WO2006022084A1 - 圧電デバイスおよびこれを備える圧電スイッチ - Google Patents
圧電デバイスおよびこれを備える圧電スイッチ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006022084A1 WO2006022084A1 PCT/JP2005/012783 JP2005012783W WO2006022084A1 WO 2006022084 A1 WO2006022084 A1 WO 2006022084A1 JP 2005012783 W JP2005012783 W JP 2005012783W WO 2006022084 A1 WO2006022084 A1 WO 2006022084A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric
- piezoelectric element
- pair
- conductive member
- piezoelectric device
- Prior art date
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 88
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 88
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K17/964—Piezoelectric touch switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
- H10N30/304—Beam type
- H10N30/306—Cantilevers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piezoelectric device in which a conductive member having elasticity is fixed to a piezoelectric element, and a piezoelectric switch including the piezoelectric device.
- a generator that generates electric power by exciting a piezoelectric element and causing free vibration exists.
- the above generator generates a voltage due to the piezoelectric lateral effect by bending and bending a thin plate-like piezoelectric material joined to a metal plate, thereby expanding and contracting the piezoelectric material. Therefore, one surface of the plate-like piezoelectric element needs to be restrained by the metal plate.
- a unimorph type generator in which a plate-like piezoelectric element with electrodes provided on both sides is fixed to one side of a metal plate, or a bimorph type generator in which a similar piezoelectric element is fixed to both sides of a metal plate Is being used. Bonding between the piezoelectric element and the metal plate is usually performed by a thermosetting resin in a heated state. For this reason, as the material of the metal plate, a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion and the same level as that of the piezoelectric element is often used.
- piezoelectric actuators using the inverse piezoelectric effect with the same configuration as the above-described generator are known.
- piezoelectric actuators there is one in which a piezoelectric body is formed on a substrate having a thermal expansion coefficient larger than that of the piezoelectric body, and the tensile stress inside the piezoelectric body is reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-7491
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-49388
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-146640
- the piezoelectric element as described above is generated inside when the piezoelectric element is extended. Due to the tensile stress, the surface of the piezoelectric element is likely to crack. If the piezoelectric element is bent together with the metal plate due to the impact of external force or external force, if there is a piezoelectric element on the side of the center of curvature of the bent metal plate, compressive stress is generated on the piezoelectric element, which is opposite to the center of curvature of the bent metal plate. When there is a piezoelectric element on the side, tensile stress is generated in the piezoelectric element. In particular, generators are subject to external forces that cannot be controlled, and are therefore subject to stresses exceeding tensile strength. In addition, when the surface of such a piezoelectric element is cracked and the electrode on the element surface is divided, the area of the element surface that contributes to power generation becomes extremely small, and sufficient power cannot be obtained.
- the piezoelectric actuator described in Patent Document 3 has a large thermal expansion coefficient and / or a piezoelectric body formed on a metal plate, so that durability against tensile stress is improved. Therefore, a piezoelectric actuator that heats and bonds a single plate-like piezoelectric body to a single metal plate so that the metal plate shrinks larger than that of the piezoelectric body when cooled to room temperature. Warp tends to occur.
- the present invention uses a piezoelectric device that prevents cracks from being generated on the surface of a piezoelectric element by mitigating tensile stress generated inside the piezoelectric element by an external force, and further prevents warping.
- An object is to provide a piezoelectric switch.
- a piezoelectric device has a plate-like piezoelectric body whose polarization direction is the thickness direction and a pair of electrodes provided on both main surfaces of the piezoelectric body. And a pair of conductive members fixed to both main surfaces of the piezoelectric element and having elasticity, and when an external force is applied, the piezoelectric body is distorted to generate electric power. .
- a pair of conductive members having elasticity are fixed to both main surfaces of the piezoelectric element. This prevents the piezoelectric element from being extremely distorted by the impact of external force or external force, so that the surface of the piezoelectric element can be prevented from cracking due to stress. Further, even if the surface of the piezoelectric element is cracked and the electrode on the surface of the element is divided, an element area contributing to power generation can be secured, and sufficient power can be obtained without degrading characteristics. In addition, since one plate-like piezoelectric body is sandwiched between two conductive members, warping of the piezoelectric element can be prevented.
- an elastic modulus of the pair of conductive members is larger than an elastic modulus of the piezoelectric element.
- the piezoelectric element can easily follow the movement of the conductive member.
- the piezoelectric element is compressed and held in a direction parallel to both main surfaces by the pair of conductive members to which both main surfaces are fixed.
- compressive stress can be applied to the piezoelectric element in advance, and the tensile stress generated by the external force can be relaxed.
- the surface of the piezoelectric element can be prevented from cracking due to the tensile stress.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the pair of conductive members is larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of the piezoelectric element.
- the material and shape of the conductive member fixed to one electrode of the piezoelectric element may be the same as the material and shape of the conductive member fixed to the other electrode. Is preferred.
- the piezoelectric device has a symmetric structure with respect to the piezoelectric element, so that compressive stress is applied evenly, and warpage can be further prevented.
- the quality factor Q is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved.
- the piezoelectric element has a rectangular plate shape
- the pair of conductive members has a rectangular plate shape longer in one longitudinal direction than the piezoelectric element,
- a fixing portion that protrudes from the element in the longitudinal direction and supports and fixes a pair of end portions of the conductive member that protrude in the longitudinal direction from the piezoelectric element;
- an insulator is provided between a pair of end portions of the member protruding from the piezoelectric element in one of the longitudinal directions.
- the conductive member can be used as it is as an extraction electrode in the fixed portion.
- the piezoelectric element is longer in length than the pair of electrodes. It is preferable to further include a fixing portion that supports and fixes a pair of end portions of the conductive member that are fixed to the piezoelectric body.
- the piezoelectric body is not subjected to polarization treatment in the portion where no electrode is provided. Furthermore, when the conductive member is directly fixed to the piezoelectric body, the contact is poor and no loss due to the reverse piezoelectric effect occurs. Further, the conductive member can be taken out as it is in the fixed portion as an electrode. In addition, it can be easily manufactured simply by adjusting the area on which the electrode is printed, and labor and cost can be reduced.
- the piezoelectric device has elasticity, a central conductive member formed in a plate shape, and is fixed to one main surface of the central conductive member and polarizes in the thickness direction.
- a conductive member and a second conductive member which is fixed to the main surface of the second piezoelectric element opposite to the side of the central conductive member and has elasticity
- the piezoelectric device of the present invention is provided with the conductive member having elasticity on the outside of each of the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element. This prevents the piezoelectric element from being extremely distorted by the impact or external force of the external force, so that the surface of the piezoelectric element can be prevented from cracking due to the stress. Further, even if the surface of the piezoelectric element is cracked and the electrode on the surface of the element is divided, the element area contributing to power generation can be secured and sufficient power can be obtained without degrading the characteristics. Further, since the plate-like piezoelectric body is sandwiched between the conductive members, warping of the piezoelectric element can be prevented. In addition, since two piezoelectric elements are used, a large voltage can be obtained even if it is thin.
- the piezoelectric switch of the present invention includes the above-described piezoelectric device and the piezoelectric device.
- An external force transmission unit that transmits and bends external force to the piezoelectric element and the conductive member, and a signal generation circuit that extracts a voltage generated by the piezoelectric element that is transmitted and vibrated by the external force from the pair of conductive members and converts the voltage into an electrical signal It is characterized by providing these.
- the piezoelectric device According to the piezoelectric device according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the piezoelectric element from being cracked on the surface of the piezoelectric element due to the stress because it is not extremely distorted due to the impact or external force of the external force. . Even if the surface of the piezoelectric element is cracked and the electrode on the surface of the element is divided, an element area contributing to power generation can be secured and sufficient power can be obtained without degrading the characteristics. Further, since one plate-like piezoelectric body is sandwiched between two conductive members, warping of the piezoelectric element can be prevented.
- the piezoelectric element is not extremely distorted due to the impact or external force of the external force, so that the surface of the piezoelectric element is prevented from cracking and the piezoelectric switch is prevented from being destroyed. can do. Moreover, even if the surface of the piezoelectric element is cracked and the electrode on the surface of the element is divided, an element area contributing to power generation can be secured and a sufficient electrical signal as a switch can be obtained. In addition, since a single plate-like piezoelectric body is sandwiched between two conductive members, the piezoelectric element is prevented from warping, and a piezoelectric switch that is easy to manufacture and hardly breaks can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device 1.
- the piezoelectric device 1 includes a piezoelectric element 4 including a piezoelectric body 2 and an electrode 3, a metal plate 6, and a fixed portion 10.
- the material of the piezoelectric body 2 is, for example, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) -based piezoelectric ceramics. Even a material other than PZT is not limited to a certain material as long as it is a piezoelectric body.
- the piezoelectric body 2 has a rectangular plate shape and is polarized in the direction of the arrow P shown in FIG. However, the shape of the piezoelectric body 2 is not limited to a rectangular plate shape.
- the material of the electrode 3 is a conductor such as silver, palladium, or copper.
- the electrode 3 is thinly baked on both main surfaces of the piezoelectric body 2, and a plate-like piezoelectric element 4 is formed by the piezoelectric body 2 and the electrode 3.
- a main surface means the widest surface which opposes a thickness direction among the surfaces of a plate-shaped object.
- the method of forming the electrodes thinly on both main surfaces of the piezoelectric body may be thermal spraying or sputtering other than printing and printing. Since the electrodes are formed thin, the influence on the elastic modulus or thermal expansion coefficient of the entire piezoelectric element is so small that it can be ignored. That is, the elastic modulus or thermal expansion coefficient of the piezoelectric element is almost the same as the elastic modulus or thermal expansion coefficient of the piezoelectric body.
- a pair of metal plates 6 as conductive members are fixed to both main surfaces of the piezoelectric element 4.
- the material of the metal plate 6 is preferably a metal having a larger elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient than the piezoelectric element 4, that is, a spring material such as SUS, phosphor bronze, titanium, stainless steel, copper, and the like.
- the metal plate 6 is used after being heated and bonded to the piezoelectric element 4 and cooled to room temperature. By cooling, the metal plate 6 contracts and compresses and holds the piezoelectric element 4 in a direction parallel to both main surfaces. Therefore, compressive stress can be applied to the piezoelectric element 4 from the metal plates 6 fixed to both main surfaces. That is, the piezoelectric element 4 can be compressed by the metal plate 6 in a direction parallel to both main surfaces. As a result, the tensile stress generated when the piezoelectric element 4 is vibrated can be relaxed. In addition, the piezoelectric element 4 can easily follow the movement of the metal plate 6. It can be done.
- the material of the metal plate 6 may also be a conductive elastic material mixed with conductive ceramics or a conductive elastic material such as a resin containing carbon fibers. Good.
- the pair of metal plates 6 are preferably formed in the same shape from the same material.
- the piezoelectric device 1 has a symmetric structure with respect to the piezoelectric element 4, so that the compressive stress can work evenly to further prevent warpage. Further, when the piezoelectric element 4 and the metal plate 6 are freely vibrated, the quality factor Q is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved.
- the piezoelectric element 4 and the metal plate 6 are fixed to each other with an adhesive such as a thermosetting resin.
- an adhesive such as a thermosetting resin.
- a plate-like body is formed by stacking a pair of metal plates 6 so that the piezoelectric element 4 is sandwiched therebetween.
- the metal plate 6 is fixed to the piezoelectric element 4 so that the piezoelectric element 4 receives compressive stress in a direction parallel to the main surface at room temperature.
- a compressive stress is applied to the piezoelectric element 4 in advance, and the tensile stress generated inside the piezoelectric element due to an external force can be relaxed.
- cracks can be prevented from entering the surface of the piezoelectric element 4 due to the tensile stress generated inside the piezoelectric element 4.
- the piezoelectric device 1 may be the piezoelectric device 1 in which the metal plate 6 is fixed to the piezoelectric element 4 at room temperature using an adhesive that cures at room temperature. Also, the adhesive should be conductive.
- the fixing part 10 is fixed by physically fastening one end of the plate-like body from both main surface sides. Further, an adhesive may be used as a fixing method.
- the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) -based piezoelectric body 2 is manufactured by a general piezoelectric ceramic manufacturing method.
- the plate-like piezoelectric element 4 is obtained by screen-printing and printing electrodes on both main surfaces of the piezoelectric body 2.
- Figure 2 As shown in (a), a pair of metal plates 6 are bonded to both main surfaces of the piezoelectric element 4 via epoxy resin, and the piezoelectric element 4 and the metal plate 6 are heated while being pressed. Once heated enough to cure the epoxy resin, cool to room temperature.
- the piezoelectric member 4 contracts in the directions of A and B in the figure due to the shrinkage of the cooled metal plate 6 as shown in FIG. Element 4 is subjected to compressive stress. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 4 is always under a compressive stress unless it receives external force at room temperature.
- the piezoelectric element 4 is polarized. For example, the polarization treatment is performed in oil having a temperature equal to or higher than the Curie temperature. Finally, one end of a plate-like body composed of the piezoelectric element 4 and the metal plate 6 is fixed to the fixing portion 10, whereby the piezoelectric device 1 is manufactured.
- the piezoelectric device 1 As described below, when an external force is applied to a piezoelectric device, the piezoelectric element generates strain and generates electricity.
- an external force in the direction C is applied to the free end of the cantilever of the piezoelectric device 1.
- the plate-like body having the piezoelectric element 4 and the metal plate 6 is bent.
- the piezoelectric body 2 is also bent together with the metal plate 6 and the electrode 3.
- the cantilever beam from which the external force is released swings to the opposite side and then freely vibrates.
- the piezoelectric body 2 follows the bending of the metal plate 6 and vibrates.
- the upper side (outer peripheral side) of the piezoelectric device is displaced in the extending direction with respect to the lower electrode (center of curvature) of the piezoelectric device.
- the potential of this electrode is lower than that of the lower electrode. That is, an electric field in the direction opposite to the polarization direction is generated.
- the potential of the upper electrode is lower. Higher than the electrode. That is, an electric field in the same direction as the polarization direction is generated.
- the piezoelectric device 1 is less susceptible to cracking because the piezoelectric body 2 is protected by the metal plate 6 than the conventional piezoelectric device for power generation, but a crack 20 as shown in FIG. 5 occurs.
- a crack 20 as shown in FIG. 5 occurs.
- the piezoelectric device for power generation if a crack occurs, the force cannot be connected between the previous electrode and the take-out electrode, and power generation ahead of the crack force is wasted.
- the metal plate 6 since the metal plate 6 is in contact with the electrode beyond the crack 20, a crack should occur. Even in such a case, it can function without reducing efficiency.
- the fixed end of the cantilever of the piezoelectric device 1 described above has a structure in which the piezoelectric element 4 is sandwiched between a pair of metal plates 6.As in the piezoelectric device 31 shown in FIG. Instead of the piezoelectric element 4, an insulator 32 may be inserted between the metal plates 6. Even if the piezoelectric element 4 is fixed to the fixed end, the piezoelectric element 4 is not deformed and thus does not contribute to power generation. Rather, the electric energy generated by the vibration at the free end can be consumed at the fixed end. With the above configuration, energy loss can be reduced as compared with the case where the piezoelectric element 4 is provided between the fixed ends of the pair of metal plates 6. Further, the metal plate 6 can be directly used as an extraction electrode in the fixed portion 10.
- the fixed end portion may have a structure in which the electrode 3 is removed from the piezoelectric element 4. That is, the fixed end portion may have a structure in which the piezoelectric body 2 is directly sandwiched between the metal plates 6. For the portion where the electrode 3 is not provided, the piezoelectric body 2 is not polarized. Furthermore, when the metal plate 6 is directly fixed to the piezoelectric body 2, the contact is poor and no loss due to the reverse piezoelectric effect occurs. For this reason, energy loss can be reduced as compared with the case where the piezoelectric element 4 is provided between the pair of end portions of the metal plate 6 that does not contribute to power generation.
- the electrode in the process of printing the electrode 3, the electrode is not printed on the area to be the fixed end. As a result, the electrode can be easily manufactured simply by adjusting the area on which the electrode is printed, and labor and cost can be reduced.
- the piezoelectric device 1 has a structure having a single-plate piezoelectric element 4. As shown in FIG. 7, the piezoelectric device 1 may have a structure in which two piezoelectric elements are sandwiched between three metal plates.
- the piezoelectric device 41 includes a metal plate 42 as a central conductive member, a piezoelectric element 46 as a first piezoelectric element, a piezoelectric element 50 as a second piezoelectric element, and a metal plate 51 as a first conductive member. And a metal plate 52 as a second elastic conductive member.
- the metal plate 42 is formed in a rectangular plate shape.
- the piezoelectric element 46 includes a piezoelectric body 43 that is polarized in the Q1 direction as a first piezoelectric body and is formed in a rectangular plate shape, and a pair of electrodes 44 and 45 provided on both main surfaces thereof.
- the piezoelectric element 46 is formed in a plate shape,
- the metal plate 42 is fixed to one main surface.
- the piezoelectric element 50 includes a piezoelectric body 47 polarized in the Q2 direction as a second piezoelectric body, and a pair of electrodes 48 and 49 provided on both main surfaces thereof.
- the piezoelectric element 50 is formed in a plate shape and is fixed to the main surface of the metal plate 42 opposite to the piezoelectric element 46.
- the metal plate 51 is fixed to the main surface of the piezoelectric element 46 opposite to the metal plate 42.
- the metal plate 52 is fixed to the main surface of the piezoelectric element 50 opposite to the metal plate 42.
- the piezoelectric device 41 is provided with the metal plates 51 and 52 on the outer sides of the piezoelectric element 46 and the piezoelectric element 50, respectively. This prevents the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 from being extremely distorted by the impact or external force of the external force, so that the surface of the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 can be prevented from cracking due to the stress. In addition, even if the surface of the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 is cracked and the electrodes on the element surface are divided, an element area contributing to power generation can be secured, and sufficient power can be obtained without degrading the characteristics.
- the plate-like piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 are sandwiched between the metal plates 42, 51 and 52, the warp of the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 can be prevented.
- two piezoelectric elements are used, a large voltage can be obtained even if it is thin.
- the material of the metal plates 42, 51 and 52 for example, the same material as that of the metal plate 6 of the first embodiment can be used. However, the material of the metal plates 42, 51 and 52 is not particularly limited to this. Further, as the material of the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50, for example, the same material as that of the piezoelectric element 4 of the first embodiment can be used. However, the material of the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 is not particularly limited to this.
- the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 41 is the same as the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 1. However, in the process of bonding the metal plate to the piezoelectric element via the epoxy resin, heating is performed with two piezoelectric elements sandwiched between the three metal plates and crimping. Further, the polarization process is performed so that the polarization direction Q1 of the piezoelectric body 43 and the polarization direction Q2 of the piezoelectric body 47 are in the same direction.
- the operation of the piezoelectric device 41 is the same as the operation of the piezoelectric device 1.
- the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 to which an external force is applied bend and vibrate freely. When the free end swings in the direction in which an external force is applied, a voltage in the direction opposite to the polarization direction is generated. When the free end swings in the other direction, a voltage in the same direction as the polarization direction is generated. For example, when an external force is applied in the opposite direction to Q1, the opposite direction to Q1 When the free end swings, the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 contract as a whole, and both the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 generate a voltage in the direction opposite to the polarization direction. Also, when the free end swings in the same direction as Q1, the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 expand as a whole, and both the piezoelectric elements 46 and 50 generate a voltage in the same direction as the polarization directions Q1 and Q2. .
- the polarization direction Q1 of the piezoelectric body 43 and the polarization direction Q2 of the piezoelectric body 47 are the same, but as shown in FIG. 8, the polarization direction R1 of the piezoelectric body 63 and the piezoelectric body 67 The polarization direction R2 may be opposite.
- the piezoelectric device 61 has almost the same structure as the piezoelectric device 41.
- the metal plate 62, the piezoelectric element 66, the piezoelectric body 63, the electrodes 64 and 65, the piezoelectric element 70, the piezoelectric body 67, the electrodes 68 and 69, the metal plate 71, and the metal plate 72 of the piezoelectric device 61 are respectively included in the piezoelectric device 41.
- the polarization process is performed so that the polarization direction R1 of the piezoelectric body 63 and the polarization direction R2 of the piezoelectric body 67 are opposite to each other.
- the piezoelectric elements 66 and 70 to which an external force is applied bend and vibrate freely.
- the piezoelectric body 63 extends in the longitudinal direction (direction from the fixed end to the free end) with the central metal plate 62 as a reference, and the piezoelectric body 67 extends in the longitudinal direction. Shrink to. In this way, a voltage is generated between the electrode 65 and the electrode 64 in the same direction as R 1, and a voltage between the electrode 69 and the electrode 68 is generated in the direction opposite to R 2.
- the piezoelectric body 63 contracts in the longitudinal direction and the piezoelectric body 67 extends in the longitudinal direction with the central metal plate 62 as a reference. In this way, a voltage is generated between the electrode 65 and the electrode 64 in the direction opposite to R1, and a voltage is generated between the electrode 69 and the electrode 68 in the same direction as R2.
- the operation of the piezoelectric device 61 is different from that of the piezoelectric device 41. From the piezoelectric device 61, the same effect as that of the piezoelectric device 41 can be obtained.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a piezoelectric device 91 in which a pair of metal plates is fixed to only a part of both main surfaces of the piezoelectric element 4.
- the piezoelectric device 91 includes a piezoelectric body 92, a pair of metal plates 96, and electrodes (not shown). The electrodes (not shown) are interposed between the piezoelectric body 92 and the pair of metal plates 96.
- the pair of metal plates 96 is fixed to only a part of both main surfaces of the plate-like piezoelectric body 92.
- the pair of metal plates 96 are preferably formed symmetrically with respect to the piezoelectric body 92.
- the piezoelectric device 91 has a symmetrical structure with respect to the piezoelectric body 92, so that compressive stress can work evenly to further prevent warpage. Further, when the piezoelectric device 91 is vibrated freely, the quality factor Q is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved.
- a part of both main surfaces to which the pair of metal plates 96 are fixed extend in the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric device 91 (direction from the fixed end to the free end).
- the crack 110 is normally generated in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG.
- the pair of metal plates 96 are fixed to a part of both main surfaces of the piezoelectric body 92 in the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric device 91 (direction from the fixed end to the free end), such a crack 110 is generated. Even in this case, conduction can be maintained. In this case, the material cost can be reduced by reducing the number of members of the pair of metal plates 96.
- the piezoelectric switch 81 includes a piezoelectric device 82, lead wires 83 and 84, and a signal generation circuit 85.
- the piezoelectric switch 81 also includes a switch 87 for driving the piezoelectric device 82, a switch returning panel 88, and a case 89.
- the piezoelectric device 82 the above-described piezoelectric device 1, 31, 41, 61 or 91 is used.
- the piezoelectric switch 81 can bend the cantilever of the piezoelectric device 82 by applying a force to the free end of the piezoelectric device 82 by the switch 87.
- the switch 87 includes a member having a substantially L-shaped cross section and a holding member that holds one end of the switch in a swingable manner.
- the bent portion of the switch 87 protrudes outside the case 89.
- One end of the switch 87 is urged against the switch returning panel 88.
- the switch returning panel 88 is bent by the external force from the switch 87 when a person holds an external force so as to push the refracting part of the switch 87 into the case 89, and the force to push the switch 87 is released.
- switch 87 is returned to its original state (normal state).
- the switch 87 and the switch return panel 88 are integrally formed as a push-on Z push-off type manual switch.
- the switch 87 has a protrusion that bends the piezoelectric device 82 in contact with the free end of the piezoelectric device 82.
- the signal generation circuit 85 is a circuit that converts the voltage generated by the piezoelectric device 82 and taken out of the pair of conductive members by the lead wires 83 and 84 into an electrical signal.
- the piezoelectric device 82 By adopting the above-described configuration, even if the piezoelectric device 82 is bent due to an external force impact or external force, the piezoelectric device 82 is not extremely distorted. 81 can be prevented from being destroyed. Further, even if the surface of the piezoelectric element is cracked and the electrode on the surface of the element is divided, an element area contributing to power generation can be secured and a sufficient electrical signal can be obtained as a switch. In addition, since the piezoelectric device 82 has a configuration in which a single plate-like piezoelectric body is sandwiched between two conductive members, the piezoelectric device 81 is prevented from warping, and is easy to manufacture and can be easily broken. Can do.
- the operation of the piezoelectric switch 81 will be described.
- the switch 87 is pushed up by the switch restoring panel 88.
- the protrusion is located above the free end of the piezoelectric device 82.
- the protrusion of the switch 87 comes into contact with the free end of the piezoelectric device 82 and bends the piezoelectric device 82 downward.
- the switch 87 can be pushed in until the switch return panel 88 contacts the bottom plate of the case 89.
- the free end of the piezoelectric device 82 also releases the protruding force of the switch 87, whereby the piezoelectric device 82 starts free vibration, and then this free vibration attenuates and stops.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a heated piezoelectric element and a conductive member. (B) It is sectional drawing which shows the cooled piezoelectric element and electroconductive member.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of a piezoelectric device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a piezoelectric switch according to the present invention.
- Piezoelectric element (second piezoelectric element) 71 Metal plate (first conductive member) 72 Metal plate (second conductive member) Piezoelectric switch
- Switch exital force transmission part
Landscapes
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/660,666 US7535155B2 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2005-07-11 | Piezoelectric device and piezoelectric switch provided with the same |
EP05757801A EP1796256B1 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2005-07-11 | Piezoelectric device and piezoelectric switch employing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-243919 | 2004-08-24 | ||
JP2004243919A JP3866258B2 (ja) | 2004-08-24 | 2004-08-24 | 圧電デバイスおよびこれを備える圧電スイッチ |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006022084A1 true WO2006022084A1 (ja) | 2006-03-02 |
Family
ID=35967304
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/012783 WO2006022084A1 (ja) | 2004-08-24 | 2005-07-11 | 圧電デバイスおよびこれを備える圧電スイッチ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7535155B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1796256B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3866258B2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200614554A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006022084A1 (ja) |
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JP2007267591A (ja) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Infineon Technologies Sensonor As | エネルギー回収機 |
JP2008067451A (ja) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-21 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | エネルギー変換装置 |
WO2012043644A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | 振動発電素子およびそれを備えた振動発電装置 |
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US10050565B2 (en) | 2014-09-01 | 2018-08-14 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Piezoelectric energy harvester and wireless switch including the same |
KR101578321B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-12-16 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 온도변화에 의해 에너지를 발생시키는 에너지 발생소자 및 이를 포함하는 온도변화 감지센서 |
JP6876960B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2021-05-26 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 発電装置及びそれを備えた入力装置 |
JP7045673B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-05 | 2022-04-01 | ユニヴェルシテ グルノーブル アルプス | 圧電エネルギーハーベスティング曲げ構造及びその製造方法 |
JP6539796B1 (ja) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-07-03 | 誠 勝部 | 発電装置及び携帯型パーソナルコンピュータ |
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JP2008067451A (ja) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-21 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | エネルギー変換装置 |
WO2012043644A1 (ja) * | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | 振動発電素子およびそれを備えた振動発電装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7535155B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 |
EP1796256B1 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
EP1796256A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
JP2006067643A (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
EP1796256A4 (en) | 2009-12-09 |
JP3866258B2 (ja) | 2007-01-10 |
US20070252479A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
TW200614554A (en) | 2006-05-01 |
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