WO2006022111A1 - ゲル化剤 - Google Patents
ゲル化剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006022111A1 WO2006022111A1 PCT/JP2005/013751 JP2005013751W WO2006022111A1 WO 2006022111 A1 WO2006022111 A1 WO 2006022111A1 JP 2005013751 W JP2005013751 W JP 2005013751W WO 2006022111 A1 WO2006022111 A1 WO 2006022111A1
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- gelling agent
- fluorine
- polysilane
- hydrocarbon group
- group
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- CEZIPBNFBHWLGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(F)(F)[F]S(C)C Chemical compound CC(F)(F)[F]S(C)C CEZIPBNFBHWLGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/60—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gelling agent comprising polysilane having a main chain structure formed of silicon, and more particularly to a gelling agent capable of gelling a solvent such as an organic solvent. Is.
- a gel is a state between a solid and a liquid, and a state in which a gelling agent includes a solvent in a three-dimensional network structure formed by crosslinking.
- Gels can be roughly classified into two types according to the type of solvent that is solidified (gelled). One is a hydrogel using an aqueous solution as a solvent, and the other is an organogel using an organic solvent other than the aqueous solution.
- Gelling agents that solidify these gels are frequently used in our lives.
- Gelling agents that gel aqueous solutions are, for example, agar and jelly. It is used for food products such as rubber, photographic film, industrial products such as superabsorbent rosin chromatography, and medical materials such as soft contact lenses and artificial glass bodies.
- Gelling agents that gel organic solvents are used, for example, as a recovery agent in the event of an oil spill or as a domestic waste oil treatment agent.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Sudyasu K., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2003, 1, 895
- Non-Patent Document 2 Habusa K., Langmuir. , 2003, 19, 8622
- Urea derivatives, cholic acid derivatives, anthracene derivatives, and the like are known.
- the gelling agent that gels the organic solvent has a problem that it cannot gel a polar solvent that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds.
- the gelling agent for gelling the organic solvent is, as described above, 1, 2, 3, 4-dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol, 12-hydroxystearic acid, cholesterol derivatives
- low molecular weight compounds such as amino acid derivatives, urea derivatives, cholic acid derivatives, and anthracene derivatives are generally used.
- These gelling agents having a low molecular weight have a gel network structure mainly formed by relatively weak bonds such as hydrogen bonds. Therefore, a gelling agent that gels such an organic solvent cannot gel a polar solvent that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds.
- the gelling agent for gelling such an organic solvent is composed of a low molecular weight compound as described above, its synthesis is complicated and there are many manufacturing processes. In addition, since there are many manufacturing processes, it takes a long time, so the manufacturing efficiency is low.
- the gelling agent that gels the organic solvent has very few types compared to the gelling agent that gels the aqueous solution described above, and therefore, compared with the gelling agent that gels the aqueous solution. High price.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and the object thereof is to have a gelling ability with respect to a polar solvent that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds, and An object of the present invention is to provide a gelling agent capable of providing a highly stable gel.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention has at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group formed by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine as a side chain in order to solve the above-described problem. It is characterized by comprising polysilane formed by polymerizing a fluorine fluoride compound. Further, the gelling agent according to the present invention has the above polysilane represented by the general formula (1) [0015] [Chemical 1]
- the side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups, and at least one is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group with fluorine.
- p is an integer greater than or equal to 6)
- the fluorinated hydrocarbon group is preferably a trifluoropropyl group.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention is a fluorocarbon compound having at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group as a side chain formed by replacing at least one hydrogen with fluorine. It comprises polysilane formed by polymerization.
- a polysilane is composed of Si "'FC between the fluorine (F) of the fluorocarbon radical which is the side chain and the silicon (Si) of the main chain of the polysilane (fluorine compound).
- R1 and R2 are trifluoropropyl group or methyl group, it occurs between F atom in the side chain group and Si atom in the main chain Interactions such as Si-FC and interactions such as C- ⁇ ⁇ F-C occurring between the F atom of the side chain group and the H atom of the methyl group simultaneously exist in a single molecule.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention includes Si ′ ⁇ -F-C and C- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ which occur in a single molecule of the polysilane because it contains polysilane obtained by polymerizing a fluorine fluoride compound.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention includes a side chain fluorine and a side chain hydrogen that occur in a single molecule of the polysilane, and a side chain fluorine and a side chain hydrogen.
- the network structure required for gelling can be formed by causing two interactions between the two molecules between molecules and by coordinating bridges between polymer chains.
- fluorine-containing compound used in the present specification is as described above. And a compound having at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group formed by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine as a side chain of the key compound. That is, fluorine is contained in the hydrocarbon group in the side chain of the silicon compound, and fluorine is not bonded to the key of the silicon compound! /.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention can gel various solvents.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention can gel an organic solvent.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention can gel an ether-based polar solvent or an alkyl halide-based polar solvent as the organic solvent.
- the “ether-based polar solvent” refers to a solvent having an ether bond and having a polar molecular force, and among them, an atom that interacts with a Si atom (oxygen) A part of the solvent containing atoms, nitrogen atoms and fluorine atoms) is excluded.
- the term “halogen-alkyl-based polar solvent” in the present specification refers to a solvent having an alkyl power of a polar molecule in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by a halogen, and among them, a Si atom and Excludes some solvents that contain interacting atoms (oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, fluorine atoms).
- the gelling agent according to the present invention includes a side chain fluorine and a main chain key which occur in a single molecule of the polysilane, and a side chain fluorine and a side chain hydrogen.
- a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent.
- the conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent forms a gelation network structure by hydrogen bonds, it is less than an organic solvent (polar solvent) that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention is different from a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent, and the gelling network structure is formed mainly by the interaction between fluorine and carbon. ing. Therefore, even when an organic solvent (polar solvent) that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds is used, a network structure can be formed, that is, a gel can be formed.
- examples of the organic solvent (polar solvent) that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds include the ether polar solvents and alkyl halide polar solvents described above.
- An exceptional example of the ether-based polar solvent is tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- Specific examples of the alkyl halide polar solvent include black mouth form.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention cannot have a gelling property with a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent, but can have a gelling ability with respect to a polar solvent. Therefore, the gelling agent according to the present invention can be applied to a wider variety of organic solvents than conventional ones.
- a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent is generally composed of a low-molecular compound. Therefore, the organic solvent gel gelled by the conventional gelling agent tries to transition to a more stable state such as crystallization or precipitation, and the gely ability that easily causes crystallization or precipitation decreases. There was a problem.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention is obtained by polymerizing a fluorocarbon compound having at least one fluorohydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine as a side chain. It comprises a high molecular chain polysilane, and has gely ability to various organic solvents as described above. Thereby, the organic solvent gel formed by the gelling agent of the present invention forms a network structure of polymer chains.
- the gel having a network structure of polymer chains has a stable structure, and thus there is no possibility of causing crystallization or precipitation as described above.
- organic solvent gel gelled by the gelling agent according to the present invention.
- one of the two side chains of the fluorinated silicon compound is the fluorinated hydrocarbon group, and the other is a ⁇ -having 4 or more carbon atoms.
- a hydrocarbon group having a branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure is preferable.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention has a
- the hydrocarbon group having a ⁇ -branched structure or ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms include an isobutyl group.
- examples of the gelling agent that exhibits the effects described above include the following configurations. That is, the gelling agent according to the present invention contains fluorine compound having at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group formed by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine, and fluorine. However, it may also be characterized in that it comprises polysilane obtained by polymerization of a hydrocarbon compound having a hydrocarbon group as a side chain. Such a gelling agent is represented by the general formula (2)
- side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups, and at least one is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group with fluorine. is there)
- the side chains R3 and R4 are hydrocarbon groups which may contain fluorine, and a small amount. At least one has a different structure from the side chains R1 and R2 above)
- At least one of the two side chains of the above-described key compound is a hydrocarbon group having a ⁇ -branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms.
- This configuration also causes two interactions between fluorine and hydrogen and fluorine and hydrogen that occur within a single molecule of the polysilane between the molecules. Coordination crosslinking can be performed between the child chains.
- side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups, and at least one is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group with fluorine.
- the side chains R3 and R4 are hydrocarbon groups which may contain fluorine, and at least one of them has a structure different from that of the side chains R1 and R2, and n is an integer of 2 or more, m is 0.001 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.999)
- the gelling agent according to the present invention comprises polysilane having a polymer structure (polymer compound). Therefore, it can be easily produced as compared with a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent.
- the gelling agent of the present invention comprising the above-mentioned fluorinated silicon compound and polysilane having a cadmium compound power
- the gelling agent includes the fluorinated key compound, the key compound, and Is desalted and condensed using an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy in an organic solvent. Produced by Kotoko.
- the conventional gelling agent that gels the organic solvent is a low molecular compound as described above, its production (synthesis) is complicated, and there are many production processes. In addition, since there are many manufacturing processes, it takes a long time, so the manufacturing efficiency is low and the yield is not high.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention can be manufactured by the above-described operation, and thus is easy to manufacture.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between fluorine and silicon in a gelling agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a network structure of a gelling agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment includes a fluorine compound having at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group as a side chain formed by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine, and fluorine.
- a fluorine compound having at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group as a side chain formed by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine, and fluorine.
- it comprises polysilane obtained by polymerization of a hydrocarbon compound having a hydrocarbon group as a side chain.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment is represented by the general formula (2)
- the side chains R3 and R4 are hydrocarbon groups which may contain fluorine, and at least one of them has a structure different from that of the side chains R1 and R2)
- the above-mentioned fluorine compound and the above-mentioned key compound are polymerized to form a general formula (4)
- side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups, and at least one is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group with fluorine.
- the side chains R3 and R4 are hydrocarbon groups which may contain fluorine, and at least one of them has a structure different from that of the side chains R1 and R2, and n is an integer of 2 or more, m is 0.001 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.999)
- a gelling agent comprising polysilane having the structure represented by
- the main chain is formed of silicon
- the side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups
- at least one of the side chains R1 and R2 is attached to the hydrocarbon group.
- a fluorine-containing hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained with fluorine
- the side chains R3 and R4 are hydrocarbon groups which may contain fluorine
- m is 0.001 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.999
- the structure having Rl and R2 as the side chain and the structure having R3 and R4 form a block copolymer having a main chain as a key chain. is doing.
- the side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups. And at least one is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group formed by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group with fluorine, and the side chains R3 and R4 may contain fluorine. It is a group.
- the fluorinated hydrocarbon group is preferably a trifluoropropyl group.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group may be a fluorinated hydrocarbon group substituted with fluorine. It may be a fluorinated hydrocarbon group.
- the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) is a hydrocarbon group having at least one side chain having a ⁇ -branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms. It is preferable to have An example of a hydrocarbon group having a ⁇ -branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms is an isobutyl group.
- Hydrogen in the hydrocarbon group of the side chain Rl, R2, R3 and R4 of the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) is a part of the hydrogen other than hydrogen. With other elements and functional groups It may be substituted. Specific examples of such hydrocarbon groups include methyl, ethyl, butyl, isobutyl, isopentyl, isohexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl.
- octadecyl group docosyl group, hexyl group, vinyl group, aryl group and other chain hydrocarbon groups; cyclohexyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexylmethyl group, cyclohexylethyl group, cyclopentylmethyl group, cyclopentyl group Cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group such as til group; aromatic hydrocarbon such as phenyl group, tolyl group, naphthyl group, benzyl group, 13-phenylethyl group, ⁇ -phenylpropyl group, ⁇ -phenylbutyl group Groups and the like.
- R1 is an alkyl group (for example, CH 2, CH 3, n-CH 3, n-C ⁇ , ⁇ - C ⁇ , ⁇ -
- alkyl ether groups eg., CH CH CH OPh, CH CH CH CH OPh, etc.
- R2 can be a fluorinated hydrocarbon group (for example, trifluoropropyl group)
- R3 can be a hydrocarbon group
- R4 can be an isobutyl group.
- n which is the number of repetitions in the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4), is not particularly limited as long as it is an integer of 2 or more, but is 2 or more and 1,000,000 or less. It is preferable. If n is less than 2, polysilane becomes liquid, which is not preferable. Further, if n exceeds 1,000,000, the solubility of polysilane is lowered, which is not preferable.
- the polysilane has a main chain structure formed of silicon, and has fluorine in a side chain of the main chain structure. Therefore, the above polysilane has an interaction such as Si "-FC between side chain fluorine (F) and main chain silicon (Si), and side chain fluorine (F) within a single molecule.
- An interaction like CH-FC occurs between the hydrogen and the side chain hydrogen (H)
- Figure 1 shows the state where the interaction occurs in a single molecule of the polysilane.
- the fluorine (F) of the trifluoropropyl group and the main chain (Si) are
- the fluorine (F) of the trifluoropropyl group and the hydrogen (H) of the side chain methyl group cause an interaction as indicated by a broken line.
- the force indicating that the fluorinated hydrocarbon group is a trifluoropropyl group is an example of the polysilane, and the present invention is not limited to this! /.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention comprises the polysilane as described above, the interaction occurring in a single molecule of the polysilane is intermolecularly defined with the Si '"FC interaction as a domain. And can be coordinately crosslinked between polymer chains.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which coordination cross-linking is formed between the polymer chains of the polysilane 1 by the interaction.
- the gelling agent 2 according to the present invention comprises the interaction between the side chain fluorine and the main chain fluorine occurring in the single molecule of the polysilane 1, and the side chain fluorine.
- the network structure necessary for gelation can be formed by causing the interaction between hydrogen and side chain hydrogen between molecules and forming a network structure necessary for gelation by coordination and crosslinking between polymer chains.
- Various solvents can be gelled.
- the gelling agent of the present embodiment can be suitably used for gelling of organic solvents.
- the gelling agent of the present embodiment forms a network structure by forming a coordination bridge by utilizing the interaction between fluorine in the side chain and key chain in the main chain. Therefore, even when an organic solvent (polar solvent) that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds is used, it can be gelled.
- the conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent forms a gel-like network structure by hydrogen bonds, and therefore, the gelling agent is not suitable for organic solvents (polar solvents) that inhibit the formation of hydrogen bonds. I was unable to have the ability. Therefore, the gelling agent according to the present invention is different from the conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent, and the gelling network structure is formed by the interaction between fluorine and carbon. Therefore, even when an organic solvent (polar solvent) that inhibits the formation of hydrogen bonds is used, a network structure can be formed, that is, gelled.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment has a gelling ability even with respect to a polar solvent that cannot be gelled with a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent. Therefore, the gelling agent in this embodiment can be applied to a wider variety of organic solvents than conventional ones.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment is a polymer chain having the structure represented by the above general formula (4) that has a gelling ability with respect to various organic solvents as described above. It comprises polysilan.
- the organic solvent gel formed by the gelling agent in the present embodiment forms a network structure of polymer chains having a stable structure. Therefore, a gel gelled by a gelling agent comprising a polysilane having a polymer chain having the structure represented by the general formula (4) causes crystallization or precipitation as described above. There is no possibility of it happening.
- At least one side chain of the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) has a ⁇ -branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms.
- the polysilane has a higher molecular weight by having a hydrocarbon group having. Therefore, a more stable gel can be formed by using a gelling agent containing polysilane having such a structure.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment has a high gelling ability as compared with a conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent.
- the gel gelled by the gelling agent in the present embodiment gels in a stable state as described above, it is easy to recover.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment includes a high molecular chain polysilane having a structure represented by the general formula (4)
- the gelling agent is gelled by the gelling agent.
- the gel is considered easy to recover and reuse.
- the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) has a branched structure in the main chain structure having a key and has a random coil-like molecular form, or
- the main chain structure has a rigid rod-like (rigid) spiral structure. When the persistence length is 20nm or more, it is called a rigid rod.
- the helical structure refers to the case where silicon atoms are arranged at an angle of ⁇ with respect to the center when the position of each atom is projected onto a plane perpendicular to the polymer axis. That is, the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) has a structure having terminal groups.
- the terminal group is generally highly sensitive to ultraviolet rays and the like. That is, the end group is decomposed by ultraviolet rays or the like. Therefore, the structure having the terminal group is decomposed by irradiating the terminal group with ultraviolet rays or the like. Therefore, since the polysilane has such end groups, it is considered that it is decomposed by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays.
- the gel gelled by the gelling agent in the present embodiment has a structure having the structure represented by the above general formula (4) by irradiating the gel with ultraviolet rays after recovery. It is thought that the network structure formed by the polysilane of the molecular chain, that is, the gel can be decomposed.
- the gel gelled by the gelling agent in the present embodiment returns from the gel state to the solvent state by the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, and at the same time, the polysilane is decomposed. .
- the polysilane is decomposed by irradiating with ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is considered that the solvent such as gelled gel can be reused. It is done. This is suitable when gelling an organic solvent.
- the gelling agent of this embodiment is used for gelling.
- the gel force can recover oil and reuse it.
- the gelling agent of the present embodiment it is considered that the solvent (oil) can be effectively used without being wasted by gelling.
- the gelled solvent can be reused in this way, for example, nitro compound It can be used for storage of deleterious substances such as materials and fluorine compounds.
- the polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) may have a structure having a terminal group.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention is not limited to this.
- a polysilane having a structure represented by the general formula (4) can also have the following structure.
- the polysilane has a structure having a terminal group.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment has a terminal group. It may not contain ⁇ polysilane.
- the three-dimensional structure of the polysilane represented by the general formula (4) may be either a cyclic structure or a twin-type cyclic structure.
- the cyclic structure is an annular structure in which the main chain of the polysilane is combined in a complete circle or an incomplete circle, or a semi-annular structure in which the main chain is combined in a semicircle.
- the twin-ring structure is a so-called 8-shaped double ring (semi-annular) structure in which the main chain of polysilane having the above ring structure is twisted once. That is, in any of the above structures, the polysilane has a structure having no terminal group, and thus the gelling agent in the present embodiment has resistance to light, chemical reagents, and heat. it is conceivable that.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment has a polysilane force having a structure represented by the general formula (4).
- polysilane having the structure represented by the general formula (4) for example, the above-mentioned fluorine compound and the above-mentioned key compound are subjected to desalting condensation in an organic solvent using an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy. As a result, polysilane having a structure represented by the general formula (4) is synthesized.
- methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropyldichlorosilane is used as the fluorinated hydrocarbon group
- n-decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane is used as the compound
- a Grignard reagent is synthesized, and the above-mentioned n-decyl-isoptyldichlorosilane is synthesized using the synthesized Grignard reagent.
- the synthesized n-decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane and the above methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropyldichlorosilane in an organic solvent are changed in polysilane by changing the concentration of each monomer. It is possible to change the ratio of the fluorine compound and the compound of the compound, that is, the value of m in the general formula (4).
- the reaction temperature is preferably within a temperature range of about 60 ° C. or more and about 220 ° C. or less, and particularly preferably within a temperature range of about 90 ° C. or more and about 180 ° C. or less.
- reaction temperature When the reaction temperature is less than 60 ° C., the reactivity between the above-described silicon compound and the above alkali metal or alkali metal alloy is lowered, and the polysilane having the structure represented by the above general formula (4) is obtained. I can't get it.
- reaction temperature exceeds 220 ° C, fluorine in the side chain reacts with an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy, and an olefin bond is formed by a crosslinking reaction or a dehydrofluorination (HF) reaction. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- side chains Rl and R2 are hydrocarbon groups, and at least one of the A fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in a hydrogen group with fluorine, and the side chains R3 and R4 are hydrocarbon groups which may contain fluorine, and at least one of them is It is a structure different from the above side chains R1 and R2, n is an integer of 2 or more, m is 0.001 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.999, X is halogen, M is an alkali metal or an alkali metal alloy Indicate)
- halogen of X contained in each of the silicon compounds in the general formula (5) there is a force that can include fluorine (F), chlorine (C1), bromine (Br), and iodine (I). preferable.
- At least one of the side chains R1 and R2 includes polysilane that is a fluorohydrocarbon group in the gelling agent in the present embodiment. Furthermore, it is preferable that at least one of the side chains Rl, R2, R3 and R4 comprises polysilane which is a hydrocarbon group having a ⁇ -branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms. . That is, in the general formula (5), for example, a fluorine compound having a side chain R1 as a methyl group and a side chain R2 as a trifluoropropyl group can be mentioned. Such a fluorine compound Examples thereof include methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropyldichlorosilane (CF 3 CH 3 CH 3 Si (CH 2) C 1) as described in the examples described later. Also on
- a key compound in which the side chain R3 is an n-alkyl group and the side chain R4 is a hydrocarbon group having the above ⁇ -branched structure or a ⁇ -branched structure can be mentioned.
- Examples of such a key compound include ⁇ -decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane (CH 2 C 3 C).
- examples of the alkali metal or alkali metal alloy of M include sodium (Na), strong rhodium (K), rubidium (Rb), and sodium-potassium (Na-K) alloy. Of these, sodium and sodium-potassium alloys are preferred.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it has a boiling point higher than 60 ° C.
- a solvent having a boiling point higher than that of benzene (boiling point 80 ° C) is preferable.
- the reaction temperature cannot be set to 60 ° C or higher when a solvent having a boiling point of 60 ° C or lower is used. That is, the polysilane of the general formula (4) is synthesized. Therefore, as described above, the reaction temperature is preferably 60 ° C or higher, but if a solvent having a boiling point of 60 ° C or lower is used, the reaction temperature cannot be set to 60 ° C or higher.
- the monomer concentration in the synthesis reaction solution of the above synthesis reaction is preferably 0.5 molZL or more, preferably 1. OmolZL or more in the organic solvent.
- the gelling agent in the present embodiment can be more easily produced than the conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent.
- the conventional gelling agent that gels the organic solvent is a low molecular weight compound as described above, so that its production (synthesis) is complicated and there are many production steps.
- the manufacturing efficiency is low and the yield is not high. Therefore, since the gelling agent in the present embodiment can be manufactured by the above-described method, it is easy to manufacture.
- manufacture is easy, mass production becomes possible.
- the production cost can be greatly reduced as compared with the case of the conventional organogelator in connection with the mass production.
- the gelling agent is produced in a large amount at a lower production cost than the conventional gelling agent that gels an organic solvent. It becomes possible to do.
- the fluorocarbon compound having at least one fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine as a side chain and fluorine is included.
- a gelling agent comprising a polysilan obtained by polymerization of a hydrocarbon compound having a hydrocarbon group as a side chain
- the gelling agent of the present invention is not limited to this, and is a fluorine having at least one fluorocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen with fluorine as a side chain. It may be a gelling agent comprising polysilane obtained by polymerizing a chemical compound.
- the gelling agent is a polysilane represented by the general formula (1)
- the side chains R1 and R2 are hydrocarbon groups, and at least one is a fluorinated hydrocarbon group obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen contained in the hydrocarbon group with fluorine.
- p is an integer greater than or equal to 6)
- the fluorinated hydrocarbon group preferably has a structure represented by: trifluoro-propyl group.
- one of the two side chains of the fluorinated silicon compound is the fluorinated hydrocarbon group, and the other is a ⁇ -branched structure having 4 or more carbon atoms or ⁇ -A hydrocarbon group with a branched structure is preferred.
- a gelling agent of the present invention a polysilane force obtained by copolymerizing a monomer of ⁇ -decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane and a monomer of methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropyldichlorosilane is used.
- a gelling agent will be specifically described as an example.
- a reactor eg, a dry 300 mL three-necked flask
- magnesium was added to 1.3 equivalents relative to isoptyldichlorosilane to be used later (in this example, 3. 28 g (0 135mol)).
- Vacuum drying and nitrogen replacement were performed, and the system was put under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- n-decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane is synthesized using the Grignard reagent synthesized above.
- a reaction apparatus different from the above for example, a dry 300 mL three-necked flask was taken up, vacuum dried and purged with nitrogen, and the system was placed in a nitrogen atmosphere. 20 g (0. 104 mol) of isoptyldichlorosilane and 80 mL of THF were collected and stirred while heating in an oil bath set at 80 ° C. The above-mentioned Grignard reagent synthesized was put into a dropping funnel and slowly dropped. After completion of dropping, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour, the solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and a crude product was obtained by filtration under reduced pressure.
- This crude product was subjected to a vacuum distillation apparatus (0.8 mHg) and n-decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane (boiling point 100 ° C (0.8 mHg)) and the above n_decyltrichlorosilane using the difference in boiling point. (Boiling point 130 ° C. (0.8 mHg)) was fractionated by distillation to obtain a monomer.
- a reaction apparatus for example, a dry 300 mL three-necked flask
- a reaction apparatus for example, a dry 300 mL three-necked flask
- 4 equivalents of sodium for both n-decyl-isobutyldichlorosilane and methyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropyldichlorosilane monomers (0.84 g (0. O36 mol) in this column f) and Tonolen 8mL was added and stirred while heating in an oil bath set at 120 ° C until the sodium shattered.
- the polysilane (gelling agent) obtained above was added to the light-shielded microtube and mixed with various organic solvents shown below.
- the sample was allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, and then the state of each sample after 30 minutes was visually judged by turning the microphone tube upside down.
- the measurement conditions were 4 wt% for sample 1 and 10 wt% for sample 2.
- 60 mg of the organic solvent shown below was mixed with 2.5 mg of polysilane.
- silicone oil II indicates that it has gelled, 'PG' indicates that it has partially gelled, and 'VS' indicates a viscous liquid state (solation), 'S' indicates the swollen state, and ' ⁇ ' indicates that it did not gel.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention is an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as n-octane, n-pentane or cyclohexane, an aromatic solvent such as benzene or toluene, or a polar organic solvent. THF and black mouth form could be gelled. In this example, it was determined that the microtube was turned upside down, and even after 30 minutes had passed, the fluidity was not good, and it was “gelly”.
- the gelling agent according to the present invention has gelling ability with respect to various organic solvents and also has gelling ability with respect to polar solvents such as THF and black mouth form. .
- the gelling agent of the present invention has a gelling ability with respect to an organic solvent, and particularly has a gelling ability with respect to a polar solvent that cannot be gelled with a conventional organogelling agent. Have. Furthermore, since the gelling agent of the present invention is easy to synthesize, a gelling agent for gelling an organic solvent can be produced at a low cost and in a large amount as compared with conventional organogelling agents. You can.
- the gelling agent of the present invention by using the gelling agent of the present invention, its use can be greatly expected for environmental pollution by organic solvents such as oil spills from automobiles and ships.
- the organic solvent can be gelled in this way, it is expected that the gel obtained by gelling the organic solvent will be applied to a heat storage material or the like.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006531418A JPWO2006022111A1 (ja) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-07-27 | ゲル化剤 |
US11/628,464 US20070249875A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-07-27 | Gelatinizer |
EP05767395A EP1795569A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-07-27 | Gelling agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004247524 | 2004-08-26 | ||
JP2004-247524 | 2004-08-26 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006022111A1 true WO2006022111A1 (ja) | 2006-03-02 |
Family
ID=35967330
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PCT/JP2005/013751 WO2006022111A1 (ja) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-07-27 | ゲル化剤 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070249875A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1795569A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006022111A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006022111A1 (ja) |
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TWI452071B (zh) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-09-11 | 中原大學 | 類矽石氣體分離膜及其形成方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05125193A (ja) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-05-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | フツ化有機ケイ素高分子化合物 |
JPH0790086A (ja) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-04-04 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 含フッ素ポリシランおよびその製造方法 |
JPH0849088A (ja) * | 1994-08-05 | 1996-02-20 | Toagosei Co Ltd | オルガノヒドロポリシランの製造方法および新規な含フッ素ポリシラン |
JP2004224936A (ja) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-12 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | フッ化アルキルケイ素高分子化合物及びそれを用いたハロゲンイオン検出素子材料 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04289867A (ja) * | 1991-03-19 | 1992-10-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | 電子写真感光体 |
JPH05320354A (ja) * | 1992-05-18 | 1993-12-03 | Nippon Dow Corning Kk | 短波長吸収帯を有するポリシラン |
JPH09208704A (ja) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-12 | Toshiba Corp | 有機ケイ素高分子材料及び着色部材の製造方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-07-27 US US11/628,464 patent/US20070249875A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-27 EP EP05767395A patent/EP1795569A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-27 JP JP2006531418A patent/JPWO2006022111A1/ja active Pending
- 2005-07-27 WO PCT/JP2005/013751 patent/WO2006022111A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05125193A (ja) * | 1991-07-15 | 1993-05-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | フツ化有機ケイ素高分子化合物 |
JPH0790086A (ja) * | 1993-09-22 | 1995-04-04 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 含フッ素ポリシランおよびその製造方法 |
JPH0849088A (ja) * | 1994-08-05 | 1996-02-20 | Toagosei Co Ltd | オルガノヒドロポリシランの製造方法および新規な含フッ素ポリシラン |
JP2004224936A (ja) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-12 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | フッ化アルキルケイ素高分子化合物及びそれを用いたハロゲンイオン検出素子材料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2006022111A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
US20070249875A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
EP1795569A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
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