WO2007009388A1 - Derives d'artemisinine hydrosolubles, leurs procedes de preparation, leurs compositions pharmaceutiques et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Derives d'artemisinine hydrosolubles, leurs procedes de preparation, leurs compositions pharmaceutiques et leur utilisation Download PDF

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WO2007009388A1
WO2007009388A1 PCT/CN2006/001782 CN2006001782W WO2007009388A1 WO 2007009388 A1 WO2007009388 A1 WO 2007009388A1 CN 2006001782 W CN2006001782 W CN 2006001782W WO 2007009388 A1 WO2007009388 A1 WO 2007009388A1
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water
soluble
artemisinin
derivative according
pharmaceutically acceptable
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PCT/CN2006/001782
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ying Li
Jianping Zuo
Zhong Shun Yang
Junxia Wang
Yu Zhang
Wei Tang
Jianxin Zhang
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Shanghai Institute Of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy Of Sciences
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Application filed by Shanghai Institute Of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy Of Sciences filed Critical Shanghai Institute Of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy Of Sciences
Priority to CN2006800263250A priority Critical patent/CN101223177B/zh
Priority to JP2008521778A priority patent/JP5345390B2/ja
Priority to US11/989,135 priority patent/US8129426B2/en
Priority to EP06761517.9A priority patent/EP1911761B1/en
Publication of WO2007009388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007009388A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/12Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D493/18Bridged systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/06Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection

Definitions

  • Ice-soluble artemisinin derivative preparation method, pharmaceutical composition and use thereof
  • the present invention relates to chemical synthesis and immunosuppressive effects of terpenoids, and in particular to novel artemisinin compounds, processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions as immunosuppressive agents. Background technique
  • Artemisinin is an antimalarial active ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua (Artemisia a painting a L.), a rare sesquiterpene lactone containing a peroxy group. It not only has excellent anti-caries effect, but also has immunosuppressive effects. Its derivative artesunate has stronger immunosuppressive effect, can treat lupus erythematosus and some skin diseases, and achieve better curative effect [Yu Qibin et al, artesunate treatment of 56 cases of lupus erythematosus, Chinese Journal of Dermatology, 1997, 39: 51; Chen Hua et al.
  • Artemisinin Artesunate The inventors have found that a class of artemisinin derivatives containing a carboxylic acid functional group has a strong immunosuppressive effect (Chinese Invention Patent, Application No.: 200510023824.1). However, their water solubility is small and the bioavailability may not be ideal. Therefore, continue to search for more ideal immunosuppressive agents.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of such derivatives.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide the use of such derivatives.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition of such derivatives.
  • the present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (1), an isomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt:
  • Isomers of the compounds of formula (l) include, but are not limited to, stereoisomers and optical isomers.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the formula (1) include, but are not limited to, addition salts with hydrochloric acid, methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and the like.
  • the substituted alcohol is propylene alcohol, further oxidation is required to form an artemisinin, and then reacted with an amine.
  • the target compound containing a free amine can be made into a corresponding salt with an inorganic acid or an organic acid in an organic solvent such as an alcohol.
  • the compound of the formula (1) obtained by the method of the present invention can be used. Refined by conventional techniques.
  • the present invention further provides a An immunosuppressive pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in a safe, effective dosage range.
  • Safe, effective dose means that the amount of the compound is sufficient to significantly improve the condition without causing serious side effects.
  • the safe and effective dose of the compound will be determined by the specific conditions of the subject's age, weight, indication for treatment, route of administration, course of treatment, and any related treatment. Adults generally receive 10 mg/day to 800 mg/day in one or more doses. Children are reduced.
  • Adjuvant (in weight percent) 20-65%
  • composition of the present invention can be used for oral, parenteral, nasal, translingual, transocular, transgastric or rectal administration, especially tablets or enteric pills, aqueous injections, sublingual tablets, patches, Suppositories, creams, ointments, skin gels, etc.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” means: one or more compatible solid or liquid fillers or excipients which are suitable for human use and which must be of sufficient purity and of sufficiently low toxicity. By “compatibility” it is meant herein that the components of the composition are capable of intermingling with the compounds of the invention and with each other without significantly reducing the potency of the compounds.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include sugars (such as glucose, sucrose, lactose, etc.), starch (such as corn starch, potato starch, etc.), cellulose and its derivatives (such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethylcellulose).
  • compositions of the invention Sodium, cellulose acetate, microcrystalline fiber, etc., polyethylene glycol, gelatin, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium sulfate, Plant mash (such as soybean oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, olive oil, etc.). It can also be an emulsifier (such as Tween®), a wetting agent (such as sodium decyl sulfate), a coloring agent, a flavoring agent, a stabilizer, a preservative, pyrogen-free water, and the like.
  • carrier for the compositions of the invention depends on the mode of administration of the compound.
  • the present inventors conducted screening and studies on the immunosuppressive activity of the compounds of the present invention in vitro and in vivo by the following methods.
  • Reference book Modern pharmacological experimental method, edited by Zhang Juntian, Beijing Medical University / China Union Medical University Joint Publishing House, published in 1998.
  • Test animals Pure Balb/c male mice, 6-8 weeks old.
  • RPMI-1640 medium Gibco, pH 7.2 was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100' U/ml penicillin, 100 g/ml streptomycin, 10 mM HEPES, and 50 ⁇ 2 - ⁇ .
  • mice were sacrificed from the spine, the spleen was aseptically taken, ground to make a single cell suspension, and the red blood cells were removed with MTT solution (10% SDS, 50% dimethylformamide; pH 7.2).
  • MTT solution 10% SDS, 50% dimethylformamide; pH 7.2.
  • the RPMI-1640 medium of %FBS was adjusted to a cell concentration of 5x10 6 /ml. .
  • mice were sacrificed by depolarization, and the spleen was aseptically prepared to prepare a single cell suspension, and the cell concentration was adjusted to 4 x 107 ml with RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS. 2. Add 100 ⁇ l of cell suspension, 50 ⁇ l of sample solution, 50 ⁇ l of ConA or LPS solution to the 96-well plate, and add 50 ⁇ l of culture medium containing 10% FBS to the control wells. The total volume is 200 ⁇ 1 .
  • mice were sacrificed by defibrillation, the spleen was aseptically taken, ground to make a single cell suspension, and after removing red blood cells, the cell concentration was adjusted with RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% calf serum. Adjust to 6xl0 6 /ml.
  • C57BL/6 spleen cells are the reaction cells, Balb/c spleen cells (cobalt 60 irradiation, 3000 rads) are used to stimulate the cells, and the two cells are mixed in equal volume.
  • the plate is frozen in a refrigerator at -20 °C.
  • the cell harvester (HARVESTER96®, T0MTEC) collects the cells on the glass fiber membrane and detects the incorporation of DNA into the [3 ⁇ 4]-thymidine by a liquid flash counter (MicroBeta Trilux®, PerkinElmer). Proliferation.
  • Bovine type II collagen-induced mouse arthritis animal model Bovine type II collagen (CII, Collagen Research Center, Tokyo, Japan) was dissolved in 0. IN acetic acid solution, and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ° C overnight.
  • CFA Pure Chemical industries Ltd., Osaka, Japan
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv was fully emulsified in equal volume with CII, and subcutaneously injected with emulsifier 25 ⁇ 1 (including CII 125 ⁇ ⁇ ) in the tail of DBA/1 mice. Sensitization, 3 weeks later, the same dose of emulsifier was used to re-immunize the tail.
  • the administration is started one day before the second immunization (intraperitoneal injection or gavage), and the administration is continued for 2 weeks to 3 months. Grading is used. 0: no swelling; 1: slight swelling of the toe joint; 2: swelling of the toe joint and ankle; 3: swelling of the foot below the ankle; 4: swelling of all the feet including the ankle.
  • the sum of the limbs scores for each animal indicates the severity of the CIA.
  • [I] Lymphocyte proliferation and toxicity experiments The effects of the immune response process are mainly composed of a T cell-mediated cellular immune response and a B cell-mediated humoral immune response.
  • the inhibitory activity of the drug lymphocyte proliferative response was evaluated by in vitro stimulation of cell and cell activation and proliferation by T cell mitogen ConA and B cell mitogen LPS in vitro; first at 10 ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , 0.1 ⁇ Repeated screening was performed on three concentrations.
  • the three compounds having significant immunosuppressive activity were Example 1, Example 11, and Example 14. They inhibited the proliferation of sputum cells (Con A) at a concentration of no cytotoxicity of up to 65%, 48%, respectively.
  • Example 1 The compound has a strong inhibitory activity against B cell proliferation, but has little or no inhibition on T cells in the absence of cytotoxicity. Based on the above results, Example 1, Example 11, and Example 14 were selected to further examine their immunosuppressive pharmacological activities in vivo and in vitro.
  • Allogeneic mixed lymphocyte proliferative response (MLR) Allogeneic antigen is the main cause of body rejection after transfusion and organ transplantation. Allogeneic antigen expressed on heterologous lymphocytes, mainly histocompatibility antigen, when co-cultured with lymphocytes and heterologous lymphocytes MHC-1, MHC-II molecules, stimulate the response of T cells to initiate an immune proliferative response. The pharmacological effects of the drug on the immune system response closer to the physiological are evaluated by the effect of the drug on the MLR. As shown in the figure, Example 1, Example 11, and Example 14 significantly inhibited the proliferation of responsive lymphocytes in the MLR, and their EC50 were: 3. 48 ⁇ 0. 72 ⁇ ⁇ , 0. 59 ⁇ 0. 066 ⁇ ⁇ , 0. 67 ⁇ 0. 012 ⁇ ⁇ .
  • Example 11 In order to further examine the immunological pharmacological activities of Example 1, Example 11, and Example 14 in vivo, a classical mouse DTH reaction model was selected. The results showed that Example 1, Example 11, and Example 14 were administered orally 50 mg/ Kg, 100mg/kg, 50mg/kg can significantly inhibit the degree of ear swelling in mice (P ⁇ 0.01). The inhibition rate is 56.5%, 50.5%, 52.2%, and The inhibition rate of cyclosporin A (CsA) 5 mg / kg was 40.6 ° /. The pharmacological activity is equivalent.
  • CsA cyclosporin A
  • Example 1 and Example 14 The immunological pharmacological activity was further examined on a mouse arthritis animal model. The results showed that Example 1 and Example 14 significantly inhibited the degree of joint swelling in mice when administered orally at 1 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg (P ⁇ 0.05).
  • Figure 1 is a difference in ear swelling thickness.
  • Example 1, Example 11, Example 14 significantly reduced the thickness of ear swelling in DTH mice.
  • Figure 2 is the difference in ear weight.
  • Figure 3 is an arthritis score of Example 1.
  • Example 11 Controlling mouse arthritis induced by bovine type II collagen, inhibiting swelling of the affected joint
  • Figure 4 is an arthritis score of Example 14.
  • composition in the following examples is in weight percent
  • artemisinin mother core is represented by Q.
  • Corrugation line (1) represents ⁇ substitution or / and ⁇ substitution 'straight line (a " 1 ”) represents ⁇ substitution
  • the dotted line ( ) represents ⁇ instead of Example 1 2,-Aminoetherether ( ⁇ -form) Salt with maleic acid. White crystals. Melting point: 139-141 °C. Elemental analysis (C 21 H 33 N0 9 ) :
  • 2'-Aminoarthrite ( ⁇ -type) maleate 35% Starch 25% Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 30% Starch syrup (10%) 9 % Stearic acid 1 %
  • the active ingredient is comminuted, 100 mesh sieved, Mix with sodium hydroxymethylcellulose, 10% starch slurry, granulate, dry, add dry starch, mix with lubricant, and compress.
  • the prescription is as follows:
  • Example 21 2,-Aminoarthrite ( ⁇ -type) citrate casing tablets
  • the prescription is as follows:
  • the prescription is as follows:
  • 3'-Tetrahydropyrrolyl-2'-hydroxypropionin 35 % - Polyethylene glycol 65% Polyethylene glycol 300 and polyethylene glycol 1500 (1:1) were stirred and heated, after fusion Add the ground and sifted active ingredients and mix well to form a gel.
  • Example 24 2'-Aminoarthrite ( ⁇ -form) maleate Hydrotrope The active ingredient was dissolved in water for injection, filtered, potted, and sterilized.

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Description

氷溶性青蒿素衍生物、 制法、 药物组合物及用途
技术领域
本发明涉及萜类化合物的化学合成及其免疫抑制作用, 具体涉及新的青蒿素类化合 物及其制备方法和作为免疫抑制剂的药物组合物。 背景技术
青蒿素是从中药青蒿(植物黄花蒿 Artemisia a画 a L. )提取出的抗疟有效成分, 一 种罕见的含有过氧基团的倍半萜内酯。 它不但具有卓越的抗笮作用, 还发现有免疫抑 制作用。它的衍生物青蒿琥酯具有更强的免疫抑制作用,可治疗红斑狼疮和某些皮肤病, 取得较好疗效 [余其斌等, 青蒿琥酯治疗红班狼疮 56例, 中华皮肤科杂志, 1997, 39: 51;陈华等,青蒿琥酯治疗湿疹 -皮炎及光敏性皮肤病临床观察,蚌埠医学院院报, 1991, 16: 251]。 但病人需要长期静脉注射, 青蒿琥酯的钠盐水溶液要在临用前配制, 使用 十分不便。 当前临床常用免疫抑制剂环孢素 A价格昂贵, 而且对肾、肝有毒性, 导致有 些病人不能坚持用药。 因此, 本发明者展开了寻找更高效、 更安全的免疫抑制剂的研 究。
Figure imgf000003_0001
青蒿素 青蒿琥酯 本发明者曾研究发现一类含有羧酸官能团的青蒿素衍生物具有较强的免疫抑制作 用 (中国发明专利, 申请号: 200510023824.1 )。 但它们的水溶性小, 可能生物利用度 不理想。 因而继续寻找更为理想的免疫抑制剂。
发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供一类水溶性青蒿素衍生物。
本发明的再一目的是提供该类衍生物的制备方法。 本发明的又一目的是提供该类衍生物的用途。
本发明的另一个目的是提供该类衍生物的药物组合物。 本发明提供如下式(1)所示化合物、 其异构体及药用盐:
Figure imgf000004_0001
(1)
式 (1) 中
当 n = 0时, X = Y = H, Z = NH2
当 n=l 时, X = OH,Y = H, Z = NH2, NHMe, NHEt, NHPr(n), NHBu,
Figure imgf000004_0002
当 n=l 时, X = OH, Y=CH3, 苯基等
Z - NH2, NHR (R = d-C4烷基), NHCH2CH2OH, NR,2 (R, = d-C4烷基,
NH(CH2)2.3NMe2 NQ
Figure imgf000004_0003
-CH, 3
式 (l)所示化合物的异构体包括但不限于立体异构体和光学异构体。
式(1)所示化合物的药用盐包括但不限于与 盐酸、 甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、马来酸、 草酸、 酒石酸、 枸橼酸等的加成盐。
本发明的式 (1) 化合物中较佳的为如下式 (1)化合物, 其中,
n = 0, X = Y=H,Z = NH2;
n= l;X
Figure imgf000004_0004
本发明提供式 α )所示化合物、 其异构体及药用盐。 它们均以二氢青蒿素(2) 为 原料, 在酸催化条件下与取代醇反应。 如取代醇为卤代醇, 则进而与胺类反应, 生成目 标化合物 (1, η = 0)。 如取代醇为二元醇, 则先生成羟基青蒿素醚, 然后将其转化为对 甲苯磺酸酯, 再与胺类反应, 生成目标化合物(1, η = 0 如取代醇为环氧丙醇, 得到 的青蒿环氧丙醚与胺类反应, 生成目标化合物 (1, η =1)。 如取代醇是丙烯醇, 需要进 一步氧化成青蒿环氧丙醚; 再与胺类反应, 生成目标化合物(1, η =1)。 含有游离胺的 目标化合物可在醇等有机溶剂中与无机酸或有机酸制成相应的盐。本发明方法所制得的 式 (1 )化合物都可以用常规的技术进行精制。
一些具体制备方法可参照本发明者的专利 (ZL 89 1 09562.4, ZL 93 1 12454.9 ) 和已发表的论文 J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43 (8):1635-1640 本发明进一步提供一种具有免疫抑制作用的药物组合物, 所述药物组合物包含安 全、 有效剂量范围内的式 (1 ) 所示化合物或其药用盐和药学上可接受的载体。
"安全、 有效剂量"指的是: 化合物的量足以明显改善病情, 而不至于产生严重 的副作用。 化合物的安全、 有效剂量根据治疗对象的年齢、 体重、 治疗适应症、 给药途 径、 疗程及任何相关的治疗等具体情况来确定。 成人一般为 10 mg/天至 800 mg/天, 分一次或多次给药。 儿童酌减。
取代的氨基青蒿素醚(以重量百分比计) 1-55 %
赋形剂 (以重量百分比计) 15-40%
辅助剂 (以重量百分比计) 20-65%
本发明的组合物可用于口服、 胃肠外、经鼻、经舌、经眼、经呼吸道或经直肠给药, 尤其是片剂或肠溶丸、 水针剂、 舌下片剂、 贴剂、 栓剂、 霜剂、 油膏剂、 皮肤用凝胶剂 等。
"药学上可以接受的载体"指的是: 一种或多种相容性固体或液体填充剂或赋形 剂, 它们适合于人使用, 而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。 "相容性"在此指的 是组合物中各组份能和本发明的化合物以及它们之间相互掺和,而不明显降低化合物的 药效。 药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有糖 (如葡萄糖、 蔗糖、 乳糖等), 淀粉 (如玉 米淀粉、 马铃薯淀粉等), 纤维素及其衍生物 (如羧甲基纤维素钠、 乙基纤维素钠、 纤 维素乙酸酯、 微晶纤维等), 聚乙二醇、 明胶, 滑石粉、 硬脂酸、 硬脂酸镁、 硫酸钙, 植物绅 (如豆油、 芝麻油、 花生油、 橄榄油等)。 还可以是乳化剂 (如吐温 ®)、 润湿剂 (如十二垸基硫酸钠), 着色剂, 调味剂, 稳定剂, 防腐剂, 无热原水等。 本发明的组 合物对载体的选择取决于化合物的给药方式。
本发明者采用下列方法, 对本发明的化合物进行了体外和体内的免疫抑制活性的筛 选和研究。 (参考书: 现代药理实验方法, 张均田主编, 北京医科大学 /中国协和医科大 学联合出版社, 1998年出版)。 一. 实验材料 试验动物: 纯系 Balb/c雄性小鼠, 6-8周龄。
RPMI- 1640培养液 (Gibco, pH7.2)添加 10%胎牛血清 (FBS) , 100'U/ml 青霉素, lOO g/ml 链霉素, 10mM HEPES, 及 50μΜ 2 - ΜΕ。 刺激剂: 伴刀豆蛋白 (ConA), 细菌脂多糖(LPS, 来自 &c?eric? sCbJ/055:B5), 临用前以 RPMI- 1640培养液稀释至合适浓度。 二. 实验方法
[一] 淋巴细胞毒性实验
1.脊椎处死小鼠, 无菌取其脾脏, 磨碎制成单细胞悬液, 用 MTT溶解液(10%SDS, 50%二甲基甲酰胺; pH7.2) 去除红细胞后, 用含 10%FBS 的 RPMI-1640培养液将细胞 浓度调成 5xl06/ml。 .
2.96孔培养板中加入 80 μ 1的细胞悬液, 40 u 1的样品, 40 μ 1含 10%FBS的培养液; 对照加 80μ 1培养液, 总体积为 160μ 1。 并设空白对照。
3.放入 37° C, 5% C02培养箱中培养 48小时。在结束培养前 6-7小时,每孔加 5mg/ml MTT 16μ1。
4.结束培养时, 每孔加 80μ1 MTT溶解液(10%SDS, 50%二甲基甲酰胺; pH7.2), 在培养箱中放置 6-7小时后, 用酶标仪于 570nm处测定 0D57。值。
[二] 淋巴细胞增殖实验
1.脱脊椎处死小鼠, 无菌取脾脏制成单细胞悬液, 用含 10%FBS的 RPMI- 1640 培养 液将细胞浓度调成 4xl07ml。 2.于 96孔板中加入 100 μ 1的细胞悬液, 50 μ 1的样品溶液, 50 μ 1 ConA或 LPS溶 液, 对照孔加 50 μ 1含 10%FBS的培养液。 总体积为 200 μ 1。
3.于 37° C、 5% C02培养箱中培养 48小时。 在结束培养前 7-8小时, 每孔加 0. 5 Ci [¾]-胸腺嘧啶核苷 (25 μ 1/孔)。
4.结束培养, 用细胞收集仪 (HARVESTER96® , ΤΟΜΤΕΟ 收集细胞于玻璃纤维膜上, 加入闪烁液, 用液体闪烁记数仪 (MicroBeta Trilux®, PerkinElmer) 检测细胞 DNA 中 [¾]-胸腺嘧啶核苷的掺入量, 反映细胞增殖情况。
[三] 同种异体混合淋巴细胞增殖反应 (MLR)
1.脱脊椎处死 C57BL/6和 Balb/c小鼠, 无菌取其脾脏, 磨碎制成单细胞悬液, 去 除红细胞后, 用含 10%小牛血清的 RPMI-1640 培养液将细胞浓度调成 6xl06/ml。
2. C57BL/6脾细胞为反应细胞, Balb/c脾细胞 (经钴 60照射, 3000 rads) 为刺激 细胞, 两种细胞等体积混合。
3.于 96孔板中加入细胞混合液 100 μ 1, 样品 100 μ 1, 对照加 100 μ 1含 10%血清 的培养液。 并做两种细胞的单独培养对照。
4. 37° C, 5% C02培养箱中培养 3, 4, 5天。在结束培养前 1天,加入 ¾稀释液 25 μ 1 (即, 3. 8xl01DBq的 [¾]-胸腺嘧啶核苷)。
5.结束培养时, 将培养板冻存于 -20°C冰箱。
6.细胞收集仪(HARVESTER96® , T0MTEC)收集细胞于玻璃纤维膜上, 用液闪记数仪 (MicroBeta Trilux®, PerkinElmer) 检测 DNA对 [¾]-胸腺嘧啶核苷的掺入量, 反映细 胞增殖情况。
[四] 迟发性超敏反应动物模型 (DTH)
1. DayO, Balb/c小鼠 (雌性, 6-8周齢) 每组十只, 每只后脚以 20 1 0. 5% DNFB 致敏。 次日加强。 (DNFB溶于 [丙酮: 橄榄油 =4: 1]油剂中);
2. Day (7-9 ), 鼠右耳内外两侧各 10 μ 1 0. 4% DNFB进行攻击;
3.攻击前 1天腹腔灌胃一次, 攻击前腹腔灌胃一次, 24小时后, 再给药一次; 4.攻击后 30-48小时, 检测各指标。
[五] 牛 II型胶原诱导的小鼠关节炎动物模型 牛 II型胶原 (CII, Collagen Research Center, Tokyo, Japan)溶解于 0. IN醋酸溶 液, 于 4°C冰箱过夜。 实验当天将含 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv的 CFA (Walco Pure Chemical industries Ltd., Osaka, Japan) 与 CII等体积充分乳化均勾, 于 DBA/1小鼠尾部皮下注射乳化剂 25μ1 (含 CII 125μ§) 进行致敏, 3周后以相同剂量的 乳化剂于尾部进行再次免疫, 此次佐剂采用 IFA。 在第二次免疫前一天幵始给药 (腹腔 注射或灌胃), 连续给药 2周到 3个月。采用分级评分法。 0: 无红肿; 1 : 趾关节稍肿; 2: 趾关节和足跖肿胀; 3 : 踝关节以下的足爪肿胀; 4: 包括踝关节在内的全部足爪肿 胀。 每只动物四肢评分的总和表示 CIA的严重程度。
三. 实验结果
[一] 淋巴细胞增殖和毒性实验 免疫应答过程的效应表现主要是由以 T细胞介导的细胞免疫反应和 B细胞介导的体 液免疫反应组成。 在体外用 T细胞丝裂原 ConA和 B细胞丝裂原 LPS直接刺激细胞和细 胞的活化分裂增殖来评价药物淋巴细胞增殖反应的抑制活性; 首先在 10 μ Μ, Ι μ Μ, 0. 1 μ Μ三个浓度上进行了反复的筛选。 其中具有明显免疫抑制活性的三个化合物是实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实施例 14, 它们在没有细胞毒性的浓度, 对 Τ细胞增殖 (Con A)的抑制 率分别可达 65%, 48%, 52%; 对 B细胞增殖(LPS) 的抑制率分别可达 73%, 99%, 81%; 实施例 2、 实施例 3、 实施例 12在没有细胞毒性的浓度, 对 T细胞增殖 (Con A)的抑制 率分别可达 48%、 47%、 47°/。、 对 B细胞增殖(LPS) 的抑制率分别可达 48%, 51%, 47% ; 实施例 8、实施例 16、实施例 17、实施例 18在没有细胞毒性的浓度,对 T细胞增殖(Con A)的抑制率分别是 13%、 0%、 6%、 9%,对 B细胞增殖(LPS) 的抑制率分别可达 42%, 51%, 24%、 26%, 结果显示这四个化合物对 B细胞增殖的抑制活性较强, 但在没有细胞毒性时 对 T细胞有很少或者没有抑制作用。 综合以上结果, 选出实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实施 例 14在体内和体外进一步检査其免疫抑制药理活性。
[二] 同种异体混合淋巴细胞增殖反应 (MLR) 异体抗原是输血、 器官移植后引起机体排异反应的主要原因。 应答淋巴细胞和异源 性淋巴细胞共培养时, 表达在异源性淋巴细胞上的异体抗原, 主要是组织相容性抗原 MHC- 1、 MHC- II分子, 刺激应答 T细胞引发免疫增殖反应。 通过药物对 MLR的作用来评 价药物对更接近生理的免疫系统应答的药理作用。 如图所示, 实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实 施例 14显著的抑制了 MLR中应答淋巴细胞的增殖, 它们的 EC50分别是: 3. 48 ±0. 72 μ Μ 、 0. 59 ±0. 066 μ Μ、 0. 67±0. 012 μ Μ。
[三] 迟发性超敏反应动物模型 (DTH)
- 为了进一歩检查实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实施例 14在体内的免疫药理活性,选用经典 的小鼠 DTH反应模型.结果显示实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实施例 14分别在口服 50mg/kg、 100mg/kg、 50mg/kg能显著地抑制小鼠耳肿胀程度 (P<0. 01 ) 与对照组相比抑制率分别 56. 5%, 为 50. 5%, 52. 2%, 与环孢素 A (CsA) 5mg/kg的抑制率 40. 6°/。药理活性相当。
[四] 小鼠关节炎动物模型
实施例 1和实施例 14在小鼠关节炎动物模型上进一步检査其免疫药理活性。 结果 显示实施例 1和实施例 14分别在口服 lmg/kg 、 0. 5mg/kg时能显著的抑制小鼠关节肿 胀程度 ( P<0. 05 ) 附图说明
图 1是耳肿胀厚度差 实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实施例 14显著降低了 DTH小鼠耳肿胀厚度 图 2是耳片重量差 实施例 1、 实施例 11、 实施例 14显著降低了 DTH小鼠肿胀耳片重量
图 3是实施例 1关节炎评分。
实施例 11防治牛二型胶原诱导的小鼠关节炎, 抑制发病关节肿胀
图 4是实施例 14的关节炎评分。
实施例 14防治牛二型胶原诱导的小鼠关节炎, 抑制发病关节肿胀 具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述, 但这些实施例绝不是对本发明的任何限 制。 (下列实施例中组合物以重量百分比计) 在下列实施例中 青蒿素母核用 Q代表
Figure imgf000010_0001
(Q) 波纹线 (一 ) 代表 β 取代或 /和 α取代 ' 直线 (一" 1 )代表 β取代
虚线 ( )代表 α取代 实施例 1 2,-氨基蒿乙醚(β型)
Figure imgf000010_0002
与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 139— 141°C。 元素分析 (C21H33N09):
计算值: C 56.87 H 7.50 N3.16 实测值: C 56.84 H 7.59 N3.10. 实施例 2 3'-氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型)
Η
Q-0-C-C-C-NH.
Η 丄 HQ 2 OH 2 与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 146— 147°C。 元素分析 (C22H35O10N):
计算值: C 55.80 H 7.45 N 2.96 实测值: C 55.92 H 7.43 N 2.94. 实施例 3 3'-甲氨基 -2'-轻基蒿丙醚( β型)
Q-0-C-C-C
H I I
2 OHNHMe 与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 145— 146°C。 元素分析 (C23H37O10N): 计算值: C 56.66 H 7.65 N 2.87 实测值: C 56.67 H 7.63 N 2.89. 实施例 4 3'-甲氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丁醚(β型)
Η Η
Q-0-C-C-C-Me H I I
2 OH NHMe 与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C 24H39 O10N):
计算值: C 57.47 H 7.84 N 2.79 实测值 C 57.72 H 7.66 N 2.67. 实施例 5 3'-氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丁醚( β型)
Figure imgf000011_0001
与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C 23 H3701()N):
计算值: C 56.66 H 7.65 N 2.87 实测值: C 56.64 H 7.74 N 2.71. 实施例 6 3'-羟乙氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型)
Figure imgf000011_0002
与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C 24 H39 OuN):
计算值: C 55.70 H 7.59 N 2.71 实测值: C 55.69 H 7.89 N 2.58. 实施例 7 3'-苯基 -3'-甲氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型)
Figure imgf000011_0003
与马來酸成盐。 白色无定型固体 元素分析 (C29l-l4iO10N):
计算值: C 61.80 H 7.33 N 2.49 实测值: C 61.64 H 7.41 N 2.48. 实施例 8 3'-苯基 -3'-氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚( β型)
Figure imgf000012_0001
与马來酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C28H3901()N):
计算值: C 61.19 H 7.15 N 实测值: C 61.29 H 7.23 N 实施例 9 3'-羟乙氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丙丁醚(β型)
Figure imgf000012_0002
与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C25H41OnN):
计算值: C 56.49 H 7.77 N 实测值: C 56.21 H 7.94 N 实施例 10 3'-二甲氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丁醚(β型)
Figure imgf000012_0003
与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C25H4101()N):
计算值: C 58.24 H 8.02 实测值: C 58.06 H 7.99 实施例 11 3'-四氢吡咯基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚 型)
Figure imgf000013_0001
与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 158- 160 °Co (J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43 (8):1635-1640报道该化合物熔点为 148-152 °C)
元素分析 (C26H4101()N):
计算值: C 59.19 H 7.83 N 2.65
实测值: C 59.14 H 7.86 N 2.66.
实施例 12 3'-哌啶基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚( β型)
Figure imgf000013_0002
与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 157— 159 °C。
元素分析 (C27H43(½N):
计算值: C 59.87 H 8.00 N 2.59
实测值: C 59.86 H 8.02 N 2.58.
实施例 13 3'-甲氨基 -2'-轻基蒿丁醚 (α型)
Figure imgf000013_0003
与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C 24H39 O10N):
计算值: C 57.47 H 7.84 N 2.79
实测值: C 57.62 H 7.51 N 2.61.
实施例 14 3'-叔丁胺基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚( β型)
Figure imgf000013_0004
.与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 171— 173 °C。
元素分析 (C 26H4301()N):
计算值: C 58.96 H 8.18 N 2.64
实测值: C 58.92 H 7.91 N 2.59. 实施例 15 3'-苯基 -3'-四氢吡咯基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型)
Figure imgf000014_0001
与马来酸成盐。 白色无定型固体。
元素分析 (C32H45O10N):
计算值: C 63.67 H 7.51 N 2.32 实测值: C 63.36 H 7.09 N 2.04. 实施例 16 3'-苯基 -3'-哌啶基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚( β型)
Figure imgf000014_0002
与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 163— 165 °C。 元素分析 (C33H47O10N):
计算值: C 64.16 H 7.67 N 2.27 实测值: C 64.43 H 7.68 N 2.18. 实施例 17 3'-苯基 -3'-二甲氨基 -2'-轻基蒿丙醚(6型)
Figure imgf000014_0003
与马來酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 166— 168 °C。 元素分析 (C^i^C QN):
计算值: C 62.38 H 7.50 N 2.42 实测值: C 62.05 H 7.68 N 2.41. 实施例 18 3'-苯基 -3'-二甲叔丁氨基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型)
Figure imgf000014_0004
与马来酸成盐。 白色结晶。 熔点: 167— 169 °C。 元素分析 (C32H47O10N):
计算值: C 63.45 H 7.82 N 2.31 实测值: C 63.70 H 7.83 N 实施例 19 2,-氨基蒿乙醚 ^型)马来酸盐 片剂 处方如下:
2'-氨基蒿乙醚(β型)马来酸盐 35 % 淀粉 25 % 羟甲基纤维素钠 30 % 淀粉浆 ( 10 % ) 9 % 硬脂酸 1 % 将活性成分粉碎, 100目过筛, 与羟甲基纤维素钠、 10%淀粉浆混合,制粒、干燥, 加入干淀粉、 润滑剂混匀, 压片。
实施例 20 3'-叔丁胺基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型) 马来酸盐 片剂
处方如下:
3'-叔丁胺基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型) 30 %
微晶纤维素 65 % 微粉化的聚乙二醇 4000 5 % 将活性成分粉碎, 过筛, 与微晶纤维素、 润滑剂混合均匀后直接压片。 实施例 21 2,-氨基蒿乙醚(β型)柠檬酸盐肠衣片
处方如下:
2,-氨基蒿乙醚 型)柠檬酸盐 35% 淀粉 20 % 干淀粉 35 % 淀粉浆 ( 10 % ) 8 % 滑石粉 2 % 将活性成分及淀粉混合均匀, 加 10 %淀粉浆制成软材, 制粒, 干燥, 整粒, 加入 干淀粉、 滑石粉混匀, 压片, 包肠溶衣。
实施例 22 3'-四氢吡咯基 -2'-轻基蒿丙醚(β型) 草酸盐 的硬胶嚢
处方如下:
3'-四氢吡咯基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型) 草酸盐 50% 微晶纤维素 30% 聚乙二醇 1500 20 % 把活性成分及辅料充分混合均匀, 装入空胶囊中。 实施例 23 3'-四氢吡咯基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚 型) 凝胶剂 ' 处方如下:
3'-四氢吡咯基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型) 35 % - 聚乙二醇 65 % 将聚乙二醇 300和聚乙二醇 1500 ( 1: 1 ) 搅拌加热, 熔合后, 加入研磨过筛的活 性成分, 充分搅拌成凝胶。 实施例 24 2'-氨基蒿乙醚(β型)马来酸盐 水针剂 将活性成分用注射用水溶解, 过滤, 灌封, 灭菌。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一类具有如下结构式的水溶性青蒿素衍生物、立体异构体和光学异构体及药学 上可接受的盐
Figure imgf000017_0001
(1)
其中:
当 n = 0时, X = Y = H, Z = NH2
'当 n =1 时, X = OH,Y = H, Z = NH2, NHMe, NHEt, NHPr(n), NHBu,
Figure imgf000017_0002
当 n=l 时, X = OH, Y=C¾, 苯基,
Z = N¾, NHR (R = Ci-C4垸基), NHCH2CH2OH, NR'2 (R, = C C4烷基),
Figure imgf000017_0003
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物, 其特征在于
当 n = 0时, X = Y=H, Z = N¾ 即 2,-氨基蒿乙醚(β型)及其可供药用的酸加成 盐。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生素物, 其特征在于
当 n =l 时, X = OH, Y = H, Z = NH2, NHMe, NHEt, NHPr(n), NHBu,
Figure imgf000018_0001
特别是 3'-叔丁胺基 -2'-羟基蒿丙醚(β型)及其可供药用的酸加成盐和 3'-四氢吡咯 基 -2'-径基蒿丙醚 型) 及其可供药用的酸加成盐。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物, 其特征在于
当 n=l 时, X = OH, Y = CH3) 苯基,
Z = NH2, NHR (R = C C烷基), NHCH2CH2OH, NR'2 (R, = d-C4烷基),
Figure imgf000018_0002
5、 如权利要求 1所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物的制备方法, 包括如下步骤: a. 二氢青蒿素为原料在酸性条件下与取代醇为卤代醇反应, 所得化合物与胺类化 合物反应生成目标化合物 (1, n = 0);
b.二氢青蒿素为原料在酸性条件下与取代醇为二元醇反应,则先生成羟基青蒿素醚, 然后再转化为对甲苯磺酸酯, 最后与胺类反应生成目标化合物 (1, n = 0);
c.二氢青蒿素为原料在酸性条件下与取代醇为环氧丙醇反应时, 得到的青蒿素与胺 类反应, 生成目标化合物 (1, n = l );
d.二氢青蒿素为原料在酸性条件下与取代醇为丙烯醇反应时, 先将其氧化成青蒿素 环氧丙醚, 然后与胺类反应生成目标化合物 (1, n = l )。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物的组合物, 其特征在于由如下成份组 成 (按重量百分比计):
取代的氨基青蒿素醚 1-55%
赋形剂 15-40%
辅助剂 20-65%。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物的组合物, 其特征在于药学上可接 受的赋形剂为糖(葡萄糖、 蔗糖、 乳糖), 淀粉(玉米淀粉、 马铃薯淀粉), 纤维素及其 衍生物 (羧甲基纤维素钠、 乙基纤维素钠、 纤维素乙酸酯、 微晶纤维), 聚 ^二醇、 明 胶, 滑石粉、 硬脂酸、 硬脂酸镁、 硫酸钙, 植物油 (豆油、 芝麻油、 花生油、 橄榄油); 还可以是乳化剂 (吐温 ®)、 润湿剂 (十二烷基硫酸钠), 着色剂, 调味剂, 稳定剂, 防 腐剂, 无热原水。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物的用途, 在制备预防、 治疗因人体免 疫功能亢进引起的疾病, 包括红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、 多发性硬化症等自身免疫性疾 病的药物中应用。
9、根据权利要求 11所述的水溶性青蒿素衍生物的用途, 其特征在于在制备细胞器 官移植后抗排斥反应的免疫抑制药物中应用。
PCT/CN2006/001782 2005-07-22 2006-07-20 Derives d'artemisinine hydrosolubles, leurs procedes de preparation, leurs compositions pharmaceutiques et leur utilisation WO2007009388A1 (fr)

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JP2008521778A JP5345390B2 (ja) 2005-07-22 2006-07-20 水溶性アルテミシニン誘導体、その調製方法、薬学組成物及び用途
US11/989,135 US8129426B2 (en) 2005-07-22 2006-07-20 Water-soluble artemisinin derivatives, their preparation methods, the pharmaceutical compositions and the use thereof
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WO2023236485A1 (zh) * 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 上海英诺富成生物科技有限公司 一种青蒿素的衍生物及其制备方法与应用

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CN103497200B (zh) * 2013-08-13 2016-06-08 北京联合大学生物化学工程学院 一种二氢青蒿素高级脂肪酸酯及其制备方法
CN103664982A (zh) * 2013-12-06 2014-03-26 湖南科源生物制品有限公司 青蒿素类似物及其制备方法
CN108653272B (zh) * 2017-03-31 2022-09-20 中国科学院上海药物研究所 青蒿素类衍生物在制备用于治疗炎症性肠病的药物中的用途
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CN112315956A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2021-02-05 同济大学 9,10-脱水二氢青蒿素的预防和治疗多发性硬化症药物应用
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