WO2004095911A1

WO2004095911A1 - Plant growing mat and process for producing the same

Info

Publication number: WO2004095911A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/005339
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kouzaburou Umetsu
Original assignee: Plum Eco Project Co. Ltd.
Priority date: 2003-04-14
Filing date: 2004-04-14
Publication date: 2004-11-11
Also published as: JP3847268B2; JP2004313049A

Abstract

Plant growing mat (10) is formed by consolidating wood fragments (1) as a main raw material, the wood fragments (1) obtained by crushing raw wood or timber, with the use of an adhesive such as a thermosetting resin adhesive. The plant growing mat (10) is constituted of a single layer of, with respect to raw material composition, all the raw materials containing the wood fragments (1). Granular coal (3) and adhesive (4) containing fertilizer effect components for leaves can be added as raw materials. The properties of mat upper part (1A) and mat under part (1B) can be altered by heating condition regulation so that acceleration of plant root taking and inhibition of root protrusion outside the mat can be controlled. These realize advantageous effects with respect to biodegradability, production process simplification, production cost, utilization expansion, etc. In particular, see Fig. 1.

Description

Description Mat for plant cultivation and production method

The present invention relates to a mat for plant growth and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to a mat for plant growth, which has a biodegradability using raw wood or the like as a main raw material and can simplify the production process. It relates to the manufacturing method. Background art

Conventionally, cultivation of plants for the purpose of turf cultivation, urban greening or soil preservation in gonoref grounds, tennis grounds and other playgrounds and parks has been carried out. Of these, to grow grass in golf courses, dennis courts, and other places of luck, the grass is grown directly on the ground or a flat mass of grass that has already grown to a certain extent is 上 g on the soil. In addition, lawn seeds were sprayed. However, in recent years, for the purpose of reducing the labor for spraying turf seeds, etc., and also as an effective use of waste such as wood chips, sawdust powder, bark powder, etc. generated in the wood production process Matsu technology has been proposed (Ref. 1 2 3)

The main point of the proposal is that the upper layer in which turf seeds are mixed with bark powder and which are joined by an adhesive, or any of organic materials having a cross-functional property such as wood chips, wheat straw, rice straw, etc. An intermediate layer formed by joining and pressing the organic material, and a lower layer having a gap through which water can pass and a turf root can pass or having a gap with aging, This constitutes a lawn growing mat.

For this purpose, we have a storage unit for filamentous wood chips, a storage unit for sawdust, and a storage unit for bark powder. Separately provided, bark powder and sawdust powder are mixed with an adhesive to form the upper and lower layers of material by stirring, and the separately supplied filamentous sawdust and sawdust powder An intermediate layer is formed by mixing an adhesive into the mixture, stirring the mixture, and pressing the mixture with a roll to form an intermediate layer. The upper layer and the lower layer are bonded to the intermediate layer, and finally cut to a predetermined size.

A manufacturing method comprising the following steps has been proposed.

Mouth

Literature 1 Patent No. 20877391 "Mat for turf cultivation". Description, detailed description of the invention (0000-0001, 020-050). Figure:! ~

6. Free technology.

Literature 2 Patent No. 25966883 "Mat manufacturing method". Description, detailed description of the invention (00005002). Figures 1-3

Reference 3 Patent No. 2087

3 9 2 “Method of manufacturing thread-like wood chips”. Description, detailed description of the invention (00007-1001). Figures 1 and 2. Free technology.

Disclosure of the invention

However, the proposed method has the following problems.

1. The inventions disclosed in Literatures 1 and 2 require a lot of equipment for their production, a large number of man-hours, a complicated production process, and a need for fundamental improvement.

2. In other words, the manufacturing cost is considerably disadvantageous.

3. In order to emphasize cushioning, the use of thread-like wood chips is a requirement, but the thread-like wood chips are not always generated in the wood production process, but rather are special to rotary saws. Special preparation and procurement of raw materials is required, such as manufacturing with the addition of an operating mechanism.

4. Wood debris is an insect repellent in the environment where imported wood is used more frequently than wood produced in Japan, and is a problem with imported wood. ¾Steaming It is highly likely that large chemical substances such as scientific materials, which have a high environmental load, and high salt content due to undersea storage will contaminate the original soil during the process of cultivating pine trees. In addition, not only for the purpose of growing lawns in golf courses and the like, but also for the purpose of providing a wide range of urban greening and soil conservation measures as described above, and also for the provision of cultivation means in agriculture and forestry It would be convenient if there was a pine that could be easily used for growing various plants and fungi.

The object of the present invention is to solve these drawbacks of the prior art, and in particular, to have biodegradability using raw wood as a main raw material and to greatly simplify the manufacturing process, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a mat for plant cultivation and a method for producing the same, which can easily realize increased use.

The present inventor diligently studied the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, it was found that a single-layer mat formed by consolidating crushed wood obtained by crushing raw wood or the like can solve this problem. Heading, the present invention has been reached. That is, the invention claimed in the present application as means for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.

(1) A crushed material obtained by crushing raw wood or wood (hereinafter collectively referred to as “crushed wood”) is used as the main raw material and is formed by consolidating it using an adhesive. A plant growing plant comprising a single layer composed of all the raw materials including the wood crushed material in the raw material composition, and capable of growing plants.

(2) The mat for growing plants according to (1), wherein the crushed wood contains bark, and the adhesive is a synthetic resin-based adhesive.

(3) The single layer has a lower breaking strength at the upper part of the mat where the plant seeds are sowed than at the lower part of the mat, whereby the plant sowed at the upper part is It has physical properties sufficient for rooting, while the lower part has physical properties that can suppress the protrusion of plant roots to the bottom of the mat. The mat for growing plants according to (2), which is characterized in that:

(4) The species of the wood crushed material is conifers such as cedar, and the volume ratio of the bark contained therein is 0.3 to 1.0%, and the water content of the wood crushed material is 25 The mat for growing plants according to any one of (1) to (3), characterized in that the amount is not more than% by weight.

(5) The tree species related to the wood crushed material is conifers such as cedar, and the volume ratio of the bark contained therein is 0.5 to 0.7%, and the water content of the wood crushed material is 2%. 3 weight. The mat for plant growth according to (4), wherein the mat is at most / ₀ .

(6) The mat for growing plants according to any one of (1) to (5), characterized in that the raw material contains particulate coal.

(7) The plant according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the raw material includes a substance having a fertilizing effect on leaf growth of the plant to be grown. A mat for training.

(8) The mat for growing plants according to (7), wherein the substance having a fertilizing effect component is a urea resin adhesive or another adhesive.

(9) (1) A mat for seed planting, wherein plant mat is mixed in the mat for plant planting according to (8).

(10) A stirring step of mixing and stirring a raw material containing at least a wood crushed material obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive for consolidating the wood crushed material to form a mixture; Press-pressing the obtained mixture to form a plate-shaped plant-growing mat by pressing the crushed wood to form a plant-growing mat. Manufacturing method.

(11) A thermoplastic resin-based or thermosetting resin-based adhesive is used as the adhesive, and in the pressure-bonding step, the mixture is also heated to solidify the crushed wood. The heat and pressure bonding process

Δ. The method for producing a mat for growing plants according to (10).

(12) In the thermocompression bonding step, the mixture is heated from both upper and lower sides, and the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat where the plant seeds are sown is lower than the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat. (11). The method for producing a plant growing mat according to (11), wherein

(13) The heating temperature at the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C. to 140 ° C. at the heat source, while the heating temperature at the lower side of the mat is the heat source. The method for producing a mat for plant growth according to (11), wherein the temperature is from 120 to 170 ° C.

(14) The method for producing a plant growing mat according to any one of (1Q) to (13), wherein the raw material contains particulate coal.

(15) The weight composition of the raw material is as follows: wood crushed material: 400 to 500 parts by weight, adhesive: 80 to 130 parts by weight, and particulate carbon: 30 to 60 parts by weight. A method for producing a mat for growing plants according to (14), which is characterized in that: In the present invention, the crushed wood refers to crushed raw wood or crushed wood. It mainly refers to aggregates of pieces or grains obtained by crushing raw wood or wood (hereinafter, these are also referred to as “crushed particles” as appropriate). Sometimes used synonymously with particles.

Further, the particulate coal refers to a wide and fine coal which is not particularly limited to a particle size, such as a powder having a size of m level and a particle having a size of mm level. In addition, the growth of the leaves of the plant includes the growth indicated by the leaf color, and therefore, the fertilizing component for the growth of the leaf is, for example, a fertilizing component that makes the leaf color “green”. Say. In addition, what can be cultivated by plant cultivation matsu includes not only plants but also fungi such as mushrooms, but in principle, these are described as plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing plant of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing another cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing plant of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing plant of the present invention containing particulate charcoal as a raw material.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing plant of the present invention containing a substance having a fertilizing component as a raw material.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a mat 15 for growing a plant of the present invention when all the components shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are provided.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a mat for seed-seeded plant growth of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a mat for growing plants of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view illustrating a method for producing a plant growing mat of the present invention in which the pressing step is a heat pressing step.

Each code is used as follows.

1… Wood crushed material, 1 A ··· upper part of the mat, 1 B ··· lower part of the vat, 3 granular charcoal, 4 ... a substance having a fertilizing effect on leaf growth, 5 adhesive, 6 Seeds, 8 ... other necessary materials, 9 mixture, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20 ... Plant growing mats, 19 seeds Seeded plant growing pine G, P 1: stirring step, P 2: crimping process P 20: heating and crimping process Best mode for carrying out the invention

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing plant of the present invention. In the figure, the mat for plant growth 10 is a broken wood or wood frame. It is formed by using crushed material 1 (crushed wood material 1) as the main raw material and consolidating it using an adhesive, and is composed of all raw materials including the crushed wood material 1 in the raw material composition. It is basically composed of a single layer. Here, the wood crushed material 1 may use raw wood as a starting material or wood as a starting material. Thinned wood can be used as a starting material. Wood also includes scraps generated during the timber manufacturing process.

Since the crushed wood 1 is obtained by crushing raw wood or wood using an appropriate machine for cutting and crushing, the crushed particles constituting the crushed particles vary in shape and size. The particle size distribution can be controlled by adjusting the cutting particle size at the time of crushing. The crushed wood 1 is not composed of crushed particles having a uniform shape and size, but has various shapes and sizes. For example, the individual crushed particles constituting the crushed wood 1 can include particles having a particle size of 0.2 mm or less to particles having a particle size of 2 cm or more. Wood crushed material 1 can have a considerable particle size distribution. However, such a particle size distribution is merely an example, and it is possible to configure the shredded wood 1 as having a narrower particle size distribution, or as having a limited size type. However, the crushed wood according to the mat for plant growth of the present invention is not limited by such a particle size distribution, and appropriate crushed raw wood or wood can be used.

In the figure, the plant growing mat 10 can be configured such that the wood crushed material 1 contains leather, and the adhesive is a synthetic resin adhesive. When raw wood is used as a starting material and crushed, the bark can be easily included as part of the crushed wood 1. As the adhesive, the plant growing mat of the present invention does not exclude the use of a starch-based adhesive or a natural adhesive such as glue, but may use a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin described later. Raw material Use of an appropriate synthetic resin adhesive is simple and suitable.

The content of the adhesive is based on 400 to 500 parts by weight of the crushed wood.

The adhesive is 80 to 130 parts by weight. Therefore, as an example, the adhesive may be 100 parts by weight based on 450 parts by weight of the crushed wood.

In FIG. 1, the plant growing mannose 10 of the present invention is formed by solidifying and forming a wood crushed material 1 obtained by crushing a raw wood or a wood with an adhesive as described above. When the seeds are sown, the roots of the plant and the growth of the root are not hindered, and the plant can be suitably grown. In addition, since the wood fragment 1 is made of raw wood or wood, it is mainly composed of naturally occurring woody constituents such as cellulosic, hepatic cellulose, and lignin. However, water retention due to irrigation and natural rainfall made in the present mat 10 is maintained in the mat 10 and supplied to seeded plants. However, if there is excess water in the voids due to the water absorption of the wood, the wood crushed material 1 is absorbed and stored, and the excess water is also present. On the other hand, water is drained through a channel with a series of voids.

In addition, the crushed wood 1 of the plant growing mat 10 is mainly composed of the above-mentioned naturally derived woody constituents, so that moss is generated over time. In this situation, biodegradation proceeds favorably, for example, the occurrence of biomass becomes active. Due to such biodegradability, the decomposition proceeds over time, and the plant growing mat 10 is finally changed to a soil having fertilizing effect and characteristics such as humus. Can be. What is changing

It can also be used as compost. After about 5 to 6 years of continuous use, the shape of this plant growing mat 10 has collapsed, and for more than a few years. With the above time course, complete soil formation can be obtained

In addition, since the plant growing mat 10 is composed of a single layer composed of all the raw materials including the wood crushed material 1 in the raw material composition, as described later, the method for producing the same is not described. However, when a plurality of layers are separately formed and then combined with each other, it is greatly simplified as compared with the conventional manufacturing method. Since the wood crushed material 1 may use raw wood as a starting material or wood as a starting material, when the raw wood is used as the starting material, π may be used after the cut raw wood is subjected to a predetermined drying process or the like. However, it can be directly cut and crushed, which further simplifies the manufacturing process.Since thinned wood can be used as a starting material, it becomes an issue Can help in the timber management, and contribute to forest development. In addition, when using scraps generated during wood production, waste can be discarded for purposes other than feed, and this can be used as an effective measure for scraps.

In addition, since the mat 10 for plant growth of the present invention is composed of a single layer composed of all the raw materials including the wood crushed material 1 in the raw material composition, the conventional multi-layer is folded. The overall thickness can be made smaller as compared with a different configuration. Therefore, even in the case of a single-layer configuration, a seed-sown mat can be formed as described later. For example, in this plant growing mat

However, the thickness can be as small as about 2 cm and the thickness can be reduced to about 2 cm, and in such a case, the configuration of the seed-sown mat is easier. The thickness can be about 5 cm, or even thicker, about 10 cm. In addition, by reducing the overall weight of the plant-growing mat, it is possible to expand its use.For example, if the thickness is 5 cm, this mat before planting is sowed. weight of I is 1 0 kg Z m ² or less. . Two Re, if was example, if the irradiation to the weight of the plane on clod for Neite laying Tokyo ordinances provide that 7 ² kg / m 2 or less racemate, can and this corresponding weight , Therefore transport that It is easy to handle in other ways, which is advantageous for expanding applications. In addition, since the bark can be included in the crushed wood 1 as described above, the plant growing mat 10 is configured to have a highly uneven shape provided by the bark and a plant defense mechanism possessed by the bark. Depending on the components, the mat 10 can be provided with air permeability and antibacterial properties. When bark is used as a starting material and crushed, the bark can be easily included as a part of the crushed wood 1.

If an appropriate synthetic resin adhesive is used, the mat for plant growth

The ability to easily and suitably perform the manufacture of 10.

The mat 10 for cultivating the plant of the present invention thus constituted may be cultivated for turf cultivation, other monocot cultivation, dicot cultivation, or fungal cultivation such as mushrooms. , Various plants. For fungal growth and as a place of use for golf courses, tennis courts, other sports grounds, parks, schools, flower beds

, Biotops, gardens and other outdoor planting, concrete on soil, structures, etc.

— On roads, on roads and other roads, on slopes,

Planting indoors at offices and general residences, plants • For fungus production sites or factories, use purposes include environmental beautification, environmental improvement, urban greening, planting, development of land and sports grounds, land It can be widely used for cultivation and horticulture in the field of preservation and forestry, etastegi, and intellectuals.

In addition, the plant growing mat 10 of the present invention can be used as a weeding measure on the ground by laying it on the ground.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing another cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing plant of the present invention. In the figure, in the mat for plant growth 12, the single layer on the above-mentioned raw material composition has a higher breaking strength in the upper mat 1 A where the seeds are planted than in the lower mat 1 B. Can be reduced. Here, the low breaking strength means that the material breaks when a certain load is applied. • Refers to at least one of destruction and softness. The positions of the upper part 1A of the mat and the lower part 1B of the mat in the depth direction are not limited to the illustration in the conceptual diagram, and the former is a region closer to the upper surface of the mat, and The latter, which is the area where the seeds can be sown, is the area closer to the bottom of the mat, and is the area where the presence or absence of the root of the plant to be grown protruding from the bottom of the mat is considered.

In Fig. 2, the mat for plant growth 12 is composed of the above-mentioned la.

Since the seeds of the plant sown on the upper 1Α of the mat are rooted and the roots are growing, the upper 1A of the mat is more easily broken or soft.

However, rooting and root growth are not hindered, and rooting sufficient for plant growth with the present plant growing mat 12 can be achieved. On the other hand, since the lower part 1B of the mat is harder to break or harder, it is possible to suppress the root of the plant from protruding to the bottom of the mat. In other words, when the mat for plant growth 12 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is used, although the raw material composition is composed of a single layer, the root and root are different due to the difference in physical properties between the upper and lower parts. The effect of goodness and the effect of preventing the root from protruding from the bottom of the mat can be obtained at the same time. The difference in strength and physical properties can be realized by making the heating condition of the cows different between the upper and lower sides of the mat as described later.

1 and 2, the plant growing mats 10 and 12 of the present invention use conifers such as cedar as the species of the wood crushed material 1 and have a bark volume ratio of 0. The water content of the wood crushed product 1 can be 25% by weight or less. The type of tree is not particularly limited, and coniferous timber and wood such as cedar can be used. In particular, cedar is used as a raw material for the mat for plant growth of the present invention because it has water retention and antibacterial properties, it is easy to secure raw materials, and it is easy to crush. It is suitable for use. In addition, the use of domestic cedar logs has resulted in the This eliminates the risk of soil contamination due to the chemicals contained in the incoming timber and the salts contained in the marine storage.

The volume ratio of bark to the crushed wood can be 0.3% or 1.0%, in order to obtain the appropriate aeration and antibacterial effects. The amount of 0.5%, 0.7%, or about 0.6%, which is generally included when the raw wood is directly crushed, may be added.

Further, the water content of the crushed wood 1 can be set to 25% by weight or less, but can be further set to 23% by weight or less.

In general, the raw wood has high moisture content, but about 10% of the water evaporates due to frictional heat when crushing it. At that time, a film is formed on the wooden tube of the raw wood and the wooden tube, and the components in the wooden tube are temporarily hardly exposed to the outside. Therefore, before the heating step (heat-compression bonding step) in mat production, which will be described later, this is dried once to further evaporate the moisture in the wood crushed material. After that, by performing the heat treatment, the component substances trapped in the wooden tube are easily exposed to the outside, so that the component substances in the raw wood and the wood can be sufficiently used in the mat. Can be. The species of the shredded wood constituting the mat for plant growth of the present invention may be a hardwood. In this case, for example, the use of broadleaf trees is suitable for using the mat for growing this plant as a medium for cultivating mushrooms. As the wood crushed material, for example, raw wood and wood of beech and oak can be used, and good growth can be obtained by mushroom cultivation.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing plant of the present invention containing particulate coal as a raw material. As shown in the figure, the present plant-growing mat 13 can have a configuration in which particulate coal 3 is contained as a raw material in addition to the above-mentioned crushed wood 1. The size of the particulate coal 3 can be said to be powdery as described above. A wide range of materials, such as m-levels, m-levels, and granules, are applicable. Since charcoal has an action of purifying water quality, in the plant growing maca- tor 13 containing granular charcoal 3, the water retained in the mat is purified and the quality of the plant to be grown is increased. Effective for good growth. Charcoal also has a soil improvement effect, etc., and these effects are also exerted, which is effective in favoring the growth of plants formed on the mat.

As described above, the size of the fei-like coal 3 is wide, but in order to further enhance the water purification effect of the coal, the size is generally desirably small. On the other hand, when the sustainability of the effect is important, a larger size is generally desirable. Taking these factors into account, the appropriate size can be prepared and used.

The content of the carbonaceous material 3 was such that the woody crushed material 400 parts by weight was 500 parts by weight, and the dendritic coals 30 to 60 parts by weight, and similarly, the adhesive 80 parts by weight. No more than 130 parts by weight. Therefore-As an example, it may be possible to use 50 parts by weight of wood fragments and 40 parts by weight of granular coal.

The charcoal used for the granular coal 3 is preferably hardwood charcoal. Above all, it is more desirable to use oak charcoal, which is produced using oak, because of its long-lasting effect.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing mat of the present invention containing a substance having a fertilizing component as a raw material. As shown in FIG. As the raw material, 4 substances having a fertilizing effect on the growth of the leaves of the plant to be grown can be included. As the substance 4 having the fertilizing effect, urine resin adhesive In general, nitrogen fertilizers containing nitrogen as the main fertilizer are used to particularly promote the growth of plant leaves. For example, synthetic fertilizer is used as an adhesive. When a urea resin-based adhesive is used as the adhesive, the action of the leaf fertilizer can also be performed during the decomposition process after the start of use. In particular, when the plant growing mat 14 is used for turf cultivation, the green color of the leaves can be stably generated and colored, which enhances the aesthetic appearance, thereby improving the environmental beautification and land use. Increase commercial value in maintenance and other applications.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a mat 15 for growing a plant of the present invention in which all the components shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are provided. As shown in the figure, the mat for plant growth 15 has a lower breaking strength at the upper part 1A of the mat where plant seeds are sown than at the lower part 1B of the mat, and as a result, The upper part 1A of the mat has physical properties sufficient for the seeded plant to take root, while the lower part 1B of the mat has physical properties capable of suppressing the protrusion of the plant root to the bottom of the mat. In addition, in addition to the wood crushed material 1 as the raw material, it is configured to include particulate charcoal 3 and a substance 4 having a fertilizing effect on the growth of the leaves of the plant to be grown (urea resin adhesive, etc.) be able to.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a mat for seed-seeded plant growth of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present mat 19 can have a configuration in which the plant seeds 6 are mixed in any of the above-mentioned plant growing mats 16. With this configuration, it is not necessary to sow the seeds on the seed-seeded plant mat 19, and the seeds are placed in an appropriate place and irrigated to obtain natural precipitation. By setting the state, the plant can be easily grown.

In order to manufacture the mat for seed-seeded plant cultivation, a non-heatable adhesive is used in consideration of the effect of heat treatment on the seed germination rate, or a thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin is used. When a resin-based adhesive is used, for example, in some plant species, a dry heat treatment at about 75 ° C does not affect the germination rate even if the treatment is performed for several days ( Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Vegetables. From the homepage of the tea laboratory. URL:

http://www.afftis.or.jp/shingi/01.htm), etc. to prevent and reduce germination damage due to heat from carohydrates. be able to.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the method for producing a plant growing mat of the present invention. In this figure, the production method includes at least a wood crushed material 1 obtained by crushing a raw wood and an adhesive 5 for consolidating the wood crushed material 1, and mixing and stirring of raw materials consisting of other necessary materials 8. The mixture 9 obtained in the stirring step P1 is subjected to pressure treatment to form a mixture 9, whereby the wood fragment 1 is pressed into a plate shape. A crimping step P2 for forming a body plant growing mat 10 is provided as a basic process, and the plant growing mat 10 of the present invention is manufactured by going through each step. be able to . Appropriate stirring equipment and pressurizing equipment can be used for the mixing and stirring treatment in the stirring step P 1 and the pressure bonding treatment in the pressure bonding step P 2, respectively.

In the figure, since the production flow is configured as described above, in the stirring step P1, the wood crushed material 1 obtained by crushing the raw wood and the adhesive 5 for consolidating the wood crushed material 1 are reduced. Are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixture 9. Then, in a compression step P2, the mixture 9 is subjected to a pressurization treatment to compress the wood crushed material 1 to form a plate-like body. A mat for plant growth 10 is formed. Since the basic flow has such a simple configuration, the manufacturing process is greatly simplified as compared with the conventional one, and can contribute to a reduction in manufacturing costs.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a plant growing mat of the present invention in which the pressing step is a heat pressing step. In the figure, the production method includes at least a wood crushed material 1 obtained by crushing a raw wood, and a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin-based adhesive 5 for consolidating the wood crushed material 1. Other necessary A mixing step of mixing and stirring the raw materials composed of the material 8 to form a mixture 9; and a pressurizing treatment of the mixture 9 obtained in the stirring step P1 to thereby crush the wood. In addition to the compression treatment for compressing the object 1, the mixture 9 is subjected to a heat treatment, and a heat compression treatment process P20 for consolidating the wood crushed material 1 is provided. The mat 20 for plant growth of the present invention can be produced by passing through the heat press bonding process of the heat press bonding process P 20 using an appropriate press bonding device having a heating function. For example, a press machine with a heating function can be used. As a heating method, an appropriate method such as high-frequency heating or gas heating can be used.

That is, in the thermocompression bonding step P 20, the mixture 9 composed of the crushed wood 1 and the like is subjected to the heat treatment for the mixture 9 while the mixture 9 is subjected to the pressure treatment. Then, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin-based adhesive 5 contained in the mixture 9 acts on the kagami heat to cause the wood crushed material.

1 is consolidated to produce a plant growing mat 20. The adhesive

In the case where 5 is made of a thermoplastic resin such as ethylene monoxide butyl, a cooling step for hardening the adhesive and completing the consolidation of the crushed wood 1 after the heating and pressing step P 20. When the adhesive 5 provided is a thermosetting resin such as urea resin, the curing of the adhesive and the consolidation of the crushed wood 1 are completed in the thermocompression bonding step P 20. To

In FIG. 8, the heating / compressing process P 20 is performed by heating the mixture 9 from both the upper and lower sides, and the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat where the plant seeds are sown is the lower part of the mat. In order to heat the mixture 9 in both upper and lower directions, for example, a metal on which a table on which the mixture 9 is to be heated can be heated. Metal plate that can be heat-treated to apply pressure from above It is possible to use a heating and pressurizing device provided with a heater. This case, each metal pedestal and plate ₉ as a heat source for heat treatment for example, the flop Les scan machine with heating function can and Mochiiruko.

In the figure, in the thermocompression bonding step P 20, the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C. to 140 ° C. in the heat source, while the heating temperature on the lower side is The temperature of the heat source is 120

° C, and 170 ° C. In these temperature ranges, for example, the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C to 120 ° C.

° C (at heat source), while the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat is 130

By using a temperature of 160 ° C (with a heat source), the mat for growing the plant of the present invention having different physical properties between the upper part of the mat and the lower part of the mat can be produced satisfactorily. be able to.

That is, as described above, by heating the plate (by making the dish different, at the upper part of the pine b where the lower temperature heat treatment is performed, the breaking strength of the consolidation of the wood crushed material 1 is reduced. It can be made smaller and therefore more susceptible to breakage or softer to promote rooting and root growth of the seeded plant. On the other hand, in the lower part of the mat where a higher temperature heat treatment is performed, the consolidation of the wood crushed material 1 is performed in a state where the breaking strength is higher, and therefore, the wood crushed material 1 is harder to break or harder. It is constructed in a state that prevents the root from protruding to the bottom of the mat.

In the production flow shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the method for producing a plant growing mat of the present invention, particulate coal can be included as the raw material (not shown). By incorporating particulate coal, it is possible to add a water purification effect to the plant mat as described above. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these Examples. In addition, the applicant claims for all unspecified embodiments.

Example 1>

Plant cultivation mats for lawn cultivation were manufactured by the following Article i.榭 Species: Thinned wood of cedar.

Means for forming wood particles: Raw wood is cut and crushed by machine as it is. Raw material mixing conditions:

Wood crushed material (hereinafter also referred to as “wood particles”) 450 g (Wood particle products manufactured and supplied by the applicant of the present invention and made from Japanese cedar. Trade name “Biodaran” Trademark registration application During)

Powdered charcoal made from oak charcoal 400 g

Urea resin adhesive 100 000 g

Hardener to ensure adhesive effectiveness 2 2 g

5 9 2 2 g in total

Finished size: Length 100 mm, width 300 mm, thickness 50 mm

Finished product weight: 5450 g (Decreases from the total weight of raw materials because part of water is evaporated and removed during the process)

Means of thermocompression bonding process: Use a heating press machine.

Heating method: Gas heating.

Heating conditions: In the gas heating method, rather than rapid heating, heat treatment using partial heat is used, and comparatively gentle heating is better in terms of adhesion. Therefore, heat treatment is performed under the following conditions. Was done.

[I] A mixture of wood particles and raw materials such as adhesives and pulverized coal. Mixing by stirring The object is placed on the press machine table (flat plate), and the table is at 130 to 160 °. The mixture is heated from below.

[II] The pressure plate provided above is lowered onto the mixture, and a pressure of about 1 t / m 2 is applied to compress and mold the mixture into a plate.

[III] The pressure plate is heated to 100 to 120 ° C to heat the compressed mixture from above. Heat treatment from above and below is continued for about 10 minutes.

[IV] Stop heating the upper and lower heat sources (table and pressure plate) and continue heating the mixture gently with residual heat for about 10 to 15 minutes. By this treatment, heat is gently spread to the middle part of the mat and the wood particles are consolidated.

[V] After the heat treatment with residual heat is completed, cool appropriately to obtain a mat for plant growth.

When turf was sown on the lawn plant growing mat produced in this way, it has a moderate water retention effect, good rooting, suppression of root protrusion from the bottom surface, and reduction of water quality. Each effect of prevention was achieved, and it was suitable for growing grass. At the upper part of the mat where the turf is sown, the wood particles are relatively fragile, but there is no problem in handling and the whole mat is connected in a state where the shape of the mat is kept rigid. The root growth was not hindered and rooting was good. In the lower part of the mat, the protrusion of the root to the bottom of the mat was suppressed.

Example 2>

A mat for growing plants for growing mushrooms was manufactured under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that beech was used as a tree species relating to wood particles. Shiitake was selected as the mushroom inoculum. As a result, shiitake mushrooms grew well on the mat, indicating that the mat for growing plants of the present invention is also suitable for fungal cultivation. Example 3>

Used in the thermocompression bonding step in the production of mats for turf cultivation in Example 1. A mat for plant cultivation for turf cultivation was manufactured under basically the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the heating method of the press machine was high-frequency heating instead of gas heating. As a result, the adoption of high-frequency heating has greatly reduced the time required for the heat-compression bonding process. In addition, it was confirmed that the uniformity of the heat treatment could be improved, and that it was suitable for mass production. Availability of

Since the mat for plant growth and the method for producing the same according to the present invention are constructed as described above, they have biodegradability using raw wood as a main raw material and greatly simplify the production process. This makes it easy to reduce manufacturing costs and expand usage. In addition, since it can be composed of a single layer due to the composition of the raw material, the thickness of the mat is reduced, the composition of the seeded mat is simplified, and the weight is reduced and the application is reduced. Expansion can be achieved.

In addition, when using timber and timber, the mat should have a low environmental load compared to imported timber because of the high risk of environmental load due to chemical contamination. Can be. The use of thinned wood can contribute to forest growth.

In addition, the use of granular charcoal can prevent water quality deterioration in the mat.Also, as the adhesive, a nitrogen-containing material such as a urea resin adhesive that can be used as a fertilizing component can be used. By using the compound, the growth effect on the leaves of the plant can be combined, and the quality of plant growth can be improved. In addition, the heat treatment conditions in the mat production process are used to design the physical properties of the pine to improve the rooting of the plant to be sown and to suppress the root from protruding from the bottom of the pine. be able to.

Claims

The scope of the claims

Crushed material obtained by crushing raw wood or wood (hereinafter collectively referred to as “crushed wood

J) is used as the main raw material, and is formed by consolidating it using an adhesive, and is composed of a single layer composed of all the raw materials including the crushed wood in the raw material composition. And a plant cultivation mat characterized by being capable of cultivating plants.

2. The crushed wood contains bark, and the adhesive is a synthetic resin-based adhesive.

3 The single layer has a lower breaking strength than at the top of the mat where the plant seeds are sown, and thus has a lower breaking strength than at the bottom of the mat. 2. The plant according to 2, wherein the plant has physical properties sufficient for establishing roots, while having properties at a lower portion capable of suppressing the protrusion of the plant roots to the mat bottom. Training mat.

4 The species of the wood crushed material is a conifer such as cedar, and the volume ratio of the bark contained in the wood is 0.3% or 1.0%, and the water content of the wood crushed material is 25% by weight. %. The plant growing mat according to any one of 1 to 3 above, which is not more than 0.1%.

5 The tree species related to the above-mentioned crushed wood is needles such as cedar, and the volume ratio of the bark contained in the crush is 0.7%, and the water content of the crushed wood is 2%. 2. The plant growing machine according to item 4, wherein the amount is 3% by weight or less.

6. The mat for plant cultivation according to any one of items 1 to 5, characterized in that the raw material contains particulate coal.

(7) The plant growing mat according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the raw material includes a substance having a fertilizing effect on leaf growth of the plant to be grown.

8. The mat for growing plants according to 7, wherein the substance having a fertilizing effect component is a urea resin adhesive or another adhesive.

9. A mat for seed planting, wherein plant seeds are mixed into the mat for plant growing according to any one of 9.1 to 8.

10. A stirring step of mixing and stirring a raw material containing at least a wood crushed material obtained by crushing a raw wood and an adhesive for consolidating the wood crushed material to form a mixture; A press-fitting step of pressing the wood crushed product by pressurizing the obtained mixture to form a plate-shaped plant-growing mat. A method for manufacturing mats.

11. A thermoplastic resin-based or thermosetting resin-based adhesive is used as the adhesive, and in the pressing step, heating is also performed on the mixture to consolidate the wood crushed material. It is a crimping process

10. The method for producing a mat for cultivating a plant according to 10.

12. In the thermocompression bonding step, the mixture is heated from both upper and lower sides, and the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat where plant seeds are sown is higher than the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat. 11. The method for producing a plant growing mat as described in 11 above, wherein the method is lower than the above.

13. The heating temperature on the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C. to 140 ° C. on the heat source, while the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat is the heat source. The method for producing a mat for growing plants according to item 11, wherein the temperature is from 120 ° C to 170 ° C.

14. The method for producing a plant growing mat according to any one of 10 to 13, wherein the raw material contains particulate coal.

15. The weight composition of the raw materials is that the wood crushed material is 400 to 500 parts by weight, the adhesive is 80 to 130 parts by weight, and the particulate carbon is 30 to 60 parts by weight. Features 1 4. Method for producing pine for plant growth of Shiya.