WO2006081719A1 - Système de surveillance de pression d’air de pneu automobile et procédé d’identification de pneu automobile - Google Patents

Système de surveillance de pression d’air de pneu automobile et procédé d’identification de pneu automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006081719A1
WO2006081719A1 PCT/CN2005/000676 CN2005000676W WO2006081719A1 WO 2006081719 A1 WO2006081719 A1 WO 2006081719A1 CN 2005000676 W CN2005000676 W CN 2005000676W WO 2006081719 A1 WO2006081719 A1 WO 2006081719A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
code
receiving
module
data
memory
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/000676
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wei Li
Hongling Chen
Original Assignee
Shanghai Baolong Industries Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Baolong Industries Corporation filed Critical Shanghai Baolong Industries Corporation
Priority to JP2007553438A priority Critical patent/JP4817265B2/ja
Priority to AU2005326420A priority patent/AU2005326420B2/en
Priority to KR1020067020434A priority patent/KR101143493B1/ko
Priority to AT05743444T priority patent/ATE508890T1/de
Priority to EP05743444A priority patent/EP1850274B1/en
Priority to PL05743444T priority patent/PL1850274T3/pl
Priority to CA2560088A priority patent/CA2560088C/en
Publication of WO2006081719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006081719A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B60C23/0415—Automatically identifying wheel mounted units, e.g. after replacement or exchange of wheels
    • B60C23/0416—Automatically identifying wheel mounted units, e.g. after replacement or exchange of wheels allocating a corresponding wheel position on vehicle, e.g. front/left or rear/right
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0401—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre characterised by the type of alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
    • B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
    • B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
    • B60C23/0408—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver
    • B60C23/0422—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre transmitting the signals by non-mechanical means from the wheel or tyre to a vehicle body mounted receiver characterised by the type of signal transmission means
    • B60C23/0433—Radio signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automobile tire monitoring system, and more particularly to an automobile tire pressure monitoring system, and more particularly to a tire pressure monitoring system for identifying each tire using a plug-in external code memory. Background technique
  • the automobile tire pressure monitoring system referred to as TPMS, SP "Tire Pressure Monitoring System”
  • TPMS Transire Pressure Monitoring System
  • SP ire Pressure Monitoring System
  • a vehicle tire pressure monitoring system consists of a launch detection module (one for each tire) and a receiving display module (one):
  • the transmitting detection module circuit is composed of a temperature and pressure sensor, an MCU (Main Control Unit), also called a main control unit, a transmitter and a battery; the structure is composed of a casing for protecting the circuit, and the casing is fixed to the tire.
  • the composition of the device on the rim is composed of a temperature and pressure sensor, an MCU (Main Control Unit), also called a main control unit, a transmitter and a battery; the structure is composed of a casing for protecting the circuit, and the casing is fixed to the tire.
  • the receiver circuit is composed of a power module, a receiver, an MCU, and a display module; the structure includes a casing, a function switch disposed on the casing panel, and a display screen.
  • an automobile tire pressure monitoring system is composed of a radiation detecting module 92 and a receiving display module 91.
  • the receiving display module 91 further includes a display module 9101, an accepting module 9102, and a receiving antenna 9103.
  • the left part of Fig. 1 is a front view of the display module, that is, the plane displayed on the dashboard of the automobile.
  • the display module 9101 of the general automobile includes four data display areas 91011, which respectively display the parameters of the four tires.
  • the broken line in the figure indicates the correspondence relationship between the data display area 91011 and the tire.
  • the sensor in the emission detection module 92 converts the change of the tire pressure into a correspondingly changed electrical parameter through electronic component induction, and then is processed by the MCU in the emission detection module into a digitally encoded signal, plus the identification ID of the module.
  • the coding i.e., the identity coding of the modules used for the zones
  • the coding is modulated by the transmitter to transmit to the carrier frequency.
  • the radio signal is received by the receiver antenna 9103
  • the original data is obtained after demodulation, and after being processed by the MCU of the receiving display module, the display is installed in the cab and the data is displayed on the corresponding tire on the user interface according to the ID code.
  • the data Area The driver can clearly know the air pressure in each tire from the display.
  • the MCU When the pressure value in the tire in the received information is lower than or exceeds the set safety upper and lower limits, the MCU will control the display to display the alarm icon. The driver can timely process the tire according to the displayed tire pressure data of the corresponding orientation to ensure the safety of the vehicle.
  • the identification ID code of the module i.e., the identity code of the module for the zone
  • the signal sent contains the identification ID code of the module.
  • the MCU receiving the display module determines, according to the received ID code, based on the ID code pre-stored in the memory of the MCU and the tire corresponding identification relationship information, which information belongs to which tire of the vehicle, and the corresponding air pressure after processing And the temperature information is displayed in the corresponding position on the display. Since the ID code is discriminated, after the information sent by the emission detecting module outside the system is received, the receiving display module discriminates the signal that is not the tire of the vehicle, and then discards the signal.
  • Front drive front steering car In order to improve the stability in cornering, most of the rear wheel camber angle is much larger than the front wheel, like the outer "eight" shape (there are also a few cars made inside the "eight" shape, which is the suspension design decision Therefore, the rear wheel is easy to be eccentric inside and outside, that is, the tire cross section is trapezoidal; the rear wheel drive also has corresponding tire eccentric wear phenomenon. In order to extend the service life of the tires and achieve the simultaneous uniform wear of the four tires, it is necessary to periodically perform tire transposition.
  • the corresponding emission detection module will also be transposed. This results in the ID code and the tire corresponding identification relationship information originally stored in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module no longer applicable to the tire position after the tire change, that is, the tire pressure and temperature information and the tire displayed on the display screen. The correspondence is wrong.
  • the ID code of the new module is different from the damaged emission detection module.
  • the ID code and the tire corresponding identification relationship information originally stored in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module are no longer applicable to the ID code after replacing the module, and the receiving display module will discard the information of the replaced module, and the display will not be displayed. Pressure temperature information issued by the new module.
  • the fixed coding form the ID code in the memory of the receiving MCU and the corresponding identification information of the tire are solidified at the factory; the ID code of the corresponding tire is also solidified in the memory of the MCU of the emission detection module.
  • the installation detection module is mounted on the corresponding tire according to the mark, and cannot be changed during use.
  • This scheme is relatively simple.
  • the disadvantages are: misplacement cannot be installed during use, otherwise the identification is confusing. If a transmitter module is damaged, the user must go to the manufacturer to solve the problem. When the tire is changed, the emission detection module must follow the mark. The location is reinstalled once.
  • the interface input type The identification technology is to print the identification ID code of each transmitting module on the outer packaging or the product, but when the tire transposition or the transmitting module is damaged, the identification ID code is input to the receiving end by using the button. Re-identify correctly.
  • Inadequacies Since the ID code length is 16 bits or 32 bits, the input process is complicated, and the user is prone to code group input errors. Moreover, there are many buttons, which are very awkward in the cars with many instruments, which brings inconvenience in layout.
  • This identification technology uses the near-field effect of LF (low frequency) signals (eg: 125KHz).
  • LF low frequency
  • FIG. 2 in this scheme, there is an LF antenna 9104 in the vicinity of each tire; the monitoring system can issue an LF signal through the LF antenna in the vicinity of the corresponding tire, separately trigger the emission detecting module 92 of the corresponding tire, and then be triggered by The transmitting detection module transmits the identification code through the RF, and the receiving module 9102 obtains the identification code of the corresponding tire TPMS module through the RF signal, thereby automatically determining the tire position.
  • Inadequacies 1. Four LF antennas 9104 need to be installed near the corresponding tires, and the installation and wiring work is large; 2. The LF signal may falsely trigger the adjacent emission detection module; 3. Due to the complicated electromagnetic environment on the car, There are various kinds of interference, which will cause interference to low frequency signals, resulting in invalid identification.
  • the identification technology is that the receiving antenna 9103 of the receiving display module has four, respectively extending into the near field of each wheel 20-30cm, and the receiving antenna 9103 is controlled by the numerical control. Microwave switch 9108 controls. When it is necessary to receive the information of a certain tire emission detecting module, only the microwave switch of the receiving antenna of the tire is turned on, and the microwave switches of the other branch receiving antennas are turned off, and the RTPM module is displayed on the receiving display. The pressure and temperature of the tire.
  • the shortcomings of the identification technology are: 1.
  • the antenna wiring is complicated, the microwave switching cost is high, and the RF switch isolation is not enough under the current technical level, and there is a possibility of serial code (that is, receiving information of other tires). 2. Due to the complex electromagnetic environment on the car, there are various kinds of interference, which will cause interference to low frequency signals, resulting in invalid identification. In summary, the above identification technologies have one or several of the following defects:
  • the installation transmitter module cannot be misplaced.
  • the fault block must go to the manufacturer to burn the corresponding identification code.
  • the LF signal may falsely trigger the adjacent transmit detection module.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide an automobile tire pressure monitoring system in which tire identification is both safe and effective, as simple and convenient as possible, and overcomes the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • An automobile tire pressure monitoring system is composed of a transmitting detection module and a receiving display module; the emission detecting module is provided with one tire for each tire, including a sensor, a transmitter and a transmitting antenna; and the receiving display module comprises a receiving unit and an MCU unit (main control unit) And a display unit, wherein the receiving display module is plugged with a plug-in code memory, each of the transmitting detection modules has a fixed ID code, and the fixed ID code is consistent with the ID code of the coded memory. .
  • a corresponding socket for inserting the code memory may be disposed on a display unit receiving the display module; a fixed ID code may be set in a transmitter of the transmission detection module, the fixed ID code and the ID of the code memory The code is consistent.
  • Each of the transmitters corresponds to a plug-in code memory, and the fixed ID code in the transmitter is consistent with the ID code of the code memory.
  • a method for monitoring automobile tires using the above-described automobile tire pressure monitoring system the steps of which are:
  • the display module is powered on, initialized,
  • Waiting to receive data transmitted from the receiving module Determining whether the ID code in the received data is the same as the ID code read in, and if not, discarding the data and continuing to wait for receiving data.
  • the received data is displayed on the display and continues to wait for data to be received.
  • the data transmitted by the receiving module to the display module is formed by amplifying the data obtained by the sensor and performing A/D conversion, encoding with the ID code, and then modulating and amplifying and transmitting through the antenna.
  • the receiving display module Each time the power is turned on, the receiving display module reads the ID code inserted in the plug-in code memory of each socket of the display module, and then resets the ID code stored in the memory of the MCU (microcontroller) in the receiving display module to correspond to the tire. Identify the relationship information and save it. After the corresponding information transmitted by the transmitting module, the receiving module reads the ID code therein, and determines the emission detecting module in the tire according to the ID code in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module and the corresponding identification relationship information of the tire. The signal is sent and the pressure and temperature information is displayed in the corresponding area.
  • the acceptance display module resets the ID code stored in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module and the corresponding identification relationship information of the tire to ensure that the information is displayed in the correct position.
  • each transmitter has a corresponding plug-in code memory
  • the receiving display module resets the ID code stored in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module and the corresponding identification relationship information of the tire, so as to ensure that the signal sent by the new emission detecting module is displayed in the correct position.
  • the invention applies the coding plug-in technology to the TPMS, converts the re-identification problem of the tire replacement and transposition into the resetting problem of the ID code, and provides a simple and effective technical solution for the re-identification of the tire.
  • the plug is inserted and the operation is simple and reliable.
  • the invention adopts the coding technology, reads the code in the plug-in code memory circuit through the I/O (input and output port), avoids reading the ID code in the wireless manner, avoids the LF low-frequency wake-up, and the low-frequency signal is taken in the process of transmission.
  • the problem of electromagnetic noise interference has fundamentally solved the problem of interference.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art automobile tire detecting system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional low frequency wake-up automobile tire detecting system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional antenna receiving near-launch field type automobile tire detecting system
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the automobile tire monitoring system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transmission detecting module of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a receiving module of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a display module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a memory in the coded plug of the present invention as a shift memory
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a memory in the coded plug of the present invention as a switch matrix memory
  • FIG. 10 is a memory in the coded plug as a diode matrix memory.
  • Schematic diagram FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a memory in a coded plug as a MOS tube matrix memory
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of the monitoring system of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a flow diagram showing a method of monitoring automobile tires using the system of the present invention.
  • the reference numerals are as follows -
  • the automobile tire detecting system of the invention mainly has the following three parts:
  • the emission detection module 12 the module is provided with a fixed ID code, which is mainly composed of a sensor, a control circuit, a transmitter and a transmitting antenna; each of the tires 2 is provided with a transmission detecting module 12; the emission detecting module 12 sends an RF signal 120, which includes information such as pressure, temperature, etc. that needs to be detected and monitored, and includes an identification code of the module 12, that is, an ID code.
  • a fixed ID code which is mainly composed of a sensor, a control circuit, a transmitter and a transmitting antenna
  • each of the tires 2 is provided with a transmission detecting module 12
  • the emission detecting module 12 sends an RF signal 120, which includes information such as pressure, temperature, etc. that needs to be detected and monitored, and includes an identification code of the module 12, that is, an ID code.
  • Receiving display module 11 Divided into receiving module 102 and display module 101,
  • the receiving module 102 is composed of a power source, a receiver, an MCU, and a display driving circuit.
  • the display module 101 is composed of a display (LCD or VFD) and a coded socket 1014, wherein each of the data display areas 1011 on the display is provided with a corresponding code socket 1014.
  • Code plug 1015 Consists of code memory circuit and plug.
  • the ID code of each of the transmission detection modules 12 corresponds to the ID code of one of the coding plugs 1015, that is, the ID code stored in the coding circuit in the coding plug 1015 and the ID code in the corresponding transmission detection module that is solidified in the MCU of the transmission detection module. the same.
  • the emission detection module 12 is produced and sold in conjunction with the coded plug 1015.
  • Each of the tire data display areas 1011 on the display module 101 is provided with an ID identification code encoding socket 1014.
  • the MCU of the display module 11 is received.
  • the ID code in the coded memory circuit in the plug-in code memory is read by the ID code socket, and the ID code and the corresponding tire data display area are associated with the identity recognition relationship.
  • the receiving display module MCU Each time the power is turned on, the receiving display module MCU reads the ID code inserted in the plug-in code memory of each socket of the display module, and then resets the ID code stored in the memory of the receiving display module MCU and the corresponding identity of the tire. Information and save it. After the transmitting module transmits the corresponding information, after receiving the ID code, the receiving module determines, according to the ID code in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module and the corresponding identification relationship information of the tire, that the emission detecting module in the tire is issued. The signal, and the pressure and temperature information is displayed in the corresponding area.
  • the receiving display module When the user is in use, if the tire needs to be transposed, it is only necessary to change the corresponding coding plug 1015 accordingly.
  • the receiving display module After the next power-on, the receiving display module resets the ID code stored in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module and the corresponding identification relationship information of the tire to ensure that the information is displayed correctly. W position.
  • the receiving display module After the next power-on, the receiving display module resets the ID code stored in the memory of the MCU in the receiving display module and the corresponding identification relationship information of the tire, so as to ensure that the signal sent by the new emission detecting module is displayed in the correct position.
  • the method for monitoring automobile tires by using the automobile tire pressure monitoring system of the present invention comprises the following steps: the display module 101 is powered on, initialized; reads the ID code in the memory circuit of the four coded plugs 1015; and waits for the receiving and receiving module 102 to transmit The data obtained; determining whether the ID code in the received data is the same as the ID code read in; if different, discarding the data and continuing to wait for receiving data; if the same, determining the display position corresponding to the ID code; The incoming data is displayed on the display and continues to wait for data to be received.
  • the invention adopts the coding plug-in technology, the problem of re-identification of the tire replacement and transposition is converted into the re-displacement setting problem of the ID code, and a simple and effective technical solution for the re-identification of the tire is provided.
  • the way the plug is inserted is simple and reliable.
  • the invention adopts the coding technology, reads the code in the plug-in code memory circuit through the I/O (input and output port), avoids reading the ID code in the wireless manner, avoids the LF low-frequency wake-up, and the low-frequency signal is taken in the process of transmission.
  • the problem of electromagnetic noise interference has fundamentally solved the problem of interference.
  • Figure 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of one embodiment of a transmit detection module of the present invention.
  • the emission detecting module 12 circuit is composed of a sensor circuit 121, a control and transmitting circuit 122, and a transmitting antenna 123.
  • the control and transmitting circuit 122 sends a signal to the sensor circuit 121 through the data line, the sensor starts measuring the pressure and the temperature, and after the measurement is completed, the sensor circuit 121 sends a feedback signal to the control and transmitting circuit 122, and the control and transmitting circuit 122 receives After the feedback signal, the signal is A/D converted. Then, the value of the A/D conversion is encoded, and the encoded value of the measurement data, the ID code, the error correction code, and the like are grouped according to a certain communication protocol. The final control and transmit circuit 122 transmits the data frame to the space through the antenna 123 after the transmit circuit is modulated and frequency converted.
  • Example 2
  • Figure 6 is a circuit schematic diagram of one embodiment of a receiving module 102 of the receiving display module 11 of the present invention.
  • the receiving display module 11 includes a display module 101, a receiving module 102, and a receiving antenna 103 and three parts.
  • the receiving module 102, the receiving antenna 103 and the display module 101 are connected by a signal interface.
  • the circuit of the receiving module 102 is mainly divided into three parts: a power circuit l lc, a receiving circuit 102a, and a receiving data interface circuit 102b.
  • the function of the power circuit 11c is to supply power to the entire receiving display module 11, automatically turn on when the car starts, or turn on when the tire monitoring system is turned on; the function of the receiving circuit 102a is to receive the RF signal 120 transmitted by the transmitting antenna 123 and perform solution. Tuning, decoding and converting, and then transferring the converted display data to the receiving data interface circuit 102b, the function of which is to further transmit the received information to the display module 101.
  • the receiving circuit L02a also judges whether the received signal needs a signal. If not, it will not process it. If yes, then the conversion, because there is a lot of radio noise in the space, sometimes a random error signal is generated, so it is judged that the received data is The encoded data in our communication protocol, or other error signal data, is judged by the receiving circuit.
  • Example 3
  • Figure 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of one embodiment of a display module 101 of the receiving display module 11 of the present invention.
  • the circuit of the display module 101 mainly includes the following units: a main control unit 101C; a code plug interface circuit 10145, a display data interface circuit 1011a, and an alarm circuit 1011b.
  • the receiving data interface circuit 102b in the figure receives the signal 120 from the receiving module 102 to the display module 101 for processing.
  • the received signal 120 is processed by the main control unit 101C, and mainly includes: the main control unit 101C reads the information, in particular, the ID code thereof, and compares it with the ID code obtained in the coding plug circuit 10145.
  • the incoming data continues to wait for the next transmission of the signal from the data interface circuit 102b; if it is consistent, processing continues and is transmitted to the display data interface circuit 1011a for display in the appropriate display area.
  • the main control unit 101C also according to the ID code and the position of the code socket and The correspondence between the ID code and the display area saved at the time of power-on initialization determines which display area corresponds to the current data.
  • an alarm circuit 1011b is further provided. After the received information is processed and converted, and compared with the set value range, if not within the normal range, the alarm circuit 1011b issues a warning to attract the driver's attention. In the alarm mode, the buzzer sounds.
  • the coded plug 1015 i.e., the ID code in the memory of the external plug-in coded plug
  • the ID code and the corresponding tire data display area 1011 are respectively stored in the corresponding identification relationship in the memory of the main control unit 101C.
  • the receiving module 102 When the receiving module 102 receives the radio signal, i.e., the RF signal 120, through the receiving antenna 103, the radio signal is demodulated. After the demodulation is completed, the demodulated digital signal is transmitted to the main control unit 101C through the reception data interface circuit 102b.
  • the main control unit 101C i.e., the MCU, processes the received digital signal to extract the temperature, pressure value, and ID code therein. Then, the MCU reads out the ID code already established in the memory and establishes a corresponding identity relationship between the ID code and the corresponding tire data display area, and compares it with the received ID code. If it is the data of the system, the temperature that the MCU will receive, The pressure value is processed as display data, which is sent to the display area 1011 through the display data interface 1011a, and the data is displayed in the corresponding area.
  • the main control unit 101C can also preset the normal value range.
  • the alarm circuit 1011b is sent to the same while the display is being sent.
  • the coded plug 1015 is an external, plug-in, plug-in memory port with an ID code, including a connection port and a coded memory circuit.
  • connection port further includes an interface circuit and a connection circuit.
  • the interface circuit can be divided into a parallel port circuit and a serial port circuit.
  • connection circuit is a circuit that connects the code memory circuit and the main control unit circuit together.
  • Interface circuits and connection circuits can be implemented using some common techniques, for example,
  • the plug and the socket are connected by a connection interface circuit of the plug and the socket, wherein the card holder is made of a gold plated joint on the PCB, that is, a gold finger. Plug the PCB directly into the socket with a gold finger. Connected through the interface circuit of the gold finger and the socket.
  • the code memory circuit can be in the form of a SIM card or an IC card.
  • the memory circuit is implemented in a SIM card or an IC, and the code in the memory is read out through a SIM card or an IC card interface.
  • the code memory circuit is an important content for realizing identification. There are many common technical means that can be implemented. The following examples are all suitable for application in automobiles. In addition to considering the technical effects, the cost is also considered. Factors such as reliability, maintenance and ease of use. Here are some examples:
  • Example 4-1 the memory is a shift memory, the principle of which is shown in Figure 8.
  • the memory can also be a matrix memory, which can be implemented with switches, diodes, MOS transistors, triodes or PLA, respectively.
  • Example 4-2 the memory is a switch matrix memory, as shown in Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of a switch matrix memory.
  • the figure shows the line-connected switch matrix.
  • the code is determined by the state of the parallel port signal line.
  • the ground is connected to the binary '0' and connected to VDD.
  • An 8-bit code is obtained by the state of the eight signal lines.
  • the 8-bit code can be used as an ID code and then read through the interface.
  • this memory is a diode matrix memory.
  • FIG. 10 it is a schematic diagram of a diode matrix memory.
  • the diode memory matrix is actually a diode encoder.
  • FTB0-PTB3 such as PTB2
  • PTB2 When a certain line on FTB0-PTB3 (such as PTB2) is low level, the remaining lines on PTB0-PTB3 are high level; can read out PTC0-PTC3
  • the value of PTC0-PTC3 has a pull up resistance.
  • the point where the diode is connected is logic; if it is not connected, it is logic.
  • PTC0-PTC3 can read four 4-bit values together to form a 16-bit code. This 16-bit code can be used as an ID code.
  • the memory In Example 4-4, the memory is a MOS tube matrix memory.
  • FIG. 11 it is a schematic diagram of the MOS tube matrix memory.
  • the MOS tube memory matrix is in principle identical to the diode memory matrix except that the diode is replaced by a MOS transistor.
  • the memory can also be a triode matrix memory.
  • the triode tube memory matrix is, in principle, identical to the diode memory matrix, except that the diode is replaced by a triode.
  • the various embodiments described above can be used in combination or in combination, so the number of final technical solutions is the product of the number of embodiments.
  • Figure 12 is an example of monitoring the air pressure of a car tire.
  • the emission detection module 12 obtains an electrical signal through the air pressure sensor, processes the electrical signal in an amplification and A/D converter, and sends it to the control and transmission circuit for encoding, respectively generating a data code and an ID code in a predetermined format. Then, it is modulated into the FSK modulator, and then transmitted to the power amplifier circuit for signal amplification, which is sent by the antenna;
  • the receiving circuit 102a of the receiving display module 11 After receiving the RF signal 120 sent by the antenna, the receiving circuit 102a of the receiving display module 11 sequentially passes through the low noise amplifier, the digital filter and the high frequency demodulator, and is transmitted to the main control unit 101C (MCU) via the receiving data interface circuit 102b;
  • the main control unit 101C reads the ID code stored in the coded plug 1015 through the coded plug interface circuit 10145, and the correspondence between the ID code and the socket 1014;
  • the main control unit 101C determines whether to discard the received information or display the information based on the ID code stored in the read coded plug 1015 and the ID code in the signal transmitted through the received data circuit;
  • the letter is The tire identification corresponding relationship between the information and the ID code is displayed in the display area through the display drive controller circuit, and an LCD display is usually used. 13 is an embodiment of a method of monitoring an automobile tire using the automobile tire monitoring system of the present invention, the automobile having four tires,
  • Step 600 booting
  • Step 602 reading ID codes in four code plug memory circuits
  • Step 603 Establish and save a correspondence between the ID code and the tire identification, that is, the corresponding relationship between the tires at different positions displayed in the appropriate display area;
  • Step 604 waiting to receive data, that is, waiting to receive data transmitted by the transmitting detection module; Step 605, 'whether the data is received; (ie, determining whether the received data is encoded data in our communication protocol, or other error signal data)
  • Step 606 Determine whether the ID code in the received data is the same as the ID code saved in step 603 above.
  • step 620 If not, proceed to step 620 to discard the data; then return to step 604 to continue waiting for the received data;
  • Step 610 determines the location of the display area corresponding to the ID code;
  • Step 611 display data, and display the received data in the corresponding display area in an appropriate manner;
  • step 604 it continues to wait for data to be received.
  • the software corresponding to the above steps may be stored in the main control unit of the receiving display module when the automobile tire monitoring system of the present invention is manufactured, and may be solidified or in a programmable form.
  • the method of applying the invention further comprises determining whether the valid information is within a reasonable range, If not, trigger an alarm circuit, reminder and alert, or perform other trigger controls.

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Description

一种汽车轮胎监测系统以及轮胎身份识别方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车轮胎监测系统，特别是一种汽车轮胎压力监视系统， 尤其是一种采用插入式外置编码存储器对每个轮胎进行身份识别的轮胎压力 监视系统。 背景技术
汽车轮胎压力监视系统， 简称 TPMS， SP " Tire Pressure Monitoring System", 主要用于在汽车行驶时， 适时地对轮胎气压进行自动监测， 对轮胎 漏气造成低胎压和高温高胎压防爆胎进行预警， 确保行车安全。
一般地， 汽车轮胎压力监视系统由发射检测模块 （每个轮胎一个） 和接 收显示模块 （一个） 组成：
发射检测模块电路上由温度压力传感器、 MCU(Main Control Unit) (系单 片机） ， 也称主控单元、 发射机和电池组成； 结构由一个用于保护电路的外 壳， 和将外壳固定在轮胎的轮辋上的装置组成。
接收器电路上由电源模块， 接收机， MCU， 显示模块组成； 结构上包括机 壳、 设在机壳面板的功能开关和显示屏。
如图 1所示，一般地， 汽车轮胎压力监视系统由发射检测模块 92和接收 显示模块 91 组成。 其中接收显示模块 91 又包括显示模块 9101、 接受模块 9102、 和接收天线 9103。
图 1的左边部分为显示模块的正面示意图，即汽车仪表板上显示的平面， 一般的汽车的显示模块 9101包括四个数据显示区域 91011， 分别显示四个轮 胎的参数。图中的虚线表示了数据显示区域 91011与轮胎的逐个对应的关系。
其工作流程是：发射检测模块 92中的传感器把胎压的变化通过电子元件 感应转换成相应变化的电气参数， 然后由发射检测模块中的 MCU处理为数 字编码信号，加上该模块的识别 ID编码（即用于区分别的模块的身份编码）， 由发射机调制到载频上发射出去。 无线电信号由接收机天线 9103接收到后， 解调后得到原始数据， 经过接收显示模块的 MCU处理后， 再由安装在驾驶 室内的显示器根据 ID 编码将数据显示在用户界面上的对应地的轮胎的数据 区。 驾驶人员从显示器上就可以清楚地知道每个轮胎内的气压大小， 当接收 到的信息中的轮胎内气压值低于或超过已设置的安全上、下限时， MCU将控 制显示器显示报警图标， 驾驶员可以根据显示的对应方位的胎压数据， 便可 及时地对那个轮胎进行相应处理， 确保汽车行驶安全。
汽车的四个轮胎， 每个轮胎中都有一个发射检测模块。 在该发射检测模 块的 MCU存储器中， 固化有该模块的识别 ID码（即用于区分别的模块的身 份编码）。发出的信号中，包含该模块的识别 ID编码。接收显示模块的 MCU 根据接收到的 ID编码， 根据预先存储在 MCU的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对 应身份识别关系信息， 来判定该信息是属于车的哪个轮胎的信息， 处理后将 对应的气压和温度信息显示在显示屏的对应位置。 由于有了 ID码的判别，本 系统外的发射检测模块发出的信息被接收到后， 接收显示模块会判别不是本 车的轮胎的信号， 然后将该信号丢弃。
轮胎需要换位是常见的：
汽车因为前后左右车轮负荷不均、 前轮负责转向、 前后轴悬挂角度不同 等原因， 通常各轮胎磨损程度和位置也不同。 前驱动前转向车为了提高过弯 中的稳定性， 多数后轮外倾角比前轮大很多， 像外"八"字型 (也有少数车做成 内"八"字型， 这是悬挂设计决定的)， 因此后轮容易内外偏磨， 就是轮胎截面 成梯形;后轮驱动也会出现相应的轮胎偏磨现象。 为了延长轮胎的使用寿命， 达到四个轮胎同步均匀磨损的效果， 这就需要定期进行轮胎换位。
在轮胎换位的过程中， 相应的发射检测模块也会换位。 这就导致了原先 存储在接收显示模块中 MCU的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应识别关系信息不 再适用于换胎后的轮胎位置， 也就是显示在显示屏上的轮胎压力和温度信息 和轮胎的对应关系错误。
如果调换新的轮胎， 或者某一轮胎的发射检测模块损坏， 用户需要更换 该模块时。新模块的 ID码与损坏的发射检测模块不同。原先存储在接收显示 模块中 MCU的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息不再适用于更 换模块后的 ID码，接收显示模块会将更换的模块的信息丢弃，显示屏上将无 法显示新模块的发出的压力温度信息。
目前， 为了解决轮胎换位和轮胎更换时的轮胎识别问题， 国内外主要采 用了四种方式， 以下是四种身份识别技术和各自的特点： 一、定编码形式： 接收显示模块中 MCU的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应 身份识别关系信息在出厂时是固化的； 同样在发射检测模块的 MCU的存储 器中也固化了对应轮胎的 ID码，在发射检测模块的外壳上有标记，在安装是 按照标记将发射检测模块安装在对应的轮胎上， 在使用中不可更改。 这个方 案比较简单， 不足之处是： 使用中不能安装错位， 否则身份识别混乱， 同时 若一发射模块损坏后， 用户必须到厂商处去解决问题； 轮胎换位时， 发射检 测模块必须按照其标记位置重新安装一次。
二、界面输入式： 该身份识别技术是将每个发射模块的识别 ID码打印在 外包装或产品上，但当轮胎换位或发射模块损坏后，就将识别 ID码用按键输 入到接收端进行重新正确身份识别。 不足之处： 由于识别 ID码长为 16位或 是 32位， 输入流程复杂， 用户很易出现码组输入错误问题。 而且按键多， 在 本来就仪表众多的车上， 显得十分突兀， 带来布局上的不便。
三、低频唤醒式：该身份识别技术是利用 LF (低频）信号（如： 125KHz) 的近场效应。 如图 2所示， 在该方案中， 在每个轮胎附近有个 LF天线 9104; 监视系统可以通过对应轮胎附近的 LF天线发出 LF信号，单独触发对应轮胎 的发射检测模块 92， 然后由被触发的发射检测模块将身份识别码通过 RF发 射出来，接收模块 9102通过 RF信号得到相应轮胎 TPMS模块的身份识别码， 从而自动确定轮胎位置。 不足之处： 1.需要四个 LF天线 9104安装在对应的 轮胎附近， 安装及布线工作量大； 2.LF信号可能会误触发相邻的发射检测模 块； 3.由于汽车上电磁环境复杂， 存在各种干扰， 会对低频信号造成干扰， 导致身份识别失效。
四、 天线接收近发射场式： 如图 3所示， 该身份识别技术是接收显示模 块的接收天线 9103有四个，分别延伸到每个轮 20-30cm的近场内，接收天线 9103由数控微波开关 9108控制。 当需接收某个轮胎发射检测模块的信息时， 此时只有靠该轮胎的接收天线的微波开关是导通的， 其它分支接收天线的微 波开关都处于关闭状态， 接收显示器上显示该 RTPM模块所在轮胎的气压和 温度。 而该身份识别技术的不足之处是 1.天线布线复杂， 微波开关成本高， 目前技术水平下 RF开关隔离度不够， 有串码 （即接收到了别的轮胎的信息） 的可能。 2.由于汽车上电磁环境复杂， 存在各种干扰， 会对低频信号造成干 扰， 导致身份识别失效。 综上所述， 以上身份识别技术分别有下列缺陷之一或者其中的若干项：
1. 安装发射模块不能错位， 故障块必须到厂商去烧对应身份识别码。
2. 输入身份识别码很繁琐， 用户易输错身份识别码。
3. 设计或布局受影响
4. 车上安装 4个 LF天线， 安装困难。
5. LF信号可能会误触发相邻的发射检测模块。
6. 天线设计复杂， RF开关成本高， RF隔离度不够。 发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种汽车轮胎压力监视系统， 其中的轮胎身份 识别既安全有效， 又尽可能简单方便， 克服上述的现有技术的不足。
本发明是这样实现的：
一种汽车轮胎气压监测系统， 由发射检测模块和接收显示模块组成； 发 射检测模块每个轮胎设置一个， 包括传感器、 发射机和发射天线； 接收显示 模块包括接收单元、 MCU单元 （主控单元） 和显示单元， 其特征在于， 在 接收显示模块接插有插入式编码存储器， 每个发射检测模块均有一个固定的 ID码， 该固定的 ID码与所述的编码存储器的 ID码是一致的。
可以在接收显示模块的显示单元设置相应的用以插入所述的编码存储器 的插座； 可以在发射检测模块的发射机中设置固定的 ID码， 该固定的 ID码 与所述的编码存储器的 ID码是一致的。
所述的每个发射机均对应一个插入式编码存储器， 并且发射机中固定的 ID码与该编码存储器的 ID码是一致的。 在用户需要调换轮胎时， 只要在某 个轮胎对应的显示位置处插入所述的编码存储器即可； 在用户需要更换轮胎 时， 只要重新购买一套发射机与配套的插入式编码存储器， 分别安装设置在 轮胎和对应的显示位置即可。
一种使用上述的汽车轮胎气压监测系统对汽车轮胎进行监测的方法， 其 步骤为：
显示器模块开机， 初始化，
读入 4个插入式外置编码存储器电路中的 ID码，
等待接收从接收模块传送来的数据， 判断接收到的数据中的 ID码是否和上述读入的 ID码相同， 若不同， 则丢弃该数据， 继续等待接收数据，
若相同， 判断该 ID码对应的显示位置，
将接收到的数据显示在显示器上， 继续等待接收数据。
所述的接收模块传送给显示器模块的数据是这样形成的， 将传感器所获 得的数据进行放大并进行 A/D转换后， 与 ID码一起编码， 然后经过调制与 放大， 经天线传输。
在每次开机时， 接收显示模块读取插在显示模块各插座上的插入式编码 存储器中的 ID码， 然后重新设置存储在接收显示模块中 MCU (单片机） 的 存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息， 并保存起来。发射模块发射 来的对应信息后，接收模块读取其中的 ID码后，根据在接收显示模块中 MCU 的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息来判断是那一个轮胎中的 发射检测模块发出的信号， 并将压力和温度信息显示在对应区域。
用户在使用时， 如需轮胎换位， 只需相应的将对应的插入式编码存储器 换位便可。 当下一次开机后， 接受显示模块重新设置存储在接收显示模块中 MCU的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息， 保证将信息显示在 正确的位置。
因为每个发射机均有对应的插入式编码存储器， 若用户发现某一发射机 损坏， 不必到原轮胎生产厂家， 只需购买一只发射机和随附的插入式编码存 储器， 安装上新的发射机， 将损坏的插入式编码存储器拔下， 插上新的插入 式编码存储器即可。 当下一次开机后， 接收显示模块重新设置存储在接收显 示模块中 MCU的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息，保证将新 发射检测模块发出的信号显示在正确的位置。
本发明将编码插件技术应用到 TPMS中， 将轮胎的更换与换位时的重新 身份识别问题，转换成 ID码的重新设置问题， 为轮胎的重新身份识别提供一 套简单、 有效的技术方案， 采用插头插入的方式， 操作简单可靠。
本发明采用编码技术， 通过 I/O (输入输出口）读入插入式编码存储器电 路中的编码， 避免了用无线方式读入 ID编码， 回避了 LF低频唤醒中低频信 号在传输过程中被车上的电磁噪声干扰的问题，从根本上解决了干扰的问题。
下面结合附图详细描述本发明。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术的汽车轮胎检测系统示意图，
图 2是现有的低频唤醒式的汽车轮胎检测系统的示意图，
图 3是现有的天线接收近发射场式的汽车轮胎检测系统的示意图， 图 4是本发明的汽车轮胎监测系统结构示意图，
图 5是本发明的发射检测模块的一个实施例的电路原理图， 图 6是本发明的接收模块的一个实施例的电路原理图，
图 7是本发明的显示模块的一个实施例的电路原理图，
图 8是本发明的编码插头中的存储器为移位存储器的原理图， 图 9是本发明的编码插头中的存储器为开关矩阵存储器的原理图， 图 10是编码插头中的存储器为二极管矩阵存储器的原理图， 图 11是编码插头中的存储器为 MOS管矩阵存储器的原理图， 图 12是本发明的监测系统工作流程都示意图，
图 13是应用本发明的系统进行汽车轮胎监测的方法的流程示意图。 其中， 附图标记说明如下-
1一 汽车 2— 轮胎
11— 接收显示模块 12— 发射检测模块
101— 显示模块 120— R 信号
102— 接收模块 121— 传感器电路
103— 接收天线 122— 控制和发射电路
1011— 显示区域 123— 发射天线
1014— 编码插头 1015— 编码插座
102a— 接收电路 102b— 接收数据接口电路
11C— 电源电路
1011a— 显示数据接口电路 1011b— 报警电路
10145—— 编码插头接口电路 101C— 主控单元 具体实施方式 如图 4所示， 汽车 1有四个轮胎 2，
本发明的汽车轮胎检测系统主要有如下三部分组成：
1. 发射检测模块 12， 该模块中设有一个固定的 ID码， 主要由传感器， 控制电路， 发射机和发射天线组成； 每个轮胎 2上均设有一个发射检测模块 12； 该发射检测模块 12发出 RF信号 120， 该 RF信号 120包括除压力、 温 度等需要检测与监控的信息外， 还包括该模块 12的身份识别码， 即 ID码。
2. 接收显示模块 11 : 又分为接收模块 102和显示模块 101，
接收模块 102: 由电源， 接收机， MCU, 显示驱动电路组成，
显示模块 101 : 由显示器 （LCD或 VFD) ， 编码插座 1014组成， 其中 每一个显示器上数据显示区域 1011均设有一个对应的编码插座 1014。
3. 编码插头 1015: 由编码存储器电路和插头组成。 每一个发射检测模块 12的 ID码均与一个编码插头 1015的 ID码对应， 即编码插头 1015中的编码电路存储的 ID码和对应的发射检测模块中固化在 发射检测模块 MCU存储器中的 ID码相同。
生产或销售时， 发射检测模块 12与编码插头 1015配套生产和出售。 显示模块 101上每个轮胎数据显示区域 1011旁边均设有一个 ID识别码 编码插座 1014， 当有插入式编码存储器， 即编码插头 1015， 插入 ID识别码 编码插座 1014时，接收显示模块 11的 MCU通过身份识别 ID码插座读出插 入式编码存储器中编码存储器电路中的的 ID码， 并将该 ID码和对应轮胎数 据显示区域建立对应身份识别关系。
在每次开机时， 接收显示模块 MCU读取插在显示模块各插座上的插入 式编码存储器中的 ID码， 然后重新设置存储在接收显示模块 MCU的存储器 中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息，并保存起来。发射模块发射来对应 信息后， 接收模块读取其中的 ID码后， 根据在接收显示模块中 MCU的存储 器中的 ID 码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息来判断是那一个轮胎中的发射检 测模块发出的信号， 并将压力和温度信息显示在对应区域。
用户在使用时， 如需轮胎换位， 只需相应的将对应的编码插头 1015换位 便可。当下一次开机后，接受显示模块重新设置存储在接收显示模块中 MCU 的存储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息，保证将信息显示在正确的 W 位置。
若用户发现某一发射机 （发射检测模块） 损坏， 用户只需购买一只发射 机即行， 将损坏的发射模块的对应的编码插头拔下， 插上 ¥的编码插头即可。 当下一次开机后， 接受显示模块重新设置存储在接收显示模块中 MCU的存 储器中的 ID码与轮胎对应身份识别关系信息，保证将新发射检测模块发出的 信号显示在正确的位置。
应用本发明的汽车轮胎气压监测系统对汽车轮胎进行监测的方法， 其包 括如下步骤： 显示模块 101开机， 初始化； 读入四个编码插头 1015的存储器 电路中的 ID码；等待接收接收模块 102传送来的数据；判断接收到的数据中 的 ID码是否和上述读入的 ID码相同； 若不同， 则丢弃该数据， 继续等待接 收数据； 若相同， 判断该 ID码对应的显示位置； 将接收到的数据显示在显示 器上， 继续等待接收数据。
由于本发明采用编码插件技术， 将轮胎的更换与换位时的重新身份识别 问题，转换成 ID码的重新换位设置问题， 为轮胎的重新身份识别提供一套简 单、 有效的技术方案， 采用插头插入的方式， 操作简单可靠。
本发明采用编码技术， 通过 I/O (输入输出口）读入插入式编码存储器电 路中的编码， 避免了用无线方式读入 ID编码， 回避了 LF低频唤醒中低频信 号在传输过程中被车上的电磁噪声干扰的问题，从根本上解决了干扰的问题。 实施例 1
图 5为本发明的发射检测模块的一个实施例的电路原理图。
在图 5中，发射检测模块 12电路由传感器电路 121、控制和发射电路 122 和发射天线 123组成。
当需要监测时， 控制和发射电路 122和通过数据线发出信号给传感器电 路 121， 传感器开始测量压力以及温度， 测量完毕后传感器电路 121发出反 馈信号给控制和发射电路 122， 控制和发射电路 122收到反馈信号后开始对 信号进行 A/D转换。然后对 A/D转换的值进行编码， 按照一定的通讯协议将 测量数据的编码值， ID码， 纠错码等组帧。 最后控制和发射电路 122将数据 帧在发射电路调制变频后通过天线 123发射到空间。 实施例 2
图 6为本发明的接收显示模块 11的接收模块 102的一个实施例的电路原 理图。
如上所述， 接收显示模块 11包括显示模块 101、 接收模块 102和接收天 线 103和三部分； 接收模块 102， 接收天线 103和显示模块 101之间通过信 号接口连接。
在本实施例中， 其接收模块 102的电路主要分为三部分： 电源电路 l lc、 接收电路 102a、 接收数据接口电路 102b。其中， 电源电路 11c的功能是对整 个接收显示模块 11提供电能，汽车发动时自动开机， 或者开启轮胎监测系统 时开机； 接收电路 102a的功能是接收发射天线 123所传送的 RF信号 120并 进行解调， 解码与转换， 然后将转换后的显示数据传送到接收数据接口电路 102b, 其作用是将接收到的信息进一步传送给显示模块 101。
接收电路 L02a还要判断接收到的信号是否需要的信号，否，则不予处理， 是， 则转换， 因为空间有许多无线电噪声， 有时会产生随机的错误信号， 所 以要判断收到的数据是我们通讯协议中的编码数据，还是别的错误信号数据， 要由接收电路来判断。 实施例 3
图 7为本发明的接收显示模块 11的显示模块 101的一个实施例的电路原 理图。
在本实施例中，显示模块 101的电路主要包括下列单元：主控单元 101C；、 编码插头接口电路 10145、 显示数据接口电路 1011a、 报警电路 1011b。
其中，图中的接收数据接口电路 102b系接受来自于接收模块 102的信号 120到显示模块 101来处理。
收到的信号 120有主控单元 101C来处理， 主要包括， 主控单元 101C读 取信息， 特别是其中的 ID码， 与编码插头电路 10145中获得的 ID码进行比 较， 若不一致， 则丢弃收到的数据， 继续等待接收数据接口电路 102b下一次 传送来的信号； 若一致， 则继续处理， 传送给显示数据接口电路 1011a， 以 便显示在适当的显示区域中。
在上述过程中， 主控单元 101C还会根据 ID码和编码插座的位置以及其 开机初始化时保存的 ID码和显示区域的对应关系，判断本次数据系对应哪一 个显示区域。
同时， 还设置有报警电路 1011b， 当接收的信息经过处理与转换， 和设 定的数值范围进行比较以后， 如果不在正常范围以内， 则报警电路 1011b发 出警告以引起驾驶员的注意， 本实施例中， 报警方式采用蜂鸣器发出声音。 当每次 MCU, 即主控单元 101C 重新启动后， 通过编码插头接口电路 10145读取编码插头 1015， 即外置的插入式的编码插头的存储器中的 ID码。 分别将该 ID码和对应轮胎数据显示区域 1011建立对应身份识别关系存储在 主控单元 101C的存储器中。
当接收模块 102通过接收天线 103接收到无线电信号， 即 RF信号 120 时， 进行无线电信号变频解调。 解调完毕后将解调后的数字信号通过接收数 据接口电路 102b发送给主控单元 101C。
主控单元 101C， 即 MCU, 对收到的数字信号进行处理， 提取其中的温 度， 压力值， 以及 ID码。 然后 MCU读出存储器中已经建立的 ID码和该 ID 码和对应轮胎数据显示区域建立对应身份识别关系，和接收到的 ID码进行比 较， 如果是该系统的数据， MCU将接收到的温度， 压力值处理为显示数据， 通过显示数据接口 1011a送往显示区域 1011， 数据将显示在对应区域中。
同时， 主控单元 101C还可以预先设置正常值范围， 当数据超范围时， 在送显示的同时， 送报警电路 1011b处理。 在本发明的具体实施方案中， 编码插头 1015系外置的、插入式的、 带有 编码存储器的插头， 内存有 ID码， 包括连接端口和编码存储器电路。
连接端口又包括接口电路与连接电路。 其中， 接口电路可分为并行口电 路和串行口电路。
连接电路是将编码存储器电路和主控单元电路连接在一起的电路。
接口电路和连接电路可以釆用一些常见技术来实施， 例如，
插头和插座通过插头和插座的连接接口电路连接， 其中的卡座系在 PCB 上做出镀金接头， 即金手指。 将 PCB通过金手指直接插在插座上。 通过金手 指和插座的接口电路连接。 编码存储器电路可以是做成 SIM卡或 IC卡的形式。 例如， 将存储电路 做在 SIM卡或 IC中， 通过 SIM卡或 IC卡接口读出存储器中的编码。 在本发明中， 编码存储器电路是实现身份识别的重要内容， 有很多的常 见技术手段可以帮助实施， 下面的举例都是适合在汽车上应用的， 除了考虑 技术效果以外， 还综合考虑了成本、 可靠性、 维护和使用便利性等因素。 下面是一些实施例：
编码存储器电路中 ， 最主要的是存储器。
例 4-1 , 该存储器是一移位存储器， 其原理如图 8所示。
写入数据时， 每次时钟信号 CP到来， 将 D1数据移入寄存器， 同时所有 数据右移一位； 读出数据时， 每次时钟信号到来， 所有数据左移一位， 读出 D1端口上的值。 这实际上就是一个串行编码电路， 每次读出一位， 比如说要 Γ6位编码， 外部电路就给出 16次的时钟信号 CP， 每次从 D1口读出 1位， 共读出 16位的编码， 即 ID码。 如果需要 8位编码， 外部电路就给出 8次时 钟信号。 依此类推。 该存储器也可以是矩阵存储器， 可以分别用开关、 二极管、 MOS管、 三 极管或 PLA实现。
例 4-2， 该存储器是一开关矩阵存储器， 如图 9所示， 是开关矩阵存储器 的原理图。
图中所示为线连接开关矩阵， 通过并行口信号线的状态来决定编码， 与 地连接为二进制的 '0' ， 与 VDD连接为 。 通过 8根信号线的状态， 得到一个 8位的编码。 该 8位编码就可以用作为 ID码， 再通过接口读出。 例 4-3， 该存储器是二极管矩阵存储器。
如图 10所示， 是二极管矩阵存储器的原理图。
二极管存储矩阵实际上是一个二极管编码器，当 FTB0-PTB3上的某一根 线 （比如 PTB2) 上是低电平， PTB0-PTB3上其余的线是高电平时； 可以读 出 PTC0-PTC3上的值； PTC0-PTC3上有上拉电阻 （pull up resistance) ， 接 点上连接有二极管的， 为逻辑 ； 没接的， 为逻辑 。 当 PTB0-PTC3 上的四根线依次为低电平时， PTC0-PTC3就可以读出四个 4位值， 一起构成 一个 16位的编码。 该 16位编码就可以用作为 ID码。 例 4-4， 该存储器是 MOS管矩阵存储器。
如图 11所示， 是 MOS管矩阵存储器的原理图。
. MOS管存储矩阵原理上和二极管存储矩阵是一致的，只是将二极管换成 了 MOS管。 该存储器还可以是三极管矩阵存储器。
三极管管存储矩阵， 原理上和二极管存储矩阵是一致的， 只是将二极管 换成了三极管。 上述的各个实施例可以组合或结合运用， 所以最终的技术方案个数是各 部分实施例个数的乘积。
本发明的汽车轮胎监测系统的工作流程的一个实际例子如图 12所示，这 里举例是监测汽车轮胎的气压。
首先是发射检测模块 12通过气压传感器获得电信号，将该电信号在放大 及 A/D变换器中进行处理后送到控制和发射电路中进行编码， 分别生成预定 格式的数据码和 ID码， 然后到 FSK调制器中进行调制， 再传送到功率放大 器电路中进行信号放大， 由天线发送；
接收显示模块 11的接收电路 102a收到天线发送的 RF信号 120以后， 依次经过低噪放大器、 数字滤波器和高频解调器， 经接收数据接口电路 102b 传送给主控单元 101C (MCU) ；
主控单元 101C通过编码插头接口电路 10145读入编码插头 1015中存储 的 ID码， 并该 ID码和插座 1014之间的对应关系；
主控单元 101C根据读入的编码插头 1015中存储的 ID码和通过接收数 据电路中传送来的信号中的 ID码，判断是丢弃接收到的信息，还是显示该信 息；
当判断接收数据电路中传送来的信息系有效信息， 需要显示时， 将该信 息和 ID码所涉及的轮胎身份识别对应关系一并通过显示驱动控制器电路在 显示区域中显示， 通常采用 LCD显示器。 图 13 为一应用本发明的汽车轮胎监测系统对汽车轮胎进行监测的方法 的实施例， 该汽车有四个轮胎，
其包括如下步骤：
步骤 600， 开机；
步骤 601， 初始化，
步骤 602， 读入四个编码插头存储器电路中的 ID码；
步骤 603， 建立并保存 ID码与轮胎身份识别的对应关系， 即不同位置的 轮胎显示在适当显示区域所需的对应关系；
步骤 604， 等待接收数据， 即等待接收发射检测模块传送来的数据； 步骤 605， '是否接收到数据 ； （即判断收到的数据是我们通讯协议中的 编码数据， 还是别的错误信号数据）
步骤 606，判断接收到的数据中的 ID码是否和上述步骤 603中保存的 ID 码是否相同；
若不同， 则进行步骤 620， 丢弃该数据； 然后返回步骤 604, 继续等待接 收数据；
若相同， 则进行步骤 610， 判断该 ID码所对应的显示区域位置； 步骤 611， 显示数据， 将接收到的数据以适当的方式显示在相应的显示 区域中；
返回步骤 604， 继续等待接收数据。 上述的步骤所对应的软件， 在制造生产本发明所述的汽车轮胎监测系统 时， 存储在接收显示模块的主控单元中， 可以固化， 也可以是可编程序的形 式。
还可以存贮监测项目的数值范围， 用以与接收的数据相比较， 以便判断 是否在适合的数值范围内， 这时， 应用本发明的方法还包括， 判断有效的信 息是否在合理范围内， 若否， 则触发报警电路， 提醒和警示， 或者进行其他 触发控制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种汽车轮胎监测系统， 由发射检测模块和接收显示模块组成； 发 射检测模块每个轮胎设置一个， 包括传感器、 控制和发射电路、 发 射天线； 接收显示模块包括接收单元、 主控单元和显示单元， 其特 征在于， 在接收显示模块设置有若干个插入式的编码存储器， 每个 编码存储器中设有一个固定的 ID码；每个发射检测模块均有一个固 定的 ID码，该固定的 ID码与前述的某个编码存储器的 ID码是对应 的或者是一致的。
2. 一种如权利要求 1 所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述的 传感器是压力传感器和 /或温度传感器。
3. 一种如权利要求 2 所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述的 发射检测模块通过传感器获得电信号， 将该电信号进行放大及 A/D 变换处理后进行编码， 分别生成预定格式的数据码和 ID码， 然后经 过调制、 放大后发射。
4. 一种如权利要求 2 所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述的 接收显示模块的接收单元的电路主要包括电源电路、 接收电路、 接 收数据接口电路， 接收电路对收到的信号经过处理后， 包括取出信 号中的 ID码信息， 通过接收数据接口电路传送给主控单元。
5. 一种如权利要求 2 所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述的 接收显示模块的显示单元主要包括编码插头接口电路、 显示数据接 口电路、 和报警电路。
6. 一种如权利要求 2 所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述的 编码存储器设置在编码插头中， 在接收显示模块的显示单元设置有 相应的用以插入所述的编码插头的插座。
7. 一种如权利要求 1-6 所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述 的编码存储器是一移位存储器。
8. 一种如权利要求 1-6所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述 的编码存储器是一矩阵存储器。
9. 一种如权利要求 1-6所述的汽车轮胎监测系统， 其特征在于， 所述 的编码存储器是开关矩阵存储器、或二极管矩阵存储器、或 MOS管 矩阵存储器、 或三极管矩阵存储器。
10.一种应用权利要求 1所述的汽车轮胎气压监测系统对汽车轮胎进行 监测的方法， 其特征在于包括如下步骤：
系统开机， 初始化，
读入所有编码插头的存储器电路中的 ID码，
建立并保存 ID码与轮胎身份识别的对应关系
等待接收数据， 即接收发射检测模块传送来的数据，
判断接收到的数据中包含的 ID码是否和上述保存的 ID码中的某一 个对应或相同，
若不一致， 则丢弃该数据， 继续等待接收数据，
若一致， 判断该数据中的 ID码对应的显示位置，
显示数据，
返回， 继续等待接收数据。
11.一种如权利要求 10 所述的监测方法，其特征在于，在显示数据步骤 的同时， 还包括触发报警电路的步骤。
12.—种如权利要求 10 或 11所述的监测方法， 其特征在于， 所述的发 射检测模块发送的数据是这样形成的， 将传感器所获得的数据进行 放大并进行 A/D转换后，与该模块中预设的 ID码一起编码，然后经 过调制与放大， 经天线发射传输。
PCT/CN2005/000676 2005-02-06 2005-05-16 Système de surveillance de pression d’air de pneu automobile et procédé d’identification de pneu automobile WO2006081719A1 (fr)

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AU2005326420A AU2005326420B2 (en) 2005-02-06 2005-05-16 Air pressure monitoring system of vehicle tire and identification method of vehicle tire
KR1020067020434A KR101143493B1 (ko) 2005-02-06 2005-05-16 차량 타이어의 공기압 모니터링 시스템 및 차량 타이어의식별 방법
AT05743444T ATE508890T1 (de) 2005-02-06 2005-05-16 Luftdrucküberwachungssystem eines fahrzeugreifens und identifikationsverfahren für fahrzeugreifen
EP05743444A EP1850274B1 (en) 2005-02-06 2005-05-16 Air pressure monitoring system of vehicle tire and identification method of vehicle tire
PL05743444T PL1850274T3 (pl) 2005-02-06 2005-05-16 System do monitorowania ciśnienia powietrza w oponach pojazdu oraz sposób identyfikacji opony pojazdu
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CN1664853A (zh) 2005-09-07
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CA2560088C (en) 2013-10-08
CA2560088A1 (en) 2006-08-10
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