WO2005083493A1 - 照明光源及びそれを用いた2次元画像表示装置 - Google Patents
照明光源及びそれを用いた2次元画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005083493A1 WO2005083493A1 PCT/JP2005/002991 JP2005002991W WO2005083493A1 WO 2005083493 A1 WO2005083493 A1 WO 2005083493A1 JP 2005002991 W JP2005002991 W JP 2005002991W WO 2005083493 A1 WO2005083493 A1 WO 2005083493A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light source
- scanning
- optical system
- illumination light
- mirror
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
- G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
- G02B26/101—Scanning systems with both horizontal and vertical deflecting means, e.g. raster or XY scanners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a video projector using a two-dimensional spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal panel and a DMD.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic configuration of a conventional laser display, which is described in detail in Non-Patent Document 1, for example.
- the light from the RGB three-color laser light sources 100a-c is multiplexed by dichroic mirrors 102a and 102b, and then horizontally (X direction) by a polygon scanner 104 and vertically (Y direction) by a galvano scanner 105. Scanned and illuminated on screen 108. At this time, an image is displayed on the screen 108 by performing intensity modulation by the optical modulators 106a to 106c according to the input image signal. For example, to display a moving picture equivalent to an NTSC video signal, about 500 horizontal scanning lines are displayed at 30 frames per second, and the number of horizontal scanning lines is 15,000 per second.
- the polygon scanner 104 This is realized by, for example, making the polygon scanner 104 a 30-sided body and rotating it at 30,000 rpm.
- the galvanomirror 105 oscillates vertically 30 times per second.
- This bandwidth is realized by an optical modulator using an acousto-optic effect or an optical modulator using an electro-optic effect.
- the feature of the display having this configuration is that, since the light of each of the RGB light sources is monochromatic light, the use of a laser light source of an appropriate wavelength makes it possible to display a vivid image with high color purity. It is. For example, a krypton ion laser with a wavelength of 647.1 nm is used as a red light source, a helium cadmium laser with a wavelength of 441.6 nm is used as a blue light source, and a second harmonic of a neodymium-doped YAG laser with a wavelength of 532 nm is used as a green light source. This makes it possible to display each bright single color.
- a krypton ion laser with a wavelength of 647.1 nm is used as a red light source
- a helium cadmium laser with a wavelength of 441.6 nm is used as a blue light source
- the 30-sided polygon scanner 104 is set to 30,000 rp.
- the device needs to be rotated at m, which increases the size of the device and increases noise.
- the incident beam to the polygon scanner 104 is located on the boundary of the reflecting surface, the reflected beam splits in two directions, so that it is impossible to display an image, and the incident beam enters one of the reflecting surfaces. Image display is possible only when For this reason, in order to obtain sufficient light use efficiency, the reflection surface of the polygon scanner 104 needs to be sufficiently larger than the diameter of the incident beam. Therefore, a constant area must be ensured even when the number of reflecting surfaces of the polygon scanner 104 increases, and the size of the polygon scanner 104 increases.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Baker et ai, A large screen real-time display technology, Proc. Society for Information Display 6th Nat'l Symp., 85-101 (1965).
- the present invention solves such a problem, and in addition to being compact and highly silent, provides an illumination light source capable of uniformly illuminating a screen or the like, and a two-dimensional image using the same. It is intended to provide a display device.
- an illumination light source includes a coherent light source, a beam scanning unit that scans light from the coherent light source, and a scanning angle of a beam scanned by the beam scanning unit.
- the beam scanning means comprises a mirror section and a mirror section oscillating means, and the mirror section is controlled by the mirror section oscillating means to have a primary resonance frequency of the mirror section. It is characterized by being driven in the vicinity.
- the light of the coherent light source power can be projected onto a predetermined wall or the like functioning as a screen.
- the light is caused to run on the screen by the beam scanning means.
- This beam scanning means may be configured to scan light one-dimensionally or may be configured to scan light two-dimensionally.
- an image can be displayed on, for example, a two-dimensional screen by externally providing a mechanism that performs scanning in a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction.
- the scanning angle at which the mirror scans the light changes sinusoidally with respect to time, so that a brightness distribution occurs in an image on a screen or the like.
- the scanning angle is small! / Near the center of the screen, the scanning speed is high, so the locus of light is dark, and the scanning angle is large. Near the edge of the screen, the scanning speed is slow, so the locus of light is bright. Become.
- the correction optical system performs the correction such that the scanning speed becomes slower in a region where the scanning angle is small, and the scanning speed becomes faster in a region where the scanning angle is large.
- an illumination light source capable of uniformly illuminating a screen or the like can be realized in addition to being compact and quiet.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a two-dimensional image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a time change of a beam scanning angle by a beam scanning unit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change over time in a scanning angle and a scanning speed when a cylindrical lens is used as a correction optical system.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a two-dimensional image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a two-dimensional image display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional two-dimensional image display device
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a two-dimensional image display device according to the present invention.
- the light from the laser light source 1 whose intensity has been modulated by the light intensity modulating means 10 according to the input video signal irradiates the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3.
- the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3 is made from a silicon crystal with a thickness of about 10 microns. This is a movable mirror that is held at a position where the bottom substrate force is lifted by etching technology.
- the central mirror section 31 is connected to the mirror holding section 32 by beams from above and below.
- the mirror holding section 32 is supported by beams from the left and right directions. Under the central mirror section 31, electrodes divided into right and left are formed on the bottom substrate.
- the electrostatic force of the central mirror section 31 causes the central mirror section 31 to generate a voltage. Is tilted around the direction in which the beam twists, that is, about the left and right rotation axes.
- the mirror holding portion 32 On the bottom substrate corresponding to the mirror holding portion 32, vertically divided electrodes are formed, and by applying a voltage between the mirror holding portion 32 and the electrode on the bottom substrate, the mirror force is generated by the electrostatic force.
- the holding portion 32 is inclined about the direction in which the beam twists, that is, about the vertical rotation axis.
- the tilt of the central mirror can be freely set in the two-dimensional direction. Since the size of the central mirror part 31 is as small as about lmm square and the rotational moment is small, the primary resonance frequency in the torsion direction can be increased by designing the thickness and width of the beam part, and the center of the horizontal rotation axis is A high primary resonance frequency can be easily obtained.
- the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3 has a function as a beam scanning unit. That is, the central mirror section 31 has a function as a mirror section, and the mirror holding section 32 and the electrode on the bottom substrate have a function as a mirror section vibrating means.
- the center mirror part 31 is 1 mm square
- the beam width is 50 microns
- the beam length is 200 microns
- the primary resonance frequency is about 15 kHz
- the scanning frequency required for displaying video signals was obtained.
- the resonance frequency in the Y direction was 4 kHz.
- the scanning frequency in the Y direction for displaying video signals was 30 times per second, which was more than 100 times the resonance frequency.
- FIG. 2 shows the change over time in the scanning angle.
- the scanning angle changes sinusoidally, the scanning speed is almost constant when the scanning angle is small, and the scanning speed decreases as the scanning angle increases. For this reason, when a beam of constant brightness is scanned in a sinusoidal shape in a one-dimensional direction, the trajectory of the beam at a place where the scanning angle is small is In a dark place where the scanning angle is large, there is a problem that the trajectory of the beam becomes bright.
- the two-dimensional image display device of the present invention uses a beam scanning angle correction optical system.
- the beam reflected by the MEMS mirror is made incident on a cylindrical lens 2 (an embodiment of a correction optical system) 2 having a concave shape.
- the curvature of the cylindrical lens 2 is small in the vicinity of the center, that is, in the peripheral portion where the beam is large when the beam scanning angle is small, that is, in the portion where the beam passes when the beam scanning angle is large.
- the cylindrical lens 2 has third-order spherical aberration. Therefore, when the beam passes through the peripheral portion of the cylindrical lens 2, the scanning angle increases more rapidly, and the brightness distribution due to the difference in the scanning speed can be suppressed.
- FIG. 2 shows the change over time of the scanning angle with the use of the cylindrical lens 2 by a broken line.
- the scanning angle is wider than when the cylindrical lens 2 is not used, and the linear range 12 after correction is wider than the linear range 11 (before correction).
- the scanning speed which is the amount obtained by differentiating the scanning angle with time, belongs to a certain range for a longer time, the brightness distribution on the screen can be reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change over time in a scanning angle and a scanning speed when a cylindrical lens is used as a correction optical system.
- curves VI and V2 represent the time change of the scanning speed before and after using the cylindrical lens 2, respectively.
- Curves A1 and A2 represent time changes of the scanning angle before and after using the cylindrical lens 2, respectively.
- the scanning angle and the scanning speed on the vertical axis are standardized on the basis of the maximum scanning angle and the maximum scanning speed, respectively.
- the time on the abscissa represents half the time of the resonance cycle, and the time of the quarter cycle is defined as 1.
- the scanning angle at the point where the scanning angle is 0 (zero) (time is 0 (zero)) is the largest.
- the running speed decreases as the size increases.
- the scanning speed at the point where the scanning angle is zero becomes small, and changes to take a minimum value at that point.
- the width is wider in the time axis (horizontal axis) direction than when the cylindrical lens 2 is not used (curve VI). This means that the time during which the scanning speed belongs to a certain range becomes longer, and as shown in Fig. 2, the linear range becomes wider by using the cylindrical lens 2. And corresponds to.
- This effect is also due to the fact that the cylindrical lens 2 is a condensing optical system having third-order spherical aberration. As a result, the ratio of the time during which the scanning speed belongs to a certain range to the operation time increases, so that the brightness distribution on the screen can be suppressed to a small value.
- the cylindrical lens 2 when the cylindrical lens 2 is set such that the scanning speed at the point where the scanning angle is zero is reduced to 90% of the maximum value of the scanning speed, the scanning speed becomes Is small. Since the brightness on the screen corresponds well to the reciprocal of the scanning speed, the range where the brightness distribution is smaller than a predetermined value, for example, 25% (the scanning speed in the figure is between 0.75 and 1.0) Account for more than 70% of the total operating time. And it is preferable to block the remaining 30% of the light so that it does not reach the screen.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the light shielding means according to the present invention.
- the light reflected by the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3 passes through the cylindrical lens 2.
- the transmitted light irradiates a predetermined area on the screen 9 (an irradiation area before shielding).
- the edge of the pre-shielding irradiation area is illuminated brightly because the scanning speed of light is slower than that near the center, and a large brightness distribution occurs when the whole screen is viewed.
- the light shielding means 20 for shielding the light irradiating the end of the irradiation area before shielding.
- the configuration is such that the cylindrical lens 2 is disposed in close contact with the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3 side. This is because, for example, a metal or other material (carbon black, etc.) may be placed in close contact with the cylindrical lens 2 by force, or those materials may be deposited on the surface of the cylindrical lens 2 by vapor deposition and sputtering. It may be formed directly on top.
- the light shielding means 20 may be a metal or other material (such as carbon black) that is not required to be disposed in close contact with the cylindrical lens 2, between the cylindrical lens 2 and the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3, or It is also possible to arrange between the cylindrical lens 2 and the screen 9. In any case, since the light shielding means 20 effectively shields the light irradiating the end of the pre-shielding irradiation area, an illumination light source with a small brightness distribution on the screen and high light use efficiency can be realized. Although only the scanning in the X direction has been described above, the same applies to the scanning in the Y direction, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the light shielding means 20 can be used alone in the X direction or the Y direction, or can be used simultaneously in the X direction and the Y direction.
- Such correction of the brightness distribution can also be performed by, for example, changing the light emission amount of the light source depending on the scanning position, that is, reducing the light emission amount of the light source while scanning the peripheral portion.
- changing the light emission amount of the light source depending on the scanning position that is, reducing the light emission amount of the light source while scanning the peripheral portion.
- a light source with a higher output is required to display an image having the same brightness.
- the two-dimensional image display device of the present invention is more effective when a second harmonic generator is used as a light source.
- second harmonic generators often use solid-state lasers as their fundamental light source.
- a 532 nm green laser also generates a YAG solid-state laser power.
- a power generated by wavelength conversion of 1064 nm infrared light.YAG solid-state lasers cannot modulate their output at high speed, so depending on the scanning position as described above.
- the brightness distribution cannot be suppressed by controlling the light emission amount of the light source.
- the two-dimensional image display device according to the present invention can make the amount of light emitted from the light source constant, so that it works effectively even when a light source that cannot be modulated at high speed is used.
- a full-color two-dimensional image display can be performed by using a configuration in which light beams having a plurality of laser light source powers are combined and then beam scanning is performed.
- the device is configured.
- FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the correction optical system used in the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows an optical configuration of the optical system of FIG. 1 in a direction corresponding to the X direction.
- a free-form surface mirror (an embodiment of a correction optical system) 5 is used as the scanning angle correction optical system.
- the free-form surface mirror 5 has a concave shape at its central portion, that is, a region with a small beam scanning angle, and has a convex shape at its peripheral portion, that is, a region with a large beam scanning angle.
- the scanning angle increases more rapidly, and the above-described scanning speed increases. The lightness distribution due to the difference in the degrees can be suppressed.
- the light shielding means described above.
- a metal or another material such as carbon black
- the light shielding means 20 arranges the plate made of the above material at a position where the optical path between the free-form surface mirror 5 and the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3 or between the free-form surface mirror 5 and the screen 9 is not blocked. It is also possible.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which a two-dimensional image display device is configured by combining the illumination light source and the projection optical system of the present invention.
- the light from the laser light source 1 is two-dimensionally scanned and intensity-modulated, and an image is formed directly on the screen.
- the laser light source 1 emits light with a constant light amount
- the spatial light modulator 6 is illuminated by using the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3 and the scanning angle correction optical system 4.
- the spatial light modulator 6 for example, a liquid crystal panel in which a large number of optical switches using TN liquid crystal elements are two-dimensionally arranged is used.
- the spatial light modulator 6 is illuminated with a uniform brightness distribution, and a two-dimensional image formed by passing through the spatial light modulator 6 is projected on a screen 9 by a projection lens (projection optical system) 8.
- a coherent light source having an appropriate wavelength is used as a light source for each of the power RGB described as reflecting light from one laser light source 1 by the two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3. It is also possible to project a color image (see FIG. 7). At this time, the light from the RGB three-color coherent light source is intensity-modulated by an optical modulator according to an input video signal, and then combined by a dichroic mirror. Then, the combined one light beam is incident on one two-dimensional MEMS mirror 3, and is vibrated in two-dimensional directions. Thereby, an illumination light source capable of projecting a vivid color image with high color purity can be realized.
- the illumination light source according to the present invention is scanned by the coherent light source, the beam scanning unit that scans the light from the coherent light source, and the beam scanning unit.
- At least a correction optical system for correcting a beam scanning angle wherein the beam scanning means comprises a mirror section and a mirror section vibrating section, and the mirror section is a primary section of the mirror section by the mirror section vibrating section. It is preferable to be driven near the resonance frequency.
- the light of the coherent light source power can be projected onto a predetermined wall or the like functioning as a screen. At this time, the light travels on the screen by the beam scanning means.
- This beam scanning means may be configured to scan light one-dimensionally or may be configured to scan light two-dimensionally. In the case of a configuration in which scanning is performed one-dimensionally, an image can be displayed on, for example, a two-dimensional screen by externally providing a mechanism that performs scanning in a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction.
- the scanning angle at which the mirror scans the light changes in a sinusoidal manner with respect to time, so that a brightness distribution occurs in an image on a screen or the like.
- the scanning angle is small! / Near the center of the screen, the scanning speed is high, so the locus of light is dark, and the scanning angle is large. Near the edge of the screen, the scanning speed is slow, so the locus of light is bright.
- the correction optical system performs the correction so that the scanning speed becomes slower in a region where the scanning angle is small, and the scanning speed becomes faster in a region where the scanning angle is large.
- an illumination light source capable of uniformly illuminating a screen or the like can be realized in addition to being compact and quiet.
- the illumination light source is the illumination light source (1)
- the correction optical system is preferably composed of a condensing optical system having third-order spherical aberration.
- the correction optical system since the correction optical system has a tertiary spherical aberration, the scanning speed is reduced in a region with a small scanning angle, and the scanning speed is increased in a region with a large scanning angle. Corrections can be made. Therefore, the scanning speed of the light scanned by the mirror unit can be made substantially constant on the screen, and It is possible to uniformly illuminate clean or the like.
- third-order spherical aberration is also generated by, for example, a cylindrical lens whose cross section is a part of a circle. Therefore, the correction optical system having the above functions can be easily manufactured, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the illumination light source is the illumination light source (1) or (2), wherein a ratio of a scanning angle of the beam scanning means to a maximum scanning angle of light from the coherent light source is a predetermined ratio. It is preferable to further include a light shielding means for shielding the above light.
- the predetermined ratio may be set according to the situation.For example, light having a ratio of the scanning angle to the maximum scanning angle of 0.9 or more may be shielded, or a change in the scanning speed may be reduced. In order to suppress this, 0.8 or more light may be blocked. The smaller the value of this ratio, the narrower the projection range of the light on the screen, but it is also possible to increase the projection range by increasing the distance of the screener.
- the illumination light source is any of the illumination light sources (1) to (3), and the scanning speed of the light after passing through the correction optical system has a minimum value at a point where the scanning angle is zero. It is preferable to take
- the scanning speed at the point where the scanning angle is zero (“0”) is the largest.
- the scanning speed decreases as the scanning angle increases.
- a condensing optical system having a third-order spherical aberration or a free-form surface mirror having a surface shape represented by a fourth-order function is used as a correction optical system, a point where the scanning angle is zero is obtained.
- the scanning speed can be reduced, and the minimum value can be obtained at that point.
- the time during which the scanning speed belongs to a certain range becomes longer, so that the ratio of the time to the operation time increases, and the brightness distribution on the screen can be suppressed to a small value.
- the illumination light source is any one of the illumination light sources (1) to (4), and the scanning speed of the light after passing through the correction optical system has a scanning speed at a point where the scanning angle is zero. Is preferably 90% or less of the maximum value.
- the scanning speed at the point where the scanning angle is zero is equal to the maximum value of the scanning speed. Since the correction optical system is set so as to be reduced to 90%, the variation in the scanning speed is reduced. Since the brightness on the screen corresponds well to the reciprocal of the scanning speed, the range in which the brightness distribution becomes smaller than a predetermined value increases the proportion of the operation time. Therefore, an illumination light source having a small brightness distribution on the screen and high light use efficiency can be realized.
- the illumination light source is any of the illumination light sources (2) to (5), and the time when the light shielding means shields the light from the coherent light source is within 30% of the operation time. Preferably it is. According to this configuration, since 70% of the operation time can be used, an illumination light source with high light use efficiency can be realized. At this time, for example, if a condensing optical system having a third-order spherical aberration is used as the correction optical system, the brightness distribution on the screen can be suppressed to as small as about 25%.
- the illumination light source is the illumination light source (1), and the correction optical system preferably has a free-form surface mirror force.
- the free-form surface mirror has a concave shape at its central portion, that is, a region with a small scanning angle, and has a convex shape at its peripheral portion, that is, a region with a large scanning angle.
- the surface is a curved surface described by a quadratic function of the cross-sectional shape force formed by the light incident on the free-form surface mirror and the reflected light. With this shape, the scanning angle becomes smaller when light passes through the central portion of the free-form surface mirror, and becomes larger when light passes through the peripheral portion.
- an illumination light source capable of uniformly illuminating a screen or the like by suppressing the brightness distribution due to the difference in scanning speed can be realized. Furthermore, since a correction optical system having a cross-sectional shape described by a function of about the fourth order is easy to manufacture, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the illumination light source is any one of the illumination light sources (1) to (7), and it is preferable that the coherent light source also has the power of a red coherent light source, a green coherent light source, and a blue coherent light source. According to this configuration, since a coherent light source of an appropriate wavelength, in which the light of each of the RGB light sources is monochromatic light, is used, an illumination light source with high color purity and capable of projecting a vivid color image can be realized.
- the illumination light source is any one of the illumination light sources (1) to (8), and at least the green coherent light source converts a wavelength of a coherent light source having an infrared wavelength into green light. It is also preferred that the second harmonic generator power to generate According to this configuration, At least, a green coherent light source is a light source in which the wavelength of light from a coherent light source having an infrared wavelength is converted into a half, so that it is a monochromatic light and has high color purity and high brightness. Further, the blue coherent light source may be a second harmonic generator for generating blue light, or may be a semiconductor laser light source for emitting blue light.
- the red coherent light source is preferably composed of a semiconductor laser light source or the like that emits red light. By using these light sources, an illumination light source capable of projecting a vivid color image can be realized.
- the two-dimensional image display device provides an illumination light source according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a projection that projects the light of the illumination light source onto a screen. It is preferable to provide at least an optical system. According to this configuration, it is possible to realize a two-dimensional image display device capable of uniformly displaying an image on a screen or the like, in addition to being small and quiet.
- the two-dimensional image display device can obtain a uniform illumination light distribution with a small beam scanning means having low power consumption, and can be used for a television receiver, a projection type data display, and a home theater. It can be used for systems, movie projectors for theaters, and large-screen advertisement display media. It can also be used for manufacturing equipment that is strong in photolithography technology, such as semiconductor exposure equipment.
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US10/568,596 US7677736B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-02-24 | Illumination light source and two-dimensional image display using same |
JP2006519372A JPWO2005083493A1 (ja) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-02-24 | 照明光源及びそれを用いた2次元画像表示装置 |
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Also Published As
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US7677736B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 |
CN100412609C (zh) | 2008-08-20 |
US20060285078A1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
JPWO2005083493A1 (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
CN1820219A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
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