WO2005071236A1 - 排気ガス浄化装置及びその制御方法 - Google Patents
排気ガス浄化装置及びその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005071236A1 WO2005071236A1 PCT/JP2005/000521 JP2005000521W WO2005071236A1 WO 2005071236 A1 WO2005071236 A1 WO 2005071236A1 JP 2005000521 W JP2005000521 W JP 2005000521W WO 2005071236 A1 WO2005071236 A1 WO 2005071236A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- fuel
- purifying apparatus
- adsorbent
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
- F01N3/0256—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases the fuel being ignited by electrical means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/085—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0878—Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/26—Construction of thermal reactors
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/18—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an adsorber or absorber
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- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
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- F01N2430/08—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing
- F01N2430/085—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by modifying ignition or injection timing at least a part of the injection taking place during expansion or exhaust stroke
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- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for purifying exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, a gas engine, a gasoline engine or a gas turbine engine, or a combustion device such as an incinerator or a boiler, and is particularly provided in an exhaust passage.
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus mainly for removing particulate matter such as nitrogen oxides and soot.
- the substances to be subjected to exhaust gas purification are particulate substances such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and soot. Has been issued.
- a denitration device that uses ammonia or urea as a reducing agent, installs a reduction catalyst in an exhaust passage, and selectively reduces nitrogen oxides.
- Etc. have been put to practical use.
- three-way catalysts capable of simultaneously decomposing nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) have been developed. And contributes to effective purification of exhaust gas.
- the three-way catalyst effectively exerts a purifying action when operated at or near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, but under other conditions, particularly when the air (oxygen) excess is exhausted. It has been found that it does not work effectively in gaseous gases. In order to cope with this, in a gas or gasoline engine which is operated in an excess air condition, the nitrogen oxide is temporarily stored in the storage material during the operation under the air (oxygen) excess condition. In addition, a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst system has been put to practical use that releases and reduces the stored nitrogen oxide by operating under an excess fuel condition.
- the catalyst is poisoned by sulfur oxides (SOx) in the exhaust gas derived from the sulfur component in the fuel, and the purification capacity of the nitrogen oxides rapidly decreases. It has been found that it is currently used only in engines that use low sulfur content fuels. It should be noted that the nitrogen acid is absorbed by the storage material in the nitrogen oxidation tower. Purification device that absorbs oxides and burns them in the same nitrogen oxidizing substance purification tower to reduce nitrogen oxides adsorbed on the occluding material and release sulfur oxides and the like ( Patent Literature 1) has also been developed, but since it is configured to burn in a purification tower containing a storage material, the durability of the storage material actually becomes a problem.
- SOx sulfur oxides
- the DPF physically captures particulate matter using a filter and incinerates and removes the captured particulate matter using an electric heater or the like.Recently, however, a catalyst component having an oxidizing action has been removed. A DPF that can be carried on a particulate filter to remove particulate matter continuously has also been developed.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2003-27927 A
- the three-way catalyst cannot exert a catalytic function in an internal combustion engine or a fuel device that is operated under an excess air condition.
- the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst system used in gasoline engines it is difficult to effectively exert its purification ability in exhaust gas containing sulfur oxides and particulate matter.
- a denitration apparatus that selectively reduces nitrogen oxides using ammonia, urea, or the like is applied to a relatively large-sized industrial internal combustion engine or combustion equipment, but the apparatus itself is large. It is expensive and very expensive, and the maintenance cost of the reducing agents ammonia and urea is also high. In addition, there is a high possibility that ammonia will be released into the atmosphere if not consumed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine or a combustion device that is operated under an excess air condition mainly in the form of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter such as soot, carbon monoxide and unburned carbon in exhaust gas.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus capable of removing hydrogen and maintaining the purifying ability without lowering its purifying ability. It is another object of the present invention to reduce the deterioration of the catalyst due to the poisoning of sulfur oxides as in the prior art, and to sufficiently exhibit the performance even with a fuel containing a large amount of sulfur components.
- a basic invention described in claim 1 of the present application is directed to an exhaust gas purification apparatus installed in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine or a combustion device, in which nitrogen oxides are temporarily stored.
- Nitrogen adsorbent which adsorbs and desorbs the adsorbed nitrogen oxide at elevated temperature or in a reducing atmosphere, and is disposed on the exhaust gas upstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust passage includes: an adsorbing substance desorbing means for reducing the atmosphere; and a combustion device disposed downstream of the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material on the exhaust side and configured by a fuel supply unit and an ignition unit. .
- the invention according to claim 2 is the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion device includes a fuel to which the power of the fuel supply unit is also supplied and an exhaust gas of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent.
- the combustion device includes a fuel to which the power of the fuel supply unit is also supplied and an exhaust gas of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent.
- a fuel-rich combustion region that burns under fuel-rich conditions, and an exhaust gas that is located downstream of the fuel-rich combustion region and exhaust gas from the fuel-rich combustion region and air supplied by the air supply means.
- a fuel-lean combustion region that burns under excess air conditions
- the invention according to claim 3 is the exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exhaust passage is branched into a plurality of branch exhaust passages, and an exhaust inlet of each branch exhaust passage is provided.
- An exhaust gas shut-off means capable of shutting off exhaust gas is provided.
- the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material and the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material are disposed on the exhaust upstream side, and air supply is provided.
- an adsorbed substance desorbing means including a heating means and a reducing agent supply means, an adsorbed substance desorbing means including a heating resistor, Adsorbed substance desorbing means that also has the power Desorbing means consisting of a fuel supply means for air and a catalyst having an oxidizing effect disposed downstream of the fuel supply means for desorbing adsorbed substance, or an air supply means for adsorbing substance desorption and adsorbing substance desorption.
- a desorption combustion device is used, which is a fuel supply means and an ignition means for adsorbed substance desorption.
- a particulate filter for trapping the particulate matter is disposed on the exhaust gas upstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent, or the shape of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent itself is changed to the particulate matter. It can be formed into a captureable physical shape.
- the fine particle filter may have a structure having only a function of capturing particulate matter, but may have a structure including a catalyst having an oxidizing action and capable of continuously oxidizing the particulate matter. .
- the specific shape of the nitrogen oxide sorbent adsorbent itself is, for example, a structure in which the honeycomb of the carrier is closed at one end thereof in the exhaust flow direction one cell at a time (plugging type or wall flow type). Can be employed, thereby effectively removing particles.
- the air supply means of the combustion device used for forming the fuel-lean combustion region is connected to an outlet of a compressor of the supercharger, and Compressed air from can be used.
- the combustion device for adsorbed substance desorption and / or the combustion device disposed downstream of the adsorbent may be provided with a flame holding mechanism.
- This flame holding mechanism is a mechanism that reduces the flow rate of the exhaust gas by partially blocking the flow of the exhaust gas, further forms a backflow region (vortex region), and holds the flame.
- the exhaust gas can be swirled by swirling blades or the like, thereby forming an exhaust gas circulation area.Also, a small amount of air is supplied to form a high oxygen concentration area near the fuel supply means. Means are also effective.
- the fuel injection valve for directly injecting fuel into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is controlled to be used as an adsorbed substance desorbing means.
- inject secondary fuel during engine expansion or exhaust stroke By raising the temperature of the exhaust gas by delaying the injection force or the injection timing, and further supplying CO or HC, the nitrogen oxides in the nitrogen oxide adsorbent are desorbed.
- NOx can be desorbed by raising the exhaust temperature by temporarily operating the fuel excessively and creating a reducing atmosphere.
- a heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the fuel-lean combustion region of the combustion device on the exhaust side, and the heat exchange is connected to the air supply means of the adsorbed substance separation means.
- the high-temperature air heated and exchanged with the exhaust gas from the air can be used as the air supply means of the adsorbed substance desorbing means.
- an air opening portion having an on-off valve is provided on each of the branch exhaust passages on the exhaust downstream side of the fuel-lean combustion region.
- An outlet side switching valve for connecting the branch exhaust passage to the downstream exhaust passage is provided at the junction while the exhaust downstream side from the open portion is joined to the merged exhaust passage. Is closed to discharge the exhaust gas from the branch exhaust passage to the downstream exhaust passage.
- the on-off valve is opened to open the exhaust gas in the branch exhaust passage. Is configured to emit to the atmosphere.
- the present invention is also characterized by a method for controlling each of the exhaust gas purifying apparatuses, and the method for controlling an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising: A temperature detecting means is disposed on the exhaust gas upstream side of the material, and an adsorption amount detecting means for detecting the adsorption amount of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent is disposed on the exhaust gas downstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material.
- the adsorbed amount by the oxide adsorbent is detected by the adsorbed amount detecting means, and when the adsorbed amount reaches a predetermined amount, the adsorbed substance desorbing means is operated or delayed to operate the combustion device, and the fuel rich combustion is performed.
- the mixture composed of the exhaust gas from the nitrogen oxide adsorbent and the fuel supplied from the fuel supply means is controlled so as to be in excess of the fuel.
- Exhaust gas and combustion equipment Of the mixture consisting of air supplied from the air supply means is controlled such that the excess air, detects a state in which the adsorbate is all desorbed nitrogen oxide adsorbing material by the adsorption amount detecting means. Then, the operation of the adsorbed substance desorbing means and the combustion device is stopped to return to the normal operation state.
- nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are adsorbed by the nitrogen oxide adsorbent, and unburned components such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are added to the nitrogen oxide adsorbent. It is oxidized and detoxified by the contained catalyst component having an oxidizing action. If particulate matter is contained, the nitrogen oxide adsorbent is trapped and purified by making the shape suitable for trapping the particulate matter.
- a predetermined amount for example, a saturated amount
- the temperature of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent is raised by nitrogen oxide desorbing means such as temperature raising means to remove nitrogen oxides.
- the material of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent should be a material that does not easily adsorb sulfur oxides, or if it is adsorbed, the sulfur oxides will be desorbed.
- a temperature detecting means is disposed on the exhaust gas upstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent
- an adsorption amount detecting means is disposed on the exhaust gas downstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent.
- the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine or the combustion equipment power is introduced into the branch exhaust passage, and the amount of adsorption by the nitrogen oxide adsorbent during normal operation is detected by the adsorption amount detecting means, and when the adsorption amount reaches a predetermined amount.
- the exhaust gas inflow into the branch exhaust passage is shut off by exhaust gas shutoff means, and the adsorbent desorbing means is operated at the same time, or at the same time or with a force that is advanced or delayed, to operate a combustion device, and the amount of fuel in the branch exhaust passage is reduced.
- the mixture composed of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and the fuel supplied by the fuel supply means of the combustion device is controlled so that the fuel mixture becomes excessive, and in the fuel-lean combustion region, the fuel is rich.
- the mixture composed of the exhaust gas from the combustion area and the air supplied from the air supply means of the combustion device is controlled so as to be in excess of air, and the adsorption amount detecting means absorbs the nitrogen oxides adsorbent.
- the normal operation and the regeneration operation are alternately or sequentially performed on each branch exhaust passage.
- the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine or the combustion equipment is first introduced into one of the branch exhaust passages, and the nitrogen exhaust gas is adsorbed onto the nitrogen oxide adsorbent.
- the adsorption amount reaches a predetermined amount (for example, a saturated amount)
- one of the branch exhaust passages is shut off and the other branch exhaust passage is connected to the internal combustion engine to allow exhaust gas to flow. That is, the normal operation state is inherited by the other branch exhaust passage, and the one branch exhaust passage performs the regeneration operation.
- a temperature detecting means and a pressure detecting means are arranged on the exhaust gas upstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material, and on the exhaust gas downstream side of the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material.
- An adsorption amount detecting means is provided, and the exhaust gas pressure of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent during normal operation is detected by the pressure detecting means, and the adsorption amount by the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material is detected by the adsorption amount detecting means.
- the adsorbed material desorbing means is activated. Control to operate the combustion device at the same time or with an earlier or later force.
- the pressure detecting means is arranged on the upstream side of the particulate filter or SOx adsorbent.
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means and the combustion device are stopped, and the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas exhausted by the internal combustion engine and the like are exhausted.
- the noodles are adsorbed on the adsorbent for nitrogen oxides.
- Unburned components such as hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas are oxidized by the oxidizing catalyst contained in the nitrogen oxide adsorbent and detoxified.
- the adsorbed amount of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent reaches a predetermined amount (for example, a saturated amount)
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means and the combustion device are operated to desorb the nitrogen oxides from the nitrogen oxide adsorbent and burn the nitrogen oxides.
- the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material is configured to have a structure that makes it difficult for the sulfur oxide to be adsorbed, or even if adsorbed, the adsorbed substance desorbing means is used.
- the adsorbent is desorbed by raising the temperature of the adsorbent up to the sulfur oxide desorption temperature using a gas or by setting the adsorbent in a reducing atmosphere to prevent poisoning of the adsorbent.
- the present invention having such a basic operation has the following effects.
- the exhaust passage is branched into two or more branch exhaust passages, and in each of the branch exhaust passages, the same adsorbed substance desorbing means, nitrogen oxide adsorbent and If the combustion device is arranged in the order of the upstream force, exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine or the like flows through at least one branch exhaust passage, and the remaining branch exhaust passage shuts off exhaust gas to perform regeneration operation. be able to. As a result, since the exhaust gas to the branch exhaust passage in the regeneration operation state is shut off, the amount of air into the branch exhaust passage in the regeneration operation state, which is related to the exhaust gas amount of the internal combustion engine or the combustion equipment, can be freely set.
- the amount of air in the branch exhaust passage in the regeneration operation state can be set to be small, and the adsorbent power of the nitrogen oxidant is desorbed. Energy consumption (fuel flow rate) and fuel flow rate supplied to the combustion device can be set low, and fuel cost savings can be achieved.
- the reducing agent By inputting nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides can be efficiently desorbed from the nitrogen oxide adsorbent.
- the fuel supply means for adsorbing substance desorption is provided as the adsorbing substance desorption means, the supplied fuel plays a role of a reducing agent, and the oxidizing agent contained in the nitrogen oxide adsorbing material The heat generated when oxidized on the active catalyst can be used.
- a fuel supply means for desorbing adsorbed substance and a catalyst having an oxidizing action disposed downstream of the exhaust from the adsorbed substance desorbing fuel supply means are provided.
- oxidizing catalyst contained in the nitrogen oxide adsorbent heat is generated, and this heat can be used for desorption.
- an adsorbing substance desorbing air supply means As the adsorbed substance desorbing means, an adsorbing substance desorbing air supply means, an adsorbing substance desorbing fuel supplying means, and an adsorbing substance desorbing ignition means are provided. In this way, it is possible to instantaneously raise the temperature to a higher temperature, and it is possible to flexibly cope with various conditions by adjusting the air flow rate and the fuel flow rate.
- the purification device By forming the shape of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent itself into a physical shape capable of capturing particulate matter, the purification device can be reduced in size while being configured so that particulate matter can be removed. Can be kept.
- the sulfur oxide and the nitrogen oxide adsorbent are respectively adsorbed by the sulfur oxide adsorbent and the nitrogen oxide adsorbent. Adsorb to the material, Each can be adsorbed efficiently. Note that the sulfur oxide adsorbent can be desorbed and regenerated by raising the temperature at the same time as the regeneration operation is performed when the adsorption amount of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent is saturated. it can.
- air supply means for supplying air and a catalyst having an oxidation function are sequentially arranged.
- unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide can be oxidized and removed satisfactorily, which contributes to downsizing of the apparatus.
- the exhaust gas having a low residual oxygen concentration can be stably burned. be able to.
- the configuration is such that secondary fuel is injected during the engine expansion stroke and the exhaust stroke, thereby increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas.
- reducing components such as hydrogen
- a heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the fuel-lean combustion region on the exhaust side, and the heat exchanger By absorbing the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas from the fuel-lean combustion region and using this heat for the adsorbed material desorbing means, it is not necessary to provide a special means for raising the temperature upstream of the exhaust of the adsorbent.
- the exhaust gas purification device can be downsized. Further, the flame temperature in the fuel-rich combustion region can be increased, and the reduction rate of nitrogen oxides can be improved.
- each of the branch exhaust passages is configured to be selectively openable to the atmosphere, during the regeneration operation, for example, the sulfur oxides adsorbed on the nitrogen oxides adsorbent together with the nitrogen oxides are desorbed, but are released by opening to the atmosphere, while during normal operation, for example, the nitrogen oxides are adsorbed. Since the sulfur acid sulfide is adsorbed and removed by the material, the sulfur acid sulfide is not discharged.
- the trapped amount of the particulate material is larger than the adsorption amount of the nitrogen oxidant.
- pressure detection is performed upstream of the exhaust of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent. Means and an adsorption amount detection means arranged downstream of the exhaust, so that the pressure detected by the pressure detection means exceeds a predetermined value or the adsorption amount reaches a predetermined amount (for example, saturation amount), whichever comes first.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a temporal relationship between operating states of respective branch exhaust passages in the exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in the branch exhaust passage.
- Adsorption amount detection sensor (Adsorption amount detection means)
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a basic configuration of an exhaust gas purification device provided in a single exhaust passage, and is provided in a single exhaust passage 2 of an internal combustion engine 1 or a combustion device.
- An exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided.
- the internal combustion engine 1 includes a diesel engine, a gas engine, a gasoline engine or a gas turbine engine, and the combustion equipment includes an industrial boiler.
- adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 nitrogen oxide adsorbent (hereinafter referred to as "NOx adsorbent") 4
- combustion device 5 are arranged in order from the exhaust upstream side. Are spaced apart from each other.
- the combustion device 5 includes a fuel nozzle 6 as fuel supply means and an ignition device 7 as ignition means.
- the fuel nozzle 6 is connected to a fuel tank 11 via a combustion metering device 10, and is controlled by an electronic control unit.
- a unit (hereinafter referred to as “ECU”) 12 controls the amount and timing of fuel supply.
- the combustion device 5 may include an air supply device, if necessary, in addition to the fuel nozzle 6 and the ignition means 7.
- the fuel-rich combustion region XI is locally formed even when the overall air-fuel ratio is in an excess air state. That is, the local fuel-rich combustion region XI is formed near the injection port of the ignition device 7 and the fuel nozzle 6, and the fuel-lean combustion region X2 is formed therearound.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 is capable of adsorbing nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as "NOx") efficiently even in an air-excess atmosphere, and when the temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature or in a reducing atmosphere.
- the atmosphere has the property of desorbing the adsorbed NOx.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 includes a catalyst having an oxidizing effect, and oxidizes unburned components such as carbon monoxide (hereinafter referred to as “CO”) and hydrocarbons (hereinafter referred to as “HC”).
- CO carbon monoxide
- HC hydrocarbons
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 for example, a temperature raising means for raising the temperature of the exhaust gas to a predetermined temperature or higher is used, but a means for changing the exhaust gas to a reducing atmosphere may be used.
- a configuration in which a reducing agent supply unit is added to the temperature raising unit can be employed, so that adsorption and desorption of NOx and SOx can be performed efficiently.
- the temperature raising means for example, a heating resistor such as an electric heater can be used, whereby the temperature can be raised quickly and reliably.
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 it is possible to provide a fuel supply means. In this case, the supplied fuel serves as a reducing agent, and the oxidization contained in the NOx adsorbent 4 NOx is desorbed by utilizing the heat generated during oxidation on the active catalyst.
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means (heating means) 3 and the combustion device 5 are stopped.
- the exhaust gas discharged directly reaches the NOx adsorbent 4, where the NOx is adsorbed.
- the oxidation catalyst contained in the NOx adsorbent 4 oxidizes unburned components such as CO and HC to make them harmless. can do.
- the shape of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent 4 is set to a shape suitable for capturing particulate matter, the particulate matter can also be physically captured by the NOx adsorbent 4.
- the adsorbed amount of the NOx adsorbent 4 reaches a predetermined amount (for example, a saturated amount)
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 is operated, and the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent 4 is increased. Is raised to a predetermined temperature or higher, and the combustion device 5 is operated to perform a regeneration operation. During this regeneration operation, the NOx adsorbent 4 is heated to a predetermined temperature or more by the exhaust gas heated by the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3, whereby NOx adsorbed by the NOx adsorbent 4 is desorbed.
- a predetermined amount for example, a saturated amount
- the combustion device 5 on the downstream side of the exhaust gas and is reduced and removed in the local fuel-rich combustion region XI in the combustion flame.
- the particulate matter captured by the NOx adsorbent 4 is incinerated and removed by raising the temperature of the NOx adsorbent 4.
- CO and HC and particulate matter emitted from the internal combustion engine 1 and the fuel-rich combustion region during the regeneration operation are burned and removed in the fuel-lean combustion region X2 of the combustion device 5.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 when SOx is contained in the exhaust gas, the NOx adsorbent 4 is changed to a material that makes it difficult to adsorb SOx, or even if it is adsorbed, the NOx adsorbent 4 reaches the SOx desorption temperature. Is desorbed from the NOx adsorbent 4 by raising the temperature and, if necessary, reducing atmosphere. This prevents the NOx adsorbent 4 from being poisoned.
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which is basically based on an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in the single-type exhaust passage shown in FIG.
- an air supply means 15 is provided downstream of the fuel nozzle 6 on the exhaust side, so that the rich fuel combustion zone XI is provided on the exhaust upstream side of the air supply means 15.
- the fuel-lean combustion region X2 is formed on the exhaust gas downstream side of the air supply means 15.
- the two regions XI and X2 are respectively formed so as to extend over the entire flow cross section of the exhaust passage 2.Therefore, the exhaust gas passing through the combustion device 5 always passes through the fuel-rich combustion region XI and the fuel-lean combustion region X2 in order. It's getting through.
- the air supply means 15 is connected to an air supply source 17 via an air metering device 16, and the air metering device 16 is controlled by the ECU 12 to supply and stop air and to control the amount of air supply. .
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 1, and the same components and parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the basic operation is the same as that of FIG. 1, but the operation in the combustion device 5 is different. That is, during the regeneration operation, the exhaust gas that has also desorbed the four NOx adsorbents and reaches the combustion device 5 first passes through the fuel-rich fuel region XI, where NOx is reduced and removed.
- NOx is reduced in the locally formed fuel-rich combustion region XI, and thus, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment shown in FIG. Since the fuel-rich combustion zone Xlx is formed, NOx is reduced through the fuel-rich combustion zone XI without leakage, and the reduction and removal rate is improved.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, which shows a basic configuration of an exhaust gas purifying device provided in a branch type exhaust passage in which an exhaust passage 2 is branched into a plurality of exhaust passages.
- the exhaust passage 2 of the device is branched into, for example, two first and second branch exhaust passages 2a and 2b, a switching valve 20 is arranged in the upstream branch portion, and merges again at the downstream end, It is connected to the downstream exhaust passage 2c.
- the switching valve 20 By switching the switching valve 20, exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 1 can be selectively discharged to one of the branch exhaust passages 2a and 2b.
- a NOx adsorbent 4 similar to that of FIG. 1 is disposed, and the fuel nozzle 6 is disposed downstream of the exhaust of each NOx adsorbent 4 as in FIG.
- a combustion device 5 comprising an ignition device 7 and an air supply means 15 is disposed.In the operating state of the combustion device 5, the fuel rich combustion zone XI and the fuel-lean mixture are provided upstream and downstream of the exhaust of the air supply means 15. Combustion zone X2 is formed!
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 includes an adsorbed substance desorbing fuel nozzle (burner) 31, an adsorbed substance desorbing ignition device 32, and an adsorbed substance desorbing air supply means 33.
- the adsorbed material desorbing fuel nozzle 31 is connected to the combustion metering device 10, and the adsorbed material desorbing air supply means 33 is connected to the air metering device 16.
- the other structure is the same as that of FIG. 2, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- one of the two branched exhaust passages 2 a and 2 b is used as an exhaust gas discharge passage of the internal combustion engine 1 by switching the exhaust gas passage by the switching valve 20.
- the switching valve 20 is switched to the second branch exhaust passage 2b, the second branch exhaust passage 2b is used as an exhaust gas passage, and the first branch exhaust passage 2a is used for regeneration operation. ing.
- the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 1 is shut off in the first branch exhaust passage 2a in the regeneration operation state, and operates independently of the second branch exhaust passage 2b in the normal operation state. Since the regeneration operation is performed by supplying fuel and air from the adsorbing substance desorbing means 3, air for adsorbing substance desorbing and combustion equipment related to the amount of exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 1 The amount can be set, and the fuel supply amount from the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 and the fuel supply amount in the fuel device 5 can be saved.
- the switching valve 20 is switched to the first branch exhaust passage 2a, and the first branch While the fuel device 5 and the adsorbed material desorbing means 3 in the exhaust passage 2a are stopped, the combustion device 5 and the adsorbed material desorbing means 3 in the second branch exhaust passage 2b are activated. That is, the normal operation is performed in the first branch exhaust passage 2a, and at the same time, the regeneration operation is performed in the second branch exhaust passage 2b.
- a predetermined amount for example, a saturated amount
- the regeneration operation of the remaining branch exhaust passage is performed while performing the normal operation of the internal combustion engine 1 using one branch exhaust passage. And it is not necessary to secure time for the regeneration operation.
- FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 3, and includes a fuel nozzle 31 as an adsorbed substance desorbing means 3, An air supply means 33 and an oxidation catalyst 35 are provided.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 3, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the operation is basically the same as that of FIG. 3, but the fuel supplied from the fuel nozzle 31 of the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 is oxidized on the oxidation catalyst 35 to generate heat, The heat desorbs NOx from the NOx adsorbent 4.
- FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is basically based on the exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in the single-type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 1 described above.
- the fuel nozzle 6, the ignition device 7, and the air supply means 15 are provided in the same manner as described above, and a fuel-rich combustion region XI is formed upstream of the air supply means 15 on the exhaust side. Region X2 is formed. Further, a fuel nozzle 31 and an ignition device 32 are provided as the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the operation is basically the same as in Figs. 1 and 2, but the combustion is used as the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3, so that the exhaust gas can be instantaneously heated to a high temperature. Further, by adjusting the fuel supply amount and the air supply amount of the adsorbed material desorbing means 3, it becomes possible to flexibly cope with various conditions.
- FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which is basically based on the exhaust gas purifying device provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 3.
- each branch exhaust passage 2a.2b In addition to this basic configuration, each branch exhaust passage 2a.2b In the apparatus, fine particle filters 40 are disposed between the adsorbed substance desorbing means (combustion device) 3 and the adsorbent 4, respectively.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 3, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the operation is basically the same as that of Fig. 3 above.
- the exhaust gas from which the particulate matter has been removed by the fine particle filter 40 can flow into the NOx adsorbent 4, thereby preventing the NOx adsorbent 4 from lowering the NOx adsorption rate.
- the amount of adsorbed particulate matter becomes saturated and the back pressure increases, or Alternatively, when the NOx adsorption amount reaches a predetermined amount (for example, a saturated amount), the operation is switched to the regeneration operation, and the particulate matter is incinerated and removed by combustion of the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 to regenerate the particulate filter 40, and at the same time, Desorb NOx from NOx adsorbent 4 and regenerate NOx adsorbent 4.
- a predetermined amount for example, a saturated amount
- the fine particle filter 40 may have a function of only capturing particulate matter, but may include a catalyst having an oxidizing action and have a function of continuously oxidizing particulate matter.
- FIG. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which has a structure in which a SOx adsorbent 42 is further added to the exhaust gas purification device provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG.
- the SOx adsorbent 42 is disposed between the particulate filter 40 and the NOx adsorbent 4 in each of the branch exhaust passages 2a and 2b.
- Other structures are the same as those of FIG. 6 (and FIG. 3), and the same components and parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Even if the SOx adsorbent 42 is arranged on the upstream side of the particulate filter 40, it operates without any problem.
- the operation is basically the same as the case of FIG. 6, and during normal operation, NOx and SOx are each efficiently adsorbed, and it is possible to prevent the NOx adsorbent 4 from lowering the NOx adsorption rate. it can.
- the SOx adsorbed by the SOx adsorbent 42 during the normal operation is desorbed by the heat of combustion of the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 during the regeneration operation, thereby regenerating the SOx adsorbent 42.
- FIG. 8 shows an eighth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in the branch-type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 3.
- the air supply of the combustion device 5 is performed.
- An oxidation catalyst 47 is arranged downstream of the means 15 instead of forming the fuel-lean combustion region.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 3, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- oxidation catalyst 47 By arranging the oxidation catalyst 47 in place of the fuel-lean combustion region, unburned components such as HC and CO can be oxidized and removed even when the temperature is relatively low.
- FIG. 9 shows a ninth embodiment of the present invention, which is provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG.
- the exhaust gas cleaning device is basically provided, and in addition to this basic configuration, an exhaust gas cooling means 50 and a temperature sensor 50a are arranged upstream of the switching valve 20.
- the temperature sensor 50a is connected to the ECU 12, and inputs the detected temperature.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 3, and the same components and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the NOx adsorbent 4 is measured, and the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the NOx adsorbent 4 is kept within a range in which the adsorption capacity of the NOx adsorbent 4 can be efficiently exhibited.
- the exhaust gas cooling means 50 is controlled so that the exhaust gas is cooled.
- control temperature of the exhaust gas is controlled so as to correspond to each of the NOx adsorbents 4 having various activation temperature zones.
- FIG. 10 shows a tenth embodiment of the present invention, which is basically based on an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided with the single-type exhaust passage shown in FIG.
- the air supply means 15 is provided downstream of the fuel nozzle 6 as shown in FIG.
- a fuel-rich combustion region XI is formed on the upstream side
- a fuel-lean combustion region XI is formed on the exhaust gas downstream side of the air supply means 15.
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 includes a fuel nozzle 31 and an ignition device 32, and includes an air supply means 51 and a flame holding mechanism 52.
- Other structures are the same as those of FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the flame stabilizing mechanism 52 partially blocks the flow of the exhaust gas of the exhaust upstream side force, slows the flow velocity, or forms a region (vortex) where the flow reverses, Hold the flame.
- the flame holding mechanism 52 it is also possible to arrange a swirl vane so as to swirl the exhaust gas to form a circulation region of the exhaust gas. Further, a small amount of air is supplied to the vicinity of the tip of the fuel nozzle 31 by the air supply means 51 in FIG. A configuration in which a high oxygen concentration region is formed at an end can also be adopted.
- FIG. 11 shows an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, which is based on an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided in the branch-type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 3 described above.
- the air supply means 33 is provided, while the heat exchangers 55 are arranged on the downstream side of the lean burn region X2 of the combustion device 5, respectively. Connected to 33.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 3, and the same parts and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the igniter and the fuel nozzle are not required as the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3, and the size can be reduced. Further, the flame temperature in the fuel-rich combustion region XI increases, and the NOx reduction rate improves.
- FIG. 12 shows a twelfth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on an exhaust gas purifying device provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 3, and in addition to this basic configuration, branch exhaust passages 2a and 2b.
- An outlet switching valve 58 is arranged in the exhaust downstream side gathering section, and an atmosphere opening passage (atmosphere opening section) 60 is formed branching downstream of each combustion device 5, and an opening / closing valve 61 is provided in each atmosphere passage 60 respectively. It is.
- the exhaust passage 2c downstream of the outlet-side switching valve 58 is connected to, for example, an exhaust gas boiler 63 to utilize waste heat of exhaust gas.
- Other structures are the same as those in FIG. 3, and the same components and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 is made of a material that can sufficiently adsorb SOx.
- both switching valves 20, 58 are switched to the second branch exhaust passage 2b side, the atmosphere opening passage 60 of the first branch exhaust passage 2a is opened, and the second branch exhaust passage is opened.
- the air release passage 60 in 2b is closed, and the combustion device 5 and the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 in the first branch exhaust passage 2a are in operation for regeneration operation, and the second branch exhaust Passage 2b fuel
- the baking apparatus 5 and the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 are inactive as an exhaust gas flow path from the internal combustion engine 1.
- FIG. 13 shows a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is a modified example of the exhaust gas purifying device provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 12, and as shown in FIG.
- a structure in which an exhaust passage 2c connected to the exhaust gas boiler 63 and an atmosphere passage 70 communicating with the atmosphere are switchably provided at the outlet switching valve 58 of the exhaust downstream side collecting part.
- the branch exhaust passage on the normal operation side communicating with the internal combustion engine 1 (the second branch exhaust passage 2b in FIG. 13) is connected to the exhaust gas boiler 63.
- the branch exhaust passage on the regeneration operation side (the first branch exhaust passage 2a in FIG. 13) communicates with the atmospheric passage 70.
- the structure can be simplified as compared with the structure in which the branch exhaust passages 2a and 2b are provided with the open-to-atmosphere passage 60 and the on-off valve 61 as shown in FIG. The operation is the same as in FIG.
- FIG. 14 shows a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is based on an exhaust gas purifying device provided in the single exhaust passage shown in FIG. 1 described above. Are arranged so that appropriate control can be performed. Therefore, the same components and parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- an adsorption amount detection (estimation) sensor 80 is disposed downstream of the NOx adsorbent 4 and a temperature sensor is disposed upstream of the NOx adsorbent 4.
- a sensor 82 is arranged, and each of the sensors 80 and 82 is connected to the ECU 12, the measured values are input to the ECU 12, and the input values are controlled as follows!
- NOx in the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the NOx adsorbent 4 as described above, and unburned components such as CO and HC are oxidized by the catalyst component contained in the NOx adsorbent 4, for example. It can be detoxified by acidity depending on the content.
- the amount of NOx adsorbed is measured by the adsorbed amount detection sensor 80, and when the adsorbed amount reaches a predetermined (for example, saturated) amount, the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 is operated according to a command from the ECU 12, and the NOx adsorbent 4, for example, is released.
- the temperature is increased to desorb NOx, and is reduced and removed in the fuel-rich combustion zone XI of the fuel device 5 downstream.
- the CO or HC discharged from the internal combustion engine 1 or the fuel device, or the CO or HC or the particulate matter generated in the fuel-rich combustion region XI is generated in the fuel-rich combustion region of the fuel device 5. It is oxidized and removed in the fuel-lean combustion region X2 formed outside XI.
- the shape of the NOx adsorbent 4 is set to a shape suitable for capturing particulate matter.
- the particulate matter force is captured by the SNOx adsorbent 4 during normal operation, but the regeneration operation is performed.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 can be incinerated and removed by raising the temperature as described above.
- the temperature of the NOx adsorbent 4 is raised to the SOx desorption temperature during the regeneration operation, in which a part of the SOx is adsorbed by the NOx adsorbent 4.
- SOx is desorbed, and the NOx adsorbent 4 is regenerated.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 itself is made of a material that does not easily adsorb SOx, thereby preventing the NOx adsorbent 4 from being poisoned.
- FIG. 15 shows a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is basically based on an exhaust gas purifying device provided in the branch type exhaust passage shown in FIG. 3, and has a basic configuration in which sensors for measuring temperatures and pressures at various points are provided. Are arranged so that appropriate control can be performed.
- This is an example in which an adsorption amount estimation sensor 80 is arranged downstream of the NOx adsorbent 4, and a pressure sensor 81 and a temperature sensor 82 are arranged upstream of the NOx adsorbent 4.
- Each of the sensors 80, 81, and 82 is connected to the ECU 12 and inputs each measured value to the ECU 12.
- One of the two branch exhaust passages 2a and 2b is used for normal operation as a flow path of exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 1, while the other is operated for regeneration.
- the switching valve 20 is switched to the side of the second branch exhaust passage 2b, and the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the second branch exhaust passage 2b. Meanwhile, in the first branch exhaust passage 2a, Then, the combustion device 5 is operated.
- the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 and the combustion device 5 are stopped, and NOx in the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the NOx adsorbent 4.
- Unburned components such as CO and HC can be detoxified by, for example, oxidizing with a catalyst component having an oxidizing effect contained in the NOx adsorbent 4.
- the NOx adsorbent 4 is heated, for example, by operating the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3, and NOx is desorbed from the NOx adsorbent 4, so that the fuel device downstream of the exhaust It is reduced and removed in the fuel rich combustion zone XI of 5.
- the NOx adsorption amount in the second branch exhaust passage 2b is measured by the adsorption amount detection sensor 80, and the predetermined (for example, saturated) adsorption amount is detected.
- the switching valve 20 is switched to the first branch exhaust passage 2a side by the command from the ECU 12, and the adsorbed substance desorbing means 3 and the combustion device 5 of the second branch exhaust passage 2b are operated to
- the branch exhaust passage 2b is set in a regeneration operation state.
- the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 1 flows into the first branch exhaust passage 2a, and a normal operation state is set.
- the switching valve 20 is switched to the first branch exhaust passage 2a side. As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in NOx adsorption performance due to a decrease in pressure.
- Fig. 16 shows a time course of control of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of Fig. 15, and one of the first branch exhaust passage 2a and the second branch exhaust passage 2b is used for normal operation. While NOx is being adsorbed, the other indicates that regeneration operation is being performed. Note that the relationship shown in FIG. 16 is applied to all the exhaust gas purification devices provided in the branch-type exhaust passage shown in FIG.
- the air of the compressor of the supercharger is supplied by the air supply means shown in FIGS. Can be used for it can.
- the present invention is used as an exhaust gas purification apparatus for various types of internal combustion engines such as a diesel engine, a gas engine, a gasoline engine, or a gas turbine engine, or a fuel device such as an industrial boiler. It is suitable for an internal combustion engine that contains a large amount of NOx in exhaust gas, such as an internal combustion engine that is operated in a diesel engine. It is also applicable to industrial diesel engines that contain SOx, and is also suitable for reusing exhaust gas heat, reducing poisoning by SOx and efficiently collecting exhaust heat. .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK05703758.2T DK1710409T3 (da) | 2004-01-21 | 2005-01-18 | Udstødningsgasrenser og fremgangsmåde til styring deraf |
US10/586,689 US7784276B2 (en) | 2004-01-21 | 2005-01-18 | Exhaust gas purifier and method of control therefor |
EP05703758A EP1710409B1 (en) | 2004-01-21 | 2005-01-18 | Exhaust gas purifier and method of control therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-013394 | 2004-01-21 | ||
JP2004013394A JP4413020B2 (ja) | 2004-01-21 | 2004-01-21 | 排気ガス浄化装置及びその制御方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005071236A1 true WO2005071236A1 (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
Family
ID=34805382
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2005/000521 WO2005071236A1 (ja) | 2004-01-21 | 2005-01-18 | 排気ガス浄化装置及びその制御方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7784276B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1710409B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4413020B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100816189B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100516473C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1710409T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005071236A1 (ja) |
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FI128631B (fi) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-09-15 | Vocci Oy | Menetelmä lämmön tuottamiseksi energialaitoksessa |
JP2020029841A (ja) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-02-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置及び排気浄化方法 |
BR112021022142A2 (pt) | 2019-05-09 | 2022-01-04 | Cummins Emission Solutions Inc | Disposição de válvula para catalisador com acoplamento curto de fluxo dividido |
KR102639057B1 (ko) * | 2023-06-12 | 2024-02-21 | 화이버텍 (주) | 촉매 컨버터 재생 중에도 지속적으로 유해물질 제거가 가능한 배기가스 유해물질 저감 시스템 및 이를 이용한 배기가스 유해물질 저감 방법 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4413020B2 (ja) | 2010-02-10 |
CN1910352A (zh) | 2007-02-07 |
EP1710409A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
US20080141663A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
KR100816189B1 (ko) | 2008-03-24 |
KR20060093350A (ko) | 2006-08-24 |
EP1710409A4 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
EP1710409B1 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
CN100516473C (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
JP2005207281A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
DK1710409T3 (da) | 2013-01-02 |
US7784276B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
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