WO2005096041A1 - マイクロパターン位相差素子 - Google Patents
マイクロパターン位相差素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005096041A1 WO2005096041A1 PCT/JP2005/005848 JP2005005848W WO2005096041A1 WO 2005096041 A1 WO2005096041 A1 WO 2005096041A1 JP 2005005848 W JP2005005848 W JP 2005005848W WO 2005096041 A1 WO2005096041 A1 WO 2005096041A1
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- thin film
- film layer
- group
- phase difference
- liquid crystal
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0087—Phased arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
- G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
- G03B35/26—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using polarised or coloured light separating different viewpoint images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel micro-pattern retardation element and a method for manufacturing the same, and further relates to a liquid crystal display element that enables stereoscopic viewing using a micro-turn retardation element.
- Various techniques have been proposed for a technique for viewing images stereoscopically (stereoscopic vision).
- stereoscopic vision is also referred to as a polarized glasses method.
- the right and left eyes with glasses using polarizing plates whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other, right eye and left eyesight
- the obtained image has binocular parallax, and the polarization planes of the light are orthogonal
- the left and right image information are distributed to the left and right eyes by the polarizing plate of the observer's spectacles.
- a method of combining images created by using two display devices or projection devices with a half mirror or a polarizing mirror is used.
- the display device is expensive, and is suitable for displaying a stereoscopic image to a large number of spectators, but is not suitable for home use or for office viewing with a small number of people and other displays.
- a micropatterned polarizing element whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other in the same plane is used as a display device, it becomes possible to simultaneously display the right-eye image and the left-eye image on a single display device, and the cost of the device will increase. It has been proposed that can be made cheaper.
- Patent Document 1 After a resist is coated on a stretched polyvinyl alcohol film, pattern exposure and development are performed to pattern the resist, and a portion of the extended polyvinyl alcohol film not covered with the resist is dichroic. There has been proposed a method of forming a polarization region of a desired pattern by dyeing with a compound.
- Sadeg M. Faris applied a resist on a stretched dichroic polyvinyl alcohol film, patterned it, and dissolved it with an aqueous solution of caustic soda.
- Non-patent Literature A method of producing a polarizing film having a patterned polarizer and superposing two patterned polarizing films whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other; producing a polarizing element called z Pol and using it for stereoscopic viewing has been published (Non-patent Literature). 1).
- Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4 disclose that a thin film of a photo-alignment material coated on a substrate is irradiated with polarized light in a pattern, and a dichroic dye solution is coated thereon.
- a method has been proposed in which a micro-patterned polarizing element having optical axes orthogonal to each other is formed, and the micro-patterned polarizing element is formed corresponding to an LCD pixel electrode.
- Patent Documents 5, 6, 7, and 8 disclose a retardation film having a micro pattern used for stereoscopic display.
- Patent Documents 5 and 6 a retardation film is provided on a transparent support material via an adhesive, and subsequently, a resist member is provided at a predetermined position of the retardation film, and then immersed in hot water.
- a film having a phase difference function in a portion where the resist member is not present, and then drying the film, and then drying the portion to have a phase difference function and a portion in which the phase difference function is lost in a micropattern. Has been proposed.
- Patent Documents 7 and 8 a retardation film is provided on a transparent support material, a predetermined portion of the retardation film is cut and removed with a carbide blade, and a portion having a phase difference function and a phase difference function are provided.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-96905 discloses a film having a portion that has disappeared in a micro pattern.
- Patent Document 2 JP 2001-159713 A
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-357720
- Patent Document 4 U.S. Pat.No. 5,327,285
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-59948
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-59949
- Patent Document 7 JP-A-2002-14301
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-147499
- Non-patent document l Sadeg M. Faris SID 91 DIGEST p840-843
- a polarizing element or a retardation film in which a plurality of polarization regions having different polarization transmission axis directions used for three-dimensional display and used for stereoscopic display are conventionally known has the following problems.
- a polarizing element in the method presented at Sadeg M. Faris Force Society of Information and Display Conferance (Non-Patent Document 1, Patent Document 4), a resist was coated on a stretched birefringent polyvinyl alcohol film and putt réelle.
- the polarizing element remaining when dissolving and removing with a post-caustic soda aqueous solution swells to reduce the polarizing ability, and the two types of substrates whose polarizing axes are orthogonal to each other are bonded together to manufacture. There is a problem when extremely high positioning accuracy is required.
- a retardation film having a pattern used for stereoscopic display
- a retardation film is provided on a transparent support material via an adhesive, and then the retardation film is provided.
- the resist member is immersed in hot water, and water penetrates into a portion of the retardation film where the resist member does not exist, and the portion is denatured.
- the property of being able to rotate the vibration direction in the linear polarization state disappears, and a film is obtained in which the phase of the transmitted light is shifted by 180 ° between the part where the resist member exists and the part where the resist part does not exist.
- the immersed part partially swells and elutes. .
- a retardation film is provided on a transparent support material via an adhesive, and then a resist member is provided at a predetermined position of the retardation film, and then immersed in hot water. After the loss of the retardation function of the part of the retardation film where the resist member is not present, after drying, a protective member is provided on the resist member side to improve the moist heat resistance. The boundary between the part where the phase difference function is lost and the part where the phase difference function is not lost is clarified. There is a problem that it does not.
- a retardation film is provided on a transparent support material, a predetermined portion of the retardation film is cut and removed with a carbide blade, and the removed groove portion is removed by a phase difference. Since the film does not exist, the phase difference film naturally does not exhibit the property of being able to rotate the vibration direction of the light in the specific wavelength range in the state of linearly polarized light, and is therefore transmitted through the groove and other parts. A film in which the phase of light is shifted by 180 ° will be obtained.
- the process of partially shaping the retardation film placed on the support material (substrate) into a concave groove with a carbide blade (saw blade) or the like If extremely high precision is required, there is a problem.
- the present inventors have conceived to fundamentally solve the above-mentioned problems of a retardation film having a micropattern that can be used for stereoscopic display.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that a micropattern excellent in partial orientation formed by a process such as the above-mentioned problematic hot water treatment or cutting and removal requiring extremely high precision is formed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new retardation element having a birefringent layer, a method of manufacturing the retardation element, and a liquid crystal display using the micro-pattern retardation element.
- no phase difference film or phase difference element capable of controlling the phase difference range in ⁇ units has been known so far, and an object of the present invention is to provide such a phase difference element (including a phase difference film).
- the present invention has studied a micropatterned phase difference element at a practical level for use in a display element in which the orientation of the birefringent layer is entirely improved.
- the present inventors have manufactured a retardation element by orientation of liquid crystal without stretching the retardation film, and controlled the orientation of the liquid crystal by a polymer film having orientation, thereby controlling the orientation of liquid crystal by micropatterning. I thought about doing it.
- a photoactive material suitable for micropatterned anisotropic alignment of the birefringent layer Intensive study was conducted on the molecular layer.
- a liquid crystalline polycondensation polymer such as polyamide, polyimide, or polyester having a photoactive group bonded thereto, a liquid crystalline polyaddition reaction polymer such as polyurethane, or a liquid crystalline polyvinyl cinnamate.
- non-liquid crystalline polymethacryloyl (atalyloyl) oxymethoxycarboxy-roxyethylazobenzene having a photoactive group has excellent suitability for micropatterning.
- the birefringent layer was studied. That is, by giving a high degree of orientation to the polymer thin film of the photoactive molecular layer, it was considered that there is a possibility that the molecular orientation of the birefringent layer to be formed thereon can be sufficiently controlled. . In other words, there is a possibility that the molecular orientation of a birefringent molecule formed thereon, for example, a birefringent layer containing a liquid crystal substance, can be sufficiently controlled by the influence of a polymer thin film having a high degree of orientation.
- a nematic liquid crystal and a lyotropic liquid crystal material having a thermopic liquid crystal property suitable for a phase difference element are suitable as a phase difference element obtained by micropatterning. Have been found to be able to be sufficiently oriented.
- a liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer thin film having a photoactive group is formed on a substrate, and the polymer thin film is irradiated with linearly polarized light so that the molecular axis of the birefringent layer is the molecular weight of the photoactive group.
- the micro-pattern can be formed by the birefringent layer by arranging the axes in the direction of the axis, that is, the direction defined by the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light applied to the thin film, and fixing the polarization axis. It has been found that a retardation element can be obtained.
- a micropatterned polarizing element having a polarization axis orthogonal to the same plane is used as a display device.
- the present inventors have found that it is possible to simultaneously display an image and an image for the left eye, and that a stereoscopic display device with a low price can be obtained.
- a retardation element comprising a refraction layer.
- group force C N force is at least one group selected.
- the liquid crystal polymer thin film layer is a thin film layer made of polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin or polyvinyl cinnamate resin (1) or (2). Phase difference element.
- non-liquid crystalline polymer thin film layer is a thin film layer made of polymethacryl (atalyloyl) oxymethoxycarboxy-l-oxetylazobenzene.
- the birefringent layer arranged in a micropattern is a birefringent layer in which birefringent molecules are arranged in a micropattern, and the birefringent layers according to (1) to (4) are misaligned.
- the phase difference element according to any one of the claims.
- liquid crystal polymer thin film layer is a thin film layer made of polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin or polyvinyl cinnamate resin.
- a liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer thin film having a photoactive group is formed on a substrate, and the polymer thin film layer is irradiated with linearly polarized light through a micro-patterned mask.
- a birefringent layer having a birefringent molecular force is provided on the polymer thin film layer, and the birefringent molecule is formed into a micropattern.
- liquid crystal polymer thin film layer according to (15) or (16), wherein the liquid crystal polymer thin film layer is a thin film layer made of polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin or polyvinyl cinnamate resin.
- a method for manufacturing a phase difference element A method for manufacturing a phase difference element.
- liquid crystal polymer thin film layer is a thin film layer having a polymethacryl (atalyloyl) oxymethoxycarboxy-loxoshetylazobenzene force.
- a liquid crystal display device wherein at least one of the upper and lower substrates facing each other is a substrate having the retardation element according to any one of (1) to (7).
- a birefringent layer containing birefringent molecules is provided on a liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline high molecular thin film layer having a photoactive group irradiated with linearly polarized light, and the molecules are simply arranged in a micropattern.
- a micro-patterned phase difference element can be obtained. No stretching operation required Therefore, it has become possible to directly fabricate a retardation element on a substrate that cannot be stretched, such as a glass substrate.
- the liquid crystal display device using the retardation element of the present invention which can partially control the in-plane alignment of the nematic liquid crystal, can control the in-plane alignment of the liquid crystal in a micrometer micro area in any direction. It can be applied to high-quality LCDs such as low-power consumption drive, high-definition display, and high-presence display.Portable display media that requires low-power consumption drive, high-contrast, high-definition high-definition television, It is expected to be put to practical use in 3D LCD TVs and the like with full of feeling.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state of partial alignment by irradiation with linearly polarized light according to Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a polarizing microscope image of a photorefractive birefringent layer according to Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a polarizing microscope image of a photorefractive birefringent layer according to Example 2.
- the liquid crystalline polymer having a photoactive group used in the present invention is a liquid crystalline polymer that causes a change in the molecular axis alignment of the photoactive group by irradiation with linearly polarized light.
- the change in molecular axis orientation here means a phenomenon in which the direction of the molecular axis changes to a certain direction according to the linearly polarized light after absorbing the light energy of the linearly polarized light.
- All the groups having the property of causing a change in the molecular axis orientation of the photoactive group by irradiation with linearly polarized light are included in the photoactive group in the present invention.
- ⁇ and ⁇ represent an optionally substituted benzene or naphthalene ring.
- X is an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a dialkylamino group (the alkyl group has 1 carbon atom.
- the alkyl groups in the dialkylamino group may be the same or different, and may be unsubstituted or one or both may be substituted with a cyano group or a hydroxy group.
- Alkyria A mino group (the alkyl group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms) represents an atom or a group whose power is also selected, ⁇ represents an integer of 1 to: L0, phe represents a benzene ring, and p′phe or ⁇ ⁇ phe indicates that each two substituents are at the para or ortho position.)
- Preferable examples of these groups include groups represented by the following formula.
- one of X and X is a hydrogen atom, and the other is an aromatic group which may have a substituent.
- ⁇ ⁇ phe may have a substituent V ⁇ .
- substituent on the aromatic group and the phe group include those described for Y above.
- one of X and X is a hydrogen atom or an alkoxycarbol group (an alkoxy group)
- the number of carbon atoms is from 1 to 4), the other is a group represented by BY or an alkoxycarbol group (alkoxy group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms), or both X and X are bonded. , C
- H N—N (alkyl) CO (the alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
- A, B, Y, and p′phe have the same meanings as described above. )
- the wavelengths of light absorbed by these liquid crystalline polymer compounds having photoactive groups are not limited to those in the visible light region, but include those in the ultraviolet and infrared regions.
- liquid crystalline polymer having a photoactive group used in the present invention examples include a liquid crystalline polycondensation polymer such as polyamide, polyimide, and polyester having a photoactive group bonded thereto.
- liquid crystalline polyaddition reaction polymers such as bonded polyurethane and liquid crystalline polyvinyl cinnamate.
- the liquid crystalline polymer is a homopolymer obtained by reacting a monomer having a photoactive group, a monomer having a photoactive group, and a monomer having no photoactive group. May be used as the copolymer.
- a monomer obtained by polymerizing a monomer having no photoactive group or a monomer of the same type within 100 mol per 1 mol of a monomer having a photoactive group is preferable. More preferably, a polymer obtained by polymerizing the same type of monomer having no photoactive group in a proportion of 50 mol or less is preferred! Such a polymer having a photoactive group is known in Patent Document 2 or the like, or can be easily synthesized by a method based thereon or the like.
- the liquid crystal polymer has a partial structure represented by the following general formulas (1) to (4), and the entire polymer is substantially composed of this partial structural force.
- the homopolymer of the present invention, or a homopolymer of liquid crystalline polybutyl cinnamate, or a copolymer containing at least about 1 mol%, more preferably at least 2 mol%, of the partial structure or the partial structure corresponding to the cinnamate vinyl in a molar ratio Can be mentioned.
- a polyamide compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1) [0024]
- R represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, an i-propyl group, or a chlorine atom.
- N represents an integer of 5 to 10,000.
- Z represents any of the groups represented by the following formulas (a) to (e).
- A represents a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring which may have a substituent
- X represents an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a dialkylamino group (the alkyl group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms)
- the alkyl groups in the dialkylamino group may be the same or different, and may be unsubstituted or one or both substituted with a cyano group or a hydroxy group.
- X and X each have a hydrogen atom or an alkoxycarbonyl group (an alkoxy group)
- the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 4), and the other is —B—Y or a lower alkoxycarbon group (alkoxy group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms), or both X and X are bonded. do it,
- CH N—N (lower alkyl)
- a group represented by CO the alkyl group has 1 to 3 carbon atoms).
- B represents a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring which may have a substituent
- Y represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alcohol group
- Xy group alkyl group has 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- alkyloxycarbyl group alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a dialkylamino group (1 to 3 carbon atoms in an alkyl group), a dihydroxylethylamino group, a hydroxyalkylamino group (1 to 3 carbon atoms in an alkyl group), and a dicyano.
- P represents an integer of 1 to 10
- phe represents a benzene ring
- p′phe or o′phe represents that the two substituents are at the para or ortho position.
- a polyimide compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (2) A polyimide compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (2).
- R is a residue of an alicyclic or aromatic tetracarboxylic acid
- ⁇ ′ is an integer of 2 to L0000.
- R represents a group having a photoactive group represented by the following formula (f) or (g).
- a polyurethane compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (3) A polyurethane compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (3).
- R represents the same meaning as in the general formula (2), and R represents — (CH 2) m —
- n an integer of 5 to 10,000.
- a polyester compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (4) [0027]
- B Indicates a group represented by Y.
- the symbols A, X, p, p'phe, B and Y in the formula have the same meanings as in the general formula (1).
- R represents a benzene ring, a naphthatan ring, a methyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Preferred examples of the above include the following.
- liquid crystalline polyvinyl cinnamate homopolymer or copolymer A liquid crystalline polyvinyl cinnamate homopolymer or copolymer.
- the liquid crystalline polycondensation polymer and the liquid crystalline polyaddition polymer of the above (1) to (3) are bifunctional monomers having a photoactive group, and the other difunctional monomer.
- the desired liquid crystalline polymer compound (homopolymer) can be obtained by reacting the functional monomer with an equimolar amount.
- the same type of bifunctional monomer having no photoactive group is used together with the bifunctional monomer having a photoactive group, and the other difunctional monomer is used in the same manner as described above.
- a desired copolymer can be obtained, and as a result, a liquid crystalline polymer compound can be obtained.
- the amount of the photoactive group in the polymer compound can be adjusted by changing the use ratio of the monomer having the photoactive group and the same type of monomer having no photoactive group.
- the other difunctional monomer to be reacted with the bifunctional monomer having a photoactive group includes, for example, 4,4′-diamino-1,3,5,3 ′, 5′-tetra R-substituted monodiphenylmethane ( R has the same meaning as in the above general formula (1).), An alicyclic or aromatic tetracarboxylic acid, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and the like.
- the alicyclic or aromatic tetracarboxylic acid includes an alicyclic or aromatic tetracarboxylic acid having a carbon number of up to 6 and a carbon number of 8 to: a condensed ring tetracarboxylic acid having four carboxyl groups on a condensed ring of LO. Or a condensed ring having two carboxyl groups on an alicyclic having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic or condensed ring having 8 to 10 carbon atoms having two carboxyl groups, with or without a bridging group And two bonded tetracarboxylic acids.
- the crosslinking group that can be employed is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a lower alkylene group, a CO group, a nitrogen atom, and an oxygen atom.
- the homopolymer of liquid crystalline polyvinyl cinnamate can be obtained by polymerizing a vinyl cinnamate monomer.
- a vinyl cinnamate monomer is copolymerizable with the vinyl cinnamate monomer, does not inhibit liquid crystallinity, and has no photoactive group.
- a high molecular compound can be obtained.
- monomers which can be copolymerized with a vinyl cinnamate monomer to obtain a copolymer and do not have a photoactive group include, for example, 4- (4′-n-pentyl) phenylstyrene, — (4'— n—hexyl) Examples include phenylstyrene, 4- (4'-n-pentyl) cyclohexylstyrene, and 4- (4'-n-hexyl) cyclohexylstyrene.
- the ratio depends on the structure of the monomer, but ranges from 1: 0 to 1: 100, more preferably from 1: 0 to 1:50, in terms of molar ratio.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out by a conventional method for obtaining a polyamide compound, a polyimide conjugate, a polyurethane conjugate or a polyester conjugate, and a polyvinyl cinnamate polymer by a conventionally known method. Solution polymerization method etc.
- the degree of polymerization of the liquid crystalline polymer having a photoactive group used in the present invention obtained as described above is not particularly limited, and varies depending on the type of resin, the type of photoactive group, and the like. Although it cannot be said unconditionally, it is usually 2 or more, preferably 5 or more, and more preferably 10 or more to about 10,000.
- Examples of the bifunctional monomer having a photoactive group include, for example, orthophthalic acid having a photoactive group on a benzene nucleus and two alkyl groups, and the nitrogen atom is further substituted with a photoactive group.
- bifunctional monomer having a photoactive group serving as a raw material of the liquid crystalline polymer used in the present invention are shown below, but these are merely examples and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Preferable examples thereof include isophthalic acid having the above (a) or (e) as the substituent Z having optical activity.
- a monomer suitable for preparing a polyimide compound or a polyurethane compound [Formula 10]
- Examples of the monomer having a group having a non-aromatic C CC bond as a photoactive group include the following.
- examples of the non-crystalline polymer include polymethacryl (atalyloyl) oxymethoxycarboxy-loxoshetylazobenzenes, and specific examples thereof include polymethacryl (ataliloyl). And oxymethoxycarboxy-l-oxoshetylazobenzene.
- Various methods can be adopted as a method of providing such a thin film of a liquid crystalline or non-crystalline polymer having a photoactive group on a substrate.
- a spin coating method can be used.
- a liquid crystalline or non-crystalline polymer thin film can be provided on a substrate by the Langmuir-Projet method, or can be adsorbed by immersing the substrate in a solution of a liquid crystalline or non-crystalline polymer compound.
- the spin coating method is a preferable method.
- the thickness is usually preferably about 5 m or less. It is more preferably 3 m or less, and a sufficiently satisfactory result can be obtained at L m or less.
- the liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer is usually obtained by dissolving the liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer in a solvent. A solution of the molecular compound is used. The concentration of the polymer in the solution cannot be unconditionally determined because the appropriate concentration varies depending on the type of the polymer, the degree of polymerization, the coating method, the desired film thickness, and the like. %, Preferably about 0.5% to 5% by weight.
- the appropriate concentration can be easily determined by preliminary tests, depending on the application method used.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the polymer compound, and specific examples of the solvent that can be used include pyridine, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N — Aprotic polar solvents such as methylpyrrolidinone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and dimethylimidazoline (DMI).
- a transparent organic or inorganic material can be used as the substrate.
- the substrate that can be used include a glass plate, a polyester film, a triacetate film, and a polyethersulfone film.
- the substrate may have any thickness within a range suitable for the display element substrate.
- a method for irradiating a thin film of a liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer compound having a photoactive group provided on a substrate with linearly polarized light various known irradiation methods can be applied.
- the laser beam having polarization can be condensed using a lens or the like, and the laser beam can be emitted so that the irradiation locus of the laser beam becomes a non-turn shape.
- Exposure energy is preferably in the range of lnijZcm 2 to lOjZcm 2 ! /.
- the birefringent molecules are simply adsorbed in a micropattern on the thus obtained liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer thin film having photoactive groups whose molecular axes are arranged in a certain direction, ie,
- the birefringent layer can be separated.
- the sub-axes are arranged in the direction of the molecular axis of the photoactive group, that is, in the direction defined by the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light applied to the thin film, and are fixed as they are, so that the properties as a micro-pattern retardation element are obtained. Be demonstrated.
- the birefringent layer may be formed so as to be oriented in a certain direction by being controlled by the orientation of the oriented photoactive group in the thin film.
- birefringent molecules for example, a photocatalyst
- a substrate having a liquid crystalline or amorphous polymer thin film having a photoactive group having a molecular axis arranged in a certain direction Apply a solution of a nematic liquid crystal molecule having an orbital or lyotropic property, or place the thin film side of the substrate inside, preferably sandwich the birefringent molecule between the two substrates, and if necessary, By sealing, the birefringent molecules can be oriented in a certain direction by the influence of photoactive groups having molecular axes arranged in a certain direction in the thin film, thereby forming the micropatterned birefringent layer. it can.
- a solution of a lyotropic nematic liquid crystal molecule is preferred.
- a solution of a chromonic compound such as chromoglycate for example, 1 — 20, preferably about 2-10% by mass.
- the birefringent molecule for example, a liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates (at least one substrate is a substrate having the polymer thin film) to form a retardation element, the deviation of the thermopick-up liquid crystal or the lyotropic liquid crystal may occur. It is also preferable to sandwich it in a nematic liquid crystal state. Usually, it is preferable to prepare an empty liquid crystal cell having the high molecular thin film inside, and fill the liquid in the nematic liquid crystal state therein.
- the molecular axis of the birefringent layer is arranged in the direction defined by the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light irradiated on the liquid crystalline or non-liquid crystalline polymer thin film having a photoactive group, and the micropattern retardation element is formed. Characteristics can be exhibited.
- a liquid crystalline polymer is a polymer that exhibits liquid crystallinity under certain conditions.
- a polymer exhibiting so-called lyotropic liquid crystallinity and a polymer in a molten state without the intervention of a solvent A thermopick liquid crystal polymer having a liquid crystal structure is known.
- a liquid crystalline polymer has a layer in which molecular chains are highly oriented in a flow direction in a liquid crystal state, and a high strength and high elastic material is obtained by fixing the orientation state.
- Patent Literature 5 and Patent Literature 6 shown in the conventional examples show a method of performing a 3D image display by combining a liquid crystal display device with an element having a phase that is partially 180 ° different.
- a 3D image display can be recognized as a stereoscopic image by combining the micropattern phase difference element manufactured as described above with a liquid crystal display device so that the phase is shifted by 180 °. Will be possible.
- thermopic picked nematic liquid crystal used in the present invention, E-8, ZLI-1565, ZLI-2140, ZLI-2582, ZU-2788, ZU-3462-000, ZLI-1844, MLC-9000- 000/100, MLC—9100—000Z100 (Merck), LIXON5005, LIXON5011, LIXON5013, LIXON5016, LIXON6520, LIXON9160, LIXON9839 (Chisso Corporation) Good.
- a biphenyl-based single-mouthed pick-nematic liquid crystal, for example, the above E-8 is one of preferred ones.
- Compounds that form lyotropic liquid crystals include amphoteric, cationic, and non-ionic amphiphilic low-molecular compounds, high-molecular compounds such as cellulose derivatives and polysiloxanes, and chromoglycates. Chromonic compounds. Solvents that dissolve these lyotropic liquid crystals include water, alcohols, ethers, pyridine, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP), dimethylacetamide Non-protonic polar solvents such as (DMAC) and dimethylimidazoline (DMI) are preferred. Particularly, a mixed solvent mainly composed of water is preferable.
- the mixing amount of the organic solvent at this time is an arbitrary force. Generally, the mixing amount is preferably 0 to 70% by mass, particularly preferably 0 to 50% by mass.
- the solution When the lyotropic liquid crystal solution is sandwiched between the substrates and sealed, the solution may be filled as a solution having a concentration showing the nematic liquid crystal state of the liquid crystal compound. There is no particular problem as long as the concentration can form a state. Although the concentration of the liquid crystal compound in these solutions cannot be unconditionally determined, it is 1 to 60% by mass. And preferably about 2 to 50% by mass.
- an epoxy resin mixed with a spherical silica spacer of about 7 m was applied, leaving the liquid crystal injection port, and the glass substrates were placed so that the photo-alignment film faced inside. Pasted.
- the entire surface of the glass substrate on which the polyamide thin film was formed was converted to visible light with a 400 nm cut-off filter using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp (500 WZhr), and then linearly polarized through a polarizing plate. After that, the molecular axis of the photoactive group is aligned in a certain direction.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a partially oriented state of a photoactive group by irradiation with linearly polarized light.
- thermo-pic picking nematic liquid crystal E-8 (trade name: manufactured by Merck) is injected into the space of the empty liquid crystal cell (the space between the two glass substrates), and the periphery of the liquid crystal cell is completely filled with epoxy resin.
- E-8 thermo-pic picking nematic liquid crystal
- Lithium 4-trans pentyl cyclohexanoate exhibiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity was synthesized from 4 trans pentyl cyclohexanoic acid and lithium hydroxide as follows.
- the critical micelle concentration of an aqueous solution of lithium 4-trans-pentylcyclohexanoate is 1.676 X 10-2 molZL, showing a nematic phase at about 32% at room temperature (25 ° C) and a hexagonal phase at about 37%. showed that.
- a liquid crystal cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and approximately 32% of lithium 4-trans pentyl cyclohexanoate was placed in the gap between the two glass substrates of the liquid crystal cell irradiated with light. was injected and the lyotropic liquid crystal phase of lithium 4 trans pentylcyclohexanoate was photo-aligned to obtain a good alignment state.
- a glass substrate having a photoactive group-containing polyamide thin film was prepared according to Example 1, and the glass substrate was converted to visible light with a 400 nm cutoff filter using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, and further linearly polarized through a polarizing plate. After that, the substrate force is also irradiated for 1 minute from a distance of 50 cm to align the molecular axes of the photoactive groups in a certain direction.
- the striped fountain at 70 ⁇ m intervals Then, the entire surface of the glass substrate was covered so as to be parallel to the electric vector of the linearly polarized light that was irradiated first, and linearly polarized light rotated 45 ° from the first linearly polarized light was irradiated onto the glass substrate to form an exposed substrate.
- the liquid crystal display device using the retardation element of the present invention which can partially control the in-plane alignment of the nematic liquid crystal, can control the in-plane alignment of the liquid crystal in a micrometer micro area in any direction. It can be applied to high-quality LCDs such as low-power consumption drive, high-definition display, and high-presence display.Portable display media that requires low-power consumption drive, high-contrast, high-definition high-definition television, It is expected to be put to practical use in 3D LCD TVs and the like with full of feeling.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
Abstract
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JP2006511666A JPWO2005096041A1 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-29 | マイクロパターン位相差素子 |
US10/593,884 US7736708B2 (en) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-29 | Micropattern retardation element |
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US7736708B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
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US20070134442A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
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