WO2006022168A1 - 水素吸蔵電極及びニッケル水素電池 - Google Patents
水素吸蔵電極及びニッケル水素電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006022168A1 WO2006022168A1 PCT/JP2005/014964 JP2005014964W WO2006022168A1 WO 2006022168 A1 WO2006022168 A1 WO 2006022168A1 JP 2005014964 W JP2005014964 W JP 2005014964W WO 2006022168 A1 WO2006022168 A1 WO 2006022168A1
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen storage
- alloy powder
- storage alloy
- rare earth
- electrode
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0047—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof containing a rare earth metal; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0057—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof containing a rare earth metal; Treatment thereof also containing nickel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/242—Hydrogen storage electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/26—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/383—Hydrogen absorbing alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
- H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen storage electrode using a hydrogen storage alloy powder as an active material and a nickel hydrogen battery using the same, and more specifically, a hydrogen storage electrode excellent in cycle characteristics and low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristics and an output using the same
- the present invention relates to a nickel-metal hydride battery with improved characteristics and improved cycle life.
- the hydrogen storage alloy corrodes in the electrolyte, and the high rate discharge characteristics and charge acceptance of the hydrogen storage electrode (negative electrode) are inferior to those of the nickel electrode (positive electrode). Therefore, the hydrogen storage alloy must have an excess (about 1.5 times) capacity of the positive electrode, which has the drawback that it is difficult to improve the energy density.
- hydrogen storage alloys with excellent corrosion resistance and long life are slow to activate, and when used as they are for electrodes, it takes time for initial activation until full discharge characteristics are exhibited. In some cases, several hundreds of charge / discharge cycles are required.
- further improvements in charge / discharge cycle characteristics and high-rate discharge characteristics are required.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-7 3 8 78 (Page 3, paragraph 0 0 1 1)
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-7 3 8 78 (Page 3, paragraph 0 0 1 1)
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-7 3 8 78 (Page 3, paragraph 0 0 1 1)
- the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is treated by acid treatment.
- the formed oxide or hydroxide film is removed and a clean surface is created, so that the activity of the hydrogen storage electrode is improved and the activation can be shortened, but the cycle life is improved. The effect on it is not great.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 2-2 5 6 3 0 1 (Page 3, paragraph 0 0 0 9) According to Patent Document 2, by treating with a high-concentration and high-temperature aqueous NaOH solution Compared to treatment with KOH aqueous solution, the oxide on the surface of the raw material powder can be effectively removed by dipping in a short time, and the contact resistance can be reduced because the oxide does not easily adhere to the surface of the alloy powder. In addition, the reactivity is also improved. According to Patent Document 2, although the activation process of the hydrogen storage alloy can be shortened and excellent discharge characteristics can be achieved from the initial charge / discharge, the cycle characteristics are insufficient. In addition, it has superior high-rate discharge characteristics compared to previous hydrogen storage electrodes, but it did not always satisfy the strict requirements for improving high-rate discharge characteristics of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and power tools. .
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- Patent Document 2 a stable layer is formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy by immersing it in an alkaline solution before incorporating the hydrogen storage alloy into the battery. Corrosion of the hydrogen storage alloy powder immediately afterwards can be suppressed.
- the alloy absorbs and desorbs hydrogen. Therefore, the expansion / contraction causes strain in the alloy powder, which causes cracking and refines the alloy powder. For this reason, when charging / discharging is repeated, a new surface is formed in the alloy, and the surface is in contact with the electrolytic solution, whereby the alloy is corroded and the amount of charge reserve is reduced. For this reason, even the method described in Patent Document 2 does not lead to a significant improvement in cycle performance.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 1 2 6 0 3 6 1
- the corrosion resistance of the Y compound hydrogen storage alloy powder is small, or because of the addition of light rare earth such as La, which has weakened the corrosion resistance of Y.
- the life characteristics were not obtained. However, even with the above-mentioned means, it did not come to have both excellent high rate discharge characteristics and long cycle life.
- Patent Document 4 US Patent No. 6, 1 3 6, 4 7 3 Specification
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-7 5 8 8
- the presence of the rare earth element hydroxide or oxide on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy suppresses the corrosion of the hydrogen storage alloy powder in the alkaline electrolyte, Durability can be increased.
- the method was applied In some cases, the reaction resistance of the hydrogen storage electrode sometimes increased and the output characteristics could be degraded.
- the effect of the addition of rare earth element compound powder has been insufficient because the influence of the particle diameter of the rare earth element compound powder added to the hydrogen storage alloy powder has not been focused on. There was a possibility that it could not be demonstrated.
- a battery applied to a HEV power supply should have an output characteristic of more than 140 O W / kg at 25 ° C.
- the output characteristics of the conventional cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery at 25 ° C were as low as 100 O WZ kg.
- a conventional cylindrical nickel metal hydride battery has a lid that also serves as one terminal (positive electrode terminal) (the lid is a hat-shaped cap 6, a sealing plate 0, and the cap 6 and the sealing plate 0
- the gasket 5 is attached to the peripheral portion of the sealing plate 0, and the opening end of the bottomed cylindrical battery case 4 is bent, thereby the peripheral edge of the lid body.
- the lid and the battery case are in airtight contact with the gasket 5 through the gasket 5.
- (Positive electrode current collector plate) 2 is connected by a ribbon-like current collecting lead 12 shown in FIG.
- the lid is attached to the open end of the battery case 4 after welding the inner surface of the sealing plate 0 of the current collector lead 12 and the welding of the current collector lead 12 and the upper current collector 2 Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sag in the current collecting lead 1 2, and for this purpose, the welding point of the current collecting lead 1 2 with the inner surface of the sealing plate 0, the current collecting lead 1 2 and the upper current collecting Since the length of the current collecting lead connecting the welding point of the current plate 2 is usually 6 to 7 times the distance between the sealing plate 0 and the upper current collecting plate 2, the current resistance of the current collecting lead itself is large. This also contributed to the low output characteristics of the battery.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and a hydrogen storage electrode in which a hydrogen storage alloy powder is applied as an active material is excellent in corrosion resistance to an electrolytic solution, and is excellent in high-rate discharge characteristics.
- a Nigel hydrogen battery excellent in cycle characteristics, high rate discharge characteristics, and output characteristics is provided.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by configuring the hydrogen storage electrode as follows.
- Mass saturation magnetization is 1.0 to 6.
- the mass saturation magnetization referred to here is a value obtained by accurately weighing 0.3 gram of a sample of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and applying a magnetic field of 5 kOld to the sample using a vibrating sample magnetometer.
- the mass saturation magnetization is within the above-mentioned range when the number of charge / discharge cycles is within at least 30 cycles including the formation of the storage battery after being incorporated in the nickel-hydrogen storage battery.
- (2) 80% by weight or more of the rare earth elements contained in the oxide or hydroxide of the rare earth element is selected from the group consisting of Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, or (2) The hydrogen storage electrode according to (1) above, wherein the hydrogen storage electrode is a rare earth element of two or more types.
- the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder comprises a rare earth element and a transition metal element as main components.
- the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder is immersed in a high-temperature alkali hydroxide aqueous solution to have a mass saturation magnetization of 1.0 to 6.5.
- the hydrogen storage electrode according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the hydrogen storage electrode is emuZg (Claim 5).
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder has a temperature of 90 to 110 and a sodium hydroxide concentration of 2
- the hydrogen storage electrode has a rare earth element and a transition metal element as main components and a mass saturation magnetization of 1.0 to 6.5 emu. 100 parts by weight of hydrogen storage alloy powder of / g, rare earth elements mainly composed of one or more rare earth elements selected from the group of Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu Nickel metal hydride battery characterized by containing a mixture of oxide or hydroxide powder and powder having an average particle size of 5 m or less and 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight (Claim 10).
- the rare earth oxide or hydroxide powder is a rare earth oxide or hydroxide powder containing at least one of Er and Yb as a main component.
- the average particle size of the oxide or hydroxide powder of an element mainly composed of at least one element of Er and Yb is 3.5 m or less.
- a sealed nickel-metal hydride battery comprising a sealing body, wherein an inner surface of a sealing plate and an upper surface of an upper current collecting plate attached to an upper winding end surface of the pole group are connected via a current collecting lead. At least one of the welding points of the inner surface of the plate and the current collecting lead and the welding point of the current collecting lead and the upper surface of the upper current collecting plate is connected between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery after sealing by an external power source.
- the nickel-metal hydride battery according to any one of (10) to (14), wherein welding is performed by energizing the battery through the inside of the battery (Claim 15).
- a nickel hydrogen battery having particularly excellent charge / discharge cycle characteristics can be provided.
- a nickel-metal hydride battery excellent in both output characteristics and cycle characteristics can be provided.
- the hydrogen storage electrode according to claims 10 to 14 is applied.
- a nickel-metal hydride battery having high output characteristics can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a structure of a nickel metal hydride battery according to the present invention and a method for welding current collector leads to an upper current collector plate.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a current collecting lead applied to the nickel metal hydride battery according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of the upper current collector plate applied to the nickel metal hydride battery according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of a main part of a conventional cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a ribbon-shaped current collecting lead. Explanation of symbols
- the composition of the hydrogen storage alloy applied to the hydrogen storage electrode according to the present invention is not particularly limited.
- L a, Ce contain as P r, the main component element of the transition metal elements including rare earth elements and nickel, such as N d, those with AB 5 form the crystal structure, containing M g and nickel as the main component element , the AB 3 shapes and AB 3.
- s-shaped crystal structure A thing, T i, can be applied to any of the hydrogen storage alloy is contained by AB 2 form a V or C r as a component element.
- the AB 5 type hydrogen storage alloy an alloy in which a part of Ni in MmN i 5 (Mm represents Misch metal, which is a mixture of rare earth elements) is replaced with Co, Mn, A 1, Cu, etc. It is preferable because it has excellent cycle life characteristics and high discharge capacity.
- powder of oxide or hydroxide of one or more rare earth elements selected from the group of Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu and 100 parts by weight of hydrogen storage alloy powder It is better to add 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight to the mixture.
- a hydrogen storage electrode to which Er is added is excellent in high-rate discharge characteristics
- a hydrogen storage electrode to which Yb is added is particularly preferable because it is remarkably excellent in cycle characteristics.
- the potential of the hydrogen storage alloy powder can be set much lower than the potential at which Ni or Co dissolves. Therefore, when immersing the hydrogen storage alloy, it is possible to greatly reduce the elution of Ni and Co. Therefore, it is preferable to treat it with a hydrogen content of 5% or more.
- the hydrogen storage capacity here refers to the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy powder at a temperature of 60 ° C; the equilibrium hydrogen pressure (plateau region) of the PCT curve.
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder may crack, or the surface layer can be formed efficiently, and sufficient activity can be obtained with minimal immersion treatment. A decrease in the capacity of the alloy can be minimized.
- the mass saturation magnetization of hydrogen storage alloys is usually less than 0.1 l emuZg.
- the hydrogen storage alloy applied to the hydrogen storage alloy electrode according to the present invention is 1.0 to 6.5 emu / g, preferably 2 to 6 emuZg, more preferably 3 to 4 emu / g. Has mass saturation magnetization.
- a hydrogen storage alloy powder having a mass saturation magnetization of 1 emu / g or more which is usually l emu / g or less
- a nickel metal hydride battery by performing a surface modification treatment.
- Excellent high output characteristics can be obtained.
- the mass saturation magnetization was 2 emu / g or more, extremely excellent output characteristics were obtained, which was more preferable. It is not clear why excellent output characteristics can be obtained if the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 1 emuZg or more.
- a Ni-rich phase with a thickness of 50 nanometers (nm) or more is observed to be formed in layers. It is considered that the rich phase serves as a catalyst for promoting the charge transfer reaction on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy. In addition, the phase is considered to provide a path for hydrogen in the hydrogen storage powder and to increase the diffusion rate of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the layered phase rich in Ni formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is referred to as a catalyst layer.
- the mass saturation magnetization is thus increased by immersing the hydrogen storage alloy powder in an aqueous alkali solution having a predetermined concentration and a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time.
- an aqueous alkali solution having a predetermined concentration and a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time.
- the oxide or hydroxide film formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy dissolves and disappears.
- the rare earth contained in the hydrogen storage alloy powder Elements that easily elute in alkaline solutions such as elements and Al and Mn are preferentially eluted, and later Co and stable Ni are difficult to elute in aqueous sodium hydroxide.
- the Co and Ni do not show magnetism when they are alloyed with rare earth elements, elements such as Mn, A1, etc., but since these elements elute and become isolated, they show magnetism.
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder is treated with a high temperature sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder increases.
- the elution reaction of the rare earth element proceeds at the interface between the hydrogen storage alloy and the treatment liquid, that is, the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder or the hydrogen storage alloy if there is a crack, and the hydrogen storage alloy after the treatment.
- a catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the powder and on the surface of the crack.
- Ni is a metal that is inherently rich in contact resistance in alkaline electrolytes.
- the catalyst layer is porous, even if a catalyst layer is formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the corrosion resistance of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is not improved so much. In fact, when the deterioration of the battery after the end of the cycle life was analyzed, it was confirmed that corrosion by the electrolyte of the hydrogen storage alloy contained in the negative electrode was a major factor of deterioration.
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder has the mass saturation magnetization shown in the above range, and by adding the specific rare earth element compound to the hydrogen storage alloy powder, it has excellent corrosion resistance and high resistance. A hydrogen storage electrode having rate discharge performance can be obtained.
- the mass saturation magnetization is increased to the above range by immersion in an alkaline solution.
- the catalyst layer of the hydrogen storage alloy powder provides a path for the movement of the process into the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the field of the electrode reaction. Therefore, the activity of the hydrogen storage alloy powder as an electrode is enhanced, and it is considered that excellent high rate discharge characteristics are exhibited.
- the mass saturation magnetization is less than 1.0 emuZg, there is a risk that good high-rate discharge characteristics may not be obtained due to insufficient formation of the catalyst layer. If it exceeds 6.5 emu / g, occlusion and release are possible. If the amount of hydrogen is small, the discharge capacity may be reduced.
- the catalyst layer prevents the inside of the hydrogen storage alloy powder containing an element that easily elutes from the electrolyte, such as a rare earth element, from directly contacting the electrolyte, and provides an electrode reaction field necessary for the charge transfer reaction. . Therefore, it is preferable to generate a surface layer that has a uniform thickness and a high density and is not cut off.
- the application of NaHH aqueous solution for immersion treatment is superior in both high-rate discharge performance and charge / discharge cycle performance because a uniform and dense surface layer is formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy compared to when KOH aqueous solution is applied. It is preferable because a hydrogen storage electrode can be obtained.
- the aqueous NaOH solution is a particularly excellent solution for forming a uniform and continuous surface layer.
- the concentration of NaOH in the NaOH aqueous solution used for the immersion treatment Is preferably 28 to 50% by weight.
- the treatment speed in the immersion treatment is greatly affected by the temperature of the treatment liquid (immersion treatment temperature).
- the immersion treatment temperature is preferably 90 ° C or higher, and more preferably 100 ° C or higher because the treatment speed is dramatically improved.
- the reaction rate becomes too fast above the boiling point of the treatment liquid and it becomes difficult to control the formation of the surface layer, it is preferable to set the boiling point below 110 ° C.
- the treatment bath is stirred during the immersion treatment so that the hydrogen storage alloy does not settle. By this stirring, the alkali farming degree distribution and the temperature distribution of the treatment bath are kept uniform.
- the immersion treatment temperature is preferably controlled to a constant temperature within the range of 90 to 110 ° C. Specifically, it is preferable to control so that the treatment temperature is within the above range, and the immersion treatment temperature is within ⁇ ⁇ 3 ° C, and it is controlled to be within ⁇ ⁇ 2 ° C. Further preferred. In addition, it is preferable to control the NaOH concentration of the treatment solution within the range of 28 to 50% by weight so that the NaOH concentration during treatment falls within ⁇ ⁇ 5% by weight. It is more preferable to control so as to fit.
- the thickness of the surface layer of the hydrogen storage alloy powder having a mass saturation magnetization of 1.0 to 6.5 emuZg according to the present invention is about 50 to 400 nm (the concentration of the hydrogen storage alloy powder by the focused ion beam apparatus). By cross-sectional observation). Moreover, the time required for the dipping treatment is about 0.'9 to 5.5 hours.
- the immersion treatment time is not particularly limited, and may be adjusted so that the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder obtained by the immersion treatment is within the range of 1.0 to 6.5 emu / g. .
- rare earth such as La on the alloy surface is once eluted and deposited as hydroxide on the alloy powder surface.
- the hydroxide prevents electronic conduction at the interface where the hydrogen storage alloy particles contact each other or prevents contact between the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the electrolyte.
- the capacity is apparently reduced to inhibit the charge / discharge reaction of the hydrogen storage electrode.
- the resistance of the powder increases and the high rate discharge characteristics deteriorate. this Therefore, it is desirable to remove these rare earth element hydroxides.
- the immersion treatment liquid was separated and removed by filtration, and then ultrasonic waves were applied to the hydrogen storage alloy powder to remove the rare earth element hydroxide.
- the sedimentation rate in the aqueous solution ie, flowing water from the bottom of the alloy stirring tank to remove rare earth impurities that are difficult to settle by mixing with the flow water
- Rare earth element hydroxide The method of separating and removing particles and the method of utilizing the difference in particle size (the method of removing small particles by filtering because the rare earth impurity particle size is smaller than the alloy particle size) does not change the surface composition and provides corrosion resistance. This is preferable because it does not fluctuate.
- Hydrogen gas is generated in the process of immersing the hydrogen storage alloy in the Al-strength aqueous solution, and part of it is taken into the hydrogen storage alloy. If hydrogen-absorbed alloy powder is exposed to air with hydrogen taken in, it may generate heat and ignite. Moreover, there is a possibility that the corrosion of the hydrogen storage alloy powder proceeds with heat generation. For this reason, it is preferable to desorb hydrogen from the alloy.
- the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder after the immersion treatment is exposed to, for example, hot water, and then contacted with hydrogen peroxide water, and these fears can be eliminated by desorbing the incorporated hydrogen.
- the method of exposing the alloy to warm water of 80 ° C or higher and pH 9 or lower efficiently desorbs most of the hydrogen contained in the alloy as a gas and reuses the desorbed hydrogen. This is preferable because it can be performed.
- the oxidizing agent to be used is not particularly limited, but hydrogen peroxide is preferable because the product after decomposition does not have impurities that deteriorate the alloy performance. These oxidizing agents are not efficient because they release oxygen gas and self-decompose when they contact the surface treatment formation layer of the alloy at 45 ° C or higher, and they are efficiently used when cooled to 45 ° C or lower. It is more preferable because it reacts with hydrogen.
- Immersion hydrogen storage alloy powder has low activity due to oxidation of the surface when exposed to air. I will give you.
- hydrogen storage alloy powders with no oxide coating on the surface are too active and easily ignite, causing problems such as igniting during transportation or when the alloy is charged in the processing process.
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder is stored in a state of moisture content that is not sufficiently dried, the rare earth in the alloy will elute and show an altitude, and the alloy capacity will be extremely reduced due to the progress of corrosion.
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder is exposed to 60 ° C to 90 ° C air and partially dried, the surface of the alloy is oxidized simultaneously with the removal of moisture. According to the drying, although the surface of the alloy is oxidized, the decrease in the high rate discharge characteristics is limited, which is preferable. This is thought to be due to the fact that a thin oxide film is formed on the surface of the alloy so that it is re-reduced by the activation of the battery after the battery is installed and the oxide layer is peeled off.
- the surface layer is formed by immersing the hydrogen storage alloy powder in an alkaline solution, the activity of the hydrogen storage alloy powder as an active material is improved, so that good high rate discharge performance can be obtained in the initial stage.
- the alkali resistance of the alloy is dramatically improved. I found something to do. Furthermore, it has been found that the rare earth species has extremely high rate discharge characteristics and has the effect of improving alkali resistance. Specifically, heavy rare earths, especially Er oxides or hydroxides are mixed and added. As a result, it was found that a hydrogen storage electrode having excellent alkali resistance and excellent high rate discharge characteristics can be obtained. It was also found that a hydrogen storage electrode with significantly superior alkali resistance can be obtained when Yb oxide or hydroxide is mixed and added.
- the hydrogen storage electrode according to the present invention is a hydrogen storage alloy powder having a mass saturation magnetization of 1.0 to 6.5 emu / g and one type selected from Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.
- the above rare earth element compound is the main component.
- the ratio of these rare earth elements to the total rare earth elements is preferably 80% by weight or more, particularly 90% by weight or more.
- Er is preferable because a hydrogen storage electrode having particularly excellent high rate discharge characteristics can be obtained.
- Yb is preferable because it exhibits a particularly remarkable effect in improving corrosion resistance.
- the rare earth element compound exhibits the anti-corrosion action of the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the rare earth element hydroxide forms a film on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder to form a hydrogen storage alloy. It is considered that the anti-corrosion action is exerted.
- Yb hydroxide is highly dispersible in Al-electrolyte and forms a homogeneous film, which is considered to exhibit a particularly excellent anticorrosive action.
- the Er hydroxide has high dispersibility, the particle size in the dispersed state is larger than that of other rare earth hydroxides, and the formed coating inhibits the diffusion of the electrolyte.
- the anti-corrosion action compared to the hydrogen storage electrode with the Yb compound added Although it is inferior, it is considered that a hydrogen storage electrode having particularly excellent high rate discharge characteristics can be obtained by adding an Er compound to the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the mixing ratio of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the rare earth element compound is an extremely important factor because it greatly affects the high rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics of the hydrogen storage electrode.
- the ratio between the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the rare earth element compound is preferably 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight of the rare earth element compound with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy.
- the rare earth element compound is preferably 0.7 to 1.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy.
- the ratio of the rare earth element compound is less than 0.3 parts by weight, the corrosion resistance of the hydrogen storage alloy powder may not be improved, and the effect of improving the cycle characteristics may not be obtained.
- the amount exceeds 1.5 parts by weight the electrode reaction of the hydrogen storage electrode is greatly hindered and the high rate discharge characteristics are remarkably deteriorated.
- the hydrogen overvoltage of the hydrogen storage electrode may decrease, and the amount of hydrogen generated during charging may increase.
- a rare earth element is added to the hydrogen storage alloy as a constituent of the alloy, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder comes into contact with the alkaline electrolyte.
- a method of eluting rare earth elements from alloy powders to generate hydroxides is also conceivable, if the rare earth elements that are the subject of the present invention are added as constituent elements of the alloy, mass saturation will occur even if they are immersed in an alkaline solution. There is a drawback that the magnetization is difficult to rise.
- the rare earth elements that elute when the hydrogen storage alloy powder is brought into contact with the alkaline solution are rare earth elements contained in the vicinity of the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the absolute amount of rare earth elements is insufficient to form a film. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the effect of adding rare earth elements.
- the powder should be added to the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the rare earth element compound in the process of mixing and adding to the hydrogen storage alloy powder is not particularly limited, but it does not change the concentration of the electrolyte by reacting with the electrolyte and is easily available. Some are preferred. Specifically, oxides and hydroxides are preferable. In particular, when an oxide is added, the oxide This is preferable because it is easily dissolved and then re-precipitated as a hydroxide in the process of being precipitated as a fine hydroxide or is distributed uniformly on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, so that a remarkable effect of addition can be easily obtained.
- the average particle size of the commercially available Er or Yb oxide or hydroxide powder is 8 to 15 im and exceeds 5.
- the added Er or Yb oxide or hydroxide powder exhibits excellent corrosion protection and high cycle characteristics, and the average particle size is not more than 3.5 / _im. More preferably.
- the average particle size (050) of the oxide or hydroxide of Er or Yb is preferably 0.1 to 3 mm, more preferably 0.1 to l / _im. . If the average particle size is less than 0.1 m, the process may be complicated and expensive, and if it exceeds 3 ⁇ m, it is difficult to be adsorbed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. There is a possibility that a proper film cannot be formed.
- the oxides or hydroxides of Er and Yb are made fine powders. Compared with a powder having a large average particle size, the dispersibility of the powder itself is enhanced, and the powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Also, at least a part of the oxide or hydroxide powder of Er or Yb mixed and added to the hydrogen storage alloy powder reacts with the alkaline electrolyte after the hydrogen storage electrode is incorporated into the battery, but it is slowly electrolyzed. Reacts with liquid and turns into hydroxide.
- the generated hydroxide is considered to gather near the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder having a base potential. If the particle size of the added Er or Yb oxide or hydroxide powder is small, the reaction with the electrolyte is promoted, and the generated hydroxide is more likely to collect on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Extremely excellent It is considered that the anticorrosive action is exhibited.
- these rare earth element oxide or hydroxide powders mixed and added to the hydrogen storage alloy powder are also referred to as corrosion inhibitors.
- the oxides and hydroxides of Er are less dispersed in the hydrogen storage electrode than the oxides and hydroxides of Yb. This is because the corrosion resistance of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is slightly inferior to the oxides and hydroxides of Yb. However, even when Er oxide or hydroxide is added, the reaction resistance of the hydrogen storage electrode does not increase greatly, and when the oxide or hydroxide is not added, high output characteristics that are almost inferior are obtained. I found out that On the other hand, Yb oxides and hydroxides have a very excellent anti-corrosive action over Er oxides and hydroxides because of their good dispersibility in the hydrogen storage electrode.
- rare earth elements have similar chemical properties, it is difficult to obtain a single rare earth element, and other rare earth elements are likely to be mixed.
- oxides and hydroxides of Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu are effective as corrosion inhibitors. If rare earth elements other than Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu are mixed in the corrosion inhibitor, the corrosion protection effect may be impaired. For this reason, in the present invention, it is preferable to avoid mixing rare earth elements other than Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu in the corrosion inhibitor.
- the ratio of Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu to the rare earth elements contained in the corrosion inhibitor is 80% or more (preferably 90% or more) by weight, It was found that even if rare earth elements are mixed, an excellent corrosion protection effect can be obtained.
- the addition of Er oxide or hydroxide as described above can improve the corrosion resistance of the hydrogen storage alloy powder without substantially increasing the reaction resistance of the hydrogen storage electrode.
- Addition of Yb oxide or hydroxide slightly increases the reaction resistance of the hydrogen storage electrode, but is effective in significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. like this
- the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is preferably set to 1 to 6 emu / g, and preferably set to 2 to 6 emuZg. Incidentally, it was observed that a catalyst layer having a thickness of 50 nm or more was formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder applied to the hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention.
- the particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder applied to the hydrogen storage alloy electrode according to the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder preferably has an average particle size of 10 to 30 m. If the average particle size is less than 10 ⁇ m, the corrosion resistance to the electrolytic solution is inferior, and good cycle performance may not be obtained. If the average particle size exceeds 3, corrosion and corrosion may be promoted because a new surface is formed by refining when charge and discharge are repeated. In addition, if an alloy with an average particle size of 30 m or more is used, it takes a long time to obtain a specific mass saturation magnetization, and no significant improvement is seen in high-rate discharge characteristics. It is not preferable.
- the average particle size of the applied hydrogen storage alloy powder Is preferably 30 m or less. In order to obtain a high cycle life, the particle size is preferably 10 m or more, and more preferably 20 m or more.
- a pulverizer or a classifier is used.
- a mortar, a pole mill, a sand mill, a vibrating pole mill, a planetary pole mill, a jet mill, a counter-jet mill, a swirling air jet mill or a sieve can be used.
- wet pulverization may be used using water or an aqueous solution containing an alkali metal.
- sieves and wind classifiers are used as needed for both dry and wet methods. '
- the negative electrode active material which is a main component of the negative electrode has been described in detail.
- the hydrogen storage electrode includes a conductive agent, a binder, a thickener, a filler, etc. You may contain as another structural component.
- the positive electrode may contain a conductive agent, a binder, a thickener, a filler, and the like as other components.
- the conductive agent is not limited as long as it is an electron conductive material that does not adversely affect the battery performance.
- natural graphite flaky graphite, earthy graphite, etc.
- artificial graphite carbon black
- acetylene black ketjen black
- Conductive materials such as carbon whisker, carbon fiber, vapor grown carbon, metal (copper, nickel, gold, etc.) powder, metal fiber, etc. can be included as one kind or a mixture thereof.
- ketjen black is preferable as the conductive agent because it is excellent in electronic conductivity and coatability.
- the addition amount of the conductive agent is preferably 0.1% by weight to 2% by weight with respect to the total weight of the positive electrode or the negative electrode because it does not significantly reduce the capacity of the negative electrode while having conductivity.
- ketjen black is preferably used after being pulverized into ultrafine particles of 0.1 to 0.5 m because the required carbon amount can be reduced.
- thermoplastic resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), and sulfonation are usually used.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer
- SBR Styrene Rubber
- Fluoro rubber etc. It can be used as a mixture of two or more.
- the addition amount of the binder is preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.
- polysaccharides such as carboxymethyl cellulose (C M C), methyl cellulose (M C), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (H P M C) can be usually used as one type or a mixture of two or more types.
- the addition amount of the thickener is preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight based on the total weight of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.
- any material that does not adversely affect the battery performance may be used.
- olefin-based polymers such as polypropylene and polyethylene, carbon and the like are used.
- the addition amount of the filler is preferably 5% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the positive electrode or the negative electrode.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are prepared by mixing the active material, the conductive agent, and the binder in an organic solvent such as water, alcohol, and toluene, and then mixing the resulting mixture on the current collector described in detail below. It is suitably produced by applying and drying.
- the coating method for example, it can be formed into an arbitrary thickness and an arbitrary shape using means such as a mouth coat coating such as an appliqué overnight roll, a screen coating, a doctor blade method, a spin coating, a barco evening. Although it is desirable to apply, it is not limited to these.
- the current collector may be anything as long as it is an electronic conductor that does not adversely affect the constructed battery.
- steel plates with nickel or nickel plating can be used suitably, and 2D equipment such as punched steel sheets can be used in addition to foam, formed fiber groups, and uneven 3D equipment. .
- the thickness is not particularly limited, but a thickness of 5 to 700 m is used.
- the current collector for the positive electrode use a porous structure foam made of Ni, which is excellent in corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance against alkalis. Is preferred.
- the current collector for the hydrogen storage electrode it is preferable to use a perforated plate (punching body) in which nickel foil is applied to iron foil that is inexpensive and excellent in electrical conductivity to improve reduction resistance.
- the punched diameter of the perforated plate is 1.7 mm or less and the aperture ratio is 40% or more. This enables excellent adhesion between the negative electrode active material and the current collector even with a small amount of binder. It will be something.
- nickel collector surface treated with Ni powder, carbon or platinum for the purpose of improving adhesion, conductivity and oxidation resistance. be able to. The surface of these materials can be oxidized.
- the separator for a nickel metal hydride battery it is preferable to use a porous membrane or the like that exhibits excellent rate characteristics alone or in combination.
- the material constituting these non-woven fabrics include polyolefin resins such as PE and PP, and polyamide resins (nylon).
- the porosity of the separator evening is 80% by volume or less from the viewpoint of securing the strength of the separator evening, preventing the occurrence of an internal short circuit due to the penetration of the electrode through the separator evening, and ensuring gas permeability.
- the porosity is preferably 20% by volume or more from the viewpoint of keeping the electric resistance of the separator overnight low and ensuring excellent high rate characteristics.
- a hydrophilic treatment to Separe overnight.
- a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene that has been subjected to sulfonated treatment, corona treatment, PVA treatment on the surface, or a mixture of those already subjected to these treatments may be used.
- the electrolytic solution one that is generally proposed for use in an Al power battery or the like can be used.
- Water may be used as a solvent, and solutes may include, but are not limited to, K, Na, Li alone or a mixture of two or more thereof.
- concentration of the electrolyte salt electrolytic solution in order to ensure the cell having high battery characteristics, potassium hydroxide 5 to 7 mol Z dm 3, lithium hydroxide 0. The 1 ⁇ 0. 8 mol Z dm 3 An aqueous solution containing is preferred.
- the configuration of the nickel metal hydride battery according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a coin battery, a button battery, a square battery, a flat battery, and the like having a single layer or multiple layers separator.
- a cylindrical battery having a wound electrode group in which a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are wound in a roll shape is preferable because the number of electrode plates is small and the area of the electrode plate can be increased. .
- the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery according to the present invention is suitable by, for example, injecting an electrolyte before or after laminating the positive electrode, the separator and the negative electrode, and finally sealing with an exterior material. It is produced. Also, the positive electrode and negative electrode are stacked via a separate In a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery having a pole group formed by winding a layered laminate, an electrolytic solution is preferably injected into the power generation element before and after the winding.
- an injection method it is possible to inject at normal pressure, but a vacuum impregnation method, a pressure impregnation method, and a centrifugal impregnation method can also be used.
- Examples of the material of the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery include nickel-plated iron, stainless steel, and polyolefin resin.
- a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery according to the present invention has an inner surface of a sealing plate 0 and an upper current collector plate 2 each having a cap 6 that is one terminal of a positive electrode and a negative electrode joined to the outer surface. Connected with leads.
- the pole group 1 to which the upper current collector plate 2 and the lower current collector plate 3 are attached is stored in a bottomed cylindrical metal battery case 4, and a predetermined amount of electrolysis is obtained. After injecting the liquid, the lower current collector plate 3 and the bottom inner surface of the battery case 4 are joined by electrical resistance welding, and then the leads are connected to the inner surface (in the example shown in FIG.
- the lead is the main lead 8 and the auxiliary lead 9
- a cap 6 that is one terminal of the battery is joined to the outer surface
- the valve body 7 of the safety valve is placed in the cap
- the sealing plate 0 with the gasket 5 attached to the periphery is attached to the upper current collector plate.
- Place it on the upper side bend the open end of the battery case 4 to pinch the gasket, and then place one output terminal A (also called an electrode rod) of the electric resistance welder on the outer surface of the sealing plate 0 (or cap 6).
- Touch the other output terminal B to the bottom outer surface of the battery case 4 and pass the current required for welding through the battery.
- the lead and the upper current collector plate 2 are welded together.
- the lead and the upper current collector plate 2 are welded in a state in which the sealing plate is fixed in advance to the open end of the battery case, so there is no need to provide a bending allowance for the lead as in the prior art, and a short length
- the sealing plate and the upper current collecting plate can be connected with a single door, and the electrical resistance of the lead can be reduced compared to the conventional case.
- welding points of the current collecting lead and the sealing plate 0, and welding of the current collecting lead and the upper current collecting plate 2 are required.
- the ratio of the length of the current collecting lead connecting the points P 1 to the gap between the sealing plate 0 and the upper current collecting plate 2 is preferably 2.1 or less, and more preferably 1.7 or less.
- the current that is passed through the battery for the welding is preferably an alternating pulse energization because it can suppress the decomposition of the electrolyte solution due to the energization.
- An example of the lead is shown in FIG.
- the lead is composed of, for example, a ring-shaped main lead 8 and an auxiliary lead 9, and a plurality of protrusions are formed on one end surface of the main lead 8 in order to improve the joining when joining the sealing plate by electric resistance welding. (Projection 11 is formed, and an auxiliary lead 9 is joined to the other end face.
- the auxiliary lead 9 includes a plurality of protruding pieces 9 ′ protruding inward from the ring of the ring-shaped main lead 8.
- the projecting piece may protrude toward the outside of the ring), and the tip of the projecting piece 9 'is joined when the projecting piece is joined to the upper surface of the upper current collector plate 2 by electric resistance welding.
- a projection 10 is provided for smoothness, and the projection 9 'projects below the main lead 8 as shown in Fig. 2 and has elasticity against vertical deformation.
- the upper current collector 2 has a disk shape, has a through hole in the center, and has a plurality of slits 2-2 extending radially from the center.
- the sheet is effective in reducing the reactive current when the upper current collecting plate is joined to the winding end face of the pole group by electric resistance welding.
- the teeth provided along the two opposite sides of the slit (the tooth of the evening) 2-3 and the end of the long side of the pole plate protruding from the winding end face of the pole group are substantially orthogonal, and both are joined .
- the radius of the upper current collector 2 and the radius of the pole group 1 are approximately equal for the teeth and the long edge of the electrode plate to cross over the entire substrate of the long edge (however, the upper collector It is preferable that the electric plate does not protrude outside the winding end face of the pole group), and that the center of the circle of the upper current collecting plate and the center of the circle of the winding end face of the pole group overlap.
- the lead and the upper current collecting plate 2 are preferably joined at a plurality of welding points (P 1 in FIG. 1).
- the number of welding points varies depending on the size of the battery and is not particularly limited. However, it is preferably 2 to 16, more preferably 4 to 16. Also, in order to prevent a large difference in the distance from each part of the electrode plate to the welding point. It is preferable to arrange the welding points P2 at equal intervals on one or more circles that are concentric with the current collector plate.
- the welding is preferable because a point exists in the central portion of the long side of the electrode plate and the current collecting function is enhanced, so that high output characteristics can be obtained.
- the lower current collector plate 3 and the bottom inner surface of the battery case 4 are preferably joined at a plurality of welding points P 2 as shown in FIG. 1 in addition to the center of the lower current collector plate.
- the lower current collecting plate 3 has a disk shape like the upper current collecting plate 2 and has a plurality of slits extending radially from the center.
- a plurality of protrusions 14 are provided in addition to the center and center.
- the number of protrusions 14 other than the center varies depending on the size of the battery and is not particularly limited.
- test method and the positive electrode active material of the battery, the negative electrode material, The positive electrode, the negative electrode, the electrolyte, the separator and the battery shape are arbitrary.
- the hydrogen-desorbed alloy powder from which hydrogen had been desorbed was dried in hot air at a temperature of 80 ° C for 30 minutes.
- E r 2 ⁇ 3 average particle size (D50) 1 oxide Erupiu beam (E r 2 ⁇ 3) 1 part by weight to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and mixed.
- the mixture obtained by the mixing and the styrene butadiene copolymer were mixed at a ratio of 99.35: 0.65, dispersed in water containing a dispersant to make a paste, and a blade co Then, it is applied to a punched steel plate with nickel plating on iron, dried at 80, and then pressed to a predetermined thickness.
- a hydrogen storage electrode master plate having a width of 44 mm was obtained.
- the ratio of E r of the rare-earth element contained in the E r 2 ⁇ 3 is about 97%, Dy traces as an impurity (0.5 to 1.5 wt%), Ho, Tm, Yb including.
- the hydrogen storage electrode base plate was cut to 30 ⁇ 30 mm to obtain a plate for a hydrogen storage electrode single electrode cell having a capacity of about 47 OmAh. Lead terminals were joined to the electrode plate by spot welding.
- the hydrogen storage electrode was sandwiched between separate electrodes, and two nickel electrodes having a capacity twice that of the hydrogen storage electrode were placed outside the separate surface, forming a single electrode evaluation electrode group. This electrode group was placed in an open cell, filled with electrolyte, and a mercury mercury oxide reference electrode (Hg / HgO) was inserted to form a hydrogen storage electrode single electrode cell (hereinafter referred to as a single electrode cell).
- Hg / HgO mercury mercury oxide reference electrode
- the single electrode cell fabricated as described above was charged with 25% of the capacity of the hydrogen storage electrode at 0.02 It A at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C, and then the capacity of the hydrogen storage electrode at 0.1 It A. Charged 100% of the capacity. After a 1-hour rest, discharge was performed at 0.21 tA until the potential of the hydrogen storage electrode with respect to the reference electrode reached 0.6 V. In addition, after 120% charge at 0.1 It A, it was stopped for 1 hour, and then discharged to 0.6 V with respect to the reference electrode at 0.2 It A. The charging / discharging was repeated 4 times. The discharge capacity per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy was calculated from the discharge capacity obtained in the fourth discharge of the charge / discharge cycle.
- Example 2 In the step of surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (1st step: immersion treatment), a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the immersion treatment time was 1.3 hours. Was measured. This example is referred to as Example 2.
- a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (step 1: immersion treatment) was performed with the exception that the immersion treatment time was 1.8 hours.
- the discharge capacity was measured. This example is referred to as Example 3.
- a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the immersion treatment time was 2.5 hours in the step of surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (first step: immersion treatment). Was measured.
- This example is referred to as Example 4.
- a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the immersion treatment time was set to 3.5 hours in the step of surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (first step: immersion treatment). Was measured.
- This example is referred to as Example 5.
- a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the immersion treatment time was set to 4.5 hours in the step of surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (first step: immersion treatment). Was measured.
- This example is referred to as Example 6.
- a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the immersion treatment time was set to 5.0 hours in the step of surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (first step: immersion treatment). Was measured.
- This example is referred to as Example 7. '
- a monopolar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the immersion treatment time was 5.5 hours in the step of surface modification treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder (first step: immersion treatment). Was measured.
- This example is referred to as Example 8.
- Example 1 the immersion treatment time of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 0 minutes, 24 minutes, 6 Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 1.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- Table 1 shows the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powders of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and the discharge capacity per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the capacity is compared with the discharge capacity at the fourth cycle.
- the table of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is used.
- the mass saturation magnetization in the range of 0.5 to 4 emuZg. More preferably, it is set to 3 emuZg.
- Example 9 an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide (E r 2 ⁇ 3) was added and mixed powder 1 / im ytterbium oxide (2 ⁇ 3 Yb). Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 1.
- This example is referred to as Example 9.
- Example 2 ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 O 3 ) powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 zm was added to and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder instead of erbium oxide (E r 2 0 3 ). Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 2. This example is referred to as Example 10.
- Example 3 an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide (E r 2 ⁇ 3) was added and mixed ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 ⁇ 3) powder of 1 m. Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 3. This example is referred to as Example 11. (Example 12)
- Example 4 the average particle size in place of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide (E r 2 ⁇ 3) (D50) was added to and mixed with ytterbium oxide (YbsO ⁇ powder 1 im. Unipolar cells other The configuration and test method were the same as in Example 4. This example is referred to as Example 12.
- Example 13 the hydrogen absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide mean particle size in place of (E r 2 ⁇ 3) (D50) was added and mixed ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 ⁇ 3) powder of 1 z / m. Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 5. This example is referred to as Example 13.
- Example 6 an average particle size in place of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide (E r 2 ⁇ 3) (D50) was added and mixed ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 0 3) 'powder 1 zm. Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 6. This example is referred to as Example 14.
- Example 7 an average particle size in place of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide (E r 2 0 3) ( D50) was added and mixed ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 ⁇ 3) powder of 1 m. Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 7. This example is referred to as Example 15.
- Example 8 ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 O 3 ) powder having an average particle size (D50) of 1 zm was added to and mixed with hydrogen storage alloy powder instead of erbium oxide (E r 2 0 3 ). Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 8. This example is referred to as Example 16. (Comparative Examples 5-8)
- Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Ete average particle diameter Glue hydrogen absorbing alloy powder in erbium oxide (E r 2 O 3) ( D 50) was added and mixed 1 Myupaiiota ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 ⁇ 3) powder. Other than that, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as those in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 5-8. Table 2 shows the discharge capacity per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy powders of Examples 9 to 16 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8. Table 2
- Example 5 0.3 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 having an average particle diameter (D 5 0) of 1 m was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the configuration and test method were the same as in Example 5. This example is referred to as Example 17.
- Example 5 0.5 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 having an average particle diameter (D 5 0) of 1 m was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the configuration and test method were the same as in Example 5.
- This example is referred to as Example 18. '
- Example 5 0.7 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 having an average particle diameter (D 5 0) of 1 m was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the configuration and test method were the same as in Example 5. This example will be referred to as Example 19.
- Example 5 1.5 parts by weight of Er 2 0 3 having an average particle diameter (D 5 0) of 1 m was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the configuration and test method were the same as in Example 5. This example is referred to as Example 20.
- Example 5 it is not a rare earth element oxide (E r 2 ⁇ 3), and E r 2 ⁇ 3 to hydrogen absorbing alloy powder 1 0 0 parts by weight 0.1, 2, 3 parts by weight of additives Otherwise, the configuration of the monopolar cell and the test method were the same as in Example 5.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 9-12.
- Table 3 shows the discharge capacity per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy powder of the hydrogen storage alloy powders of Examples 17 to 20 and Comparative Examples 9 to 12. Table 3
- Comparative Example 1 1 and Comparative Example 1 2 are expected to have a larger capacity drop when high rate discharge is performed from a small discharge capacity even in 0.2 It A discharge. It can be seen that the mixing amount of Er 2 0 3 is preferably 1.5 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy.
- Example 1 0.3 part by weight of Yb 2 0 3 having an average particle diameter (D 5 0) of l zrn was added and mixed with 100 parts by weight of hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the rest was a single electrode cell.
- the configuration and test method were the same as those in Example 13. This example is referred to as Example 21.
- Example 13 0.5 parts by weight of Yb 2 O 3 having an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 / xm was added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the rest was configured as a single electrode cell.
- the test method was the same as Example 13. This example is referred to as Example 22.
- Example 13 0.7 parts by weight of Yb 2 0 3 with an average particle diameter (D5 0) of 1 m was added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the others were configured and tested for a single electrode cell. The method was the same as in Example 13. This example is referred to as Example 23.
- Example 13 1.5 parts by weight of Yb 2 0 3 with an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 Aim was added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the rest was configured and tested for a single electrode cell. The method was the same as in Example 13. This example is referred to as Example 24.
- Example 13 0.1 average particle size (D 5 0) is 1 / Yb 2 ⁇ 3 im to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, 2, 3 parts by weight of additives were mixed, and the other is a single
- the polar cell configuration and test method were the same as in Example 13.
- the examples are referred to as Comparative Examples 13-15.
- Table 4 shows the discharge capacity per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy powders of the hydrogen storage alloy powders of Examples 21 to 24, Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Examples 13 to 15. Table 4
- the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the monopolar cell of Example 1 of (1) was cut to a size of 44 ⁇ 13 Omm to obtain a hydrogen storage electrode.
- the capacity of the hydrogen storage electrode was 2 95 OmA.h.
- the high-density nickel hydroxide particles were put into an alkaline aqueous solution controlled to PHI 0 to 13 with sodium hydroxide. While stirring the solution, an aqueous solution containing cobalt sulfate and ammonia of a predetermined concentration was added dropwise. During this time, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise appropriately to maintain the pH of the reaction bath in the range of 10-13. The pH was maintained in the range of 11 to 12 for about 1 hour, and a surface layer made of a mixed hydroxide containing Co was formed on the surface of the nickel hydroxide particles. The ratio of the surface layer of the mixed hydroxide was 4.0 wt% with respect to the core layer mother particles (hereinafter simply referred to as the core layer).
- the body nickel cell # 8 manufactured by Sumitomo Electric
- Teflon registered trademark
- the hydrogen storage electrode and the sulfonated 110-m-thick polypropylene non-woven separator and the nickel electrode plate were combined and wound into a roll to obtain a 6.8 MZ 1 aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. Then, an alkaline electrolyte dissolved in 0.81 lithium hydroxide was injected, and an AA cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery with a valve opening pressure of 3 megapascals (MPa) was produced.
- the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery produced as described above was left for 12 hours at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C.
- the formed battery is charged at 0.1 It A for 16 hours, and left at an ambient temperature of 5 ° C for 5 hours, and then discharged at a discharge rate of 3 It A and a discharge cut voltage of 0.8 V.
- the discharge capacity was determined as the discharge capacity when 3 It A discharge was performed, and the ratio (%) to the discharge capacity (10%) when the 0.2 It A discharge was performed was evaluated. In order to apply to applications that require high output such as HEVs and power tools, it is necessary to obtain a capacity of 80% or more in the discharge.
- the formed battery is charged at 0.1 It A for 16 hours, left at ambient temperature 5 for 5 hours, and then discharged at a discharge rate of 5 It A and a discharge cut voltage of 0.8 V.
- the discharge capacity was the discharge capacity when 5 I t A discharge was performed, and the evaluation was based on the ratio (%) to the discharge capacity (100%) when the 0. '2 It A discharge was performed. In order to apply to applications that require high output such as HEVs and power tools, it is particularly desirable to obtain a capacity of 80% or more in the discharge.
- the formed battery is charged at 0.1 It A for 16 hours and left at an ambient temperature of 5 ° C for 5 hours, and then discharged at a discharge rate of 8 It A and a discharge cut voltage of 0.8 V.
- the discharge capacity was determined as the discharge capacity when 8 I t A discharge was performed, and the ratio (%) to the discharge capacity (100%) when 0.21 t A discharge was performed was evaluated. In order to apply to applications that require high output such as HEVs and power tools, it is desirable to obtain a capacity of 85% or more in the discharge.
- the formed battery is charged at 0.1 It A for 16 hours and left at an ambient temperature of 5 ° C for 5 hours, and then discharged at a discharge rate of 10 It A and a discharge cut voltage of 0.8 V.
- the measured discharge capacity was taken as the discharge capacity when 10 I t A was discharged, and was evaluated as a ratio (%) to the discharge capacity (100%) when 2 I t A was discharged.
- the discharge capacity (ratio) was determined to be undischargeable when the discharge capacity (ratio) was less than 30% in any discharge of 3 to 10 ItA discharge.
- the formed battery was subjected to a charge / discharge cycle test at ambient temperatures of 45 ° C and 20 ° C.
- the test conditions for the ambient temperature of 45 ° C are: 1 It A-charge until AV changes to 5 mV, discharge as 1 I t A, discharge cut voltage 1.0 V did.
- the charge / discharge cycle was repeated with the charge / discharge as one cycle, and the cycle life of the battery was defined as the number of cycles when the discharge capacity was less than 80% of the discharge capacity in the first cycle of the charge / discharge cycle test.
- the test conditions at an ambient temperature of 20 were that charging was performed at 0.5 It A until a fluctuation of 5 mV occurred, and discharging was performed at a discharge rate of 0.5 It A for 1.6 hours.
- the charge / discharge cycle was repeated, and the cycle was repeated until the discharge voltage reached 0.9 V.
- the cycle was defined as the cycle life of the battery.
- the cycle test at an ambient temperature of 45 ° C is a test that is assumed to be used in the extreme heat. In the cycle test, it is particularly desirable that the cycle life is 2500 cycles or more, and 30.0 cycles or more. Furthermore, it is desirable that the cycle is 400 cycles or more. In addition, a cycle test was conducted at 20 ° C assuming that it would be used at room temperature.
- Example 26 The same procedure as in Example 25 except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the monopolar cell in Example 2 of (1) was cut into a dimension of 44 x 13 mm to obtain a hydrogen storage electrode. Cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries were fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 26. (Example 2 7)
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 25 except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 3 in (1) was cut into a dimension of 44 x 13 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. Cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries were fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 2 7.
- Example 28 Same as Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the monopolar cell of Example 4 in (1) was cut into a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm as a hydrogen storage electrode. Cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries were fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 28.
- Example 29 The same procedure as in Example 25 except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 5 in (1) was cut to a size of 44 x 13 mm to obtain a hydrogen storage electrode. Cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries were fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 29.
- Example 30 Same as Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the monopolar cell of Example 6 of (1) was cut into a dimension of 44 x 13 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. Cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries were fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is designated Example 30.
- Example 31 The same as Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the monopolar cell of Example 7 of (1) was cut into a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm and used as a hydrogen storage electrode.
- a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery was fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 31. (Example 3 2)
- Example 3 Same as Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the monopolar cell of Example 8 of (1) above was cut into a dimension of 44 x 13 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. Cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries were fabricated, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 3 2.
- Example 25 the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the single electrode cell of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate, and the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery having the same configuration as in Example 25 was used.
- the test method was the same as in Example 25.
- the examples are referred to as Comparative Examples 16 to 9.
- Table 5 shows the test results of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries according to Examples 2 5 to 3 2 and Comparative Examples 1 6 to 19. Table 5
- Comparative Examples 16 and 17 have inferior low-temperature and high-rate discharge characteristics, whereas Examples 2 5 to 3 2 and Comparative Examples 1 8 and 1 9 both have 3 I t A Discharge capacity in discharge is 90% or more.
- the cycle performance is inferior.
- Comparative Examples 16 and 17 as shown by the fact that the value of the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is low, the activation of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is insufficient, so It is considered that the rate discharge characteristics are inferior.
- Comparative Examples 18 and 19 as shown in Table 1 (Comparative Examples 3 and 4), as can be seen from the low discharge capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy, sufficient charge reserve is provided for the negative electrode (hydrogen storage electrode). It is considered that the cycle characteristics were inferior due to failure to secure the value.
- Examples 25 to 32 are hydrogen storage electrodes to which Er 2 0 3 is added, and have a mass saturation magnetization of 1 to 6.5 emu / It turns out that it is good to apply.
- the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is preferably 2 to 6.5 emu, more preferably 4 to 6.5 emu / g, and particularly preferably 4 to 6 emu / g. Further, when the cycle characteristics are compared, it is found that the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is preferably 1 to 6 emu / g, and more preferably 1 to 5 emu / g. Therefore, in order to combine the E r. 2 0 3 excellent low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics in the hydrogen absorbing electrode was added, the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is. 2 to 6 emu / g It is preferably 2 to 5 e mu / g.
- a cylindrical nickel hydrogen storage battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 25 except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 9 was cut into a size of 44 ⁇ 130 mm to obtain a hydrogen storage electrode. Chemicalized and tested. This example is referred to as Example 33.
- Example 34 A cylindrical nickel hydrogen storage battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 10 was cut to a size of 44 x 130 mm to obtain a hydrogen storage electrode. , Formed and tested. This example will be referred to as Example 34. (Example 3 5)
- Example 1 Cylindrical nickel as in Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of 1 was cut into a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. A hydrogen storage battery was made, formed, and tested. This example will be referred to as Example 35.
- Example 1 Cylindrical nickel as in Example 25 except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of 2 was cut to a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. A hydrogen storage battery was made, 'formed and tested. This example is referred to as Example 36.
- Example 1 Cylindrical nickel as in Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of 3 was cut to a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. A hydrogen storage battery was made, formed, and tested. This example will be referred to as Example 37.
- Example 1 Cylindrical nickel as in Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode original plate applied to the single electrode cell of 4 was cut to a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. A hydrogen storage battery was made, formed, and tested. This example will be referred to as Example 38.
- Example 1 Cylindrical nickel as in Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 5 was cut to a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. A hydrogen storage battery was made, formed, and tested. This example is referred to as Example 39. (Example 40)
- Example 1 Cylindrical nickel as in Example 25, except that the hydrogen storage electrode base plate applied to the single electrode cell of 6 was cut to a dimension of 4 4 X 1 30 mm to make a hydrogen storage electrode. A hydrogen storage battery was made, formed, and tested. This example will be referred to as Example 40.
- Comparative Examples 16 to 19 the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the single electrode cell of Comparative Examples 5 to 8 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode master plate. Otherwise, the same as Comparative Examples 16 to 19
- the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery was configured, and the test method was the same as in Comparative Examples 16-19. This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 20 to 23.
- Table 6 shows the test results of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries according to Examples 33 to 40 and Comparative Examples 20 to 23. Table 6
- the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is preferably 1 to 6.5 emuZg, and more preferably 1 to 5 emuZg.
- the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder must be 3-5 emu Zg. Is preferred.
- Example 29 the hydrogen storage electrode base plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 17 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate, and a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery having the same configuration as in Example 29 was used. The method was the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 41.
- Example 29 the hydrogen storage electrode base plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 18 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate, and the cylindrical configuration having the same configuration as in Example 29 was applied.
- the nickel-metal hydride storage battery was used, and the test method was the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 42.
- Example 29 the hydrogen storage electrode base plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 19 was applied as the base plate for the hydrogen storage electrode, and the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery having the same configuration as that of Example 29 was used.
- the test method was also the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 43.
- Example 29 the hydrogen storage electrode base plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 20 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate, and the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery having the same configuration as in Example 29 was used.
- the test method was also the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 44.
- Example 29 the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the monopolar cell of Comparative Examples 9-12 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate, and the cylindrical nickel having the same configuration as Example 29 was used. A hydrogen storage battery was used, and the test method was the same as in Example 29.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 2 4 to 27.
- Table 7 shows the test results of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride batteries according to Example 29 'and Examples 4 1 to 4 4 and Comparative Example 2 4 to 27. Table 7
- Comparative Example 2 6 in the case of Comparative Example 2 7, the amount of E r 2 ⁇ 3 is excessive, becomes low temperature high rate discharge characteristics inferior results to the electronic conduction and charge transfer reactions of the hydrogen storage electrode was prevented It is thought.
- the addition ratio of rare earth elements was found to be an important factor that greatly affects the low temperature and high rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics of the hydrogen storage alloy electrode.
- Comparative Example 24 Although it exhibits excellent high-rate discharge characteristics as shown in Table 7 at the beginning of the cycle, the low temperature and high rate during the charge / discharge cycle test at 45 ° C. According to the results of the discharge test, 3 I t A discharge became impossible, but in Examples 4 1 and 4 2 after 2 550 cycles passed, in Examples 2 9 and 4 3 and 4 4 after 3 0 cycles passed Even in the case of a 31 tA discharge, characteristics exceeding 80% were obtained. In Comparative Example 24, in which the hydrogen storage alloy powder was simply alkali-immersed as shown above, the high-rate discharge characteristics in the initial stage were excellent, but the high-rate discharge characteristics declined rapidly during the charge / discharge cycle. It was found that the example batteries according to the present invention were able to maintain excellent high-rate discharge characteristics over a long period of time, even when the charge / discharge cycle was performed.
- Example 37 the hydrogen storage electrode base plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 21 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate.
- the test method was the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 45.
- Example 37 a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery having the same configuration as in Example 37 except that the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 22 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode master plate.
- the test method was the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 46.
- Example 37 a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery having the same configuration as in Example 37 except that the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the single electrode cell of Example 23 was used as the hydrogen storage electrode master plate.
- the test method was the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 47.
- Example 37 suitable for the monopolar cell of Example 24 as a master plate for a hydrogen storage electrode
- the same material as in Example 37 was used except for the hydrogen storage electrode base plate used, and the test method was the same as in Example 37.
- This example is designated Example 48.
- Example 37 the hydrogen storage electrode master plate applied to the single electrode cell of Comparative Examples 13 to 15 was applied as the hydrogen storage electrode base plate, and a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery having the same configuration as in Example 37 was used.
- the test method was the same as in Example 37.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 28-30.
- Table 8 shows the test results of the cylindrical Nigel hydrogen storage battery according to Example 37 and Examples 45 to 48, Comparative Example 24, and Comparative Examples 28 to 30. Table 8
- Example 49 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 29, an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the E r 2 ⁇ 3 was added and mixed Dy 2 ⁇ 3 of 1 m in the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. Incidentally, Dy 2 ⁇ 3 used in here are those purity of 95% or more. This example is referred to as Example 49.
- Example 50 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 29, an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the E r 2 0 3 was added and mixed Ho 2 ⁇ 3 of 1 m in the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. Ho 2 0 3 used here has a purity of 95% or more. This example is referred to as Example 50.
- Example 51 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 29, an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the E r 2 0 3 was added and mixed Tm 2 ⁇ 3 of 1 m in the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. Incidentally, Tm 2 ⁇ 3 used in here are those purity of 95% or more. This example is referred to as Example 51.
- Example 29 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 29, an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the E r 2 ⁇ 3 'was added to and mixed with Lu 2 0 3 of 1 m in the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. Incidentally, Lu 2 ⁇ 3 used in here are those purity of 95% or more.
- Example 5 2
- Example 29 an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the E r 2 0 3 was added and mixed 1 Y 2 0 3, G d 2_Rei 3 hydrogen absorbing alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel hydrogen storage battery were the same as in Example 29.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Examples 31 and 32.
- Table 9 shows the test results of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries according to Examples 29 and 37 and Examples 49 to 52, Comparative Example 24, and Comparative Examples 31 and 32. Table 9
- Examples 49, 29, 50, 51, 37, and 52 have better cycle characteristics at 45 ° C than Comparative Example 31 to which Y 2 0 3 was added.
- Comparative Example 24 Gd 2 ⁇ 3 low temperature high rate discharge characteristics as compared with Comparative Example 3 2 with the addition of rare earth elements not added, is superior in cycle characteristics both at 45 ° C. Therefore, it can be seen that the addition of these rare earth oxides is effective in improving the high-rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics of nickel-metal hydride batteries equipped with a hydrogen storage electrode using a hydrogen storage alloy as an active material. .
- Example 29 with the addition of E r 2 ⁇ 3, low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristics can be achieved with particularly excellent as compared with the embodiment in which the addition of other rare earth elements other than E r 2 ⁇ 3 I understand that.
- Example 53 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode master plate of Example 29, instead of E r 2 0 3 , the average particle diameter (D 50) is 1 zm of E r 2 0 3 90 wt%, G d 2 0 3 10 wt% The mixture was added and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 53.
- Example 54 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode master plate of Example 29, instead of E r 2 0 3 , the average particle diameter (D 50) is 1 m of Er 2 0 3 80 wt%, G d 2 0 3 20 wt% The mixture was added and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 54.
- Example 55 In preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 37, the average particle size in place of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 (D 50) is Yb 2 ⁇ 3 90 wt% of 1 im, the G d 2 ⁇ 3 10% by weight of the mixture It added and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 55.
- Example 56 In the preparation of hydrogen-absorbing electrode plate precursors of Examples 37, Yb 2 ⁇ 3 to place an average particle size (D 50) Yb 2 ⁇ 3 80 wt% of 1 _tm, the G d 2 ⁇ 3 20% by weight of the mixture It added and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 56. (Reference examples 1 and 2)
- Example 29 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode master plate of Example 29, instead of Er 2 0 3 , the average particle diameter (D 50) was 1 m of Er 2 0 3 70 wt%, G d 2 0 3 30 wt% The mixture was added and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Reference Example 1.
- Example 29 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 29, E r 2 ⁇ 3 to place an average particle size (D 50) E r 2 0 3 90 wt% of 1 m, Yb 2 ⁇ 3 mixture of 10 wt% Were added to and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the rest of the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 57. ⁇
- Example 29 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 29, an average particle diameter (D 50) in place of the E r 2 ⁇ 3 1 m E r 2 0 3 70 wt% of, Y b 2 0 3 of 30 wt% The mixture was added to and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. The rest of the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 58.
- Example 60 In the preparation of original sheet for hydrogen storage electrodes in Example 37, the average particle size in place of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 (D 50) is Yb 2 ⁇ 3 90 wt% of 1 m, the E r 2 0 3 10% by weight of the mixture It added and mixed with the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Otherwise, the configuration and test method of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 5′9. (Example 60)
- Example 60 shows the test results of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage battery according to Example 53 60 and Reference Example 12. Table 10
- Example 53 Compared with Example 54 having 80% by weight Thus, Reference Example 1, which is 70% by weight, is inferior in both low-temperature, high-rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics.
- Example 55 in which the ratio of Yb is 90% by weight Reference Example 2 having 70% by weight is inferior in cycle characteristics to Example 55 having 80% by weight.
- the Er Yb ratio is 80 wt% or more, particularly 90 wt% or more.
- the effect is remarkable, and a hydrogen storage electrode and nickel-metal hydride storage battery with excellent low-temperature, high-rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics can be obtained. It is understood that is difficult to be demonstrated.
- the details are omitted, even in the case of adding the oxide of the hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder Dy 2 ⁇ 3, Ho 2 0 3, Tm 2 ⁇ 3, Lu rare earth elements including 2 ⁇ 3, added
- the proportion of these Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm, and Lu contained in the rare earth element is preferably 80% by weight or more, and more preferably 90% by weight or more.
- Examples 57-60 but is an example of adding and mixing E r 2 0 3, Y b 2 ⁇ 3, as shown in Table 10, E r 2 O 3 90 wt%, Yb 2 ⁇ 3 10 wt%
- the mixed addition of Example 5 7 has a slightly improved cycle characteristic, and the addition of Er has a feature that the low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristic is particularly remarkably improved.
- E r 2 O 3 '70 weight, Yb 2 ⁇ 3 30 in wt% mixture example 58 was added have faded E r addition of specific effect that good low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristics
- the characteristics of the cycle characteristics are particularly remarkably improved by the addition of Yb, while the characteristics of the Kr are slightly decreased, while the characteristics of Yb 2 0 3 70 wt. And Er 2 0 3 30 wt.
- the effect peculiar to Yb addition that the cycle characteristics are remarkably good is weakened. From this, it is more preferable to add Er and Yb alone in order to exert an effect peculiar to the addition of Er and Yb at least in the case of adding Er and Yb.
- the rare earth element selected from the group of rare earth elements is more preferable. Even when mixed with elemental elements, the ratio (weight ratio) of Er and Yb in the rare earth element to be added is preferably at least 90% by weight.
- Example 29 the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 10 m.
- Example 61 the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 61. (Example 6 2)
- Example 29 the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 20 / xm.
- Example 29 the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to as Example 62.
- Example 29 the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 5 ⁇ m, 40 jum, 50m. Other than that, the configurations and test methods of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 29. Let this example be Reference Examples 3-5.
- Example 37 the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 1.
- Example 63 the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 63.
- Example 37 the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 20 m.
- Example 6-4 the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to as Example 6-4.
- Example 37 the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was 5 u rn, 40 ⁇ m, 50 m.
- Example 37 the configurations and test methods of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 37.
- This example is referred to Reference Examples 6-8.
- Table 11 shows the test results of cylindrical nickel-metal hydride storage batteries according to Examples 6 1 to 6 4 and Reference Examples 3 to 8 together with Examples 29 and 37. Table 1 1
- the hydrogen storage alloy powder has an average particle size of 10 to 3, since both low temperature and high rate discharge characteristics and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained. It can be seen that 20 to 30 m is more preferable because particularly excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
- Reference Examples 3 and 6 in which the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 5 m are excellent in low-temperature, high-rate discharge characteristics but have poor cycle characteristics, while the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 4 Reference Examples 4 and 7, which are 0 im, and Reference Examples 5 and 8 in which the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 50 / m are inferior to the Examples in terms of low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristics.
- Example 5 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode master plate of Example 5, a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a KOH aqueous solution having a temperature of 100 ° C. and a KOH concentration of 28% by weight for 2 hours was used. Other than that, including the value of mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and monopolar cell were the same as in Example 5. This example is referred to Reference Example 9.
- Example 5 a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a 1 OH aqueous solution at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a Li OH concentration of 10% by weight for 24 hours was used in the production of a hydrogen storage electrode master plate. Others include the value of mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the configuration of the electrode and single electrode cell and the test method were the same as in Example 5. This example is referred to Reference Example 10.
- Example 13 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode master plate of Example 13, a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a hydroxylated aqueous solution of rhodium hydroxide having a temperature of 100 ° C. and a KOH concentration of 28% by weight was used. Other than that, including the value of mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and single electrode cell were the same as in Example 13. This example is referred to Reference Example 1 1.
- Example 13 a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a LiOH concentration of 10 was used for the production of a hydrogen storage electrode master plate for 24 hours.
- the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and single electrode cell were the same as in Example 13. This example is referred to as Reference Example 12.
- Example 29 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode base plate of Example 29, a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a 1: 011 aqueous solution at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a KOH concentration of 28% by weight for 2 hours was used. Other than that, including the value of mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and Nigel hydrogen storage battery were the same as in Example 29. This example is referred to Reference Example 1 3.
- Example 29 a hydrogen storage alloy powder that was immersed in an aqueous solution of OH at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a LiOH concentration of 10% by weight was used in the production of a hydrogen storage electrode master plate.
- Others were the same as in Example 29, including the value of the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode, single electrode cell, and nickel hydride storage battery. This example is referred to as Reference Example 14. ⁇
- Example 37 In the production of the hydrogen storage electrode master plate of Example 37, temperature 100 ° C, KOH concentration 2 Hydrogen-absorbing alloy powder immersed in an aqueous solution of 8% by weight hydroxylated lithium for 2 hours was used. Other than that, including the value of the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and nickel-metal hydride storage battery were the same as in Example 37. This example is referred to Reference Example 15.
- Example 37 a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution having a temperature of LL ⁇ OH concentration of 10% by weight for 24 hours was used in the production of a hydrogen storage electrode master plate.
- Example 16 a hydrogen storage alloy powder immersed in a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution having a temperature of LL ⁇ OH concentration of 10% by weight for 24 hours was used in the production of a hydrogen storage electrode master plate.
- Table 5 shows the test results of the monopolar cell according to Reference Example 9 1 2 in combination with Example 5 1 3
- Table 1 2 shows the test result of the nickel hydride storage battery according to Reference Example 1 3 1 6 in combination with Example 2 9 3 7. The results are shown in Table 13.
- Table 1 2 Table 1 2
- Table 1 3 As shown in Table 1 2 and Table 1 3, use a NaOH aqueous solution for immersion treatment. Therefore, it is preferable because a nickel-metal hydride storage battery having excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained by a much shorter immersion treatment than using a LiOH solution. Further, it is preferable because a nickel-metal hydride storage battery excellent in both low temperature and high rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics can be obtained as compared with the use of an aqueous KOH solution.
- Example 30 the average particle diameter (D 50) of Er 2 0 3 to be added was set to 0.1 m.
- D 50 the average particle diameter of Er 2 0 3 to be added
- Example 65 the configurations and test methods of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 30. This example will be referred to as Example 65.
- Example 30 the average particle diameter (D 50) of Er 2 O 3 to be added was 3 m.
- the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as those in Example 30. This example is referred to as Example 66.
- Example 3 In Example 3 0, and the average particle size of the E r 2 ⁇ 3 the addition of (D 5 0) and 5. Other than that, the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as those in Example 30. This example is referred to as Example 67.
- Example 6 In Example 38, the average particle size of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 the addition of (D 50) and 0. l ⁇ m. Other than that, the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as in Example 38. This example will be referred to as Example 68.
- Example 38 the average particle size of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 the addition of (D 50) and 3.
- Example 69 the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as those in Example 38. This example is referred to as Example 69.
- Example 38 the average particle size of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 the addition of (D 50) and 5 m.
- Example 70 the configuration and test method of the hydrogen storage electrode and the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery including the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder were the same as those in Example 38. This example is referred to as Example 70.
- Table 14 shows the test results of Examples 65 to 70 together with the test results of Example 30 and Example 38.
- Example 65 5 30 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 0.1 1 Heavy section 393
- Example 30 5 30 Er2 031 1 Single summer part 357-Example 66 5 30 Er203 3 1 part by weight 339
- Example 67 5 30 Er2 3 5 1 weight Part 264
- Example 68 5 30 Yb203 0.1 1 Sato 442
- Example 38 5 30 Yb203 1 1 part by weight 402
- Example 69 5 30 Yb203 3 1 part by weight 381
- the average particle size (D50) for both Er 2 0 3 and Yb 2 0 3 is 0.1 to 3 im compared to 5 m, especially 0.1 to 1 m. It can be seen that the cycle life at 45 ° C is excellent.
- the hydrogen storage electrode does not contain the rare earth element selected from the group. Compared to the above, it is possible to obtain a hydrogen storage electrode with excellent high-rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics.
- Ammonium complex was formed by adding ammonium sulfate and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to an aqueous solution in which nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate and cobalt sulfate were dissolved at a predetermined ratio. While the reaction system is vigorously stirred, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is further added dropwise, and the PH of the reaction system is controlled to 11-12 to form spherical high-density nickel hydroxide particles that serve as the core layer base material.
- Nickel hydroxide: zinc hydroxide : Cobalt hydroxide 88. 45: 5. 12: 1. 1
- the high-density nickel hydroxide particles were put into an alkaline aqueous solution controlled to PHI 1-12 with sodium hydroxide. While the solution was stirred, an aqueous solution containing a predetermined concentration of cobalt sulfate and ammonium sulfate was added dropwise. During this time, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was appropriately added dropwise to maintain the pH of the reaction bath in the range of 11-12. About 1 hour pH A surface layer made of a mixed hydroxide containing Co was formed on the surface of the nickel hydroxide particles. The ratio of the surface layer of the mixed hydroxide was 4.0 wt% with respect to the core layer mother particles (hereinafter simply referred to as the core layer). ⁇
- an electrode plate having an active material coating portion size of 3 Omm ⁇ 3 Omm was cut from the negative electrode to obtain a negative electrode plate for a single electrode test cell of the negative electrode described later.
- the negative electrode plate for unipolar test of the negative electrode is sandwiched between two separate plates (separate plate made of the same material as the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery described later), and doubled to the negative plate outside the separate plate.
- the two nickel electrode plates having the capacity were arranged as a single electrode evaluation electrode group, and an open cell was fabricated by injecting an electrolyte solution having the same composition as the electrolyte solution of the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery described later.
- the cell was charged with 25% of the capacity of the negative electrode at 0.02 It A at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C., and then charged with 100% of the capacity of the negative electrode at 0.1 It A.
- the battery After 1 hour of rest, the battery was discharged at 0.21 t A until the potential with respect to the negative reference electrode (HgZHgO) reached 0.6 V. Further, after charging 120% of the negative electrode capacity at 0.1 It A, the battery was rested for 1 hour and discharged until the potential of the negative electrode with respect to the reference electrode reached 0.6 V. The charge / discharge operation was repeated four times, and the discharge capacity per gram of the hydrogen storage alloy was calculated from the discharge capacity obtained in the fourth discharge.
- HgZHgO negative reference electrode
- the negative electrode plate and a non-woven polypropylene separator with a thickness of 120 / m are combined with the positive electrode plate, wound into a roll to form a pole group 1 having a radius of 15.2 mm. .
- An upper current collector plate (positive electrode current collector plate) 2 shown in FIG. 3 was joined to the end face of the positive electrode substrate protruding from one winding end face of the pole group 1 by electric resistance welding.
- the upper current collecting plate 2 has a thickness of 0.3 mm made of a nickel-plated steel plate, a circular through hole in the center, and eight slits 2-2 extending radially from the center toward the peripheral portion, and the slit 2 — Clogs with a height of 0.5 mm on the two opposing sides of 2 (parts to be inserted into the electrode substrate) 2—A disk with a radius of 14.5 mm.
- the thickness is 0.3 mm made of nickel-plated steel plate, 8 slits extending radially from the center toward the periphery, and clogs with a height of 0.5 mm on the two opposite sides of the slit (electrode A 14.5 mm disk-shaped lower current collector plate (negative electrode current collector plate, 3 in Fig. 1) with a radius of 14.5 mm and a projection (projection) that becomes a welding point with the battery case bottom 1) 14 in the center and 8 in the position 11mm away from the center of the lower current collector 3
- the lower current collector plate 3 was joined to the end face of the negative electrode base plate protruding from the other wound end face of the wound electrode group 1 by electric resistance welding.
- the height of the projection at the center of the lower current collector was set slightly lower than the height of the eight projections provided outside the center.
- a bottomed cylindrical battery case 4 made of a nickel-plated steel plate is prepared, and the pole group 1 to which the current collector plates 2 and 3 are attached, the upper current collector plate is the open end side of the battery case 4, the lower current collector accommodated in the battery container 4 as collector plate abuts against the bottom of the container 4, 6.
- 8mo lZdm 3 of K OH with 0. 8mo l / dm 3 of electrolyte solution Tokoro comprising an aqueous solution containing L i OH A fixed amount was injected.
- the output terminals A and B (also referred to as electrode rods) of the electric resistance welding machine are brought into contact with the upper collector plate 2 and the bottom surface (negative electrode terminal) of the battery case 4, and the same current is applied in the charging and discharging directions.
- the energization conditions were set so that the energization time was the same by the value. Specifically, the current value is 0.6 kAZAh (3.9 kA) per lAh capacity of the positive electrode plate (6.5 Ah), the energization time is 4.5 ms ec in the charging direction, and 4 '. 5 ms in the discharging direction.
- the projection at the center of the lower surface of the plate 3 was brought into close contact with the inner surface of the bottom of the battery case, and a welding current was applied to weld the center of the lower current collector plate 3 to the inner surface of the bottom of the battery case 4.
- the ratio of the distance from the center of the lower current collector 3 at the welding point P2 to the radius of the pole group 1 was 0.7.
- a current collecting lead consisting of a ring-shaped main lead 8 and an auxiliary lead 9 joined to one of its long sides (below the main lead 8 in Fig. 2) is applied to the current collecting lead. It was.
- the main lead is a nickel plate having a thickness of 0.8 mm, provided with 16 protrusions 1 1 having a width of 2.5 mm, a length of 66 mm, and a height of 0.2 mm on one of the long sides, A plate with 16 protrusions with a height of 0.2 mm on the other long side is rolled into a ring shape with an inner diameter of 20 mm (radius of 10 mm).
- the auxiliary lead 9 is attached to the other long side (the lower long side), and the protrusion provided on the other long side is not shown.
- the auxiliary lead 9 is obtained by processing a nickel plate having a thickness of 0.3 mm, and has a ring-shaped portion having the same outer diameter as the main lead, and eight pieces protruding 1 mm inside the ring-shaped portion.
- Each of 9 ′ and the section 9 ′ is provided with one protrusion 10 at each end. As shown in FIG. 2, the section 9 ′ of the auxiliary lead 9 protrudes downward from the ring-shaped portion, and the section 9 ′ has a panel function.
- a disc-shaped sealing plate 0 made of a nickel-plated steel plate and having a circular through hole with a diameter of 0.8 mm in the center is prepared, and one of the main leads is provided on the inner surface side of the sealing plate 0.
- the long side was brought into contact, and the ring-shaped main lead 8 was joined to the inner surface of the sealing plate 0 by electric resistance welding.
- the ring-shaped portion of the auxiliary lead 9 was welded to the other long side of the ring-shaped main lead 8 by electric resistance welding.
- a valve body (exhaust valve) 7 and a cap 6 were attached to the outer surface of the sealing plate 0 as a lid.
- a ring-shaped gasket 5 was attached to the sealing plate 0 so as to squeeze the periphery of the sealing plate 0.
- the radius of the lid (sealing plate 0) is 14.5 mm.
- the auxiliary lead 9 abuts the upper current collector plate 2 with the lid attached with the current collector lead. It was placed on the pole group 1 and the open end of the battery case 4 was squeezed tightly and hermetically sealed, and then compressed to adjust the total height of the battery. At this time, since the section 9 ′ of the auxiliary lead 9 has the function of a spring as described above, even if the gap between the sealing plate 0 and the upper current collector plate 2 varies, the protrusion 10 and the upper portion of the auxiliary lead 9 Current collector plate 2 makes good contact.
- the output terminals A and B of the electric resistance welder are brought into contact with the lid (positive electrode terminal) and the bottom surface (negative electrode terminal) of the battery case 4 so that the same energization time is obtained with the same current value in the charge direction and the discharge direction.
- Energization conditions were set. Specifically, the current value is 0.6 kAZAh (3.9 kA) per lAh of the positive electrode capacity (6.5 Ah), the energization time is 4.5 msec in the charging direction, and 4.5 m's ec in the discharging direction.
- the AC pulse energization was set to 1 cycle, and it was set so that 2 cycles could be energized, and an AC pulse consisting of a rectangular wave was energized.
- a sealed nickel-metal hydride storage battery as shown in FIG. 1 was produced in which the lid and the positive electrode current collector plate were connected to each other by the ring-shaped main lead through the auxiliary lead.
- the ratio of the distance from the center of the upper current collecting plate 2 to the eight welding points P 1 and the radius of the pole group 1 was 0.6.
- the distance between the welding point of the current collector lead and the sealing plate 0 and the length of the current collecting lead connecting the current collector lead and the welding point P1 of the upper current collecting plate 2 to the upper current collecting plate 2 The ratio to was about 1.4.
- the batteries used in the examples and comparative examples of this invention all had a weight of 172.
- the sealed storage battery was left for 12 hours at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C, charged with 120 OmAh at 130 mA (0.02 It A), and then charged with 65 OmA (0. II t A) for 10 hours. 1300 mA (0.2 It A) was discharged to a cut voltage of 1 V. Furthermore, after charging at 65 OmA (0.1 It A) for 16 hours, discharge at 130 OmA (0.2 It A) to a cut voltage of 1.0 V, charging and discharging for 4 cycles. Discharge was performed. In order to further activate the battery, the battery was charged at 650 OmA (1 I t A) at 45 ° C until a change in ⁇ V of 5 m'V occurred, and then discharged at 6500 mA (II tA). Discharged with a cut voltage of 1.0V. This charging / discharging was made into 1 cycle, and charging / discharging was performed 10 cycles. (Charge / discharge cycle test)
- the cycle life test was performed on the formed battery at an ambient temperature of 45 ° C. 0.
- the battery was charged at 5 It A until one ⁇ fluctuated by 5 mV, and discharged at a discharge rate of 0.5 ItA and a discharge cut voltage of 1.0 V.
- the charge / discharge cycle was repeated with this charge / discharge as one cycle, and the cycle life of the battery was defined as the number of cycles when the discharge capacity was less than 80% of the discharge capacity in the first cycle of the charge / discharge cycle test.
- the power density is measured at the end of discharge in a 25 ° C atmosphere using one battery.
- the voltage at 10 seconds when flowing at 60 A for 12 seconds is the voltage at 10 seconds when discharging at 6 OA, and the electric capacity for discharging is charged at 6 A
- the voltage at 10 seconds when flowing for 9 seconds at 9 OA is the voltage at 10 seconds when discharging at 9 OA, and the electric capacity of the discharge is charged at 6 A and then 10 seconds when flowing at 12 OA for 12 seconds.
- the second voltage is 12 OA, and the 10th second voltage is charged. After the discharge capacity is charged at 6 A,
- the 10th second voltage when flowing at 150 A for 12 seconds is the 10th second voltage when discharging at 150 A, and the discharge capacity is charged at 6 A.
- the pressure was set at 10 seconds during 18 OA discharge.
- the current value and the voltage value were linearly approximated by the method of least squares.
- the voltage value at the current value OA was E 0 and the slope was RDC. afterwards,
- Example 72 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except that the average particle size of 0. 4 / xm and E r 2 ⁇ 3 powder was added 1 part by weight of mixture were the same as in Example 71 . This example is taken as Example 72.
- Example 73 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same as Example 71, except that 1 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 powder having an average particle size of 1.0 / im was added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. It was. This example is taken as Example 73.
- the production of the negative electrode plate was the same as Example 71, except that 1 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 powder having an average particle size of 3 was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. This example is taken as Example 74.
- the production of the negative electrode plate was the same as Example 71 except that 1 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 powder having an average particle diameter of 5.0 m was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. This example is taken as Example 75.
- E r (OH) 3 powder (average particle size l O m) was wet pulverized using a planetary pole mill and water as a dispersion medium. After removing moisture by drying, classification was performed using an air classifier to obtain £ 1 "( ⁇ 11) 3 powder 'with an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ 111. Hydrogen was occluded in the production of the negative electrode plate. The same procedure as in Example 71 except that 1 part by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder having an average particle size of 0.3 m obtained was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the alloy powder. It was. This example is taken as Example 76.
- Example 77 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same as Example 76, except that 1 part by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder having an average particle size of 0.5 / m was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. It was. This example is taken as Example 77.
- Example 78 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same as Example 76, except that 1 part by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder having an average particle size of 1.0 / im was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. It was. This example is taken as Example 78.
- Example 79 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same as Example 76, except that 1 part by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder having an average particle diameter of 3.5 m was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. did. This example is taken as Example 79.
- Example 80 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same as Example 76, except that 1 part by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder having an average particle diameter of 5.0 m was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. did. This example is taken as Example 80.
- Example 76 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was mixed with 1 part by weight of the commercially available Er (OH) 3 powder (average particle size 10 ⁇ m) without being pulverized. Except for and, it was the same as Example 76. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 36.
- Example 81 Commercial Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder (average particle size 10 ⁇ m), using a planetary ball mill, and wet-Kona ⁇ using water as a dispersion medium. Dried after removal of water, to obtain a Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder having an average particle diameter of 0.3 was classified using an air classifier. In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of water Hata-absorbing alloy powder, the resulting non-average particle size of 0. 3 2m of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 that the powder was added to 1 part by weight mixture, as in Example 71 It was. This example is taken as Example 81.
- Example 82 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except for adding an average particle diameter of 0. 5 Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder and 1 part by weight of im mixing was performed in the same manner as in Example 81. This example is taken as Example 82.
- Example 83 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except for adding an average particle size of 1. 0 Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder and 1 part by weight of a mixture of im, it was the same as in Example 81. This example is referred to as Example 83.
- Example 84 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except for adding an average particle diameter of 3.5 1 part by weight of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder m mixed, it was the same as in Example 81. This example is taken as Example 84.
- Example 85 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to the hydrogen storage alloy powder 100 fold ⁇ , except that the average particle size 5. 0 / m of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder was added 1 part by weight mixture, were the same as in Example 81 . This example is taken as Example 85. (Comparative Example 37)
- Example 37 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the commercially available Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder rotary Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder of average particle size was pulverized with a ball mill was 8. 0 zm of The same procedure as in Example 81 was conducted except that 1 part by weight of was added. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 37.
- Example 81 Same as above. 'This example is referred to as Comparative Example 38.
- Example 71 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same procedure as in Example 71 was performed, except that Er and Yb oxide or hydroxide powders were not mixed and added to the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Example 39.
- Table 15 shows the discharge capacity per gram of hydrogen storage alloy obtained from the results of negative electrode single electrode tests of Examples 71 to 85 and Comparative Examples 33 to 39, and the results of tests on sealed nickel metal hydride batteries. Cycle characteristics (cycle life) and power density.
- E r 2 0 3 powder, E r (OH) 3 powder and Y with an average particle size of 0.3 to 5.
- O m, especially 0.3 to 3.5 m b 2 0 3 powder is added that was found that the cycle characteristics as compared with Comparative example 39 without the addition of corrosion inhibitor is significantly improved. This is because the powder with a smaller average particle size has better dispersibility in the electrode when the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the corrosion inhibitor are physically mixed, and the corrosion inhibitor is present uniformly in the electrode.
- the reaction between the anticorrosive and the electrolyte is fast after the electrolyte is injected, and the anticorrosive is more uniformly present near the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy powder.
- the average particle size of the corrosion inhibitor is 8 // m and 10 xm
- the particle size is large, so the dispersibility in the electrode is inferior and the reactivity with the electrolyte is poor. It is difficult to distribute evenly on the surface of the occluded alloy powder, and it is considered that it did not function as a corrosion inhibitor even after chemical conversion was completed (including during the cycle test).
- the E r 2 ⁇ 3 powder when importance is attached to the output characteristics, it is preferable to add the E r 2 ⁇ 3 powder, preferably you adding Y b 2 ⁇ 3 powder in the case of emphasizing cycle characteristics.
- the one with a purity of 90% was used, but the one with a purity of 100% is preferable from the functional viewpoint except for the disadvantage of being expensive.
- E r 2 0 3 powder and E r (OH) 3 powder When comparing E r 2 0 3 powder and E r (OH) 3 powder, there is no difference in output density, but compared to the case where E r (OH) 3 powder is added, the one where E r 2 O 3 powder is added Provides excellent cycle characteristics. Compared to E f (OH) 3 powder, E r 2 0 3 powder is more soluble in alkaline electrolyte, so E r (OH) 3 is uniformly formed in the electrode, and the corrosion resistance function of hydrogen storage alloy powder This is thought to be due to the increase in Although details are omitted, Yb (OH) 3 powder having an average particle size of 5 / m or less also showed excellent corrosion resistance.
- an oxide or hydroxide powder of Er or Yb is a powder having an average particle diameter of 5 im or less and a powder having an average particle diameter of more than 5 m (for example, a powder that has not been subjected to powdering treatment).
- Mixed materials two or more peaks in the particle size distribution appear
- the mixing ratio of the oxide or hydroxide powder of Er or Yb having an average particle size of 5 Aim or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is set to 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight. Is good.
- the mixed addition of oxides and hydroxides of Er and Yb with an average particle size exceeding 5 is not only effective for improving the corrosion resistance of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, but also the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage electrode. It is not preferable because the packing density of the powder is lowered and the utilization rate is also lowered. Further, if there are a large amount of oxides and hydroxides of Er and Yb exceeding the average particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the dispersibility of the powder in the pace material is reduced when the active material pace material is produced.
- £ 1 is the oxide of 13 and the d 90 of hydroxide powder.
- Example 86 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except that the average particle size was added 0.3 parts by weight mixture of E r 2 ⁇ 3 powder 0.3 m in the same manner as in Example 71 did. This example is referred to as Example 86.
- Example 87 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except that the average particle size of the E r 2 0 3 powder 0. 3 m '1. were added 5 parts by weight mixture as in Example 71 It was. This example is taken as Example 87.
- Example 40 Except that 0.1 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 powder having an average particle size of 0.3 m was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of hydrogen storage alloy powder in preparation of the negative electrode plate, the same as in Example 71 It was. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 40.
- Example 41 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except that the average particle size was 3 parts by weight adding and mixing E r 2 ⁇ 3 powder 0. 3 m were the same as in Example 71. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 41.
- Example 88 In the production of the negative electrode plate, the same as Example 71, except that 0.3 part by weight of Er 2 0 3 powder having an average particle size of 5.0 _im was added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. did. This example is designated Example 88. '
- Example 71 was the same as Example 71 except that 1.5 parts by weight of 5.0 zm of Er 2 0 3 powder was mixed and added. This example is taken as Example 89.
- the production of the negative electrode plate was the same as in Example 71 except that 3 parts by weight of Er 2 0 3 powder having an average particle size of 5.0 / xm was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. .
- This example is referred to as Comparative Example 42.
- Example 7 1 and Example 7 except that 0.3 part by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder having an average particle size of 0.3 xm was added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. Same as above. This example is designated Example 90.
- Example 7.1 In the production of the negative electrode plate, Example 7.1 except that 1.5 parts by weight of Er (OH) 3 powder with an average particle size of 0.3 m was mixed with 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. And the same. This example is taken as Example 91.
- the production of the negative electrode plate was the same as in Example 71 except that 3 parts by weight of £ (OH) 3 powder having an average particle size of 0.3! 11 was mixed and added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder. .
- This example is referred to as Comparative Example 43.
- Example 93 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, the average particle diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m except Yb 2 ⁇ 3 that the powder was added 0.3 parts by weight mixture of Example 71 Similarly It was. This example is taken as Example 92. (Example 93)
- Example 93 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except that the Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder having an average particle diameter of 0.3 to 1. added 5 parts by weight of mixture was as in Example 71 and as well. This example is taken as Example 93.
- Example 71 In preparation of the negative electrode plate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, except for adding an average particle size of 0.3 3 parts by weight of Yb 2 ⁇ 3 powder m mixed, it was the same as in Example 71.
- This example is referred to as Comparative Example 45.
- Table 16 together with Example 71, Example 75, Example 76, and Example 81, the hydrogen storage alloy obtained from the results of the negative electrode single electrode test of Example 86 to Example 93 and Comparative Example 40 to Comparative Example 45 It shows the discharge capacity per gram, the cycle characteristics (cycle life) and the power density obtained from the test results of the sealed nickel-metal hydride battery.
- E r 2 ⁇ 3 and Yb 2 ⁇ 3 addition amount was 1 wt% 0.1 (Comparative Example 40, Comparative Example 44) case, corrosion of the hydrogen storage alloy progressed during charging and discharging cycles Therefore, it is considered that the capacity was quickly reduced compared to the examples.
- E r ( ⁇ _H) 3 and Yb 2 ⁇ third amount of from 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight of the hydrogen storage electrode, 1 to 1.5 parts by weight Is preferable.
- detailed results are omitted, but similar to the Yb 2 ⁇ 3 even when applying Yb (0 H) 3 as a corrosion inhibitor, an amount from 0.3 to 1. Good to 5 parts by weight, 1 to 1. It was found that 5 parts by weight is preferable.
- Examples 94 to 96 and Comparative Examples 46 to 49 the relationship between the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the battery characteristics was examined.
- Example 73 was the same as Example 73 except that the hydrogen storage alloy powder was applied. This example is taken as Example 94.
- Example 73 was the same as Example 73 except that the hydrogen storage alloy powder was applied. This example is taken as Example 95. (Example 96)
- Example 96 the hydrogen storage alloy powder was immersed in a NaO H aqueous solution having a concentration of 48% by weight and a temperature of 100 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain a hydrogen storage alloy powder having a mass saturation magnetization of 6 emu / g.
- Example 73 was repeated except that the hydrogen storage alloy powder was applied. This example is designated Example 96.
- the production of the negative electrode plate was the same as Example 73, except that a hydrogen storage alloy that was not subjected to the catalyst layer formation treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was used.
- the mass saturation magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy used was 0.06'emuZg. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 46.
- Example 73 was the same as Example 73 except that the hydrogen storage alloy powder was applied. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 47.
- the production of the negative electrode plate was the same as Example 83, except that a hydrogen storage alloy that was not subjected to a catalyst layer formation treatment surface treatment of the hydrogen storage alloy powder was used.
- the mass storage magnetization of the hydrogen storage alloy used was 0.06 emuZg. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 48.
- Comparative Example 49 shows the cycle test results of Example 94 to Example 96, Comparative Example 46 to Comparative Example 49, and the measurement results of the output density in combination with Example 73 and Example 83. Table 17
- Comparative Example 49 In Comparative Example 49, to which no corrosion inhibitor was added, the cycle characteristics were inferior to those of the Examples. The output characteristics are also inferior because the catalyst layer is not formed in advance on the storage alloy powder. Comparative example
- Comparative Example 50 In the production of the negative electrode plate, instead of immersing the hydrogen storage alloy powder in an alkaline aqueous solution, treatment was performed with a sodium acetate monoacetate buffer solution of PH 3.5, and the mass saturation magnetization was 2 emu / g. Except for using occluded alloy powder, it was the same as Comparative Example 39. This example is referred to as Comparative Example 50.
- Example 71 was the same as Example 71 except that the occluded alloy powder was used. This example is referred to as Reference Example 17.
- Example 18 shows the cycle test results of Comparative Example 50, Reference Example 17, and Reference Example 18 together with Example 71, Example 95, and Comparative Example 39, and the measurement results of the output density. Table 1 8
- the rare earth element compound to be added contains both Er and Yb (a compound mixture of Er and Yb or a compound containing Er and Yb).
- the hydrogen storage powder is also made into an active material by making the sum of Er and Yb in the rare earth elements contained in the rare earth compound 80% by weight or more, preferably 90% by weight or more.
- the high rate discharge characteristics and cycle characteristics of the hydrogen storage electrode can be improved.
- Reference Example 19 and Comparative Example 51 below the relationship between the current collection structure and output characteristics was examined.
- Example 95 the welding point between the lower current collector plate and the inner surface of the bottom of the battery case was only the center of the lower current collector plate.
- This example is referred to Reference Example 19. (Comparative Example 5 1)
- the current collector lead was a ribbon-shaped current collector lead, and the lower current collector plate and the inner surface of the bottom of the battery case were welded only at the center ⁇ point of the lower current collector plate.
- the rechargeable current collecting lead was made of a nickel plate having a thickness of 6 mm, a width of 15 mm, and a length of 25 mm. Before the lid was assembled into the battery (before sealing), the re-ponent current collecting lead, the inner surface of the sealing plate, and the upper surface of the upper current collecting plate were joined at four welding points.
- Example 95 of the present invention and Reference Example 19 have a higher output density than Comparative Example 51.
- Comparative Example 51 produced by a conventional manufacturing method, one end of the current collecting lead was previously welded to the inner surface of the sealing plate, and the other end was welded to the upper current collecting plate. After that, since the lid is attached to the open end of the battery case, it is necessary to provide a bending allowance for the current collecting lead.
- the power density at 25 "C in Comparative Example 5 1 is much lower than 1440 OW / kg, and is not suitable for a power supply for HEV, for example.
- the welding point between the lower current collector plate and the inner bottom surface of the battery case was welded only at the center of the lower current collector plate as in Reference Example 19; As described above, it is advantageous to obtain a high output by adding the welding point between the lower current collector plate and the inner bottom surface of the battery case to the center of the lower current collector plate and welding at a plurality of welding points other than the center. .
- the present invention obtains particularly excellent output characteristics by combining the hydrogen storage electrode according to the present invention and the current collecting structure shown in Example 95 or Reference Example 19. Industrial applicability
- the present invention provides a nickel-metal hydride storage battery including a hydrogen storage electrode in which hydrogen storage alloy powder is applied as an active material, and is excellent in both cycle characteristics and output characteristics. It has high industrial applicability.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
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JP2006531807A JP5257823B2 (ja) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-10 | 水素吸蔵電極の製造方法及びニッケル水素電池の製造方法 |
US11/661,122 US20070269717A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-10 | Hydrogen Absorbing Electrode and Nickel Metal-Hydridge Battery |
EP05772542A EP1796188A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-10 | Hydrogen storage electrode and nickel hydrogen battery |
US12/659,099 US8293419B2 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2010-02-25 | Method for preparing hydrogen absorbing electrode and nickel metal-hydride battery |
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JP2004246550 | 2004-08-26 | ||
JP2004-246550 | 2004-08-26 | ||
JP2005195372 | 2005-07-04 | ||
JP2005-195372 | 2005-07-04 |
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US11/661,122 A-371-Of-International US20070269717A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-10 | Hydrogen Absorbing Electrode and Nickel Metal-Hydridge Battery |
US12/659,099 Continuation US8293419B2 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2010-02-25 | Method for preparing hydrogen absorbing electrode and nickel metal-hydride battery |
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US (2) | US20070269717A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1796188A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5257823B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103996883B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006022168A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
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JP2010073424A (ja) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-04-02 | Gs Yuasa Corporation | ニッケル水素蓄電池 |
US8137839B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2012-03-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Alloy powder for electrode and method for producing same |
WO2014084203A1 (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Fdkトワイセル株式会社 | 正極リード、アルカリ二次電池 |
JP2015076197A (ja) * | 2013-10-07 | 2015-04-20 | 古河電池株式会社 | 蓄電池の製造方法 |
US20210057724A1 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-02-25 | Toppan Printing Co.,Ltd. | Negative-electrode composition for alkaline secondary batteries, and alkaline secondary battery negative electrode |
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WO2012008206A1 (ja) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 負極材料の製造方法、負極材料、リチウム二次電池の製造方法、リチウム二次電池 |
JP2013069456A (ja) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-18 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | 正極活物質の製造方法、正極、および蓄電デバイス |
CN104364949A (zh) * | 2012-05-04 | 2015-02-18 | 新纳米有限公司 | 电池电极材料 |
US10305099B2 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2019-05-28 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Electrode alloy powder, negative electrode for nickel-metal hydride storage batteries using the same, and nickel-metal hydride storage battery |
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JP7140662B2 (ja) | 2018-12-06 | 2022-09-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 負極活物質の製造方法、負極の製造方法、およびアルカリ蓄電池の製造方法 |
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- 2005-08-10 WO PCT/JP2005/014964 patent/WO2006022168A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-08-10 EP EP05772542A patent/EP1796188A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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US8137839B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2012-03-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Alloy powder for electrode and method for producing same |
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WO2014084203A1 (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Fdkトワイセル株式会社 | 正極リード、アルカリ二次電池 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5257823B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
CN103996883A (zh) | 2014-08-20 |
US20070269717A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
CN103996883B (zh) | 2017-01-11 |
EP1796188A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
US8293419B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
JPWO2006022168A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
US20100255373A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
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