WO2004109778A1 - 多層膜反射鏡及びx線露光装置 - Google Patents
多層膜反射鏡及びx線露光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004109778A1 WO2004109778A1 PCT/JP2004/007410 JP2004007410W WO2004109778A1 WO 2004109778 A1 WO2004109778 A1 WO 2004109778A1 JP 2004007410 W JP2004007410 W JP 2004007410W WO 2004109778 A1 WO2004109778 A1 WO 2004109778A1
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- multilayer film
- multilayer
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 265
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 185
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000560 X-ray reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001900 extreme ultraviolet lithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000313 electron-beam-induced deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001659 ion-beam spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/22—Masks or mask blanks for imaging by radiation of 100nm or shorter wavelength, e.g. X-ray masks, extreme ultraviolet [EUV] masks; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/24—Reflection masks; Preparation thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70233—Optical aspects of catoptric systems, i.e. comprising only reflective elements, e.g. extreme ultraviolet [EUV] projection systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/7095—Materials, e.g. materials for housing, stage or other support having particular properties, e.g. weight, strength, conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
- G03F7/70958—Optical materials or coatings, e.g. with particular transmittance, reflectance or anti-reflection properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
- G21K1/06—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diffraction, refraction or reflection, e.g. monochromators
- G21K1/062—Devices having a multilayer structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K2201/00—Arrangements for handling radiation or particles
- G21K2201/06—Arrangements for handling radiation or particles using diffractive, refractive or reflecting elements
- G21K2201/067—Construction details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/033—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers
- H01L21/0332—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their composition, e.g. multilayer masks, materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multilayer mirror used for an X-ray optical system such as an X-ray microscope, an X-ray analyzer, an X-ray exposure apparatus, and an X-ray exposure apparatus using the multilayer mirror.
- an X-ray optical system such as an X-ray microscope, an X-ray analyzer, an X-ray exposure apparatus, and an X-ray exposure apparatus using the multilayer mirror.
- the imaginary part k of the refractive index represents the absorption of X-rays. Since ⁇ and k are much smaller than 1, the refractive index in this region is very close to 1. Therefore, a conventional transmissive optical element such as a lens cannot be used, and an optical system utilizing reflection is used.
- the critical angle for total reflection is smaller than 0 c (less than about 20 ° at a wavelength of 10 nm) (vertical) At the angle of incidence, the reflectivity is very small.
- the incident angle is Means the angle between the normal to the incident surface and the optical axis of the incident light.
- a large number of reflection surfaces (for example, several tens to several hundred layers) are provided by laminating substances having as high an amplitude reflectance at the interface as possible, and based on optical interference theory, the phases of the reflected waves match.
- a multi-layer reflecting mirror in which the thickness of each layer is adjusted is used.
- the multilayer mirror can also reflect vertically incident X-rays, it is possible to configure an optical system with less aberration than an oblique incidence optical system using total reflection.
- the multilayer reflector is based on Bragg's formula so that the phase of the reflected wave matches.
- each factor When the condition is satisfied, it has a wavelength dependence that strongly reflects X-rays, so each factor must be selected so as to satisfy this formula.
- multilayer films used in multilayer mirrors include WZC multilayer films in which tungsten (W) and carbon (C) are alternately laminated, and Mo / C multilayer in which molybdenum (Mo) and carbon are alternately laminated. Those using a combination of films and the like are known. These multilayer films are formed by thin film forming techniques such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, and CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition).
- Reflectors using such multilayer films are also applied to EUVL (Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography), a reduction projection lithography technology using soft X-rays.
- EUVL Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a multilayer mirror used in a conventional EUVL.
- the multilayer mirror 41 has a Mo / Si multilayer film 45 formed on a substrate 43.
- the Mo / Si multi-layer film 45 has a Mo layer 47 and a Si layer 49 as a single pair, and this layer pair is laminated about 40 to 50 layers.
- the period length (thickness of one layer) of the MoZSi multilayer film 45 is about 7 nm, and the ratio ( ⁇ ) of the thickness of one Mo layer to the period length is about 0.35 to 0.4. It is.
- the surface of the substrate 43 (upper surface in the figure) usually has a concave shape, but for simplicity of description, a part of the multilayer mirror is horizontalized and the number of layers is omitted in the figure. ing.
- the multilayer reflector 41 is manufactured by sputtering (ion beam sputtering, magnetron sputtering, etc.), electron beam deposition, or the like, but a high reflectivity Mo / Si multilayer film 45 is generally used. It has a compressive internal stress of about 350 MPa to about 150 MPa. For this reason, there is a problem that the substrate 43 of the multilayer mirror 41 is deformed by the compressive internal stress of the MoZSi multilayer film 45, and a wavefront aberration occurs in the optical system to deteriorate optical characteristics.
- a first multilayer film is formed on the substrate, and a multilayer film having a high X-ray reflectivity (the second film) is formed on the first multilayer film.
- a technique has been reported to reduce the stress of the entire multilayer mirror by forming a multilayer film (see, for example, E. Zoethout, et al., SPIE Proceedings J, 2003, No. 5). 037, p.872, M. Shiraishi, et al., "SPIE ProceedingsJ, 2003, Vol.5307, p.249".
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the stress of the multilayer film on the MoZSi multilayer film having a period length of 7.2 nm and a number of laminations of 50 layers formed by sputtering while changing ⁇ .
- the horizontal axis represents ⁇ (-), which is the ratio of the thickness of one Mo layer to the period length.
- the vertical axis represents the stress (MP a) of the film, with a negative value representing the compressive stress and a positive value representing the tensile stress.
- the stress of the MoZS i multilayer changes with ⁇ , but when ⁇ is less than about 0.5, the stress is compressive, whereas when ⁇ is greater than about 0.5, the stress is tensile. It can be seen that it is a stress.
- the second multilayer film having a high reflectance is about 0.35 to 0.4, the second multilayer film has a compressive stress of about 350 MPa to about 450 MPa.
- a tensile stress can be generated in the first multilayer film. 'Therefore, the internal stress of the entire multilayer film can be reduced by combining the second multilayer film with compressive stress and the first multilayer film with tensile stress.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the structure of a conventional low-stress multilayer mirror.
- This multilayer reflector 51 has a first multilayer film 57 formed between a substrate 53 and a second multilayer film 55.
- the second multilayer film 55 is a MoZS i multilayer film composed of the Mo layer 55 1 and the Si layer 55 3, having a period length of 7.2 nm, ⁇ of 0.35, and a number of laminations of 50 High X-ray reflectivity as a layer pair Can be used.
- the first multilayer film 57 is a Mo / Si multilayer film composed of the Mo layer 571, and the Si layer 573, and has a period length of 7.2 nm, a thickness of 0.7, The number of laminations is 30 layer pairs. Note that, for simplicity of the description, in the figure, a part of the multilayer mirror is leveled and the number of layers is omitted.
- the second multilayer film 55 has a compressive stress because ⁇ is 0.35, whereas the first multilayer film 57 has a ⁇ ⁇ that is 0.7. Has tensile stress. Therefore, the internal stress can be reduced as a whole multilayer film.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a multilayer reflector having a low internal stress in which a decrease in reflectance is suppressed, and an X-ray exposure apparatus using the multilayer reflector.
- the purpose is to do.
- the first invention comprises a layer made of a substance (first substance) having a large difference between the refractive index in the soft X-ray region and the refractive index of vacuum and a small substance (first substance).
- the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film is The thickness of the first material layer of the second multilayer film is made substantially equal, or the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film is made smaller than the thickness of the first material layer of the second multilayer film (for that reason, In addition, it is possible to suppress an increase in surface roughness due to microcrystallization of the first material layer, thereby suppressing a decrease in the reflectance of the multilayer mirror, and a thickness of the first material layer and a thickness of the second material layer. By making the ratio between the first multilayer film and the second multilayer film different, the internal stress of the second multilayer film can be reduced by the internal stress of the first multilayer film.
- the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film is 50% to 120% of the thickness of the second material layer of the first material. It is preferable that Thereby, a multilayer film can be easily formed, and the influence on the reflectivity can be reduced by reliably suppressing the surface roughness to an allowable value or less.
- the first multilayer film preferably has an internal stress that is opposite to the internal stress of the second multilayer film.
- the internal stress of the second multilayer film can be more reliably reduced by the internal stress of the first multilayer film.
- the first multilayer ⁇ of the film is preferably larger than ⁇ of the second multilayer film.
- a multilayer film has a compressive stress when the ratio ( ⁇ ) of the thickness of the first material layer to the period length is small, and has a tensile stress when the ratio ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is large.
- ⁇ of the second multilayer is set small to increase the X-ray reflectivity. The membrane has a compressive stress. For this reason, by increasing the thickness of the first multilayer film, the first multilayer film has a tensile stress, and the compressive stress of the second multilayer film can be reduced.
- the first substance is preferably molybdenum (Mo).
- the second material is silicon (S i). This makes it possible to obtain a multilayer mirror that is inexpensive, has excellent durability, and has a high X-ray reflectivity.
- a second invention for achieving the above object is a first multilayer film in which a molybdenum (Mo) layer and a silicon (Si) layer are alternately laminated on a substrate; And a second multilayer film formed by alternately laminating Mo layers and Si layers, wherein the thickness of the Mo layer of the first multilayer film is 1.2. nm to 3 nm, wherein the ratio of the thickness of the Mo layer of the first multilayer film to the thickness of the Si layer is the ratio of the thickness of the Mo layer to the thickness of the Si layer of the second multilayer film.
- the multilayer reflector of the present invention since the Mo / Si multilayer is used as the multilayer, a multilayer reflector that is inexpensive, durable, and has high X-ray reflectivity can be obtained. .
- the thickness of the Mo layer of the first multilayer film is 1.2 nm to 3 nm, the increase in surface roughness due to microcrystallization of the Mo layer is suppressed, and the reflectance of the multilayer mirror is reduced. Can be suppressed.
- the internal stress of the second multilayer film is increased by the internal stress of the first multilayer film. It can be reduced by stress. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a multilayer mirror having a low internal stress in which a decrease in reflectance is suppressed.
- a third invention for achieving the above object is an X-ray light source that generates X-rays, an illumination optical system that guides X-rays from the X-ray light source to a mask, and a photosensitive substrate that transmits the X-rays from the mask.
- the internal stress can be reduced while suppressing a decrease in the reflectance of the multilayer mirror, a deterioration in optical characteristics can be prevented, and a high-performance X-ray exposure apparatus can be provided. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a structure of a multilayer mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an X-ray exposure apparatus equipped with the multilayer mirror shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a multilayer mirror used in a conventional EUVL.
- FIG. 4 shows that the MoZSi multi-layered film with a period length of 7.2 nm and the number of laminations of 50 layers is formed by sputtering while changing ⁇ (the ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the period length).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing stress of the multilayer film with respect to the angle ⁇ .
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating the structure of a conventional low-stress multilayer mirror.
- the present inventor has obtained the following findings as a result of examining the above-described problems of the conventional technology.
- a layer made of a material having a large difference between the refractive index in the soft X-ray region and the refractive index of a vacuum (a first material such as Mo) and a layer made of a small material (a second material such as Si).
- a first material such as Mo
- a second material such as Si
- Mo ZSi multi-layer the Mo layer tends to be microcrystallized, and depending on the film formation method, as the thickness of the Mo layer becomes larger, the microcrystallization becomes more remarkable and the surface roughness of the Mo layer increases.
- the surface roughness is about 0.25 nm RMS
- the reflectivity of the multilayer mirror decreases.
- the reflectance is about 70%
- the thickness of the Mo layer is about 3.
- the reflectance is about 65%
- the thickness of the Mo layer is about 4.
- a first multilayer film having a tensile stress is provided in order to reduce the compressive stress of the second multilayer film having a high reflectance.
- the thickness of the layer was increasing.
- a conventional low-stress multilayer reflector 51 has a
- the thickness of the Mo layer 5 5 1 of the multilayer film 5 5 is about 2.5 nm (7.2 nm X 0.
- the thickness of the Mo layer 57 1 of the first multilayer film 57 is about 5 nm (7.2 nm X 0.7), and the thickness of the Mo layer 5 71
- the thickness is increasing. .
- the thickness of the Mo layer is larger, the microcrystallization becomes more remarkable, so that the surface roughness due to the microcrystallization of the Mo layer 571 increases.
- the reflectance of the second multilayer film 55 formed on the first multilayer film 57 decreases. . As a result, the reflectivity of the multilayer mirror 51 was reduced.
- ⁇ is increased without increasing the thickness of the Mo layer in the first multilayer film. That is, in the multilayer reflector of the present invention, the thickness of the Mo layer of the first multilayer film is substantially the same as the thickness of the Mo layer of the second multilayer film having high reflectivity, or the Mo layer of the first multilayer film. Is thinner than the thickness of the Mo layer of the second multilayer film. Further, the thickness of the Si layer of the first multilayer film is smaller than the thickness of the Si layer of the second multilayer film.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a structure of a multilayer mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This multilayer reflector 61 has a first multilayer film 67 formed between a substrate 63 and a second multilayer film 65.
- the second multilayer film 6 5 is a Mo / S i multilayer film made of Mo layer 6 5 1 and S i layer 6 5 3, the periodic length 7.2 11 111 1 1 0.3 5, the number of stacked layers As a 50 layer pair, a high X-ray reflectivity can be obtained.
- the first multilayer film 67 is a Mo / Si multilayer film composed of the Mo layer 671 and the Si layer 673, having a period length of 3.6 nm, ⁇ of 0.7, and 8 8 layer pairs.
- a part of the multilayer mirror is horizontal and the number of layers is omitted.
- the thickness of the Mo layer 651 of the second multilayer film 65 is about 2.5 nm (7.2 nm ⁇ 0.35). Further, the thickness of the Mo layer 671 of the first multilayer film 67 is about 2.5 nm (3.6 nm X 0.7), and the thickness of the Mo layer 651 of the second multilayer film 65 It is equal to the thickness.
- multilayer The thickness may be slightly different as long as it does not affect the reflectance of the film reflecting mirror. Further, the thickness of the first material layer (Mo layer) of the first multilayer film may be smaller than the thickness of the first material layer (Mo layer) of the second multilayer film.
- the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film needs to be adjusted according to the stress required to reduce the stress of the second multilayer film, the labor required for forming the multilayer film, and the like.
- the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film is smaller than 50% of the thickness of the first material layer of the second multilayer film, formation of the multilayer film becomes difficult, The stress required to reduce the stress may not be obtained.
- the allowable value of the surface roughness due to microcrystallization (0. (About 3 nm RMS), which affects the reflectivity of the multilayer reflector.
- the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film is 50% to 120% of the thickness of the first material layer of the second multilayer film.
- the multilayer film can be formed more easily by setting the thickness of the first material layer of the first multilayer film to 75% to 115% of the thickness of the first material layer of the second multilayer film. In addition to this, it is more preferable because the surface roughness can be more reliably suppressed to an allowable value or less and the influence on the reflectance can be reduced.
- the EUV reflectance of the multilayer mirror 61 will be considered.
- the reflectivity of the Mo / Si multi-layer increases with the number of layers and saturates when the number of layers exceeds a certain number.
- the number of layers of the second multilayer film 65 is about 40 to 50 layers, which is a sufficient number of layers for the reflectance to be saturated. Therefore, even if the period length of the first multilayer film 67 below the second multilayer film 65 is not set to have a high reflectance for the wavelength of EUV 'to be used, the multilayer The EUV reflectance of the film mirror 61 is kept high.
- the thickness of the Mo layer 671 of the first multilayer film 67 is equal to the thickness of the Mo layer 651 of the second multilayer film 65. Therefore, the reflectance does not decrease due to the increase in the thickness of the Mo layer.
- the multilayer-film reflective mirror 61 according to the present invention has a high reflectivity with a decrease in EUV reflectivity suppressed.
- the internal stress of the multilayer mirror 61 will be considered.
- ⁇ is increased without changing the thickness of the Mo layer, and the period length is shortened (for example, 3.6 nm). It was confirmed that the multilayer film had tensile stress. Therefore, by combining the second multilayer film 65 having a compressive stress and the first multilayer film 67 having a tensile stress, the internal stress of the multilayer mirror 61 can be reduced. Wear. At this time, even with the same stress, the force applied to the substrate increases as the thickness of the film increases. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider only the magnitude of the stress of each multilayer film. It is good to consider “total stress”. After measuring the stresses of the individual multilayer films, the number of stacked first multilayer films 67 should be appropriately selected so that the total stress of the second multilayer film 65 and the total stress of the first multilayer film 67 are balanced. I just need to.
- the total stress T 2 of the second multilayer film 65 is
- the internal stress of the multilayer reflector 61 is canceled.
- the stress may vary depending on the number of layers, and the stress may not be completely canceled by the number of layers selected as described above. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the number of stacked first multilayer films 67 according to the residual stress. As described above, since the thickness of the Mo layer 671 of the first multilayer film 67 is not changed, the reflectivity does not decrease due to the increase in the thickness of the Mo layer.
- the second multilayer film 65 and the first multilayer film 67 are formed by using a low-voltage discharge power sword type rotary magnet cathode sputtering device (a type of direct current magnet sputtering device). Formed. Xenon (Xe) was used as the sputtering gas, the Xe gas flow was 3 sccm (0.08 Pa), the power source power was 200 W for Mo, and 400 W for Si. And In order to obtain high X-ray reflectivity, the second multilayer film 65 has a period length d 2 of 7.2 nm, ⁇ of 0.35, and the number of stacked layers N 2 of 50 layer pairs of MoZS. i Multi-layer film. The EUV reflectance of the second multilayer film 65 was measured to be about 69%. The stress S2 of the second multilayer film 65 was a compressive stress of 135 MPa.
- the first multilayer film 67 having a tensile stress has a period length d 1 force S 3.6 nm and M of 0.7
- the thickness of the Mo layer 671 of the first multilayer film 67 is made equal to the thickness of the Mo layer 651 of the second multilayer film 65.
- the number of layers N1 of the first multilayer film 67 was determined as follows.
- the total stress T 2 of the second multilayer film 65 with 50 stacked layers is
- N 1 88.
- a first multilayer film 67 having a layer number of 88 pairs is formed on a substrate 63, and a 50 layer pair having a layer number of 50 layers is formed on the first multilayer film 67.
- a second multilayer film 65 was formed. When the stress of the multilayer mirror 61 was measured, it was found to be less than 20 MPa.
- the surface roughness of the multilayer mirror 61 is about 0.26 nm RMS, which is less than the allowable value (about 0.3 nm RMS).
- the reflectance of the multilayer mirror 61 was 69%, and almost no decrease in reflectance was observed.
- This conventional multilayer reflector is, for example, a multilayer reflector 51 shown in FIG.
- the second multilayer film 55 of the multilayer mirror 51 is the same as the second multilayer film 65 of the multilayer mirror 61 of the present invention. Therefore, the total stress T 4 of the second multilayer film 55 having a stack number of 50 layers is
- the number N3 of the first multilayer films 57 required to reduce the internal stress of the multilayer reflector 51 is N3, the period length d3 of the first multilayer film 57 is 7.2 nm, and the stress S3.
- a first multi-layer film 57 having a stacking number of 30 layers is formed on a substrate 53, and a 50-layer pair having a stacking number of 50 is formed on the first multilayer film 57.
- a second multilayer film 55 was formed.
- the stress of the multilayer reflector 51 was measured, the stress was reduced to 20 MPa or less.
- the reflectivity of the multilayer mirror 51 dropped to 63%. This is because the thickness of the Mo layer 571 of the first multilayer film 57 of the multilayer mirror 51 is as thick as about 5 nm (7.2 nm X 0.7), This is probably due to the increase in surface roughness due to the formation. Therefore, when the surface roughness of the multilayer reflector 51 was measured, it was about 0.39 nm RMS, which exceeded the allowable value of the surface roughness (about .3 nm RMS). .
- the multilayer reflector 51 of FIG. 5 using the conventional stress reduction technique has a force S whose reflectivity has decreased, and the multilayer reflector 61 of FIG. It can be seen that stress can be reduced while maintaining high reflectivity. (Example 2)
- the second multilayer film 65 and the first multilayer film 67 are combined with a low-voltage discharge power source type rotary magnet cathode sputtering apparatus (a type of DC magnet port sputtering apparatus). Formed.
- the film forming conditions were such that xenon (Xe) was used as the sputtering gas, the Xe gas flow was 3 sccm (0.08 Pa), and the force source was not used.
- the power was set at 200 W for Mo and 400 W for Si.
- the second multilayer film 65 has a period length d 2 of 7.2 nm, ⁇ of 0.35, and the number of layers N 2 of 50 layer pairs of Mo.
- a ZSi multilayer film was used.
- the EUV reflectance of the second multilayer film 65 was measured to be about 69%.
- the stress S2 of the second multilayer film 65 was a compressive stress of 135 MPa.
- a Mo / Si multilayer film having a period length dl force S of 2.9 nm and a ⁇ of 0.75 is used as the first multilayer film 67 having a tensile stress.
- the thickness of the Mo layer 671 of the first multilayer film 67 is smaller than the thickness of the Mo layer 651 of the second multilayer film 65.
- the number of layers N1 of the first multilayer film 67 was determined as follows.
- the total stress T 2 of the second multilayer film 65 with 50 stacked layers is
- a first multilayer film 67 having a layer number of 144 layers is formed on a substrate 63, and a 50 layer pair having a layer number of 50 layers is formed on the first multilayer film 67.
- a second multilayer film 65 was formed.
- the surface roughness of the multilayer reflector 61 is about 0.26 nm RMS, which is less than the allowable value (about 0.3 nm RMS).
- the reflectivity of the multilayer reflector 61 was 69%, and almost no decrease in the reflectivity was observed.
- the second multilayer film 65 and the first multilayer film 67 are formed by using a low-pressure discharge power sword type rotary magnet cathode sputtering device (a type of DC magnetron sputtering device). Formed.
- the deposition conditions were as follows: xenon (Xe) was used as the sputtering gas, the Xe gas flow was 3 sccm (0.08 Pa), the power source power was 200 W at Mo, and 400 W at Si. did.
- the second multilayer film 65 has a period length d 2 of 7.2 nm, ⁇ of 0.35, and the number of layers N 2 of 50 layer pairs of Mo. / Si Multilayer film.
- the EUV reflectance of the second multilayer film 65 was measured to be about 69%.
- the second multilayer film 6 The stress S 2 of 5 was a compressive stress of 135 MPa.
- a Mo / Si multilayer film having a period length d1 of 4.6 nm and ⁇ of 0.65 is used as the first multilayer film 67 having a tensile stress.
- a stress S1 of the first multilayer film 67 was measured, it was a tensile stress of +30 OMPa.
- the number of layers N1 of the first multilayer film 67 was determined as follows.
- the total stress T 2 of the second multilayer film 65 with 50 stacked layers is
- N 1 (+ 1 2 6 N / m) no ⁇ (4.6 nm) X (+ 3 0 0 MP a) ⁇
- a first multi-layer film 67 having a 92-layer pair is formed on a substrate 63, and a 50-layer pair having a 50-layer pair is formed on the first multilayer film 67.
- a second multilayer film 65 was formed.
- the stress of the multilayer mirror 61 was measured, it was found to be less than 20 MPa. Further, by finely adjusting the number N 1 of stacked first multilayer films 67, it is possible to make the stress of the multilayer mirror 61 almost zero.
- the surface roughness of the multilayer reflector 61 is about 0.29 nm RMS, which is less than the allowable value (about 0.3 nm RMS).
- the reflectivity of the multilayer mirror 61 is 69%, Little decrease was observed. (Example 4)
- the second multilayer film 65 and the first multilayer film 67 are formed by using a low-voltage discharge force sword type rotary magnet cathode sputtering device (a type of DC magneto-port sputtering device). Formed. Xenon (Xe) was used as the sputtering gas, the Xe gas flow was 3 sccm (0.08 Pa), the power source was 200 W with Mo, and 400 W with Si. W. In order to obtain a high X-ray reflectivity, the second multilayer film 65 has a period length d 2 of 7.2 nm, ⁇ of 0.35, and the number of layers N 2 of 45 / Si multilayer film. The EUV reflectance of the second multilayer film 65 was measured to be about 69%. The stress S2 of the second multilayer film 65 was a compressive stress of 135 MPa.
- the first multilayer film 67 having a tensile stress has a period length d 1 force S 3.3 nm, and a Mo / Si of ⁇ 0.7 A multilayer film was selected.
- the thickness of the Mo layer 671 of the first multilayer film 67 is substantially equal to the thickness of the Mo layer 651 of the second multilayer film 65.
- the stress S1 of the second multilayer film 67 was measured, the tensile stress was +408 MPa.
- the number of layers N1 of the first multilayer film 67 was determined as follows.
- the total stress T 2 of the second multilayer film 65 with a layer number of 45 layers is
- a first multi-layer film 67 having a layer number of 84 is formed on a substrate 63, and a layer number of 45 is formed on the first multilayer film 67.
- a second multilayer film 65 was formed.
- the stress of the multilayer mirror 61 was measured, it was reduced to 2 OMPa or less.
- the number N 1 of stacked first multilayer films 67 it is possible to make the stress of the multilayer mirror 61 almost zero. For example, when the number of laminations N 1 of the first multilayer film 67 was set to be a pair of 130 layers, the stress of the multilayer reflector 61 could be reduced to 16 MPa.
- the surface roughness of the multilayer reflector 61 is about 0.26 nm RMS, which is less than the allowable value (about 0.3 nm RMS).
- the reflectance of the multilayer reflector 61 was 69%, and almost no decrease in reflectance was observed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the X-ray exposure apparatus of the present invention.
- This X-ray exposure apparatus is a projection exposure apparatus that uses a soft X-ray region near 13 nm wavelength (hereinafter referred to as EUV light) as an illumination light for exposure and performs an exposure operation by a step-and-scan method. is there.
- EUV light a soft X-ray region near 13 nm wavelength
- a laser light source 3 is arranged at the most upstream part of the X-ray exposure apparatus 1. Les The one light source 3 has a function of supplying laser light having a wavelength from the infrared region to the visible region. For example, a YAG laser or an excimer laser excited by a semiconductor laser is used. The laser light emitted from the laser light source 3 is condensed by a condensing optical system 5 and reaches a laser plasma light source 7 arranged below. The laser plasma light source 7 can efficiently generate X-rays having a wavelength of about 13 nm.
- a nozzle (not shown) is arranged in the laser plasma light source 7, and ejects xenon gas.
- the ejected xenon gas receives a high illuminance laser beam from a laser plasma light source 7.
- Xenon gas becomes hot due to the energy of high-intensity laser light, is excited into a plasma state, and emits EUV light when transitioning to a low-potential state. Since EUV light has a low transmittance to the atmosphere, its optical path is covered by a chamber (vacuum chamber) 9 to block outside air. Since debris is generated from the nozzle that discharges xenon gas, it is necessary to arrange the chamber 9 separately from other chambers.
- a rotating parabolic reflector 11 coated with a MoZSi multilayer film is arranged above the laser plasma light source 7, a rotating parabolic reflector 11 coated with a MoZSi multilayer film is arranged. X-rays radiated from the laser plasma light source 7 is incident on the parabolic reflector 1 1, a wavelength of about 1 3 1 1 111: ⁇ only lines are reflected in parallel toward a lower exposure apparatus 1 .
- a visible light power X-ray transmission filter 13 made of beryllium (Be) having a thickness of 0.15 ⁇ is disposed below the paraboloid of reflection mirror 11. Of the X-rays reflected by the parabolic reflector 11, only the desired 13: 1 111 passes through the transmission filter 13. The vicinity of the transmission filter 13 is covered with the champ 15 to block outside air.
- Be beryllium
- An exposure sculpture 33 is provided below the transmission filter 13. Below the transmission filter 13 in the exposure chamber 33, the illumination optics 17 Is arranged.
- the illumination optical system 17 is composed of a condenser mirror, a fly-optical mirror, and the like. The X-rays input from the transmission filter 13 are shaped into an arc, and Irradiate toward.
- An X-ray reflecting mirror 19 is disposed on the left side of the drawing of the illumination optical system 17.
- the X-ray reflecting mirror 19 is a circular rotating parabolic mirror having a concave reflecting surface 19a on the right side of the figure, and is vertically held by a holding member.
- the X-ray reflecting mirror 19 is made of a quartz substrate on which the reflecting surface 19a is processed with high precision.
- On the reflecting surface 19a a multilayer film of Mo and Si having a high reflectivity of X-rays having a wavelength of 13 nm is formed.
- ruthenium (Ru) and rhodium (Rh), Si, Be, and carbon tetraboride (B4C) May be used as a multilayer film.
- the optical path bending reflecting mirror 21 is disposed diagonally.
- a reflective mask 23 is horizontally arranged such that the reflective surface is downward.
- the X-rays emitted from the illumination optical system 17 are reflected and condensed by the X-ray reflector 19, and then reach the reflection surface of the reflection type mask 23 via the optical path bending reflector 21.
- a reflective film made of a multilayer film is also formed on the reflective surface of the reflective mask 23.
- a mask pattern corresponding to the pattern to be transferred to the wafer 29 is formed on this reflection film.
- the reflective mask 23 is fixed to a mask stage 25 illustrated above the mask.
- the mask stage 25 is movable at least in the Y direction, and sequentially irradiates the mask 23 with the X-rays reflected by the optical path bending reflecting mirror 21.
- the projection optical system 27 includes a plurality of reflecting mirrors and the like, reduces the pattern on the reflective mask 23 to a predetermined reduction magnification (for example, 1 ⁇ 4), and forms an image on the wafer 29.
- a predetermined reduction magnification for example, 1 ⁇ 4
- C 29 is a wafer that can move in XYZ directions It is fixed to the stage 31 by suction or the like.
- the exposure chamber 33 is provided with a preliminary exhaust chamber 37 (open-lock chamber) via a gate valve 35.
- a vacuum pump 39 is connected to the preliminary exhaust chamber 37, and the preliminary pump chamber 39 is evacuated by the operation of the vacuum pump 39.
- the illumination optical system 17 irradiates the reflection surface of the reflective mask 23 with EUV light.
- the reflective mask 23 and the wafer 29 are relatively synchronously driven with respect to the reflection projection optical system 27 at a predetermined speed ratio determined by the reduction magnification of the projection optical system.
- the entire circuit pattern of the reflective mask 23 is transferred to each of the plurality of shot areas on the mask 29 by the step-and-scan method.
- the chip 29 has a size of, for example, 25.times.25 mm square, and a pattern of 0.071110.3 can be exposed on the resist.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP18168175.0A EP3389056A1 (en) | 2003-06-02 | 2004-05-24 | Multilayer film reflector and x-ray exposure system |
JP2005506748A JP4356696B2 (ja) | 2003-06-02 | 2004-05-24 | 多層膜反射鏡及びx線露光装置 |
EP04734613A EP1630856B1 (en) | 2003-06-02 | 2004-05-24 | Mutilayer film reflector and x-ray exposure system |
US11/272,610 US7203275B2 (en) | 2003-06-02 | 2005-11-14 | Multilayer film reflector and X-ray exposure system |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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JP2003-156212 | 2003-06-02 | ||
JP2003156212 | 2003-06-02 | ||
JP2004045771 | 2004-02-23 | ||
JP2004-045771 | 2004-02-23 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/272,610 Continuation US7203275B2 (en) | 2003-06-02 | 2005-11-14 | Multilayer film reflector and X-ray exposure system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004109778A1 true WO2004109778A1 (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
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ID=33513356
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PCT/JP2004/007410 WO2004109778A1 (ja) | 2003-06-02 | 2004-05-24 | 多層膜反射鏡及びx線露光装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7203275B2 (ja) |
EP (4) | EP3389056A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4356696B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004109778A1 (ja) |
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JP2014523118A (ja) * | 2011-06-22 | 2014-09-08 | カール・ツァイス・エスエムティー・ゲーエムベーハー | Euvリソグラフィ用の反射光学素子を製造する方法 |
US9733580B2 (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2017-08-15 | Carl Zeiss Smt Gmbh | Method for producing a reflective optical element for EUV-lithography |
JP2016504631A (ja) * | 2013-01-11 | 2016-02-12 | カール・ツァイス・エスエムティー・ゲーエムベーハー | Euvミラー及びeuvミラーを備える光学システム |
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EP2854159A1 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
EP1630856A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
US7203275B2 (en) | 2007-04-10 |
US20060062348A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
EP2854159B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
JPWO2004109778A1 (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
JP4356696B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
EP1630856A4 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
EP2490227B1 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
EP1630856B1 (en) | 2012-06-13 |
EP2490227A1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
EP3389056A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
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