WO2004106406A1 - ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004106406A1 WO2004106406A1 PCT/JP2004/007573 JP2004007573W WO2004106406A1 WO 2004106406 A1 WO2004106406 A1 WO 2004106406A1 JP 2004007573 W JP2004007573 W JP 2004007573W WO 2004106406 A1 WO2004106406 A1 WO 2004106406A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polycarbonate
- catalyst
- group
- producing
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/20—General preparatory processes
- C08G64/36—General preparatory processes using carbon monoxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a catalyst for producing polycarbonate and a method for producing polycarbonate. More specifically, the present invention relates to a high-quality polycarbonate useful as a resin material in electric / electronic fields, automobile fields, optical component fields, structural material fields, and the like. The present invention relates to a catalyst for efficiently producing methane in consideration of the environment and a method for producing the polycarbonate.
- Landscape technology
- a method is also known in which a diester carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate is used as a force ruponyl source to heat and melt and react (melting method). Heating is necessary for melting, and there is a problem that the polycarbonate obtained by heating to a high temperature is colored.
- this method can obtain a polycarbonate having a high degree of polymerization, but requires two reaction steps. Also, since the palladium compound dissolves in the solvent (homogeneous catalyst), it may form palladium (0) clusters and deactivate, and it is difficult to separate the catalyst, and the metal component is made of polycarbonate. It is easy to remain inside. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the polycarbonate production method, to provide a polycarbonate production catalyst which can be easily separated from polycarbonate and which can be used repeatedly, and to use the catalyst.
- the objective is to efficiently produce high-quality polycarbonate without using harmful chlorine gas and phosgene, and halogenated organic solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform which are considered to have an adverse effect on the environment.
- the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, a catalyst obtained by reacting a catalyst support containing nitrogen or phosphorus with a palladium compound and a metal compound having a redox catalytic ability has been obtained.
- the present inventors have found that high-quality polycarbonate can be efficiently produced with consideration for the environment by using this catalyst because it can be easily separated from polycarbonate and can be used repeatedly.
- the present invention has been achieved.
- the present invention provides the following catalyst for producing polycarbonate and a method for producing polycarbonate.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a monoalkyl group, p is from 0 to 4, and n is from 5 to 100.
- the catalyst carrier containing nitrogen or phosphorus is a compound obtained by partially quaternizing nitrogen or phosphorus of an organic or inorganic carrier with an alkyl halide. Catalyst for production of metal.
- the polycarbonate of (4) wherein the organic carrier of (5) or (a) is at least one selected from diphenylphosphinopolystyrene, poly (4-vinylpyridine) and poly (2-vinylpyridine) Catalyst for production.
- the catalyst for producing polycarbonate of the present invention comprises a reaction product of (a) a catalyst carrier containing nitrogen or phosphorus, (b) a palladium compound and (c) a metal compound having a redox catalytic activity. It is a catalyst for the production of polyphenols, characterized by containing
- the catalyst carrier containing nitrogen or phosphorus for fixing palladium of a catalyst for producing polycarbonate and a metal having a redox catalytic activity include (a-1) a bulpyridine polymer and (a-2) ) Catalyst carriers selected from polyvinylpyrrolidone and diphenylphosphinopolystyrene; (a-3) Compounds obtained by partially quaternizing nitrogen or phosphorus on organic or inorganic carriers with alkyl halides.
- the vinylpyridine polymer is a polymer represented by the following general formula (1).
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
- p is 0 to 4 and n is 5 to 1000.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the general formula (I) include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and an n-butyl group. Group, isobutyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group and the like.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and the arylalkyl group (aralkyl group) having 7 to 20 carbon atoms include phenyl group, naphthyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, and mesityl. And benzyl groups.
- Polymers for immobilizing such palladium and metals having a redox catalytic activity include general radical polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine, 3-bulpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine and their aromatic ring-substituted derivatives. Obtained, poly (2-bulpyridine), poly (3-vinylpyridine), poly (4-bulpyridine), poly (6-methyl_2-vinylpyridine), poly (5-methyl-2-vinylpyridine) , Poly (5-ethyl-2-vinylpyridine) and the like can be used. Of these, poly (4-vinylpyridine) is preferred. Also, these polymers One may be a linear one or a crosslinked one.
- Immobilization (complex formation) of palladium and a metal having a redox catalytic ability can be obtained by mixing at room temperature in a solvent in which the metal salt dissolves.
- a solvent in which the metal salt dissolves For example, poly (4-vinylpyridine) is dissolved in dichloromethane, and a solution of dichlorobis (benzonitryl) ino and radium (°) in dichloromethane is added. Then, an acetate solution of cobalt (II) chloride is added. By adding, an immobilized catalyst (complex) can be obtained.
- the immobilized structure which has not been confirmed, is considered to be as shown below.
- a-2 a carrier selected from polyvinylpyrrolidone and diphenylphosphopolystyrene;
- Polyvinylpyrrolidone is represented by the following general formula.
- the molecular weight of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is not particularly limited, it is usually about 100,000 to 200,000, and the polyvinylpyrrolidone may be a linear type or a crosslinked type. Absent. n indicates the degree of polymerization and is a value such that the molecular weight falls within the above range. Further, diphenylphosphinopolystyrene is represented by the following general formula.
- PS represents polystyrene
- diphenylphosphinopolystyrene has a structure in which triphenylphosphine is bonded to various types of polystyrene beads, and a structure in which diphenylphosphino groups are bonded in an amount of about 1 to 5 millimoles per gram of a catalyst carrier. It can be used, and commercially available products such as those manufactured by Argonaut are available. In general, polystyrene is crosslinked by copolymerization with divinylbenzene.
- Immobilization of palladium and a metal having a redox catalytic activity can be performed, for example, by dissolving or suspending polyvinylpyrrolidone or diphenylphosphinopolystyrene in a suitable solvent, and dissolving a palladium compound.
- the reaction can be carried out by mixing the resulting solution at room temperature.
- the immobilized structure has not been confirmed, it is considered that when polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as the catalyst carrier, the structure is as shown below.
- Organic carriers capable of quaternizing nitrogen or phosphorus with an alkyl halide include diphenylphosphinopolystyrene, poly-4-butylpyridine, poly-2-vinylpyridine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, bipyridino-polystyrene, N, N- (diisopropyl) aminomethylpolystyrene, N_ (methylpolystyrene) -4- (methylamino) pyridine, N, N-jetano-luminomethyl-polystyrene, and the like.
- the inorganic carrier is diphenylphosphine. No.
- R-X alkyl halide
- R is methyl, ethyl, n- ⁇ -pill, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n —Pentyl, n-hexyl, benzyl, etc.
- X includes bromine, chlorine, iodine.
- Alkyl halides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the quaternization reaction of the organic carrier or the inorganic carrier may be performed by a general method, for example, by heating the carrier and the alkyl halide in a solvent.
- the solvent at this time is not particularly limited, and methanol, ethanol, DMF, THF, or the like is used, and methanol is preferred.
- poly (vinylvinylpyridine) is converted to alkyl halide (R--X).
- R--X alkyl halide
- the immobilization of palladium and a metal having a redox catalytic ability is performed by mixing at room temperature in a solvent in which the metal salt dissolves.
- a solvent in which the metal salt dissolves For example, a partly quaternized diphenylphosphinopolystyrene (PS-TPP) is suspended in acetate, and dichlorobis (benzonitrile) palladium (II) acetate is added to the suspension. The solution is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature. After the color of the palladium in the acetate solution has disappeared, an acetate solution of kovar chloride ( ⁇ ) is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature to obtain an immobilized catalyst.
- the component (b) may be any compound as long as it contains a palladium atom.
- palladium compounds include general palladium chloride (11), palladium bromide (11), carbonyl palladium chloride, palladium (II) acetate, and the like, as well as dichlorobis (acetonitrile).
- Palladium ((), dichlorobis (benzonitrile) palladium ( ⁇ ) and the like are used. These palladium compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- (C) Metal compound having redox catalytic ability examples include lanthanide, transition metals of Groups 5 to 7 of the periodic table, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, and the like, with cobalt being preferred.
- cobalt compound cobalt chloride (11), cobalt acetate (II) and the like are suitable. Among them, cobalt chloride ( ⁇ ) is preferred. The amount used is about 0.5 to 100 mol per mol of palladium.
- These metals having redox catalytic activity may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The immobilization of palladium and a metal having a redox catalytic ability is performed by the method described in the description of each catalyst carrier.
- immobilized catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, it may be used in combination with a metal compound supported on an inorganic layered compound, a palladium compound not immobilized, or the like.
- the catalyst for producing a polycarbonate of the present invention may contain, as necessary, an ionic salt which is considered to activate the hydroxy compound (provided that the catalyst support is (a — Except in the case of (3) where a compound obtained by partially quaternizing nitrogen or phosphorus of an organic or inorganic carrier with an alkyl halide is used).
- ammonium salt examples include an ammonium salt, an oxonium salt, a sulfonium salt, a phosphonium salt, and a selenonium salt.
- ammonium salts and phosphonium salts are preferred.
- the ammonium salt tetra (n-butyl) ammonium bromide, bis (triphenylphosphorayliden) ammonium bromide and the like are used. Tetra (n-butyl) phosphonium bromide, tetraphenylphosphonium bromide and the like are used as the phosphonium salt.
- O Niumu amount of salt is to heat Dorokishi compound, 0.1 mole 0/0 approximately than I just need to go up.
- Organic redox agents added as needed include hydroquinone, benzoquinone, ⁇ -naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, catechol, 2,2'-biphenol, 4,4 ' -Biphenol and the like. These redox agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount used is about 0.5 to 100 mol per mol of palladium.
- Molecular sieves, zeolite, etc. are used as a dehydrating agent added as needed, and there is no particular limitation. Among them, a molecular sieve of synthetic zeolite is preferable. A-3 and A-4 are preferred, and A-3 is more preferred.
- a co-catalyst can be added for the purpose of improving catalytic activity, selectivity to a target product, yield or life.
- Any cocatalyst can be used as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction, but heteropolyacids and heteropolyacids such as onium salts are preferably used.
- heteropolyacid include lintungstic acid, lymmolybdic acid, gay tandastanoic acid, gamolybdic acid, ring tomolybdic acid, gay tongs tomolybdic acid, limpanad molybdic acid, and the like.
- the method includes a second step of producing a polycarbonate by solid-phase polymerization of a carbonate prepolymer, and uses the above-mentioned catalyst for producing a polycarbonate in the first step.
- various conventionally known aromatic dihydroxy compounds can be used as a raw material, and the aromatic dihydroxy compound can be appropriately selected depending on the kind of a desired polycarbonate.
- the aromatic dihydroxy compound is represented by the general formula ( ⁇ )
- R 1 and R 2 are each a halogen atom (eg, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine), an alkoxy group, an ester group, a propyloxyl group, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or Total carbon number 6 ⁇
- halogen atom eg, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine
- An aromatic group which may have an alkyl group on the ring 20 and may be bonded to any of the 0_ and m_ positions.
- each of R 1 and R 2 is plural, each of R ′ and R 2 may be the same or different, and a and b are each an integer of 0 to 4.
- Y is a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkylidene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 5 to 15 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylidene group having 5 to 15 carbon atoms, —S—, One SO—, -S 0 —, — ⁇ One, One CO—bond or general formula
- Aromatic dihydroxy compounds (divalent phenols) having 12 to 37 carbon atoms represented by the following formula:
- 2,2_bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane [bisphenol A] is preferred.
- Other divalent phenols other than bisphenol A include 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane; 1,1_bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane; 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) Fluorene; 9,9-bis (3-methyl-1-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) dichloroalkane; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone; bis ( 4- (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxide: bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ether; bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) compound other than bisphenol A such as bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ketone or 2,2-bis (3,5-dibromo_4-hydroxyphenyl) prononone; 1 2 - bis (3, 5-d
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, particularly an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- aromatic dihydroxy compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- p-tert-butyl phenol and phenol are preferred.
- the amount used is usually in the range of 5 to 70 mol% based on the aromatic dihydroxy compound.
- the phenol may be used alone or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- the carbon monoxide to be reacted with the aromatic dihydroxy compound and the monovalent phenol in the first step may be a simple substance, but may be an inert gas. It may be diluted or a mixed gas with hydrogen.
- the oxygen that is similarly reacted in the first step may be pure oxygen or may be diluted with an inert gas, for example, an oxygen-containing gas such as air.
- solvents useful as non-halogen solvents include compounds having a carbonate linkage.
- propylene carbonate is preferred.
- These carbonate solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the reaction temperature in the production of prepolymers by oxidative carbonylation is 30 to 180 ° C, preferably 50 to 150 ° C (: more preferably 80 to 120 ° C). If the temperature exceeds 180 ° C., side reactions such as decomposition reactions increase, and the color tends to be increased. If the temperature is lower than 30 ° C., the reaction rate is reduced, which is not practical.
- the reaction pressure is generally set to a pressurized state because a gaseous raw material such as carbon monoxide or oxygen is used, and the partial pressure of carbon monoxide is 1 X 10 _ 2 to 20.
- MP a preferably in the range of 1 x 1 0- 2 ⁇ 1 O MF a
- the oxygen partial pressure is 1 X 1 0_ 2 ⁇ 1 0 MF a, preferably 1 x 1 0- 2 ⁇ 5 M
- it is desirable to adjust the oxygen partial pressure so that the gas composition in the reaction system is out of the explosion range. If the reaction pressure is too low, the reaction speed will decrease, and if the pressure is too high, the reactor will become large.
- construction costs are high and economically disadvantageous.
- the partial pressure is not particularly limited, but may be appropriately used within a practical pressure range.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 to 48 hours, preferably 2 to 36 hours, and more preferably 3 to 24 hours in the case of a batch system. If it is less than 1 hour, the yield is low, and if it exceeds 48 hours, no improvement in yield can be seen.
- the reaction system for the production of prepolymer is a batch system, a semi-continuous system in which raw materials and catalyst are continuously charged, and a continuous system in which raw materials and catalyst are continuously charged and reaction products are continuously extracted. It is possible.
- the polycarbonate prepolymer prepared in the first step is subjected to solid-state polymerization to produce a polycarbonate.
- a quaternary phosphonium salt is preferably used as a catalyst.
- the quaternary phosphonium salt used in the solid-phase polymerization is not particularly limited, and includes various salts.
- the following general formula ( ⁇ 1) or (IV) is not particularly limited, and includes various salts.
- the following general formula ( ⁇ 1) or (IV) is not particularly limited, and includes various salts.
- the following general formula ( ⁇ 1) or (IV) is not particularly limited, and includes various salts.
- R 3 represents an organic group.
- the organic group include a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms having or not having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms having or not having a substituent, or And represents an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms with or without a substituent.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, sec monobutyl group, tert-butyl group, n or isopentyl group, n or isohexyl group, n or isooctyl group, n or isodecyl group, n or isododecyl group, n or isotetradecyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclo Examples include a hexyl group and a methylcyclohexyl group. Examples of the substituent of these alkyl groups include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an arylalkoxy group, and an acyloxy group.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group and a biphenyl group.
- Examples of the substituent for these aryl groups include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an arylalkoxy group and an acyloxy group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms include a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, and a naphthylmethyl group.
- aralkyl groups examples include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an arylalkoxy group, and an acyloxy group.
- the four R 3 's may be the same or different, and two R 3' s may combine to form a ring structure.
- R represents a hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group and a aryl group, and the two R ′ ′s may be the same or different.
- a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group or an aryl group, and four R ′′ s may be the same or different.
- Y 1 is a divalent Anion formation capable group such as C 0 3.
- X 2 heat Dorokishi de; Borohi drill de; Te tiger phenylene Rupore DOO; Arukiruto Li Fuweniruporeto; formate; ⁇ cetearyl Ichito; Purobione Ichito; butyrate; Furuori de; black Li de; human One example is Doro Riki Ponate. Further, as a specific example of gamma 1, and the like carbonates.
- quaternary phosphonium salts represented by the aforementioned general formulas ( ⁇ ) and (IV) include tetraphenylphosphonium hydroxyde, tetranaphthylphosphonium hydroxyde, tetra (chlorophenyl) ) Phosphodumhydroxide, tetra (biphenyl) phosphoniumhydroxide, tetrathrylphosphonidhydroxide, tetramethylphosphonidoxide, tetrathylphosphonidoxide, tetraisopropylphosphonidoxide Tetra (aryl or alkyl) phosphonium hydroxides such as hydroxide, tetrabutyl phosphonium hydroxide, tetrahexyl phosphonium hydroxide, and tetracyclohexyl phosphonium hydroxide , Methyltriphenylphosphine Demonhydroxide, ethyl triphen
- Tetra (alkyl or aryl) such as triphenyl borate, tetra (biphenyl) phosphonimate tetraphenyl borate, tetra triphosphonium tetraphenyl borate, etc.
- Phosphonium methylene triphenyl borate methyl triphenyl phosphonimidyl tetraphenyl Volatile, ethyl phenylphosphonium tetrazole ester, propyl Triphenylphosphonimidate trifonylborate, butyltriphenylphosphonimidate trifolate, octyltrifenylphosphonimidate trifolate, tetradecyl rifinylphosphonylfoshonimtetrafenylfolate, cyclopentylfonifolate Hexyl triphenyl phosphonium dimethyl triborate, benzyl triphenyl phosphonium dimethyl sulfate, ethoxy benzyl triphenyl phospho dimethyl phosphate, methoxymethyl triphenyl phospho dimethyl tetraphenyl phosphate, acetate methoxy tetramethyl phosphate Nilp
- aryloxy groups such as alkyltriphenyl borate and phenoxide, alkyloxy groups such as methoxide and ethoxide, formate, acetate and propionate are used.
- quaternary phosphonium salts using halogen atoms such as alkylcarbonyloxy groups such as benzoyl and butylates, aryloxy groups such as benzoates, and chlorides and promides.
- those having a divalent anion represented by the general formula (IV) for example, bis (tetrafluorophosphonium) carbonate, bis (biphenyl nitrate) Quaternary phosphonium salts such as carbonates, and, for example, bis-tetraphenylphosphonium salts of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, ethylene bis (triphenyl) (Phosphonium) jib mouth mit, trimethylenebis (triphenylphosphonium) -bis (tetrafluorophenolate) and the like.
- bis (tetrafluorophosphonium) carbonate for example, bis (tetrafluorophosphonium) carbonate, bis (biphenyl nitrate) Quaternary phosphonium salts such as carbonates, and, for example, bis-tetraphenylphosphonium salts of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, ethylene bis (triphenyl) (Phosphonium) jib
- phosphonium salts having an alkyl group specifically, tetramethylphosphonate salts, are preferred because of their high catalytic activity, easy thermal decomposition, and difficulty in remaining in the polymer.
- Tetraalkylphosphonium salts have a relatively low decomposition temperature, so they are easily decomposed and are unlikely to remain as impurities in the product polycarbonate.
- Tetraalkylphosphonium salts since it has a small number of carbon atoms, it is possible to reduce the basic unit in the production of polycarbonate, which is preferable in terms of cost.
- tetraphenylylphosphoniumtetraphenylporate is preferably used.
- cyclohexyl triphenylphosphonium dimethyl tetraborate / cyclopentyl triphenyl phosphonimethylene triborate can be preferably used because it has an excellent balance between the catalytic effect and the quality of the obtained polycarbonate.
- reaction catalyst in this solid phase polymerization preferably a quaternary phosphonium salt and other catalysts are used, if necessary.However, the remaining one added in the prepolymer production step and used as it is, or The catalyst may be added again in powder, liquid or gaseous form.
- the reaction temperature T p (° C) and reaction time for carrying out this solid-state polymerization reaction depend on the type (chemical structure, molecular weight, etc.) and shape of the crystallized pre-polymer, the presence or absence of the catalyst in the crystallized pre-polymer, and the type.
- the amount, the type or amount of the catalyst added as necessary, the degree of crystallization of the crystallized pre-polymer and the difference in the melting temperature T m ′ (° C.), the required degree of polymerization of the target aromatic polycarbonate it depends on other reaction conditions and the like, it is preferable that the temperature be in a range of not less than the glass transition humidity of the target aromatic polycarbonate, and a range in which the crystallized prepolymer in the solid-state polymerization is maintained in a solid state without melting. More preferably, the following formula (V)
- the solid-state polymerization reaction is carried out by heating at a temperature in the range shown by 1 minute to 100 hours, preferably about 0.1 to 50 hours.
- Such a temperature range is preferably about 150 to 260 ° C., for example, in the case of producing a bisphenol A polycarbonate. About 180-245 ° C is preferred.
- heat is applied to the polymer being polymerized as uniformly as possible, and stirring, rotation of the reactor itself, or fluidization with a heated gas are performed in order to promote the removal of by-products.
- the method is preferably used.
- the weight average molecular weight of an industrially useful aromatic polycarbonate is about 600 to 200,000, and by carrying out the solid phase polymerization step, a polycarbonate having such a polymerization degree can be obtained. Can be easily obtained.
- the crystallinity of the aromatic polycarbonate obtained by solid-state polymerization of the crystallized prepolymer is higher than the crystallinity of the prepolymer before polymerization.
- a group polycarbonate powder is obtained.
- the crystalline aromatic polycarbonate powder can be directly pelletized by being introduced into an extruder without cooling, or can be directly introduced into a molding machine without being cooled and molded.
- the ratio between the prepolymerization and the solid-phase polymerization that contribute to the polymerization may be appropriately changed as necessary.
- the polymerization method in the swollen solid phase state is a method in which the prepolymer polymerized by the above method is further polymerized by solid phase polymerization in a state swollen by a swelling gas described later.
- a polymer (oligocarbonate) which is swollen by a swelling gas is used.
- Degassing or extracting and removing low-molecular compounds has a higher mass transfer rate than degassing or extracting from high-viscosity molten polymers or crystallized solids. It is.
- the swelling solvent used here is a single swelling solvent capable of swelling the polycarbonate under the following reaction conditions, a mixture of the single swelling solvents, or a simple swelling solvent or a mixture of the same with a poor polycarbonate solvent.
- the swelling state in this step refers to a state in which the pre-polymer flakes, which are the reaction raw materials, are increased in volume or weight above the thermal swelling value within the range of the reaction conditions described below.
- a single compound or a mixture thereof having a boiling point of completely vaporizing within the range of the following reaction conditions, or a vapor pressure of usually 6.7 kPa or more, and capable of simultaneously forming the above-mentioned swelling state. Say what you can do.
- Such a swelling solvent is not particularly limited as long as the above swelling conditions are satisfied.
- an aromatic compound or an oxygen-containing compound having a solubility parameter in the range of 4 to 20 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 , preferably in the range of 14 to 14 (cal / cm 3 ) 12 is preferable.
- the swelling solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, getylbenzene, propylbenzene and dipropylbenzene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; methylethylketone and methylisobutylketone. And other ketones.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, getylbenzene, propylbenzene and dipropylbenzene
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxan
- the conditions of the poor solvent mixed with the swelling solvent are as follows: under the following reaction conditions, the solubility of the polycarbonate in the solvent is 0.1% by weight or less, and the linear or branched chain is less likely to be involved in the reaction. A saturated hydrocarbon compound having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having the formula or an unsaturated hydrocarbon compound having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a low degree is preferred. If the boiling points of the swelling solvent and the poor solvent both exceed 250 ° C., it becomes difficult to remove the residual solvent, and the quality may deteriorate, which is not preferable.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 100 to 240 ° C., and the pressure during the reaction is preferably 1330 Pa to 0.5 MFa′G, particularly preferably. Or at atmospheric pressure. If the reaction temperature is lower than the above range, the ester exchange reaction does not proceed, and if the reaction temperature is higher than the melting point of prepolymer, the solid state cannot be maintained, and phenomena such as fusion between particles occur, and the operation Workability is significantly reduced. Therefore, the reaction temperature must be lower than the melting point.
- the swelling solvent gas may be supplied to the reactor in a liquid state and vaporized in the reactor, or may be supplied to the reactor after being vaporized by a heat exchanger or the like in advance.
- As the gas supply amount it is preferable to supply a gas of 0.5 liter (standard state) / hr or more per 1 g of prepolymer, to the reactor.
- the flow rate of the swelling solvent gas is closely related to the reaction rate, and acts as a heat carrier at the same time as the phenol removal effect. Therefore, the reaction rate increases as the gas flow rate increases.
- the reactor used for such swelling solid-state polymerization is not particularly limited.
- the polycarbonate production catalyst of the present invention is obtained by immobilizing a palladium compound and a metal compound having a redox catalytic activity by using the above-mentioned catalyst carrier, and after the reaction is completed, is easily separated by filtration together with a dehydrating agent and dried. The amount of residual metal in the obtained polycarbonate is very small.
- a polycarbonate having a high molecular weight is obtained by the above-described two-stage production process, so that a high-quality polycarbonate can be efficiently produced.
- the catalyst system of the present invention is useful not only for dihydroxy compounds but also for mono-hydroxy compounds, and can be applied to the synthesis of difluorocarbonyl.
- the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples, and Reference Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Absent. The reference example shows a case where the recovered catalyst is reused.
- Mn weight-average molecular weight
- Mw weight-average molecular weight
- the sample was prepared with five samples of 00, 9890, and 350500.
- Detector Ultraviolet (U V) detector
- the turnover number (T ON) for palladium was calculated by dividing the number of moles of bisphenol A by the number of moles of charged palladium, and multiplying that value by the yield.
- Example 1 (1) instead of poly (4-vinylpyridine), poly (2-butylpyridine) (manufactured by Koei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Mw: 1)
- Example 1 (1) The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 (1) except that 800.sup.0) was used.
- the desired immobilized catalyst B was obtained in a yield of 1.83 g.
- Example 1 (2) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 (2) except that the immobilized catalyst B obtained in (1) was used instead of the immobilized catalyst A.
- Table 1 shows the yield and molecular weight (M n, M w) of the obtained polycarbonate prepolymer.
- Example 1 instead of poly (4-butylpyridine) and 26 g, poly (6-methyl-2-bulpyridine) (manufactured by Koei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Mw: 5800) 1 Example 1 except that 4.3 g was used. This was performed in the same manner as (1). The desired immobilized catalyst C was obtained in a yield of 2.12 g.
- Example 1 (2) except that in Example 1 (2), immobilized catalyst C obtained in the above (1) was replaced by 56.4 mg instead of immobilized catalyst A: 52.5 mg. Was carried out in the same manner as described above. Table 1 shows the yield and molecular weight (Mn, Mw) of the obtained polycarbonate prepolymer.
- Example 2 The synthetic zeolite and the immobilized catalyst separated in Example 1 (2) were vacuum dried at 130 ° C. for 24 hours.
- 625 mmo 1, benzoquinone 0.125 mmo 1, and propylene carbonate 10 m 1 were added, and carbon monoxide 6.
- OMPa and oxygen 0.3 MPa were sealed at 25 ° C. After sealing, the container was closed and heated at 100 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Table 2 shows the molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and of the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Example 4 it carried out similarly to Example 4 except not having used p-tert-butyl phenol.
- Table 2 shows the molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Second step polycarbonate M n M w M n M w Example 4 2 4 4 0 4 0 4 0 1 1 5 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 Comparative example 1 3 3 3 0 5 6 8 0 3 8 0 0 7 0 3 0
- Bisphenol A 4.16 mmol, immobilized catalyst D obtained in (1): 27.O mg, tetrabutylammonium bromide 0.31 in a 30 ml autoclave.
- 3 mm o 1, benzoquinone 0.3 3 13 mm 0
- Synthetic zeolite A-3 powder (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, particle size: less than 75 m) 1.0 g, propylene carbonate 10 m 1
- Add carbon monoxide 6.0 MPa and oxygen 0.3 MFa were sealed at 25 ° C. After sealing, the container was closed and heated at 100 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Example 5 (2) was the same as Example 5 (2) except that the immobilized catalyst D produced in the above (1) was replaced by 93.7 mg instead of the immobilized catalyst D: 27.0 mg. The same was performed.
- Table 3 shows the yield, molecular weight (Mn, Mw) and turnover number (TON) for the resulting polycarbonate.
- Example 8 Yield (%) M n M w TON Example 5 8 3 4 1 8 0 7 3 0 0 2 7 6 Example 6 8 0 3 8 7 0 6 7 4 0 2 6 6 6 Example 7 7 8 3 6 8 0 6 5 8 0 1 9 0 Example 8 7 0 3 3 2 0 5 5 1 0 1 4 6 2 (Example 9)
- Table 4 shows the molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Example 9 The first step of Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as Example 9 except that bisphenol A: 12.48 mmo 1 was used without using P-tert-butylphenol.
- Table 4 shows the molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Second step polycarbonate Mn Mw Mn Mw Example 9 3 0 0 0 4 6 0 0 2 9 0 0 5 9 0 0 0 0 Comparative example 2 4 0 7 0 7 2 1 0 5 0 0 0 8 1 0 0
- Table 5 shows the yields and molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the obtained polycarbonates and the total number of particles (p / n) relative to palladium.
- the amount of residual palladium in the polycarbonate was less than 25 ppm (measurement limit).
- Example 10 was the same as Example 10 except that the immobilized catalyst F was reduced to 110 mg, tetrabutylammonium bromide 0.313 mm01, and benzoquinone 0.313 mm01. Performed similarly to 10.
- Table 5 shows the yield, molecular weight (Mn, Mw) and turnover number (T ON) for palladium of the obtained polycarbonate.
- the amount of residual palladium in the polycarbonate was not more than 25 ppm (measurement limit).
- Example 10 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the immobilized catalyst F was reduced to 43.9 mg and the benzoquinone was reduced to 0.125 mm 01.
- Table 5 shows the yield, molecular weight (Mn, Mw) and turnover number (T ON) for palladium of the obtained polycarbonate.
- the amount of residual palladium in the polycarbonate was not more than 25 ppm (measurement limit).
- Example 10 the synthetic zeolite and the immobilized catalyst separated after the completion of the reaction were vacuum-dried at 130 ° C. for 24 hours.
- Table 6 shows the molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Example 13 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 13 except that bisphenol A: 12.48 mm 01 was used without using p-tert-butylphenol.
- Table 6 shows the molecular weights (Mn, Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Diphenylphosphinopolystyrene (PS-TPP from Argonaut, TPP: 2.22 mimol / g, lot. No.02689) in a 200 ml autoclave 5.0 g, 7 O ml of methanol and 1.52 g of 1-bromobutane were added, purged with nitrogen, heated to 100 ° C, and stirred for 48 hours. Then, it cooled to room temperature. It was collected by filtration, washed with a large amount of methanol to remove unreacted 1-promobutane, and dried under vacuum at 80 ° C for 24 hours. The yield was 6.25 g. 82% of phosphine is quaternized from the increased amount.
- Example 14 (3) was carried out in the same manner as Example 14 (3), except that benzoquinone was not added.
- the color of the poly-iron ponate powder visually was white.
- the amount of residual palladium in the polycarbonate was not more than 25 ppm.
- Table 7 shows the yield (%), number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the obtained polycarbonate.
- Example 14 (1) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 14 (1) except that the amount of 1-bromobutane used was changed to 1.29 g. The yield was 6.0 g. From the increased amount, 66% of phosphine has been quaternized.
- Example 14 (3) instead of 5 mg of the immobilized catalyst G 245 obtained in Example 14 (1), use 8 mg of the immobilized catalyst H2 obtained in (1) above. Other than that, it carried out similarly to Example 14 (3). Visually, the color of the polycarbonate powder was light yellow. The yield (%) of the obtained polycarbonate, the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight number average molecule Table 7 shows the amounts (Mw). (Example 17)
- Example 16 (3) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 16 (3) except that benzoquinone was not added. Visually, the color of the polycarbonate powder was white. Table 7 shows the yield (%), number average molecular weight (Mn), and weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the obtained polycarbonate.
- the synthetic zeolite used in Example 14 (3) and the immobilized catalyst G were vacuum-dried at 130 ° C for 24 hours.
- Bisphenol A: 4.16 mimol, dried synthetic zeolite, immobilized catalyst (total amount recovered), and propylene carbonate (1 Om 1) were placed in a 30 ml autoclave, followed by monoxide oxidation. Carbon 6. OMPa and oxygen 0.3 MPa were charged at 25 ° C. After sealing, the container was closed and heated at 100 ° C. for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the synthetic zeolite and the immobilized catalyst were removed, and the polycarbonate was again obtained by reprecipitation with methanol. Vacuum dried for 24 hours at 10 Ot ;. The color of the polycarbonate powder visually was white.
- Table 7 shows the yield (%), number average molecular weight (Mn), and weight number average molecular weight (Mw) of the obtained polycarbonate. Table 7
- Table 8 shows the number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Example 18 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 18 except that p-tert-butylphenol was not used and bisphenol A was changed to 12.48 mmol.
- Table 8 shows the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight number average molecular weight (Mw) of the polycarbonate prepolymer obtained in the first step and the polycarbonate obtained in the second step.
- Second-stage pre-bolymer Second-stage poly-force Mn Mw Mn Mw Example 18 2 2 0 0 3 4 0 0 9 5 0 0 2 9 9 0 0 Comparative example 4 2 3 0 0 3 6 5 0 3 7 0 0 6 5 0 0 Industrial availability
- the polycarbonate production catalyst of the present invention is obtained by immobilizing a palladium compound and a metal compound having a redox catalytic activity with a special polymer. Bonnets can be manufactured.
- the catalyst for producing a polycarbonate of the present invention can be easily separated by filtration or the like after completion of the reaction, and there is almost no residual metal amount in the polycarbonate from which the catalyst has been separated.
- the catalyst for producing polycarbonate of the present invention can be used repeatedly, has high catalytic efficiency, and can produce polycarbonate with a high turnover number (T ON).
- the above-described two-stage production is carried out without using harmful chlorine gas or phosgene, or a halogenated organic solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform, which are considered to have an adverse effect on the environment.
- a halogenated organic solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform
- the polycarbonate production catalyst of the present invention is useful not only for dihydroxy compounds but also for the carbonylation of monohydroxy compounds, and can be applied to the synthesis of difluorocarbonates.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112004000796T DE112004000796T5 (de) | 2003-05-29 | 2004-05-26 | Katalysator zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat |
| US10/556,797 US7390868B2 (en) | 2003-05-29 | 2004-05-26 | Catalyst for polycarbonate production and process for producing polycarbonate |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003152783A JP4326838B2 (ja) | 2003-05-29 | 2003-05-29 | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| JP2003-152783 | 2003-05-29 | ||
| JP2003-290326 | 2003-08-08 | ||
| JP2003290326A JP4326876B2 (ja) | 2003-08-08 | 2003-08-08 | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| JP2003398743A JP4559725B2 (ja) | 2003-11-28 | 2003-11-28 | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| JP2003-398743 | 2003-11-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004106406A1 true WO2004106406A1 (ja) | 2004-12-09 |
Family
ID=33493926
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/007573 Ceased WO2004106406A1 (ja) | 2003-05-29 | 2004-05-26 | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7390868B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112004000796T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004106406A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9926397B2 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2018-03-27 | Chiyoda Corporation | Vinylpyridine resin for catalyst carriers and method of manufacturing the same |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000297148A (ja) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-24 | Japan Chemical Innovation Institute | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| WO2003087030A1 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2003-10-23 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Processes for producing carbonic ester and producing polycarbonate |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3855307A (en) * | 1967-02-20 | 1974-12-17 | Monsanto Co | Catalysis |
| US4667053A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1987-05-19 | Texaco Inc. | Process for oxidative carbonylation using a catalyst having a novel support |
| US5281359A (en) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-01-25 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Polymeric carbonylation catalyst system |
| WO1994019382A1 (fr) * | 1993-02-24 | 1994-09-01 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Copolymere bloc de propylene, son procede de production et copolymere modifie produit a partir de celui-ci |
| DE69309653T2 (de) * | 1993-03-08 | 1997-09-11 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Verfahren zum Herstellen von aromatischem Carbonat |
| KR20010021789A (ko) * | 1997-08-04 | 2001-03-15 | 야스이 쇼사꾸 | 촉매 및 방향족 카보네이트의 제조방법 |
| JP2002297148A (ja) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-11 | Sekisui House Ltd | カーテンの遮音性能比較体験学習装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-05-26 DE DE112004000796T patent/DE112004000796T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-26 WO PCT/JP2004/007573 patent/WO2004106406A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-26 US US10/556,797 patent/US7390868B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000297148A (ja) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-24 | Japan Chemical Innovation Institute | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
| WO2003087030A1 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2003-10-23 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Processes for producing carbonic ester and producing polycarbonate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112004000796T5 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
| US7390868B2 (en) | 2008-06-24 |
| US20070043199A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100357656B1 (ko) | 폴리카보네이트의제조방법 | |
| WO2000059983A1 (fr) | Procede de production de polycarbonate | |
| TW200808866A (en) | Manufacture of polycarbonates | |
| WO2005121213A1 (ja) | 高品質芳香族ポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| WO1997049752A1 (fr) | Procedes de production de polycarbonate | |
| US6258922B1 (en) | Process for producing polycarbonate and optical-disk substrate | |
| JP4403576B2 (ja) | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP4691446B2 (ja) | 固相重合用ポリカーボネートプレポリマーおよびポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP4559725B2 (ja) | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP4326838B2 (ja) | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP2018197282A (ja) | 芳香族ポリカーボネートオリゴマー固形体 | |
| JP2532127B2 (ja) | 芳香族ポリカ―ボネ―トの製造方法 | |
| JP4326876B2 (ja) | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| US7390868B2 (en) | Catalyst for polycarbonate production and process for producing polycarbonate | |
| JP2009040842A (ja) | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP4081519B2 (ja) | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP3199644B2 (ja) | 芳香族ポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP2004026916A (ja) | 複数のポリカーボネートの連続製法 | |
| JP2009235256A (ja) | ポリカーボネート製造用触媒、及びポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP2004331746A (ja) | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP3684282B2 (ja) | 芳香族ポリカーボネートの製造方法 | |
| JP3652011B2 (ja) | 芳香族ポリカーボネートの製法 | |
| JP3399200B2 (ja) | 熱可塑性ポリカーボネートの製造法 | |
| JPH107785A (ja) | 光学材料用ポリカーボネート | |
| JPH05271401A (ja) | ポリカーボネートの製造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007043199 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10556797 Country of ref document: US |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20048145626 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10556797 Country of ref document: US |










