WO2005091485A1 - インバータ装置 - Google Patents
インバータ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005091485A1 WO2005091485A1 PCT/JP2005/004622 JP2005004622W WO2005091485A1 WO 2005091485 A1 WO2005091485 A1 WO 2005091485A1 JP 2005004622 W JP2005004622 W JP 2005004622W WO 2005091485 A1 WO2005091485 A1 WO 2005091485A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inverter
- unit
- power
- output terminal
- inverter device
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
- Y10S323/906—Solar cell systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inverter device, and in particular, to a grid-connected operation mode in which DC power of a DC power supply such as a solar cell, a storage battery, and a generator is converted into AC power and output, and is connected to a commercial power system. Also, the present invention relates to an inverter device having two independent operation modes in which an independent operation is performed independently of a commercial power system.
- the inverter device converts the DC power of a DC power supply such as a solar battery, a storage battery, and a generator into AC power, and converts the converted AC power to each household electrical appliance (home use). (Internal load). If the power output from the inverter is less than the power consumed by the domestic load, the power shortage will flow from the commercial power system and purchased from the power company. On the other hand, if the power output from the inverter exceeds the power consumed by the household load, the power can be reversed and flown back to the commercial power system to be sold to the power company. As described above, the operation mode of the inverter device that supplies power to the load in connection with the commercial power system is referred to as a “system connection operation mode”.
- the commercial power system when the commercial power system is to be used as an emergency power source or when it is desired to use the power device as an independent power source due to a failure of the commercial power system due to a power failure or the like, the commercial power system may be used. In some cases, only the power output from the inverter device can be supplied to some load (independent load) connected to a dedicated outlet.
- the operation mode of the inverter that supplies power to the load independently of the commercial power system in this way is referred to as “independent operation mode”.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a distributed power supply system using a conventional inverter device.
- the inverter device 102 includes a converter 103, an inverter 104, a finoletor 105, a protection relay 106, an interconnection relay 107, a control unit 108, and an independent relay 116.
- the control unit 108 is also controlled by an external signal such as the remote control 109.
- DC power from solar cell array 101 is boosted by converter 103.
- the boosted DC power is converted into AC power in inverter 104.
- the converted AC power is used to smooth harmonic components in the filter 105.
- the AC power converted in inverter device 102 is connected to commercial power system 114 and supplied to a domestic load (not shown).
- the self-supporting relay 116 is in a non-conductive state, and the protection relay 106 and the interconnection relay 107 are in a conductive state.
- the inverter device 102 In the independent operation mode, when one of the protection relay 106 and the interconnection relay 107 is turned off and the independent relay 116 is turned on, the inverter device 102 It is disconnected from the commercial power system 114. Therefore, the AC power converted in the inverter device 102 is supplied to the dedicated independent load connecting extension outlet 110 power independent load.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-9-135577
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-238464
- the AC power output from the inverter 104 is switched between the grid-connected operation mode and the self-sustained operation mode in the conduction Z non-conduction state.
- the system relay 107 and the independent relay 116 were provided in parallel. For this reason, it was difficult and compact to reduce the size of the inverter device 102 main body.
- an output terminal power converter device 102 is provided on the main body surface of an inverter device 102 for outputting AC power converted by an inverter 104 in a self-sustaining operation mode. I was For this reason, when it is desired to use the inverter device 102 away from the inverter device 102, there is an inconvenience that the dedicated extension stand 110 for connecting the independent load must be connected.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and in an inverter device that performs an interconnected operation by inserting an output plug into a household outlet, the output plug and the independent operation It is an object of the present invention to provide an inverter device that can use the load connection outlet of the present invention with a simple configuration.
- An inverter device is an inverter device having two modes, a system interconnection operation mode interconnected with a commercial power system or an independent operation mode independent of the commercial power system and performing an independent operation.
- An inverter for converting DC power received from the DC power supply into AC power a control unit for controlling the operation of the inverter device, and a grid-connected output terminal for outputting the AC power converted by the inverter.
- a self-sustaining operation output terminal for outputting AC power is provided on the path of the power supply line that connects the inverter section and the grid-connected output terminal.
- the grid connection output terminal is a plug that can be connected to a commercial outlet that is supplied with commercial power from the commercial power system.
- the output terminal for independent operation is an outlet to which a load for supplying AC power can be connected.
- control apparatus further includes a switch unit provided between the self-sustaining operation output terminal on the path of the power supply line and the system interconnection output terminal, and the control unit is configured to terminate the system interconnection operation mode. And the switch section is turned off.
- control device further includes an operation unit capable of transmitting a signal for instructing start of operation of the inverter unit to the control unit, wherein the control unit receives a signal from the operation unit in the independent operation mode.
- the switch when the switch is in a non-conductive state, the inverter can be operated.
- a current detection unit for detecting whether or not a current is flowing is further provided between the inverter unit on the path of the power supply line and the output terminal for independent operation, and the control unit includes a switch unit.
- the control unit includes a switch unit.
- the apparatus further includes a case in which the system interconnection output terminal and the self-sustained operation output terminal are integrally provided, and the case includes a plug accommodating portion capable of accommodating the system interconnection output terminal.
- control device further includes an operation unit capable of transmitting a signal for instructing start of operation of the inverter unit to the control unit, and the plug storage unit has a system interconnection output terminal stored in the plug storage unit.
- the control unit has a plug storage detection unit that detects whether or not the power has been applied to the unit. When it is detected that the inverter unit has been stored, the inverter unit can be operated.
- a current detection unit for detecting whether or not a current is flowing is further provided between the inverter unit on the path of the power supply line and the output terminal for independent operation, and the control unit includes When the power detection unit detects that the grid-connected output terminal has been stored in the plug storage unit, the inverter unit is operated for a predetermined period, and the current detection unit detects that current is flowing during the predetermined period. When the operation is performed, the operation of the inverter unit is continued.
- the power supply line in which the system interconnection output terminal and the self-sustained operation output terminal are provided is common, so that the configuration is simplified and the size of the inverter device main body can be reduced.
- the output terminal for independent operation is an outlet to which a load can be connected, so that usability can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a distributed power supply system using an inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration in which a current detector is provided in the inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration in which a current detector is provided in the inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is an external view of a plug storage module provided in an inverter device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged view of a plug storage module provided in the inverter device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a distributed power system using a conventional inverter device.
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a distributed power supply system using an inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the inverter device 2 has two modes: a grid-connected operation mode in which the inverter apparatus 2 is connected to the commercial power system 14 and a self-sustained operation mode in which the commercial power system 14 is operated independently.
- inverter device 2 in the first embodiment includes a converter 3, an inverter 4, a filter 5, a protection relay 6, an interconnection relay 7, a control unit 8, A load connection outlet 10 and a plug 11 are provided.
- the converter 3, the inverter 4, the filter 5, the protection relay 6, and the controller 8 are referred to as a power converter 2a.
- Converter 3 is a DC-DC converter, and boosts DC power output from solar cell array 1 as a DC power supply.
- Converter 3 is controlled so that the DC voltage is always equal to or higher than the peak value of the system voltage because the system voltage fluctuates. For example, home cons Assuming that the system voltage of the unit 13 is 100V, the peak value is about 141V. In this case, converter 3 is controlled to have an output voltage of 150 V or more.
- a power boosting chopper or the like using a DC-DC converter as the boosting device may be used.
- the booster such as the converter 3 may be omitted.
- Inverter 4 converts the DC power boosted by converter 3 into AC power by pulse width modulation control.
- the inverter 4 has four switching elements connected in full bridge, and each switching element has a diode connected in anti-parallel.
- the inverter 4 is not limited to such a configuration, and may have another configuration.
- the filter 5 smoothes a high-frequency pulse generated by the switching operation in the inverter 4 to generate a sine-wave current.
- the filter 5 includes a rear turtle and a condenser.
- the protection relay 6 is provided in series between the filter 5 and the load connection outlet 10 on the path of the power supply line.
- the protection relay 6 is set to the conductive Z non-conductive state by the protection cooperative control by the control unit 8 described later. If the protection relay 6 is conducting while the inverter 4 is operating, the inverter device 2 outputs AC power. On the other hand, even when the inverter 4 is operating, if the protection relay 6 is non-conductive, the output of the AC power from the inverter device 2 is stopped.
- the interconnection relay 7 is provided in series between the load connection outlet 10 and the plug 11 on the path of the power supply line.
- the control unit 8 sets the connection relay 7 to the conduction Z non-conduction state depending on whether or not the system interconnection operation mode is set. In the grid interconnection operation mode, the interconnection relay 7 is turned on. On the other hand, in the self-sustained operation mode, the interconnection relay 7 is turned off.
- the control unit 8 provides a drive circuit for driving the switching elements of the converter 3 and the inverter 4 (for example, IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), MOS-FET (Metal uxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)). It controls the gate pulse width signal, monitors the input voltage, input current, output current, and system voltage, and controls the protection relay 6 and interconnection relay 7.
- the current control method is used in the grid connection operation mode, and the voltage control method is used in the independent operation mode. To do.
- the current control method refers to performing feedback control of the output current so that the output current of the inverter device 2 becomes a target current value.
- the voltage control method refers to performing feedback control so that the output voltage of the inverter device 2 matches the voltage reference value.
- control unit 8 performs protection cooperative control of the inverter device 2 against system abnormalities such as prevention of islanding operation, system voltage rise Z decrease, system frequency rise Z decrease, and the like.
- the islanding operation means that even when a power failure occurs on the commercial power system 14 side, the power failure is not detected and the inverter device 2 is continuously operated in the system interconnection operation mode.
- the control unit 8 further transmits and receives various signals from the remote control 9 to manage and control the inverter device 2.
- the remote controller 9 is an operation unit that can transmit a signal to the control unit 8 from outside the inverter device 2 when operated by a user. For example, it is possible to select the operation Z stop of the inverter device 2, the switching of the system interconnection operation mode Z the self-sustained operation mode, and the like.
- the signal selected by the user's operation is transmitted to the control unit 8, and the control unit 8 controls the inverter device 2 according to the content indicated by the received signal.
- the operation unit that can be operated by the user is not limited to the externally provided one such as the remote control 9, but may be the one provided in the inverter device 2.
- the load connection outlet 10 is provided on the path of the power supply line and between the power conversion unit 2a and the interconnection relay 7, and is an outlet to which a load can be directly connected.
- the load connection outlet 10 is an independent operation output terminal for supplying power to the load only with the AC power converted by the power conversion unit 2a without being connected to the commercial power system 14.
- the load connected to the load connection outlet 10 in this manner is called an independent load.
- Plug 11 is a plug that can be connected to household outlet 13 to which commercial power from commercial power system 14 is supplied.
- the plug 11 is a system interconnection output terminal for supplying power to a domestic load and Z or the commercial power system 14 via the plug 11.
- the domestic load is a general representation of each electric appliance in the household, and the distributed power source configured by the solar cell array 1 and the inverter device 2 also operates by receiving AC power. Household loads are also supplied with AC power from the commercial power system 14 when the power consumption exceeds the distributed power supply.
- the protection relay 6 and the interconnection relay 7 are turned on. With such control, the AC power converted by the power conversion unit 2a is output from the plug 11.
- AC power is also output from the load connection outlet 10.
- AC power output from the plug 11 is supplied to a domestic load (not shown) and a commercial power system 14 via a household outlet 13.
- control unit 8 When ending the system interconnection operation mode, control unit 8 sets interconnection relay 7 to a non-conductive state. By doing so, it is possible to safely switch to independent operation. Further, it is possible to prevent electric shock due to the user or the like touching the plug 11.
- the protection relay 6 is turned on, and the interconnection relay 7 is turned off.
- the inverter device 2 is disconnected from the commercial power system 14. Therefore, the AC power converted by the power conversion unit 2a is not output from the plug 11, but is output from the load connection outlet 10.
- the AC power output from the load connection outlet 10 is supplied to a self-supporting load (not shown) connected to the load connection outlet 10.
- control unit 8 Even if the user operates the remote controller 9 to receive a signal to start the self-sustained operation mode, the control unit 8 does not detect that the interconnection relay 7 is in a non-conducting state. Do not start AC power output.
- the system will not be synchronized with the actual system voltage waveform even if the power outage due to the fault is restored, which may cause the inverter device 2 to fail.
- the system since the above-described control is performed, such a failure of the inverter device 2 can be prevented.
- the plug 11 may include a voltage detection unit using, for example, a transformer or an isolation amplifier.
- a voltage detection unit using, for example, a transformer or an isolation amplifier.
- the control unit 8 makes the interconnection relay 7 conductive if the system voltage is normal, and makes the interconnection relay 7 non-conductive if the system voltage is abnormal. By doing so, it is possible to safely switch between the grid interconnection mode and the independent operation mode.
- the user may operate the remote controller 9 to control the interconnection relay 7. For example, if the user selects stop of the grid interconnection operation mode, the interconnection relay 7 is turned off, and if the start of the grid interconnection operation mode is selected, the interconnection relay 7 is turned on. .
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration in which a current detector is provided in the inverter device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a current detection unit 21 is provided between filter 5 and protection relay 6.
- the current detection unit 21 uses, for example, a shunt resistor or the like.
- the current detection unit 21 detects the output current of the AC power converted by the inverter 4 and output via the filter 5.
- the output current detected by the current detector 21 is monitored by the controller 8.
- the control unit 8 sets the interconnection relay 7 to a non-conductive state as described above. Thereafter, the control unit 8 operates the inverter 4 for a short time (for example, 1 second). If the independent load 22 is connected to the load connection outlet 10, a small amount of current is detected by the current detection unit 21. Therefore, when the current is detected by the current detection unit 21, the independent load 22 is connected. The operation of the inverter 4 is continued as it is. When the current is not detected by the current detection unit 21 and the power is applied, it is known that the self-supporting load 22 is not connected, and the operation of the inverter 4 is stopped. With this configuration, even if the commercial power system 14 fails due to any failure, the inverter 4 is automatically operated, so that power can be supplied to the self-supporting load 22 immediately. .
- plug 11 and load connection outlet 10 are provided in parallel on a common power supply line, so that the configuration of inverter device 2 is simplified.
- the interconnection relay 7 has a configuration that also serves as the interconnection relay 107 and the self-supporting relay 116. Therefore, the number of relays can be reduced, and cost can be reduced.
- the output terminal for supplying power to the independent load is the load connection outlet 10 to which the load can be directly connected, so that the usability can be improved. Also, since the load connection outlet 10 is provided on the path of the power supply line that connects the power conversion unit 2a and the plug 11, the extension outlet may not need to be used in some cases, which may improve the usability. it can.
- FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration of a distributed power system using an inverter device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- load connection outlet 10 and plug 11 are integrated into a plug storage module 12 capable of storing plug 11.
- the output relay 15 controls the output of the inverter device 2 by being made conductive Z and non-conductive. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the plug storage module 12 will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 4A and 4B.
- FIG. 4A is an external view of a plug storage module 12 provided in inverter device 2 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 4B is a partially enlarged view of a portion indicated by 30 in FIG. 4A.
- housing 20 of plug storage module 12 has load connection outlet 10 on its surface.
- the plug 11 is configured to be housed in the plug housing portion 33 of the housing 20 by rotating.
- plug rotation shafts 31 provided at both ends of plug 11 rotate plug 11 by sliding groove 32. In this way, the plug 11 can be stored in the plug storage section 33.
- Reference numeral 34 in FIG. 4B indicates a panel.
- a plug storage detection switch 35 for detecting that the plug 11 is stored in the plug storage section 33 is provided at the back of the plug storage section 33.
- the plug storage detection switch 35 is turned ON when the plug 11 is completely stored.
- the control unit 8 permits the independent operation mode.
- a current detection unit may be provided between filter 5 and protection relay 6.
- the control unit 8 operates the inverter 4 only for a short time (for example, one second) when the plug storage detection switch 35 detects that the plug 11 is stored in the plug storage unit 33. If a self-supporting load is connected to the load connection outlet 10, a small amount of current is detected by the current detection unit 21. Therefore, when the current is detected by the current detection unit 21 after the grid interconnection operation is stopped, the operation of the inverter 4 is continued as it is because the fact that the autonomous load is connected helps. When the current is not detected by the current detection unit 21 and the power is applied, it is determined that the self-supporting load is not connected, and the operation of the inverter 4 is stopped. With this configuration, it is possible to automatically supply power to the independent load.
- the load connection outlet 10 and the plug 11 are integrated, the handling can be facilitated.
- the plug 11 is stored in the plug storage section 33. Is not in the way.
- the plug storage module 12 is configured as shown in Figs. 4A and 4B. Any configuration is possible as long as the plug 11 can be folded and stored.
- the configuration for detecting that the plug 11 has been detected is not limited to this, as long as it can detect that the plug 11 has been stored, such as the force S using the plug storage detection switch 35 and a sensor.
- the configuration of the power inverter described in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in FIGS.
- the DC power supply is described as a solar cell, but the invention is not limited to the solar cell, and a DC power supply may be a fuel cell or the like.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05720876.1A EP1746713A4 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-03-16 | INVERTER SYSTEM |
US10/594,120 US7706164B2 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-03-16 | Inverter device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004087453A JP4160919B2 (ja) | 2004-03-24 | 2004-03-24 | インバータ装置 |
JP2004-087453 | 2004-03-24 |
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WO2005091485A1 true WO2005091485A1 (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
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PCT/JP2005/004622 WO2005091485A1 (ja) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-03-16 | インバータ装置 |
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US (1) | US7706164B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1746713A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4160919B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005091485A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4160919B2 (ja) | 2008-10-08 |
EP1746713A4 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
US20070177338A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
US7706164B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
EP1746713A1 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
JP2005278297A (ja) | 2005-10-06 |
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