WO2006040984A1 - レーザ加工方法 - Google Patents
レーザ加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006040984A1 WO2006040984A1 PCT/JP2005/018464 JP2005018464W WO2006040984A1 WO 2006040984 A1 WO2006040984 A1 WO 2006040984A1 JP 2005018464 W JP2005018464 W JP 2005018464W WO 2006040984 A1 WO2006040984 A1 WO 2006040984A1
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- laser beam
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- laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/0665—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by beam condensation on the workpiece, e.g. for focusing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/50—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
- B23K26/53—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece for modifying or reforming the material inside the workpiece, e.g. for producing break initiation cracks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D5/00—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor
- B28D5/0005—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor by breaking, e.g. dicing
- B28D5/0011—Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semiconductor material; apparatus or devices therefor by breaking, e.g. dicing with preliminary treatment, e.g. weakening by scoring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/40—Semiconductor devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser processing method used for cutting a plate-like workpiece.
- Non-Patent Document 1 As a method of cutting a workpiece by laser processing, there is one described in Non-Patent Document 1 below.
- This laser processing method described in Non-Patent Document 1 cuts a silicon wafer, uses laser light having a wavelength of about 1 m that is transmitted by silicon, and condenses the laser light inside the wafer. In this method, a modified layer is formed continuously and cut using it as a trigger.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Kazuhisa Arai, “Laser dicing processing on semiconductor wafers”, Journal of Artillery Processing, Vol. 47, No. 5, 2003 MAY. 229—231
- the modified region is modified inward by a predetermined distance from the incident surface.
- the quality region may not be formed with high accuracy. In such a case, the cutting accuracy of the workpiece is reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a laser that enables high-precision cutting of a plate-shaped workpiece whose incident surface of the processing laser beam is an uneven surface.
- the purpose is to provide a processing method.
- the laser processing method of the present invention is intended to cut the processing object by irradiating the processing laser light with the focusing point inside the plate-shaped processing object.
- the processing laser beam is irradiated along a portion on the surface of the convex region in the line to be cut, the processing target is exposed to the outside.
- the focusing point is aligned with the outside of the object to be processed when the processing laser light is irradiated along the part of the concave area in the planned cutting line.
- the first and second modified regions are separately provided at a predetermined distance inward from the concave region surface and the convex region surface of the processing laser light incident surface on the processing object. Form in the process. For this reason, even if the planned cutting line extends over the concave area surface and the convex area surface of the incident surface, the first modified area is accurately placed in the concave area surface force a predetermined distance in the first step. In the second step, the second modified region can be formed with high precision inside the convex region surface force a predetermined distance. Therefore, according to the laser processing method of the present invention, it is possible to cut a plate-shaped processing target object whose incident surface of the processing laser beam is an uneven surface with high accuracy.
- the predetermined distance between the concave region surface and the first modified region and the predetermined distance between the convex region surface and the second modified region may be the same or different from each other. Also good. Further, the order of performing the first step and the second step is not particularly limited. For example, the second step may be performed after performing the first step! /, And the first step may be performed after the second step.
- the condensing point of the processing laser light on the concave area surface force a predetermined distance inside
- the irradiation conditions of the processing laser light are fixed when the processing laser light irradiation conditions are changed along the part of the projected area on the cutting line.
- the focal point of the processing laser light is positioned within a predetermined distance of the convex region surface force. Change the irradiation conditions of the processing laser beam to It is preferable to fix the irradiation condition of the processing laser beam when irradiating the processing laser beam along the portion of the concave area surface in the process.
- the processing laser light is irradiated along the portion on the concave region surface in the planned cutting line in the first step. It is possible to follow the displacement of the incident surface in the thickness direction (for example, unevenness and waviness of the incident surface).
- the focusing point of the processing laser light is surely positioned outside the target object. Can be made.
- the position of the condensing point of the laser beam for processing is It is possible to follow the displacement of the incident surface in the thickness direction (for example, unevenness and waviness of the incident surface).
- the focusing point of the processing laser light is surely positioned outside the workpiece. be able to.
- the workpiece after forming the first and second modified regions, it is preferable to cut the workpiece along the line to be cut. As a result, the workpiece can be cut with high precision along the planned cutting line.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of an object to be processed in a laser cage by the laser cage method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the cache object shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of an object to be processed after laser processing by the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of the workpiece shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V—V of the workpiece shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of a processing object cut by the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between electric field strength and crack spot size in the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a workpiece in a crack region forming step when the workpiece is cut using the laser machining method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an object to be processed in a crack growth process when the object to be processed is cut using the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an object to be processed in a crack growth process when the object to be processed is cut using the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a processing object in a cutting process when the processing object is cut using the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a photograph of a cross section of a part of a silicon wafer cut by the laser cage method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength of laser light and the transmittance inside the silicon substrate in the laser processing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a processing object in the laser processing method of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows XV—XV in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the object to be processed in the first step of the laser processing method of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of a workpiece after the first step of the laser processing method of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of an object to be processed in the second step of the laser processing method of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of a workpiece after the second step of the laser processing method of the present embodiment.
- the intensity of the laser beam is determined by the peak power density (WZcm 2 ) at the focal point of the laser beam.
- WZcm 2 peak power density
- multiphoton absorption occurs when the peak density is 1 X 10 8 (WZcm 2 ) or more.
- the peak power density is calculated by (energy per pulse of laser beam at the focal point) ⁇ (laser beam beam cross-sectional area X pulse width).
- the intensity of the laser beam is determined by the electric field intensity (WZcm 2 ) at the condensing point of the laser beam.
- a surface 3 of a wafer-like (plate-like) workpiece 1 has a scheduled cutting line 5 for cutting the workpiece 1.
- the planned cutting line 5 is a virtual line extending straight.
- the modified region 7 is irradiated with the laser beam L with the focusing point P aligned inside the workpiece 1 under the condition that multiphoton absorption occurs.
- the condensing point P is a part where the laser beam is condensed.
- the planned cutting line 5 is not limited to a straight line, but may be a curved line, or may be a line actually drawn on the workpiece 1 without being limited to a virtual line.
- the condensing point P is moved along the planned cutting line 5 by relatively moving the laser light L along the planned cutting line 5 (that is, in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1). .
- the modified region 7 moves along the planned cutting line 5. 1, this modified region 7 becomes the cutting start region 8.
- the cutting starting point region 8 means a region that becomes a starting point of cutting (cracking) when the workpiece 1 is cut.
- This cutting starting point region 8 may be formed by continuously forming the modified region 7 or may be formed by intermittently forming the modified region 7.
- the laser processing method does not form the modified region 7 by causing the processing object 1 to generate heat when the processing object 1 absorbs the laser light L.
- Processed object 1 mm Laser beam L is transmitted and multiphoton absorption is generated inside the processed object 1 to form a modified region 7. Therefore, since the laser beam L is hardly absorbed by the surface 3 of the workpiece 1, the surface 3 of the workpiece 1 is not melted.
- the other is that by forming the cutting start region 8, it naturally cracks in the cross-sectional direction (thickness direction) of the workpiece 1 starting from the cutting start region 8, resulting in the processing target This is the case where object 1 is cut.
- this can be achieved by forming the cutting start region 8 by the modified region 7 in one row, and when the thickness of the workpiece 1 is large.
- This can be achieved by forming the cutting start region 8 by the modified region 7 formed in a plurality of rows in the thickness direction. Even in this natural cracking, a cutting start region 8 is formed at the location to be cut, where the crack does not run on the surface 3 of the portion corresponding to the portion where the cutting start region 8 is not formed.
- the cleaving can be controlled well.
- the thickness of the workpiece 1 such as a silicon wafer tends to be thin, such a cleaving method with good controllability is very effective.
- the modified regions formed by multiphoton absorption include the following cases (1) to (3).
- the modified region is a crack region including one or more cracks
- the laser beam is irradiated under the condition that the electric field intensity at the focal point is 1 ⁇ 10 8 (WZcm 2 ) or more and the pulse width is 1 ⁇ s or less.
- the magnitude of the pulse width is a condition that allows a crack region to be formed only inside the workpiece without causing extra damage to the surface of the workpiece while causing multiphoton absorption.
- a phenomenon called optical damage due to multiphoton absorption occurs inside the workpiece.
- This optical damage induces thermal strain inside the workpiece, thereby forming a crack region inside the workpiece.
- the upper limit value of the electric field strength is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 12 (W / cm 2 ).
- the pulse width is preferably lns to 200 ns.
- the formation of the crack region by multiphoton absorption is described in, for example, “Inside of glass substrate by solid-state laser harmonics” on pages 23-28 of the 45th Laser Thermal Processing Workshop Proceedings (December 1998). It is described in “Marking”.
- the present inventor obtained the relationship between the electric field strength and the size of the crack by experiment.
- the experimental conditions are as follows.
- the laser beam quality is TEM.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the experiment.
- the horizontal axis is the peak power density. Since the laser beam is a pulsed laser beam, the electric field strength is expressed by the peak power density.
- the vertical axis shows the size of the crack part (crack spot) formed inside the workpiece by 1 pulse of laser light. Crack spots gather to form a crack region. The size of the crack spot is the size of the maximum length of the crack spot shape.
- the data indicated by the black circles in the graph is when the condenser lens (C) has a magnification of 100 and the numerical aperture (NA) is 0.80.
- the data indicated by white circles in the graph is for the case where the magnification of the condenser lens (C) is 50 times and the numerical aperture (NA) is 0.55. From the peak power density of about lO ⁇ WZcm 2 ), it can be seen that a crack spot is generated inside the cache object, and the crack spot increases as the peak power density increases.
- FIG. 8 Under the condition that multiphoton absorption occurs, the condensing point P is aligned inside the workpiece 1 and the laser beam L is irradiated to form a crack region 9 along the planned cutting line.
- the crack region 9 is a region including one or more cracks.
- the crack region 9 thus formed becomes a cutting start region.
- the crack further grows starting from the crack region 9 (that is, starting from the cutting start region), and as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 when the workpiece 1 is cracked, the workpiece 1 is cut.
- a crack that reaches the front surface 3 and the back surface 21 of the workpiece 1 may grow naturally, or may grow when a force is applied to the workpiece 1.
- the reforming region is a melting region Condition where the focusing point is set inside the object to be processed (for example, a semiconductor material such as silicon) and the electric field strength at the focusing point is 1 X 10 8 (WZcm 2 ) or more and the pulse width is 1 ⁇ s or less.
- the laser beam is irradiated with.
- the inside of the workpiece is locally heated by multiphoton absorption. By this heating, a melt processing region is formed inside the workpiece.
- the melt treatment region is a region once solidified after melting, a region in a molten state, or a region re-solidified from a molten state, and can also be referred to as a phase-changed region or a region where the crystal structure has changed.
- the melt-processed region can also be referred to as a region in which one structure is changed to another in a single crystal structure, an amorphous structure, or a polycrystalline structure.
- a region changed to a single crystal structural force amorphous structure a region changed from a single crystal structure to a polycrystalline structure, a region changed to a structure including a single crystal structural force amorphous structure and a polycrystalline structure. means.
- the melt processing region has, for example, an amorphous silicon structure.
- the upper limit value of the electric field strength is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 12 (WZcm 2 ).
- the pulse width is preferably lns to 200 ns.
- the inventor has confirmed through experiments that a melt-processed region is formed inside a silicon wafer.
- the experimental conditions are as follows.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a photograph of a cross section of a part of a silicon wafer cut by a laser cage under the above conditions.
- a melt processing region 13 is formed inside the silicon wafer 11.
- the size in the thickness direction of the melt processing region 13 formed under the above conditions is about 100 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength of the laser beam and the transmittance inside the silicon substrate. However, the reflection component on the front side and the back side of the silicon substrate is removed, and the transmittance only inside is shown. The above relationship was shown for each of the silicon substrate thicknesses t of 50 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m, and 1000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate is 500 m or less at the wavelength of 1064 nm of the Nd: YAG laser, it can be understood that 80% or more of the laser light is transmitted inside the silicon substrate. Since the thickness of the silicon wafer 11 shown in FIG. 12 is 350 m, the melt processing region 13 by multiphoton absorption is formed near the center of the silicon wafer 11, that is, at a portion of 175 m from the surface. In this case, the transmittance is 90% or more with reference to a silicon wafer having a thickness of 200 m. Therefore, the laser beam is hardly absorbed inside the silicon wafer 11, and almost all is transmitted.
- melt processing region 13 is formed by multiphoton absorption.
- the formation of the melt processing region by multiphoton absorption is, for example, “Evaluation of processing characteristics of silicon by picosecond pulse laser” on pages 72 to 73 of the 66th Annual Meeting Summary (April 2000). It is described in.
- the silicon wafer generates cracks by applying force in the cross-sectional direction starting from the cutting start region formed by the melt processing region, and the crack reaches the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer. , Resulting in disconnection.
- the cracks that reach the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer may grow spontaneously, or force is applied to the silicon wafer. Sometimes it grows. Then, if the crack grows naturally on the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer, the crack grows from the state where the melt processing area forming the cutting origin area is melted, and the cutting origin area In some cases, cracks grow when the solidified region is melted from the molten state.
- the melt processing region is formed only inside the silicon wafer, and the melt processing region is formed only inside the cut surface after cutting as shown in FIG.
- the cutting start region is formed in the workpiece by the melt processing region, unnecessary cracking in which the cutting starting region line force is also not easily generated at the time of cleaving, so that the cleaving control becomes easy.
- the focusing point inside the workpiece eg glass
- the pulse width is made extremely short and multiphoton absorption is caused to occur inside the workpiece, the energy due to multiphoton absorption does not convert to thermal energy, and the ionic valence changes inside the workpiece, A permanent structural change such as crystallization or polarization orientation is induced to form a refractive index changing region.
- the upper limit value of the electric field strength is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 12 (WZcm 2 ).
- the pulse width is preferably less than Ins, more preferably less than lps.
- the formation of the refractive index change region by multiphoton absorption is described in, for example, “Femtosecond Laser Irradiation in Glasses” on pages 105 to 111 of the 42nd Laser Thermal Processing Workshop Papers (November 1997). Photo-induced structure formation ”.
- the cases of (1) to (3) have been described as the modified regions formed by multiphoton absorption.
- the cutting origin is considered in consideration of the crystal structure of the wafer-like workpiece and its cleavage property. If the region is formed in the following manner, the workpiece can be cut with a smaller force and a higher accuracy with the cutting starting region as a starting point.
- the cutting origin region in the direction along the (111) plane (first cleavage plane) or the (110) plane (second cleavage plane) Is preferably formed.
- the cutting start region in the direction along the (110) plane it is preferable to form the cutting start region in the direction along the (110) plane.
- the field of a substrate having a hexagonal crystal structure such as sapphire (Al 2 O 3).
- the direction in which the above-described cutting start region is to be formed (for example, the direction along the (111) plane in the single crystal silicon substrate) or! Is orthogonal to the direction in which the cutting start region is to be formed. If an orientation flat is formed on the substrate along the direction, it is possible to easily and accurately form the cutting start area along the direction in which the cutting start area is to be formed on the basis of the orientation flat. become.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a processing object in the laser processing method of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along arrows XV—XV in FIG.
- the workpiece 1 also has a substrate 4 force having a convex portion 4a and a concave portion 4b located between the convex portions 4a and 4a.
- a workpiece 1 examples include MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems).
- the thickness d of the substrate 4 is, for example, 300 ⁇ m at the position where the convex portion 4a exists, and is, for example, 100 m at the position where the concave portion 4b exists.
- An example of the substrate 4 is a silicon wafer.
- the surface of the substrate 4 on the convex portion 4a and concave portion 4b side is an incident surface r of the laser beam L (processing laser beam).
- the incident surface r is a concavo-convex surface including a convex region surface rl that is a top surface of the convex portion 4a and a concave region surface r2 that is a bottom surface of the concave portion 4b.
- the convex region surface rl corresponds to, for example, the top surface of the convex portion 4a having a rectangular cross section.
- the concave region surface r2 corresponds to the bottom surface of the concave portion 4b having a rectangular cross section, for example.
- a step in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1 is provided between the concave region surface r2 and the convex region surface rl.
- the height of the protrusion 4a (the height of the step r3) ⁇ is, for example, 200 m.
- the recess 4b may be formed by etching the workpiece 1 such as a silicon wafer.
- the constituent material of the convex portion 4a may be the same as or different from the constituent material of the substrate 4 other than the convex portion 4a.
- the protrusion 4a may be made of silicon oxide, and the portion of the substrate 4 other than the protrusion 4a may have silicon force.
- a die-sincrete is formed in a lattice shape over the concave region surface r2 and the convex region surface rl, and a planned cutting line 5 is set as a virtual line on the die cinder street.
- the planned cutting line 5 includes a part 51a on the convex area surface rl and a part 51b on the concave area surface r2. There will be power. Note that the planned cutting line 5 is for assuming a cutting point, and the die cinder street does not have to be formed on the workpiece 1.
- the cutting line 5 is composed of, for example, a line parallel to the orientation flat 6 of the substrate 4 and a vertical line line.
- 16 to 19 are partial cross-sectional views of the object to be processed after each step or after each step of the laser heating method of the present embodiment.
- the condensing point is outside the substrate 4.
- the condensing point P is located, for example, below the surface of the substrate 4 opposite to the incident surface r. In this case, the modified region is not formed inside the substrate 4.
- the modified region 71 (first modified region), which is the starting point of cutting, is formed inside the substrate 4 along the portion 51b on the concave region surface r2 in the planned cutting line 5. Formed.
- the modified region 71 is formed at a distance dl from the recessed region surface r2 in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1.
- the laser light L is collected by an objective lens 30 held by an actuator 32 that also serves as a piezo element or the like, for example.
- the actuator 32 is connected to a controller 39 for controlling the actuator 32.
- the position of the condensing point P in the thickness direction of the calocular object 1 can be adjusted.
- the position of the condensing point P also depends on the emission angle of the laser light L emitted from the objective lens 30, the thickness d of the substrate 4, and the refractive index of the constituent material of the substrate 4.
- the irradiation condition of the laser beam L is set as follows. Preferably fixed Good.
- the laser beam L is located at a distance dl from the concave region surface r2. It is preferable to change the irradiation condition of the laser beam L so that the condensing point P of L is located.
- the irradiation condition of the laser beam L include the position of the objective lens 30 in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1. The position of the objective lens 30 is adjusted by controlling the expansion / contraction amount of the actuator 32 by the controller 39.
- the actuator 32 when the laser beam L is irradiated along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5, the actuator 32 is expanded or contracted. Stop and fix the position of the objective lens 30 in the thickness direction of the object 1 to be fixed, and ensure that the focal point P of the laser beam L is positioned outside the object 1
- the position of the objective lens 30 is set to the concave region.
- the surface r2 is displaced so as to follow minute irregularities and undulations (both from several / zm to several tens / zm).
- the modified region 71 can be formed at a certain position inside the distance dl from the concave region surface r2 along the portion 51b on the concave region surface r2 in the planned cutting line 5. That is, the modified region 71 is formed inside the concave region surface so as to follow the displacement of the incident surface r in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1.
- the irradiation condition of the laser beam L is changed between the concave region surface r2 and the convex region surface rl, that is, at the level of the step r3, or is changed to a state where the fixed state force is also changed. It is preferable to switch from a fixed state to a fixed state.
- a fixed state As a result, when the laser beam L is radiated along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5, it is easy to reliably align the condensing point P with the outside of the workpiece 1 Become. This is particularly effective when the height ⁇ of the convex portion 4a is as large as 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the modified surface is formed so that the modified region is formed at a position a certain distance inward from the incident surface r.
- the position of the objective lens 30 can be adjusted (autofocus mechanism) according to the displacement of r.
- the height ⁇ of the convex portion 4a is large, the driving amount and driving time of the actuator 32 become large, and it becomes difficult to drive the objective lens 30 following the step r3.
- the concave area surface r 2 is such that the position of the condensing point P is inside the workpiece 1 (more preferably near the position where the modified region 71 is formed), and on the convex region surface rl, the position of the condensing point P is processed.
- the position of the objective lens 30 is set so as to be outside the object 1, and this position is a fixed position of the objective lens 30 when the laser light L passes through the convex area surface rl, and is also determined by the actuator 32.
- the modified region 71 can be formed at an accurate position inside the workpiece 1. .
- the number of columns of the force reforming region in which one row of the reforming region 71 is formed in the first step is not limited to this.
- two or more modified regions may be formed.
- the condensing point P is formed inside the substrate 4. And irradiate with laser beam L.
- a modified region 72 (second modified region) serving as a starting point of cutting is formed inside the substrate 4 along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5.
- the modified region 72 is formed inside the distance d2 from the convex region surface rl in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1.
- the condensing point is outside the substrate 4. Irradiate laser beam L together with P.
- the condensing point P is located, for example, above the incident surface r of the substrate 4. In this case, the modified region is not formed inside the substrate 4.
- a portion 51 on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5 When irradiating the laser beam L along a, it is preferable to change the irradiation condition of the laser beam L so that the condensing point P of the laser beam L is located inside the distance d2 from the convex region surface rl.
- the irradiation condition of the laser beam L may be fixed. Preferred. Examples of the irradiation condition of the laser light L include the position of the objective lens 30 in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1. The position of the objective lens 30 is adjusted by controlling the expansion / contraction amount of the actuator 32 by the controller 39.
- the objective lens 30 When the laser light L is irradiated along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the cutting scheduled line 5, the objective lens 30 The position is displaced so as to follow the fine irregularities and waviness (several / zm to several tens / zm) of the convex region surface rl.
- the modified region 72 can be formed at a certain position inside the distance d2 from the convex region surface rl along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5.
- the modified region 72 is formed inside the convex region surface rl so as to follow the displacement of the incident surface r in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 18 (b), when the laser beam L is irradiated along the portion 5 lb on the concave region surface r2 in the cutting planned line 5, the expansion and contraction of the actuator 32 is stopped to ⁇ The position of the objective lens 30 in the thickness direction of the object 1 is fixed at a fixed position, and the position of the condensing point P of the laser beam L is surely positioned outside the object 1 to be processed.
- the irradiation condition of the laser beam L is changed from the changed state to the fixed state or fixed between the concave region surface r2 and the convex region surface rl, that is, at the position of the step r3. It is preferable to switch to a state in which the state force is also changed.
- the laser beam L is irradiated along the portion 5 lb on the concave area surface r2 in the planned cutting line 5
- the modified surface is formed so that the modified region is formed at a position a certain distance inward from the incident surface r.
- the position of the objective lens 30 can be adjusted (autofocus mechanism) according to the displacement of r.
- the height ⁇ of the convex part 4a is large, the driving amount and driving time of the actuator 32 will increase, so the objective lens 30 is moved following the step r3. It becomes difficult to drive.
- the position of the condensing point P on the convex region surface r 1 is the inside of the workpiece 1 (more preferably near the position where the modified region 72 is formed).
- the position of the objective lens 30 is set so that the position of the condensing point P is outside the workpiece 1 on the concave area surface r2, and this position is the position where the laser light L is concave surface r2.
- the modified region 72 is formed at a position a fixed distance from the convex region surface rl by following the fine irregularities and undulations of the incident surface r by the actuator 32 by the actuator 32. Therefore, it becomes a reference position for driving the objective lens 30.
- the objective lens 30 is moved from the concave region surface r2 to the convex region surface rl, or the objective lens 30 is moved from the convex region surface rl to the concave region surface r2.
- the modified region 72 can be formed at an accurate position inside the workpiece 1. .
- the modified regions 73 to 77 are sequentially formed toward the incident surface r side by a method similar to the method of forming the modified region 72.
- the modified regions 73 to 77 are formed along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5.
- the modified regions 72 to 77 are arranged apart from each other in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1.
- the six modified regions 72 to 77 are formed in the second step, but the number of the modified regions is not limited to this.
- the modified region may be formed in only one row, or may be formed in two or more rows. It is preferable that the number of rows in the modified region is appropriately set according to the height ⁇ H of the convex portion 4a.
- the reformed regions 71 to 77 may have a continuously formed reformed region force as in the above-described reformed region 7, or may be intermittently formed at predetermined intervals. It is a good idea that it consists of modified areas.
- an expansion film such as an expanded tape (not shown) is attached to the workpiece 1 and the expansion film is expanded by an expanding device (not shown).
- an expansion film may be attached to the workpiece 1 before the modified regions 71 to 77 are formed.
- the processing object 1 may be cut using not only the expansion of the expansion film but also other stress applying means.
- the expanded tape The adjacent processed sections are separated so as to widen the interval between the processed sections by expanding the expansion film. In this way, the workpiece 1 can be cut along the scheduled cutting line 5 with high accuracy.
- the modified regions 71 and 72 are separately provided inside the workpiece 1 on the concave region surface r2 and the convex region surface rl of the incident surface r, respectively. Form in the process. For this reason, when the planned cutting line 5 extends over the concave area surface r2 and the convex area surface rl of the incident surface!:, In the first step, the modified area 71 is highly accurately located within the distance dl from the concave area surface r2. In the second step, the modified region 72 can be formed with high accuracy inside the distance d2 from the convex region surface rl. Therefore, according to the laser processing method of the present embodiment, it is possible to cut the workpiece 1 whose laser light L incident surface!: Is an uneven surface with high accuracy.
- the incident surface r with the measurement laser beam and determine the position of the step from the reflected light of the measurement laser beam.
- the astigmatism signal or the total light quantity signal of the reflected light is detected by a quadrant detection element used in the astigmatism method.
- the position of the step r3 can be determined based on the astigmatism signal of the reflected light or the total light quantity signal. For example, when the reflected light astigmatism signal exceeds a predetermined threshold value, or when the total light amount signal of the reflected light exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it can be determined that the position of the step r3 has been reached. . Note that when the condensing point of the measurement laser beam is located on the incident surface r, the astigmatism signal of the reflected light is almost the exit, and the total light amount signal of the reflected light is the maximum.
- the position of the step r3 is known, when the laser light L is moved along the planned cutting line 5, the position of the condensing point P of the laser light L is changed from the inside of the workpiece 1 to the outside, or The timing for moving the workpiece 1 from the outside to the inside can be determined. Further, the actuator 32 can determine the timing for changing the position of the objective lens 30 in the thickness direction of the cursor object 1 and the timing for fixing it. [0063] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
- the execution order of the first and second steps is not particularly limited.
- the first step may be performed after the second step.
- the reformed area 71 may be formed after the reformed areas 72 to 77 are formed!
- the direction in which the laser beam L moves is not particularly limited.
- the laser beam L is irradiated along the portion 5 lb on the concave region surface r2 in the planned cutting line 5
- the laser beam L is irradiated along the portion 51a on the convex region surface rl in the planned cutting line 5 It is good.
- the position of the condensing point P at the position of the step r3 is changed from the inside of the workpiece 1 to the outside, or from the outside of the workpiece 1 to the inside.
- the objective lens 30 may be moved largely in the thickness direction of the workpiece 1 when moving the workpiece. This is particularly effective when the height ⁇ of the convex portion 4a is small.
- the laser beam L having energy that is likely to form a modified region is used. If the position of the condensing point P is located outside the workpiece 1, the laser beam L having energy that is difficult to form the modified region may be used. As a result, damage due to the laser beam L can be further reduced in a portion of the inside of the workpiece 1 other than the portion where the modified region is formed. For example, by oscillating the laser beam L, the laser beam L having energy at which a modified region is easily formed can be obtained. Further, for example, by continuously oscillating the laser beam L, the modified region is formed, and the laser beam L having difficult energy can be obtained.
- the order of forming the modified regions 71 to 77 is not particularly limited.
- the reformed regions 7 7, 76, 75, 74, 73, 72, 71 may be formed on the river page! /.
- the modified regions 72 to 77 are sequentially formed toward the incident surface r side, the laser beam L can be prevented from being blocked by the already formed modified region.
- the modified regions 71 to 77 are not limited to being formed by multiphoton absorption generated inside the workpiece 1.
- the modified regions 71 to 77 may be formed by generating light absorption equivalent to multiphoton absorption inside the workpiece 1.
- the distance dl between the concave region surface r2 and the modified region 71 may be the same as the distance d2 between the convex region surface rl and the modified region 72! ! /, Even! /
- the position of the step r3 on the incident surface r may be measured in advance by a step meter, for example.
- the design value force of the workpiece 1 can also calculate the position of the step r3.
- the scale coordinates of the stage on which workpiece 1 is placed are taken into the laser light L controller, and the condensing point of laser light L at the position of step r3 P may move the internal force of the Karoe object 1 to the outside, or the focusing point P of the laser beam L may move from the outside of the object 1 to the inside.
- the laser light L irradiation condition may be changed from a changed state to a fixed state, or the laser light L irradiation condition may be changed to a fixed state force. Also good.
- the incident surface r is irradiated with the measurement laser light and the reflected light is measured, and the reflected light changing force position r3 Judging to judge.
- the force of using a silicon semiconductor wafer as the workpiece 1 is not limited to this.
- materials for semiconductor wafers include group IV element semiconductors other than silicon, compound semiconductors containing group IV elements such as SiC, compound semiconductors containing group IIIV elements, compound semiconductors containing group II VI elements, and further Various
- the workpiece 1 may be an SOI (Silicon-on-insulator) wafer in which an insulating layer is provided between the semiconductor device and the support substrate.
- SOI Silicon-on-insulator
- the present invention it is possible to provide a laser processing method that enables high-precision cutting of a plate-shaped processing target object whose processing laser light incident surface is an uneven surface.
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020077010657A KR101283162B1 (ko) | 2004-10-13 | 2005-10-05 | 레이저 가공 방법 |
US11/665,263 US7608214B2 (en) | 2004-10-13 | 2005-10-05 | Laser beam machining method |
EP05790460.9A EP1804280B1 (en) | 2004-10-13 | 2005-10-05 | Laser beam machining method |
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JP2004299193A JP4754801B2 (ja) | 2004-10-13 | 2004-10-13 | レーザ加工方法 |
JP2004-299193 | 2004-10-13 |
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WO2006040984A1 true WO2006040984A1 (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
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PCT/JP2005/018464 WO2006040984A1 (ja) | 2004-10-13 | 2005-10-05 | レーザ加工方法 |
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US (1) | US7608214B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1804280B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4754801B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101283162B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100472726C (ja) |
MY (1) | MY141077A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI366493B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006040984A1 (ja) |
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US7931849B2 (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2011-04-26 | Applied Micro Circuits Corporation | Non-destructive laser optical integrated circuit package marking |
JP2013152989A (ja) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-08 | Disco Abrasive Syst Ltd | ウエーハの加工方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1804280A1 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
KR20070084162A (ko) | 2007-08-24 |
EP1804280A4 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
CN100472726C (zh) | 2009-03-25 |
JP2006114627A (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
US7608214B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 |
KR101283162B1 (ko) | 2013-07-05 |
MY141077A (en) | 2010-03-15 |
TW200626274A (en) | 2006-08-01 |
TWI366493B (en) | 2012-06-21 |
CN101040369A (zh) | 2007-09-19 |
US20090039559A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
EP1804280B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
JP4754801B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
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