WO2006033390A1 - Couche de diffusion gazeuse pour pile a combustible - Google Patents

Couche de diffusion gazeuse pour pile a combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006033390A1
WO2006033390A1 PCT/JP2005/017481 JP2005017481W WO2006033390A1 WO 2006033390 A1 WO2006033390 A1 WO 2006033390A1 JP 2005017481 W JP2005017481 W JP 2005017481W WO 2006033390 A1 WO2006033390 A1 WO 2006033390A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
gas diffusion
diffusion layer
moisture
fuel cell
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PCT/JP2005/017481
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhiko Kudo
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National University Corporation Hokkaido University
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Publication of WO2006033390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006033390A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241—Composites
    • H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
    • H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas diffusion layer for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell capable of maintaining a constant water concentration in an electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell using the same.
  • Fuel cells are classified into alkali type, phosphoric acid type, molten carbonate type, solid electrolyte type, solid polymer type, and the like depending on the type of electrolyte used.
  • solid polymer fuel cells have advantages such as being usable at room temperature, short start-up time and high output, and high output density.
  • Small-scale distributed generation facilities, such as electric vehicle power supplies, have been developed for household power supplies!
  • the basics of a fuel cell are configured as a unit of a cell in which an anode electrode, a force sword electrode, and an electrolyte membrane serving as an ion conductor between the anode and the force sword are sandwiched by separators.
  • the electrode is composed of an electrode substrate (also called a current collector) that promotes gas diffusion and collects (supply) electricity, and an electrode catalyst layer that actually becomes an electrochemical reaction field.
  • the fuel gas reacts on the catalyst surface to generate protons and electrons, and the electrons are conducted to the electrode base material, and the protons are conducted to the electrolyte membrane.
  • protons conducted from the electrolyte membrane and electrons conducted from the electrode base material react with the acid gas on the surface of the catalyst layer to generate water.
  • the anode electrode has gas diffusivity, electron conductivity, ion conductivity.
  • the force sword electrode which requires the characteristics of good quality, is effective in draining the water generated in the catalyst layer in addition to the powerful characteristics, and at the same time, the moisture in the solid electrolyte membrane is accompanied by proton transfer.
  • Patent Document 1 JP-A-50-25808
  • Patent Document 2 Special 2004-134134
  • the carbon paper has lower conductivity in the thickness direction than in the in-plane direction, and is mechanically rigid, but is relatively brittle and poor in elasticity, or in the surface direction. Problems such as inferiority have been pointed out.
  • the insertion of a porous layer that suppresses the diffusion of moisture may cause flooding (flooding) near the gas outlet at high loads, that is, under conditions where a large amount of moisture is generated. It is necessary to add a layer having a gradient characteristic that reduces the ability to suppress moisture diffusion in the flow direction.
  • the water concentration in the electrolyte membrane may change with the fluctuation of water production due to battery output fluctuation.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-25808
  • Patent Document 2 JP 2004-134134 A
  • the present invention provides a layer containing a hydrophilic material capable of holding a certain amount of moisture and moisture quickly in response to the demand for draining and holding moisture in a force sword electrode of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Absorbs into the oxidative gas stream that flows outside the fiber and transpirations! It efficiently drains moisture generated on the side of the force sword electrode and has a layer consisting essentially of moisture-vaporizable conductive fibers that have the function of tanning and diffusing, and moderately drains the solid electrolyte membrane.
  • a gas diffusion layer that can be retained and a fuel cell having the diffusion layer are provided. Such a gas diffusion layer and a fuel cell can be described as follows.
  • a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell having a multilayer structure of a layer containing a hydrophilic material and a layer substantially made of moisture-vaporizable conductive fibers.
  • the fuel cell gas according to 2) which has a two-layer structure of a mixed layer containing a hydrophilic material and moisture-evaporating conductive fibers and a layer consisting of substantially high moisture-evaporating conductive fibers. Diffusion layer.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the mixed layer containing the hydrophilic material and the high moisture transpiration conductive fiber to the entire gas diffusion layer is 30% to 80%, 2) to 4) Gas diffusion layer for fuel cells.
  • a fuel cell comprising the gas diffusion layer according to any one of 1) to 5) sandwiched between a force sword catalyst layer and a separator.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus prepared for evaluating the performance of the gas diffusion layer of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the amount of water supply in the gas diffusion layer of Example 1 and the moisture content inside the gas diffusion layer.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the amount of water supply in the gas diffusion layer of Example 2 and the moisture content inside the gas diffusion layer.
  • the hydrophilic material in the present invention refers to a granular or fibrous resin or inorganic substance, such as polyacryl-tolyl resin, carbon fiber, ceramics, quartz glass, etc. in a chemical oxidation treatment or in an electrolyte. It means a material that has been rendered hydrophilic by a method such as electrolytic acid treatment.
  • the term “hydrophilic” means the property and the degree that the material can be covered with a water film. Specifically, the contact angle between water and processed material is defined as 30 degrees or less.
  • the hydrophilic material thus cured has conductivity.
  • Examples thereof include PAN-based carbon fibers obtained by carbonizing a polyacrylonitrile precursor, and pitch-based carbon fibers obtained by carbonizing a pitch precursor. These have excellent conductivity.
  • “conductivity” for a hydrophilic material is defined as 10 ⁇ 1 ⁇ cm or less as the specific resistance value of the hydrophilic material. Preferred for hydrophilic materials, conductivity below 10_ 2 Omega cm, particularly preferred U, conductivity is below 10_ 3 Omega cm
  • the layer containing the hydrophilic material contains granular or fibrous resin or inorganic substance in the entire layer, so that a large number of particles penetrating between the particles or between the fibers are used. It is considered that gas diffusion to the catalyst layer is rapidly performed through the voids and that the water content of the electrolyte membrane is kept constant by equilibrium with the water retained on the surface of the hydrophilic material.
  • the present invention is not restricted to strong reasoning.
  • the moisture transpirationable conductive fiber in the present invention means a fiber developed so as to have a high moisture transpiration ability, typically a fiber having an atypical cross section and imparted conductivity.
  • fibers having an irregular cross section include JP 2000-282323 A, JP 2004-019046 A, JP 2003-301322 A, JP 10-280232 A, or JP 2002- The quick-drying fiber etc. which were indicated by the 146626 gazette etc. can be mentioned.
  • Such a fiber has an atypical or non-circular shape (for example, a star shape) in the cross section of the fiber. Therefore, the surface area of the fiber is larger than that of the columnar fiber. As a result, it has a property of absorbing water that is in contact with the fiber due to capillary force, and that the absorbed water is evaporated and diffused over a wide area on the fiber surface.
  • moisture transpiration in the present invention means the water absorbability and moisture diffusibility inherently retained by such a fiber. If this is expressed by appropriate numerical values, characteristics that can be 60 ° C, to absorb transpiration of water woven lcm 2 per 0. 012Ml within one minute in an atmosphere of a relative humidity of 10% is taken as the void ratio of 70% to 90% of the fabric fibers Can be understood as
  • such a moisture transpirationable fiber further imparted with conductivity is used.
  • a fiber with an unusual cross section made of polyacrylic nitrile or the like that can be converted into carbon fiber is produced by a dry spinning method, which is flame-resistant and carbonized according to the preparation method of PAN-based carbon fiber, Carbon fiber can be used.
  • the conductivity mentioned here can be defined as the specific resistance value of the fiber after being processed is 10 _1 ⁇ cm or less.
  • the gas diffusion layer of the present invention comprises a thin layer obtained by mixing the above-mentioned hydrophilic material and an appropriate binder such as polyvinyl alcohol and atta-tolyl-based short fibers, and a water-evaporating conductive property. It can be produced by adhering a thin layer obtained by mixing fibers and a suitable binder.
  • the bonding may be a pressure bonding.
  • the pressure bonding may be performed by applying a pressure of 10 to 30 kgZcm 2 which is a surface pressure at the time of assembly of a normal polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
  • the layer containing the hydrophilic material is a mixed layer containing a hydrophilic material and moisture-vaporizable conductive fibers.
  • the mixed layer containing the hydrophilic material and the water-evaporating conductive fibers is composed of a fibrous resin or an inorganic material such as polyacryl-tolyl-based resin, carbon fiber, ceramics, quartz glass, and the like. It can be prepared by mixing a transpirationable conductive fiber into a thin layer and imparting hydrophilicity by chemical oxidation treatment or electrolytic oxidation in an electrolyte. For example, carbon short fibers and polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers (moisture-conducting conductive fibers) are mixed together with a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol or acrylonitrile-based short fibers to make paper.
  • the surface of a thin layer dried and baked by the method can be prepared by oxidation treatment in a 60% nitric acid aqueous solution.
  • a binder such as Teflon (registered trademark) powder is added to a granular powder or inorganic substance such as carbon powder or acid zirconium powder, and the mixture is suspended and mixed with water. It can be produced by mixing transpirationable conductive fibers, drying and firing, and forming a thin film.
  • the gas diffusion layer of the present invention can be produced by laminating the mixed layer thus prepared and a layer substantially composed of moisture-evaporating conductive fibers.
  • the bonding may be a pressure bonding. Crimping should be performed with a pressure of 10 to 30 kgZ cm 2 , which is the surface pressure when assembling a normal polymer electrolyte fuel cell!
  • granular or fibrous resin or inorganic material such as carbon fiber short fibers and moisture-vaporizable conductive fibers are mixed with a binder to form a thin layer by a papermaking method. It is also possible to make a mixture of conductive short fibers and a binder by a papermaking method, and then dry and calcinate this to make it hydrophilic. By doing so, it is possible to dispose the water-vaporizable conductive fibers so as to penetrate the gas diffusion layer and to cut through the gas diffusion layer, thereby allowing the water diffusion in the gas diffusion layer to be performed more efficiently.
  • the gas diffusion layer thus prepared can be used as it is in the production of a fuel cell, replacing the conventional gas diffusion layer used in a fuel cell.
  • the force sword electrode is placed below the anode electrode so that water that also generates force sword electrode force easily penetrates into the gas diffusion layer by the action of gravity. It is preferable to arrange them.
  • the gas diffusion layer of the present invention is disposed so that the layer containing the hydrophilic material is in contact with the force sword electrode. At this time, the moisture transpiration can be further improved by projecting the moisture transpiration conductive fiber into the force sword side separator groove from the surface of the layer substantially composed of the moisture transpiration conductive fiber.
  • the water production rate of a force cathode catalyst layer of a fuel cell is proportional to the output, when change in the output density force ⁇ ⁇ 0. 8AZcm 2, 0 ⁇ 0. It is known that changes 006gZcm 2 Zmin ing.
  • the water is generated in the gas diffusion layer.
  • Moisture transpiration capacity of min production rate (0 ⁇ 0.006g / cmVmin) or more is required.
  • the gas diffusion layer of the present invention has a moisture transpiration capacity of 0.008 gZcm 2 Zmin by adopting the above-described configuration, so that the problem of flooding does not actually occur.
  • a large amount of fuel cell was generated during the high power reaction of the fuel cell and filled in the void of the layer containing the hydrophilic material. Excess water is absorbed into the water-vaporizable conductive fibers and quickly removed from the voids, and is evaporated into the oxidant gas flowing through the separator flow path. It is assumed that a diffusion path to the layer can be secured.
  • a quick-drying fiber (trade name Swift, thickness 0.5mm, width 10cm, length 10cm) made of a modified cross-section acrylic fiber manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. was applied to the method of Ogawa et al. studies on tolyl system to increase productivity and functionality of carbon fibers "follow Heisei June 1995), 30 minutes after heating at a temperature of 270 ° C from 240 ° C under 50% oxygen atmosphere, further nitrogen The temperature was raised to 1300 ° C in a gas to form carbon fibers, and a thin layer of moisture transpiration fibers and conductive fibers was obtained.
  • the surface of the moisture-vaporizable conductive fiber was rendered hydrophilic by nitric acid oxidation according to the method of Fitzer et al. (Carbon, Vol. 18, pages 389-393, 1980).
  • Ja Pango ⁇ Tex Co. hydrophilic Kabonpeno (trade name CARBEL, thickness 0. 3 mm, horizontal 10 cm, vertical 10 cm) superposed, and pressed at a surface pressure of 10 to 30 kg / cm 2
  • a gas diffusion layer of the present invention was obtained.
  • a quick-drying fiber (trade name Swift) made of a modified cross-section acrylic fiber manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., Ogawa et al. (Hokkaido University degree thesis, "Research on productivity and functionality improvement of polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber” ”, June 1995), heated for 30 minutes at a temperature of 240 ° C to 270 ° C in a 50% oxygen atmosphere, and further heated to 1300 ° C in nitrogen gas to convert to carbon fiber. The fiber was cut to obtain short fibers of moisture-vaporizable conductive fibers having an average fiber length of 3 to 20 mm.
  • This short fiber and a carbon fiber having a circular cross section are mixed with a short fiber (average fiber length 3 to 20 mm) at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and further shortened.
  • a short fiber average fiber length 3 to 20 mm
  • For each 1 part by weight of the fiber mixture 0.3 part by weight of polybulualcohol was added and stirred in water at a concentration of 1% by weight and mixed homogeneously.
  • 0.24 g of a mixture comprising moisture-vaporizable conductive fibers, carbon fibers and a binder fiber is used to make a sheet of 10 cm in length, 10 cm in width, and 0.09 mm in thickness by a papermaking method.
  • This sheet is dried, pre-carbonized at 200 ° C to 800 ° C in an inert atmosphere, and further carbonized at 1500 ° C and 3000 ° C, followed by chemical oxidation with an aqueous solution containing 60 wt% nitric acid. (Boiled with 60% nitric acid for 5 hours) to hydrophilize the gas diffusion layer B (the ratio of the thickness of the mixed layer of hydrophilic material and moisture-vaporizable conductive fiber to the entire gas diffusion layer is 30%) Layer).
  • this sheet After drying this sheet, it was pre-carbonized at 200 ° C and 800 ° C in an inert atmosphere, and further carbonized at 1500 ° C to 3000 ° C, and then chemical oxidation with an aqueous solution containing 60 wt% nitric acid ( Boiled with 60% nitric acid for 5 hours to make it hydrophilic, and gas diffusion layer C (a gas with a ratio of the thickness of the mixed layer of hydrophilic material and water-vaporizable conductive fiber to the entire gas diffusion layer is 80%) Diffusion layer) was obtained.
  • an aqueous solution containing 60 wt% nitric acid Boiled with 60% nitric acid for 5 hours to make it hydrophilic
  • gas diffusion layer C a gas with a ratio of the thickness of the mixed layer of hydrophilic material and water-vaporizable conductive fiber to the entire gas diffusion layer is 80% Diffusion layer
  • a gas diffusion layer D (a gas diffusion layer, a comparative example in which only a mixed layer of a hydrophilic material and a water-vaporizable conductive fiber was used).
  • a moisture content evaluation apparatus schematically shown in Fig. 1 was prepared, and using this, a gas diffusion layer made of carbon paper subjected to conventional water-repellent treatment or hydrophilic treatment, and the present invention created in the examples were used.
  • the moisture content change in the layer was measured when the water supply was changed in response to the output of the fuel cell.
  • the moisture content evaluation apparatus in FIG. 1 includes a simulated anode tank having a water tank, a blower, and a heater.
  • the water tank is connected to the lower part of the anode tank via a constant flow pump.
  • the upper side surface of the anode tank has an open port, and the blower supplies an air flow passing through the open side of the anode tank in the lateral direction.
  • the anode tank has a repellent made of a polypropylene sintered filter plate manufactured by Filaen Co., Ltd. between the opening through which the air flow passes and the air flow passage and the water filled in the lower part of the anode tank. Separated by aqueous porous layer.
  • the operation of the present apparatus is as follows. That is, the water supplied to the lower part of the simulated anode tank by the constant flow pump is also heated to a temperature higher than the normal temperature (about 60 ° C) by the heater, so that the constant flow pump It is leached to the upper part of the same layer through the porous layer that separates the simulated anode tank, and is evaporated by the air flow heated to the same temperature as water. is there. Therefore, the porous layer surface is on the anode side catalyst layer surface of the fuel cell, the leaching water is the water generated on the anode side catalyst layer surface by the chemical reaction of the fuel cell, and the flow rate of the constant flow pump is proportional to the fuel cell output.
  • the amount of water generated in the anode side catalyst layer corresponds to the oxygen-containing gas flow in which the air flow is supplied to the force sword side catalyst layer.
  • the gas diffusion layer of the present invention produced in Example 1, a carbon-treated carbon paper (trade name CARBEL) manufactured by Japan Gore-Tex Co., Ltd., and a water-repellent carbon paper (both thickness 0.3 mm, length 10 cm) (10cm in width), each set on the porous layer of the device of 1), and the result of measuring the moisture content change in the diffusion layer when the water supply amount of the constant flow pump force was changed, Figure 2 shows. Since the gas diffusion layer of Example 1 uses the action of gravity for the permeation of the water generated in the anode side catalyst layer in the gas diffusion layer, the result of FIG. 2 shows the result of FIG. It was obtained in an experiment in which the tank was turned upside down.
  • the water content curve (dotted line and broken line) in the diffusion layer increases almost linearly due to an increase in the amount of water supplied as the battery output increases.
  • the inclination decreases when the treatment of the fiber surface of this carbon paper changes from water repellency (dotted line) to hydrophilicity (dashed line). This is because, in the case of hydrophilicity, a water film is formed on the surface of a fiber having a large surface area, so that the transpiration rate into the air stream is increased compared to the case of water-repellent fiber.
  • the water content in the gas diffusion layer is kept constant at a water supply amount of about 0.5 to 6.5 m (X 10 _2 g / min / cm 2 ).
  • X 10 _2 g / min / cm 2 the moisture transpirationable conductive fiber layer is on the outside of the hydrophilic conductive fiber layer, the moisture directly from the water film on the fiber surface in the hydrophilic conductive fiber layer into the air stream In order to suppress transpiration of water, the moisture content in the diffusion layer rapidly rises to a certain value even at low water supply.
  • the gas diffusion layer according to the present invention when used, the gas diffusion layer has a wide output range. It is possible to keep the moisture content of the liquid almost constant.
  • Example 2 Gas diffusion layers A to D produced in Example 2 and carbon paper (trade name CARBEL) manufactured by Japan Gore-Tex made hydrophilic by chemical oxidation treatment (comparative example (hydrophilic)) and repellent Prepare water-based carbon paper (comparative example (water repellency)) (all thickness 0.3 mm, length 10 cm, width 10 cm) and install them on the upper part of the porous layer of the device 1).
  • Fig. 2 shows the results of measuring the change in moisture content in the diffusion layer when the amount of water supply from the source changes.
  • the experimental conditions are a water temperature of 60 ° C and an air flow of 11.5 liters Zmin.
  • the hydrophilic carbon paper (comparative example (hydrophilic)) has a small amount of water supply! / In some cases, the water content is about 40%, and the hydrophilic material can retain water in the diffusion layer. Show. However, as the amount of water supply increases, the flatness is lower than that of water-repellent carbon paper. You can see that it causes ding.
  • the gas diffusion layers A to C all have better characteristics than the other comparative examples with respect to the flooding limit and the moisture content of the gas diffusion layer.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the mixed layer of the hydrophilic material and the water-vaporizable conductive fiber to the entire gas diffusion layer is preferably 30% or more. It can be said.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the mixed layer of hydrophilic material and moisture-evaporating conductive fibers to the entire gas diffusion layer is 80% or less. It can be said that it is preferable.
  • the gas diffusion layer of the present invention secures a diffusion path to the catalyst layer of the oxidant gas without being affected by fluctuations in the amount of water generated due to load fluctuations in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. It becomes possible to control the moisture concentration in the membrane to a certain range.
  • the gas diffusion layer according to the present invention When the gas diffusion layer according to the present invention is used, it is possible to keep the moisture content in the gas diffusion layer almost constant over a wide output range.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract

Cette invention concerne une couche de diffusion gazeuse pour pile à combustible, ayant une structure multicouche comprenant une couche contenant un matériau hydrophile et une couche constituée principalement de fibres électroconductrices d’humidité et de transpiration. Cette invention concerne également une couche de diffusion gazeuse pour pile à combustible, ayant une structure multicouche comprenant une couche mixte contenant un matériau hydrophile et des fibres électroconductrices d’humidité et de transpiration et une couche constituée principalement de fibres électroconductrices d’humidité et de transpiration. De plus, l’invention concerne une pile à combustible comprenant la couche de diffusion gazeuse ci-dessus maintenue entre une couche de catalyseur cathodique et un séparateur. Dans une pile à combustible à électrolytes polymères solides, la couche de diffusion gazeuse procure un chemin pour la diffusion d’un gaz oxydant vers la couche de catalyseur et peut réguler la concentration en eau dans une pellicule électrolytique dans une plage donnée, sans subir de variations dans la quantité de génération d'eau entraînées par les variations de charge.
PCT/JP2005/017481 2004-09-22 2005-09-22 Couche de diffusion gazeuse pour pile a combustible WO2006033390A1 (fr)

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JP2004-274847 2004-09-22

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012099036A1 (fr) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-26 三菱レイヨン株式会社 Matériau de base pour électrode poreuse, son procédé de fabrication, ensemble d'électrode-membrane, pile à combustible à polymère solide, feuille de précurseur et fibres fibrillaires

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10280232A (ja) * 1997-02-04 1998-10-20 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 特殊断面ポリエステル繊維及びそれを用いた布帛
JP2000282323A (ja) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-10 Toray Ind Inc 高吸水・速乾性ポリエステルｘ型断面繊維
JP2003331850A (ja) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電極およびそれを用いた燃料電池
JP2004200153A (ja) * 2002-12-02 2004-07-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 燃料電池および燃料電池ガス拡散層材料

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10280232A (ja) * 1997-02-04 1998-10-20 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 特殊断面ポリエステル繊維及びそれを用いた布帛
JP2000282323A (ja) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-10 Toray Ind Inc 高吸水・速乾性ポリエステルｘ型断面繊維
JP2003331850A (ja) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電極およびそれを用いた燃料電池
JP2004200153A (ja) * 2002-12-02 2004-07-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 燃料電池および燃料電池ガス拡散層材料

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012099036A1 (fr) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-26 三菱レイヨン株式会社 Matériau de base pour électrode poreuse, son procédé de fabrication, ensemble d'électrode-membrane, pile à combustible à polymère solide, feuille de précurseur et fibres fibrillaires
US9786923B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2017-10-10 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Porous electrode substrate, method for manufacturing same, membrane electrode assembly, polymer electrolyte fuel cell, precursor sheet, and fibrillar fibers
US9871257B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2018-01-16 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Porous electrode substrate, method for manufacturing same, membrane electrode assembly, polymer electrolyte fuel cell, precursor sheet, and fibrillar fibers

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