WO2006028001A1 - 光配線用樹脂組成物および光電気複合配線基板 - Google Patents
光配線用樹脂組成物および光電気複合配線基板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006028001A1 WO2006028001A1 PCT/JP2005/016075 JP2005016075W WO2006028001A1 WO 2006028001 A1 WO2006028001 A1 WO 2006028001A1 JP 2005016075 W JP2005016075 W JP 2005016075W WO 2006028001 A1 WO2006028001 A1 WO 2006028001A1
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- Prior art keywords
- resin
- refractive index
- inorganic filler
- optical
- resin composition
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1221—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths made from organic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/08—Oxygen-containing compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0274—Optical details, e.g. printed circuits comprising integral optical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
- H05K2201/0206—Materials
- H05K2201/0209—Inorganic, non-metallic particles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/06—Thermal details
- H05K2201/068—Thermal details wherein the coefficient of thermal expansion is important
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical wiring material and an opto-electric composite wiring board suitable for combination with an electric wiring board.
- This optical wiring realizes “on-board optical wiring” (optical interconnection) that performs high-speed signal transmission between LSIs (Large Scale Integrated Circuits) using optical signals.
- optical wiring optical interconnection
- Optical wiring can be applied to various locations such as between devices, between boards within a device, or between chips within a board.
- an optical wiring layer that guides optical signals is formed on the substrate surface or inner layer on which the chips are mounted, and an optical signal transmission system using this is used. Is preferred.
- a light emitting element for converting an electric signal into an optical signal a light receiving element for converting the optical signal into an electric signal, and a light emitting element for controlling the light receiving element. It is necessary to supply power to these elements and ICs for sending and receiving electrical signals. Also, for signal transmission that can be performed with relatively low speed and low density wiring Often, electrical signals are more advantageous. Therefore, it is necessary to form electrical wiring on the substrate surface or on the inner layer of the wiring board. In other words, an opto-electric composite wiring board in which optical wiring and electrical wiring coexist is required.
- Patent Document 1 As a resin composition for optical wiring, polysilane (see Patent Document 1), polysiloxane (see Patent Document 2), fluorinated polyimide (see Patent Document 3), silica gel-polystyrene composite material (see Patent Document 4) ), And fluorinated acrylic polymers (see Patent Document 5). Any of these materials is unsuitable for compounding with an electrical wiring board because of high heat treatment temperature for solidification, insufficient heat resistance, or high thermal expansion rate. .
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-12635 (Claims)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-102247 (Claims)
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-4-328504 (Claims)
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 109154 (Claims)
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-333105 (Claims)
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-44811 (Claims)
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-277664 (Claims)
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-6161 (Claims)
- the present invention provides a composite with an electrical wiring board that has a small difference in thermal expansion coefficient from the electrical wiring board, a temperature-dependent force of refractive index, and a small optical propagation loss.
- the present invention has an inorganic filler and a resin having an average particle diameter of 1 nm or more and lOOnm or less, and the refractive index n of the inorganic filler and the refractive index of the resin.
- r n is 0.8 or more 1.2 or less fZn r
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the resin composition satisfies the following conditions:-IX 10 _5 Z ° C or higher and 4 X 10 _5 / ° C or lower, and the true refractive index from 20 ° C to 90 ° C Temperature dependence of 1 X 10 _4 Z ° C or higher and 1 X 10 _4 Z ° C or lower, with virtually no light absorption at wavelengths of 0.6 to 0.9 m, or wavelengths of 1.2 to 1.6 ⁇ m A resin composition for optical wiring.
- the resin composition for optical wiring of the present invention light suitable for composite formation with an electric wiring layer having a small difference in thermal expansion coefficient from the electric wiring board and a small temperature dependency of the refractive index.
- a wiring layer can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optical wiring board for crosstalk evaluation.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the optical wiring board for crosstalk evaluation of FIG.
- An electrical wiring board is generally a composite material of a resin and an inorganic substance, and the physical properties thereof are intermediate values between the resin and the inorganic substance.
- optical wiring materials suitable for compounding with electrical wiring boards have thermal and mechanical characteristics and manufacturing processes, especially from the viewpoint of reliability. It is necessary to match the wiring etc. with those of the electric wiring board. Therefore, in order to realize this, it is effective to make the optical wiring material a composite material of a resin material and an inorganic material.
- composite materials there is an interface between the composite materials, which tends to cause light scattering and increase light propagation loss. The magnitude of this light scattering depends on the refractive index difference between the materials, the size of the interface, and the amount of the interface. By precisely controlling these, it is possible to suppress light scattering to a low level that does not cause any practical problems.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic filler is not less than 1 nm and not more than lOOnm.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler is 1 nm or more, the inorganic filler particles are less likely to aggregate and more easily disperse more uniformly. If the average particle size of the inorganic filler is less than lOOnm, the refractive index is less likely to be biased due to sedimentation of the inorganic filler particles during film formation. As a result, the disturbance of the optical waveguide is reduced and a signal transmission error occurs.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler is 40 nm or less, it is easy to suppress the Rayleigh scattering without making the difference in refractive index between the resin and the inorganic filler extremely small. In this case, furthermore, the Rayleigh scattering due to the difference in refractive index between the local resin and the inorganic filler, which is generated by the yarn and the fluctuation of each of the resin and the inorganic filler, is small and can be easily suppressed to a value.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic filler of the present invention can be measured by XMA measurement on an ultrathin slice of a cured thin film of a resin composition for optical wiring, and observation with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). .
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- a cured thin film of a resin composition for optical wiring cut out in the direction of film thickness is used.
- Inorganic fillers and rosins have different electron beam transmittances, so inorganic fillers and rosins can be identified by contrast differences in TEM images. Identification of each inorganic filler when multiple types of inorganic fillers are used can be performed by elemental analysis based on XMA measurement and crystal structure analysis by electron diffraction image observation.
- the distribution of the area of the inorganic filler and the resin can be obtained, and the particle diameter can be calculated from the area by approximating the cross section of the inorganic filler to be circular.
- the particle size can be evaluated on TEM images at magnifications of 5000 and 40000!
- the calculated particle size distribution is a TEM image with a magnification of 5000 times. Expressed as a histogram in increments of 0.01 ⁇ m in a 40,000 times TEM image. For each column in the resulting histogram, find the product of its center value and frequency. Next, the average particle diameter is obtained by dividing the sum of these products by the sum of the frequencies.
- the particle size distribution can also be evaluated by performing the same analysis as described above using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) instead of TEM.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- a dynamic light scattering method for measuring the fluctuation of the scattered light due to the Brownian motion of the inorganic filler, and an electrophoretic light scattering for measuring the Doppler effect of the scattered light when the inorganic filler is electrophoresed The average particle diameter can be measured by a method or the like.
- Laser diffraction type and laser scattering type particle size distribution measuring devices include LA-920 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., SALD-1100 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and MICROTRAC-UPA150 manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
- the content of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited.
- the volume content of the inorganic filler is preferably 5 volume% or more and 95 volume% or less, more preferably 20 volume% or more and 80 volume% or less.
- the volume content of the inorganic filler is 5% by volume or more, the effects of controlling the thermal expansion coefficient and the temperature dependence control of the refractive index by the inorganic filler are large.
- the volume content is 20% by volume or more, the thermal expansion coefficient Force X io _5 Z ° c or less. If the volume content of the inorganic filler is 95% by volume or less, the film does not become brittle, and cracks are not generated or broken by a slight stress.
- the volume content of the inorganic filler is 80% by volume or less, the adhesive strength with the material in contact with it becomes strong, and reliability deterioration due to delamination or the like hardly occurs.
- nZn is 0.8 or more
- nZn force 1. 1 or less
- the pole fr to reduce the light propagation loss due to scattering required when n / n is small fr It becomes easy to disperse uniformly such that V does not agglomerate because it is not necessary to use inorganic filler particles with a small particle diameter at the end.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the resin composition for optical wiring of the present invention is from 20 ° C to 90 ° C.
- 10 _5 Z ° C over 4 X 10 _5 Z ° is preferably C or less tool, 1. 5 X 10- 5 Z ° C or 2. or less 5 X 10 _5 Z ° C.
- the thermal expansion coefficient from 20 ° C to 90 ° C of the resin composition for optical wiring is -IX 10 _5 Z ° C or higher and 4 X 10 _5 Z ° C or lower. Since the difference in expansion coefficient is small, delamination does not easily occur when an opto-electric composite wiring board is used.
- the resin composition for optical wiring of the present invention has a true temperature dependence of the refractive index at 20 ° C to 90 ° C of 1 X 10 _4 Z ° C or more and 1 X 10 _4 Z ° C or less. More preferably, it is ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 _5 Z ° C or more and 1 ⁇ 10 _5 Z ° C or less.
- the true temperature dependence of the refractive index at 20 ° C and 90 ° C of the resin composition for optical wiring is 1 X 10 _4 / ° C or more and 1 X io "V ° c or less.
- the optical coupling with the light receiving and emitting components with small change in the optical wiring length will be shifted, and the transmission signal error rate can be reduced. -20 ° C of the resin composition for optical wiring If the true temperature dependence of the refractive index from 1 to 10 ° 5 Z ° C to 1 X io _5 Z ° c or less is An error occurs in wavelength selection in the system.
- the true temperature dependence of the refractive index in the present invention means the temperature dependence of the refractive index after correction for canceling the volume change of the material due to the temperature change. That is, the temperature is T
- the length of the material is X with respect to the incident direction of the light whose refractive index is to be measured.
- the optically meaningful material density is X /
- the temperature dependence (D) of the true refractive index between 1 and T 2 is the refractive index n at temperature T and the refraction at temperature T.
- Optical transmission loss which is important for optical wiring, is the structure of optical wiring, optical wiring patterns, and power! Depends on the state of the optical wiring surface after and the physical properties of the optical wiring material.
- Light propagation loss due to material properties includes absorption and scattering by the material. Absorption can be suppressed by using a transparent material, that is, a material that does not absorb at the wavelength of light to be guided.
- Rayleigh scattering becomes a problem in a material containing inorganic fillers, that is, particles as in the present invention.
- Rayleigh scattering is represented by a product of a scattering cross section of particles and a particle density.
- the particle scattering area is expressed by the following formula.
- a is the average particle diameter (cm) of the inorganic filler
- n is the refractive index of the inorganic filler
- n is the refractive index of the inorganic filler
- ⁇ is the wavelength ( ⁇ m) of the light guided in the optical wiring.
- the particle density is represented by the following mathematical formula.
- the light propagation loss (dBZcm) due to Rayleigh scattering is expressed by the above two equations as L in the following equation, and the present invention needs to be in the range of 0 ⁇ L ⁇ 0.5.
- V is the volume content of the inorganic filler
- a is the average particle diameter (cm) of the inorganic filler
- n is the refractive index of the inorganic filler
- n is the refractive index of the resin
- ⁇ is guided in the optical wiring. This is the wavelength of light ( ⁇ m). 0. 05 ⁇ V ⁇ 0. 95, l ⁇ a ⁇ 100, 1. 2 ⁇ n ⁇ 2. 4, 1. 3 ⁇ n ⁇ 2, 0. 6 ⁇ ⁇ 0 f r
- L represents an optical propagation loss and does not become a negative number. Also, if L is greater than 0.5, the light propagation (waveguide) loss is too large, and when used as an optical wiring material, the error rate increases during high-speed signal transmission, which is not practical.
- the wavelength of 0.6 to 0.9 ⁇ m includes the oscillation wavelength of compound semiconductor lasers such as He—Ne gas laser and GaAs, which is promising for use as transmission signal light. Therefore, it is practically important that the resin composition for optical wiring satisfies the formula (1) in the wavelength range of 0.6 to 0.9 m.
- the light from multiple LSIs can be passed through a single optical line by wavelength multiplexing by using different wavelengths for each LSI to send information.
- the wavelength multiplexing method is a practically effective means because the wiring density can be substantially increased.
- the resin composition for optical wiring of the present invention has a wavelength range of 1.2 to 1. It is practically important to have the characteristics satisfying the above.
- the resin composition for optical wiring of the present invention is required to be a yarn and composition having substantially no light absorption at a wavelength of 0.6 to 0.9 m or a wavelength of 1.2 to 1.6 m.
- the method for measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion of the resin composition for optical wiring is not particularly limited, but can be performed using a thermomechanical measurement device (TMA), a stress measurement device, or the like.
- TMA thermomechanical measurement device
- the method for measuring the refractive index of the resin composition for optical wiring in the present invention is not particularly limited. It can be performed using a prism coupler device or the like.
- the refractive index of an inorganic filler is generally almost the same as that of a Balta material having the same composition, but more accurately can be measured as follows. First, the refractive index of a cured resin for dispersing inorganic filler (n
- the resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is more preferable if nZn described above satisfies the condition of 0.8 or more and 1.2 or less in combination with the inorganic filler.
- any material satisfying the expression (1) may be used.
- the inorganic filler used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably at least one selected from material strengths including any one of Si-O bond, Mg-O bond, and Al-O bond. Good. Materials having Si—O bonds, Mg—O bonds, and A1—O bonds are chemically stable, and therefore, many have a large energy gap in the solid state, that is, are transparent. Further, many of these materials have a solid-state refractive index in the range of about 1.4 to 1.8, which is the refractive index region of rosin. For example, SiO, Al 2 O, MgO, MgAl 2 O, Al and Si
- Mg and Al, Mg and Si, Ti and Si double oxides and solid solutions, etc. and these include Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba, Hf, Ta, W, Re, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, A solution in which an oxide such as Er, Tm, Yb, or Lu is dissolved can be used.
- Other double oxides include CaSiO, ZrSiO, BaCrO, ZnCr
- Metal sulfate can also be used preferably as an inorganic filler.
- barium sulfate precipitated barium sulfate is preferred because it is easy to obtain one having a small particle size.
- carbonates such as barium carbonate and calcium carbonate
- fluorides such as magnesium fluoride, sodium carbonate, barium fluoride, calcium fluoride, strontium fluoride, and lithium fluoride can be used.
- the refractive index is in the range of 1.4 to 2.4, it can be used alone or in a form combined with the above-mentioned oxide.
- the optical wiring has a structure in which a clad layer having a low refractive index covers the periphery of a core layer having a high refractive index in order to guide light therethrough.
- the light is mainly guided through the core layer, and the cladding layer surrounding it acts to confine the light.
- the optical wiring material of the present invention is mainly composed of a resin and an inorganic filler
- the refractive index difference between the resin and the organic filler is reduced in order to suppress the light propagation loss caused by scattering by the inorganic filler. Is effective. Therefore, a high refractive index resin and an inorganic filler having an approximate refractive index are used for the optical wiring material forming the core layer, and a low refractive index resin is used for the optical wiring material forming the cladding layer.
- This is a suitable means for realizing an optical wiring material having a low loss and a large difference in refractive index between the core layer and the cladding layer.
- the resin having the higher refractive index that is, the resin used for the optical wiring material for the core layer has a refractive index of 1.55 or more and 1.75 or less from the viewpoint of transparency and refractive index. It is preferable that at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide resin, aramid resin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and epoxy resin. Inorganic fillers have a refractive index of not less than 1.55 and not more than 1.75 in terms of transparency and the size of the refractive index. In Group B, barium sulfate, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium carbonate , Zinc oxide, tin oxide, titanium and silicon double acid strength at least One type is preferably selected.
- a resin having a refractive index exceeding 1.75 is very expensive even if it can be synthesized, and problems such as high curing temperature and difficulty in dissolving in a solvent are likely to occur. If the refractive index of the resin used in the optical wiring material for the core layer is less than 1.55 or the refractive index of the inorganic filler is less than 1.55, the difference in refractive index between the core layer and the cladding layer is small. As a result, the light confinement effect is reduced.
- the resin having the smaller refractive index that is, the resin used for the optical wiring material for the cladding layer has a refractive index of 1.3 or more and 1.55 or less from the viewpoint of transparency and the size of the refractive index.
- Group C It is preferable that at least one of epoxy resin, siloxane resin, polyimide resin, and polysilane power is selected.
- Inorganic fillers have a refractive index of 1.3 or more and 1.55 or less in terms of transparency and the size of the refractive index of Group D of silica, magnesium carbonate, calcium silicate, hydrated talcite, and phyllite. It is preferable to select at least one of double acid compounds of magnesium, titanium and silicon.
- an inorganic filler having a refractive index of 1.3 or higher is substantially used.
- the refractive index of the double oxide of titanium and silicon can be adjusted by adjusting the content ratio of titanium and silicon. Relatively high titanium content increases the refractive index, and relatively high silicon content decreases the refractive index.
- the coffin used in the present invention is preferably thermosetting.
- the resin that forms the electric wiring board is suitable because it has a high process affinity when combined with the electric wiring board, which is often a thermosetting resin.
- the existing process of the electrical wiring board can be used as it is, or only the process for the composite can be added and other processes need not be changed. There are benefits.
- the resin to be used is not thermosetting, the process becomes complicated when combined with an electric wiring board, and the heat resistance is particularly high during a high temperature process such as a solder process for mounting electrical components. It tends to be insufficient.
- thermosetting resin examples include epoxy resin, phenol resin, siloxane resin, polyimide, cyanate resin, benzocyclobutene resin, polynorbornene, and the like. However, it is not particularly limited to these.
- the epoxy resin includes two or more epoxy groups (oxysilane rings) in the molecular structure. It is a rosin that has a prepolymer.
- epoxy resins those having a cyclohexane ring because of high transparency at a wavelength of 0.4 to 0.9 ⁇ m and easy dispersion of inorganic filler at a high concentration. And those having a naphthalene skeleton are preferred.
- the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy resin is preferably lOOgZeq or more and 300gZeq or less.
- the epoxy equivalent is more than lOOgZeq, since the hydroxyl group produced by the curing reaction is few and the hydroxyl group concentration is low, the refractive index changes due to moisture absorption, which is difficult to absorb moisture.
- the epoxy equivalent is 300 gZeq or less, the crosslink density increases, so that the adhesiveness accompanying the increase in internal stress during curing is small in crack resistance.
- a curing agent is added as necessary.
- a curing agent generally used for epoxy resin can be added.
- examples of such curing agents include amine curing agents, acid anhydride curing agents, phenol curing agents, phenol novolac resins, bisphenol A type novolac resins, aminotriazine compounds, and naphthol compounds. Examples are shown. These curing agents may be used in combination with each other.
- a curing accelerator can be used together with the curing agent.
- curing accelerators include 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenolimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenol-trimethyl trimellitate, Examples thereof include metal chelate compounds such as triphenylphosphine and tris (2,4 pentazionato) cobalt, and benzimidazole compounds.
- the resin used in the present invention preferably has a curing temperature of 200 ° C or lower.
- the curing temperature refers to the temperature at which a cross-linking reaction occurs between the molecules of the resin used to cause a polymerized network, and the resin already dissolved in a solvent in a polymerized state. It refers to both the temperature at which the solvent is solidified by evaporation.
- the resin used in the present invention is not a thermosetting resin but may have sufficient heat resistance. It is not a thermosetting resin! /, But examples of resin having sufficient heat resistance include aramid resin.
- the As the aramid resin it is preferable to use a polymer obtained by polymerizing carboxylic acid dichloride and diamine carbonate as well as having excellent transparency and heat resistance.
- diamine examples include 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 3,3, -diaminodiphenyl sulfone, 2, 2, -ditriflule.
- O-methyl-4,4, -diaminobiphenyl 9,9 bis (4-aminophenol) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-amino-3-methylphenol) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4 —Amino 1-black mouth) fluorene, 9, 9-bis (4-amino-1-fluorophenol) fluorene, bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenol] sulfone, bis [4 — (3 aminophenoxy) phenol] sulfone, 2,2bis [4— (4 aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2bis (4-aminophenol) hexafluoropropane, etc.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid dichloride include terephthalic acid dichloride, 2 chloro-terephthalic acid dichloride, 2-fluoro-terephthalic acid dichloride, isophthalic acid dichloride, orthophthalic acid dichloride, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid chloride, and biphenyl dicarboxylic acid.
- Examples include chloride and terfel dicarbol chloride.
- the resin composition for optical wiring is obtained by applying, drying, and solidifying a paste in which an inorganic filler is dispersed in resin.
- This paste can be prepared, for example, by adding an inorganic filler powder to a resin solution and mixing and dispersing, or by preparing a dispersion in which an inorganic filler is previously dispersed in an appropriate solvent, and mixing the dispersion and the resin solution. It is produced by the down method. Moreover, what is marketed as a sol can also be used for this inorganic filler dispersion liquid.
- silica such as organosilica sol and colloidal silica sol
- Nissan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Fuso Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., and Catalytic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. are also selling power! ⁇ 1 OOnm or more.
- the method for dispersing the inorganic filler in the resin or solvent is not particularly limited.
- methods such as ultrasonic dispersion, ball mill, roll mill, Claire mix, homogenizer, bead mill, and media disperser can be used.
- ball mill, homogenizer, and bead mill are preferably used from the viewpoint of dispersibility.
- surface treatment of the inorganic filler in order to improve dispersibility, for example, surface treatment of the inorganic filler, addition of a dispersant, addition of a surfactant, addition of a solvent, and the like may be performed.
- Surface treatment of inorganic fillers includes silane treatment, acid treatment, basic treatment, etc. in addition to treatment with various coupling agents such as silane, titanium and aluminum, fatty acids, phosphate esters, etc. .
- nonionic, cationic, and ionic surfactants, wetting agents such as polyvalent carboxylic acids, amphoteric substances, and resins having highly sterically hindered substituents may be added. it can.
- the polarity of the system during or after dispersion can be controlled by adding a solvent.
- the paste may contain a stabilizer, a dispersant, an anti-settling agent, a plasticizer, an anti-oxidation agent, etc., as required, within a range that satisfies the required characteristics.
- the photoelectric composite wiring board of the present invention has an organic substance, a layer having a fiber base material, a conductor layer, and an optical wave (optical wiring) layer, and the optical waveguide layer of the present invention is provided on an optical waveguide layer.
- a fat composition is used.
- a layer having an organic substance, a fiber base, a conductor layer, and an optical waveguide layer may be laminated.
- the layer having the organic substance and the fiber base material is not particularly limited as long as it is used for an electric wiring board! / Epoxy resin, fluorine resin, polyphenylene oxide, cyanate resin.
- Prepregs made by impregnating and drying a fiber base material alone, a modified product, a mixture, etc., and heat-molded and cured can be used.
- the fiber base material examples include glass woven fabrics, glass non-woven fabrics, glass papers such as glass paper, woven fabrics that have organic fiber strength such as paper (pulp), aramid, polyester, fluorine resin, etc. Examples thereof include woven fabrics and non-woven fabrics made of metal fibers, carbon fibers, mineral fibers, and the like.
- glass fibers are preferred from the viewpoint of heat resistance and strength. Among them, a fiber-opened one is more preferable because the flatness after curing of the pre-preda increases. Open In the fine yarn, either the warp yarn or the horizontal yarn or the forces between the adjacent yarns are arranged substantially without any gap.
- a highly conductive metal foil or a hardened conductive paste can be used as the conductor layer.
- the metal foil include copper, aluminum, nickel, gold and the like alone, an alloy, and a composite foil.
- a copper foil can be preferably used.
- the optical waveguide layer is composed of an under cladding layer, a Z core layer, and a Z over cladding layer.
- the refractive index of the core layer needs to be larger than both the refractive index of the under cladding layer and the refractive index of the over cladding layer.
- optical waveguide does not occur.
- the structure of the optical waveguide formed in the optical waveguide layer is roughly divided into a slab optical waveguide that only confines light in the upper and lower layers, and a channel optical waveguide that is configured to confine lateral light.
- the channel optical waveguide is composed of a core portion with a large refractive index through which light mainly propagates and a cladding portion with a small refractive index covering the periphery, and an embedded type in which the core portion is embedded in the cladding portion, and an optical waveguide.
- the optical waveguide layer has at least two layers (core layer and cladding layer) having different refractive indexes, and at this time, the difference in refractive index between the layers is preferably 0.05 or more. From the viewpoint of reducing the optical axis alignment (alignment) between optical wiring and optical components, it is preferable to provide a multimode type optical waveguide in the opto-electric composite wiring board. However, it is preferable that light can be sufficiently confined even if provided. To achieve these two points, optically, the larger the refractive index difference between the core layer and the cladding layer, the more advantageous.
- this difference in refractive index is 0.05 or more, the optical axis adjustment (alignment) between the optical wiring and the optical components does not need to be performed very precisely, or the cladding layer does not need to be very thick. Does not cause high.
- the refractive index and thickness of the under cladding layer, the core layer, and the over cladding layer can be arbitrarily selected depending on the optical waveguide to be designed.
- the difference in refractive index between the core layer and the undercladding layer is increased, or the core layer and It is suitable to increase the refractive index difference of one bar cladding layer or to thicken the core layer.
- the refractive index difference between the core layer and the undercladding layer is made small, the refractive index difference between the core layer and the overcladding layer is made small, or the core layer is made thin. By doing these, single mode propagation is realized.
- the photoelectric composite wiring board of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, as follows.
- an optical wiring paste for an undercladding layer is applied on a substrate for electrical wiring, dried, and formed as a film of a resin composition for optical wiring.
- an optical wiring paste for the core layer is applied and dried to form a film of a resin composition for optical wiring. If necessary, perform pattern formation on the core layer.
- the pattern formation can be performed by reactive etching or the like.
- a photosensitive paste is used for the optical layer paste of the core layer, the pattern can be formed by photolithography with exposure and development.
- an optical wiring paste for an overcladding layer is applied on the core layer and dried to form a film of a resin composition for optical wiring.
- an opto-electric composite wiring board can be obtained by overlapping with the electric wiring board and heating.
- the optical waveguide layer may be formed on the inner layer of the photoelectric composite wiring board or on the surface layer. When it is formed on the inner layer, the surface of the opto-electric composite wiring board can be used widely for surface mounting of electronic components.
- the smoothness of the surface of the formed under-cladding layer is impaired by the influence, and the core layer formed on the under-cladding layer
- the interface tends to be rough. If the interface between the under-ladding layer and the core layer becomes rough, the transmission loss of light propagating around the core layer will increase. In such a case, it is possible to prevent the interface between the undercladding layer and the core layer from becoming rough by providing a flat layer on the surface of the electrical wiring board before the undercladding layer is formed.
- the material of the flattening layer is not limited as long as the flattening function and the adhesiveness with the undercladding layer are sufficient, but among them, epoxy resin can be used.
- a method of polishing and smoothing the surface of the electric wiring board can be used in addition to providing a flattening layer.
- the method for forming the coating film from the optical wiring paste is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using a spinner, screen printing, blade coater, die coater and the like.
- the formation of the electrical wiring portion of the opto-electric composite wiring board can be performed using a process used for normal electrical wiring formation.
- These processes include the formation of wiring by wet etching of metal foil such as copper foil as a wiring material, the formation of wiring by electrolytic or electroless plating of copper, nickel, gold, etc., and the metal layer by vapor phase methods such as sputtering. Examples of the method include forming and wiring processing.
- a commonly used process such as a soldering method.
- a photoelectric conversion element, an optical passive component, and the like can be incorporated into the photoelectric composite wiring board of the present invention.
- the photoelectric conversion element include a light emitting diode, a laser, and a photodetector.
- the use of surface-emitting lasers and surface-receiving type photodetectors that emit and receive light on the main surface of the element makes it easier to reduce the spread of propagation light, increase signal strength, and receive and emit light.
- the ability to easily shield the mounting structure of the part is preferable.
- a mirror and a lens can be incorporated in the photoelectric composite wiring board of the present invention as necessary for optical coupling between the light emitting / receiving element and the optical path.
- a mirror that changes the optical path by 90 degrees can be formed by cutting the end face of the optical waveguide at 45 ° with a dicing saw or the like.
- passive optical circuits such as an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, wavelength filter, and wavelength multiplexer may be built in the photoelectric composite wiring board.
- the measurement was performed using a prism coupler device 2010 (with a substrate heating device) manufactured by Metricon and a special P-1 prism. [0073] ⁇ Optical propagation loss measurement>
- Measurement was performed in the range of room temperature to 90 ° C using FLX-2908 manufactured by KLA-Tencor.
- a test sample film was formed on both the silicon wafer and the copper substrate, the warpage of each substrate was measured while heating, and the thermal expansion coefficient was obtained by calculation.
- Example 1 except that liquid epoxy resin (Epotek Product # 314) was replaced with polyimide resin (trade name Semicofine, product name: Semicofine) and the curing temperature was changed from 150 ° C to 300 ° C. A sample was prepared in the same manner as described above. The measurement wavelength was 0.85 m. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. Since the curing conditions exceeded the heat resistance of the FR-4 substrate, the TC test sample was incapable of being manufactured.
- Liquid epoxy resin (Product # 314, manufactured by Epotek) was changed to polyimide resin (trade name Semicofine, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.), the curing temperature was changed from 150 ° C to 300 ° C, and organosilica sol was A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the aluminum oxide slurry dispersed in the propylene glycol monomethyl ether solvent was replaced with the blending ratio of polyimide resin and acid-aluminum at the values shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the measurement wavelength and evaluation results. Only the sample of Example 14 was difficult to measure the refractive index at high temperature due to large warpage, so the measurement on the high temperature side was limited to 60 ° C. Since the curing conditions exceeded the heat resistance of the FR-4 substrate, in Examples 11 to 14, the TC test samples could not be produced.
- Example 1 Samples were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that liquid epoxy resin (Product # 314, manufactured by Epotek) was replaced with fluorinated polyimide and the curing temperature was changed from 150 ° C to 350 ° C. Table 1 shows the measurement wavelength and evaluation results. Since the curing conditions exceeded the heat resistance of the FR-4 substrate, the TC test sample was unable to be produced.
- liquid epoxy resin Product # 314, manufactured by Epotek
- Example 2 A sample was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the organosilica sol was replaced with a titasol. The evaluation results are also shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film was formed of a single resin without an inorganic filler. The evaluation results are also shown in Table 2. In Comparative Examples 7 to 9, the TC test sample could not be prepared because the curing conditions exceeded the heat resistance of FR-4.
- Resin Inorganic filler Filler Optical wiring tree True refractive index
- the mixing ratio of the liquid epoxy resin and the curing accelerator was set to 100: 2 by weight.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 3. Also, using the bar coater, films of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 m in thickness of the solidified film could be produced from the obtained optical wiring paste.
- a paste for optical wiring was applied on a quartz substrate using a spin coater, and in the atmosphere using an oven at 80 ° C for 30 minutes, then at 150 ° C for 30 minutes, and further at 280 ° C.
- the sample was heated for 1 minute to obtain an optical propagation loss measurement sample with a thickness of 5 m.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 3. Also, using a bar coater, films of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 with a solidified film thickness could be produced from the obtained composition.
- An undercladding layer with a thickness of 10 / zm was formed on a 0.6 mm thick FR-4 substrate with black foil treated copper foil (18 / zm thickness).
- magnesium oxide having a particle diameter of 12 nm dispersed in a propylene glycol monomethyl ether solvent is added, and the polyimide resin: oxidized in a volume ratio after curing.
- a paste for optical wiring was prepared so that magnesium was 60:40. This was coated on the FR-4 substrate with the undercladding layer described above, dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour, solidified at 180 ° C for 1 hour in nitrogen, and a 40 / zm thick core layer 1 Formed. The refractive index of the core layer was 1.634. Next, a 50 m wide core layer was formed in a ridge shape by ordinary photolithography and reactive ion etching.
- an overcladding layer paste having the same composition as that of the undercladding layer was applied thereon and dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour to form an uncured overcladding layer.
- a 0.6 mm thick FR-4 substrate with a blackened copper foil (thickness 18 m) was placed on top of this, and a 150 ° C 1 hour heating press was performed to obtain an opto-electric composite wiring substrate. .
- This optoelectric composite wiring board was carefully cut using a dicing apparatus (DFD-6240, manufactured by DISCO Corporation) so as to form an end face perpendicular to the optical waveguide.
- a dicing apparatus DMD-6240, manufactured by DISCO Corporation
- an opto-electric composite wiring board was obtained in which the end faces were formed at both ends of the substrate and the length of the optical waveguide was 5 cm.
- the cutback method ldBZcm.
- a sample is cut using a dicing device, and an optical waveguide with a length of 5 cm before cutting is used.
- Light propagation loss (unit: dB / cm) was determined from the propagation light intensity and the propagation light intensity of the sample 2 cm after cutting.
- the optical fiber for light introduction was moved left and right and up and down, and the light introduction margin was examined from the detected light output of the photodetector on the other end face.
- the left / right and up / down movements were 10 m, and the detection light output of the photodetector was almost invariable.
- An optical wiring paste was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was used.
- an optoelectric composite wiring board was produced in the same manner as in Example 23 except that the obtained optical wiring paste was used for the core layer. When the refractive index of the core layer was measured, it was 1.498.
- the light introduction margin was examined in the same manner as in Example 23. As a result, the detection light output of the photodetector was sensitive to the movement of the optical fiber for light introduction, and the photodetector was related to the movement of the optical fiber. The power was stable. When this sample was subjected to a TC test, no delamination or cracks were observed.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an optical wiring board for crosstalk characteristic evaluation produced in this example.
- FR-4 with undercladding layer 3 (refractive index [nb]: 1.484) used in Example 23 4
- Undercladding layer 3 (refractive index [nb]: 1.484) used in Example 23 4
- multiple widths 50 m parallel core layers 1 (refractive index [ na ]: 1.62 ) were formed.
- the pitch between the straight optical waveguides was set to 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 m.
- the end surfaces of the mono-cladding layer 2 and the optical waveguide were formed to produce an optical wiring board.
- the core layer was formed in parallel with every pattern according to the pitch.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the optical circuit board for crosstalk characteristics evaluation, and the core layer is located in the part indicated by the dotted line.
- the presence or absence of crosstalk between each wiring pitch was examined by the following method.
- One end face force of one optical waveguide A single mode optical fiber is used to introduce light with a wavelength of 0.85 m, the adjacent optical waveguide is observed with a CCD camera from a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface, and crosstalk is observed. The presence or absence of light was observed. The results are shown in Table 4.
- the mixing ratio of the liquid epoxy resin and the curing accelerator was 100: 2 by weight.
- Example 25 1.484 1.62 1.484 0.136 Yes No No No No No No No No No No Example 26 1.56 1.62 1.56 0.06 Yes Yes No No No No No No No Example 27 1.58 1.62 1.58 0.04 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No
- Example 22 A sample was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 22 except that the film was formed of a single resin without using an inorganic filler. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- the optical wiring resin composition of the present invention transmits information between LSIs in a wiring board used for information equipment that performs high-speed signal transmission such as a personal computer, a hard disk recorder, a DVD recorder, a game machine, and a mobile phone. It can be suitably used for an optical wiring that performs the above.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05777036.4A EP1788412A4 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-09-02 | OPTICAL COMPOSITION OF WIRING RESIN AND PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSITE WIRING BOARD |
KR1020077003678A KR101182699B1 (ko) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-09-02 | 광배선용 수지조성물 및 광전기 복합 배선기판 |
CN2005800301116A CN101014890B (zh) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-09-02 | 光布线用树脂组合物和光电复合布线基板 |
US11/713,605 US7444058B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2007-03-05 | Resin composition for optical wiring, and optoelectronic circuit board |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004-260812 | 2004-09-08 | ||
JP2004260812 | 2004-09-08 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/713,605 Continuation US7444058B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2007-03-05 | Resin composition for optical wiring, and optoelectronic circuit board |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006028001A1 true WO2006028001A1 (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
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PCT/JP2005/016075 WO2006028001A1 (ja) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-09-02 | 光配線用樹脂組成物および光電気複合配線基板 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7444058B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1788412A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101182699B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101014890B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI336790B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006028001A1 (ja) |
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EP2080773B1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2011-05-18 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Paste composition for light guide and light guide utilizing the same |
US8247338B2 (en) | 2008-01-18 | 2012-08-21 | Toray Industries, Inc | High dielectric constant paste composition and dielectric composition using the same |
JP2009206494A (ja) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-09-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 太陽電池モジュール |
US20110220179A1 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-09-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Assemblies comprising a thermally and dimensionally stable polyimide film, an electrode and an absorber layer, and methods relating thereto |
CN102036465B (zh) * | 2009-09-24 | 2013-01-23 | 联致科技股份有限公司 | 复合基板结构 |
KR101206250B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-13 | 2012-11-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 식각 마스크 패턴 형성용 페이스트 및 이의 스크린 인쇄법을 이용한 실리콘 태양전지의 제조방법 |
WO2012172736A1 (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-12-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Organic-inorganic composite molded product and optical element |
CN102408679B (zh) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-12-26 | 天威新能源控股有限公司 | 一种环氧树脂复合材料 |
US9281424B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2016-03-08 | AMI Research & Development, LLC | Wideband light energy waveguide and detector |
US20150107650A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2015-04-23 | AMI Research & Development, LLC | Monolithic broadband energy collector with detector position depending on wavelength |
US20130209769A1 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-08-15 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Corona resistant structures and methods relating thereto |
JP6090655B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-12 | 2017-03-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 光導波路用ドライフィルム、それを用いた光導波路及び光電気複合配線板、並びに光電気複合配線板の製造方法 |
CN104378907B (zh) | 2013-08-12 | 2017-06-30 | 富葵精密组件(深圳)有限公司 | 电路板及其制作方法 |
US9557480B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2017-01-31 | R.A. Miller Industries, Inc. | Graphene coupled MIM rectifier especially for use in monolithic broadband infrared energy collector |
KR102465011B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-04 | 2022-11-09 | 아지노모토 가부시키가이샤 | 밀봉용 수지 조성물 및 밀봉용 시트 |
CN107748429B (zh) * | 2017-10-24 | 2023-09-26 | 辽宁中蓝光电科技有限公司 | 一种大光圈短ttl的5片式光学系统及光学镜头 |
TWI655097B (zh) | 2017-12-27 | 2019-04-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 光波導元件及其製造方法 |
JP7353056B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-09-29 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光素子付き光電気混載基板 |
US20200407507A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-31 | Skc Co., Ltd. | Polymer film, front plate and display device comprising same |
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- 2005-09-02 CN CN2005800301116A patent/CN101014890B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-02 WO PCT/JP2005/016075 patent/WO2006028001A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-09-02 TW TW094130034A patent/TWI336790B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-02 EP EP05777036.4A patent/EP1788412A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101014890A (zh) | 2007-08-08 |
TWI336790B (en) | 2011-02-01 |
CN101014890B (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
EP1788412A1 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
KR101182699B1 (ko) | 2012-09-13 |
TW200622330A (en) | 2006-07-01 |
US7444058B2 (en) | 2008-10-28 |
US20070147767A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
EP1788412A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
KR20070050923A (ko) | 2007-05-16 |
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