WO2006016408A1 - 電波到来方向の適応推定追尾方法および装置 - Google Patents
電波到来方向の適応推定追尾方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006016408A1 WO2006016408A1 PCT/JP2004/011598 JP2004011598W WO2006016408A1 WO 2006016408 A1 WO2006016408 A1 WO 2006016408A1 JP 2004011598 W JP2004011598 W JP 2004011598W WO 2006016408 A1 WO2006016408 A1 WO 2006016408A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/74—Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/0848—Joint weighting
- H04B7/0854—Joint weighting using error minimizing algorithms, e.g. minimum mean squared error [MMSE], "cross-correlation" or matrix inversion
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for adaptive estimation tracking of a radio wave arrival direction of a base station that accurately estimates the radio wave arrival direction using an array antenna, and the beam directivity of the antenna based on the estimation result of the radio wave arrival direction.
- the present invention relates to a base station apparatus that is variably controlled.
- the present invention does not use complicated eigendecomposition, and the arrival direction of a plurality of incident signals, uncorrelated signals, partially correlated signals, or fully correlated multiple waves) can be quickly and accurately determined online.
- the present invention relates to a radio wave arrival direction adaptive estimation tracking method and apparatus, and a base station apparatus, which can be estimated and can quickly track an arrival direction that changes with time.
- an array antenna with multiple antenna elements arranged in different shapes is called an array antenna.
- the problem of estimating the direction of arrival of radio waves incident on an antenna (hereinafter sometimes referred to as signals from the standpoint of signal processing) is considered to be one of the important elemental technologies of adaptive array antennas.
- signals from the standpoint of signal processing is considered to be one of the important elemental technologies of adaptive array antennas.
- signal direction-of-arrival estimation problem a subspace-based method using the orthogonality of the signal subspace and the noise subspace is well known from the standpoint of estimation accuracy and computational complexity.
- a typical example is MUSIC (Multiple signal classification) (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- the subspace-based method with spatial smoothing is a spatial smoothing based MUSIC (SUS).
- SUS spatial smoothing based MUSIC
- processing such as eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) or singular value decomposition (SVD) of an array covariance matrix is performed to obtain a signal (or noise) subspace.
- EVD eigenvalue decomposition
- SVD singular value decomposition
- the signal from the caller (mobile terminal) is incident on the base station array antenna via the direct path and the reflection path due to the reflection of the building. It becomes.
- the direction of arrival of signals incident on the base station array antenna may change over time due to movement of the caller (signal source)
- a tracking method that can estimate the direction of arrival of multiple waves in real time is required. Has been.
- the number can be expressed as:
- . w (n) is white Gaussian noise with an average of 0 and power ⁇ 2 independent of each element.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ (n)) is represented by A below.
- the covariance matrix of the array is
- the entire linearly equidistant array is divided into overlapped L subarrays with m elements (l ⁇ m ⁇ M).
- Equation 4 Equation 4.
- a ( ⁇ ) and 8 are the subarray response vector and response matrix. Therefore,
- Equation 5 The covariance matrix of the / th subarray is given by Equation 5.
- Equation 6 If is spatially averaged, a covariance matrix such as Equation 6 is obtained.
- Equation 7 The eigenvalue decomposition of this spatially averaged covariance matrix can be expressed as in Equation 7.
- E is the eigenvector and eigenvalue of E
- E is a diagonal matrix with [e] as a column, IJ
- ⁇ is a diagonal matrix with [ ⁇ ] as elements.
- the signal vector ⁇ e, e, --- e ⁇ and the noise vector ⁇ e, e, --- e ⁇ are spanned
- the 1 2 p p + 1 +2 m spaces are called the signal subspace and noise subspace, respectively.
- the signal subspace can be expressed using an array of response vectors.
- the direction of arrival estimation method based on the orthogonal relationship between the signal subspace and the noise subspace is called the subspace method.
- subspace techniques such as spatial smoothing MUSIC require eigenvalue decomposition of the array covariance matrix to obtain a signal or noise subspace.
- the eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition
- the practical application of the subspace arrival direction estimation method based on the conventional eigendecomposition is limited by eigendecomposition, which is a computational burden.
- the J heart SWEDE method (Subspace-based metnods without eigendecomposition) (see Non-Patent Literature 4) has been studied, but multiple waves or a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or a small amount of data In this case, the performance of these methods will deteriorate significantly.
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- Non-Patent Document 5 Patent Document 1
- the present inventor has proposed a method and an apparatus for estimating an arrival direction based on periodic steadiness of a communication signal and a radio arrival direction estimation method and apparatus (see Non-Patent Document 5 or Patent Document 1) for tracking. It uses the temporal characteristics of stationarity, and requires fairly long array data.
- the present inventor has proposed that the new position power eigenvalue decomposition is not used and is computationally effective bUMWE (subspace—based method without eigendecomposition) (the next ii fe constant method (Non-patent Document 6 or Patent Document 2). This method has not yet been considered for on-line direction-of-arrival estimation and time-varying direction-of-arrival tracking problems.
- the object of the present invention is to estimate the direction of arrival of radio waves (non-correlated, correlated or fully correlated signals) on-line with a low amount of computation without using complicated processing such as eigenvalue decomposition. It is to provide a method that can quickly track a strange direction of arrival.
- Another object of the present invention is to make it applicable even in an environment in which the observation noise of the array is not spatially uncorrelated white noise but spatially correlated noise.
- Non-patent document l RO cnmidt, “Multiple emitter location and signal parameter estimation,” IEEE Trans. Antenna Propagation, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 276-280 (1986)
- Non-patent document 2 J. Shan, M Wax and T. Kailath, "On spatial smoothing for
- Patent Document 3 S.U.Pillai and B.H.Kwon, "Forward / backward spatial smoothing techniques for coherent signals identification, IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, signal, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 8-15 (1989)
- Non-Patent Document 4 A. Eriksson, P. Stoica, and T. Soderstrom, On-line subspace algorithms for tracking moving sources, "IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 2319-2330 (1994)
- Non-Patent Document 5 J. Xin and A. Sano, "Directions-of- arrival tracking of coherent cyclostationary signals in array processing, IEICE Trans. Fundamentals vol.
- Non-Patent Document 6 Xin and A. Sano, Computationally efficient subspace-based method for direction-of-arrival estimation without eigendecomposition, "IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 876-893 (2004)
- Patent Document 1 International Patent Application PCT / JP03Z08015
- Patent Document 2 International Patent Application PCT / JP03Z06411
- New direction-of-arrival estimation based on computationally effective subspace techniques that do not use complex processing such as eigendecomposition and spatial smoothing to quickly estimate the direction of arrival of signals incident on a base station array antenna from a moving signal source
- a tracking method is proposed.
- the first radio wave arrival direction estimation method of the present invention is a step for calculating an instantaneous correlation at a time n between a reception signal of each antenna element of the array antenna and a reception signal of another antenna element, and arranging each instantaneous correlation in a matrix.
- the instantaneous correlation is taken out one element at a time and arranged in a matrix, the instantaneous correlation matrix is created, the instantaneous correlation matrix is separated into two upper and lower correlation matrices, and the two upper and lower correlation matrices are fixed or
- a linear operator at time n is calculated by an adaptive algorithm using a time-varying step size parameter, and a noise subspace is estimated using the linear operator. It includes a step of estimating the arrival direction of multiple waves at time n using a algorithm, and estimates the arrival direction of radio waves in a spatially uncorrelated white noise environment.
- an adaptive algorithm at time n Calculate A step of estimating the noise subspace using the linear operator, and a step of estimating the arrival direction of the multiwave at time n using an adaptive algorithm using the noise subspace. Estimate the direction of arrival of radio waves in a correlated noise environment.
- This is a radio wave arrival direction estimation device for estimation.
- the first radio wave arrival direction estimating apparatus of the present invention is a means for calculating an instantaneous correlation at a time n between a received signal of each antenna element of the array antenna and a received signal of another antenna element, and distributes each instantaneous correlation in a matrix.
- a means for separating the instantaneous correlation matrix into two upper and lower correlation matrices, and the two upper and lower correlation matrices A linear operator at time n is calculated by an adaptive algorithm using a fixed or time-varying step size parameter, and a noise subspace is estimated using the linear operator.
- an adaptive algorithm Comprising means for estimating the direction of arrival of coherent signals at time n, when spatially estimate the radio wave arrival direction in the uncorrelated white noise environment.
- the linear operator at time n is calculated using the linear operator
- the noise subspace is estimated using the linear operator
- the arrival direction of the multiwave at time n is estimated using an adaptive algorithm using the noise subspace. Space and time To estimate the radio wave arrival direction in the correlated noise environment.
- the amount of calculation can be reduced. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to estimate the radio wave arrival direction in a spatially uncorrelated white noise environment and a correlated noise environment.
- 1 is an explanatory diagram of a generalized subarray in a linear equidistant array.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the operation of the signal arrival direction estimator of the first embodiment of the present invention. 5] It is an explanatory diagram of the column elements necessary for estimating the direction of arrival of radio waves in the array covariance matrix. 6] It is an explanatory diagram of row elements necessary for estimating the direction of arrival of radio waves in the array covariance matrix. 7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for generating an instantaneous correlation matrix using elements of the first column or the last column of the array covariance matrix of the present invention, and separating it into two upper and lower matrices.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an estimated angle in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of angle estimation errors in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11] is an explanatory diagram of an estimated angle in the first modification.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of angle estimation errors in the first modification.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an estimated angle in a second modification.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of angle estimation errors in the second modified example.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of column elements necessary for estimating the direction of arrival of radio waves of the array covariance matrix when the length of the spatial correlation of noise is q.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of row elements necessary for estimating the direction of arrival of radio waves of the array covariance matrix when the length of the spatial correlation of noise is q.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a base station receiver.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a base station transmission device.
- the present invention relates to a radio wave arrival direction estimation apparatus and an arrival direction estimation method for a base station that accurately estimate the radio wave arrival direction using an array antenna, and describes the multiwave arrival direction estimation control of the first embodiment according to the drawings. To do.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to components that are roughly the same or have the same function.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an array antenna in which M antenna elements are arranged linearly at a distance d.
- FIG. 2 is an arrangement relationship between the transmission source 10 and the base station receiving antenna (array antenna) 30.
- the array antenna 30 has an equally spaced linear array antenna configuration and constitutes a multiwave arrival direction estimation system.
- the direct wave 11 from the transmission source 10 to the array antenna 30 is the direct wave 11
- the reflected wave 12 is incident on the array antenna 30 after being reflected by the buildings BL 1 and BL 2.
- two reflected waves are shown as an example, but in the following, the total number of direct waves and reflected waves from the transmission source 10 is shown.
- the number (number of multiplexed signals) is P. Also assume that P is known.
- the relationship between the direct wave and the reflected wave is
- ⁇ is a matrix k 1 k representing the complex attenuation of the reflected wave s ( ⁇ ) with respect to the direct wave s ( ⁇ ).
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a multiwave arrival direction estimation system.
- This arrival direction estimation system includes an array antenna 30, a baseband and digital processing unit 40, and an arrival direction estimation unit 50.
- the array antenna 30 is composed of M antenna elements 31 (where M> 2p).
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the arrival direction estimation unit 50.
- This direction-of-arrival estimation unit 50 includes means 51 for calculating the instantaneous correlation between the array data at time n, means 52 for forming an instantaneous correlation matrix at time n, means for updating a linear operator 53 at time n, and It is composed of orthogonal projection element calculation means 54 and radio wave arrival direction update means 55 at time n.
- the co-covariance matrix R is given by the following equation, assuming that the complex conjugate of the received signal spectrum y (n) is y H (n), in an uncorrelated white noise environment.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is a noiseless received signal
- w (n) is uncorrelated white noise
- the direction of arrival is estimated by using the first and last columns as shown in Fig. 5, or the first and last rows as shown in Fig. 6. It is enough to calculate.
- the diagonal elements include noise as described above, the diagonal elements r 1 and r 2 are excluded from each ⁇ IJ and each row as shown in FIGS.
- the instantaneous correlation calculation means 51 between the array data receives the complex digital signals y (n), y (n),..., Y (n) obtained from the baseband and digital processing unit 40 as shown in Equation 1.
- the correlation matrix forming means 52 uses the correlation value obtained in Equation 12 to (M ⁇ p) Form Xp Hankel correlation matrix ⁇ ( «), (,")> ⁇ ")
- the instantaneous correlation calculation means 51 performs the instantaneous correlation at the time ⁇ between the received signal of the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ th antenna element and the received signals of the first, second to ⁇ _1th antenna elements in the array antenna.
- the Xp instantaneous correlation matrix ⁇ (n) is created, and the instantaneous correlation matrix is divided into two upper and lower pXp Divide into matrix ⁇ (n) and (M-2p) Xp matrix ⁇ (n).
- the instantaneous correlation calculating means 51 is configured to send the fl f2
- Mp Xp's instantaneous correlation matrix (Mp) X taken out by shifting (Mp) pairs, and 1st row power arranged in order 1J
- the instantaneous correlation calculating means 51 is configured to generate an instantaneous correlation at a time ⁇ between the received signal of the first antenna element and the received signal of the second, third,.
- ⁇ ⁇ ) ⁇ 2 ⁇ (") - ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) ⁇ ( ⁇ -1) (14)
- the linear operator update means 53 performs the estimation error row ⁇ ljE (n), fixed step size parameter Using ⁇ , the linear operator P (n) at time n is determined by the LMS adaptive algorithm using Equation 15.
- the direction ⁇ can be estimated by minimizing the following cost function.
- Equation 19 (upper-triangular matrix).
- the arrival direction updating means 55 calculates the arrival direction at time n according to Equation 21, that is, the approximate Newton method.
- the arrival direction estimation unit 50 uses the LMS algorithm with a fixed step size ⁇ and the approximate Newton method to estimate / track the arrival direction of the signal at time n online. Can do.
- the direction of arrival tracking method based on the present invention quickly determines the direction of arrival of a fully correlated signal (multiple wave) that changes over time without using complex eigenvalue decomposition. And it can be estimated accurately.
- the linear operator P (n) is calculated by the LMS adaptive algorithm according to Equation 15
- the value of the step size parameter / is fixed, but it can be changed (time-varying) in time.
- the step size ⁇ in Equation 15 is connected to the instantaneous correlation matrix ⁇ (n) at time n.
- Equation 22 ⁇ (twenty two) Allows an LMS algorithm with a time-varying step size / i. This makes it possible to easily estimate and track the direction of arrival of multiple waves using the LMS algorithm with time-varying step size parameter ⁇ and the approximate Newton method in an uncorrelated white noise environment. Further details will be described through specific examples of computer simulation.
- ⁇ (n) 10 ° + 5 ° sin (2 ⁇ (4 ⁇ 1 ⁇ + 2.25 X 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ 2 ))
- the average value and the estimation error are shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, respectively.
- the estimated angle curve ⁇ of the present invention the estimated angle curve B of the adaptive SWEDE method, and the actual angle C are shown in FIG.
- the arrival direction of a time-dependent fully correlated signal can be determined without using complex eigenvalue decomposition. It can be estimated quickly and accurately.
- the linear operator P (n) is calculated by the LMS adaptive algorithm according to Equation 15.
- the step size parameter in the NLMS adaptive algorithm should satisfy the stability condition 0 ⁇ 7 ⁇ 2.
- the NLMS algorithm is approximated in an uncorrelated white noise environment.
- the direction of arrival and tracking of multiple waves can be easily implemented using the Newton method.
- M 16 elements.
- ⁇ (n) 10 ° + 5 ° sin (2 ⁇ (4 ⁇ 1 ⁇ + 2.25 X 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ 2 ))
- the power is incident on the array antenna.
- FIG. 13 shows the estimated angle curve ⁇ of the present invention, the estimated angle curve B of the adaptive SWEDE method, and the actual angle C.
- the arrival direction tracking method based on the present invention can quickly determine the arrival direction of a perfectly correlated signal (multiple wave) that changes over time without using complex eigenvalue decomposition. And it can be estimated accurately.
- the direction of arrival is estimated only for the first and last columns shown in Fig. 5 and the first and last rows shown in Fig. 6.
- the direction of arrival of radio waves can be estimated just by using instantaneous correlation or any two or more rows and columns. That is, out of the four pairs in ( ⁇ ) above, the matrix ⁇
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ), ⁇ ( ⁇ ) can be determined.
- the matrix ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and ⁇ ( ⁇ ) are determined using 4
- the linear operator P (n) at time n is calculated by the LMS or NLMS adaptive algorithm using the variable step size parameter, the noise subspace is estimated using the linear operator, and the noise subspace is used.
- the arrival direction of multiple waves in a spatially uncorrelated white noise environment at time n is estimated by the approximate Newton method.
- the linear operator P (n) at time n is calculated by the LMS or NLMS adaptive algorithm using the step size parameter of, the noise subspace is estimated using the linear operator, and the noise subspace is used.
- the direction of arrival of multiple waves in a spatially uncorrelated white noise environment at time n is estimated by the approximate Newton method.
- the linear operator P (n) at time Ijn is calculated by the LMS or NLMS adaptive algorithm using the step size parameter of, and the noise subspace is estimated using the linear operator.
- Spatio-temporal uncorrelated white noise at time n by approximate Newton method
- the first and second embodiments are examples of estimating the direction of arrival of radio waves in an uncorrelated white noise environment, and the noise w included in the received signals of the i-th antenna receiving element and the j-th antenna receiving element
- the correlation between (n) and Wj (n) is
- the length of the spatial correlation of noise is 1.
- the length of the spatial correlation of noise is q (> l).
- the direction of arrival is estimated in the first and last columns as shown in Fig. 15, or in the first and last rows as shown in Fig. 16. It is enough to calculate the rows. However, since the diagonal element and the instantaneous correlation element at a distance of q from the diagonal element contain noise, elements r and r from each column are shown in Fig. 15.
- the arrival direction estimation unit 50 explains the arrival direction estimation procedure of multiple waves in a spatially correlated noise environment.
- the instantaneous correlation calculation means 51 between the array data is an instantaneous correlation at the time n between the received signal of the Mth antenna element and the received signal of the first, second, and M_q_lth antenna elements in the array antenna.
- Means 51 is an instantaneous correlation at time n between the received signal of the first antenna element and the received signals of the q + 2, q + 3 ⁇ Mth antenna elements in the array antenna.
- (M_q_p) Xp's instantaneous correlation matrix in which (M_q_p) pairs are extracted and the first row force is also arranged in a matrix in order.
- the instantaneous correlation calculating means 51 calculates the instantaneous correlation between the received signal of the first antenna element in the array antenna and the received signal of the qth antenna element q + 2, q + 3,.
- Means 51 is an instantaneous correlation in time between the received signal of the Mth antenna element in the array antenna and the received signals of the first, second and “'Mq-first antenna elements”.
- the linear operator updating means 53 obtains the linear operator P (n) at time n by the LMS adaptive algorithm using Equation 15 using the estimated error power ljE (n) and the fixed step size parameter ⁇ .
- the orthogonal projection operator calculation means 54 calculates the orthogonal projection operator ⁇ ( ⁇ ) from Equation 19.
- the arrival direction updating means 55 calculates the arrival direction at time ⁇ by Equation 21, that is, the approximate Newton method.
- the direction-of-arrival estimation unit 50 uses the LMS algorithm having a fixed step size ⁇ and the approximate Newton method to perform multiplexing in a spatially correlated noise environment, or a partial correlation signal or The arrival direction of the uncorrelated signal can be estimated and tracked.
- the linear operator P (n) can be calculated by the NLMS adaptive algorithm according to Equations 23 and 24.
- the direction of arrival is estimated using the first and last columns shown in Fig. 15 and the first and last rows shown in Fig. 16.
- the direction of arrival of radio waves can be estimated by using only a momentary correlation or a combination of any two or more rows and columns. That is, the matrix ⁇ ( ⁇ ), ⁇ ( ⁇ ) can be determined using any one of the four groups in ( ⁇ ) as in the second embodiment.
- the base station receiver can be configured by a signal arrival direction estimation device and beam forming means for generating a reception beam pattern so that a peak is directed in the direction of the signal source estimated by the arrival direction estimation device.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram of such a base station receiver.
- the array antenna 30 receives the signal and inputs it to the baseband and digital processing unit 40.
- the digital processing unit 40 performs signal processing for each antenna element and outputs complex digital received data.
- the arrival direction estimation unit 50 estimates the arrival direction of the signal using the complex digital reception data for each antenna element.
- the beamformer (reception beamformer) 60 forms a beam so as to have a peak in the signal source direction using the estimated value of the arrival direction of the signal acquired from the arrival direction estimation unit 50. That is, the beam former 60 extracts a desired signal while suppressing interference and noise, and sends it to the channel receiver 70.
- the channel receiver 70 performs reception processing by a known method, and demodulates and outputs the received data.
- the beam former 60 that directs the beam in the direction of the signal source using the direction-of-arrival information obtained by the first, second, and third embodiments can have various configurations.
- OL Frost For example, OL Frost,
- a base station transmission apparatus is composed of a radio wave arrival direction estimation device 50 and beam forming means (transmission beamformer) 80 for generating a transmission beam pattern so that a peak is directed in a direction estimated by the arrival direction estimation device. can do.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a base station transmitter that works.
- FIG. 20 also shows a base station receiver.
- the transmission beamformer 80 When the transmission data is input from the transmission unit 90, the transmission beamformer 80 forms a transmission beam pattern so that the peak is directed in the direction estimated by the arrival direction estimation unit 50, and the complex digital transmission signal is converted into baseband. And input to the digital signal processing unit 40 ′. Signal processor 4 (/ converts complex digital transmission data into a radio signal and inputs it to each antenna element of array antenna 30 '. As a result, a beam is emitted toward the receiving station, reducing the error rate. Note that the array antennas 30 and 30 'in Fig. 20 can be shared. The present invention can be applied when estimating / tracking the arrival direction of multiple waves, partial correlations or non-correlated signals online. It is.
- the present invention uses complicated processing such as eigenvalue decomposition and spatial smoothing.
- the amount of computation can be reduced, and the arrival direction of multiple waves, partial correlations or uncorrelated signals can be estimated and tracked online.
- the method of the present invention is used.
- the time-varying arrival direction of the signal incident on the array antenna at the ground station can be estimated quickly and accurately. Therefore, it is possible to improve accuracy when estimating and tracking the direction of arrival of the signal.
- a base station variable directivity reception and transmission apparatus capable of forming a beam having directivity in a desired direction is implemented. be able to.
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EP04771573A EP1777539B1 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | Radio wave arrival direction adaptive deduction tracking method and device |
JP2006531091A JP4545150B2 (ja) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | 電波到来方向の適応推定追尾方法および装置 |
PCT/JP2004/011598 WO2006016408A1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 | 2004-08-12 | 電波到来方向の適応推定追尾方法および装置 |
US11/704,423 US7391370B2 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2007-02-09 | Method and apparatus for adaptive direction estimation of radio waves |
US12/119,886 US7679560B2 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2008-05-13 | Method and apparatus for adaptive direction estimation of radio waves |
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WO2008105748A1 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-04 | Temel Engin Tuncer | Method and apparatus for the joint detection of the number of signal sources and their direction of arrivals |
JP2014064114A (ja) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-04-10 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | 受信アレーアンテナ装置 |
CN110389319A (zh) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-29 | 北京工业大学 | 一种基于低空多径情况下的mimo雷达doa估计方法 |
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EP1777539A1 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
JP4545150B2 (ja) | 2010-09-15 |
US7391370B2 (en) | 2008-06-24 |
EP1777539A4 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
US20070139268A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
EP1777539B1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
US20090079635A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
JPWO2006016408A1 (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
US7679560B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 |
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