WO2005078154A1 - 透明導電膜の製造方法、及びタンデム型薄膜光電変換装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
透明導電膜の製造方法、及びタンデム型薄膜光電変換装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005078154A1 WO2005078154A1 PCT/JP2005/001119 JP2005001119W WO2005078154A1 WO 2005078154 A1 WO2005078154 A1 WO 2005078154A1 JP 2005001119 W JP2005001119 W JP 2005001119W WO 2005078154 A1 WO2005078154 A1 WO 2005078154A1
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- Prior art keywords
- film
- transparent conductive
- conductive film
- photoelectric conversion
- producing
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- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQOATXDBTYKMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[Zn] Chemical compound CC[Zn] JQOATXDBTYKMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- QNDQILQPPKQROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc Chemical compound [Zn]=[Zn] QNDQILQPPKQROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/407—Oxides of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/075—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PIN type, e.g. amorphous silicon PIN solar cells
- H01L31/076—Multiple junction or tandem solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1884—Manufacture of transparent electrodes, e.g. TCO, ITO
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/548—Amorphous silicon PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a transparent conductive film and a method for manufacturing a tandem-type thin-film photoelectric conversion device.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a transparent conductive film mainly composed of a zinc oxide film having a high transmittance, a low resistance and an excellent surface shape, and a method for manufacturing a tandem thin-film photoelectric conversion device including the method.
- transparent conductive films have become increasingly important as materials for various light-receiving elements such as photoelectric conversion devices represented by solar cells, and as transparent electrode materials for display elements such as liquid crystals, PDPs, and ELs.
- a transparent conductive film for a solar cell is required to have high transparency and conductivity, and to have a surface unevenness for effectively utilizing light.
- Such a transparent conductive film is made of indium oxide (In 2 O 3) doped with a small amount of tin (hereinafter, referred to as a dope, and a substance added in a small amount hereinafter), or doped with antimony or fluorine.
- Tin oxide with In 2 O 3 indium oxide
- a dope a small amount of tin
- antimony or fluorine doped with antimony or fluorine.
- ITO Indium oxide films
- Zinc oxide films also have characteristics such as high plasma resistance, high mobility and high transmittance of long-wavelength light, and are therefore suitable as transparent conductive films for solar cells. Development of a transparent conductive film containing zinc oxide as a main component as an alternative material is underway.
- a sputtering method and a CVD method are mainly used.
- the sputtering method it is relatively difficult to control the resistivity, the transmittance, and the shape of the film surface, and the production equipment is expensive, so that the production cost is high.
- the CVD method can provide a highly permeable membrane. It is easy to control the shape of the film surface immediately. Also, the production equipment is less expensive than the sputtering method.
- Patent Document 1 A method for manufacturing a zinc oxide film using such a CVD method is disclosed in Patent Document 1, and AHe, as a diluent gas used when introducing an organic zinc or an oxidizing agent into a film forming chamber, Or N is used.
- Ar and He are expensive with the technology disclosed conventionally.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-82665
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantage that the diluent gas possessed by the prior art is expensive, and furthermore, has a high permeability, a low resistance, and a permeability mainly composed of zinc oxide having an excellent surface shape.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily producing a bright conductive film with good uniformity, and a method for producing a tandem thin-film photoelectric conversion device including the production method.
- an organic zinc, a diluting gas, and an oxidizing agent are introduced into a film forming chamber, and a transparent conductive film containing zinc oxide as a main component is disposed in the film forming chamber.
- a transparent transparent conductive film can be provided.
- the organozinc has high reactivity with an oxidizing agent, which is preferably getyl zinc, the film-forming efficiency is improved.
- the oxidizing agent is preferably water and has high diffusibility and high reactivity with organic zinc, the film forming efficiency is improved.
- a compound containing a group III element is introduced into the film forming chamber, and a transparent conductive film mainly containing the zinc oxide film to which a small amount of the group III element is added is formed on the substrate. Since a transparent conductive film having a preferable low resistance can be formed, the efficiency of the thin-film photoelectric conversion device is improved.
- the compound containing a Group III element includes diborane (BH) and trimethyla.
- the transparent conductive film can be easily doped.
- a transparent insulating substrate is used as the substrate, a transparent electrode layer sequentially laminated on the transparent insulating substrate, at least one amorphous silicon-based photoelectric conversion unit, and at least one crystalline silicon-based photoelectric conversion unit.
- a method for manufacturing a tandem-type thin film photoelectric conversion device including a back electrode layer wherein it is preferable to apply the above-described method for manufacturing a transparent conductive film as a step of forming the back electrode layer.
- a transparent insulating substrate is used as the substrate, a transparent electrode layer sequentially laminated on the transparent insulating substrate, at least one amorphous silicon-based photoelectric conversion unit, and at least one crystalline silicon-based photoelectric conversion.
- an organic zinc, a diluting gas, and an oxidizing agent are introduced into a film forming chamber, and a transparent conductive film containing zinc oxide as a main component is disposed in the film forming chamber.
- a method in which hydrogen is used as the diluent gas it is possible to provide a transparent conductive film having excellent characteristics and low cost because the gas is inexpensive because of its high thermal conductivity. .
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminated structure of an example of a tandem-type thin-film photoelectric conversion device.
- the present inventors have actually tried to form a transparent conductive film using N or the like as a diluent gas as in the above-described prior art.
- these gases have a relatively low thermal conductivity, so that the soaking time until the substrate surface temperature is stabilized becomes longer, and therefore, the uniformity of the temperature distribution in the substrate at the time of formation is deteriorated.
- the in-plane uniformity of the film characteristics of the formed transparent conductive film was poor, and reached the present invention.
- an organic zinc, a diluent gas, and an oxidizing agent are introduced into a film forming chamber in which a substrate is disposed.
- the substrate is preferably heated and held in the range of 50 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably in the range of 100 ° C to 200 ° C.
- the substrate may be made of a metal, a glass plate, a plastic, or the like as a material that is good if it is not deformed or denatured to the above-described temperature.
- a transparent glass plate or plastic is preferred.
- Organic zinc refers to a divalent organometallic compound in which zinc and an organic group are bonded. Since organic zinc is generally liquid at normal temperature and pressure, it is heated and vaporized before being introduced. Alternatively, the dilution gas may be blown into the organic zinc, and the organic zinc equivalent to the vapor pressure may be introduced into the deposition chamber together with the dilution gas.
- the organic zinc compound a compound represented by R Zn (R is an organic group) is preferably used because of high reactivity with an oxidizing agent.
- the organic group includes an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group and the like.
- an alkyl group is preferred because of its high reactivity and low cost.
- a methyl group and an ethyl group are preferable in that they have versatility and raw materials can be easily procured.
- the oxidizing agent refers to oxygen itself or a compound having an oxygen atom in a molecule and reacting with an organometallic compound to form a metal oxide.
- the oxidizing agent used in the present invention includes those which are liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure. In this case as well, the oxidizing agent is heated and vaporized before being introduced. Alternatively, a diluting gas may be blown into the oxidizing agent, and the oxidizing agent corresponding to the vapor pressure may be introduced into the film forming chamber together with the diluting gas.
- the oxidizing agent include water, oxygen, ozone, alcohols, anoaldehydes, ketones and the like, and water having high reactivity with organic zinc and good diffusibility when vaporized is preferable.
- the diluent gas a gas that is inert to the organic zinc and the oxidizing agent is used.
- the role of the diluent gas is to dilute the organozinc and oxidizing agent to control the reactivity, and to enhance the diffusibility of the source gas in the deposition chamber to improve the uniformity of the deposition.
- the film resistivity of the transparent conductive film containing zinc oxide as a main component formed by the production method of the present invention can be controlled by removing a dopant comprising a Group III element into the film.
- the dopant comprising a Group III element refers to a hydrogen compound or an organic compound of the Group III element.
- diborane is used as a compound composed of a group III element.
- an organic borane compound may be used, and trimethyl borane and triethyl borane are preferred because of their good doping efficiency.
- an organoaluminum compound is used as a compound comprising a Group III element. Trimethylaluminum and triethylaluminum are particularly preferred because of their good doping efficiency.
- gallium can be used as a dopant.
- the film forming chamber is configured to include a heater for controlling the temperature of the substrate, a gas inlet, an exhaust valve, and the like.
- the pressure in the film forming chamber for obtaining a uniform film having good properties is 0.01-3 Torr, and it is particularly preferable to keep the pressure at 0.1 lTorr.
- the pressure in the film forming chamber is adjusted by adjusting an exhaust valve connected to the film forming chamber or by the amount of hydrogen as a diluent gas.
- FIG. 1 shows a tandem thin-film photoelectric conversion device to which the method for producing a transparent conductive film of the present invention is applied. It is an example of the location.
- the corresponding tandem thin-film photoelectric conversion device will be described with reference to FIG.
- the tandem thin-film photoelectric conversion device of FIG. 1 is a silicon-based hybrid thin-film solar cell including an amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit and a crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit, and can be manufactured by the following method.
- a transparent electrode layer 11 made of a transparent conductive film is formed on a transparent insulating substrate 10. Since the transparent insulating substrate 10 is located on the light incident side of the thin-film photoelectric conversion device, a transparent glass plate or plastic is preferable.
- the transparent electrode layer zinc oxide, tin oxide, or the like can be used, and it is preferable to use a transparent conductive film containing zinc oxide as a main component. This is because zinc oxide is a material that can form fine irregularities having an optical confinement effect even at a low temperature of 200 ° C or less and has high plasma resistance.
- an amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 is formed on the transparent electrode layer 11 by a plasma CVD method.
- the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 includes a p-type layer 21, an i-type layer 22, and an n-type layer 23.
- the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 is made of an amorphous silicon-based material having sensitivity to light of about 360 to 800 nm.
- a crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30 is formed on the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 by a plasma CVD method.
- the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30 includes a p-type layer 31, an i-type layer 32, and an n-type layer 33.
- the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30 is composed of a crystalline silicon-based material that is sensitive to light of about 500-1200 nm. By stacking these two units, light of a wide range of wavelengths can be used effectively. Becomes possible.
- a back electrode layer 40 was formed on the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30.
- the back electrode layer 40 includes a zinc oxide layer 41 and an Ag layer 42.
- the zinc oxide layer 41 is formed by a sputtering method and a CVD method, it is preferable to form the zinc oxide layer by a CVD method because electrical damage to a silicon layer can be reduced.
- the Ag layer 42 can be formed by a sputtering method, an evaporation method, or the like.
- the resistivity, thickness, transmittance, and haze rate of the film containing zinc oxide as a main component and prepared in the examples described below were measured with a resistance meter, an ellipsometer, a spectrophotometer, and a haze meter, respectively.
- the haze ratio is a value represented by (diffused light transmittance) Z (total light transmittance) 100, and was measured by a method according to JIS K7136.
- Comparative Example 1 evaluation was performed by forming a zinc oxide film as a transparent conductive film on a transparent insulating substrate.
- a glass substrate which was a transparent insulating substrate, was carried into a film forming chamber, and the substrate temperature was raised to 150 ° C., and was maintained at that temperature.
- a mixed gas of 600 sccm of argon as a diluent gas and 100 sccm of vaporized water was introduced into the film forming chamber, and subsequently, introduction of 50 sccm of vaporized zinc zinc was started. Further, the pressure in the film forming chamber at this time was adjusted to ITorr by adjusting the valve.
- a zinc oxide film was deposited to a thickness of 60 nm.
- the film thickness was measured with an ellipsometer.
- the transmittance of the formed zinc oxide film was measured using a spectrophotometer together with the glass substrate. As a result, the transmittance at a wavelength of 100 nm was 89%.
- Example 1 a zinc oxide film was formed as a transparent conductive film on a glass substrate.
- this was different from Comparative Example 1 in that hydrogen was used instead of argon as the diluent gas.
- Comparative Example 2 evaluation was performed by forming a zinc oxide film as a transparent conductive film on a glass substrate.
- the glass substrate was carried into the film forming chamber, the substrate temperature was raised to 150 ° C, and was kept at that temperature.
- a mixed gas of 700 sccm of diborane-containing argon gas diluted to 5000 ppm with argon and lOOsccm of vaporized water was introduced into the film forming chamber, and the vaporized dioxane was introduced. Introduced 50 sccm of ethyl zinc.
- the pressure in the film forming chamber at this time was set to 1 Torr by adjusting the valve.
- Example 2 a zinc oxide film was formed as a transparent conductive film on a glass substrate and evaluated. However, it was different from Comparative Example 2 in that hydrogen was used instead of argon.
- Example 2 has lower resistivity and higher transmittance. The reason for this is not clear, but boron is activated as a dopant by forming a film in a hydrogen atmosphere compared to when forming a film in an argon atmosphere. It is considered that a zinc oxide film having a low resistance and a high permeability was obtained due to the reduction in the amount.
- a transparent electrode layer 11 made of a transparent conductive film of tin oxide was formed on a transparent insulating substrate 10.
- an amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 having a thickness of about 300 nm was formed on the transparent electrode layer 11 by a plasma CVD method.
- the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 includes a p-type layer 21, an i-type layer 22, and an n-type layer 23.
- the p-type layer 21 and the n-type layer 23 are each formed to a thickness of 10 nm. did.
- a crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30 having a thickness of about 1.4 ⁇ m was formed on the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 by a plasma CVD method.
- the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30 was composed of a p-type layer 31, an i-type layer 32, and an n-type layer 33. Each of the p-type layer 31 and the n-type layer 33 was formed to a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- a back electrode layer 40 was formed on the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30.
- the back electrode layer 40 was composed of a zinc oxide layer 41 and an Ag layer 42, and the zinc oxide layer 41 having a thickness of 60 nm was formed under the conditions shown in Comparative Example 1.
- An Ag layer 42 having a thickness of 200 nm was formed on the zinc oxide layer 41 by a sputtering method.
- the tandem-type thin-film photoelectric conversion device thus obtained was irradiated with AMI.5 light at an amount of 100 mWZ cm 2 and the output characteristics at 25 ° C. were measured.
- the short circuit current density was 11.9 mA / cm 2 , the fill factor was 72.0%, and the conversion efficiency was 11.4%.
- Example 3 the tandem-type thin-film solar cell shown in FIG. 1 was produced.
- Example 3 was different from Comparative Example 3 only in the conditions for forming the zinc oxide layer 41.
- the film was formed under the conditions shown in Example 1.
- the open-circuit voltage was 1.35 V
- the short-circuit current density was 12.
- the fill factor was 71% and the conversion efficiency was 11.9%, indicating that the performance was improved as compared with Comparative Example 3.
- a transparent electrode layer 11 made of a zinc oxide film was formed on a transparent insulating substrate 10. Transparent The film formation conditions for the electrode layer 11 were the same as those described in Comparative Example 2.
- an amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 having a thickness of about 330 nm was formed on the transparent electrode layer 11 by a plasma CVD method.
- the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 22 was composed of a p-type layer 22, an i-type layer 22, and an n-type layer 23.
- the p-type layer 21 and the n-type layer 22 each had a thickness of 10 nm.
- a crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30 having a thickness of about 1.65 ⁇ m was formed on the amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion unit 20 by a plasma CVD method.
- the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30f has a p-type layer 31, an i-type layer 32, and an n-type layer 33, and the p-type layer 31 and the n-type layer 33 have a thickness of 1 Onm.
- a back electrode layer 40 was formed on the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion unit 30.
- the back surface electrode layer 40 was composed of a layer of Sinjya sublayer & layer 41 and an Ag layer 42, and a 60 nm thick Sinjya sublayer 441 was formed by a sputtering method.
- An Ag layer 42 having a thickness of 200 nm was formed on the zinc oxide layer 41 by a sputtering method.
- the tandem-type thin-film photoelectric conversion device obtained as described above was irradiated with AMI.5 light at an amount of 100 mW / cm 2 , and the output characteristics were measured.
- the open-end voltage was 1.30 V, and the short-circuit current density was measured. Is 12.
- the fill factor was 70.0% and the conversion efficiency was 11.3%.
- Example 4 the tandem thin-film solar cell shown in FIG. 1 was produced. However, Example 4 was different from Comparative Example 4 only under the conditions for forming the zinc oxide layer 11. At that time, under the conditions for forming the zinc oxide layer 11, a film was formed under the conditions shown in Example 2.
- the open-circuit voltage was 1.30 V
- the short-circuit current density was 12.6 mA. / cm 2
- fill factor was 71%
- conversion efficiency was 11.6%
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Abstract
Description
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JP2005517921A JP4939058B2 (ja) | 2004-02-16 | 2005-01-27 | 透明導電膜の製造方法、及びタンデム型薄膜光電変換装置の製造方法 |
EP05709393.2A EP1717341B1 (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2005-01-27 | Process for producing transparent conductive film and process for producing tandem thin-film photoelectric converter |
US10/587,592 US20070157966A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2005-01-27 | Process for producing transparent conductive film and process for producing tandem thin-film photoelectric converter |
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JP2004-038841 | 2004-02-16 | ||
JP2004038841 | 2004-02-16 |
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US (1) | US20070157966A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1717341B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4939058B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2005298867A (ja) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-27 | Air Water Inc | ZnO膜の成膜方法 |
JP2007254821A (ja) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-10-04 | Kaneka Corp | 透明導電膜付基板の製造方法、及び該製造方法を備える装置 |
CN115029665A (zh) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-09 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | 一种化合物薄膜及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
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US7821637B1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2010-10-26 | J.A. Woollam Co., Inc. | System for controlling intensity of a beam of electromagnetic radiation and method for investigating materials with low specular reflectance and/or are depolarizing |
JP5404604B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-18 | 2014-02-05 | 株式会社カネカ | 透明導電酸化物層の形成方法、透明導電酸化物層、並びに、透明導電酸化物層を用いた光電変換装置 |
KR20100028729A (ko) * | 2008-09-05 | 2010-03-15 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 복층 구조의 태양 전지 및 그 제조 방법 |
US8628997B2 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2014-01-14 | Stion Corporation | Method and device for cadmium-free solar cells |
US8906732B2 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2014-12-09 | Stion Corporation | Method and device for cadmium-free solar cells |
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EP1289025A1 (fr) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-05 | Universite De Neuchatel | Procédé de dépot d'une couche d'oxyde sur un substrat et cellule photovoltaique utilisant ce substrat |
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2005
- 2005-01-27 EP EP05709393.2A patent/EP1717341B1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-01-27 WO PCT/JP2005/001119 patent/WO2005078154A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-01-27 JP JP2005517921A patent/JP4939058B2/ja active Active
- 2005-01-27 US US10/587,592 patent/US20070157966A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-05 TW TW094103997A patent/TW200539470A/zh unknown
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JPH03237097A (ja) * | 1990-02-15 | 1991-10-22 | Nippon Steel Corp | 光励起気相成長方法 |
JPH07235505A (ja) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-09-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体層の結晶成長方法 |
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CN115029665A (zh) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-09 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | 一种化合物薄膜及其制备方法 |
CN115029665B (zh) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-08-25 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | 一种化合物薄膜及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1717341B1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
TW200539470A (en) | 2005-12-01 |
JP4939058B2 (ja) | 2012-05-23 |
JPWO2005078154A1 (ja) | 2007-10-18 |
US20070157966A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
EP1717341A4 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
EP1717341A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
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