Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
  • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
  • D21H11/20—Chemically or biochemically modified fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
  • D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
  • D21C9/002—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
  • D21H17/25—Cellulose
  • D21H17/26—Ethers thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
  • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
  • D21H17/28—Starch
  • D21H17/29—Starch cationic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
  • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
  • D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for producing a paper or board product wherein the furnish used is partially treated with polymers in steps.
• Paper and board products having high bulk require a smaller amount of fibers, which is desirable especially for economical reasons.
• Bulky board products with low fiber content have better bending stiffness.
• Paper and board products are typically produced by dewatering furnish on a wire. The furnish often contains a mixture of different pulps, including both chemical pulps and mechanical pulps. In order to produce a bulkier sheet with higher structural stiffness the interest in using mechanical pulps with high freeness has increased. To obtain the best result the mechanical pulp should contain long, intact fibers and as little fine material as possible. However, pulps that are rich in stiff, long fibers unfortunately show poor ability to produce sufficient fiber bonding of the paper or board. The bulk and strength properties of the resulting paper or board will therefore be a compromise between the ability of the pulp to increase the bulk and its ability to increase the fiber bonding properties of the paper or board.
• the fiber bonding properties of mechanical pulp may also be improved by treatment with chemical additives.
• the predominant treatment for improving strength, particularly dry strength, of paper or board has so far been to add cationic starch to the pulp fiber slurry prior to the sheet forming operation. It is however difficult to adsorb large amounts of starch to the fibers, especially when the fines amount is small.
• the cationic starch molecules added to the pulp slurries can adhere to the naturally anionic pulp fibers by electrostatic attraction and thus be retained in the wet fiber mat and remain in the final paper or board.
• the first is that the cationic starch molecules can overwhelm the anionic charge on the cellulose fibers, thus setting a limit on the amount of cationic starch which can be added to the slurry. If an excess of cationic starch is added, only a portion of the starch which is added will be retained in the sheet and the rest will circulate in the paper or board machine white water system.
• a second problems is that fibers which have been made cationic by excessive cationic starch addition, will not be able to adsorb other cationic additives which are commonly added the to the pulp slurry, such as sizing agents.
• Another method to enhance the strength properties of paper is to treat the fibers with polymers.
• Such a method is described in WO 0032702 Al, in which particles, such as fibers, are provided with a multilayer coating of interacting polymers. The particles are treated in consecutive steps with solutions of the interacting polymers. Before each subsequent treatment step unabsorbed excess of the polymer of the previous step must be removed, unless the polymer amount added in each step is carefully controlled, such that substantially all polymer is absorbed to the particle surface and no excess remains.
• the object of the invention is to provide a method of producing paper or board, which has an improved strength, without adversely affecting the bulk.
• the present invention concerns a process for producing a paper or board product, which process comprises providing a furnish comprising fibers; subjecting a first portion (1) of the furnish to polymer treatment, in which polymers are added to the furnish in at least two steps; blending said polymer treated first portion with an untreated second portion (2) of the furnish; and dewatering the furnish on a wire to form a fiber web.
• Said first furnish portion preferably comprises 20-80% by weight of the total furnish weight.
• said first furnish portion comprises the longest fibers present in the furnish.
• the polymer treatment is preferably performed on a first furnish portion which comprises sulphate or sulfite pulp from soft wood fibers.
• the furnish may comprise fillers and optionally other paper making additives, which fillers and additives may be added subsequent to the polymer treatment of said first furnish portion. Alternatively, fillers and additives may instead be added prior to the polymer treatment of said first furnish portion.
• the polymer used in each of the consecutive polymer treatment steps is preferably interacting with the polymer used in the subsequent step.
• the polymer treatment preferably includes one step in which cationic polymer is added, and at least one step in which anionic polymer is added.
• the cationic polymer is preferably cationic starch and the anionic polymer is preferably CMC.
• the polymer treatment comprises two to seven steps.
• the polymer treatment preferably comprises three to seven consecutive steps.
• the invention also relates to a paper or board product produced according to the process of the present invention.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the process of the present invention.
• Figure 2 is a diagram which shows a comparison of density and strength of paper produced according to the present invention and produced according to the prior art process.
• the invention relates to a process for producing paper or board from a furnish, of which a portion has been treated with polymers in at least two steps.
• the invention also relates to a paper or board product produced according to the process of the present invention.
• the present process for producing a paper or board product comprises providing a furnish comprising fibers; subjecting a first portion (1) of the furnish to polymer treatment, in which polymers are added to the furnish in at least two steps; blending said polymer treated first portion with an untreated second portion (2) of the furnish; and dewatering the furnish on a wire to form a fiber web.
• Said first furnish portion comprises 20-80% by weight of the total furnish weight, preferably 20- 50% of the total furnish weight. The percentage of the first portion is adjusted in order to achieve the desired strength and density of the product while keeping the amount of polymers added as low as possible.
• the appropriate amount of the first portion also depends on the properties of the furnish of the first portion as well as of the second portion.
• the furnish typically contains a mixture of different kinds of pulp, for example chemical pulp (hardwood pulp, softwood pulp, sulphate pulp or sulfite pulp) or mechanical pulp (CTMP or TMP).
• said first furnish portion comprises the longest fibers present in the furnish.
• the polymer treatment is preferably performed on a first furnish portion which comprises sulphate or sulfite pulp, since these pulps comprise long fibers as compared to other pulps. Treatment of a furnish portion comprising sulphate or sulfite pulp is therefore a convenient way of selecting a long fiber portion of the final blended furnish.
• first furnish portion which is subjected to polymer treatment can comprise any part of the furnish.
• the furnish may also comprise fillers and optionally other paper making additives, which fillers and additives may be added subsequent to the polymer treatment of said first furnish portion.
• fillers and additives may instead be added prior to the polymer treatment of said first furnish portion.
• Some paper and board qualities contain filler or other additives which improves the surface properties of the paper.
• the filler particles also affect the strength of the paper in a negative way.
• One theory is that when a furnish containing filler and additives is treated with polymers according to the invention, filler particles and additives bond stronger to other particles or to the fibers, and consequently a high filler content does not affect the strength of the paper to the same extent.
• the polymer used in each of the consecutive polymer treatment steps is preferably interacting with the polymer used in the subsequent step, thereby enabling a larger amount of polymers to be attached to the fibers and thus results in increased strength of the final paper or board product.
• the polymer treatment preferably includes one step in which anionic polymer is added, and at least one step in which cationic polymer is added. By alternating anionic and cationic polymer coatings interacting polymer layers may be obtained.
• the anionic polymer may be one or more chosen from the group consisting of: carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinyl sulphate, anionic galactoglucomannan, anionic starch, polyphosphoric acid, alginate and polymethacrylic acid.
• the anionic polymer is preferably CMC, since it interact well with cationic polymers as well as it is economically beneficial, due to its low cost.
• the cationic polymer may be one or more chosen from the group consisting of: cationic starch, polyvinyl amine, chitosan, primary and secondary amines, polyethylene imines, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and modified poly aery 1 amides.
• the cationic polymer is preferably cationic starch, which is advantageous because it results in a board or paper having enhanced strength properties and is economically beneficial, due to its low price and easy availability.
• the polymer treatment preferably comprises two to seven consecutive steps.
• the optimal number of steps depends on what properties of the paper or board that are desired and on the properties of the furnish being treated. The more steps the treatment consists of, the bigger amount polymers are added and thus retained in the paper or board. Often it is a balance between the cost and the desired properties, for example strength of the paper or board. There is usually a limit when it is not longer cost effective to add more polymers seeing to the improvement of the desired properties, for example increase of strength of the paper or board manufactured. It is preferred to add cationic polymer in the first step of the polymer treatment and to add anionic polymer in the subsequent and to continue with alternate addition of cationic and anionic polymers until the desired amount of polymers have been added in a desired number of steps.
• the furnish need not be washed between the polymer treatment steps. Any unabsorbed excess of polymer added in the preceding step can remain in the furnish and need not be rinsed away. Washing between the polymer treatment steps has not been shown to enhance the properties of the resulting product. It is thus advantageous to subject the first furnish portion to each of the polymer treatment steps without any intermediate washing. Thereby an unnecessary step may be avoided and a faster process will be achieved, having lower water consumption.
• After each polymer treatment step there should be sufficient time and mixing for the polymer to be absorbed to the fibers of the first furnish portion. A time period of at least 5 seconds between each polymer treatment step is suitable. The optimal time depends on the capacity of the mixing of the equipment.
• the polymer of each polymer treatment step can be added to the furnish in a pulp vessel, such as a pulp chest, or in-line in a furnish transport pipe, or a combination thereof. Where to add the polymer depends on the equipment available and where it is possible to make the addition practically.
• a pulp vessel such as a pulp chest
• in-line in a furnish transport pipe or a combination thereof.
• the pipe is long enough to allow both thorough blending of polymer and pulp, and to allow enough time between the addition step for the polymer to be absorbed or an in-line mixer can be used to ensure good mixing in the pipe.
• the amount of polymer to be added varies depending of the properties of the pulp.
• the amount of cationic starch added in each step is typically between 5-25 kg/ton and the amount of CMC added in each step is typically between 0.25-3 kg/ton.
• the amount polymers added to the furnish may be controlled by measuring the z ⁇ potential or cationic demand measurement of the pulp. Even if an excess amount of added polymer is not detrimental to the final result, it is of course advantageous to add an amount of polymer that is close to what can be absorbed by the pulp, both for economical and environmental reasons.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic description of the process according to one embodiment of the invention.
• furnish for production of paper or board is transferred to pulp chest 1, 2 respectively.
• the furnish transferred and contained to the first pulp chest 1 is designated the first furnish portion
• the furnish transferred and contained in the second pulp chest 2 is designated the second furnish portion.
• the first furnish portion is subjected to polymer treatment in three steps.
• the second portion of furnish is not subjected to any polymer treatment.
• a cationic polymer such as cationic starch
• an anionic polymer is added to the furnish in the first pulp chest 1.
• the second polymer treatment step 5 is initiated at least 5 seconds after the first polymer addition.
• the pulp chest is equipped with an agitator, making sure that the furnish is sufficiently blended with the added polymer.
• the furnish is conducted from pulp chest 1 to a headbox 3.
• the third polymer treatment step is carried out by the addition of a cationic polymer (e.g. cationic starch) 6 in-line through an in-line mixer 7 in the conducting furnish pipe, which in-line mixer is placed downstream the conducting pipe but upstream the headbox.
• a cationic polymer e.g. cationic starch
• the polymer treated first portion of the furnish is blended with the second furnish portion, which is provided from pulp chest 2 at a point between the valve and the headbox.
• the furnish is then conducted from the headbox onto a wire where it is dewatered and further treated in a manner known in the art in order to produce paper or board.
• Samples 2, 4 and 6 were subjected as a whole to the polymer treatment in their entirety.
• Samples 8, 10 and 12 were divided into a first portion, which comprised only sulphate pulp and a second portion, which comprised only CTMP.
• the first portion of each sample (sulphate pulp) was subjected to polymer treatment, whereas the second portion of each sample (CTMP) remained untreated.
• the first and second portions were then blended with each other.
• Samples 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 were not subjected to any polymer treatment.
• Sheets were then prepared by dewatering the furnish and density (STFI density) and Scott-Bond were determined for all sheets. Scott-Bond is a measure of the strength in the z-direction of the sheet. The results are shown in Table I and in the diagram in Figure 2.
• Table I shows the increase of Scott-Bond and density in percent comparing the untreated sample with the sample that has been treated with polymers in three steps.
• the density has increased with 14% and the Scott-Bond value with 58%.
• the density has only increased with 3,5% and the strength with 45%. Consequently, even though only 20% of the furnish is treated with polymers, the Scott-Bond value still has increased with 45%, compared to 58% when the whole furnish has been treated, and the bulk has only increased with 3,5%, compared to 14%. .
• Figure 2 shows the Scott-Bond values of sheets made from the furnish samples. Lines have been drawn between the value for each untreated sample and its equivalent corresponding polymer-treated sample. Solid lines in the diagram depict samples where the entire furnish was subjected to polymer treatment. Dashed lines depict samples where only the sulphate portion of the furnish was subjected to polymer treatment. A steeper inclination of the lines indicates a higher strength increase at a lower density increase.
• the dashed lines have a steeper inclination than the solid lines. Subjecting only the sulphate portion of the furnish to polymer treatment thus results in a substantial strength increase while the density remains almost constant. As shown with solid lines, when the entire furnish is subjected to polymer treatment the increase in strength is greater than that observed after partial treatment, however the density of the sheets formed with the entirely treated furnish also increases to a larger extent than observed after partial treatment.
• a board consisting of three layers was manufactured.
• the furnish forming the top and bottom layers of the board consisted of 50% hardwood pulp and 50% softwood pulp with a SR number of approximately 27.
• the furnish forming the center ply of the board consisted of 55% CTMP and 45% of a mixture, hereinafter referred to as mixture portion, which mixture portion consisted of approximately 55% bleached softwood pulp, 15 % bleached hardwood pulp and 30% CTMP.
• a board consisting of CTMP and said mixture portion in the center ply represents a typical liquid packaging board.
• the amount of polymer added in each step was determined by measuring the z- potential. First, small additions of cationic starch were added and the z-potential was continuously measured, when the z-potential was stabilized it indicated that it would be a suitable addition amount. Thereafter, anionic CMC was added in the same way, and when the z-potential was close to zero it indicated that that addition amount would be suitable. The amount of polymers added in the following step was determined in the same way. No wash of the furnish were performed between the polymer additions.
• Diagram 1 Scott Bond of the board compared to the added amount of starch. It is shown in Diagram 1 that the strength of the board, when only the mixture part of the furnish has been treated with polymers in three steps, is even higher than the board where the entire furnish has been treated with polymers in three steps, even though the amount of starch added is less.
• Diagram 2 shows the results of the measured Scott-Bond values compared to the density.

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• 2005
  • 2005-10-13 ES ES05792428T patent/ES2377754T3/es active Active
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  • 2005-10-13 NZ NZ554090A patent/NZ554090A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-10-13 WO PCT/SE2005/001520 patent/WO2006041401A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2005-10-13 DK DK05792428.4T patent/DK1799905T3/da active
  • 2005-10-13 US US11/665,229 patent/US20080023164A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-10-13 CN CN2005800352226A patent/CN101040083B/zh active Active
  • 2005-10-13 JP JP2007536653A patent/JP4976300B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-10-13 RU RU2007117910/12A patent/RU2367739C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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