WO2006101033A1 - 燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006101033A1 WO2006101033A1 PCT/JP2006/305364 JP2006305364W WO2006101033A1 WO 2006101033 A1 WO2006101033 A1 WO 2006101033A1 JP 2006305364 W JP2006305364 W JP 2006305364W WO 2006101033 A1 WO2006101033 A1 WO 2006101033A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst layer
- liquid fuel
- fuel cell
- anode
- fuel tank
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/248—Means for compression of the fuel cell stacks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell in which vaporized fuel obtained by vaporizing liquid fuel is supplied to an anode catalyst layer, and more particularly to a fuel cell that can exhibit good cell characteristics with little deformation of a power generation unit.
- Fuel cells have the advantage of being able to generate electricity simply by supplying fuel and air as an oxidant, and that they can generate electricity continuously for a long period of time if only fuel is supplied. J. If the model is realized, it can be said to be an extremely advantageous system as an operating power source for portable electronic devices.
- direct methanol fuel cells use methanol with high energy density as fuel and can directly extract current from methanol on the electrocatalyst, so there is no need for a reformer. Therefore, it is promising as a power supply for small equipment because it is easier to handle fuel and is easier than a battery that uses hydrogen gas as fuel.
- the fuel supply method in the DMFC includes a gas supply type DMFC in which liquid fuel is vaporized and then fed into the fuel cell with a blower or the like, and a liquid supply type in which liquid fuel is directly fed into the fuel cell with a pump or the like DMFCs and internal vaporization type DMFCs as shown in Patent Document 1 are also known.
- An internal vaporization type DMFC shown in Patent Document 1 includes a fuel permeation layer for holding liquid fuel, and a fuel vaporization layer for diffusing a vaporized component of the liquid fuel held in the fuel permeation layer. Therefore, the vaporized liquid fuel is supplied to the fuel vaporization layer fuel electrode.
- an aqueous methanol solution in which methanol and water are mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 1 is used as the liquid fuel, and both methanol and water are supplied to the fuel electrode in the form of vaporized gas. is doing.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3413111
- the membrane electrode assembly constituting the power generation unit and the conductive layer bonded to the power generation unit are both formed of a thin material or metal foil having soft elasticity or flexibility, while the power generation unit includes Since a space for storing vaporized fuel is formed in the upper part of the opposed liquid fuel tank, even if the tightening pressure between the outer case and the fuel tank is increased, the upper space of the liquid fuel tank facing the power generation unit The power generation part is easily squeezed on the side, the adhesion between the members in the membrane electrode assembly constituting the power generation part decreases, and the current collection characteristics with the current collector that draws current from the power generation part change, There was a problem that the battery output was likely to decrease.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and can effectively prevent deformation of the power generation section of the fuel cell that employs a method of supplying a vaporized component of liquid fuel to the anode catalyst layer. It aims at providing the fuel cell which can demonstrate.
- a fuel cell according to the present invention includes a membrane electrode assembly in which a proton conductive membrane is disposed between a force sword catalyst layer and an anode catalyst layer, and the force sword catalyst layer.
- An outer case having an air inlet for supplying air, a force sword conductive layer arranged on the force sword catalyst layer side of the membrane electrode assembly, and an anode conductive layer arranged on the anode catalyst layer side of the membrane electrode assembly
- a liquid fuel tank for storing fuel for supplying a vaporized component of the liquid fuel to the anode catalyst layer, and supporting the anode conductive layer and the membrane electrode assembly on the outer case side.
- the supporting protrusion to be pressed protrudes from the bottom of the liquid fuel tank.
- the membrane electrode assembly constituting the power generation unit and the conductive layer bonded to the power generation unit are pressed against the exterior case side by the support protrusions, so that the liquid fuel tank of the power generation unit facing the power generation unit It is possible to effectively prevent the power generation unit from being trapped in the upper space side, and configure the power generation unit.
- the degree of adhesion between the members is increased. Therefore, the battery output characteristics can be improved with little change in current collection characteristics.
- the area ratio of the cross-sectional area of the support protrusion to the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel tank is in the range of 3 to 50%. If the area ratio of the support protrusions is too small (less than 3%), the action of pressing the anode conductive layer and membrane electrode assembly to the exterior case side by the support protrusions is insufficient, and the stagnation of the power generation section is eliminated. Therefore, the adhesion between the constituent members becomes insufficient, and the impedance between the anode and the electrode of the force sword increases, and the battery characteristics deteriorate.
- the area ratio of the support protrusions exceeds 50%, the volume of the support protrusions in the liquid fuel tank relatively increases, so the fuel gas circulation volume (fuel path) decreases. Battery output also decreases because the amount of fuel supply decreases. Therefore, the area ratio of the support protrusion is in the range of 3-50%, but the range of 4-40% is more preferable, and the range of 5-30% is more preferable.
- the number of the support protrusions is not limited to one, and a plurality of support protrusions may be dispersed and set up.
- the tip of the support protrusion comes into contact with each central portion in the width direction, and a plurality of such support protrusions are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the anode conductive layer. It is preferable to arrange them so that stress generated in the power generation unit can be dispersed.
- the cross-sectional area of the support protrusion means the total value of the cross-sectional areas of the support protrusions.
- the center axial force of the air introduction port formed in the outer case is shifted from the center axis of the support protrusion.
- the center axis of the air inlet port is configured to coincide with the central axis of the support protrusion, the support pressing force by the support protrusion does not act on the exterior case, and the thin power generator It becomes easy to escape from the air inlet, and the pressing force for bringing the components of the power generation unit into close contact with each other becomes insufficient, and the current collecting performance is deteriorated and the power generation characteristics are deteriorated.
- the support protrusion has a reduced diameter in a direction from the liquid fuel tank to the anode conductive layer.
- the inclination angle of the side surface of the support protrusion is about 1 to 3 degrees with respect to the central axis.
- the support protrusion is a columnar shape, a truncated cone shape, or a quadrangular prism shape, the flow resistance of the fuel in the fuel tank can be lowered.
- the support protrusion is configured so that its diameter decreases in the direction from the liquid fuel tank to the anode conductive layer, so that when the fuel tank and the support protrusion are integrally formed by injection molding or the like, the angle of the support protrusion is reduced. Therefore, the molded product can be easily taken out from the mold.
- the shape of the support protrusion is not particularly limited as long as it is a structure that can support the membrane electrode assembly such as a columnar shape, a truncated cone shape, or a quadrangular prism shape.
- a plurality of beam-like projection plates 17 and 17 erected from the bottom of the liquid fuel tank 9 may be combined in a cross-beam shape.
- the projection plate 17 has a plurality of liquid fuel flow holes 18 facing the bottom surface of the liquid fuel tank 9, and a fixed projection 19 formed on the bottom.
- a groove 20 is formed in the upper edge portion for fitting another projecting plate 17 (vertical projecting plate in FIG. 5) that intersects directly.
- the projection plate 17 is integrally fixed to the liquid fuel tank 9 by fitting the fixing projection 19 formed at the lower portion of the projection plate 17 into the fitting hole 21 formed at the bottom of the liquid fuel tank 9. .
- the liquid fuel in the liquid fuel tank 9 can move through the flow hole 18, so that a sufficient flow path for liquid fuel can be secured.
- FIGS. 7 to 9 may be employed as a structure for attaching the support protrusion 16 that supports the membrane electrode assembly to the liquid fuel tank 9. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the fixing protrusion 19 formed on the lower end surface of the supporting protrusion 16a is fitted into the fitting hole 21 formed on the bottom of the liquid fuel tank 9, so that the supporting protrusion 16a is It is fixed integrally with.
- a plurality of support protrusions 16b that are erected, a substrate 22 that defines an arrangement interval of the support protrusions 16b, and a fixing protrusion 19 that is formed on the back surface of the substrate 22 are combined.
- a molded body formed into a body is prepared, and the support protrusions 16b are integrally fixed to the liquid fuel tank 9 by fitting the fixing protrusions 19 into the fitting holes 21 formed at the bottom of the liquid fuel tank 9. Is done.
- a molded body is prepared by integrally molding a plurality of support protrusions 16c that are erected and a substrate 22a that defines the spacing between the support protrusions 16c.
- a structure in which the substrate 22a and the support protrusions 16c are integrally fixed to the liquid fuel tank 9 through the welded portion 23 by resin-welding the base plate 22a to the bottom of the liquid fuel tank 9 may be employed.
- the liquid fuel tank and the support protrusion As a material constituting the liquid fuel tank and the support protrusion, when the liquid fuel tank is formed of resin or metal, a force S that combines metal or resin support protrusions S is preferable. .
- the liquid fuel tank is made of metal, it is manufactured by die pressing, etching force, cutting, or the like.
- the liquid fuel tank is formed of resin, it is manufactured by cutting, injection molding, or the like.
- the support protrusions are made by cutting or mold processing in either case of resin or metal.
- the metal material is preferably a material having high chemical resistance such as stainless steel or ceramic material. Moreover, the material which applied the chemical-resistant coating layer to the usual metal material may be used. On the other hand, as the resin material, a thermoplastic material having chemical resistance such as PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) and PEEK (polyether ether ketone) can be suitably used.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- a moisturizing plate that suppresses transpiration of water generated in the power sword catalyst layer is disposed between the outer case and the power sword catalyst layer.
- the liquid fuel is preferably a methanol aqueous solution having a concentration exceeding 50 mol% or liquid methanol.
- the proton conductive membrane preferably contains a perfluorocarbon-based resin and has a thickness of 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the membrane electrode assembly constituting the power generation unit and the conductive layer bonded thereto are pressed against the exterior case by the support protrusion, so that the liquid fuel facing the power generation unit It is possible to effectively prevent the power generation unit from standing in the upper space side of the tank, and the degree of adhesion between the members constituting the power generation unit is increased. Therefore, the current collection characteristics rarely change. The battery output characteristics can be improved.
- the present inventors have supported the anode conductive layer and the membrane electrode assembly and pressed the support protrusion that presses the outer case side toward the liquid fuel.
- the degree of adhesion between the components constituting the power generation unit is improved.
- the current collection characteristics can be kept constant without changing, and the output characteristics of the battery can be improved.
- the power generation unit may be sandwiched between a fuel tank and an exterior case that do not require a highly rigid presser plate to be separately provided on the anode conductive layer side. It was also found that the battery configuration can be simplified.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a direct methanol fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an assembled state of the fuel cell according to the present embodiment.
- the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) 1 includes a force sword electrode composed of a force sword catalyst layer 2 and a force sword gas diffusion layer 4, an anode catalyst layer 3 and an anode gas diffusion layer. 5, an anode electrode, and a proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 disposed between the force sword catalyst layer 2 and the anode catalyst layer 3.
- Examples of the catalyst contained in the force sword catalyst layer 2 and the anode catalyst layer 3 include platinum group element simple metals (Pt, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, Pd, etc.) and platinum group elements.
- Pt_Ru platinum group element simple metals
- platinum group elements platinum group elements.
- the ability to cite alloys and the like It is desirable to use Pt_Ru, which is highly resistant to methanol and carbon monoxide, as the anode catalyst, and platinum as the power sword catalyst, but it is not limited to this.
- a supported catalyst using a conductive support such as a carbon material may be used, or an unsupported catalyst may be used.
- Examples of the proton conductive material constituting the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 include fluorinated resins having a sulfonic acid group (for example, perfluorosulfonic acid polymer), sulfonic acid, and the like. Forces such as hydride-containing carbon-based resin having a group, inorganic substances such as tungstic acid and phosphotungstic acid are not limited to these.
- the force sword catalyst layer 2 is laminated on the lower surface side of the force sword gas diffusion layer 4, while the anode catalyst layer 3 is laminated on the upper surface side of the anode gas diffusion layer 5.
- the cathode gas diffusion layer 4 also serves as a current collector for the power sword catalyst layer 2, which plays a role of uniformly supplying the oxidizing agent to the power sword catalyst layer 2.
- the anode gas diffusion layer 5 serves to uniformly supply fuel to the anode catalyst layer 3 and also serves as a current collector for the anode catalyst layer 3.
- the force sword conductive layer 7a and the anode conductive layer 7b are in contact with the force sword gas diffusion layer 4 and the anode gas diffusion layer 5, respectively.
- porous layers for example, meshes
- the rectangular frame-shaped force sword seal material 8a is located between the force sword conductive layer 7a and the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 and hermetically surrounds the force sword catalyst layer 2 and the force sword gas diffusion layer 4.
- the rectangular frame-shaped anode sealing material 8b is positioned between the anode conductive layer 7b and the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 and hermetically surrounds the anode catalyst layer 3 and the anode gas diffusion layer 5.
- the force sword seal material 8a and the anode seal material 8b are O-rings for preventing fuel leakage and oxidant leakage from the membrane electrode assembly 1.
- a liquid fuel tank 9 is disposed below the membrane electrode assembly 1.
- a plurality of support protrusions 16 are provided so as to support the anode conductive layer 7b and the membrane electrode assembly 1 and press them toward the outer case 15 side.
- Each support protrusion 16 is formed in a shape that decreases in diameter in the direction from the liquid fuel tank 9 to the anode conductive layer 7b.
- the total area value of the cross-sectional areas of the base portions of the plurality of support protrusions 16 occupies 7% of the cross-sectional area of the space portion of the liquid fuel tank 9.
- an outer case 15 is mounted on the upper surface side of the membrane electrode assembly 1 via a moisturizing plate 13 to be described later, and air is introduced into the outer case 15 for introducing air into the battery. Mouth 14 is drilled.
- the positions of both of the air introduction port 14 formed in the outer case 15 are defined so that the center axis C1 of the air introduction port 14 is shifted from the center axis C2 of the support protrusion 16.
- the center axis C2 of the support protrusion 16 is positioned at the middle position between the plurality of adjacent air inlets 14 and 14, so that the center axis C1 of the air inlet 14 and the center of the support protrusion 16 are centered.
- the position of both is defined so that the axis C2 does not match.
- the liquid fuel tank 9 contains liquid fuel L such as liquid methanol or aqueous methanol solution.
- liquid fuel L such as liquid methanol or aqueous methanol solution.
- a fuel vaporization layer 17 that allows only the vaporized component of the liquid fuel to permeate through the open end of the liquid fuel tank 9 and does not allow liquid fuel to permeate is disposed.
- the vaporization component of liquid fuel means vaporized methanol when liquid methanol is used as the liquid fuel, and vaporization component of methanol and water when methanol aqueous solution is used as the liquid fuel. It means a mixed gas composed of components.
- a moisturizing plate 13 that suppresses the transpiration of water generated in the force sword catalyst layer may be laminated on the force sword conductive layer 7 a laminated on the membrane electrode assembly 1.
- An outer case 15 in which a plurality of air inlets 14 for taking in air as an oxidant is formed is laminated on the moisture retaining plate 13.
- the outer case 15 also serves to pressurize the stack including the membrane electrode assembly 1 and increase its adhesion, so that a metal force such as SUS304 is formed.
- the moisturizing plate 13 serves to suppress the transpiration of the water generated in the force sword catalyst layer 2 and uniformly introduces an oxidant into the force sword gas diffusion layer 4 to uniformly distribute the oxidant to the force sword catalyst layer 2. It also serves as an auxiliary diffusion layer that promotes diffusion.
- the liquid fuel for example, aqueous methanol solution
- the vaporized methanol and water are gas-liquid.
- the separation membrane 10 is diffused and once stored in the vaporized fuel storage chamber 12, from which it is gradually diffused through the anode gas diffusion layer 5 and supplied to the anode catalyst layer 3.
- the protons (H + ) generated by these internal reforming reactions diffuse through the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 and reach the force sword catalyst layer 3.
- the air taken in from the air inlet 14 of the outer case 15 diffuses through the moisture retention plate 13 and the force sword gas diffusion layer 4 and is supplied to the force sword catalyst layer 2.
- water is generated by the reaction shown in the following formula (2), that is, a power generation reaction occurs.
- the water generated in the force sword catalyst layer 2 by the reaction of the above-described formula (2) etc. diffuses in the force sword gas diffusion layer 4 and reaches the moisture retention plate 13 to reach the moisture retention plate 13. 13 prevents transpiration and increases the amount of water stored in the power sword catalyst layer 2. Therefore, it is possible to create a state in which the water retention amount of the force sword catalyst layer 2 is larger than the moisture retention amount of the anode catalyst layer 3 as the power generation reaction proceeds.
- the reaction of water generated in the cathode catalyst layer 2 through the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 and moving to the anode catalyst layer 3 is promoted by the osmotic pressure phenomenon, so that water supply to the anode catalyst layer 3 is achieved.
- the speed can be increased, and the internal reforming reaction of methanol shown in the above formula (1) can be promoted. For this reason, the output density can be increased and the high output density can be maintained for a long period of time.
- the water diffused from the force sword catalyst layer 2 to the anode catalyst layer 3 is used in the internal reforming reaction. Since it is used exclusively and water supply to the anode catalyst layer 3 is performed stably, the reaction resistance of the internal reforming reaction of methanol can be further reduced, and the long-term output characteristics and load current can be reduced. The characteristics can be further improved. It is also possible to reduce the size of the liquid fuel tank.
- the purity of pure methanol is desirably 95% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less.
- the maximum output of the battery can be increased by setting the thickness of the denatured film 6 to a range of 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the reason why a high output can be obtained by reducing the thickness of the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 to 100 / m or less in this way can further promote the diffusion of water from the force sword catalyst layer 2 to the anode catalyst layer 3. Because it became.
- the thickness of the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 is less than 10 ⁇ m, the strength of the electrolyte membrane 4 may decrease.
- the thickness of the proton conductive electrolyte membrane 6 is 10 to 100 ⁇ m. It is more preferable to set the range. More preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 80 ⁇ .
- the membrane electrode assembly 1 constituting the power generation unit and the conductive layers 7a, 7b joined thereto are pressed against the outer case 15 side by the support protrusions 16. It is possible to effectively prevent the power generation unit from being caught in the upper space side of the liquid fuel tank 9 facing the power generation unit, and the degree of adhesion between the members constituting the power generation unit is increased. Therefore, the battery output characteristics can be improved with little change in current collection characteristics.
- the area ratio of the cross-sectional area of the support protrusion 16 to the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel tank 9 is appropriately set to 10%, the anode conductive layer 7b and the membrane electrode assembly 1 by the support protrusion 16 are The effect of pressing toward the outer case 15 is fully exerted, the deflection of the power generation section is eliminated, the adhesion between the components is sufficient, and the impedance between the anode and force sword electrodes is reduced, improving the battery characteristics To do.
- the plurality of support protrusions 16 are erected and spaced apart from each other, it is possible to disperse the stress generated in the power generation unit. Further, since the central axis C1 of the air inlet 14 formed in the outer case 15 is arranged so as to deviate from the central axis C2 of the support protrusion 16, the support pressing force by the support protrusion 16 is thin. Acts effectively on the outer case 15 where the air inlet 14 force cannot escape through the power generation section. Accordingly, the pressing force for bringing the constituent members of the power generation unit into close contact with each other becomes sufficient, and the current collecting property is hardly lowered.
- the support protrusion 16 is configured to reduce the diameter in the direction from the liquid fuel tank 9 to the anode conductive layer 7b, the liquid fuel tank 9 and the support protrusion 16 are combined into one by injection molding or the like. When molded, the support protrusion 16 has a draft angle so that the molded product can be easily removed from the mold.
- the liquid fuel stored in the liquid fuel tank 9 is not necessarily limited to methanol fuel.
- ethanol fuel such as ethanol aqueous solution and pure ethanol
- propanol fuel such as aqueous propanol solution and pure propanol
- aqueous glycol solution aqueous glycol solution.
- Nalcoic fuel such as pure glycol, dimethyl ether, formic acid, or other liquid fuels.
- liquid fuel corresponding to the fuel cell is stored in the liquid fuel tank 9.
- the obtained paste was applied to a porous carbon paper as an anode gas diffusion layer to obtain an anode catalyst layer having a thickness of 450 ⁇ m.
- a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid solution, water, and methoxypropanol were added to a force sword catalyst (Pt) -supported carbon black, and the catalyst-supported carbon black was dispersed to prepare a paste.
- the obtained paste was applied to a porous carbon paper as a force sword gas diffusion layer to obtain a force sword catalyst layer having a thickness of 400 ⁇ m.
- a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid membrane having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m and a water content of 10 to 20% by mass as a proton conductive electrolyte membrane.
- Membrane / electrode assembly ME A was obtained by placing a hot press on them. Further, a gold foil having a predetermined shape was attached to the force sword gas diffusion layer 4 and the anode gas diffusion layer 5 as the force sword conductive layer 7a and the anode conductive layer 7b.
- Silicone rubber with a thickness of 100 xm and a hardness of 50 ° (JIS ⁇ 6253) is used as the fuel vaporization layer. Thought /
- the thickness is 500 ⁇
- the air permeability is 2 sec / 100 cm 3 ilS P— 811 7
- the moisture permeability is 000 g / m 2 '24h iIS L— 1099 A— 1 method) polyethylene porous film was prepared.
- liquid fuel tanks each provided with a plurality of support protrusions each having a side surface formed at an inclination angle (drawing angle) of 3 degrees in the axial direction were prepared.
- Each liquid fuel tank was prepared so that the total value of the cross-sectional areas of the support protrusions in each liquid fuel tank varied within the range of 365% of the cross-sectional area of the liquid fuel tank.
- the obtained membrane electrode assembly 1, the force sword conductive layer 7a, the anode conductive layer 7b, the moisture retention plate 13, the liquid fuel tank 9, and the fuel vaporization layer 17 are laminated and fixed to have the structure shown in FIG.
- An internal vaporization type direct methanol fuel cell according to the example was assembled. At this time, the fuel tank contained 2 mL of pure methanol having a purity of 99.9% by weight.
- Comparative Example having the same structure as the Example except that the supporting protrusion 16 formed in the example is not formed and a highly rigid porous metal plate is interposed between the anode conductive layer 7b and the liquid fuel tank 9. Assemble the internal vaporization type direct methanol fuel cell according to No. 2
- the membrane electrode assembly 1 constituting the power generation unit and the conductive layer 7a 7b joined thereto are pressed against the outer case 15 side by the support protrusions 16.
- the battery output characteristics could be improved.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the area ratio of the support protrusions and the average value of the battery output when the fuel cell according to each example is rated
- FIG. 4 is the graph showing the area ratio of the support protrusions and the electrodes. It is a graph which shows the relationship with the average value of impedance between.
- the area ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the support protrusions to the cross-sectional area of the space portion of the liquid fuel tank is set to a range of 50% or less. Compared to the case where no battery is provided, the average battery output can be reduced within 10%.
- the area ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the support protrusions to the cross-sectional area of the space portion of the liquid fuel tank is set to 3% or more, so that It has been found that the impedance can be greatly reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, but can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the spirit of the invention in the implementation stage.
- Various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiments. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a direct methanol fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an assembled state of the fuel cell according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the area ratio of the support protrusion and the average value of the battery output when the fuel cell according to each example is rated-operated. 4] A graph showing the relationship between the area ratio of the support protrusions and the average value of the impedance between the electrodes in the fuel cell according to each example.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another configuration example of the support protrusion.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.
- FIG. 7 A sectional view showing a configuration example in which the support protrusion is attached to the liquid fuel tank.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007509240A JPWO2006101033A1 (ja) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-03-17 | 燃料電池 |
EP06729354A EP1873855A4 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-03-17 | FUEL CELL |
US11/909,397 US20090061281A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-03-17 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005083476 | 2005-03-23 | ||
JP2005-083476 | 2005-03-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006101033A1 true WO2006101033A1 (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
Family
ID=37023694
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/305364 WO2006101033A1 (ja) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-03-17 | 燃料電池 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090061281A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1873855A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006101033A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070104671A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101147292A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200640065A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006101033A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007095558A (ja) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2008243578A (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-09 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池 |
WO2009041530A1 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Sony Corporation | 燃料電池システムおよび電子機器 |
WO2009141985A1 (ja) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-26 | 株式会社 東芝 | 燃料電池 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109860674B (zh) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-08-25 | 西安交通大学 | 一种弹性势能驱动直接甲醇燃料电池及其工作方法 |
CN109860656B (zh) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-08-11 | 西安交通大学 | 一种燃料均匀供给直接甲醇燃料电池及其工作方法 |
Citations (6)
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JP2000106201A (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-11 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2001283888A (ja) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-12 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2001332287A (ja) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Sony Corp | 電気エネルギー発生装置の装着方法および電気エネルギー発生装置を内蔵したコンピュータ |
JP2003086207A (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-03-20 | Sony Corp | 燃料電池、燃料電池を用いた電力供給方法、機能カード、燃料電池の気体供給機構、発電体及び発電体の製造方法 |
JP2004079506A (ja) * | 2002-02-14 | 2004-03-11 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 液体燃料電池 |
JP2004127833A (ja) * | 2002-10-07 | 2004-04-22 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池 |
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US5547551A (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1996-08-20 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Ultra-thin integral composite membrane |
JP4296625B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-15 | 2009-07-15 | ソニー株式会社 | 発電デバイス |
KR100450820B1 (ko) * | 2002-04-23 | 2004-10-01 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 공기 호흡형 직접 메탄올 연료전지 셀팩 |
JP2006019144A (ja) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-19 | Hitachi Ltd | 膜電極接合体の押圧機構を有する燃料電池及びこれを搭載した電子機器 |
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2006
- 2006-03-17 US US11/909,397 patent/US20090061281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-17 CN CNA2006800094229A patent/CN101147292A/zh active Pending
- 2006-03-17 JP JP2007509240A patent/JPWO2006101033A1/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-17 KR KR1020077021495A patent/KR20070104671A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-17 EP EP06729354A patent/EP1873855A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-17 WO PCT/JP2006/305364 patent/WO2006101033A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-03-21 TW TW095109682A patent/TW200640065A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (6)
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JP2000106201A (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-11 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2001283888A (ja) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-12 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2001332287A (ja) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-30 | Sony Corp | 電気エネルギー発生装置の装着方法および電気エネルギー発生装置を内蔵したコンピュータ |
JP2003086207A (ja) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-03-20 | Sony Corp | 燃料電池、燃料電池を用いた電力供給方法、機能カード、燃料電池の気体供給機構、発電体及び発電体の製造方法 |
JP2004079506A (ja) * | 2002-02-14 | 2004-03-11 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 液体燃料電池 |
JP2004127833A (ja) * | 2002-10-07 | 2004-04-22 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1873855A4 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007095558A (ja) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-12 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池 |
JP2008243578A (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2008-10-09 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池 |
WO2009041530A1 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Sony Corporation | 燃料電池システムおよび電子機器 |
JP2009087713A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Sony Corp | 燃料電池システムおよび電子機器 |
WO2009141985A1 (ja) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-26 | 株式会社 東芝 | 燃料電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101147292A (zh) | 2008-03-19 |
US20090061281A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
EP1873855A4 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
TW200640065A (en) | 2006-11-16 |
JPWO2006101033A1 (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
EP1873855A1 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
KR20070104671A (ko) | 2007-10-26 |
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