising the step of treating rice seeds, seedlings, seedling soil or seedling culture medium with the disease control agent according to any one of (1) to (5) To control diseases that occur in Japan.
• the disease control agent of the present invention is a disease control agent that occurs at the time of rice seedling raising.
• seedling means a seedling plant until the planting of rice.
• “nurturing” means growing seedlings
• “nurturing time” means the cultivation time before planting seedlings.
• the seedlings at the time of raising seedlings may indicate the growing season of the seedlings by the number of leaves the seedling has, such as the 1-leaf stage, 2-leaf stage, and 3-leaf stage.
• seedlings at the seedling raising time are seedlings up to about the fourth leaf stage including imperfect leaves, which are the suitable time for transplanting in seedling transplanting cultivation.
• the disease control agent of the present invention contains a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Tallalomyces as an active ingredient.
• the filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Tallalomyces used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has an antagonistic action against pathogenic bacteria that cause disease during the rice seedling raising season.
• the “antagonism” means an action of reducing the number of cells of pathogenic bacteria causing disease during the time of seedling raising of the target rice or an action of suppressing the growth, that is, an antibacterial action.
• a bacterium having an antagonistic action against a pathogen causing a disease at the time of rice seedling raising a bacterium belonging to the Talalomyces flavus species is preferable, and among them, Taraguchi Myces' Flavus Y-9401 strain is preferable. Can be mentioned.
• a mutant strain of Y-9401 strain can also be used as long as it has the above antagonistic action.
• one of the above microorganisms can be used alone or in combination of two or more as long as the disease control effect is not affected.
• Talalomyces flavus Y-9401 shares were registered on September 2, 1996, at the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. (IPOD) (Tsukuba Sakai East Ibaraki Pref. 1-1-1 Central No. 6)) is deposited as FERM IV-15816. It was transferred to an international deposit on 18 July 2006 and deposited as FERM BP-10642.
• the antagonism against pathogenic bacteria causing disease at the time of rice seedling is, for example, arranged at 15 to 35 ° C by placing the test bacteria and pathogenic bacteria causing the disease at the time of rice seedling on the same plate. This can be confirmed by observing the state of growth inhibition of pathogenic bacteria causing disease at the time of rice seedling growth, after culturing for 14 days.
• filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Tallaromyces used in the present invention can be cultured by the same method as that for ordinary filamentous fungi.
• filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Tallalomyces can be grown by a liquid culture method such as reciprocating liquid culture cultured in a liquid medium or jafermenter culture or a solid culture method cultured in a solid medium.
• a solid culture method is more preferably used.
• the culture temperature that is desirably carried out under aerobic conditions by aeration, stirring, shaking, etc. is preferably 20 to 40 ° C.
• the culture period is preferably 3 to 60 days, more preferably 3 to 20 days.
• the fungal body belonging to the genus Taralomyces used in the present invention is a spore from the viewpoint of storage stability as a product of a disease control agent.
• the culture conditions such as the composition of the medium, the pH of the medium, the culture temperature, the culture humidity, and the oxygen concentration at the time of culturing may be used at the end of the culture to sporulate the filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Tallaromyces. It is preferable to prepare so as to adapt to the sporulation conditions.
• a potato dextrose medium, a Sabouraud medium, or the like is used as a liquid medium component used when culturing a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces.
• grains such as rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans, solid components derived from grains such as bran and soybeans, and solid carriers such as clay minerals containing nutrients, if necessary, sugars Or a medium containing a nitrogen source or the like can be used.
• a culture containing a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces may be used as it is, but if necessary Depending on the situation, the culture may be crushed or chopped, and the spore mainly recovered from the culture with a sieve or the like may be used. Alternatively, the cells can be separated from the culture with a liquid such as water or oil, and can be used as is.
• the disease control agent of the present invention is usually 1 X 10 6 to 1 X 10 12 cfu / g, preferably 1 X 10 7 to 1 X 10 u cfuZg, with filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Talalomyces as a normal colony forming unit.
• the cultured product or the pulverized product of the cultured product is mixed with various types of preparations suitable for the intended use and usage.
• the disease control agent of the present invention preferably has a content of a culture containing a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Taralomyces or a pulverized product of the culture of 0.1 to 99.9 mass% 1. 0-50. 0 Quality is more preferred!
• the disease controlling agent of the present invention can be used by adding as an optional component as long as it does not interfere with the effects of the present invention.
• Such optional components can be contained as necessary for the purpose of formulation, quality stability and the like.
• gelatin gum arabic, alginic acid
• Natural polysaccharides such as celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, chitins, chitosans, etc .
• polybulal alcohols such as celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose, xanthan gum, chitins, chitosans, etc .
• polyacrylic acids such as bentonite, etc.
• dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol may be included as necessary for the purpose of freeze protection.
• Anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants can be included as needed for the purpose of dispersion stability, prevention of aggregation, emulsification, and the like.
• the disease control agent containing a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talaromyces of the present invention can be formulated into a form that is actually easy to use. That is, it can be formulated into wettable powders, powders, granules, emulsions, flowables, coating agents, etc., together with various optional components, if necessary, in accordance with a normal preparation method.
• wettable powders and powders can be produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing the above-described surfactants and quality-stabilizing components as necessary with the above-described solid carrier. .
• a granule is produced by mixing or pulverizing and mixing a surfactant as described above and a component that stabilizes the quality as necessary, and further granulating the solid carrier as described above. can do.
• the emulsion is mixed with a liquid carrier such as vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil or the like, for the purpose of emulsifying and dispersing the surfactant as described above, and for the purpose of stabilizing the quality.
• a liquid carrier such as vegetable oil, animal oil, mineral oil or the like
• it can be manufactured by mixing or grinding and mixing.
• the flowable agent is separated from the surfactant as described above for the purpose of thickening the above-mentioned auxiliary agent in water and for preventing freezing of the above-mentioned dihydric alcohol or the like.
• the flowable agent can also be produced by mixing or grinding and mixing components that stabilize the quality.
• the coating agent can be produced by adding an auxiliary agent to a liquid carrier such as water or oil and mixing them to form a sol or gel.
• the disease control agent of the present invention effectively acts to control diseases that occur during the seedling raising period of rice by filamentous fungi, bacteria, microorganism-borne viruses, and the like.
• the disease control agent of the present invention effectively acts, for example, on rice seed infectious fungi, and the control of diseases caused by soil infectious fungi.
• the disease control agent of the present invention includes, for example, rice shoot seedlings (Gibberella laubikuroi), ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ (Pyricularia oryzae, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 ( ⁇ ochonbolus miyabeanus), Fir f fungi (Pseudomonas glumae), rice seedlings Pseudomonas plantarn, non-branched stripes;) K ⁇ KPseudomonas avenae no., Ium rice seedling fungus (Fusarium genus), It is particularly effective in controlling diseases caused by Pythium spp., Rhizopus spp., Trichoderma spp.
• the disease control agent of the present invention acts on one or more of the above pathogenic bacteria.
• pathogenic fungi that cause diseases at the time of rice seedling as described above, there are some pathogens that cause disease at times other than the time of rice seedling alone, but here
• the term ⁇ pathogenic fungus causing disease '' means a pathogenic fungus that causes disease at least during the seedling raising period of rice, and refers to either a pathogenic fungus that causes disease at a time other than the seedling raising season or a pathogenic fungus that does not cause a disease at a time other than the seedling raising time. Is also included.
• the disease control agent containing a filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talalomyces of the present invention is applied to rice seeds, seedlings, seedling soil or seedling culture medium for the purpose of controlling various diseases as described above. Is appropriately selected depending on the use form such as dosage form and diseases. Examples of such methods include seed soaking treatment, seed dressing treatment, seed application treatment, seed spraying (including spraying) treatment, soil spraying (including spraying) treatment, soil mixing application, soil irrigation application, seedling box Examples include irrigation application, stock application, above-ground liquid application, and above-ground solid application.
• a disease control agent when applying a disease control agent to rice, a fungicide, an insecticide, a nematicide, an acaricide, a herbicide, a plant growth regulator, a fertilizer, a soil improvement material, or the like is mixed or applied. Alternate application or simultaneous application is also possible.
• the dosage of the disease control agent containing the filamentous fungus belonging to the genus Talalomyces of the present invention cannot be specified unconditionally depending on the type of disease, but for example, in the case of seed soaking treatment It is preferable to apply the preparation as a seed soak solution diluted to 10 to L000 times (mass).
• the cell concentration is usually 1 X 10 3 to 1 X 10 1Q cfu per ml of soak solution, preferably 1 X 10 4 to 1 X 10 9 cfu.
• the cell concentration is usually 1 X 10 3 to 1 X 10 1Q per lg seed mass.
• cfu preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 9 cfu.
• LOOOml When applying soil spray, it is preferable to apply 50 ⁇ : LOOOml if spraying is liquid per seedling box (for example, about 1800cm 2 area) normally used for seedling transplantation.
• the bacterial cell concentration is usually 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 1Q cfu, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 1 () cfu per ml of sprayed liquid.
• the seedling box usually used for transplanting seedlings (for example, an area of about 1800 cm 2 ) 0.1-1: LOOg is preferred to apply the bacterial cell concentration is soil lml Per 1 X 10 2 to 1 X 10 9 cfu, preferably 1 X 10 3 to 1 X 10 8 cfu.
• the spraying is liquid per seedling box that is normally used for seedling transplantation (eg, about 1800 cm 2 area).
• the bacterial cell concentration is usually 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 9 cfu, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 to 1 ⁇ 10 8 cfu per ml of sprayed liquid.
• the frequency of application of the disease control agent of the present invention is used at a frequency of, for example, 1 to 5 times during rice seedling raising time against pathogenic bacteria that cause disease during rice seedling raising time. By using it, it becomes possible to suppress the occurrence of disease during the time of rice seedling raising.
• rice seedlings and rice can be cultivated by a usual method.
• Rice seedlings (variety: Akitakomachi) seeds were harvested from paddy rice because of the frequent occurrence of seedling disease in Nissan. This seed was used as a seed infected with an idiotic fungus.
• the seeds infected with the seedling fungus were sown in a 100 cm 2 plastic pot filled with soil for raising rice seedlings.
• the area where the seeds with chemical treatment were sown was designated as the chemical treatment area, and the area where the seeds without treatment were sown was designated as the non-treatment area.
• Three treatments were performed for both the drug-treated group and the non-treated group.
• the cultivation was controlled in a glass greenhouse according to a standard method.
• the diseased seedling rate was calculated based on the following (Equation 1) using the average number of diseased seedlings of 3 treatments in each treatment area as diseased seedlings.
• the calculated diseased seedling rate power was also calculated based on the following (Equation 2) as a control effect in the chemical treatment area.
• Control value [(Non-treated plot disease seedling rate-one drug treatment plot disease seedling rate) Untreated plot disease seedling rate] X 1 0 0 (Formula 2)
• Rice (variety: Fusaotome) seeds were put into a solution containing a bacterial wilt disease and forcibly inoculated into the seeds under reduced pressure conditions. After air drying, the seed pods were used as seeds infected with bacterial wilt.
• the seeds infected with the bacterial wilt disease were sown in a 100 cm 2 plastic pot filled with soil for raising rice seedlings.
• the area where the seeds treated with the drug are seeded The area where the untreated seeds were sown was designated as an untreated area.
• Three repetitions were made for both the drug-treated group and the untreated group.
• the cultivation was controlled in a glass greenhouse according to a standard method.
• the seedlings with the symptom of bacterial wilt disease such as decay, wilting, and whitening of the seedlings were used as the diseased seedlings, and the average value of the number of diseased seedlings in three iterations of each treatment area was used. Based on Equation 1), the diseased seedling rate was calculated. Based on the above (Equation 2), the calculated control value of the chemical treatment area was also calculated based on the above-mentioned diseased seedling rate power.
• Rice (variety: Fusaotome) seeds were put into a solution containing a bacterial wilt of seedlings and forcibly inoculated into the seeds under reduced pressure conditions. After air-drying, the seed pods were used as seeds infected with bacterial seedlings.
• Rice (variety: Fusaotome) seeds were put into a solution containing brown streak fungus and inoculated into the seeds under reduced pressure. After air-drying, this seed bud was used as a seed with brown stripe fungus infection.
• Formulation Example 1 produced as described above was diluted 200 times (mass) in water, and 5 ml of brown streak-infected seeds absorbed in 15 ml of this solution at 15 ° C for 5 days were added to the artificial body at 30 ° C in the dark. It was immersed in a meteorological device for 24 hours to obtain drug-treated seeds. Similarly, the seeds infected with brown streak were immersed in water and used as the target (untreated seeds). [0073] (3) Growth of test plants
• the seeds infected with brown stripe fungus were sown in a 100 cm 2 plastic pot filled with paddy rice seedling culture soil.
• the area sowed with the drug-treated seeds was designated as the drug-treated area, and the area sowed with the untreated seeds was designated as the untreated area.
• Three repetitions were performed for both the drug-treated group and the untreated group.
• the cultivation was controlled in a glass greenhouse in accordance with a regular method.
• the seedlings with the symptoms of brown stripe disease such as rot, wilting and browning of the seedlings were used as the diseased seedlings, and the average value of the number of diseased seedlings in the 3 iterations of each treatment area was used. Based on 1), the diseased seedling rate was calculated. Based on the above (Equation 2), the calculated diseased seedling rate power was also calculated as a control effect in the chemical treatment area.
• the paddy rice seedling culture medium was mixed with Fusuma and the Fusarium fungus culture cultivated in the paddy rice seedling culture medium, to obtain soil contaminated with rice seedling blight by Fusarium fungus.
• the pot subjected to the above treatment was covered with a paddy rice seedling culture medium, and then cultivated and managed in a glass greenhouse according to a standard method.
• the symptom of seedling blight caused by Fusarium fungi such as decay, wilting, and browning of the seedlings appears, and the average number of diseased seedlings in the two iterations of each treatment area is determined.
• the diseased seedling rate was calculated.
• the control value of the chemical treatment area was calculated as a control effect based on the above (Formula 2).
• Rice bran seedling culture medium was uniformly mixed with bran and Rhizopus fungus cultures cultured in paddy rice seedling culture medium, to obtain soil contaminated with rice seedling blight by Rhizopus spp.
• the pot subjected to the above treatment was covered with a paddy rice seedling culture medium, and then cultivated and managed in a glass greenhouse according to a standard method.
• Trichoderma fungus culture cultivated in bran and paddy rice seedling culture medium was uniformly mixed with the paddy rice seedling culture medium to obtain soil contaminated with rice seedling blight by Trichoderma bacteria.
• the pot subjected to the above treatment was covered with a paddy rice seedling culture medium, and then cultivated and managed in a glass greenhouse according to a standard method.
• microorganism preparation having the following features can be provided.

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• 2005
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