JP3847268B2 - Plant growing mat and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a plant-growing mat and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to a plant-growing mat and a method for producing the same that have biodegradability using raw wood as a main raw material and can simplify the production process.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, plants have been cultivated for the purpose of lawn cultivation, urban greening or soil conservation in golf courses, tennis fields and other playgrounds and parks. Of these, in order to cultivate lawns in golf courses, tennis fields, and other playgrounds, cultivate lawns directly on the ground, or lay flat soil blocks on which turf has already been cultivated to some extent on the soil. Spraying lawn seeds was done. However, in recent years, with the goal of reducing the labor for spraying lawn seeds, a lawn growing mat that can be laid on the ground as an effective use of waste such as wood chips, large saw powder, and bark powder generated in the wood manufacturing process has also been developed. Techniques have been proposed (Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
[0003]
  The main point of the proposal is to mix the bark powder with turf seeds, and join the organic material having cushioning properties such as the upper layer, wood chips, wheat straw, rice straw etc. with an adhesive, And an intermediate layer formed by pressure-contacting the organic material, a lawn growing mat from a lower layer that has a gap through which water permeates and through which the grass roots pass or that has a gap with aging. Is to configure.
[0004]
  Therefore, the upper layer and the lower layer are prepared by separately providing a stringy wood waste storage unit, a large sawdust storage unit, and a bark powder storage unit, and mixing and stirring the bark powder supplied from these, and the large sawdust. Each layer material is formed, and an intermediate layer is formed by mixing an adhesive with separately supplied filamentous wood chips and large sawdust, stirring and pressing them with a roll, and the upper layer and the lower layer are formed on the intermediate layer. There has also been proposed a manufacturing method comprising the steps of bonding and finally cutting to a predetermined size.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
          Patent No. 2087391 “Mat for turf cultivation”. Description, detailed description of the invention (paragraph numbers 0003 to 0019, 0020 to 0052). Drawing (FIGS. 1 to 6). Free technology.
[Patent Document 2]
          Japanese Patent No. 2,596,883 “Mat Manufacturing Method”. Description, detailed description of the invention (paragraph numbers 0005 to 0023). Drawing (FIGS. 1 to 3).
[Patent Document 3]
          Japanese Patent No. 2087392 “Fiber-like wood chip manufacturing method”. Description, detailed description of the invention (paragraph numbers 0007 to 0015). Drawing (FIGS. 1 and 2). Free technology.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, the proposed method has the following problems.
1. The inventions disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 require a lot of equipment for their production, a large number of man-hours, a complicated manufacturing process, and a fundamental improvement.
2. In other words, the manufacturing cost is considerably disadvantageous.
[0007]
3. In order to emphasize cushioning, the use of thread-like wood chips is a requirement. Of these, thread-like wood chips are not always generated in the wood manufacturing process, but rather, a special operating mechanism is added to the rotary saw. Special raw material preparation / procurement is required, such as manufacturing.
4). Wood waste is an environment in which sawn wood from imported timber is used a lot rather than that produced by domestic timber. In addition, high salt content from underwater storage trees is likely to contaminate the raw soil during mat matting.
[0008]
  Various plants and fungi are used not only for golf courses, but also for the purpose of providing a wide range of urban greening and soil conservation as described above, or for the purpose of providing cultivation means in agriculture and forestry. It would be convenient if there was a mat that could be used and adopted easily for the growth.
[0009]
  The problem of the present invention is to solve these disadvantages of the prior art, and in particular, it has biodegradability using raw wood as a main raw material, and greatly simplifies the manufacturing process, thereby easily realizing reduction in manufacturing cost and expansion of use. It is to provide a mat for growing plants and a method for producing the same.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventor has found that this can be solved by constituting a single-layer mat obtained by solidifying a crushed wood obtained by crushing raw wood or the like, and has reached the present invention. That is, the invention claimed in the present application as a means for solving the above problemsOr at least the disclosed inventionIs as follows.
[0011]
(1) It is formed by crushing raw wood or crushed wood (hereinafter collectively referred to as “timber crushed material”) and solidifying it using an adhesive. It is composed of a single layer consisting of all raw materials including the crushed wood,The crushed wood contains bark, the adhesive is a synthetic resin adhesive, and the single layer has a lower breaking strength at the upper part of the mat where plant seeds are sown than at the lower part of the mat. In this way, the upper part has sufficient physical properties for the seeded plant to take root, while the lower part has physical properties that can suppress the protrusion of the plant root to the mat bottom surface.A mat for growing plants, which is capable of growing plants.
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
(2) The tree species related to the crushed wood is a conifer such as cedar, the volume ratio of the bark contained therein is 0.3 to 1.0%, and the moisture content of the crushed wood is 25% by weight or less. The mat for growing plants according to (1), characterized in that
[0015]
(3) The tree species related to the crushed wood is a conifer such as cedar, the volume ratio of bark contained therein is 0.5 to 0.7%, and the moisture content of the crushed wood is 23% by weight or less. The mat for growing plants according to (2), characterized in that
[0016]
(4) The plant growing mat according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the raw material contains particulate charcoal.
[0017]
(5) The plant growing mat according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the raw material includes a substance having a fertilizing component for the growth of the leaves of the plant to be grown.
[0018]
(6) The plant growing mat according to (5), wherein the substance having a fertilizer component is a urea resin adhesive or other adhesive.
[0019]
(7) A plant-growing mat for seed sowing, wherein plant seeds are mixed in the plant-growing mat according to any one of (1) to (6).
[0020]
(8) A stirring step of mixing and stirring a raw material containing at least a crushed wood obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive for consolidating the crushed wood into a mixture, and the obtained by the stirring step A pressure bonding step in which the crushed wood material is pressure-bonded by pressurizing the mixture to form a plate-growing plant mat, and the adhesive is made of a thermoplastic resin system or a thermosetting resin system. Using the adhesive, the pressure bonding step is a heat pressure bonding step in which the mixture is heated to consolidate the crushed wood, and in the heat pressure bonding step, the mixture is viewed from above and below. A method for producing a plant-growing mat, characterized in that the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat on which plant seeds are sowed is lower than the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat.
[0021]
[0022]
[0023]
(9) A stirring step of mixing and stirring a raw material including at least a crushed wood obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive for consolidating the crushed wood, and a mixture obtained by the stirring step A pressure bonding step in which the crushed wood material is pressure-bonded by pressurizing the mixture to form a plate-growing plant mat, and the adhesive is made of a thermoplastic resin system or a thermosetting resin system. The pressure bonding step using an adhesive is a heat pressure bonding step in which the mixture is heated and the crushed wood is consolidated, and the heating temperature at the upper side of the mat is the heat source. 100.degree. C. to 140.degree. C., while the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat is 120.degree. C. to 170.degree.
[0024]
(10) The method for producing a plant-growing mat according to (8) or (9), wherein the raw material contains particulate charcoal.
[0025]
(11) The plant according to (10), wherein the weight composition of the raw material is 400 to 500 parts by weight of crushed wood, 80 to 130 parts by weight of adhesive, and 30 to 60 parts by weight of particulate charcoal. A method for producing a mat for growth.
[0026]
  In the present invention, the crushed wood refers to a crushed material obtained by crushing raw wood or wood. The term refers to an aggregate formed by aggregating pieces or grains (hereinafter, also referred to as “crushed particles” where appropriate) obtained mainly by crushing raw wood or wood. In the description, it is synonymous with the crushed particles as appropriate. It may be used for
[0027]
  The particulate charcoal is not particularly limited to the particle size, for example, it can be said to be powdery with a size of μm level, or can be said to be granular with an mm level, and refers to charcoal that has been refined widely. In addition, the growth of the leaves of the plant includes the growth indicated by the leaf color. Therefore, the fertile component for the growth of the leaf refers to, for example, a fertilizer that makes the leaf color "green". Moreover, although what can grow the mat for plant growth includes not only plants but also fungi such as mushrooms, it will be explained as a plant including these in principle.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing mat of the present invention. In the figure, the plant-growing mat 10 is formed by using a crushed material 1 (wood crushed material 1) obtained by crushing raw wood or wood as a main raw material and solidifying it using an adhesive. It is basically composed of a single layer made of all raw materials including the crushed wood 1TheHere, the crushed wood 1 may use raw wood as a starting material or wood as a starting material. Thinned wood can be used as a starting material. In the case of wood, offcuts and the like generated in the wood manufacturing process also fall under this category.
[0029]
  Since the crushed wood 1 is obtained by crushing raw wood or wood using an appropriate machine for cutting and pulverizing, the crushed particles constituting the crushed wood have various shapes and sizes. The particle size distribution can be controlled by adjusting the cutting particle size at the time of crushing. The crushed wood 1 is not composed of crushed particles having a uniform shape and size, but various shapes and sizes are assembled. For example, the individual crushed particles constituting the crushed wood material 1 can include those having a powder size of 0.2 mm or less to a crumb size of 2 cm or more. Can have a substantial particle size distribution. However, such a particle size distribution is an example, and the crushed wood 1 can be configured with a narrower particle size distribution, or can be configured with a limited type of size. The crushed wood according to the mat is not limited by the particle size distribution, and appropriate raw wood or crushed wood can be used.
[0030]
  In the figure, the plant growing mat 10 can be configured such that the crushed wood 1 contains bark and the adhesive is a synthetic resin adhesive.TheWhen raw wood is used as a starting material and this is crushed, the bark can be easily included as part of the crushed wood 1. As an adhesive, the mat for plant growth of the present invention does not exclude the use of a starch-based adhesive or a natural adhesive such as glue, but it is appropriately used as a raw material of a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin described later. The use of a synthetic resin adhesive is simple and suitable.
[0031]
  The content of the adhesive may be 80 to 130 parts by weight with respect to 400 to 500 parts by weight of the crushed wood.TheTherefore, as an example, the adhesive may be 100 parts by weight with respect to 450 parts by weight of the crushed wood.
[0032]
[Action]
  In FIG. 1, the plant growing mat 10 of the present invention is configured by solidifying and forming a crushed wood 1 obtained by crushing raw wood or wood with an adhesive as described above. When the voids are formed and plant seeds are sown, plant rooting and root growth are not hindered, and plants are preferably grown. Further, the crushed wood 1 is made of raw wood or wood, and is therefore mainly composed of naturally-derived woody constituents such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and therefore has good water retention in combination with the formed voids. Water produced by irrigation and natural precipitation performed on the water 10 is retained in the mat 10 and supplied to the plant to be sown so that its suitable growth is achieved. Further, if there is excess water in the gap due to water absorption of the wood, it is absorbed by the crushed wood 1 and stored. In addition, when excess water is present, drainage is performed through a water channel having a series of voids.
[0033]
  In addition, because the crushed wood 1 of the present plant growing mat 10 is mainly composed of the above-mentioned naturally-derived woody constituent material, the occurrence of moss and decomposers such as earthworms becomes active with the passage of time. The biodegradation proceeds appropriately. And by this biodegradability, the decomposition | disassembly advances with progress of time, and this mat 10 for plant cultivation can be finally changed into the soil which has fertilization effect and a characteristic like humus. What is changing can also be used as compost. By continuous use for about 5 to 6 years or more, the shape of the mat 10 for plant growth is lost, and complete soil formation can be obtained after a time of about several years or more.
[0034]
  In addition, since the plant growing mat 10 is composed of a single layer made of all the raw materials including the crushed wood material 1 in the raw material composition, the manufacturing method separately comprises a plurality of layers as will be described later. In addition, it is greatly simplified as compared with the conventional manufacturing method in which these are combined. Since the crushed wood 1 may use raw wood as a starting material or wood as a starting material, when the raw wood is used as a starting material, the cut raw wood is cut as it is after undergoing a predetermined drying treatment, etc. It can be subjected to a pulverization process, and the manufacturing process can be further simplified. In addition, since thinned wood can be used as a starting material, it can contribute to countermeasures against neglected thinned wood, which is a problem, and can contribute to forest growth. Moreover, when using the offcuts etc. which generate | occur | produce in a timber manufacturing process, it can be set as the effective utilization policy of the offcuts etc. which are thrown away except for a feed use.
[0035]
  Moreover, since the mat 10 for plant growth of the present invention is composed of a single layer made of all raw materials including the crushed wood 1 in the raw material composition, it is compared with a conventional structure in which a plurality of layers are superimposed. The overall thickness can be further reduced. Therefore, even if it is a single layer structure, the seed sowing seed mat can be configured as described later. For example, in this plant growing mat, the thickness can be reduced to a minimum of about 2 cm, and in such a case, the configuration of the seed-seeded mat becomes easier. The thickness can be about 5 cm, or thicker, about 10 cm. In addition, since the overall weight of the plant growing mat can be reduced, the use can be expanded. For example, when the thickness is 5 cm, the weight of this mat before plant sowing is 10 kg / m.²It is as follows. This is because, for example, in the Tokyo Metropolitan Ordinance, the weight of the soil block on the plane for laying is 72 kg / m.²In light of what has been defined as follows, the weight can be considerably reduced, and therefore, the handling and other handling properties are good, which is advantageous for expanding applications.
[0036]
  In addition, since the plant growing mat 10 can include bark in the crushed wood 1, the mat is made of a shape rich in irregularities provided in the bark, a component constituting a plant defense mechanism of the bark, and the like. 10 can be provided with air permeability and antibacterial properties. The bark can be easily included as a part of the crushed wood 1 when raw wood is used as a starting material and the bark is crushed.
[0037]
  In addition, when an appropriate synthetic resin adhesive is used, the plant growing mat 10 can be easily and suitably manufactured.
[0038]
  The mat 10 for plant growth of the present invention thus configured has various plants, such as for turf growth, for other monocotyledonous plant growth, for dicotyledon plant growth, for fungus cultivation and growth such as mushrooms. For fungi cultivation, and used as golf courses, tennis fields, other playgrounds, parks, schools, flower beds, biotopes, gardens, other outdoor planting, on soil, on concrete such as structures, roads Asphalt, etc., slopes of slopes, indoor planting in business establishments and general residences, plants and fungi production site or factory, the purpose of use is environmental beautification, environmental improvement, urban greening, planting, site / It can be used in a wide range of fields such as sports grounds, land conservation, cultivation / horticulture in the field of agriculture and forestry, exteriors, interiors, etc.
[0039]
  Moreover, the plant growing mat 10 of the present invention can be used as a herbicidal measure on the ground by laying it on the ground.
[0040]
  FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing another cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing mat of the present invention. In the figure, in the mat 12 for plant growth, the single layer on the raw material composition described above has a lower breaking strength in the upper part 1A of the mat where plant seeds are sown than in the lower part 1B of the mat.TheHere, the term “breaking strength is low” means that at least one of breakage and breakage is easier or softer when a certain load is applied. Moreover, the depth direction position of the mat | matte upper part 1A and the mat | matte lower part 1B is not limited to the description in the figure which is a conceptual diagram, The former is an area | region closer to the mat | matte upper surface relatively, The area | region where a plant seed can be seed | inoculated It is. On the other hand, the latter is a region closer to the bottom surface of the mat, and is a region where the presence or absence of protrusion of the roots of the plant to be grown on the bottom surface of the mat is considered.
[0041]
[Action]
  In FIG. 2, since the plant growing mat 12 is configured as described above, the mat upper portion 1A is more likely to break during the process of rooting of the plant seeds sown on the mat upper portion 1A and the growth of the roots. Or, since it is soft, rooting and root growth are not hindered, and sufficient rooting for plant growth on the plant growth mat 12 can be achieved. On the other hand, since the mat lower part 1B is harder to break or hard, it is possible to suppress the protrusion of plant roots to the mat bottom surface. That is, if the plant growing mat 12 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 is used, the raw material composition is composed of a single layer, but the effect of good rooting and the bottom surface of the mat are determined by the difference in physical properties between the upper and lower parts. The effect of preventing the protrusion of roots from the roots can be obtained at the same time. Such a difference in physical properties can be configured by different heating conditions on the upper and lower sides of the mat as will be described later.
[0042]
  1 and 2, the plant-growing mats 10 and 12 of the present invention use conifers such as cedar as the tree species related to the crushed wood 1, and the volume ratio of the bark contained therein is 0.3 to 1.0. %, And the moisture content of the crushed wood 1 can be 25% by weight or less.TheThe tree species is not particularly limited, and coniferous raw wood and wood, particularly cedar, can be used. In particular, cedar is suitable as a raw material for the plant growing mat of the present invention, because it has water retention, antibacterial properties, easy securing of raw materials, easy crushing treatment, etc. is there. Furthermore, the use of domestic cedar logs can eliminate the risk of soil contamination due to the chemical substances of the imported timber as described above and soil contamination due to salt contained in the underwater storage trees.
[0043]
  The volume ratio of the bark to the crushed wood can be 0.3 to 1.0% in order to obtain a suitable effect of its aeration and antibacterial effects, but the raw wood is crushed as it is. It may be added in an amount of 0.5 to 0.7%, or about 0.6%, which is generally includedYes.
[0044]
  In addition, the moisture content of the crushed wood 1 can be 25% by weight or less, and can be further reduced to 23% by weight or less.The
[0045]
  In general, the moisture content of raw wood and wood is high, but about 10% of water evaporates due to frictional heat or the like when crushing it. At that time, a film is formed on the wooden pipe of the raw wood and the wood, and the component substances in the wooden pipe are temporarily not easily exposed to the outside. Therefore, this is once dried before the heating step (thermocompression bonding step) in the mat manufacturing described later, and the moisture in the crushed wood is further evaporated. By performing a heat treatment after that, the component substances confined in the wood tube are easily brought out to the outside, and the component substances in the raw wood and wood can be sufficiently utilized in the mat.
[0046]
  The tree species related to the crushed wood constituting the mat for plant growth of the present invention may be a broad-leaved tree. In this case, for example, the use of hardwood is suitable for using the mat for growing plants as a medium for cultivation of mushrooms. As the crushed wood, for example, beech or oak logs / wood can be used, and good growth can be obtained by mushroom cultivation.
[0047]
  FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing mat of the present invention containing particulate coal as a raw material. In the figure, the plant growing mat 13 has a configuration in which particulate charcoal 3 is included in addition to the crushed wood 1 as a raw material.TheThe size of the particulate charcoal 3 corresponds to a wide range from the μm level that can be said to be powdery to the mm level that can be said to be granular as described above. Since charcoal has an action of purifying water quality, in the plant growing mat 13 containing the granular charcoal 3, the water quality of the water retained in the mat is purified, which is effective for suitable growth of the plant to be grown. is there. In addition, charcoal also has a soil improvement effect and the like, and these effects are also exhibited, which is effective for suitable growth of plants grown on a mat.
[0048]
  Although the size range of the granular charcoal 3 is wide as described above, it is generally desirable that the size is smaller in order to further improve the water purification effect of the charcoal. On the other hand, when importance is attached to the sustainability of such an effect, the larger size is generally desirable. Taking these into consideration, one having an appropriate size can be prepared and used.
[0049]
  The content of the granular charcoal 3 can be 30 to 60 parts by weight (particularly, 80 to 130 parts by weight of the adhesive) with respect to 400 to 500 parts by weight of the crushed wood.TheTherefore, as an example, it is good also as 40 weight part of granular charcoal with respect to 450 weight part of crushed wood.
[0050]
  The charcoal used as the granular charcoal 3 is preferably hardwood charcoal. Among these, the use of oak charcoal produced using oak is more desirable in terms of excellent durability of the effect.
[0051]
  FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing mat of the present invention including a substance having a fertilizer component as a raw material. In the figure, the mat 14 for plant growth includes a material 4 having a fertilizer component for the growth of leaves to be grown as the raw material.TheAs the substance 4 having the fertilizer component, urea resin adhesive or other adhesive that can be converted to nitrogen fertilizer can be used.TheIn general, in order to particularly promote the growth of plant leaves, nitrogen fertilizers with nitrogen as the main fertilizer are used, and for this reason they are also called leaf manure. For example, urea resin systems are used as adhesives for synthetic resins used as adhesives. In the case of adopting this adhesive, it can also serve as an action of such leaf manure in the process of decomposition after the start of use. In particular, when the plant growing mat 14 is used for turf cultivation, the green color of the leaf can be stably generated and colored, and the aesthetic appearance is enhanced, thereby providing commercial value for environmental beautification, site maintenance and other uses. Can be increased.
[0052]
  FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of the plant growing mat 15 of the present invention when all the components shown in FIGS. As shown in the drawing, the plant-growing mat 15 has a lower breaking strength in the upper mat portion 1A where plant seeds are sown than in the lower mat portion 1B, so that the seeded plant takes root in the upper mat portion 1A. On the other hand, the mat lower portion 1B has physical properties capable of suppressing the protrusion of plant roots to the bottom surface of the mat, and in addition to the crushed wood material 1 as a raw material, the particulate charcoal 3 and the growth It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the substance 4 (urea resin-based adhesive or the like) having a fertilizing component for the growth of the leaves of the plant is included.
[0053]
  FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the seed sowing plant growing mat of the present invention. In the figure, the present mat 19 has a configuration in which the plant seed 6 is mixed in any one of the plant growing mats 16 described above.TheWith this configuration, it is not necessary to sown seeds on the seed sowing seed-growing mat 19 so that the seeds can be placed on an appropriate place for irrigation, or can be easily brought into a state where natural precipitation is obtained. Can grow plants.
[0054]
  In order to produce the seed sowing seed-growing mat, in consideration of the effect of heat treatment on the seed germination rate, a non-heatable adhesive is used, or a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin-based mat is used. In the case of using an adhesive, for example, in a certain plant species, the knowledge that the germination rate is not affected even by treatment for several days if it is dry heat treatment at about 75 ° C (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Vegetable and Tea Experiment Station) From the established homepage (URL: http://www.afftis.or.jp/shingi/01.htm), etc., by applying heat treatment at a temperature suitable for preventing and reducing germination damage due to heating, Can be manufactured.
[0055]
  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a mat for growing plants according to the present invention. In the figure, the present production method includes a mixture of crushed wood 1 obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive 5 for solidifying the crushed wood 1 and mixing and stirring raw materials made of other necessary materials. The crushed wood 1 is pressure-bonded by applying a pressure treatment to the stirring step P1 and the mixture 9 obtained by the stirring step P1 to form a plate-shaped plant growing mat 10 The crimping process P2 to be performed is provided as a basic process, and the plant growing mat 10 of the present invention can be manufactured through each process.TheAn appropriate stirring device and pressurizing device can be used for the mixing and stirring process in the stirring process P1 and the pressure-bonding process in the pressure-bonding process P2, respectively.
[0056]
[Action]
  In the figure, since the present production flow is configured as described above, in the agitation step P1, a raw material including at least a crushed wood 1 obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive 5 for solidifying the crushed wood 1 Are mixed and agitated to obtain a mixture 9, and then, in the pressure bonding step P <b> 2, the mixture 9 is subjected to pressure treatment so that the crushed wood material 1 is pressure-bonded, and a plant-growing mat 10 having a plate-like shape is obtained. It is formed. Since the basic flow has such a simple configuration, the manufacturing process is greatly simplified as compared with the conventional method, which can contribute to a reduction in manufacturing cost.
[0057]
  FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a plant-growing mat according to the present invention in which the crimping process is a thermocompression bonding process. In the figure, the present manufacturing method includes at least a crushed wood 1 obtained by crushing raw wood, and a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin-based adhesive 5 for solidifying the crushed wood 1, and the other necessary. A stirring process P1 in which raw materials made of materials are mixed and stirred to form a mixture 9, and a pressure-bonding process in which the crushed wood material 1 is pressure-bonded by applying pressure to the mixture 9 obtained in the stirring process P1; In addition, the mixture 9 is provided with a heat pressing process P20 in which heat treatment is performed on the mixture 9 and the crushed wood 1 is consolidated, and the plant growing mat 20 of the present invention is obtained through each process. Can be manufacturedTheFor the thermocompression bonding process in the thermocompression bonding step P20, an appropriate crimping apparatus having a heating function can be used, and for example, a press machine with a heating function can be used. As a heating method, an appropriate method such as high-frequency heating or gas heating can be used.
[0058]
  That is, in the thermocompression bonding step P20, the mixture 9 made of the crushed wood 1 or the like is subjected to a pressure treatment on the mixture 9 and is subjected to a heat treatment on the mixture 9, whereby the mixture 9 The thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin-based adhesive 5 contained therein acts by heating, and the crushed wood 1 is consolidated to produce the plant growing mat 20. In addition, when the adhesive 5 is a thermoplastic resin system such as ethylene-vinyl acetate, the cooling step (see FIG. 5) for curing the adhesive and completing the consolidation of the crushed wood 1 after the thermocompression bonding step P20. Not shown). When the adhesive 5 is a thermosetting resin system such as urea resin, the adhesive is cured and the crushed wood 1 is completely consolidated in the thermocompression bonding step P20.
[0059]
  In FIG. 8, in the thermocompression bonding step P20, the mixture 9 is heated from both the upper and lower sides, and the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat on which plant seeds are sown is higher than the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat. It can be a process that is heat-treated under low conditionsTheIn order to heat the mixture 9 from both up and down directions, for example, a base on which the mixture 9 is placed is a metal base that can be heat-treated, and a metal plate that can be heat-treated for pressure treatment from above is provided. The provided heating / pressurizing apparatus can be used. In this case, each of the metal base and the plate becomes a heat source for the heat treatment. For example, a press machine with a heating function can be used.
[0060]
  In the figure, in the thermocompression bonding step P20, the heating temperature at the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C. to 140 ° C. at the heat source, while the heating temperature at the lower side of the mat is 120 ° C. to 170 ° C. at the heat source. And canTheWithin these temperature ranges, for example, the heating temperature at the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C. to 120 ° C. (with a heat source), while the heating temperature at the lower side of the mat is 130 ° C. to 160 ° C. (with a heat source). Thus, the production of the mat for growing plants of the present invention in which the physical properties of the upper part of the mat and the lower part of the mat are different can be performed satisfactorily.
[0061]
  That is, by making the heating temperature different as described above, in the upper portion of the mat subjected to the lower temperature heat treatment, the crushed wood material 1 is consolidated in a state where the breaking strength is smaller, and therefore more It is configured to be easily broken or soft, and can promote rooting and root growth of the plant to be sown. On the other hand, in the lower part of the mat subjected to higher temperature heat treatment, the crushed wood material 1 is consolidated in a state where the breaking strength is higher, and thus is configured to be harder to break or hard. The protrusion of the root to the bottom can be suppressed.
[0062]
  In the manufacturing flows shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the plant growing mat manufacturing method of the present invention, particulate charcoal can be included as the raw material (not shown).TheBy including particulate charcoal, it is possible to add a water purification action to the plant growing mat as described above.
[0063]
【Example】
  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail with an Example, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited by these Examples.
[0064]
<Example 1>
  A plant growing mat for growing lawn was produced under the following conditions.
  Tree species: thinned cedar.
  Wood particle forming means: Formed by cutting and grinding raw wood as it is.
[0065]
    Raw material mixing conditions:
      Crushed wood (hereinafter also referred to as “wood particles”) 4500 g (a wood particle product made from domestic cedar that is manufactured and supplied by the applicant of the present application. Trade name “Biogran”)(Registered trademark))
      400g of powdered charcoal with oak charcoal
      1000g of urea resin adhesive
      Hardener 22g to ensure the effectiveness of the adhesive
      5922g in total
    Finished size: Length 1000mm, width 300mm, thickness 50mm
    Finished product weight: 5450 g (Because a part of the water is evaporated and removed during the process, the total product weight is reduced.)
[0066]
    Means of thermocompression bonding process: A heating type press is used.
    Heating method: gas heating.
    Heating condition: In the gas heating method, since the degree of adhesion is better in the case of comparatively gentle heating using heat retention treatment with partial residual heat than in rapid heating, heat treatment is performed under the following conditions. It was.
[0067]
    [I] A mixture obtained by mixing and stirring raw materials such as wood particles, an adhesive, and pulverized coal is placed on a table (flat plate) of a press machine, and the table is heated to 130 to 160 ° C. The mixture is heat treated from below.
    [II] A pressure plate provided above is lowered onto the mixture, and a pressure of about 1 t / m 2 is applied to compress and mold the mixture into a plate shape.
    [III] The pressure plate is heated to 100 to 120 ° C. to heat the compressed mixture from above. The heat treatment from above and below is continued for about 10 minutes.
    [IV] Stop heating the upper and lower heat sources (the table and the pressure plate), and continue heating the mixture gently for about 10 to 15 minutes with the remaining heat. By this treatment, heat is gently distributed to the middle part of the mat, and the wood particles are consolidated.
    [V] After completion of the heat treatment by residual heat, the plant is appropriately cooled to obtain a plant growing mat.
[0068]
  When turf was sown on the grass growing mat for lawn produced in this way, each of the effects of moderate water retention, good rooting, suppression of root protrusion from the bottom, and prevention of water quality degradation. It was played and was suitable for grass cultivation. At the top of the mat where the turf is sown, the wood particles are relatively fragile, but there is no problem in handling, and the entire mat is joined in a rigid state, and rooting and root growth are The rooting was good without being inhibited. In addition, at the bottom of the mat, the protrusion of the root to the bottom surface of the mat was suppressed.
[0069]
<Example 2>
  Plant mats for growing mushrooms were produced under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that beech was adopted as the tree species related to the wood particles. Shiitake mushroom was selected as the mushroom inoculum.
  As a result, shiitake mushrooms grew well on the mat, indicating that the plant growing mat of the present invention is suitable for fungal cultivation.
[0070]
<Example 3>
  In the production of a mat for lawn cultivation in Example 1, the heating method of the press used in the thermocompression bonding process is not gas heating but high-frequency heating, and the other conditions are basically the same as those in Example 1 for lawn cultivation. A plant growing mat was manufactured.
  As a result, it was possible to significantly shorten the thermocompression processing time by employing high frequency heating. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the uniformity of the heat treatment can be improved and is suitable for mass production.
[0071]
【The invention's effect】
  Since the plant growing mat and its manufacturing method of the present invention are configured as described above, it has biodegradability using raw wood as a main raw material, and greatly simplifies the manufacturing process, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. Enlargement can be easily realized. Moreover, since it can be composed of a single layer in terms of the raw material composition, the thickness of the mat can be reduced, the structure of the seeded mat can be facilitated, and the application can be expanded by reducing the weight.
[0072]
  In addition, when using domestic raw wood and timber, the mat can be made into soil with no environmental impact compared to imported wood, which has a high environmental impact risk due to chemical contamination. Use of thinned wood can contribute to forest growth.
[0073]
  Further, the use of granular charcoal makes it possible to prevent water quality deterioration in the mat. Further, by using a nitrogen-containing adhesive that can be a fertilizing component such as a urea resin adhesive as an adhesive, it is possible to have a growth effect on plant leaves and improve the quality of plant growth.
[0074]
  In addition, it is possible to design the physical properties of the mat according to the heat treatment conditions in the mat manufacturing process, improve the rooting of the plant to be sown, and suppress the protrusion of the root from the bottom surface of the mat.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing mat according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing another cross-sectional configuration of the plant growing mat of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a plant growing mat of the present invention containing particulate carbon as a raw material.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a plant growing mat of the present invention containing a substance having a fertilizer component as a raw material.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of the plant growing mat 15 of the present invention when all the components shown in FIGS.
FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a seed sowing plant growing mat according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a mat for growing plants according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a plant-growing mat according to the present invention in which the crimping step is a thermocompression bonding step.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... crushed wood
1A ... Mat top
1B ... under the mat
3 ... Particulate charcoal
4 ... Substances with fertilizers for leaf growth
5 ... Adhesive
6 ... Seeds
9 ... mixture
10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20 ... mat for plant growth
19 ... Mats for seed growing plants
P1 ... Stirring step
P2 ... Crimping process
P20 ... Thermocompression bonding process

Claims (11)

It is formed by crushing raw wood or crushed wood (hereinafter collectively referred to as “timber crushed material”) and solidifying it using an adhesive. The crushed wood contains bark, the adhesive is a synthetic resin adhesive, and the single layer is made up of plant seeds. In the upper part of the mat, the breaking strength is lower than in the lower part of the mat so that the upper part has sufficient physical properties for the seeded plants to take root, while in the lower part, to the bottom of the mat of plant roots. A plant-growing mat having physical properties capable of suppressing the protrusion of the plant, and capable of growing a plant by such a configuration . The tree species related to the crushed wood is a conifer such as cedar, the volume ratio of the bark contained therein is 0.3 to 1.0%, and the moisture content of the crushed wood is 25% by weight or less. The plant growing mat according to claim 1 , wherein: The tree species related to the crushed wood is a conifer such as cedar, the volume ratio of bark contained therein is 0.5 to 0.7%, and the moisture content of the crushed wood is 23% by weight or less. The plant growing mat according to claim 2 , wherein The plant growing mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein particulate carbon is included as the raw material. The plant growing mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the raw material contains a substance having a fertilizing component for the growth of leaves of the plant to be grown. The plant growing mat according to claim 5 , wherein the substance having a fertilizer component is a urea resin adhesive or other adhesive. Wherein the plant seeds are mixed in the mat plant growing according to claims 1 to 6, mats for seed seeded plant growth. A stirring step of mixing and stirring a raw material containing at least a crushed wood obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive for consolidating the crushed wood into a mixture, and the mixture obtained by the stirring step is crimped the wood crushed by pressurizing Te and Ri Na and a bonding step of forming a mat plant growing of the plate-like body, a thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin-based adhesive as the adhesive The pressure bonding step is a heat pressure bonding step in which the mixture is heated together and the crushed wood product is consolidated, and in the heat pressure bonding step, the mixture is heated from both the upper and lower sides. A method for producing a mat for growing plants, characterized in that the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat on which plant seeds are sowed is lower than the heating temperature on the lower side of the mat. A stirring step of mixing and stirring a raw material containing at least a crushed wood obtained by crushing raw wood and an adhesive for consolidating the crushed wood into a mixture, and the mixture obtained by the stirring step is crimped the wood crushed by pressurizing Te and Ri Na and a bonding step of forming a mat plant growing of the plate-like body, a thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin-based adhesive as the adhesive The pressure bonding step is a heat pressure bonding step in which the mixture is heated and the crushed wood product is consolidated , and the heating temperature on the upper side of the mat is 100 ° C. in the heat source. A method for producing a mat for growing plants, characterized in that the heating temperature on the side of the mat lower side is from 120 ° C to 170 ° C in the heat source . The method for producing a plant-growing mat according to claim 8 or 9 , wherein the raw material contains particulate charcoal. The plant growing mat according to claim 10 , wherein the weight composition of the raw material is 400 to 500 parts by weight of crushed wood, 80 to 130 parts by weight of adhesive, and 30 to 60 parts by weight of particulate charcoal. Manufacturing method.

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