Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
  • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
  • C04B14/30—Oxides other than silica
  • C04B14/305—Titanium oxide, e.g. titanates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
  • C04B40/0092—Temporary binders, mortars or concrete, i.e. materials intended to be destroyed or removed after hardening, e.g. by acid dissolution
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
  • C04B41/455—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application the coating or impregnating process including a chemical conversion or reaction
  • C04B41/4558—Coating or impregnating involving the chemical conversion of an already applied layer, e.g. obtaining an oxide layer by oxidising an applied metal layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
  • B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
  • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
  • B01J37/0215—Coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
  • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
  • C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
  • C04B2111/2061—Materials containing photocatalysts, e.g. TiO2, for avoiding staining by air pollutants or the like

Definitions

• the invention relates to a coating material with a binder and a particle with a size of less than 10 ⁇ m and / or a filler having a surface roughness of less than 10 ⁇ m or less, and the use of such a coating material for coating facades and other structural parts.
• Coating materials of the type specified above are used for the coating of facades and other building surfaces for optical or structural reasons. However, it has proven to be problematic here that the cleaning of surfaces coated with such coating materials is often difficult and costly. For this reason, there has long been a search for ways to make the surfaces of surfaces coated with such coating materials self-cleaning.
• WO 00/39049 describes the production of self-cleaning surfaces using coating materials of the type described in the introduction.
• the coating materials described in this document contain fillers with an at least bimodal particle size distribution, particles with a particle size of at least 5 ⁇ m and particles with a particle size of at most 3 ⁇ m being used on the one hand.
• coating materials of this type it is achieved that dirty rainwater runs off the surface of an object and dust particles deposited on the surface are carried away by the rolling water drops.
• the drainage of the rainwater achieved using the special fillers results in a permanently dry facade. Damage to moisture, in particular on the weather sides of the facade, can thereby be avoided.
• the drying of the facades means that an important livelihood, namely water, is removed from the microorganisms, so that facade surfaces obtained using the known coating materials are protected in a natural way, without addition of biocides, from attack by fungi, algae, lichen, etc. can.
• a coating material comparable with the coating materials known from WO 00/39049 is also described in EP 0772 514 B1.
• a self-cleaning surface is obtained by producing a surface structure with elevations at a distance of 5 to 200 ⁇ m using hydrophobic polymers or permanently hydrophobized materials, taking care that the elevations are not caused by water or can be removed by water with detergents.
• the desired surface structure can be achieved by post-treatment of the surface, such as, for example, by embossing, etching, milling or also by dusting the surfaces, it being ensured in any case that the elevations obtained in this way are not caused by water or water Detergents are replaced.
• the self-cleaning surface structure described in the cited documents can also be achieved on smooth surfaces by using special sprays.
• WO 00/06633 describes coating materials for plastics based on inorganic binders and fillers.
• the coating materials specified in the known document can additionally contain photocatalytically active agents for self-cleaning by breaking down organic soiling and superhydrophilicity.
• the binders used to produce the known materials are stable against the photocatalytic effect of the photocatalytically active agents.
• EP 0 916 411 A1 specifies a coated product with a first coating layer and a second coating layer containing a photocatalytically active agent. The combination of two described in the cited document
• Layers create a photocatalytically self-cleaning surface that is not degraded by the photocatalytic effect.
• the object of the invention is to provide coating materials of the type described in the introduction, the self-cleaning properties of which are permanently retained if they are exposed to rain, moving water or mechanical loads, such as wind, from time to time.
• this object is achieved by a further development of the known coating materials, which is essentially characterized in that the Binder is at least partially catalytically degradable and the coating material contains at least one catalytically active agent.
• the composition of the coating material is expediently set such that the photocatalytic degradation of the binder corresponds to chalking level 1 according to DIN EN ISO 4628-6.
• the permanent preservation of the desired self-cleaning properties can be ensured within the scope of the invention by using the coating material according to the invention as the outer coating for outdoor exposure in accordance with EN ISO 2810 (climate Da, sample body oriented vertically and facing the equator) per year by the photocatalytic Degradation of the binder, a reduction in the layer thickness of the coating material by 0.1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, is produced.
• This invention is based on the knowledge that the loss of the self-cleaning properties observed with the known coating materials is essentially due to the fact that, in addition to the impairments of the surface structure mentioned in EP 0 773 514 B1, it comes from detachment of surface particles upon contact with water and / or detergents can also lead to changes in the surface structure due to mechanical loads. These loads, for example caused by airborne particles, can damage the microstructure of facade surfaces, which results in the loss of self-cleaning properties.
• the catalytic degradation of binders that occurs when using coating materials according to the invention also does not lead to the problems that arise when using the mineral paints described at the beginning, because the rate of catalytic degradation of the binder can be controlled by using suitable, catalytically active agents so that it does not become too there is an accumulation of degradation products causing visible pollution because these degradation products are rinsed off to a sufficient extent by rainwater and / or volatile materials are generated in the course of the catalytic degradation which do not even deposit on the self-cleaning surfaces.
• the speed required to obtain the desired regeneration of the surfaces can be adjusted in accordance with the selected particle size and / or surface roughness so that the catalytic degradation of the binder does not lead to a shortening of the renovation intervals.
• Weather resistance of coating materials is understood to mean their property to withstand the external, coating-destroying influences of the weather, such as light, UV radiation, temperature, oxygen, moisture and / or water.
• weather resistance is achieved by subjecting coating components which are ascribed a photocatalytic effect, such as titanium dioxide pigments, to a surface treatment to reduce the photocatalytic activity.
• highly stabilized pigments with excellent protective properties for coating materials are achieved with conventional coatings. Due to the remaining photocatalytic activity of these known materials, the layer thickness is reduced so slowly that a reduction in the layer thickness of a few ⁇ m is observed only after many years of external weathering.
• the coating material according to the invention differs from these known materials in that an intentional degradation of the binder is achieved by adding a photocatalytically highly effective agent, the rate of degradation being adjusted by the choice of the binder and the photocatalytically active agent so that it is greater than the rate of degradation of conventional ones Materials with surface-treated photocatalytically active agents, but remains so small that undesired chalking is avoided.
• a photocatalytically highly effective agent the rate of degradation being adjusted by the choice of the binder and the photocatalytically active agent so that it is greater than the rate of degradation of conventional ones Materials with surface-treated photocatalytically active agents, but remains so small that undesired chalking is avoided.
• the binder is at least partially photocatalytically degradable and the catalytically active agent has at least one photocatalytically active metal oxide.
• a photocatalytically degradable binder can have an aqueous polymer dispersion, a water-redispersible polymer dispersion, a hydrophobic resin and / or a resin precursor.
• the photocatalytically active agent can be in the form of a photocatalytically active metal oxide.
• the photocatalytically active agent can be an oxide of titanium, zinc, iron, manganese, molybdenum and / or tungsten, preferably in a proportion of at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 80% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight, based on the total amount of the catalytically active agent.
• a further adjustability of the catalytic properties and the degradation products produced can be achieved if the catalytically active agent has at least one additive, in particular ion, selected from C, N, S and / or that from Pt, Rh, Mn, Cr, Ru, Ni, Pd , Fe, Co, Ir, Cu, Mo, Zr, Re, Ag and Au, in the form of their oxides and / or halides, preferably in a proportion of 40% by weight or less, particularly preferably 20% by weight or less, in particular 10% by weight or less, and more than 1% by weight, preferably more than 2.5% by weight, in particular 5% by weight or more, based on the total weight of the catalytically active agent, having. This allows the catalytic property with wavelengths such.
• the catalytically active agent has at least one additive, in particular ion, selected from C, N, S and / or that from Pt, Rh, Mn, Cr, Ru, Ni, Pd , Fe, Co, Ir, Cu, Mo, Z
• the catalytically active agent has zinc sulfide, zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, preferably in partially crystalline or anatase form.
• coating materials according to the invention particularly good self-cleaning properties are achieved if the filler has particles with a size and / or surface roughness of 10 ⁇ m or less, in particular 1 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably nanofillers in the form of highly disperse silica, because this gives excellent superhydrophobicity becomes.
• the coating material advantageously contains less than 60% by weight, preferably less than 40% by weight, particularly preferably less than 30% by weight of fillers with the desired particle sizes or surface roughness.
• layers according to the invention consist of subcritical or critical formulations, which are characterized in that the filler contained at least partially consists of a nanoparticle, such as, for example, highly disperse silica.
• a critical or subcritical formulation is understood by a person skilled in the art to mean a formulation in which any pigments, fillers and interstices that may be present are completely surrounded or filled by the binder.
• the dried or hardened state of the coating material surface or film surface obtained using corresponding coating materials is formed by a closed layer of binder and fillers / pigments.
• Such a surface of a coating does not yet show any self-cleaning properties.
• photocatalytically active metal oxides such as the highly porous photocatalysts described in DE 197 57 496 for utilizing visible light, or in the simplest form also by means of zinc sulfide, zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, preferably in partially crystalline or anatase form, by the action of Day or UV light catalytically induced degradation of organic constituents of the binder film, starting with the outer layer of the outer surface.
• This degradation of binder exposes the nanofillers that are preferably used and form a micro surface structure with hydrophobic properties.
• Nanocomposites can be used.
• the nanoparticles are already attached to the surface of the polymer dispersion particles.
• the photocatalytic degradation not only of the binder, but also of any organic dirt particles present on the surface achieves a significantly more effective and permanent self-cleaning function compared to the prior art. Due to the constant degradation of binder, the surface is constantly renewed and a deterioration in the self-cleaning properties due to the loss of the microstructure is reliably avoided.
• the coating material according to the invention can have a filler with a monomodal particle size distribution with an average particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or less, in particular 1 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
• the coating material has 10 to 30% by weight, in particular approximately 20% by weight of a photocatalytically degradable binder, 2 to 30% by weight, in particular 5 to 15% by weight, in particular preferably about 10% by weight of a filler with an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less, in particular 0.1 ⁇ m or less, such as nanoscaled silica, 2 to 15% by weight, in particular 3 to 8% by weight, particularly preferably about 5% by weight of a photocatalytically active pigment, such as TiO 2 possibly doped with C, N and / or S, and optionally 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, in particular 0.05% by weight a pigment distributor, 0.1 to 1% by weight, in particular about 0.3% by weight of a thickener, 5 to 3% by weight, in particular 10 to 20% by weight of a further filler, such as a fine quartz Filler, 10 to 20% by weight, in particular about 15% by weight of a pigment, 2 to 8% by weight, in particular about
• the disadvantage of all applications of the self-cleaning surfaces utilizing the lotus effect is overcome in the context of the invention by a combination of the nanotechnology causing the lotus effect and photocatalysis.
• the lotus effect of a surface with a micro / nanostructure means that the contact area of water becomes extremely small and the energy interaction between water and surface drops below 1%.
• the durability of such a coating is improved according to the invention in that nanoscaled particles, such as nanogels based on silicic acid, are added to the coating material used to produce this coating structure, which continuously renew the effective surface structure as the surface continues to weather.
• photocatalysis is used specifically within the scope of the invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Nanotechnology (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Polarising Elements (AREA)
• Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-04-15 DE DE102004018338A patent/DE102004018338A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-04-15 CN CNA2005800192000A patent/CN1968996A/zh active Pending
  • 2005-04-15 DK DK05732406.3T patent/DK1735372T3/da active
  • 2005-04-15 WO PCT/EP2005/004033 patent/WO2005100459A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2005-04-15 CA CA2561916A patent/CA2561916C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-04-15 JP JP2007507769A patent/JP2007532737A/ja active Pending
  • 2005-04-15 AT AT05732406T patent/ATE541883T1/de active
  • 2005-04-15 EP EP05732406A patent/EP1735372B1/de not_active Revoked
  • 2005-04-15 RU RU2006140238/04A patent/RU2377267C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-04-15 US US10/599,950 patent/US7955430B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-09-26 NO NO20064341A patent/NO333774B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

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