WO2006059690A1 - 投射型表示装置 - Google Patents
投射型表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006059690A1 WO2006059690A1 PCT/JP2005/022106 JP2005022106W WO2006059690A1 WO 2006059690 A1 WO2006059690 A1 WO 2006059690A1 JP 2005022106 W JP2005022106 W JP 2005022106W WO 2006059690 A1 WO2006059690 A1 WO 2006059690A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- polarization
- wavelength
- display device
- polarizing element
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
- G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/1006—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths
- G02B27/102—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for generating a colour image from monochromatic image signal sources
- G02B27/1046—Beam splitting or combining systems for splitting or combining different wavelengths for generating a colour image from monochromatic image signal sources for use with transmissive spatial light modulators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/1086—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by diffraction only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
- G02B27/145—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only having sequential partially reflecting surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
- G02B27/149—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using crossed beamsplitting surfaces, e.g. cross-dichroic cubes or X-cubes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/20—Lamp housings
- G03B21/2073—Polarisers in the lamp house
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B33/00—Colour photography, other than mere exposure or projection of a colour film
- G03B33/10—Simultaneous recording or projection
- G03B33/12—Simultaneous recording or projection using beam-splitting or beam-combining systems, e.g. dichroic mirrors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a projection display device that, after separating light emitted from a light source into light of a plurality of colors, modulates the light according to an image to be displayed, and synthesizes and enlarges the modulated light of each color.
- liquid crystal projection display devices include white light sources such as metal halide lamps, illumination optical systems, color separation optical systems, liquid crystal panels for R (red), G (green), and B (blue),
- white light sources such as metal halide lamps, illumination optical systems, color separation optical systems, liquid crystal panels for R (red), G (green), and B (blue)
- RGB red
- G green
- B blue
- a three-plate liquid crystal projector that is composed of a color synthesis optical system, a projection optical system, and the like. This three-plate type liquid crystal projector works as follows. First, the dichroic mirror in the color separation optical system separates the white light from the white light source into three colors, R, G, and B, and irradiates them on three liquid crystal panels for RGB.
- the RGB liquid crystal panel modulates the image according to the image displayed on each light, and the dichroic prism in the color synthesis optical system combines the color modulated light to synthesize the power color image. Make an optical image.
- the projection lens enlarges and projects this optical image on the screen.
- Polarization means are provided on the incident side and the emission side of each liquid crystal panel constituting such a conventional liquid crystal projection display device, and the incident-side polarization means (polarizing plate) is polarized in a specific direction.
- the emitted light is taken out, the liquid crystal panel modulates the light polarized in a specific direction, and the exit side polarization means (analyzer) takes out only the light in the predetermined polarization direction.
- the extinction ratio will be described.
- the direction of the polarization axis of the polarization means is the first polarization direction and the polarization direction orthogonal to the first polarization direction is the second polarization direction
- the light is polarized in the first polarization direction that passes through the polarization means.
- the ratio between the amount of light and the amount of light polarized in the second polarization direction that passes through the polarizing means is called the extinction ratio.
- the absolute value of the above ratio expressed in decibels is called the extinction ratio. The higher the extinction ratio value, the higher the contrast and the better the performance of the liquid crystal projection display device.
- a reflective liquid crystal display element is used as the liquid crystal panel, and reflective polarizing means that acts as a diffraction grating for light polarized in the same specific direction on the incident side and the outgoing side of the reflective liquid crystal display element.
- a liquid crystal projection display device in which a polarizer and an analyzer are provided (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-281615
- Patent Document 2 JP 2004-184889 A
- the incident angle to an optical component such as a reflective mirror is not uniform within the reflecting surface and has a constant distribution.
- the polarization direction of the light incident on the liquid crystal panel has a certain distribution in the cross section of the light beam. Therefore, there is a problem that the light having a sufficient extinction ratio cannot be incident on the liquid crystal panel due to the disturbance of the polarization direction of the light and the contrast is lowered.
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and provides a projection display device that can stably obtain a high extinction ratio and is compact and resistant to heat.
- the invention according to aspect 1 includes a light source that emits visible light, a color separation unit that separates incident light into light of a plurality of wavelength bands, and the color separation unit.
- a plurality of liquid crystal panels that are separated and guided by reflection mirrors arranged as necessary and modulate light according to an image to display the light in each wavelength band, and light emitted from each liquid crystal panel
- a first polarization unit disposed on an optical path from the light source to each of the liquid crystal panels; and a liquid crystal unit including: a light combining unit configured to combine the light combined by the light combining unit; And a second polarizing means disposed on the output side of the panel, wherein at least one of the first polarizing means and the second polarizing means is in the first polarization direction.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element allows light polarized in the first polarization direction to travel straight on the optical axis and has a second polarization direction orthogonal to the first polarization direction. Therefore, the light having the second polarization direction that passes through the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element is transmitted without the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element being disposed obliquely with respect to the optical axis. The amount of light can be reduced, a stable high extinction ratio can be obtained, and a compact, heat-resistant projection display device can be realized.
- the first polarizing means is constituted by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element, and the space between the light source and the color separating means on the optical path. It has the composition arranged in.
- the second polarization direction can be obtained by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element as the first polarizing means disposed on the optical path between the light source and the color separating means. Since each polarized light is diffracted, it is possible to realize a projection display device capable of reducing the number of the first polarizing means and minimizing the number of the first polarizing means.
- the first polarizing means is constituted by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element, and the color separating means on the optical path and the liquid crystal panel It has the structure arrange
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element is arranged for each color of light separated by the color separation means, so that it is stable for any color light.
- a projection type display device capable of obtaining a high extinction ratio can be realized.
- the invention according to aspect 4 is the aspect 2, in which the color separation unit is configured such that the visible light has a wavelength of red, the wavelength ⁇
- the multi-layered diffractive polarizing element is separated into light of the three primary colors of blue, which has the maximum intensity at ⁇ , and has at least three polarizing diffraction gratings having different wavelengths with the highest diffraction efficiency.
- the wavelength range of the light of each color separated by the color separation means can be matched with the wavelength range with a high extinction ratio, so that the color is high for each of the three primary colors.
- a projection display device capable of obtaining contrast and brightness can be realized, and the configuration having four or more polarization diffraction gratings can further increase the extinction ratio in a wavelength region where a high extinction ratio is required. it can. Also, in this case, the wavelengths e, e and e are respectively
- RGB instead of the maximum intensity in each of the red, green, and blue wavelength bands, the average wavelength of the upper limit wavelength and the additional wavelength of the wavelength band, or the intensity of light of each color component incident on the liquid crystal panel Force You can use the average of the longest and shortest wavelengths, which are 50% of the maximum intensity in each wavelength band!
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element may include at least two polarization diffraction gratings having different wavelengths with the highest diffraction efficiency for each of the plurality of colors. And when the center wavelength of light in the wavelength band is given, the polarization diffraction grating
- the wavelength of the maximum intensity of the corresponding color is sandwiched between wavelength 1 and wavelength 2 having the highest diffraction efficiency within the wavelength band of each color.
- a projection display device capable of improving the extinction ratio in a large wavelength range can be realized, and the structure having three or more polarization diffraction gratings allows light incident on the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element to be parallel. In the case of an angular distribution other than light, a higher extinction ratio can be obtained even for obliquely incident light.
- the invention according to aspect 6 is the light source according to aspect 5, wherein the light source that emits visible light has a bright line in at least one of the wavelength bands of the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. And at least one of the polarization diffraction gratings included in the multilayer diffraction polarizing element in the wavelength band including the emission line is a polarization diffraction grating whose wavelength of the highest diffraction efficiency substantially matches the wavelength of the emission line. It has the composition which is.
- the extinction ratio is high and the polarization diffraction grating is used for the light of the wavelength of the emission line in each wavelength band, so that high contrast and brightness can be obtained. A high extinction ratio can be obtained.
- the invention according to aspect 7 is the light source that emits visible light according to aspect 6, wherein the light source that emits high-pressure mercury lamp power is used, and the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element in the blue wavelength band is the highest circuit. Equipped with polarization gratings whose folding efficiency wavelengths are substantially equal to 440 nm and 490 nm, respectively.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element in the green wavelength band has a configuration in which the wavelength of the highest diffraction efficiency is a polarization diffraction grating that is substantially equal to 550 nm and 580 nm, respectively. With this configuration, in addition to the effect of the aspect 6, higher contrast and luminance can be obtained in the blue and green wavelength bands, and a high extinction ratio can be obtained.
- the polarization direction of linearly polarized light transmitted by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element constituting the first polarizing means is It has a configuration in which a polarizer having an optical axis having a predetermined distribution is provided in a plane on which light is incident.
- the first polarizing means including the polarizer is disposed between the light source on the optical path and the reflecting mirror. Therefore, even when the light source power is not parallel light, it is possible to cancel the influence of the distribution in the light beam cross section in the polarization direction due to the reflection mirror, etc. It can be made incident on the panel, and a high extinction ratio can be obtained.
- the invention according to aspect 9 is the polarization diffraction grating according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the multilayer diffraction polarizing element has n layers.
- the polarization diffraction grating is stacked such that the longitudinal directions of the gratings form an angle of 180 Zn degrees with each other! /
- the invention according to aspect 10 is any one of aspects 1 to 9, in which light out of the liquid crystal panel is placed on an optical path between the liquid crystal panel and the projection unit. It has a configuration in which diaphragm means for shielding unnecessary portions is arranged.
- the diaphragm unit projects the unnecessary diffracted light out of the light emitted from the multilayer diffractive polarizing element. It is possible to realize a projection display device capable of removing unwanted stray light that occurs other than images.
- the second polarizing means is constituted by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element, and the multilayer diffractive polarizing element
- each of the plurality of colors has at least two polarization gratings having different wavelengths of the highest diffraction efficiency, and the center wavelength of the wavelength band is ⁇ .
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element as the second polarizing means disposed on the output side of the liquid crystal panel can be polarized in the second polarization direction.
- the number of second polarizing means it is possible to reduce the number of second polarizing means to a minimum number, and to achieve compactness, to obtain a stable and high extinction ratio and to provide a compact and heat-resistant projection display.
- a device can be realized.
- the present invention provides light having a second polarization direction orthogonal to the first polarization direction by allowing the multilayer diffractive polarizing element to linearly transmit the light polarized in the first polarization direction on the optical axis.
- the amount of light having the second polarization direction transmitted through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element can be reduced without arranging the multilayer diffractive polarizing element obliquely with respect to the optical axis. It is possible to provide a projection-type display device that can be reduced, is stable and has a high! Extinction ratio, and is compact and has a heat-resistant and darkening effect.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a projection display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a multilayer diffractive polarizing element installed in the projection display device of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the action of a diaphragm installed in the projection display device of FIG. 4]
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the preferred arrangement of the polarization diffraction grating in the longitudinal direction of the stripe in the multilayer diffractive polarizing element of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the 0th-order transmitted light image at the position of the stop of FIG. 3, the diffraction image, and the aperture of the stop.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of the projection display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a projection type display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element installed in the projection type display device of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of the projection display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows the relationship between the extinction ratio of light of R (red) component and the wavelength. .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of the projection display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and shows the relationship between the extinction ratio of light of G (green) component and the wavelength. is there.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of the projection display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing the relationship between the extinction ratio of light of the B (blue) component and the wavelength. is there.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the distribution in the beam cross section in the polarization direction of the light reflected by the reflection mirror in the projection display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a distribution in a light beam cross section in a polarization direction of light transmitted through a multilayer diffraction polarizing element in a projection display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a spectral intensity distribution of a short arc ultra-high pressure mercury lamp used as the light source 1 of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the extinction ratio and the wavelength of the multilayer diffraction type deflection element for the G (green) wavelength band used in the projection display apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the extinction ratio and the wavelength of the multilayer diffraction type deflection element for the B (blue) wavelength band used in the projection display apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 shows the spectral intensity of the light incident on the multi-layer diffractive deflection element for the G (green) wavelength band and the first polarized light that is transmitted straight in the projection display apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 18 shows the spectral intensity of the light incident on the multi-layer diffractive deflection element for the B (blue) wavelength band and the first polarized light transmitted straight in the projection display apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 19 shows the relationship between the intensity and wavelength of the second polarized light transmitted through the multilayer diffraction type deflecting element for the G (green) wavelength band in the projection display apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing comparison with the case of using a multilayer diffraction type polarizing element that does not coincide with the wavelength of FIG.
- FIG. 20 shows the relationship between the intensity and wavelength of the second polarized light transmitted through the multilayer diffraction type deflection element for the B (blue) wavelength band used in the projection display apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing comparison with the case where a multilayer diffraction type polarizing element is used without matching the wavelength of the bright line! Explanation of symbols
- Multi-layer diffractive polarizing element (first polarization means)
- Multilayer diffractive polarizing element (first polarization means)
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a projection display apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the projection display device 101 includes a white light source 1 such as a metal halide lamp that emits visible light, and incident light of three color components R (red), G (green), and B (blue).
- a white light source 1 such as a metal halide lamp that emits visible light, and incident light of three color components R (red), G (green), and B (blue).
- Dichroic prism 6 as a light combining means for combining light and dichroic prism 6 Therefore and a projection lens system 8 as a projection means for enlarging and projecting the engagement made light.
- the light emitted from the projection lens system 8 is projected onto the screen 9.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element 2 causes the incident light polarized in the first polarization direction to pass straight through and to be incident in the second polarization direction orthogonal to the first polarization direction by the action described below. It becomes to diffract light!
- the light transmitted through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 is transmitted (separated) by R (red) component by the dichroic mirror 31, and the light of R (red) component is reflected by the reflecting mirror 3 la And is incident on the liquid crystal panel 41.
- the R (red) component separated and reflected by the dichroic mirror 31 is separated by the dichroic mirror 32 reflecting the G (green) component light, and the G (green) component light is liquid crystal. Directly incident on panel 42. Further, the light of the B (blue) component that is transmitted after the G (green) component is separated by the dichroic mirror 32 is reflected by the reflecting mirrors 33a and 33b and enters the liquid crystal panel 43.
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 is arranged between the light source 1 and the dichroic mirrors 31 and 32 as color separation means.
- each color component incident on the liquid crystal panels 41, 42, 43 is modulated according to the image to be displayed, and the light that has been transmitted through the analyzers 51, 52, 53 and linearly polarized in a specific direction, respectively. It is taken out.
- the light that has passed through the analyzers 51, 52, 53 is synthesized again by the dichroic prism 6, passes through the aperture 7, is projected onto the screen 9 through the projection lens system 8, and a color image is displayed.
- the wavelength band and the center wavelength of the light of each color component are appropriately determined according to the light source to be used, necessary display characteristics, and the like.
- the center wavelength of the wavelength band may be the average of the upper limit wavelength and the subtracted wavelength of the wavelength band, or the light intensity S of each color component incident on the liquid crystal panel, the maximum in each wavelength band. It may be a wavelength obtained by averaging the longest wavelength and the shortest wavelength that are 50% of the intensity, or may be a wavelength that has the maximum intensity in the wavelength band.
- an optical element (not shown) that corrects the influence of the optical path length difference can be used as necessary.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2.
- the Z axis is parallel to the optical axis, and the traveling direction of light is the positive direction of the Z axis.
- a birefringent material layer 211 having an ordinary refractive index n and an extraordinary refractive index n (n ⁇ n) is provided on both surfaces of the translucent substrate 201 b and one surface of the translucent substrate 201 c, respectively.
- Each birefringent material layer is processed into a striped shape with a periodic concavo-convex shape with a cross-sectional shape of step d and lattice pitch p (
- the cross-sectional shape of the polarizing diffraction grating 110 made of the birefringent material layer 211 formed in a stripe) and the birefringent material layer 211 formed in the same manner has a step d and a grating pin.
- a polarization grating 130 having 2 3 p stripes is formed.
- the longitudinal direction of the 130 stripes may be parallel to the Y-axis shown in FIG. 2, but the direction in which the longitudinal directions of the three stripes are not parallel to each other is preferable.
- Polarization diffraction gratings can be made by processing LiN 2 O using an ion exchange method.
- the birefringent material layer 211 is formed from a polymer liquid crystal formed by polymerizing and curing a polymerizable liquid crystal composition, and this is processed to create each polarization diffraction grating, A polarization grating with a length of 10 m or less can be easily created, and light with an unnecessary polarization direction can be removed.
- the isotropic transparent material layer 212 is formed by filling the concave portions of the stripes of the polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130 with an isotropic transparent material having a refractive index n.
- the isotropic transparent material means a transparent material having an isotropic refractive index
- the refractive index n of the isotropic transparent material layer 212 is the normal refractive index n of the birefringent material layer 211 or anomalous. It is assumed that the refractive index is equal to n. O e
- the translucent substrates 201a, 201b, and 201c are laminated so that the polarization diffraction grating 120 on the surface of the translucent substrate 201b and the polarization diffraction grating 130 on the surface of the translucent substrate 201c face each other.
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 is formed.
- birefringent material layer 211 examples of materials used for the birefringent material layer 211 will be described.
- the organic material a liquid crystal, a polymer liquid crystal obtained by polymerizing the liquid crystal, a birefringent resin film generated by stretching, etc. can be used.
- the inorganic material birefringent single crystals such as LiN 2 O, quartz, and calcite can be used.
- Caro b 3 Caro b 3
- the short wavelength absorption wavelength is 370 nm or less to prevent deterioration due to ultraviolet rays. I prefer to use some organic material.
- the isotropic transparent material layer 212 When forming the isotropic transparent material layer 212, it may be formed to have a constant thickness on the surface after filling the recesses of the stripe as shown in FIG. You may fill only a recessed part.
- the configuration in which the polarization diffraction grating 120 and the polarization diffraction grating 130 are stacked so as to face each other has been described.
- the application of the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and the polarization diffraction grating 110 and the polarization A configuration in which the diffraction grating 120 is stacked so as to face each other, or a configuration in which the three polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130 are stacked so as not to face the translucent substrates 201a, 201b, and 201c may be employed.
- polarization gratings 110, 120, and 130 act as polarization gratings with refractive index n and refractive index n.
- n n
- light polarized in the ordinary light direction of the birefringent material layer 211 that is, s e
- the polarization diffraction grating acts as a diffraction grating. Therefore, the incident ordinary ray is sequentially diffracted by the laminated polarization diffraction grating and transmitted through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2. The amount of light is greatly reduced.
- the polarization diffraction grating does not act as a polarization diffraction grating, and the incident extraordinary ray passes straight without being diffracted.
- the configuration of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 of the present embodiment allows a normal light to pass straight without acting as a diffraction grating, and acts as a diffraction grating to diffract an extraordinary ray.
- the polarization gratings 110, 120, and 130 are stacked in three layers.
- the wavelengths having the highest diffraction efficiency of the polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130 are set to ⁇ , ⁇ , and rgb is applied to the dichroic mirrors 31 and 32, respectively.
- the double-layer diffractive polarizing element 2 is shared.
- the extinction ratio can be further increased by increasing the number of stacked layers to a number of stacked layers of four or more layers. For example, when four layers of polarizing diffraction gratings are stacked, in addition to the above-mentioned conditions for stacking three layers, the wavelength ⁇ having the highest diffraction efficiency of the fourth layer is set to? Require high extinction ratio with highest viewing sensitivity
- Wavelengths near G preferably
- the stop 7 is emitted from the liquid crystal panels 41, 42, and 43 by disposing the stop 7 on the optical path between the liquid crystal panels 41, 42, and 43 and the projection lens system 8 as the projection means. Since unnecessary diffracted light among the light to be transmitted is shielded, it is possible to realize a projection type display device capable of removing undesirable stray light generated other than the projected image.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a portion where the liquid crystal panel 41 and the analyzer 51 corresponding to the light of the R (red) component are arranged, and the liquid crystal panel 42 and the analyzer 52 corresponding to the light of the G (green) component. The same applies to the portion where the liquid crystal panel 43 and the analyzer 53 corresponding to the light of the B (blue) component are arranged.
- Unnecessary diffracted light 100A is generated by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2, and the diffracted light 100A lowers the extinction ratio or generates unwanted stray light.
- the diaphragm 7 by disposing the diaphragm 7 on the exit side of the analyzer 51, unnecessary diffracted light 100A can be shielded. As a result, the extinction ratio is further increased, and undesirable stray light can be removed.
- FIG. 3 the action of the diaphragm 7 on the light of the R (red) component has been explained, but the action of the diaphragm 7 on the light of the G (green) component and the light of the B (blue) component! It is the same.
- the distance between the diaphragm 7 and the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 is arranged to be as large as possible.
- the reason for this is as follows. If the diaphragm 7 is placed close to the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 to block unwanted light, the polarizing diffraction grating will increase the diffraction angle of the unwanted diffracted light 100A by the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2. It is necessary to reduce the pitch of 110, 120, and 130. However, if the grating pitch is reduced and the wavelength of light of each color is approached, there is a possibility that the amount of the 0th-order light of the extraordinary ray that deteriorates the extinction ratio cannot be reduced.
- the pitch of the grating is preferably at least twice the wavelength of light of each color.
- the diaphragm 7 is arranged so that the distance between the diaphragm 7 and the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 is as large as possible, the diaphragm 7 can provide sufficient unnecessary light even if the diffraction angle of the unnecessary diffracted light 100A is small. It is preferable because it can be shielded from light. For the above reasons, as shown in FIG.
- the diaphragm 7 has a force placed on the optical path between the liquid crystal panel 41 and the projection lens system 8 as the projection means, or the projection lens system 8 In the case of a plurality of lens forces, it is preferable to dispose the projection lens system 8 between lenses.
- the pitch of the polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130 can be made twice or more of the wavelength, and the intensity of the 0th-order light of the extraordinary ray can be kept small. Furthermore, there is an effect that it is not necessary to carry out fine processing to form a small and pitch polarization diffraction grating.
- the diaphragm 7 has a distance between the diaphragm 7 and the second polarizing means composed of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element for the same reason as described above. It is preferable to arrange them as large as possible. That is, it is preferable that the diaphragm 7 is arranged in the same manner as described above.
- the second polarizing means composed of the multi-layer diffraction type polarizing element is provided between the emitting side of each liquid crystal panel, that is, the exit surface from which the light modulated by the liquid crystal panel is emitted and the projection means. However, it may be laminated directly on the exit side of each liquid crystal panel so that the distance between the diaphragm 7 and the second polarizing means composed of the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element is as large as possible. preferable.
- the diffracted light diffracted by the polarization diffraction grating travels in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stripe. Therefore, if the angle formed by the longitudinal directions of the stripes of the plurality of polarization diffraction gratings constituting the multilayer diffraction polarizing element 2 is a predetermined angle, the light diffracted by the stacked polarization diffraction gratings is reflected by other polarizations.
- Diffracted light that is sequentially diffracted by the diffraction grating, that is, unnecessary diffracted light can be prevented from entering the liquid crystal panel, and deterioration of the extinction ratio can be prevented.
- the birefringent material layer of each polarization diffraction grating is formed so that the fast axis (direction indicating the ordinary light refractive index) is the same direction when laminated.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred arrangement in the longitudinal direction of the stripe in the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 including three polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130.
- the longitudinal direction of the stripes of the polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130 is shown in order from the left.
- the longitudinal directions of the stripes of the polarization diffraction gratings 110, 120, and 130 are preferably arranged at an angle of 60 degrees with respect to each other as shown in FIG. The reason for this will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the 0th-order transmitted light image 200 at the position of the diaphragm 7 and the diffraction images 200A, 200B, 200C, 200D, 200E, and 200F when they are formed and arranged. It is preferable to arrange the longitudinal direction of the stripes of the polarization diffraction grating 110, 120, 130 at an angle of 60 degrees.
- each birefringent material layer is formed so that the fast axes (directions indicating the ordinary refractive index) are in the same direction.
- the phase advance axis of each birefringent material layer is perpendicular to the paper surface.
- the aperture of the diaphragm 7 can be easily arranged at the position of the 0th-order transmitted light image 200 as indicated by 70 in FIG. 5, and unnecessary diffracted light can be easily blocked by the diaphragm 7.
- the angle in the longitudinal direction of the polarization gratings 110, 120, and 130 is other than 60 degrees, the multiple diffraction image approaches the image of the 0th order transmitted light (light having the necessary polarization direction), and stray light is generated. Contrast may be reduced.
- the multilayer diffraction polarization element is formed by stacking n layers (n is an integer of 2 or more) of polarization diffraction gratings, the stripe length of the polarization diffraction gratings in adjacent layers It is preferable to arrange and stack so that the directions make an angle of 180Zn degrees with each other.
- the fast axis of the birefringent material layer of each polarization diffraction grating constituting the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element are formed in the same direction when the polarization diffraction gratings are stacked.
- the fast axis of the birefringent material layer be perpendicular to the paper surface.
- a polarization diffraction grating as a blazed grating having a sawtooth cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction because stray light due to multiple diffraction can be reduced.
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 transmits the ordinary light polarized in the first polarization direction, and the first In order to diffract an extraordinary ray having a second polarization direction orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second layer, an extraordinary ray having the second polarization direction is not required even if the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 is arranged obliquely with respect to the optical axis. diffraction Since the optical axis force can be removed to reduce the amount of light, a stable high extinction ratio can be obtained, and a compact and heat-resistant projection display device can be realized.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element 2 as the first polarizing means disposed on the optical path between the light source 1 and the dichroic mirror 31 as the color separation means causes the second polarization direction to change. Since each polarized light is diffracted, the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element 2 as the first polarizing means can be suppressed to the minimum number, and a compact projection display device can be realized.
- the dichroic mirrors 31 and 32 as color separation means saturate the visible light from the light source 1 ⁇
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element 2 is separated into three primary colors, green, which has the maximum intensity at G, and blue, which has the maximum intensity at wavelength ⁇ , and the wavelength of the highest diffraction efficiency is at least three different from each other.
- the polarization gratings 110, 120, and 130 have the highest diffraction efficiency of each polarization diffraction grating 110, 120, and 130.
- the wavelength range of each color light separated by the dichroic mirrors 31 and 32 as color separation means can be matched with the wavelength range with a high extinction ratio, the three primary color colors can be matched.
- a projection display device capable of obtaining high contrast and brightness every time can be realized.
- the extinction ratio in a wavelength range where a high extinction ratio is required can be further increased. For example, the contrast in the green wavelength range with high visibility is increased. can do.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the projection display apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the projection type display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is that the number of multilayer diffraction type polarizing elements (multilayer diffraction type polarizing element 2 shown in FIG. 1) and the arrangement location thereof are excluded. This is the same as the configuration of the projection display apparatus 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the multilayer diffraction polarizer The element 21 is between the dichroic mirror 31 and the reflecting mirror 3 la
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 22 is between the dichroic mirror 32 and the liquid crystal panel 42
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 23 is the reflective mirror 33a.
- the reflecting mirror 33b the multi-layer diffractive polarizing elements 21, 22, 23 are arranged between the dichroic mirrors 31, 32 as the color separation means and the liquid crystal panels 41, 42, 43, respectively.
- R (red) component light is transmitted (separated) by the dichroic mirror 31, and the R (red) component light is transmitted through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 21 to be reflected by the reflecting mirror. Reflected at 31a and incident on the liquid crystal panel 41.
- the R (red) component separated and reflected by the dichroic mirror 31 is separated by the G (green) component light reflected and separated by the dichroic mirror 32, and the G (green) component light is duplicated.
- the light passes through the layer diffraction type polarizing element 22 and directly enters the liquid crystal panel 42.
- the B (blue) component light separated and transmitted by the dichroic mirror 32 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 33a, passes through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 23, and is reflected by the reflecting mirror 33b. And is incident on the liquid crystal panel 43.
- the Z axis is parallel to the optical axis, and the traveling direction of light is the positive direction of the Z axis.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing elements 21, 22, and 23 have the same configuration except for the steps of the polarization diffraction grating and the dimensions of the grating pitch.
- a birefringent material layer 241 having an ordinary light refractive index n and an extraordinary light refractive index n (n ⁇ n) is formed on one surface of each of the translucent substrates 201d and 201e so as to be in a desired direction to be described later. .
- the foldable material layer 241 is processed to form stripes with a cross-sectional shape of step d and lattice pitch p.
- the polarization grating 140 has a stripe with a cross-sectional shape of step d and grating pitch p.
- a polarizing diffraction grating 150 is formed.
- an isotropic transparent material s of refractive index n is formed in the concave portion of each stripe of the polarizing diffraction gratings 140 and 150.
- the isotropic transparent material layer 242 is formed by filling the material.
- the refractive index n of the isotropic transparent material layer 242 is soe if it is equal to the ordinary light refractive index n or the extraordinary light refractive index n of the birefringent material layer 241.
- the translucent substrates 201d and 201e are laminated so that the polarization diffraction grating 140 on the surface of the translucent substrate 201d and the polarization diffraction grating 150 on the surface of the translucent substrate 201e face each other.
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 21 is formed as described above.
- the configuration in which the polarization diffraction grating 140 and the polarization diffraction grating 150 are stacked so as to face each other has been described.
- the application of the present invention is not limited to the above configuration, and two polarization diffraction gratings 140, It is also possible to have a structure where 150 layers are not facing each other.
- the configuration of the multi-layer diffractive polarizing elements 21, 22, and 23 of the present embodiment allows the light to pass straight without acting as a diffraction grating for ordinary rays, and acts as a diffraction grating for extraordinary rays.
- the polarization diffraction gratings 140 and 150 are configured to diffract.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-66232 discloses a device having the same structure as the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element as described above.
- the polarization diffraction grating acts as a diffraction grating, so that the incident ordinary ray is sequentially diffracted by the laminated polarization diffraction grating, and the multilayer diffraction type polarization elements 21, 22, 23 The amount of ordinary light passing through the light beam is greatly reduced.
- the polarization diffraction grating does not act as a polarization diffraction grating, and the incident extraordinary ray is transmitted without being diffracted.
- the wavelengths of the highest diffraction efficiency of the polarization diffraction gratings 140 and 150 are different from each other, and the center wavelength of light in the corresponding R (red) wavelength band is determined.
- the wavelength becomes the highest diffraction efficiency of the polarization gratings 140 and 150 is determined.
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing elements 22 and 23 corresponding to the wavelength bands of G (green) and B (blue) are configured in the same manner as the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 21 corresponding to R (red). Is preferred. With this configuration, it is possible to realize a projection display device that can improve the extinction ratio in a wide wavelength range within the wavelength band of each color. [0067] In this case, if the wavelength difference and the difference ( ⁇ - ⁇ ) is 40 nm or more,
- the difference between ⁇ and the distance is larger than the difference between ⁇ and the distance, that is,
- the incident light on the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element is parallel.
- each multilayer diffraction type polarizing element As described above, the configuration in which two layers of polarization diffraction gratings are stacked has been described as each multilayer diffraction type polarizing element. However, by increasing the number of stacked layers so that the number of stacked layers is three or more, multiple layer diffraction is possible. In the case where the light incident on the polarizing plate has a certain angle distribution instead of parallel light, a higher extinction ratio can be obtained even for obliquely incident light, which is more preferable. For example, when laminating three layers of polarization diffraction gratings, in addition to the conditions for laminating two layers as described above, the wavelength near the wavelength 1S ⁇ having the highest diffraction efficiency of the third layer, that is,
- the multilayer diffraction type is used for each color of light separated by the dichroic mirrors 31 and 32 as the color separation means. Since the polarizing elements 21, 22, and 23 are arranged, the polarizing diffraction gratings 140 and 150 having the highest diffraction efficiency for each color of light are stacked as the multilayer diffraction polarizing elements 21, 22, and 23. Therefore, it is possible to realize a projection display device that can stably obtain a high extinction ratio even with respect to light of V or a color difference.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing elements 21, 22, and 23 have a configuration in which two polarization diffraction gratings 140 and 150 that have the highest diffraction efficiency satisfy the above-described relationship are stacked for each color. Therefore, it is possible to realize a projection display device that can improve the extinction ratio in a wide wavelength range. Power is made incident on a multilayer diffractive polarizing element by stacking three or more polarizing diffraction gratings. When the light to be emitted is not parallel light but has an angular distribution, a higher extinction ratio can be obtained even for obliquely incident light.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element is composed of one polarization diffraction grating, and the wavelength with the highest diffraction efficiency is the wavelength with the highest light intensity of each color. In the case of matching with the peak, the extinction ratio is lower than that in the present embodiment, which is not sufficient for practical use.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element is configured by laminating two polarization diffraction gratings, so that the extinction ratio of the entire light in the wavelength band of each color is increased. Therefore, a practically sufficient extinction ratio value (above 35 dB) can be realized.
- the case where a transmissive liquid crystal element is used as the liquid crystal panel has been described.
- the application of the present invention is not limited to the above configuration.
- the present invention can also be applied when a reflective liquid crystal panel is used.
- the liquid crystal panel is not limited to being composed of liquid crystal elements, but may be composed of other display means.
- the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element is used as a pre-polarizer for light incident on the liquid crystal panel, and is conventionally used as a heat absorption type. It is also possible to secure a high extinction ratio by separately attaching a polarizer to the liquid crystal panel.
- the liquid crystal panels 41, 42, 43 As in the projection display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal panels 41, 42, 43, The force placed on the optical path between the projection lens system 8 as a projection means, and when the projection lens system 8 is composed of a plurality of lenses, the diaphragm 7 is placed between the lenses in the projection lens system 8. That is the departure This is preferable for the same reason as explained in the first embodiment.
- the stripe longitudinal directions of the polarization diffraction gratings are 180Zn each other, as in the lamination method described in the first embodiment.
- the layers are stacked so as to form an angle of n degrees (n is the number of polarization diffraction gratings to be stacked and an integer of 2 or more). preferable.
- each polarization diffraction grating is formed by laminating a plurality of polarization diffraction gratings, the birefringence of each polarization diffraction grating is performed for the same reason as described in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the birefringent material layer is formed so that the fast axis (direction showing the ordinary refractive index) of the birefringent material is the same direction.
- each birefringent material layer is formed so that the fast axis is directed in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
- the light source 1 at least one of the wavelength bands of the three primary colors R (red), G (green), and B (blue) is used.
- a light source with emission lines in one or more wavelength bands can be used. In that case, the wavelength of the emission line ⁇ force
- a polarization diffraction grating in which the wavelength with the highest efficiency is substantially equal to the wavelength of the bright line in each range to constitute a multilayer diffraction type polarizing element for the wavelength band.
- a high-pressure mercury lamp As a light source having a bright line that can be used in the projection display device of the present invention, a high-pressure mercury lamp is exemplified.
- the high-pressure mercury lamp has emission lines with wavelengths of 550 nm and 580 nm in the G (green) wavelength band and wavelengths of 440 nm and 490 nm in the B (blue) wavelength band.
- the emission line in this document is limited to the light of a specific wavelength emitted by excited nuclear power.
- the intensity of light is high and there is a wavelength range in the wavelength band of each color, light in that wavelength range may be used.
- a projection type display apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the configuration of the projection display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the projection display device 102 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, except for the configuration of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element.
- the explanation is omitted because it is the same as.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the distribution in the cross section of the light beam in the polarization direction of the light reflected by the reflecting mirror when the light from the light source 1 is divergent light.
- the polarization state of the light incident on the reflection mirror is linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction is the horizontal direction of the paper.
- the light incident surface of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element in the present embodiment is the light incident surface of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element in the present embodiment
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element does not have the predetermined distribution of the optical axis!
- the polarization direction distribution as shown in FIG.
- the multilayer diffractive polarizing element by configuring the multilayer diffractive polarizing element so that the distribution in the cross section of the light beam in the polarization direction after passing through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element is as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. Corresponding to a polarization state such as 12, the polarization direction distribution can be canceled.
- the polarization direction of the light transmitted through the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element is the extraordinary light direction relative to the birefringent material or Since it is parallel to the ordinary light direction, the distribution of the polarization direction as shown in FIG. 13 can be obtained with respect to the light transmitted through the multilayer diffractive polarizing element.
- a predetermined distribution is given to the direction, that is, the direction of the optical axis.
- the optical axes of the birefringent material of the multilayer diffractive deflection element are set to the four corners of FIG. 13 so as to cancel the distribution as shown in FIG. 12 in the cross section of the light beam in the polarization direction after passing through the multilayer diffractive deflection element. It is preferable to give a distribution of 1 ° or more with respect to the central portion in the portion corresponding to.
- the polarization direction of the transmitted light does not depend on the longitudinal direction of the stripe of the polarization diffraction grating but depends on the alignment direction of the polymer liquid crystal. Therefore, for example, the alignment direction of the polymer liquid crystal in the multilayer diffraction polarizing element is distributed so as to correspond to the distribution of the polarization direction as shown in FIG.
- the rubbing direction of the alignment film of the polymer liquid crystal is distributed so as to be curved in the incident plane, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the distribution of the rubbing direction of the alignment film, and the polymer liquid crystal is polymerized in that state.
- a fine uneven stripe structure is formed on the surface of the polymer liquid crystal substrate so as to be curved, and the fine liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the stripe by the volume exclusion effect.
- a method of polymerizing by applying an alignment distribution of liquid crystal molecules along the longitudinal direction of the uneven stripe.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element is given a function such that the distribution of the polarization direction after transmission becomes the distribution shown in FIG. 13.
- the application of the present invention is limited to the above configuration.
- a polarizer is added on the incident side of the reflecting mirror on the optical path to give the function that the polarization direction distribution after transmission becomes the distribution shown in Fig. 13. Do it.
- the polarizer imparting a function that makes the distribution of the polarization direction a constant distribution is not limited to a polarizer having a polarization diffraction grating, and a polarizer having another configuration may be used. Yes.
- a polarizer having another configuration may be used.
- an absorption polarizer, a structural birefringence polarizer, a metal wire grid polarizer, or the like can be used.
- the light incident on the structural birefringent polarizer is polarized in parallel to the stripes formed on the structural birefringent polarizer as described in JP-A-2001-281615, [0094].
- the component is reflected and the polarized component perpendicular to the stripe is transmitted. Therefore, by bending the stripe direction so as to be parallel to the polarization direction distribution of FIG. 13, it is possible to realize a structural birefringent polarizer in which the polarization direction distribution after transmission has the distribution shown in FIG. .
- a metal wire grid polarizer using a metal wire grid is manufactured by forming a metal thin wire having a width of lOOnm or less on a substrate, the grating also having a metal force such as aluminum.
- the incident light passes through the polarized light component parallel to the fine metal wire. Therefore, in order to obtain the distribution of the polarization direction shown in FIG. 13 after transmission, the direction of the fine metal wire in the plane on which the light enters is parallel to the distribution of the polarization direction in FIG. What is necessary is just to curve and arrange
- the distribution of the polarization direction is determined so as to cancel the polarization direction distribution according to the distribution of the polarization direction shown in FIG. It is preferable to make the distribution of the polarization direction in the plane curved in an arcuate shape as shown in Fig. 13.
- the polarization direction in the plane where light enters is more than 1 degree angle between the peripheral part and the central part. Is preferably changed.
- the projection display device is configured such that the optical axis in the incident plane of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element has a predetermined distribution. Therefore, even when the light from the light source is not parallel light, the influence of the distribution in the cross section of the light flux in the polarization direction by the reflecting mirror can be canceled out, so that light in a uniform polarization state is incident on the liquid crystal panel. High extinction ratio can be obtained.
- the wavelength dependence of the extinction ratio of the multilayer diffractive polarizing element 2 used in this example is indicated by a thick line indicated by an arrow A in FIG.
- the highest wavelength peak wavelengths of the light intensities of the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) components are 630 nm, 540 nm, and 460 nm, respectively.
- an extinction ratio of 30 dB or more can be realized over the entire visible light wavelength band, and particularly high in human retinal visual sensitivity and 37 dB or more in the G (green) wavelength band. .
- a thin line indicated by an arrow B indicates a comparative example, which is a characteristic when a diffractive polarizing element in which two layers of polarization diffraction gratings are stacked is applied.
- the wavelength ⁇ having the highest diffraction efficiency of the two-layer polarization grating is 420 nm and 690 nm, respectively.
- This comparative example is the same as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-27320.
- the extinction ratio is about 7 dB in the G (green) wavelength band centered around 540 nm, and a sufficient extinction ratio is not obtained.
- green since green has high visibility, the extinction ratio of 17 dB is insufficient for practical use.
- FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the R (red) component light extinction ratio and wavelength of the projection display 102
- Fig. 10 shows the G (green) component light extinction ratio and wavelength of the projection display 102
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the extinction ratio of light of the B (blue) component of the projection display apparatus 102 and the wavelength.
- the diffraction grating 140 has the highest diffraction efficiency of 595 nm and the diffraction grating 150 has a diffraction efficiency as shown in FIG.
- the wavelength with the highest efficiency was set to 670 nm.
- the wavelength of the diffraction grating 140 with the highest diffraction efficiency is 515.
- the wavelength with the highest diffraction efficiency of nm and polarization grating 150 was set to 585 nm. Also, B (blue
- the wavelength and ⁇ force of the two polarization diffraction gratings in the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element are configured to be the same as the wavelength of the maximum intensity of each color (R, G, B).
- the extinction ratio in the wavelength band of light of each color is insufficient. Therefore, the wavelength of the diffraction grating with the highest diffraction efficiency of the two polarization diffraction gratings, ⁇ 2 force, sandwiches the wavelength of the maximum intensity of the light having the corresponding color, and falls within the wavelength band of the corresponding color.
- the children 140 and 150 are configured.
- the extinction ratio is 34 dB in the wavelength range of 460 ⁇ 40 nm in the B wavelength band.
- the projection display device of this example uses a short arc ultra-high pressure mercury lamp with a mercury operating vapor pressure of 200 atm as the light source 1, and the G (green) wavelength band and B ( (Blue)
- the wavelength with the highest diffraction efficiency of the polarizing diffraction grating included in the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element for the wavelength band is substantially the same as the wavelength of the emission line of the high-pressure mercury lamp. It has the same configuration as the projection display device according to the second embodiment except that the diffractive polarizing element is called a multilayer diffractive polarizing element in which the wavelength of the emission line is matched.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element 22 for the G (green) wavelength band of the projection display device of this example has two polarization diffractions with the highest diffraction efficiency of 550 nm and 580 nm, respectively.
- the multi-layer diffractive polarizing element 23 for the B (blue) wavelength band is composed of two polarizing diffraction gratings with the highest diffraction efficiency and wavelengths of 440 nm and 490 nm, respectively. Is formed.
- Figures 15 and 16 show the relationship between the extinction ratio and the wavelength of each of the multilayer diffractive polarizing elements 22 and 23.
- the light emitted from the light source 1 of the short arc ultra-high pressure mercury lamp is converted into the G (green) wavelength band and the B (blue) wavelength band by the color separation means 31 and 32.
- the light beams are separated and incident on the multi-layer diffractive polarizing elements 22 and 23 for the respective wavelength bands as random polarized light having the spectral intensities shown in FIGS. Fig. 14 shows the spectral intensity distribution of a short-arc ultra-high pressure mercury lamp used as light source 1.
- the light polarized in the first polarization direction is The light is transmitted straight as light having the same spectral intensity as the incident light. That is, light polarized in the first polarization direction having the spectral intensity shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is transmitted straight. Also, most of the light polarized in the second polarization direction perpendicular to the first polarization direction is diffracted and removed from the optical axis force, and has the spectral intensity shown by the solid line in FIGS. 19 and 20, respectively. Only the straight line is transparent. Also, the dotted lines in FIGS.
- the emitted light from the light source 1 is colored with respect to the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element 22 for the G (green) wavelength band matched with the wavelength of the bright line.
- the second polarized light that has been transmitted in a straight line when random polarized light in the G (green) wavelength band obtained by the separation means is incident is diffracted as a multi-layer diffractive polarizing element for the G (green) wavelength band.
- the intensity ratio of the second polarization to the first polarization is the center wavelength in the G (green) wavelength band of 550 to 565 nm.
- the configuration using the multilayer diffractive polarizing element matched with the wavelength of the bright line in this example is 55 dB or more, and the configuration using the multilayer diffractive polarizing element not matched with the wavelength of the bright line is used. Excellent value is obtained compared with 40dB or more.
- the second polarized light which is transmitted straight when random polarized light in the B (blue) wavelength band obtained by separating the light with a color separation device, is incident on the B (blue) wavelength band.
- the wavelength having the highest diffraction efficiency is set to 425 nm and 485 nm, respectively, without matching the emission line wavelength, is transmitted through the second straight line.
- the intensity is small in almost all the B (blue) wavelength band, and it is possible to obtain a better extinction ratio.
- the intensity ratio of the second polarized light to the first polarized light is the band at the center wavelength of 455 to 465 nm in the B (blue) wavelength band
- the extinction ratio of the projection display device is the band at the center wavelength of 455 to 465 nm in the B (blue) wavelength band
- it is 43 dB or more, and 39 dB in the configuration using the multilayer diffraction type polarizing element not matched with the wavelength of the bright line.
- An excellent value is obtained as compared with the above. That is, the extinction ratio is high with respect to the light of the wavelength of the bright line in each wavelength band, and the polarization diffraction grating is used. Therefore, high contrast and brightness are obtained, and a high extinction ratio is realized.
- R is provided on the optical path between the light source 1 and the multilayer diffractive polarizing elements 21, 22, 23.
- Polarizers that transmit linearly polarized light polarized in the first polarization direction in the wavelength bands of the (red), G (green), and (blue) components, and the incident linearly polarized light in the second polarization direction It is preferable to obtain a higher extinction ratio by further arranging a polarization conversion element that converts linearly polarized light in the polarization direction and transmits the linearly polarized light in the first polarized light direction.
- the projection display device according to the present invention can be applied to the use of a projection display device that can obtain a stable high extinction ratio and is useful in that it is compact and resistant to heat.
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Abstract
Description
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| JP2008070567A (ja) * | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-27 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
| JP2009294679A (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2009-12-17 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 投射型表示装置 |
| JP2010078727A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 投写型映像表示装置 |
| JP2012190053A (ja) * | 2006-10-16 | 2012-10-04 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 投射型表示装置 |
| WO2014010200A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光学素子、光学装置および表示装置 |
| CN111399328A (zh) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | 一种照明装置和投影显示系统 |
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| WO1990016006A1 (fr) * | 1989-06-22 | 1990-12-27 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Dispositif d'affichage a cristaux liquides et plaques de dephasage |
| JPH05323311A (ja) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-12-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置およびそれを用いた液晶投写型テレビ |
| JPH095522A (ja) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-01-10 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 無偏光ビームスプリッター |
| JP2004109826A (ja) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-08 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液晶装置及び投射型表示装置 |
| WO2006059690A1 (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2006-06-08 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | 投射型表示装置 |
-
2005
- 2005-12-01 WO PCT/JP2005/022106 patent/WO2006059690A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-01 JP JP2006548008A patent/JP4670813B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-02 TW TW094142585A patent/TW200630667A/zh unknown
-
2009
- 2009-09-18 JP JP2009216981A patent/JP4900438B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPH0627320A (ja) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-02-04 | Nec Corp | 複屈折回折格子型偏光子 |
| JP2001281615A (ja) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-10-10 | Seiko Epson Corp | 投射型表示装置 |
| JP2003066232A (ja) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-05 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 複層回折型偏光子および複合型液晶素子 |
| JP2004184889A (ja) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 投射型映像表示装置 |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009294679A (ja) * | 2004-12-02 | 2009-12-17 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 投射型表示装置 |
| JP2008070567A (ja) * | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-27 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 表示装置 |
| JP2012190053A (ja) * | 2006-10-16 | 2012-10-04 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 投射型表示装置 |
| JP2010078727A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-04-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 投写型映像表示装置 |
| WO2014010200A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光学素子、光学装置および表示装置 |
| JPWO2014010200A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-10 | 2016-06-20 | 日本電気株式会社 | 光学素子、光学装置および表示装置 |
| CN111399328A (zh) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | 一种照明装置和投影显示系统 |
| CN112433289A (zh) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-02 | 山东理工大学 | 多方向亚波长金属光栅偏振器阵列加工方法以及加工系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4900438B2 (ja) | 2012-03-21 |
| JPWO2006059690A1 (ja) | 2008-06-05 |
| TW200630667A (en) | 2006-09-01 |
| JP2009294679A (ja) | 2009-12-17 |
| JP4670813B2 (ja) | 2011-04-13 |
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