WO2005094993A1 - 水素化促進剤、水素化触媒及びアルケン化合物の製法 - Google Patents
水素化促進剤、水素化触媒及びアルケン化合物の製法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005094993A1 WO2005094993A1 PCT/JP2005/006694 JP2005006694W WO2005094993A1 WO 2005094993 A1 WO2005094993 A1 WO 2005094993A1 JP 2005006694 W JP2005006694 W JP 2005006694W WO 2005094993 A1 WO2005094993 A1 WO 2005094993A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogenation
- compound
- palladium
- reaction
- examples
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 305
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- -1 alkene compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GZTNBKQTTZSQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oct-4-yne Chemical compound CCCC#CCCC GZTNBKQTTZSQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WXHIJDCHNDBCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium dihydride Chemical compound [PdH2] WXHIJDCHNDBCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 69
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 28
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylformamide Substances CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920000832 Cutin Polymers 0.000 description 12
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960003986 tuaminoheptane Drugs 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- JRXXLCKWQFKACW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenylacetylene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JRXXLCKWQFKACW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JYRIJBPELVXSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloprop-2-yn-1-one Chemical compound O=C1C#C1 JYRIJBPELVXSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethynylbenzene Chemical group C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZOUWOGOTHLRRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;phosphane Chemical class P.[Pd] ZOUWOGOTHLRRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyne Chemical compound CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011981 lindlar catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000000185 1,3-diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NKTDTMONXHODTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentyne Chemical compound CCC#CC NKTDTMONXHODTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000292411 Excoecaria agallocha Species 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylformamide Chemical compound CNC=O ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FFFMSANAQQVUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-ynylbenzene Chemical compound CCC#CC1=CC=CC=C1 FFFMSANAQQVUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-yne-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCC#CCO DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphane Chemical compound PP VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JXMQYKBAZRDVTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-2,4-diyne-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCC#CC#CCO JXMQYKBAZRDVTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCQALVMFTWRCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oct-2-yne Chemical compound CCCCCC#CC QCQALVMFTWRCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003256 radium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGAXYKDBRBNWKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-oxooxolan-2-yl)methyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)OCC1OC(=O)CC1 MGAXYKDBRBNWKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCTDZYMMFQCTEO-FNORWQNLSA-N (E)-3-octene Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CC YCTDZYMMFQCTEO-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRUCBBFNLDIMIK-FPLPWBNLSA-N (z)-oct-4-ene Chemical compound CCC\C=C/CCC IRUCBBFNLDIMIK-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000180 1,2-diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXVDWKZNFZMSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,5,5-tetramethylhex-3-yne Chemical group CC(C)(C)C#CC(C)(C)C FXVDWKZNFZMSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPDNPQNJMXLRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylhept-3-yne Chemical group CCCC#CC(C)(C)C MTPDNPQNJMXLRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYBFBXTUWDPXLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylhex-3-yne Chemical group CCC#CC(C)(C)C XYBFBXTUWDPXLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVJGYUVBHOVELE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylhex-3-yne Chemical group CC(C)C#CC(C)C OVJGYUVBHOVELE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAECBAMNQFGJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethylsulfanylmethylsulfanyl)ethanol Chemical compound OCCSCSCCO GAECBAMNQFGJIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEDKVDCIEARIIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Nonadecanone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)=O IEDKVDCIEARIIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONIKNECPXCLUHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl ONIKNECPXCLUHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POBOUPFSQKXZFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhex-3-yne Chemical group CCC#CC(C)C POBOUPFSQKXZFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FASNPPWZLHQZAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ynylbenzene Chemical group CC(C)(C)C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 FASNPPWZLHQZAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQQNMIPXXNPGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexyne Chemical compound CCC#CCC DQQNMIPXXNPGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOALCTWKQSWRST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethylpent-2-yne Chemical group CC#CC(C)(C)C FOALCTWKQSWRST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLMFWJQZLPEDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpent-2-yne Chemical group CC#CC(C)C SLMFWJQZLPEDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEFMBAFMCSYJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZEFMBAFMCSYJOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
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- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
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- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
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- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/35—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction
- C07C17/354—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions not affecting the number of carbon or of halogen atoms in the reaction by hydrogenation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/17—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
- C07C5/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
- C07C5/09—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds to carbon-to-carbon double bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
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- C07F15/0066—Palladium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
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- B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
- B01J2231/64—Reductions in general of organic substrates, e.g. hydride reductions or hydrogenations
- B01J2231/641—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes
- B01J2231/645—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes of C=C or C-C triple bonds
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
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- B01J2531/824—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- C07C2531/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- C07C2531/22—Organic complexes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogenation catalyst for partially hydrogenating an alkyne compound into an alkene conjugate, and a method for producing the alkene compound using the hydrogenation catalyst.
- H. Lind 1 ar performs partial hydrogenation of alkyne compounds using a catalyst prepared by poisoning metal palladium supported on calcium carbonate with lead acetate to obtain highly selective cis alkene compounds. Reported that This catalyst is currently most commonly used as having both high activity and high cis selectivity.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that a 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphino) propanepalladium chloride is used as a phosphine-palladium complex in a catalytic amount to form a mixture of ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide (DMF) and an alcohol. It discloses a method for producing an alkene compound by partially hydrogenating an alkyne compound as a reaction substrate in a mixed solvent in the presence of potassium tert-butoxide or sodium borohydride and in the presence of hydrogen. (For example, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-2363686).
- the phosphine-palladium complex described in the above-mentioned JP-A-2003-2363686 has a high reaction rate as a hydrogenation catalyst and is suitable for selecting a cis alkene compound when an internal alkyne compound is hydrogenated.
- the development of a hydrogenation catalyst that surpasses such an excellent phosphine-palladium complex is extremely useful, for example, for synthesizing pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and their intermediates. Therefore, there is a strong demand in the chemical industry.
- the above-described palladium nanoparticles supported on montmorillonite have the problem that although it is possible to hydrogenate an alkyne compound, it is difficult to obtain a cis-alkene compound with high selectivity. That is, it was not possible to effectively suppress the formation of the transalkene compound or the formation of an alken compound due to excessive hydrogenation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to provide a hydrogenation promoter and a hydrogenation catalyst that can promote a hydrogenation reaction at a very high speed with a small amount. Also, the present invention provides a method for producing an alkene compound using these hydrogenation accelerators and hydrogenation catalysts, and in particular, a method for producing a cis alkene compound from an alkyne compound at high speed and high selectivity.
- One of the purposes is to provide
- the present inventors have disclosed in JP-A-2003-33686 a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a divalent palladium complex having diphosphine as a ligand, and a base such as tert-butoxy potassium. After that, we conducted intensive studies with the aim of developing a more efficient homogeneous palladium catalyst. The hydrogenation reaction was proceeded at a very high speed, and even a very small amount of catalyst can be used. In addition to finding new and superior hydrogenation catalysts, they have also newly found a hydrogenation promoter which has the function of accelerating hydrogenation by itself as well as constituting the hydrogenation catalyst, and completed the present invention. The present inventors have also elucidated that the hydrogenation accelerator of the present invention is palladium nanoparticles.
- the hydrogenation accelerator of the present invention may comprise, in an organic solvent, an alkyne compound or an alkene compound and one or more palladium compounds selected from the group consisting of the palladium compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) or a large amount thereof It is obtained by reacting the body with a base.
- L is a monodentate or polydentate ligand excluding a phosphorus-containing ligand.
- X is an anionic group
- j is a value determined according to the valence of X such that ⁇ is monovalent in its entirety
- k is an integer of 0 to 4
- m is a value determined according to the valence of X so that X m has a total of 14 valences
- n is an integer from 4 to 6
- p is X such that X p has a total of-6 valences Is determined according to the valence of
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention was found to be palladium nanoparticles.
- These palladium nanoparticles have an alkyne compound or an alkene compound as an aggregation protective agent for preventing the particles from aggregating.
- the average value of the crystal diameter of the palladium nanoparticles determined from the half width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction measurement is 0.5 to 5 nm.
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention is produced through the following reaction process. That is, when a compound having a low reducing power is used as a base, a reducing agent is generated by reacting an organic solvent with a base, and the reducing agent is used to form a palladium represented by any of the general formulas (1) to (4).
- one or more palladium compounds selected from the compound group or a multimer thereof were reduced to produce palladium nanoparticles.
- DMF is used as the organic solvent and t-BuOK is used as the base
- the two react first to form formic acid lime as a reducing agent in the reaction system. It is considered that the palladium compound with a valency was reduced.
- a compound having a high reducing power is used as the base
- the hydrogenation accelerator of the present invention may comprise, in an organic solvent, an alkynyl alcohol compound or an alkenyl alcohol compound, and one or more palladium compounds selected from the group of palladium compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4). It is also obtained by reacting a compound or a multimer thereof.
- a base is not essential for producing a hydrogenation accelerator.
- the hydrogenation promoter thus obtained was also found to be palladium nanoparticles.
- This palladium The nanoparticles have an alkynyl alcohol compound or an alkenyl alcohol compound as an aggregation protective agent.
- the palladium nanoparticles preferably have an average crystal diameter of 0.5 to 5 nm determined from the half width of the diffraction peak in X-ray diffraction measurement.
- an alkyne compound is used as a general term including an alkynyl alcohol compound
- an alkene compound is used as a general term including an alkenyl alcohol compound
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention when used in combination with a base and Z or a reducing agent, acts as a hydrogenation catalyst for promoting a partial hydrogenation reaction of an alkyne compound to an alkene compound. Compared to conventionally known hydrogenation catalysts, the hydrogenation reaction can proceed at a very high speed with a small amount.
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention promotes these hydrogenation reactions even when used alone.However, the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention is used as a hydrogenation catalyst by combining the hydrogenation promoter with a base and Z or a reducing agent. It is preferable to use it.
- an internal alkyne compound when used as a reaction substrate, a transargen compound is generated by an isomerization reaction or an alkane compound is generated by an excess hydrogenation reaction, so that the cis alkene compound is highly selectively formed.
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention is used as a hydrogenation catalyst in combination with a base and Z or a reducing agent, the hydrogenation reaction of the internal alkyne compound to the cis alkene compound is difficult to obtain. Highly selective progress.
- an external alkyne compound when used as a reaction substrate, an alkyne compound is easily generated by an excessive hydrogenation reaction, whereas the hydrogenation accelerator of the present invention is combined with a base and / or a reducing agent.
- the hydrogenation reaction of the external alkyne compound to the alkene compound proceeds with high selectivity.
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention (that is, the alkyne compound or alkyne compound A hydrogenation catalyst may be used by combining a palladium nanoparticle having a saponified compound as an aggregation-protecting agent) with a base and / or a reducing agent, but a known palladium nanoparticle synthesized by a known method instead of the hydrogenation accelerator of the present invention may be used.
- the particles may be used as a hydrogenation catalyst.
- a method for synthesizing palladium nanoparticles by reacting a divalent palladium compound with a reducing agent is described in known literature such as J. Am. Chem. So, vol. 127 (7), pp. 215-2135 (2005). ing.
- the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention when used as a hydrogenation catalyst or as a component of a hydrogenation catalyst, has a turn-over one-number (TON) of 100,000 or more in the hydrogenation reaction of 4-year-old cutin. Or the turnover frequency (TOF) at the time of completion of the hydrogenation reaction is preferably 100 sec-11 or more.
- TON is the number of times one molecule of the catalyst acts on the substrate in the catalyst reaction, and is an index indicating the life efficiency of the catalyst. This property, with a TON of more than 1,000,000, can be said to be a long service life that cannot be achieved with conventionally known hydrogenation catalysts.
- TOF is the frequency at which one molecule of catalyst acts on a substrate per second, and is an index indicating the speed performance of the catalyst.
- the property that T ⁇ F is 100 sec- 1 or more can be said to be a high catalytic activity not found in conventionally known crystallization catalysts.
- the aggregation protective agent for palladium nanoparticles is an alkyne compound or an alkene compound.
- Their ability to coordinate to metal palladium is weaker than other flocculants, especially alkene compounds.
- this alkyne compound not only covers the surface of the palladium nanoparticle, but also partially reacts with palladium to cause cyclization or polymerization.
- Alkene compounds, some of which are palladium It is thought that it covers with the compound.
- the substrate alkyne / quine compound is present in a large amount, so that the substrate alkyne is immediately coordinated with the palladium nanoparticles, hydrogenated and desorbed as argen, It is assumed that the palladium nanoparticles become highly active again. From such a mechanism, it is considered that the palladium nanoparticles serving as the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention exhibit high activity and high speed catalytic performance as compared with conventional palladium nanoparticles.
- the organic solvent that can be used for the reaction for producing the hydrogenation promoter any of a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent can be used, but a polar solvent is preferable.
- the polar solvent include amide solvents, ether solvents, alcohol solvents, sulfur-containing solvents, and mixtures thereof.
- the solvent is preferably a solvent that reacts with the base to generate a reducing agent, and for example, an amide solvent is preferable.
- the amide solvents include N-methylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methylacetamide, and N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). Of these, DMF or DMA is preferred.
- Examples of the ether solvent include tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane and the like.
- the alcohol solvent include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol and the like.
- Examples of the sulfur-containing solvent include dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
- Examples of the mixed solvent include a mixed solvent of an amide solvent and an alcohol solvent. The amount of the solvent to be used is not particularly limited, and is about 1 to 100 liters per 1 mol of palladium, but is preferably 10 to 100 liters.
- Alkyne compounds and alkene compounds usable for the formation reaction of hydrogenation promoters As the compound, an alkyne compound is preferable, and among them, an internal alkyne compound is particularly preferable. Further, in consideration of dissolving them in an organic solvent, they are preferably liquid at room temperature. When an alkene compound and an external alkyne compound are used, the reaction may not proceed well.
- alkyne compounds include 2-butyne, 2-pentyne, 2-hexyne, 3-hexyne, 2-heptin, 3-heptin, 2-octin, 3-year-old cutin, 4-octyne, diisopropylacetylene, 2 —Nonine, 3-Nonine, 4-Nonine, 5-Nonine, 2_Desine, 3-Desine, 4 ⁇ Desine, 5-Desine, Di-tert-Butylacetylene, Diphenylacetylene, Dibenzylacetylene, Methyl-iso-Propylacetylene, Methyl-tert-butylacetylene, ethyl-iso-propylacetylene, ethyl-tert-butylacetylene, n_propyl-1-iso-propylacetylene, n-propyl-1-tert-butylacetylene, phenylmethylacet
- a palladium compound represented by any of the general formulas (1) to (4) or a polymer thereof is used.
- the ligand L in these general formulas both a monodentate ligand and a polydentate ligand can be used.
- ligand L is not limited to phosphorus-containing compounds, but also to all compounds having heteroatoms, as well as Amines such as ammonia, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, N, N, N,, N, tetramethylethylenediamine; nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile; N, N— Amides such as dimethylpho J-remamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide are exemplified.
- Amines such as ammonia, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, N, N, N,, N, tetramethylethylenediamine
- nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile
- N, N— Amides such as dimethylpho J-remamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide are exemplified.
- Anion groups X for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, sulfur, N0 2, N0 3, CN , OH, S 0 4, S 2 ⁇ 3, ⁇ cetyl acetone, Tautau Ariru group, propionate group, Examples include a carboxyl group and a CF 3 C ⁇ group.
- Examples of the divalent palladium compound represented by the general formula (1) include a divalent neutral compound having no ligand L and a divalent neutral compound having a ligand L Is mentioned.
- a bivalent neutral compound having no ligand L It is preferable to use a bivalent neutral compound having no ligand L.
- the divalent palladium compound represented by the general formula (2) for example, [P d C 1 4] 2 - (2 NH 4) 2 +, [P d (S 2 0 3) 4 ] 2 - ( 2 K) 2+ , [P d Cl 4 ] 2- (2 K) 2+ , [P d Br 4 ] 2- (2 K) 2 + , [P d CN 4 ] 2 — (2 K) 2 +, CP d (N0 2 ) 4 ] 2 - (2 K) 2 + , and [P d C 1 4] 2 - (2N a) 2 + 2 -valent Jianionikku compound such as and the like.
- Examples of the divalent palladium compound represented by the general formula (3) include, for example, [P d (NH 3 ) J 2+ (2 CH 3 COO) 2- , [P d (NH 3 ) 4 ] 2+ ( 2 C 1) 2, [P d (NH 3) 4] 2+ (2 B r) 2 - , CP d (NH 3) 4 ] - 2 + (2 N0 3) 2 -, CP d (NH 3) 4] 2+ (P d C 1 4) 2 -, [P d (dmf) 4] 2+ (2 C 1) 2 - , [P d (dm f) 4] 2+ (2 BF 4) 2 - , [P d (dm 4] 2+ (2 C 1 0 4) 2 -, CP d (dm f) 4] 2+ (2 PF 6) 2 _, [P d (dm f) 4] 2 + ( 2 I 3 ) 2- , (P d (dm f) 4
- [P d (CH 3 CN) 4 ] 2+ (2 BF 4 ) 2 — is prepared by using palladium sponge and NO BF can be obtained by reaction of 4 (Or ganometallics vol.20, p2697 ( 2001)) 0 also the ligands L of the palladium compound, it is also possible to replace the higher coordination strength ligands, [P d (C ⁇ 3 CN) 4 ] as an example 2+ (2 BF 4) 2 one to [P d (dm f) 4] 2 + (2 BF 4) can be a 2 one synthesized (Inorg. Chem., Vol. 30, pi 112 (199 1)).
- Examples of the base that can be used in the reaction for generating the hydrogenation promoter include, for example, inorganic bases such as metal alkoxides, metal aryloxides, hydroxides, alkyl metal compounds, aryl metal compounds, and ammonia. , Imine, amide, amide, amide and the like. Further, a basic reducing agent can also be used. Also, a mixture of these can be used.
- inorganic bases such as metal alkoxides, metal aryloxides, hydroxides, alkyl metal compounds, aryl metal compounds, and ammonia. , Imine, amide, amide, amide and the like.
- a basic reducing agent can also be used. Also, a mixture of these can be used.
- alkali metal alkoxides and alkali metal aryloxides are preferable, and compounds having high basic potassium as the alkali metal are more preferable.
- CH 3 OK :, t-Bu ⁇ K, t—AmOK :, ( CH 3 CH 2 ) 3 COK, Ph OK and the like are more preferred.
- these bases react with an organic solvent to generate a compound having a reducing property, and this compound may react with a palladium compound to give palladium nanoparticles.
- the reducing agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a borohydride compound, a borane compound, a metal hydride, an organic lithium compound, an alcohol, an aldehyde, a formic acid compound, hydrogen, and a mixture thereof.
- the amount of the base and the reducing agent used is not particularly limited, and it is a standard to use an equivalent equivalent to the valence of the palladium compound to be used.However, when a divalent palladium compound is used, for example, palladium 1 It is preferable to use 0.5 to 50 equivalents, more preferably 1 to 10 equivalents, and still more preferably 1.5 to 2.5 equivalents per mole. If the excess is added, aggregation of the produced palladium nanoparticles occurs. There is.
- alkynyl alcohol compound or an alkenyl alcohol compound When an alkynyl alcohol compound or an alkenyl alcohol compound is used as the alkyne compound or the alkene compound in the reaction for preparing the hydrogenation accelerator of the present invention, these alkynyl alcohol compounds or alkenyl alcohol compounds also serve as a reducing agent. A hydrogenation accelerator can be obtained without using a reducing agent.
- the generation reaction of the hydrogenation accelerator is preferably performed in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen gas not containing oxygen.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 10 to 100 ° C, more preferably from 10 to 40X.
- the reaction time is also not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 72 hours, more preferably 3 to 10 hours.
- an organic solvent is added to a reaction vessel under an inert gas atmosphere, an alkyne compound or an alkene compound is added, and then a palladium compound selected from a group of palladium compounds represented by general formulas (1) to (4) is added. While adding and stirring one or more kinds of palladium compounds or multimers thereof, the base is gradually added and the mixture is further stirred. As the reaction proceeds, the color tone of the reaction solution gradually changes to a dark brown color, and this change in color makes it possible to ensure the generation of the hydrogenation accelerator.
- the hydrogenation catalyst of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned hydrogenation accelerator itself, one or more palladium compounds selected from the palladium compound group consisting of the general formulas (1) to (4), or a polymer thereof, and a base; One containing ⁇ or a reducing agent, one containing the above-mentioned hydrogenation accelerator and a base and a third or reducing agent, or one containing palladium nanoparticles and a borohydride compound. If the hydrogenation promoter itself is used as a hydrogenation catalyst, the hydrogenation reaction of an alkyne compound to an argen compound can proceed at a very high speed with a very small amount, but an internal alkyne compound is used as a reaction substrate.
- a catalyst containing a radium compound or a polymer thereof and a base and / or a reducing agent is used as a hydrogenation catalyst
- the hydrogenation reaction of an alkyne compound to an alkene compound can proceed at a relatively high speed, and the internal alkyne is used as a substrate.
- the hydrogenation reaction to the cis alkene compound is advanced with high selectivity.
- palladium nanoparticles are generated in the reaction system, and this serves as a hydrogenation accelerator to progress the hydrogenation reaction.
- a catalyst containing the above-mentioned hydrogenation accelerator and a base and / or a reducing agent, or a catalyst containing palladium nanoparticles and a borohydride compound is subjected to a hydrogenation catalyst, the amount of hydrogen in the alkyne compound to the alkene compound can be reduced in a small amount.
- the reaction can proceed at a very high speed, and when an internal alkyne compound is used as a substrate, the hydrogenation reaction to the cis-alkene compound can proceed with high selectivity.
- palladium nanoparticles and particles to be used those prepared by a known method can also be used.However, palladium nanoparticles having the hydrogenation promoter of the present invention, that is, an alkyne compound or an alkene compound as an aggregation protective agent, should be used. Thus, a higher performance hydrogenation catalyst can be obtained.
- the hydrogenation catalyst containing the above-mentioned hydrogenation promoter and a base and / or a reducing agent can be obtained by mixing the above-mentioned hydrogenation promoter with a base and / or a reducing agent.
- a base and / or a reducing agent may be directly added to and mixed with the above-mentioned hydrogenation accelerator (reaction liquid), or the above-mentioned hydrogenation accelerator and a base and / or a reducing agent may be added to these. May be added to a soluble solvent and mixed.
- the hydrogenation catalyst may be prepared by previously mixing the hydrogenation promoter with a base and ⁇ or a reducing agent, or the hydrogenation promoter and the base may be added to the reaction system during the hydrogenation reaction. And hydrogen or a reducing agent may be charged and mixed to prepare a hydrogenated catalyst.
- the role of the base and the reducing agent here is mainly that in the case of partial hydrogenation of the internal alkyne compound, the cis-algen once formed interacts with the palladium catalyst again and isomerizes or is excessively hydrogenated. It is to suppress that.
- the effect of suppressing these side reactions is often higher with a reducing agent than with a base, and when a reducing agent is used, cis alkenes with high purity tend to be obtained. Therefore, if the structure of the alkyne compound (substrate) that undergoes partial hydrogenation does not contain a substituent that directly reacts with reduction ⁇ 1, it is preferable to add a reducing agent.
- the substrate When the substrate 'contains a substituent such as a carbonyl group, the reducing agent is not directly added because the substrate directly reacts with the reducing agent, and it is preferable to add a base.
- various types of bases or reducing agents may be used, and bases and reducing agents may be used together.
- hydrogenation catalyst is used here, whether the hydrogenation promoter reacts with the base and Z or the reducing agent to form an active species different from the hydrogenation promoter, or whether the hydrogenation promoter and the base and Z Or, it is not clear at this time whether the reducing agents do not react and act individually, but in any case, it has been demonstrated that the problem of the present invention can be solved. I do.
- Examples of usable bases for the hydrogenation catalyst formation reaction include, for example, inorganic bases such as metal alkoxides, metal aryloxides, hydroxides, alkyl metal compounds, aryl metal compounds, and ammonia. Amine, imine, amide, imide and the like. Also, a mixture of these can be used.
- CH 3 ⁇ K, CH 3 CH 2 OK, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OK, i-PrO, t-Bu OK, t-Am OK :, (CH 3 CH 2 ) 3 C ⁇ K, P h OK, CH 3 ON a, CH 3 CH 2 ON a, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 ON a, Pr ON a, t-Bu ON a, t-AmON a, (CH 3 CH 2 ) 3 CON a, P h ON a, CH 3 OL i, CH 3 CH 2 OL i, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OL i, i-Pr OL i, u-BuOL i, t-AmOL i, ( CH 3 CH 2) 3 COL i , P hOL i, KOH, N aOH, L i OH, C a (OH) 2, M g (OH) 2, K 2 C 0 3 , Me Li, n—BuLi, t—BuLi, NH 3
- alkali metal alkoxides and alkali metal aryloxides are preferred, and bases in which the alkali metal is lithium and sodium are more preferred.
- CH 3 ONa, t—BuONa, t—AmONa , (CH 3 CH 2 ) 3 CON a, P hON a, CH 3 OL i, t-Bu OL i, t—Am OL i, (CH 3 CH 2 ) 3 COL i, and P hOL i are more preferred.
- the amount of the base used depends on the type of the substrate and the base, as well as the impurities contained in the substrate, so that an appropriate amount may be set each time.However, 0.001 to 10 equivalents of the substrate is used. And at least one equivalent to the catalyst.
- the substrate may contain impurities such as acid f production, ketones, or peroxides.If these impurities are removed by purifying the substrate, the amount of base added Can be reduced.
- Reducing agent usable in the production reaction of the hydrogenation catalyst for example, Porohidori de compound, Pollan compound, and a metal hydride, in particular L i BH 4, N a BH 4, ⁇ 4, Me 4 NBH 4, B u 4 NB H 4 , C a (BH 4) 2, L i E t 3 BH, diborane, Jimechiruamin one Pollan complex, Pirijinpo run complex, L i H, N a H , KH, L i A 1 H 4 , hydrogenated diisobutyl aluminum, Red_A1, and the like.
- a metal hydride in particular L i BH 4, N a BH 4, ⁇ 4, Me 4 NBH 4, B u 4 NB H 4 , C a (BH 4) 2, L i E t 3 BH, diborane, Jimechiruamin one Pollan complex, Pirijinpo run complex, L i H, N a H , KH, L i A 1 H
- Porohidori de compound L i BH 4, N a BH 4, KBH 4, B u 4 NBH 4, Me 4 NBH 4 is particularly preferred.
- the substrate may contain acidic components, ketones, peroxides, etc. as impurities.If these impurities are removed by the purification operation of the substrate, reduce the amount of reducing agent added. be able to.
- the process for producing an alkene compound according to the present invention is carried out by partially hydrogenating an alkyne compound as a reaction substrate in the presence of hydrogen or a compound donating hydrogen in a reaction solvent using the above-mentioned hydrogenation catalyst.
- the hydrogenation catalyst one or two or more palladium compounds selected from the group of palladium compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) or a polymer thereof, and a base and Z or a reducing agent
- the alkyne compound is an internal alkyne compound or a cis-algen compound
- the cis-algen compound can be obtained in a highly selective manner.
- the hydrogenation reaction of the alkyne compound is performed after the hydrogenation catalyst is pretreated with hydrogen gas, the hydrogenation reaction may proceed at a higher speed.
- this pretreatment operation causes hydrogenation of the aggregation protective agent covering the palladium nanoparticles, causing the nanoparticles to slightly aggregate and increase the particle size.
- hydrogenation of external alkyne When performing a reaction, this pretreatment operation may be effective.
- the time for pretreatment with hydrogen gas is not particularly limited, but may be set, for example, in the range of 10 to 60 minutes.
- the amount of the hydrogenation catalyst used in the process for producing the alkene compound of the present invention varies depending on the reaction vessel and economical efficiency, but the SZC (substrate / catalyst) with the alkyne compound as a reaction substrate is 10 to 100,000. , 0 ⁇ 0, and is preferably used in the range of 500 to 50,000. Note that, in this specification, in calculating S / C, “c” is a parameter included in the catalyst. It was defined as the amount of radium.
- any suitable solvent such as a protic solvent, an aprotic solvent, a coordinating solvent or a mixed solvent thereof can be used.
- protic solvents include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-pro / II.
- alcohol solvents such as ethanol, 1-butanol, 'tert-butyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol, and water, or a mixed solvent thereof.
- aprotic f raw solvents examples include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, n-hexane and cyclohexane; styrene chloride, chloroform, dichloroethane and the like.
- Halogen-containing hydrocarbon solvents examples include ether solvents such as getyl ether, diisopropyl ether, stil-tert-butyl ether, and THF; and mixed solvents thereof.
- the coordinating solvent include organic solvents containing a hetero atom such as acetonitrile, DMA, DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone, and DMSO, or mixed solvents thereof. Of these, ether solvents, DMF, DMA, and alcohol solvents are preferred, and TMF, DMF, and DMA are more preferred.
- the pressure of the hydrogen and the pressure of 1 atm or less are sufficient because the present catalyst system is extremely active.However, considering economics and safety, 1 to 5
- the pressure is preferably in the range of 0 atm. 3 to: L
- the range of 0 atm is more preferable.
- the reaction temperature in the process for producing the alkene compound of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 15 ° C to 100 ° C, and preferably 20 ° C to 40 ° C.
- the reaction time varies depending on the type of hydrogenation catalyst used, szc, type of reaction substrate, concentration, solvent, temperature, pressure and other reaction conditions. ⁇ ⁇ The reaction time should be 1 minute to 1 hour for easy implementation. To S / C It is desirable to set etc.
- the alkyne compound to which the method for producing an alkene compound of the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those already exemplified as alkyne conjugates that can be used for producing a hydrogenation accelerator. .
- alkyne compounds sometimes contain acidic components, ketones, peroxides, metals and ions as impurities. Since these impurities need to inhibit the hydrogenation reaction or lower the cis selectivity, it is preferable to subject the alkyne-conjugated product to a purification process to remove the impurities and then subject the alkyne-conjugated product to the hydrogenation reaction. Also, large amounts of inorganic salts may inhibit the hydrogenation reaction. In order to remove acidic components from the alkyne compound, a method of washing with an alkyne compound is effective.
- the alkali compound examples include an alkali metal compound such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or an aqueous solution thereof, ammonium 7 ⁇ , dimethylamine aqueous solution, and getylamine aqueous solution.
- the alkyne compound is solid at ordinary temperature: the acidic component can be efficiently removed by diluting with a solvent and then washing with an aqueous U solution. If the alkyne compound is liquid at room temperature, it is not necessary to use a solvent. When the alkyne compound is mixed with water, the alkyne compound is preferably used as it is, not as an aqueous solution.
- alkyne compound After the alkyne compound is treated with alkali, it is more effective to carry out purification operations such as recrystallization and distillation after washing with water to remove alkali components. In order to remove ketones and peroxides from alkyne compounds, it is effective to treat them with a reducing agent to render them harmless.
- reducing agents L i BH 4, N a BH 4, KB H 4, Me 4 NBH 4, B u 4 NBH 4, C a (BH 4) 2, L i E t 3 BH, L i H, N a H, KH, L i A 1 H 4, Suisoi ⁇ Jiisopuchiru aluminum, and the like R ed _ A 1.
- Alkyne compound at room temperature In the case where the compound is a solid, the compound is diluted with a solvent inert to the reducing agent, and then the reducing agent is added and the mixture is stirred, whereby ketones and the like can be efficiently detoxified. If the alkyne compound is liquid at room temperature, it is not necessary to use a solvent. It is more effective to treat the alkyne compound with a reducing agent, then wash with water to remove the reducing agent, and perform purification operations such as recrystallization and distillation. When the alkyne compound is subjected to the hydrogenation reaction without impurities such as acid-ketone without purification, the amount of the base and / or reducing agent constituting the hydrogenation catalyst may be increased.
- the hydrogenation reaction can proceed with high selectivity. Since the amount of the base and / or reducing agent to be increased differs depending on the type and amount of the impurities, it is necessary to determine the amount by appropriately studying. Further, when a small amount of an acidic component, a ketone, a peroxide, or the like is mixed in the solvent used for the hydrogenation reaction, it is preferable to perform purification or to appropriately increase the amount of a base or a reducing agent added. .
- additives include, for example, NH 3, M e 3 N , Me 2 NH, Me NH 2, E t 3 N, E t 2 NH, E t NH 2, (n - P r) 3 N, (n - P r) 2 NH , n_P r NH 2, (i - P r) 2 NH, i one P r NH 2, n one dibutylamine, n- butylamine, tert- Buchirua Min, quinoline, pyridine, picoline, Aniline, DBU, DAB CO, N, N, N,, N, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N, N'-dimethylethylenediamine, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, N, N-dimethylamino Nitrogen-containing compounds such as ethanol; alcohols such as ethylene glycol,
- the hydrogenation catalyst of the present invention promotes alkyne hydrogenation at a very high rate, it is difficult to capture the true active species.
- a hydrogenation catalyst a combination of one or more A ° radium compounds or multimers thereof selected from the group of palladium compounds represented by the general formulas (1) to (4) with a base and Z or a reducing agent is used. In the case of using them, it is presumed that all give the same active species, and since they have excellent performance properties, any of the problems to be solved by the present invention can be solved.
- the reactions in the following examples were performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as an argon gas or a nitrogen gas.
- the solvent used for the reaction was dried and degassed.
- the substrate was washed with a 1% aqueous sodium carbonate solution to remove acidic components, and then purified by distillation.
- the conversion of the alkyne compound to the alkene compound and the selectivity of the internal alkyne compound to the cis alkene compound were measured by gas chromatography (GC).
- the GC unit uses GC-17A (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and the column uses a 0.2-mm inner diameter, 100-m long ram with one-shot ram CP _ Sil PONA CB (manufactured by VRI AN). At 65 (constant temperature).
- the X-ray diffractometer used was RINT 2100 U 1 tima + / PC (Rigaku). It was.
- the novel hydrogenation promoter obtained by reacting KO t B 11 as 4- Okuchin and base as P d C 1 2 and alkynes in DMF was synthesized as follows. That is, the 2 0 m 1 Schlenk-type reaction tube equipped with a stir bar, P d C 1 2 as a palladium compound (3 2: mg, 0. 1 8 3 mmo 1) were weighed, DMF under an argon atmosphere (1 8.3 ml) and 4-octyne (0.268 ml, 1.83 mmo1) were stirred calorie. -Add KO t Bu (4 1. Omg, 0.366 mm o 1, 2.0 equivalents to Pd) and stir, then the reaction starts and the color of the solution at night becomes dark brown.
- the obtained hydrogenation accelerator (1) was subjected to X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the average value of the crystal diameter was calculated to be 1.6 nm from the half width of the diffraction peak.
- the hydrogenation accelerator of Example 1 was identified as palladium nanoparticles having an average crystal diameter of 1.6 nm. Table 1 shows the results of Example 1.
- Table 1 shows the results of Examples 2 to 17 and A to G.
- Examples 2 to 17, A to G are synthesis examples of a hydrogenation accelerator prepared using various palladium compounds, various bases or reducing agents, and various alkyne compounds. The reaction conditions were the same as in Example 1. However, in Example 5, the base was changed to Pd. 8 equivalents were used.
- the obtained hydrogenation accelerators are herein referred to as hydrogenation accelerators (2) to (17) and (A) to (G). '
- the crystal diameter was calculated from the half width of the diffraction peak of X-ray diffraction.
- Example 18 A novel hydrogenation promoter obtained by reacting Pd (OAc) 2 with 2-butyne-1,4-diol in DMF without using a base or reducing agent is synthesized as follows. did. That is, Pd (OAc) 2 (42. Oig, 0.187 mmo 1) as a palladium compound and 2-butyne-1, 4 as an alkyne were placed in a 20 m 1 Schlenk-type reaction tube equipped with a stirrer. One diol (0.161 g, 1.87 mmo 1) was weighed out, and DMF (18.7 ml) was added and stirred under an argon atmosphere. The reaction started and the color of the solution turned dark brown. After stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, a DMF solution containing the desired hydrogenation promoting moiety II (48) was obtained. The results of Example 18 are shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 shows the results of Examples H to K.
- Examples HK are examples of the synthesis of hydrogenation promoters prepared using various alkynyl alcohols. The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 18. The obtained hydrogenation accelerators are referred to as hydrogenation accelerators (H) to (K) in this specification.
- the crystal diameter was calculated from the half width of the diffraction peak of X-ray diffraction.
- Table 3 shows the results of Examples 20 to 23.
- Examples 20 to 23, L are synthesis examples of hydrogenation catalysts prepared using various hydrogenation promoters. The resulting hydrogenation catalysts are referred to herein as hydrogenation catalysts (2) to (5), (L). Note that the experimental procedure of the Jeongjeong example 20 to 23, L was performed in accordance with Example 19. Table 3
- By-products include trans form (trans-1-octene), regioisomer (trans-3-octene and cis-12-octene, etc.)
- Excess hydrogenated product (octane) was formed.
- Table 4 shows the results of the examples. The selectivity described in Table 4 indicates the ratio of the alkane (cis-form, trans-isomer and regioisomer) and the cis-form in the sum of the alkanes. This point is the same in Table 5 and thereafter.
- Table 4 shows the results of Examples 25 to 42.
- Examples 25 to 42 are examples in which various hydrogenation promoters were used to prepare a hydrogenation catalyst in the system during the hydrogenation reaction to hydrogenate 4-octyne. Note that the experimental procedures in these examples were performed in accordance with Example 24.
- the selectivity was extremely improved as compared with Example 25 in which the reducing group j was not added, indicating that the reducing agent plays an important role.
- SZC 20000 This is an example of the reaction.
- Example 26 with SZC of 2000 it was found that there was no significant difference in the reaction during the reaction as compared with Example 24 with S / C of 1000.
- Na BH 4 was used as the reducing agent.
- Comparison of Example 26 with Example 26 with Example 27 using KBH 4 as a reducing agent suggested that various compounds could be used as the borohydride compound.
- Example 28 From the results of Example 28 used, it was suggested that the base had a slightly lower effect of increasing the selectivity than the reducing agent.From the results of Example 29 where neither the base nor the reducing agent was used, hydrogen I spoon reaction alone hydrogenation promoter suggested that selectivity of those traveling in a high speed can not be sufficiently obtained Sareko. N a 2 P d C 1 4 hydrogenating promoter were prepared as source of palladium (2) From the results of Example 30 using a hydrogenation accelerator prepared using a divalent dianionic palladium compound. To have a good performance when using a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a group was suggested.
- Example 3 2 using from 34 results, it etc. can be used P d C 1 2 other various divalent neutral palladized compound as a palladium source for the preparation of a hydrogenation promoter was suggested.
- Example 33 using hydrogenation accelerator (5) prepared using KO t Am as a base and Example 32 using hydrogenation accelerator (4) prepared using K ⁇ tBu as a base Comparison with the above suggests that a wide variety of metal alkoxides can be used to prepare the hydrogenation accelerator. From the results of Examples 35 to 39 using the hydrogenation accelerators (7) to (11) prepared using various alkyne compounds, it was found that the alkyne compounds used in preparing the hydrogenation accelerators Talent Kuching It was suggested that other internal alkynes could be used equally.
- Table 5 shows the results of Examples 43-47, MX. These examples are all examples of hydrogenation reactions of 4-year-old cutin. Except for Example N, examples of hydrogenation reactions using hydrogenation accelerator prepared using Pd (OAc) 2 as a palladium source It is. Among them, Examples 44 and 45, M and U to X are hydrogenation reaction examples using a hydrogenation accelerator prepared by adding an alkynyl alcohol without using a base, and Example 46 shows P d ( OAc) an intact hydrogenation reaction example using 2, example 47 is a hydrogenation reaction examples using the hydrogenating accelerator (1 7) prepared by adding salt 3 ⁇ 4 and alkynyl alcohol. The operation of the water vaporization reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24.
- Example 43 From a comparison of Example 43, Example 44 and Example 47, the hydrogenation promoter (4) prepared by the reaction of Pd (OAc) 2 with an alkyne and a base, Pd ( ⁇ Ac) Hydrogenation accelerator (18) prepared by the reaction of alkynyl alcohol with 2 (without base) and hydrogenation accelerator (17) prepared by the reaction of Pd (OAc) 2 with alkynyl alcohol (with base) ) was suggested to have almost the same performance.
- Example 44 and Example 45 it was found that a hydrogenation catalyst containing a hydrogenation accelerator and a reducing agent was used. However, the selectivity was better than when the hydrogenation promoter was used directly as the hydrogenation catalyst.
- Example 46 the use of a hydrogenation catalyst containing a hydrogenation promoter and a reducing agent makes it possible to use a divalent neutral palladium compound and a reducing agent. It was found that the hydrogenation reaction was accelerated as compared to the case using a hydrogenation catalyst containing hydrogen. From the results of Examples Q to T, it was shown that various f-conjugates can be used as a reducing agent for preparing a hydrogenation accelerator.
- Example 44, 45, M, 1! The results of X show that various compounds can be used as alkynyl alcohol for preparing the hydrogenation promoter.
- Table 6 shows the results of Examples 26, 28, P, 48 to 53, and AA.
- Examples 48 to 53, A A are Examples 19 to 23, L hydrogenation catalysts (1) to
- Table 7 shows the results of Examples 28, 54 to 61.
- Examples 54 to 61 are reaction examples in which 4-octyne was hydrogenated using a hydrogenation catalyst containing a divalent palladium compound and a base or a reducing agent. The operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these Examples was performed in accordance with Example 24. Table 7
- Examples 54 to 58 show examples in which the divalent palladium conjugate is a dicationic complex.
- a comparison between Examples 54 to 58 and Example 28 showed that [P d (dmf) 4 ] 2+ (2 BF 4 ) 2 had performance equivalent to that of hydrogenation promoting ij (1) .
- Examples 59 to 61 show examples in which the divalent palladium compound is a divalent neutral palladium compound. From the comparison between Examples 59 to 61 and Example 28, the hydrogenation catalyst containing the neutral divalent palladium compound and the base sufficiently promotes the hydrogenation reaction of the alkyne compound, and also has cis selectivity. It turned out to be high enough.
- Examples 62 to 66 are reaction examples in which 4-octyne was hydrogenated using a hydrogenation catalyst containing palladium (II) chloride and a base.
- the reaction substrate was 4-octin and SZC was 100. The operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these examples was carried out. Performed according to Example 24.
- Examples 63, 64, and 66 are examples in which a host compound was added as an additive in an amount of 100 equivalents to Pd. A comparison between Examples 63 and 64 and Example 62 and a comparison between Examples 65 and 66 showed that the addition of the host compound tended to improve the selectivity.
- Table 9 shows the results of Examples 26 to 29, 67 to 70.
- Examples 67 to 70 are examples of fluorinating 41-year-old cutin under various reaction conditions. The replacement of the hydrogenation reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24. Table 9
- Eq represents the equivalent to Pd.
- the type of base or reducing agent and the solvent used were hydrogenation performance. The effect on the was investigated. From these comparisons, when the base or the reducing agent is used in the hydrogenation reaction (Example 29), the conversion ratio and the cis selectivity are both higher when the base or the reducing agent is used. Very high numerical power S obtained. In the hydrogenation reaction, the use of a reducing agent rather than a base tended to give better cis selectivity.
- Example 10 shows the results of Examples 71 to 79.
- Examples 71 to 79 are examples of hydrogenation reactions of various reaction substrates.
- the hydrogenation promoter used was hydrogenation promoter (1), and a hydrogenation catalyst was prepared in the system by adding a reducing agent during the hydrogenation reaction.
- the operation of the fluorination reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24.
- the reaction substrate used was one from which acidic substances, ketones, etc. were removed by a purification operation using a base and Bu 4 NBH 4. A typical purification method is shown in Example 80. [Example 80]
- 4-octyne containing 0.45% of acetylene ketone as an impurity was purified as follows. First, 40 ml (273 mmol) of 4-year-old Kuchin was placed in a bunshun funnel and washed with 1% Na 2 CO 3 aqueous solution (10 times 1 x 5 times) to neutralize acidic components. did. Washed with water, subjected to saturated N a C l Washing and dried with anhydrous N a 2 S 0 4 of 1. 5 g. The treated 4-octin was transferred to a 100 ml eggplant flask, and 1.40 g (5.46 mmo 1) of Bii 4 NBH 4 was added thereto, followed by stirring.
- B u 4 NB 4 is against the 4 one year old cutin. Ru solubility is low, the B u 4 NBH 4 be stirred although suspension remained white powder, the change in heat generation and color in a few minutes is observed, The reaction between acetylene ketone and Bu 4 NBH 4 starts. After stirring and holding at 50 ° C for 1 hour, a reaction product of acetylene ketone and Bu 4 NBH 4 is obtained as a viscous substance. 4 to separate the one year old cutin and viscous body, 4- Okuchin again to B u 4 N BH 4 a 1. 40 g (5. 4 6 mmo 1) In addition 50 ° C, held for 1 hour with stirring.
- Examples 7I to 77 are examples of hydrogenation of internal alkynes
- Examples 78 and 79 are examples of hydrogenation of external alkynes. It was shown that internal alkyne and external alkyne were efficiently hydrogenated to alkene compounds.
- the results of Examples 74 to 77 show that hydrogenation proceeds favorably even with a substrate having a TMS group, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen as a substituent, indicating that the application range of the hydrogenation catalyst of the present invention is wide.
- the results of Example 73 show that even with the hydrogenation of a substrate having a relatively bulky group such as a phenyl group at both ends of the triple bond, sialken can be obtained with high efficiency.
- Example 74 it is possible to set the SZC to be lower even though the activity is slightly lower even for a substrate having a very bulky substituent such as a trimethylsil group at both ends of the triple bond. It was shown that the hydrogenation reaction proceeded. Examples 7 8 and 7 The results of 9 showed that the hydrogenation reaction from a compound having a triple bond at a terminal to a compound having a double bond at a terminal proceeds with high yield and high scale.
- Table 11 shows the results of Examples AB to AI, AJ to P, and AQ to AV. These examples are examples of the hydrogenation reaction of internal alkynes with various hydrogenation promoters.
- Examples AB to AI 4-year-old cutin was used as a reaction substrate, and in Examples AJ to AP, 1— Example 1 For AQ-AV, diphenylacetylene was used as a reaction substrate.
- the operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24.
- Comparative Examples A, B, and C are examples of a hydrogenation reaction using a Linda monocatalyst, and 41-year-old cutin, 1-phenyl-2-butyne, and diphenylacetylene were used as reaction substrates, respectively. In these comparative examples, the addition of quinoline without adding B u 4 NBH 4. The operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24.
- Table 12 shows the results of Examples BA to BG and BH to: BN. These examples are also examples of the hydrogenation reaction of an external alkyne with various hydrogenation promoters. In Examples BA to BG, 11-pentyne was used as a reaction substrate, and in Examples BH to BN, phenylene was used as a reaction substrate. Enyl acetylene was used. The operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24. Comparative Examples D and E are examples of a hydrogenation reaction using a Lindlar catalyst, and in each case, 11-pentyne and phenylacetylene were used as reaction substrates. In the comparative example of these was added quinoline without adding B u 4 NBH 4. Table 11
- Comparative Examples A to E show that the hydrogenation promoter and the hydrogenation catalyst according to the present invention have excellent activity and selectivity as compared with the conventional catalyst system, Lindlar catalyst.
- Lindlar catalyst was done.
- hydrogenation of a sterically bulky reaction substrate, such as diphenylacetylene, is difficult with a Lindlar catalyst.
- ⁇ With the catalyst system described in this patent, the hydrogenation reaction proceeds efficiently.
- Example 82 is an example in which a hydrogenation reaction was carried out after pretreating a hydrogen gas catalyst with hydrogen gas.
- the hydrogenation accelerator used was hydrogenation accelerator (1), and a hydrogenation catalyst was prepared by adding a reducing agent during the hydrogenation reaction.
- the operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these Examples was performed according to Example 24. Table 13
- Table 14 shows the results of Examples 67, 48, 83 to 85 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- Examples 83 to 85 are examples in which 4-octyne was hydrogenated under high SZC conditions. The operation of the hydrogenation reaction in these examples was performed in the same manner as in Example 24.
- Examples 6 7, 48, and 83 to 85 all have extremely high activities compared with Comparative Example 1 using a Lind 1 ar catalyst and Comparative Example 2 using a Caubere catalyst, and have cis selectivity and TON. Was also surpassed.
- Industrial potential
- the present invention can be mainly used in the chemical industry, for example, when producing various cis-algens used as intermediates of pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals.
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JP2007100117A (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-19 | Kanto Chem Co Inc | 金属ナノ粒子、それを含む触媒及びアルキン化合物の水素化方法 |
JP2010523542A (ja) * | 2007-04-03 | 2010-07-15 | イノヴアロマ ソシエテ アノニム | Ru錯体を用いたソルボールの1,4−水素添加 |
JP2016141644A (ja) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-08 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 有機シラン化合物の製造方法及び有機シラン化合物合成用触媒組成物 |
WO2020195252A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ハロゲン化シクロアルカン化合物の製造方法 |
US11987550B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2024-05-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method for preparing crosslinker compound |
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JPH09313936A (ja) * | 1996-05-29 | 1997-12-09 | Nissan Gaadoraa Shokubai Kk | ▲c4▼留分中のジオレフィン類及びアセチレン類の選択水添触媒製造法 |
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JP2007100117A (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-19 | Kanto Chem Co Inc | 金属ナノ粒子、それを含む触媒及びアルキン化合物の水素化方法 |
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JP2016141644A (ja) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-08-08 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 有機シラン化合物の製造方法及び有機シラン化合物合成用触媒組成物 |
US11987550B2 (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2024-05-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method for preparing crosslinker compound |
WO2020195252A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ハロゲン化シクロアルカン化合物の製造方法 |
JP2020164505A (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ハロゲン化シクロアルカン化合物の製造方法 |
JP7206501B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 | 2023-01-18 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ハロゲン化シクロアルカン化合物の製造方法 |
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