WO2005122230A1 - 銅表面の処理方法及び銅パターン配線形成方法、並びに該方法を用いて作成された半導体装置 - Google Patents
銅表面の処理方法及び銅パターン配線形成方法、並びに該方法を用いて作成された半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005122230A1 WO2005122230A1 PCT/JP2005/010223 JP2005010223W WO2005122230A1 WO 2005122230 A1 WO2005122230 A1 WO 2005122230A1 JP 2005010223 W JP2005010223 W JP 2005010223W WO 2005122230 A1 WO2005122230 A1 WO 2005122230A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P95/00—Generic processes or apparatus for manufacture or treatments not covered by the other groups of this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P70/00—Cleaning of wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P70/20—Cleaning during device manufacture
- H10P70/27—Cleaning during device manufacture during, before or after processing of conductive materials, e.g. polysilicon or amorphous silicon layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W20/00—Interconnections in chips, wafers or substrates
- H10W20/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W20/031—Manufacture or treatment of conductive parts of the interconnections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10W72/012—Manufacture or treatment of bump connectors, dummy bumps or thermal bumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/20—Bump connectors, e.g. solder bumps or copper pillars; Dummy bumps; Thermal bumps
- H10W72/241—Dispositions, e.g. layouts
- H10W72/247—Dispositions of multiple bumps
- H10W72/248—Top-view layouts, e.g. mirror arrays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/773—Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/773—Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less
- Y10S977/775—Nanosized powder or flake, e.g. nanosized catalyst
- Y10S977/777—Metallic powder or flake
Definitions
- the present invention provides a copper surface treatment method that forms a copper surface protective film that is easy to remove while reducing and removing copper surface contaminants, and removing the protective film from the copper surface on which the protective film is formed. And copper pattern wiring with low resistance when forming a direct-drawing pattern wiring using nano copper metal particles and nano copper metal particles prepared by using the processing method.
- the present invention relates to a formation method and a semiconductor device manufactured using the method.
- the copper surface is easily oxidized or immediately left in the air in the middle of the process, or when exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere, it is oxidized, and an intermediate treatment such as pickling must be performed during the subsequent process. Don't be.
- the copper surface was washed at the beginning of the process and then continuously processed in a clean atmosphere to prevent copper surface oxidation.
- the process must be interrupted during the process and left for a long time, or if it is exposed to an acidic atmosphere during the process, the copper surface must be re-cleaned again during the process. Often there was also.
- Patent Document 1 relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor integrated circuit device having a buried wiring whose main conductive layer is copper.
- an ammonia plasma processing process which is one of the processes adopted here, Patent Document 1 It has been suggested that a thin nitride layer is formed on the copper surface, which can suppress the formation of an oxide layer.
- Several other methods using plasma have been proposed. However, in the case of the method using plasma, there is a problem that the possibility of so-called plasma damage cannot be denied.
- Nano metal particles mean particles with a primary average particle size of SlOOnm or less, preferably 30nm or less. And a method for producing nano-sized particles having a uniform particle size by evaporating metal or the like, and can be dispersed in an organic solvent such as toluene. In addition, in order to stabilize the dispersibility for a long period of time, it is effective to add a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, etc., and a thermosetting resin such as phenol resin or epoxy resin can be added. It is effective to accelerate fusion and fusion between nanoparticles by cure shrinkage. Examples of the material include copper, silver, and gold. These fine particles have a great feature that they can be drawn directly by an ink jet method. In this method, nano metal particles are contained in an organic solvent, and a desired pattern is drawn by an inkjet method that is practically used in a printer.
- Precious metals such as silver and gold are not easily oxidized, but copper is more easily oxidized than silver and gold.
- heat treatment about 150-300 ° C
- the copper surface is oxidized during the heat treatment.
- Nano metal particles have a problem that the wiring resistance increases due to the formation of surface copper oxide because the proportion of atoms in the surface is large
- Patent Document 6 In a technique that uses lithography by mixing with a resist in a direct drawing system such as an inkjet system, various low resistance copper coppers have been proposed.
- Patent Document 6 is known.
- the reductive heat treatment technology used here does not contain 4% or less of molecular (H) hydrogen.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2002-110679 A
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-347241
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-176878
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-127503
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-26465
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-75999
- the present invention forms a protective film that can be easily removed on the surface of copper without using plasma, and the following is performed from the copper surface on which the protective film is formed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating a copper surface for removing a protective film.
- the present invention solves the problem of increased wiring resistance due to the formation of surface copper oxide when forming direct-drawing patterning wiring using nano-copper metal particles.
- the purpose is to achieve resistance and enable mounting on a semiconductor.
- a gas of a compound containing hydrogen and nitrogen is brought into contact with a heated catalyst body, and chemical species generated by the catalytic decomposition reaction are reacted with the copper surface. It is characterized by reducing and removing contaminants and forming a copper nitride film on the copper surface. The formed copper nitride film can be removed by heating.
- the nano copper metal particle surface can be treated in the same manner.
- the method for forming a copper pattern wiring of the present invention includes a step of forming a patterned wiring using nano copper metal particles on a substrate by a direct drawing method, and the wiring of the metal surface oxide film by atomic hydrogen. It is characterized by a process of reducing and / or removing organic substances. Further, according to the present invention, a patterning wiring can be formed using nano copper metal particles in which a copper nitride film is previously formed on the particle surface.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention includes a semiconductor substrate through electrode that penetrates a semiconductor substrate having an LSI formation surface and connects the upper surface side and the back surface side, and LSI formation on the upper surface side of the semiconductor substrate.
- the pattern wiring is directly connected to the multilayer wiring portion formed on the surface and / or the back surface rewiring formed on the back surface side of the semiconductor substrate using nano copper metal particles.
- the wiring is formed by a drawing method, and the wiring is characterized in that the metal surface oxide film is reduced and / or organic substances are removed by atomic hydrogen.
- a chemical species generated by the catalytic decomposition reaction of a compound containing hydrogen and nitrogen reacts with the copper surface to reduce and remove copper surface contaminants, or to easily remove copper on the copper surface.
- a nitride protective film can be formed. Thereafter, the copper surface on which the protective film is formed is heated by calorie, so that the protective film is easily thermally decomposed and removed, and a clean copper surface can be obtained. Is provided.
- the present invention reduction is performed under reduced pressure with atomic hydrogen (H) decomposed with a metal catalyst of the Hot-Wire method, so that the reduction activity is much higher than that of molecular hydrogen. Therefore, the reduction temperature can be lower. As a result, the present invention can be applied to the manufacture of semiconductor devices to achieve low resistance after patterning wiring drawing. Further, according to the present invention, when ammonia is used as a raw material, atomic H, NH, NH, N, etc. decomposed species decomposed with a hot-wire metal catalyst are reduced or nitrided under reduced pressure. Nitro
- the present invention can be applied to the manufacture of a semiconductor device to achieve low resistance after patterning wiring drawing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reactor (one example) for carrying out the method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the processing apparatus used as the copper wiring cleaning apparatus shown in FIG.
- Figure 3 shows that Cu N was formed on the copper surface by the copper surface treatment with ammonia.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of nitride produced on the copper surface and the copper surface treatment time with ammonia.
- Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the N (ls) peak height and the ammonia treatment time in Cu N shown in Fig. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the technology of the present invention for removing dirt and oxides from an organic solvent is applied to a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 7 is a Cu (2p) photoelectron spectroscopic spectrum diagram before and after removal of atomic hydrogen of copper deposited on a silicon substrate by a sputtering method.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between atomic hydrogen treatment time and the peak intensity of Cu-0 in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a C (ls) spectrum of a copper surface by photoelectron spectroscopy.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the atomic hydrogen treatment time and the peak intensity of each component force in FIG.
- a gas of a compound containing hydrogen and nitrogen is brought into contact with a heated catalyst body, chemical species generated by the catalytic decomposition reaction are reacted with the copper surface, and copper surface contaminants are reduced and removed.
- a copper nitride film is formed on the copper surface, and the formed copper nitride film is removed by heating.
- the meaning of copper means copper or a substance partially containing copper. As long as copper is included, the same effect as in the case of pure copper can be obtained.
- the nano copper metal particle surface can be similarly treated according to the present invention. That is, the copper nitride film can be formed as a protective film on the surface of the nanocopper metal particle by reacting the surface of the nanocopper metal particle with the chemical species generated by the catalytic decomposition reaction.
- the compound containing hydrogen and nitrogen in addition to ammonia gas, for example, hydrazine, a mixture of ammonia and an inert gas can be used.
- ammonia is preferably used.
- the catalyst body of the present invention is preferably tungsten, rhenium, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, platinum, thorium, zirconium, yttrium, hafnium, palladium, iridium, ruthenium, iron, nickel, chromium, One material of aluminum, silicon, or carbon, a single oxide of these materials, a single nitride of these materials, or a single carbide of these materials (except carbon).
- mixed materials or compound oxides with two or more kinds of force selected from these material forces nitrides of mixed crystals or compounds with two or more types of force selected from these material forces, or these materials (Excluding carbon) It may be any one of two or more selected mixed crystals or compound carbides.
- the temperature of copper (the substrate described later) is 200 ° C or less when a protective film is deposited on the copper surface, and 300 ° C when the protective film on the copper surface is removed. C or higher is desirable.
- the gas flow rate of the compound containing hydrogen and nitrogen such as ammonia gas, it is possible to select an arbitrary amount that does not cool copper or the catalyst body.
- the temperature of the catalyst body is, for example, a temperature range of 1000 ° C force and 2200 ° C in the case of a tandastene catalyst body.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protective film forming apparatus used in the present invention.
- the reaction apparatus used in the method for forming a copper surface protective film of the present invention for example, the treatment apparatus described in Patent Document 2 can be used.
- ammonia gas is fed into the reaction chamber from the gas inlet on the lower surface of the reaction chamber.
- a heater is installed just above the reaction chamber, and there is a substrate holder in the reaction chamber directly below the heater, and the substrate is installed on the substrate holder with the deposition surface facing down.
- a catalyst body having, for example, tungsten linear force is installed between the substrate and the gas inlet, and the inflowing gas is decomposed by heating the catalyst body to a high temperature.
- Degradation products include active hydrogen, nitrogen, NH, NH, and other active species, which reduce or remove copper surface contaminants.
- the shutter is for preventing the substrate from being attached until the decomposition reaction is stabilized.
- the exhaust port is for discharging reaction residual gas.
- the present invention removes stains and oxides due to an organic solvent on a copper wiring formed by a direct drawing method such as an ink jet method or a screen printing method at a low temperature of room temperature to 200 ° C. This will be explained below.
- a copper wiring is formed by an inkjet method (or screen printing method).
- Nano copper metal particles are contained in an organic solvent, and a desired pattern is drawn by the ink jet method that is used in printers. Thereafter, a heat treatment for evaporating the organic solvent is performed.
- the circuit wiring can be formed by applying a nano paste containing nano copper metal particles in an organic solvent on the substrate by the screen printing method, followed by heating and baking. it can.
- the present invention removes dirt and oxides from an organic solvent from a copper wiring formed by such a direct drawing method.
- heat treatment for evaporating the organic solvent is performed, copper oxide is formed by surface oxidation of copper, which can also be removed by subsequent atomic hydrogen treatment.
- this invention is applicable also when not performing the heat processing which evaporates an organic solvent.
- the heat treatment is not performed, the organic solvent is contained, but the organic solvent can be removed by the subsequent atomic hydrogen treatment.
- thermosetting resin when the thermosetting resin is contained in the nano paste, it is desirable to carry out over 200 ° C and the temperature range of the thermosetting resin.
- the present invention can use nano-copper metal particles that have been pretreated to form a copper nitride film as a protective film before forming a copper wiring by an ink jet method (or screen printing method).
- Patterning wiring is formed by a direct drawing method using nano-copper metal particles that have undergone such pretreatment.
- a desired pattern is drawn by adding pretreated nano copper metal particles in an organic solvent.
- the heat treatment for evaporating the organic solvent can be performed at this stage where the patterning wiring is performed, or the organic solvent is removed at the same time by performing the nitrogen removal treatment in the next stage.
- Nitrogen removal treatment decomposes the copper nitride surface protective film by heating the formed patterning wiring to a temperature of 120 ° C or higher. At this time, at the same time as the nitride film is decomposed, the interface resistance can be reduced and the resistance can be lowered by sintering the wired particles.
- a separate sintering process can be performed after the decomposition process of the copper nitride surface protective film, the sintering process is preferably performed in a reducing gas atmosphere such as atomic hydrogen at around 200 ° C.
- FIG. 2 is a processing device showing an example different from FIG. 1 that can be used as a copper wiring cleaning device.
- a raw material containing hydrogen such as hydrogen, ammonia, hydrazine or the like, is fed as a raw material for atomic hydrogen or ammonia-decomposing species through a cleaning gas supply mechanism.
- a substrate heating mechanism such as a heater is installed immediately below the reaction chamber, and the sample (substrate) force is placed on the sample stage in the reaction chamber immediately above the heating mechanism with the deposition surface facing upward.
- a catalyst body made of, for example, tungsten wire is installed between the shower head for diffusing the gas from the gas inlet and the sample, and the inflowing gas is decomposed by heating the catalyst body to a high temperature by the catalyst body heating mechanism.
- atomic hydrogen or ammonia decomposing species are generated by a catalytic decomposition reaction with a heated catalyst. Copper interconnect oxides are removed by atomic hydrogen reduction, and organic contaminants can be removed by the formation of hydrocarbons by the reaction of atomic hydrogen and carbon.
- a compound containing nitrogen which is a raw material of atomic hydrogen or ammonia decomposition species
- a compound containing nitrogen for example, ammonia or hydrazine
- atomic nitrogen is generated simultaneously with atomic hydrogen by bringing the compound gas into contact with a heated catalyst body, and the metal surface oxide film is reduced by atomic hydrogen and / or organic substances are removed.
- the metal surface can be nitrided with atomic nitrogen.
- the temperature of the catalyst body is, for example, a temperature range of 1000 ° C. to 2200 ° C. in the case of a tungsten catalyst body.
- the raw material supply mechanism in FIG. 2 is for supplying, for example, hexamethyldisilazane silane used for depositing a SiN-based film, if necessary.
- the vacuum system is for exhausting residual reaction gas.
- a silicon LSI wafer on which pattern wiring using nano copper metal particles is formed as a sample (substrate) is placed on the sample stage. Then, in order to remove the contamination of the silicon LSI wafer formed with patterning wiring using nano copper metal particles, hydrogen gas is flowed in at a flow rate of 30 sccm for 10 minutes, and this treatment removes the contamination.
- Example 1 [0032] Using the reaction apparatus shown in Fig. 1, a silicon LSI wafer in which copper wiring was performed by a damascene process was installed as a substrate in a substrate holder. The temperature of the substrate holder was heated to 60 ° C, the catalyst body of the tandastane wire was heated to 1600 ° C, and the pressure of the reaction chamber was set to 2.7 X 10 _5 Pa. First, in order to remove contamination of the silicon LSI substrate with copper wiring by the damascene process and to continuously form a protective film on the copper surface, ammonia gas was treated for 20 minutes by flowing ammonia gas at 50 sccm for 20 minutes. . By this treatment, the removal of contamination and the formation of a protective film on the copper surface from which contamination was removed were sequentially performed.
- FIG. 3 shows a spectrum obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) when the ammonia treatment time is 20 minutes.
- the horizontal axis is the binding energy
- the vertical axis is the photoelectron intensity.
- FIG. 4 shows changes in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum when the ammonia treatment time is changed.
- Figure 4 shows the N (ls) peak in CuN.
- Figure 5 shows the peak
- the ammonia-treated silicon LSI substrate was taken out of the reaction chamber and allowed to stand at room temperature for 30 days. Changes in the copper surface protective film during the period were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). As a result, the amount of oxide on the surface was 1/10 or less of the normal thickness. This shows that the copper protective film is stable around room temperature.
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the technique of the present invention for removing dirt and oxides due to an organic solvent is applied to a semiconductor device.
- the illustrated semiconductor device there is an LSI formation surface on the upper surface of the Si substrate.
- a circuit (circuit element) is formed on the LSI forming surface.
- the side on which this LSI forming surface is located is called the upper surface side, and the opposite side is called the back surface side. And on this The surface side is illustrated in the downward direction.
- a semiconductor substrate (Si substrate) having an LSI formation surface is provided with a Si substrate through electrode that penetrates the Si substrate and connects the upper surface side and the back surface side.
- a multilayer wiring portion (LSI upper surface rewiring) is formed on the LSI formation surface.
- LSI upper surface post electrodes are formed there.
- the post electrode is covered with a surface insulating layer made of, for example, a plastic mold, and a bump for external connection is provided at the tip.
- the back surface of the Si substrate located on the upper side in the figure, the back surface of the Si substrate is ground so that the tip of the through electrode is exposed, and further, only Si is selectively etched, so that the semiconductor substrate is etched.
- the tip of the penetrating electrode protrudes from the back surface.
- a back surface insulating layer is applied until the through electrode is hidden.
- Back surface rewiring is performed on the back surface insulating layer.
- a protective film is applied on this redistribution. Furthermore, an opening is provided in the protective film on the bump forming part on the rewiring, and the bump is formed here.
- a stacked semiconductor device is configured that includes bump electrodes for external connection on both the front surface side and the back surface side, and can be used by being stacked with other semiconductor devices.
- the present invention can be applied to backside rewiring of such semiconductor devices or LSI topside rewiring to remove stains and oxides due to organic solvents.
- FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are diagrams showing copper surface cleaning (acid oxide) with atomic hydrogen.
- FIG. 7 shows Cu (2P) photoelectron spectroscopy before and after removal of copper atomic hydrogen deposited on a silicon substrate by sputtering.
- the horizontal axis shows the binding energy (eV), and the vertical axis shows the photoelectron intensity (arbitrary unit) as a relative value.
- the atomic hydrogen treatment conditions were a tungsten catalyst temperature: 1700 ° C., a substrate temperature: 50 ° C., and a treatment time: 20 minutes. Before treatment, the peak due to Cu-0 appears on the high-bond energy side. It disappears completely by atomic hydrogen treatment.
- Fig. 8 shows the relationship between the atomic hydrogen treatment time and the peak intensity of Cu-0 in Fig. 7. It turns out that Cu-0 can be removed by 1 minute treatment. Similar results are obtained with ammonia.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are diagrams showing copper surface cleaning (carbon-based) with atomic hydrogen.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a C (ls) spectrum by photoelectron spectroscopy on a copper surface. High binding energy One side is caused by gas components originating from the CO system, and the low binding energy side is attached by dirt.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the atomic hydrogen treatment time and the peak intensity from each component in FIG. Atomic hydrogen can remove attached carbon. Although it appears that it has not been completely removed, the sample is transported through the atmosphere between the atomic hydrogen treatment device and the photoelectron spectroscopy device, so that carbon adheres to the sample. On the other hand, it is observed that the intensity of CO gas decreases. From this, this processing
- the surface has the effect of preventing adsorption of CO-based gas.
- the above results are the same as those obtained when atomic hydrogen is used. Similar results are obtained even when ammonia is used.
- the substrate temperature is higher than the decomposition temperature of Cu N (about 120 ° C),
- the surface becomes Cu, which is the same as when hydrogen is used. Below the decomposition temperature, the surface is nitrided and becomes Cu N, and if this is heated to the decomposition temperature, Cu
- N decomposes and the surface becomes Cu, which is the same as when hydrogen is used.
- Copper nano paste (NPC-J from Harima Kasei Co., Ltd.) with a primary average particle size of 5 nm obtained by gas evaporation method, and a wiring pattern with a width of 0.1 mm and a length of 100 mm on a polyimide substrate by inkjet method. Formed.
- This sample is loaded into the substrate holder of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the substrate holder temperature is raised from 200 ° C to 250 ° C, the tungsten catalyst temperature is set to 1700 ° C, and the pressure in the reaction chamber is 2.7 X 10 _5 Set to Pa.
- Hydrogen gas was flowed in at a flow rate of 50 sccm for 10 minutes and decomposed into atomic hydrogen on the tungsten catalyst to process the copper wiring pattern.
- the force of the copper nanobase wiring was black before the treatment.
- After the atomic hydrogen treatment it changed to a metallic copper color.
- When conducting a continuity test using a resistance tester it showed a good conductivity of 3 X 10 _6 ⁇ 'cm .
- a sample in which a wiring pattern was formed on a polyimide substrate in the same manner as in Example 5 was loaded into the substrate holder of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the substrate holder temperature was 50 ° C, and the tungsten catalyst body temperature was 1700 °. C, and the pressure in the reaction chamber was set to 2.7 X 10 _5 Pa. Ammonia gas was introduced for 20 minutes at a flow rate of 50 sccm, decomposed on the tungsten catalyst, and the copper wiring pattern was processed. So After that, the substrate holder temperature was raised from 200 ° C to 250 ° C, and the reaction was continued for 10 minutes.
- the copper nanopaste wiring color was black, but after the ammonia treatment, it changed to a metallic copper color.
- it showed good conductivity of 3 X 10 _6 ⁇ 'cm.
- copper nanoparticles having a primary average particle size of 5 nm obtained by vapor evaporation in a platinum plate were placed in a nitriding treatment in the same manner as in Example 1. Then, copper nanoparticles having a nitrided surface were prepared. 100 parts by weight of these copper nanoparticles are mixed with 50 parts by weight of toluene and 10 parts by weight of dodecylamine, dispersed with ultrasound, and filtered using a polytetraethylene filter with a mesh size of 0.5 m, and the surface is nitrided. A copper nanoparticle paste was obtained.
- a sample in which a wiring pattern was formed on a polyimide substrate in the same manner as in Example 5 was heat-treated at 250 ° C for 30 minutes in a reducing nitrogen gas atmosphere containing 5% hydrogen gas, so that the fineness of copper nanoparticles was obtained. Made.
- the treated wiring had a dull metallic copper color, and when this copper wiring was subjected to a continuity test using a resistance tester, it did not show a very good conductivity of 7 X 10 _6 ⁇ 'cm.
- the present invention it is possible to reduce and remove copper surface contaminants and to form a copper nitride protective film that can be easily removed on the copper surface. Thereafter, the protective film can be easily removed by heating the copper surface on which the protective film is formed. Moreover, according to the present invention, it is possible to form a protective film on the copper surface without changing the characteristics of the material on the substrate other than copper, for example, the dielectric constant of the dielectric. Therefore, for example, the present invention may be a very useful technique in the manufacturing process of a wiring material for a silicon integrated circuit.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/569,144 US7825026B2 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2005-06-03 | Method for processing copper surface, method for forming copper pattern wiring and semiconductor device manufactured using such method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2004167891A JP4765055B2 (ja) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-06-07 | 銅表面の処理方法 |
| JP2004-167891 | 2004-06-07 | ||
| JP2004-378965 | 2004-12-28 | ||
| JP2004378965 | 2004-12-28 |
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| PCT/JP2005/010223 Ceased WO2005122230A1 (ja) | 2004-06-07 | 2005-06-03 | 銅表面の処理方法及び銅パターン配線形成方法、並びに該方法を用いて作成された半導体装置 |
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| WO (1) | WO2005122230A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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| WO2007125744A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-11-08 | Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. | 両面電極構造の半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
| WO2008110547A1 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2008-09-18 | Aixtron Ag | Novel plasma system for improved process capability |
| WO2009054343A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-30 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | 銅配線パターン形成方法及びそれに用いる酸化銅粒子分散液 |
| JP2020155495A (ja) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-24 | キオクシア株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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| JP4340517B2 (ja) | 2003-10-30 | 2009-10-07 | Okiセミコンダクタ株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
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| WO2020033632A2 (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-13 | Kuprion Inc. | Electronic assemblies employing copper in multiple locations |
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| CN118248573B (zh) * | 2024-02-26 | 2025-09-30 | 广东工业大学 | 一种Cu-Cu低温键合方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7825026B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 |
| US20070187812A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
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