WO2005015277A1 - 光学フィルム、それを用いた液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
光学フィルム、それを用いた液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005015277A1 WO2005015277A1 PCT/JP2004/009029 JP2004009029W WO2005015277A1 WO 2005015277 A1 WO2005015277 A1 WO 2005015277A1 JP 2004009029 W JP2004009029 W JP 2004009029W WO 2005015277 A1 WO2005015277 A1 WO 2005015277A1
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- film
- liquid crystal
- layer
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- transparent
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical film, a liquid crystal panel using the same, and a liquid crystal display device.
- a phase difference plate for optical compensation has been widely used in a color TFT liquid crystal display device of various modes for the purpose of improving a high contrast ratio and a color shift with a wide viewing angle.
- the retardation plate include a stretched film of polycarbonate or a norbornene-based polymer.
- these stretched films have extremely large film thicknesses of about 25-10 O / zm, and the obtained retardation values are low and the range is narrow.
- sufficient characteristics could not be obtained. Therefore, when these retardation plates are mounted on a liquid crystal display device, the following problems have occurred. In other words, despite the demand for thinner and lighter liquid crystal display devices, the resulting devices are thicker and heavier and the optical axis shift due to film lamination lowers the transmittance. This is a problem when the characteristics are deteriorated.
- a layer obtained by laminating a liquid crystal compound on a polarizing plate has been realized.
- an optical compensation layer of cholesteric liquid crystal exhibiting negative uniaxial birefringence see, for example, Patent Document 1
- a polarizing plate in which a discotic liquid crystal compound is coated on a protective film of a polarizing plate for example, Patent Document 2
- the liquid crystal compound has a high birefringence and can reduce the thickness of the optical compensation layer.
- an alignment film or an alignment film for defining an alignment direction is indispensable.
- the alignment film is formed by forming a polymer film such as polybutyl alcohol or polyimide on a base material. It is formed by subjecting a substrate to a rubbing treatment or evaporating an inorganic compound on a substrate.
- the oriented film for example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or the like is preferably used. Yes.
- the uniformity of the liquid crystal compound depends on the type and uniformity of the alignment film or the alignment film and the processing conditions, and is easily affected by the external environment. ) And uneven alignment, and it is extremely difficult to obtain a uniform alignment state over a large area immediately.
- the optical compensation layer composed of a liquid crystal compound usually forms a liquid crystal compound on another substrate that has been subjected to alignment treatment, and then laminates only the film on a polarizing plate, A method has been adopted in which an alignment film, a solvent permeation prevention layer and the like are formed in multiple layers on a transparent protective film of a plate, and a solution of a liquid crystal compound is applied to the surface thereof. For this reason, the number of steps increases, and various problems such as a decrease in yield and deterioration in uniformity of appearance due to the increase have occurred.
- the birefringence in the thickness direction of the obtained film tends to increase as the molecular skeleton is rigid and the linearity is higher. If used, an excellent optical compensation layer that is even thinner and exhibits a sufficient retardation in the thickness direction can be obtained.
- usable solvents include, for example, chloroform, dichloromethane and the like. , Dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-chloroform, N-methyl-pyrrolidone and their mixed solvents.
- such a material having a high birefringence has a tendency for the polymer itself to be colored, and the effect of coloring on the optical properties is regarded as a problem. Peta.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-533784
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 2565644
- Patent Document 3 U.S. Pat.No. 5,344,916
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Translation of International Publication No. 10-508048
- the polymer solution is directly applied on a substrate to form a laminate of the substrate and a birefringent layer, and that the laminate can be used as an optical compensator as it is.
- a TAC film or the like used as a base material that does not impair the optical characteristics of the optical compensation layer may be eroded by the above-mentioned solvent, and therefore, is limited in practical use.
- After forming a birefringent layer on a material it is sometimes desirable to laminate only the birefringent layer again on a TAC film or the like.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer itself has a high birefringence in the thickness direction due to the erosion of the substrate by the solvent and the coloring of the birefringent layer, but the birefringent layer was formed directly on the substrate.
- the laminate has appearance problems such as cloudiness and cracks in the substrate, and there is a possibility that the laminate cannot be used as an optical film.
- the present invention is an optical film including a laminate in which a birefringent layer is formed directly on a base material, which has excellent appearance such as transparency and realizes a high retardation in the thickness direction.
- Light The purpose is to provide educational films.
- a method for producing an optical film of the present invention is a method for producing an optical film including a birefringent layer and a transparent film,
- MIBK methyl Isobutyl ketone
- nx, ny, and nz represent the refractive indices of the film in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively, when the non-liquid crystalline polymer is formed into a film.
- An axial direction indicating the maximum refractive index in the plane of the film a Y-axis direction is an axial direction perpendicular to the X-axis in the plane, and a Z-axis direction is the X-axis and the X-axis.
- ⁇ n [(nx + ny) / 2] -nz
- the solubility of a solvent in a polymer is generally known.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylacetamide, cyclopentanone, ethyl acetate, and MIBK have a solubility of “N, N-dimethylacetamide> cyclopentanone> "Ethyl acetate> MIBK”.
- non-liquid crystalline polymers have different birefringence in the thickness direction depending on the type, but the higher the birefringence in the thickness direction, the higher the linearity and rigidity of the molecular skeleton. It is also known that it is difficult to dissolve.
- non-liquid crystalline polymer that can be dissolved in low- and non-polar MIBK.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer that can be understood is the one that the present inventors have found for the first time. And this When such a non-liquid crystalline polymer and MIBK are used, the non-liquid crystalline polymer can be sufficiently dissolved in MIBK, but the solubility of MIBK is low. Even when the liquid crystalline polymer solution is applied, the substrate is not eroded by MIBK as a solvent.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of the optical film of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the optical film of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of the liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph of an optical film in an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph of an optical film in a comparative example.
- FIG. 6 is a photograph of an optical film in a comparative example.
- the method for producing an optical film of the present invention is, as described above, a method for producing an optical film including a birefringent layer and a transparent film.
- nx, ny, and nz represent the refractive indices in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions of the film when the non-liquid crystalline polymer is formed into a film, respectively.
- the axial direction indicating the maximum refractive index in the plane of the film, the Y-axis direction is an axial direction perpendicular to the X-axis in the plane, and the Z-axis direction is the X-axis and the Y-axis. Thickness perpendicular to Indicates the direction of movement.
- ⁇ n [(nx + ny) / 2] -nz
- Case '' means, for example, a case where a film is formed by directly applying a solution in which a birefringent material is dissolved in a solvent onto a base material, and solidifying the formed coating film. Is not restricted at all.
- the birefringence in the thickness direction ( ⁇ ) of the non-liquid crystalline polymer is preferably 0.03 to 0.1.
- it is 0.04-0.1, further preferably 0.05-0.1, particularly preferably 0.06-0.1.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer is not particularly limited as long as it has a birefringence in the thickness direction of 0.03 or more and is soluble in MIBK. Those having excellent linearity and symmetry are preferred because they can realize a large retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction.
- a polymer for example, polyimides disclosed in US5071997, JP-T-8-511812, and JP-T10-508048 can be used. Particularly, repeating units of the following formulas (1) and (2) And polyimides containing: Among these, a polyimide composed only of a repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) and a polyimide composed only of a repeating unit of the following formula (2) are preferable.
- the polyimide composed of the repeating unit (1) or the following formula (2) has no coloring when dissolved in a solvent, and is therefore extremely useful for an optical film.
- a polyimide having a repetitive unit force represented by the following formula (2) is particularly preferable.
- the polyimide composed only of the repeating unit of the formula (1) has a birefringence in the thickness direction of, for example, 0.03 to 0.05, and is composed of only the repeating structural unit of the formula (2).
- the polyimide to be obtained has, for example, a birefringence in the thickness direction of 0.05 to 0.1, preferably 0.06 to 0.085, and more preferably 0.06 to 0.084.
- the birefringence in the thickness direction ⁇ can be set high xyz by relatively increasing the molecular weight. It can be adjusted by changing the method.
- the polyimide having the repeating unit force of the above (1) can be synthesized by a conventionally known method.
- 2,2, -bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) represented by the following formula: It can be synthesized using hexafluropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and 2,2, -bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4, -diaminobiphenyl (PFMB).
- 6FDA hexafluropropane dianhydride
- PFMB 2,2, -bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4, -diaminobiphenyl
- the polyimide which also constitutes the repeating unit force of the formula (2) can be dissolved in MIBK and has a birefringence index ( ⁇ ) in the thickness direction of 0.03 or more as a non-liquid crystalline polymer.
- BPDA 3,3,3,4,4, -Biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- DCBTC-Na (2,2'-dichloro-4,4 ', 5,5,- Biphenyltetracarboxylic acid sodium salt) is obtained.
- This DCBTC-Na is suspended in an aqueous HC1 solution and stirred at 90 ° C. After stirring, the reaction solution is cooled to room temperature, and the white precipitate is collected to obtain DCBPTC (2,2, -diclo- mouth-4,4,5,5,5-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid). Further, DCBPTC (2,2-dichloro-4,4,5,5, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride) is obtained by drying and dehydrating and condensing DCBPTC under reduced pressure.
- a polymer is synthesized by reacting DCBPDA with 2,2, -bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4, -diaminobiphenyl (PFMB).
- PFMB 2,2, -bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4, -diaminobiphenyl
- the weight average molecular weight of these polyimides is, for example, 10,000 to 1,000,000, and preferably 20,000 to 500,000.
- the weight average molecular weight is 10,000 or more, the strength when formed into a film is excellent, and when it is 1,000,000 or less, the solubility in MIBK is excellent.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably, for example, in the range of 50,000 to 200,000.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably, for example, in the range of 50,000 to 200,000.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer such as polyimide has nx> nz and ny> nz due to its own properties related to the orientation of the substrate.
- a film exhibiting optical uniaxiality Therefore, as the transparent film, a non-oriented film, which is not limited to an oriented film or an oriented film, can be used, so that the transparent film can be used as it is as a component of the optical film.
- the material for forming the transparent film is not particularly limited as long as a birefringent layer can be directly formed on the surface thereof and can be directly used as an optical film. That is, even if it is included as a component of the optical film, any material that does not practically affect the optical characteristics of the birefringent layer may be used. As such a material, a material having excellent transparency is preferred.
- a cellulose resin such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), a polyester resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, a polyimide resin
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- Examples include ether sulfone resin, polysulfone resin, polystyrene resin, norbornene resin, polyolefin resin, acrylic resin, acetate resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, and the like.
- As the transparent film made of norbornene resin for example, Arton (trade name, manufactured by JSR Corporation) and Zeonor (trade name, manufactured by Zeon Corporation) can be used.
- thermoplastic resin having an imid group or a non-imid group in a side chain as described in JP-A-2001-343529 (WO 01Z37007) A mixture of a resin and a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or unsubstituted file group and a -tolyl group in a side chain can also be used.
- a resin composition and the like having an alternating copolymer of sobutene and N-methylmaleimidoca and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer for example, a material that can set the birefringence of a transparent film to be relatively lower is more preferable.
- thermoplastic resin having a mid group A mixture of a thermoplastic resin having a mid group and a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group and a -tolyl group in a side chain is preferable.
- these transparent films may contain, as a retardation preparation, an aromatic compound having at least two aromatic rings, for example, as described in European Patent 0911656A2.
- the thickness of the transparent film is generally 12 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 150 m, more preferably 25 to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness is 12 ⁇ m or more, the coating accuracy in the coating process described later is more excellent, and if the thickness is 200 / zm or less, for example, the appearance when mounted on a liquid crystal cell is further improved. Can be improved.
- the present invention is not particularly limited as long as MIBK is used as a solvent as described above and a material as described above is used as a birefringence forming material.
- a birefringence forming material is dissolved in a solvent MIBK to prepare a coating solution.
- the dissolution ratio of the non-liquid crystalline polymer in MIBK is, for example, 5 parts by weight or more, preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of MIBK because of its excellent coatability. It is preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight.
- the coating solution may contain, for example, a general polymer material or a liquid crystal material as a blend material, in addition to the above-mentioned non-liquid crystalline polymer.
- ultraviolet absorbers antioxidants, peroxide decomposers, radical inhibitors, metal deactivators, acid scavengers, amine and other deterioration inhibitors; stabilizers; plasticizers; metals;
- additives such as an additive for improving the adhesion to the transparent film may be blended.
- a coating film is formed by directly applying the coating solution to the surface of the transparent film.
- the method of applying the coating solution is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include spin coating, roll coating, flow coating, printing, dip coating, casting, bar coating, and gravure printing. And the like.
- the coating amount of the coating solution is, for example, For example, it can be appropriately determined according to the content of the non-liquid crystalline polymer in the coating solution, the desired thickness of the birefringent layer, and the like.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer has optical properties of nx> nz and ny> nz irrespective of the orientation of the transparent film due to its properties, and is formed by solidifying the coating film.
- the birefringent layer is optically uniaxial, that is, a layer that exhibits a phase difference in the thickness direction.
- the coating film can be solidified by, for example, a drying treatment.
- the conditions are not particularly limited, and include, for example, natural drying and heat treatment (for example, 40 to 350 ° C).
- the drying step is preferably performed in two stages, for example, by performing a first drying treatment (also referred to as pre-curing treatment) at a temperature of 40 to 140 ° C (preferably 40 to 120 ° C). It is preferable to carry out a second drying treatment (at a temperature of 150 ° C. to 350 ° C.) followed by a second curing treatment.
- the uniformity of the appearance is further improved, and when the post-curing is performed in the above-described range, a decrease in the uniformity and transparency of the film can be further suppressed.
- MIBK remaining in the formed birefringent layer may change the optical characteristics of the optical film with time in proportion to the amount thereof. For example, it is preferably 1.0% by weight or less, more preferably 0.5% by weight or less.
- the optical film of the present invention in which coloring, white turbidity, cracks and the like do not occur, the appearance is extremely excellent, and the birefringent layer is directly formed on the transparent film. Since such an optical film has excellent appearance, it is suppressed from deteriorating optical characteristics due to poor appearance.For example, when used in an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, it realizes extremely excellent display characteristics. it can.
- the thickness of the birefringent layer in the optical film is, for example, 0.2 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 15 m, and more preferably 2 to 10 m.
- the thickness of the birefringent layer is 0.2 m or more, the function as an optical element is extremely excellent, and the thickness is 20 m or less. Then, the uniformity of the birefringent layer is extremely excellent.
- the step of further stretching the birefringent layer or It may have a step of shrinking.
- the optical characteristics of the birefringent layer directly formed on the transparent film can be further changed.
- the birefringent layer exhibiting optical uniaxiality (nx> nz, ny> nz) as described above further exhibits optical biaxiality (nx> ny> nz).
- the method of stretching the birefringent layer is not particularly limited.
- free-end longitudinal stretching in which the laminate of the transparent film and the birefringent layer is uniaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal direction of the film is Examples thereof include methods such as fixed-end lateral stretching in which the film is stretched uniaxially in the width direction in a fixed state, and sequential or simultaneous biaxial stretching in which stretching is performed in both the longitudinal direction and the width direction.
- the stretching of the birefringent layer may be performed, for example, by pulling both the transparent film and the birefringent layer together.
- only the transparent film may be stretched for the following reason. Stretching is preferred.
- the birefringent layer on the transparent film is indirectly stretched by the tension generated in the transparent film due to the stretching.
- the stretching force of the single-layer body rather than the stretching of the laminate is usually uniform, so if only the transparent film is uniformly stretched as described above, the transparent film This is because the above birefringent layer can be stretched uniformly.
- the stretching conditions are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to, for example, the type of the transparent film or the material forming the birefringent layer.
- the stretching ratio is more than 1 and preferably 5 or less, more preferably more than 1 and 4 or less, particularly preferably more than 1 and 3 or less.
- the shrinking step will be described.
- a transparent film having shrinkage is used as the transparent film.
- the coating film is fixed.
- the transparent film is further contracted, whereby the birefringent layer directly formed on the transparent film is contracted.
- the birefringent layer can be converted to optical biaxiality as described above.
- the shrinkage of the transparent film can be performed, for example, by subjecting the transparent film to a heat treatment, whereby the birefringent layer shrinks.
- the conditions for the heat treatment are not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined depending on, for example, the type of the material of the transparent film.
- the heating temperature is in the range of 25 to 300 ° C., and preferably 50 to 300 ° C. — In the range of 200 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of 60-180 ° C.
- the shrinkability of the transparent film can be imparted, for example, by subjecting the transparent film to a heat treatment in advance.
- a heat treatment in order to provide shrinkage in one direction in the plane of the transparent film, for example, it is preferable to stretch in one direction in the plane.
- the non-liquid crystalline polymer of the birefringent layer is utilized by utilizing the difference in the in-plane shrinkage of the transparent film. Is given an in-plane refractive index difference.
- the thickness of the transparent film before stretching is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 10 to 200 m, preferably in the range of 20 to 150 m, and particularly preferably in the range of 30 to 100 m. is there. Then, stretching respect magnification, the stretching after the birefringent layer optical biaxial formed on a transparent substrate (nx> n y> nz) have a particularly limited as long as it shows a.
- the birefringent layer can be contracted by, for example, forming a coating film on a transparent film, fixing these to a metal frame, and heating.
- the optical film of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it includes a laminate obtained by the above-described production method and having a birefringent layer formed directly on a transparent film. It can be used for various optical applications in combination with other optical members as needed.
- Examples of the optical film of the present invention include a laminated polarizing plate further including a polarizer.
- a polarizing plate is not particularly limited, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. Such a thing can be illustrated.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views each showing an example of the laminated polarizing plate of the present invention, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in both figures. Note that the polarizing plate of the present invention is not limited to the following configuration, and may further include other optical members and the like.
- the laminated polarizing plate 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a laminate 1 of the above-mentioned transparent film and birefringent layer, a polarizer 2 and two transparent protective layers 3, and a transparent protective layer on both surfaces of the polarizer 2. 3 are respectively laminated, and the laminate 1 is further laminated on one transparent protective layer 3. Since the birefringent layer and the transparent film are laminated on the laminate 1 as described above, any surface may face the transparent protective layer 3, but the polarizer is not transparent. It is preferably laminated on the birefringent layer of the laminate via a protective layer.
- the transparent protective layer may be laminated on both sides of the polarizer as shown in the figure, or may be laminated on only one of the surfaces. When laminating on both sides, for example, the same kind of transparent protective layer or different kinds of transparent protective layers may be used.
- the laminated polarizing plate 30 shown in FIG. 2 has the laminate 1, the polarizer 2, and the transparent protective layer 3, and the laminate 1 and the transparent protective layer 3 are provided on both surfaces of the polarizer 2, respectively. They are stacked.
- the laminate 1 has the birefringent layer and the transparent film laminated as described above. Any surface may face the polarizer, for example, for the following reasons.
- the polarizer 2 is disposed on the transparent film side of the laminate 1.
- the transparent film of the laminate 1 can also be used as a transparent protective layer for the polarizer. That is, instead of laminating a transparent protective layer on both surfaces of the polarizer, a transparent protective layer is disposed on one surface of the polarizer, and the laminate is disposed on the other surface such that the transparent film faces. By doing so, the transparent film also functions as the other transparent protective layer of the polarizer. Therefore, a thinner polarizing plate can be obtained.
- the polarizer is not particularly limited.
- a dichroic substance such as iodine or a dichroic dye is adsorbed to various films by a conventionally known method, and dyed, crosslinked, stretched, and so on. Those prepared by drying can be used.
- a film having excellent light transmittance and degree of polarization which is preferable for a film transmitting linearly polarized light, is preferable.
- various films for adsorbing the dichroic substance include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol
- PVA polyvinyl styrene-based films
- partially formalized PVA-based films partially formalized PVA-based films
- ethylene-butyl acetate copolymer-based partial kenidani films hydrophilic polymer films such as cellulose-based films, and the like.
- Polyene oriented films such as a dehydrated PVA product and a dehydrochlorination product of polychlorinated vinyl, can also be used. Of these, PVA-based films are preferred.
- the thickness of the polarizing film is usually in the range of 118 to 80 m, but is not limited thereto.
- the transparent protective layer is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known transparent film can be used.
- a material having excellent transparency, mechanical strength, heat stability, moisture barrier properties, isotropy, and the like can be used. preferable.
- the material of such a transparent protective layer the same materials as those of the transparent film can be used.
- the transparent protective layer has no coloring, for example.
- the retardation value in the film thickness direction represented by the following formula (Rth) force is preferably in the range of 90 nm to 1 "h 75 nm, more preferably -80 nm-" h 60 nm, and particularly preferably. Is in the range of —70 nm— + 45 nm.
- nx, ny, and nz indicate the refractive index of the protective film in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, and d indicates its thickness.
- the transparent protective layer may further have an optical compensation function.
- the transparent protective layer having the optical compensation function is used, for example, to prevent coloring and the like and to increase the viewing angle for good visibility due to a change in the viewing angle based on the phase difference in the liquid crystal cell.
- Known objectives can be used. Specifically, for example, various stretched films obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching the transparent resin described above, an alignment film such as a liquid crystal polymer, and a laminate in which an alignment layer such as a liquid crystal polymer is disposed on a transparent base material. can give.
- the liquid crystal polymer alignment film is preferable because it can achieve a wide viewing angle with good visibility.
- the optical compensation layer which also has a tilted alignment layer force of a discotic / nematic liquid crystal polymer, is used as the optical compensation layer.
- Optical compensation phase supported by triacetyl cellulose film etc. A disc is preferred.
- Examples of such an optical compensation retardation plate include commercially available products such as “wv film” manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
- the optical compensation retardation plate may be one in which optical characteristics such as retardation are controlled by laminating two or more film supports such as the retardation film and a triacetyl cellulose film.
- the thickness of the transparent protective layer is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a force that can be appropriately determined according to the retardation, the protection strength, and the like. Usually, it is 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably Preferably it is in the range of 5-150 m.
- the transparent protective layer may be formed by a conventional method such as a method of applying the various transparent resins to a polarizing film, a method of laminating the transparent resin film, the optical compensation retardation plate, or the like on the polarizing film. It can be appropriately formed by a known method, and a commercially available product can also be used.
- the transparent protective layer may be further subjected to, for example, a hard coat treatment, an anti-reflection treatment, a treatment for preventing sticking, diffusion, and anti-glare.
- the hard coat treatment is for the purpose of preventing scratches on the surface of the polarizing plate, and forms, for example, a cured film made of a curable resin and having excellent hardness and slipperiness on the surface of the transparent protective layer. Processing.
- the curable resin for example, an ultraviolet curable resin such as a silicone-based, urethane-based, acrylic-based, or epoxy-based resin can be used, and the treatment can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- the purpose of preventing stateing is to prevent adhesion between adjacent layers.
- the antireflection treatment is for preventing reflection of external light on the polarizing plate surface, and can be performed by forming a conventionally known antireflection layer or the like.
- the anti-glare treatment has the purpose of, for example, preventing visible light from being transmitted through the polarizing plate due to reflection of external light on the surface of the polarizing plate, and is performed by, for example, a conventionally known method. It can be performed by forming a fine uneven structure on the surface of the transparent protective layer. Examples of the method of forming such a concavo-convex structure include a method of roughening by sandblasting or embossing, and a method of forming the transparent protective layer by blending transparent fine particles with the transparent resin as described above. can give.
- Examples of the transparent fine particles include silica, alumina, titer, zirconia, oxidized tin, indium oxide, oxidized cadmium, antimony oxidized, and the like. And inorganic fine particles composed of crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymer particles and the like.
- the average particle size of the transparent fine particles is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 0.5 to 20 m.
- the blending ratio of the transparent fine particles is not particularly limited, but is generally in the range of 2 to 70 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the transparent resin as described above, more preferably in the range of 5 to 50 parts by mass. It is.
- the antiglare layer containing the transparent fine particles can be used, for example, as the transparent protective layer itself, or may be formed as a coating layer on the surface of the transparent protective layer. Further, the anti-glare layer may also serve as a diffusion layer (such as a visual compensation function) for diffusing light transmitted through the polarizing plate to increase the viewing angle.
- a diffusion layer such as a visual compensation function
- the anti-reflection layer, anti-staking layer, diffusion layer, anti-glare layer and the like are provided separately from the transparent protective layer, for example, as an optical layer which also has a sheet or the like provided with these layers. You may laminate
- the optical film of the present invention preferably further has at least one of an adhesive layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. This facilitates adhesion between the optical film of the present invention and other members such as another optical layer and a liquid crystal cell, and also prevents peeling of the optical film of the present invention. . Therefore, the adhesive layer and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer are preferably laminated on the outermost layer of the optical film, and may be laminated on one outermost layer or on both outermost layers of the optical film. ,.
- the material of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include a pressure-sensitive adhesive made of a polymer such as an acrylic, vinyl alcohol, silicone, polyester, polyurethane, or polyether. And a rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive. Further, these materials may contain fine particles to form a layer exhibiting light diffusivity. Among these, for example, a material excellent in hygroscopicity and heat resistance is preferable. With such properties, for example, when used in a liquid crystal display device, foaming and peeling due to moisture absorption, deterioration of optical characteristics due to a difference in thermal expansion, warpage of a liquid crystal cell, and the like can be prevented, and high quality and durability can be achieved. The display device is also excellent.
- the method of laminating the components is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- the same pressure-sensitive adhesives and adhesives as described above can be used, and the type thereof can be appropriately determined depending on the material of each of the components.
- the adhesive Examples thereof include an adhesive made of a polymer such as an acrylic, a bul alcohol, a silicone, a polyester, a polyurethane, and a polyether, and a rubber-based adhesive.
- an adhesive composed of a water-soluble cross-linking agent of a bul alcohol-based polymer such as glutaraldehyde, melamine, oxalic acid or the like can be used.
- the above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesives and adhesives have, for example, excellent light transmittance and degree of polarization, which are hardly peeled off even under the influence of humidity or heat.
- a PVA-based adhesive is preferable, for example, from the viewpoint of the stability of the bonding treatment and the like.
- These adhesives and pressure-sensitive adhesives may be applied to the surface of the polarizer or the transparent protective layer as they are, or a layer such as a tape or sheet composed of the adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive may be applied to the above-mentioned layer. It may be arranged on the surface.
- an adhesive layer is not particularly limited, it is, for example, lnm-500 nm, preferably lOnm-300 nm, and more preferably 20 nm-100 nm.
- an adhesive such as an acrylic polymer / a vinyl alcohol polymer can be employed.
- a polarizing plate that excels in light transmittance and polarization degree that is easily peeled even by humidity or heat
- it also contains a water-soluble cross-linking agent for PVA-based polymers such as daltaraldehyde, melamine, and oxalic acid.
- Agents are preferred.
- These adhesives can be used, for example, by applying an aqueous solution thereof to the surface of each of the components and drying.
- other additives and a catalyst such as an acid can be added to the aqueous solution, if necessary.
- a PVA-based adhesive is preferred as the adhesive because of its excellent adhesiveness to a PVA film.
- the optical film of the present invention can be used in combination with conventionally known optical members such as various retardation plates, diffusion control films, and brightness enhancement films, in addition to the above-described polarizers.
- the retardation plate include those obtained by uniaxially or biaxially stretching a polymer film, those subjected to a Z-axis alignment treatment, and a liquid crystalline polymer coating film.
- the diffusion control film include films using diffusion, scattering, and refraction. These include, for example, control of a viewing angle, and glare and scattered light related to resolution.
- the brightness enhancement film for example, a brightness enhancement film using selective reflection of cholesteric liquid crystal and a 1Z4 wavelength plate ( ⁇ 4 plate), a scattering film using anisotropic scattering in a polarization direction, and the like can be used.
- the optical film can be combined with, for example, a wire grid type polarizer.
- the laminated polarizing plate of the present invention may further include another optical layer in addition to the optical film of the present invention.
- the optical layer include conventionally known various optical layers used for forming a liquid crystal display device such as a polarizing plate, a reflecting plate, a semi-transmissive reflecting plate, and a brightness enhancement film as described below.
- One of these optical layers may be used, two or more of them may be used in combination, one layer may be used, or two or more layers may be laminated.
- the laminated polarizing plate further including such an optical layer is preferably used as, for example, an integrated polarizing plate having an optical compensation function. For example, it is used for various image display devices such as being disposed on a liquid crystal cell surface. Suitable for! /
- a reflective polarizing plate or a transflective polarizing plate In the reflective polarizing plate, a reflective plate is further laminated on the laminated polarizing plate of the present invention, and in the semi-transmissive reflective polarizing plate, a semi-transmissive reflective plate is further laminated on the laminated polarizing plate of the present invention.
- the reflective polarizing plate is usually arranged on the back side of a liquid crystal cell, and is used for a liquid crystal display device (reflective liquid crystal display device) of a type that reflects incident light from the viewing side (display side) and displays the reflected light. Can be used.
- a liquid crystal display device reflective liquid crystal display device
- Such a reflective polarizing plate has an advantage that, for example, a built-in light source such as a backlight can be omitted, so that the liquid crystal display device can be made thinner.
- the reflective polarizing plate can be manufactured by a conventionally known method such as a method of forming a reflecting plate made of metal or the like on one surface of the polarizing plate exhibiting the elastic modulus. Specifically, for example, one surface (exposed surface) of the transparent protective layer in the polarizing plate is matted as necessary, and a metal foil made of a reflective metal such as aluminum is deposited on the surface. A reflection type polarizing plate formed as a reflection plate may be used.
- a reflective polarizing plate is formed by forming a reflective plate reflecting the fine uneven structure on a transparent protective layer having a fine uneven structure formed by adding fine particles to various transparent resins as described above. And so on.
- the reflector whose surface is a fine uneven structure Is diffused by diffuse reflection, thereby preventing the appearance of directional glare, and has the advantage of suppressing unevenness in brightness.
- Such a reflection plate can be formed, for example, on the uneven surface of the transparent protective layer by a conventionally known method such as a vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, or a sputtering method. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ It can be formed as a metal deposition film.
- a reflective sheet in which a reflective layer is provided on a suitable film such as the transparent protective film as the reflective plate Etc. may be used. Since the reflection layer of the reflection plate is usually made of a metal, for example, from the viewpoint of preventing a decrease in reflectance due to oxidation, a long-term persistence of the initial reflectance, and avoiding separate formation of a transparent protective layer. It is preferable that the reflection layer of the reflection layer is covered with the film, the polarizing plate, or the like.
- the transflective polarizing plate has a transflective reflecting plate instead of the reflecting plate in the reflective polarizing plate.
- the semi-transmissive reflector include a half mirror that reflects light on a reflective layer and transmits light.
- the transflective polarizing plate is usually provided on the back side of a liquid crystal cell, and when a liquid crystal display device or the like is used in a relatively bright atmosphere, it reflects incident light from the viewing side (display side).
- Liquid crystal display device that displays images by displaying the images and displays the images using a built-in light source such as a backlight built into the back side of the transflective polarizing plate in a relatively dark atmosphere.
- a built-in light source such as a backlight built into the back side of the transflective polarizing plate in a relatively dark atmosphere.
- the transflective polarizing plate can save energy for use of a light source such as a knock light in a bright atmosphere, and can be used with the built-in light source even in a relatively dark atmosphere. It is useful for forming liquid crystal display devices of the type.
- the brightness enhancement film is not particularly limited.
- linearly polarized light having a predetermined polarization axis such as a multilayer thin film of a dielectric or a multilayer laminate of thin films having different refractive index anisotropies is used.
- a material that transmits light and reflects other light can be used.
- An example of such a brightness enhancement film is “D-BEF” (trade name, manufactured by 3M).
- Use may be made of a liquid crystal layer, particularly an alignment film of a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer, or a film in which the alignment liquid layer is supported on a film substrate.
- Nitto Denko's product name ⁇ PCF350 '', Merck's product name ⁇ Transmax '', etc. can give.
- the various polarizing plates of the present invention as described above may be, for example, optical members in which the laminated polarizing plate of the present invention and two or more optical layers are further laminated.
- An optical member having two or more optical layers laminated in this manner can be formed by a method of sequentially laminating them sequentially in a manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device or the like, but is used as an optical member laminated in advance.
- various bonding means such as an adhesive layer can be used as described above.
- the above-mentioned various polarizing plates have a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an adhesive layer, for example, because they can be easily laminated on another member such as a liquid crystal cell. These can be arranged on one side or both sides of the polarizing plate.
- the material of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and conventionally known materials such as acrylic polymers can be used. Particularly, prevention of foaming and peeling due to moisture absorption, deterioration of optical properties due to difference in thermal expansion, liquid crystal cell For example, from the viewpoints of preventing warpage and forming a high quality liquid crystal display device having excellent durability, it is preferable to form an adhesive layer having a low moisture absorption rate and excellent heat resistance.
- an adhesive layer or the like containing fine particles and exhibiting light diffusion properties may be used.
- the formation of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the surface of the polarizing plate is performed, for example, by directly adding a solution or a melt of various pressure-sensitive adhesive materials to a predetermined surface of the polarizing plate by a developing method such as casting and coating. It can be carried out by a method of forming a layer, a method of forming an adhesive layer on a separator similarly described later, and transferring the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to a predetermined surface of the polarizing plate.
- Such a layer may be formed on any surface of the polarizing plate.
- the layer may be formed on an exposed surface of the retardation plate in the polarizing plate.
- This separator may be formed on a suitable film such as the transparent protective film described above, if necessary, using a silicone-based, long-chain alkyl-based, fluorine-based, or sulfur-based molybdenum. It can be formed by a method of providing one or more release coats with a release agent such as a coating agent.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the like may be, for example, a single-layer body or a laminate.
- the laminate for example, a laminate in which different compositions or different types of single layers are combined may be used.
- the same adhesive layer may be used, for example! /, And may be different compositions or different types of pressure sensitive adhesive layers.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be appropriately determined depending on, for example, the configuration of the polarizing plate and the like, and is generally 500 / zm.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for example, a pressure-sensitive adhesive excellent in optical transparency and exhibiting appropriate wettability, cohesiveness and adhesiveness is preferable.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive excellent in optical transparency and exhibiting appropriate wettability, cohesiveness and adhesiveness is preferable.
- Specific examples include pressure-sensitive adhesives prepared by appropriately using polymers such as acrylic polymers, silicone polymers, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyethers, and synthetic rubbers as base polymers.
- the control of the adhesive properties of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is performed, for example, by the composition and molecular weight of the base polymer forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the crosslinking method, the content ratio of the crosslinkable functional group, the mixing ratio of the crosslinking agent, and the like. It can be suitably carried out by a conventionally known method such as adjusting the degree of crosslinking and the molecular weight.
- the layers such as the optical film and the polarizing plate of the present invention, the polarizing film forming the various optical members (the various polarizing plates in which the optical layers are laminated), the transparent protective layer, the optical layer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, etc.
- an ultraviolet absorbing agent such as a salicylic acid ester compound, a benzophenone compound, a benzotriazole compound, a cyanoacrylate compound, and a nickel complex salt compound may be used.
- the optical film and the polarizing plate of the present invention are preferably used for forming various devices such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the optical film and the polarizing plate of the present invention may be used on one side of a liquid crystal cell.
- a liquid crystal panel can be disposed on both sides to form a liquid crystal panel, which can be used for a liquid crystal display device such as a reflective type, a transflective type, or a transflective type.
- the type of the liquid crystal cell forming the liquid crystal display device can be arbitrarily selected.
- an active matrix driving type represented by a thin film transistor type a simple type represented by a twisted nematic type or a super twisted nematic type can be used.
- Various types such as matrix drive type Eve's liquid crystal cell can be used.
- the optical film of the present invention is particularly excellent in optical compensation of TN (Twisted Nematic) cells, VA cells, and OCB cells, and thus is very useful for a liquid crystal display device having these liquid crystal cells. .
- the liquid crystal cell usually has a structure in which liquid crystal is injected into a gap between opposing liquid crystal cell substrates.
- the liquid crystal cell substrate is not particularly limited.
- a glass substrate or a plastic substrate is used.
- the material of the plastic substrate is not particularly limited, and may be a conventionally known material.
- polarizing plates and optical members are provided on both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell, they may be of the same type or different. Further, when forming the liquid crystal display device, for example, one or more layers of appropriate components such as a prism array sheet, a lens array sheet, a light diffusion plate, and a backlight can be arranged at appropriate positions.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel, and is not particularly limited, except that the liquid crystal panel is a liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
- the light source is not particularly limited.
- a planar light source that emits polarized light is preferable because light energy can be used effectively.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the liquid crystal panel of the present invention.
- the liquid crystal panel 40 has a liquid crystal cell 21, a laminate 1 of a transparent film and a birefringent layer, a polarizer 2, and a transparent protective layer 3, and is laminated on one surface of the liquid crystal cell 21.
- a polarizer 2 and a transparent protective layer 3 are laminated on the other surface of the laminate 1 in this order.
- the liquid crystal cell 21 has a configuration in which liquid crystal is held between two liquid crystal cell substrates (not shown).
- the birefringent layer and the transparent film are laminated as described above, and the birefringent layer side faces the liquid crystal cell 21 and the transparent film side faces the polarizer 2.
- liquid crystal display device of the present invention for example, a diffusion plate, an antiglare layer, an antireflection film, a protective layer or a protective plate is further disposed on the optical film (polarizing plate) on the viewing side, or A compensating retardation plate or the like may be appropriately disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate in the panel.
- the optical film and the polarizing plate of the present invention are not limited to the liquid crystal display device described above. However, it can also be used for self-luminous display devices such as organic electroluminescent (EL) displays, PDPs, and FEDs. When used in a self-luminous flat display, for example, by setting the in-plane retardation value ⁇ nd of the birefringent optical film of the present invention to ⁇ 4, circularly polarized light can be obtained. Available as
- the EL display device of the present invention is a display device having the optical film of the present invention, and the EL device may be either an organic EL or an inorganic EL.
- an optical film such as a polarizer or a polarizing plate together with a ⁇ / 4 plate to prevent reflection of electrode force in a black state.
- the polarizer and the optical film of the present invention are particularly suitable when the EL layer emits linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light, or emits natural light in the frontal direction. This is very useful when the emitted light in the oblique direction is partially polarized.
- the organic EL display device generally has a light-emitting body (organic EL light-emitting body) laminated on a transparent substrate in the order of a transparent electrode, an organic light-emitting layer, and a metal electrode S.
- the organic light emitting layer is a laminate of various organic thin films, for example, a laminate of a hole injection layer having a triphenylamine derivative or the like and a light emitting layer of a fluorescent organic solid such as anthracene or the like, Various combinations such as a laminate of such a light emitting layer and an electron injection layer made of a perylene derivative, and a laminate of the hole injection layer, the light emitting layer, and the electron injection layer are given.
- At least one electrode needs to be transparent in order to extract light emitted from the organic light emitting layer.
- a transparent electrode formed of a transparent conductor such as o) is used as an anode.
- metal electrodes such as Mg-Ag and A1-Li are usually used. .
- the organic light emitting layer is formed of, for example, an extremely thin film having a thickness of about 10 nm. This is because even in the organic light emitting layer, light is transmitted almost completely as in the case of the transparent electrode. As a result, when the light is not emitted, the light that enters from the surface of the transparent substrate, passes through the transparent electrode and the organic light emitting layer, and is reflected by the metal electrode exits to the surface of the transparent substrate again. Therefore, when viewed from the outside, the display surface of the organic EL display device looks like a mirror surface.
- the organic EL display device of the present invention includes, for example, an organic EL device including the organic EL luminous body, which is provided with a transparent electrode on the front surface side of the organic luminescent layer and a metal electrode on the back surface side of the organic luminescent layer.
- the optical film (polarizing plate or the like) of the present invention is disposed on the surface of the transparent electrode. Further, it is preferable that a ⁇ / 4 plate is disposed between the polarizing plate and the EL element.
- an organic EL display device has an effect of suppressing external reflection and improving visibility. Further, it is preferable that a retardation plate is further disposed between the transparent electrode and the optical film.
- the retardation plate and the optical film have a function of, for example, polarizing light incident from the outside and reflected on the metal electrode. There is an effect that the external force is not visually recognized.
- a 1Z4 wavelength plate is used as the retardation plate, and the angle between the polarization directions of the polarizing plate and the retardation plate is adjusted to ⁇ 4, the mirror surface of the metal electrode can be completely shielded. it can. That is, only linearly polarized light components of the external light incident on the organic EL display device are transmitted by the polarizing plate.
- the linearly polarized light becomes generally elliptically polarized light by the phase difference plate.
- the phase difference plate is a 1Z4 wavelength plate and the angle is ⁇ 4
- the linearly polarized light becomes circularly polarized light.
- this circularly polarized light transmits through a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, and an organic thin film, is reflected by a metal electrode, again transmits through the organic thin film, the transparent electrode, and the transparent substrate, and is transmitted through the retardation plate. Again, it becomes linearly polarized light. And this linearly polarized light is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarizing plate. However, the light cannot pass through the polarizing plate, and as a result, as described above, the mirror surface of the metal electrode can be completely shielded.
- a polyimide sample (50 mg) was dissolved in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (0.6 mL) to prepare a sample, which was measured using a 400 MHz 1 H-NMR (trade name: LA400, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
- DMSO deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide
- the molecular weight was determined by dissolving each polyimide sample in DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) to a concentration of 0.1% by weight, filtering this solution through a 0.45 m membrane filter, and then trade name HLC-8120GPC (TOSOH (Manufactured by the company) and polyethylene oxide standards.
- DMF N, N-dimethylformamide
- TOSOH Manufactured by the company
- the refractive index of the obtained optical film was measured using an Abbe refractometer.
- the value at a wavelength of 590 ⁇ m was measured using an automatic birefringence meter (trade name: KOBRA-21ADH; manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the retardation in the thickness direction (Rth) was measured with respect to incident light from a direction inclined by 40 ° from the normal to the optical film.
- the thickness of the birefringent layer was measured using an instantaneous multiphotometry system (trade name: MCPD-2000; manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
- a polyimide layer (birefringent layer) (thickness: 5.0 m) was formed directly on the TAC film.
- the polyimide layer in the obtained optical film had a refractive index of 1.55 and a birefringence ( ⁇ ) of 0.041 in the thickness direction.
- the transparent film was manufactured as follows. First, a dartalimide copolymer composed of N-methyldaltarimide and methyl methacrylate (N-methyldaltarimide content: 75% by weight, acid content: 0.01 meq / g or less, glass transition temperature: 147 ° C) 65% by weight And 35 parts by weight of a copolymer (acrylonitrile content: 28% by weight, styrene content: 72% by weight) composed of attritor nitrile and styrene are melt-kneaded. It was fed to a melt extruder to obtain a 135 m thick film.
- This film was stretched 1.7 times in the MD direction at 160 ° C., and further stretched 1.8 times in the TD direction.
- the obtained biaxially stretched transparent film had a thickness of 55 ⁇ m, an in-plane retardation (And) of 1 nm, and a thickness direction retardation (Rth) of 3 nm.
- An optical film was prepared by directly forming a polyimide layer (birefringent layer) on a TAC film in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this polyimide was used.
- the polyimide layer in the obtained optical film had a refractive index of 1.57, a birefringence ( ⁇ n) in the thickness direction of 0.075, and a transmittance of 90.4%.
- the DCBPDA was synthesized as described below. First, 27.2 g (0.68 mol) of NaOH is dissolved in 400 ml of water, and 5.0 g (0.17 mol) of 3,3,, 4,4, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) is added to this aqueous solution of NaOH. Was dissolved. This solution was heated to 100 ° C., and a chlorine gas was injected into the solution, whereby a white precipitate was deposited 5 minutes after the injection.
- BPDA 3,3,, 4,4, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- DCBPTC 2,2'-dichloro-4,4,4,5,5-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid
- DCBPDA (2,2'-dicromouth-4,4 ', 5,5, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride).
- DCBPDA was purified by recrystallization from toluene and dioxane. The results of analyzing the obtained DCBPDA are shown below.
- a polyimide was obtained by collecting the fibrous solid by filtration with a filter. This polyimide was immersed again in high-purity methanol, and the filtration was repeated twice. ° C—The remaining solvent was removed by drying at 200 ° C for 24 hours. The yield of the obtained polyimide was 91-95%.
- An optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a TAC film (trade name: UZ-TAC; manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of about 80 ⁇ m was used instead of the transparent film.
- a TAC film trade name: UZ-TAC; manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
- An optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a TAC film (trade name: UZ-TAC; manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of about 80 ⁇ m was used instead of the transparent film.
- a TAC film trade name: UZ-TAC; manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
- An optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that ethyl acetate was used instead of MIBK.
- a polyimide layer is formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above. The optical characteristics were measured.
- An optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that cyclopentanone was used instead of MIBK.
- cyclopentanone was used instead of MIBK.
- a polyimide layer is formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above. !, The optical properties were measured.
- An optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that ethyl acetate was used instead of MIBK.
- the optical film obtained as described below has poor appearance, Since the optical characteristics could not be measured, a polyimide layer was formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above, and the optical characteristics of the polyimide layer were measured.
- An optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that cyclopentanone was used instead of MIBK.
- cyclopentanone was used instead of MIBK.
- a polyimide layer is formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above. !, The optical properties were measured.
- an optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyimide was used and dissolved in cyclopentanone instead of MIBK.
- the optical film obtained as described later had a poor appearance and various optical characteristics could not be measured. Therefore, a polyimide layer was formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above. This polyimide layer had a refractive index of 1.56, a birefringence ( ⁇ ⁇ ) in the thickness direction of 0.028, and a transmittance of 87.2%.
- an optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyimide was used and dissolved in cyclopentanone instead of MIBK.
- the optical film obtained as described later had a poor appearance and various optical characteristics could not be measured. Therefore, a polyimide layer was formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above. This polyimide layer had a refractive index of 1.55, a birefringence in the thickness direction ( ⁇ ) of 0.022, and a transmittance of 88.5%.
- Acid dianhydride (3,3,4,4, -biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- BPDA p-diaminobenzene
- PDA p-diaminobenzene
- an optical film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyamic acid was used instead of the polyimide, and the polyamic acid was dissolved in N-dimethylacetamide instead of MIBK.
- the optical film obtained as described later had a poor appearance and various optical characteristics could not be measured. Therefore, a polyamic acid layer was formed on a glass plate in the same manner as described above. This polyamic acid layer had a refractive index of 1.71, a birefringence ( ⁇ ) in the thickness direction of 0.166, and a transmittance of 85.9%.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph showing the appearance of the optical film of Example 1, and the other Examples 2-4 have similar results (not shown).
- FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the appearance of the optical film of Comparative Example 1, and the same result is obtained for Comparative Example 3 (not shown).
- FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the appearance of the optical film of Comparative Example 2, and the other Comparative Examples 417 have similar results (not shown).
- the central portion having a width of 10 cm is a portion where the polyimide solution is applied.
- the obtained optical film was subjected to a stretching treatment, and the thickness when the thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the optical film became 200 nm and the thickness when the thickness direction retardation (Rth) became 400 nm were measured.
- Table 1 shows the results. Note that a thickness direction retardation (Rth) of 200 nm is preferable for compensating a VA mode liquid crystal cell and is a phase difference value, and an Rth400 nm is preferable for compensating an OCB mode liquid crystal cell and is a phase difference value. is there.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 3 use the same polyimide as in Example 1, and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 use the same polyimide as in Example 2, but differ from Examples 1 and 2.
- a polyimide layer (5 ⁇ m in thickness) was formed on a TAC film in the same manner as in Example 1, and the birefringence in the thickness direction ( ⁇ n) was measured for each. did. So
- the birefringence ( ⁇ ) in the thickness direction represented by the following equation is 0.03 or more
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
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US10/556,401 US20060204678A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 | 2004-06-25 | Optical film, liquid crystal panel including the same and liquid crystal display |
KR1020057012541A KR100647053B1 (ko) | 2003-08-07 | 2004-06-25 | 광학 필름, 그것을 사용한 액정 패널 및 액정 표시 장치 |
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PCT/JP2004/009029 WO2005015277A1 (ja) | 2003-08-07 | 2004-06-25 | 光学フィルム、それを用いた液晶パネルおよび液晶表示装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060204678A1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP3735361B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100647053B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1784615A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005015277A1 (ja) |
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WO2003062875A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-23 | 2003-07-31 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Film optique, plaque de polarisation multicouche, affichage a cristaux liquides les comprenant, et affichage a emission spontanee |
US7128952B2 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2006-10-31 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical film |
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2004
- 2004-06-24 JP JP2004186657A patent/JP3735361B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-06-25 WO PCT/JP2004/009029 patent/WO2005015277A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-06-25 US US10/556,401 patent/US20060204678A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-06-25 CN CNA200480011959XA patent/CN1784615A/zh active Pending
- 2004-06-25 KR KR1020057012541A patent/KR100647053B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2005-03-18 JP JP2005080015A patent/JP3735366B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPH08511812A (ja) * | 1993-04-21 | 1996-12-10 | ザ ユニバーシティ オブ アクロン | 負複屈折のポリイミド膜 |
JP2002311243A (ja) * | 2001-04-18 | 2002-10-23 | Nitto Denko Corp | 積層位相差板、偏光板及び液晶表示装置 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005118686A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-15 | Kaneka Corporation | 可溶性ポリイミド及びこれを使用した光学補償部材 |
CN100410699C (zh) * | 2005-05-25 | 2008-08-13 | 日东电工株式会社 | 光学膜、液晶面板和液晶显示装置 |
US7538841B2 (en) | 2005-05-25 | 2009-05-26 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical film, liquid crystal panel, and liquid crystal display apparatus |
KR100905619B1 (ko) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-06-30 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 광학 보상판, 및 액정 셀, 및 액정 표시 장치 |
US7633584B2 (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2009-12-15 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Optical compensation plate, liquid crystal cell, and liquid crystal display device |
CN101930092A (zh) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-12-29 | 日东电工株式会社 | 光学薄膜的制造方法、光学薄膜和图像显示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060204678A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
JP3735361B2 (ja) | 2006-01-18 |
KR100647053B1 (ko) | 2006-11-23 |
JP2005208676A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
KR20060036894A (ko) | 2006-05-02 |
JP3735366B2 (ja) | 2006-01-18 |
CN1784615A (zh) | 2006-06-07 |
JP2005070745A (ja) | 2005-03-17 |
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