JP2003092925A - Base for growing plant and spraying greening method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a base for growing plants and a spraying greening method effective for greening base rocks or slopes having little amount of soil. SOLUTION: The base for growing plants consists mainly of a formulated material comprising a fully ripened bark compost and kenaf pulp, or that comprising a chip material, sewage compost and kenaf pulp. The spraying greening method comprises the following process: mixing the base material for growing plants with water, seeds and the like to be used for greening, spraying the resultant mixture on the base rocks, slopes or the like having little amount of soil for growing plants using a wet spraying machine to form a soil layer of 10-100 mm.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant growth base material containing kenaf pulp and a spray greening method therefor, and particularly to a plant growth base material and a spray greening method effective for greening rocks, slopes and the like with little plant growing soil. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grasses, flowers, trees, etc. for revegetation are used to protect the rocks and slopes with a small amount of plant-grown soil, which are formed by road construction and land development, in order to preserve the landscape and preserve the landscape. Vegetation is being planted for greening. One of such greening methods is a soil improvement material that is a mixture of bark compost and peat moss.
A spraying method is known in which a vegetation base material mixed with plant seeds, a polymeric binder, a fertilizer and the like is sprayed on the slope with a spraying machine. This spraying method is effective for work on a wide range of slopes with a lot of plant-grown soil, but on rocks and slopes with few plant-grown soils, it lacks the function as a base stabilizer for slopes. Moreover, it is difficult for the soil conditioner sprayed on the slope to stabilize the germination and growth of plants due to soil erosion and scattering due to rainfall and wind.

Therefore, in place of the spraying method, seeds of vegetation material, soil improving material, water retaining material, fertilizer, etc. are interposed between two water-decomposable sheets, and the sheets are heat-set in a lattice pattern to form a vegetation zone. Is also known. In addition, wood pulp was beaten and fibrillated with organic soil conditioners such as peat moss and bark, and mixed with seeds and dried to form a water-decomposable thin sheet vegetation zone (Japanese Patent Publication No.
68971) or a thick mat-like fiber aggregate made of synthetic fiber and a thin water-decomposable sheet, and a vegetation substrate made of vegetation seeds, fertilizers, soil improvers and the like interposed and joined together to form an integrated vegetation substrate. 9-3904) and the like are also proposed.

[0004]

In the method of revegetation such as slopes using these vegetation zones, vegetation materials, especially on rocks and slopes where there is little plant growing soil, are lost by slipping or scattering due to rainfall or wind. The risk of damage to the vegetation zone is somewhat reduced, but the cost of manufacturing the vegetation zone is high, and if the slope is wide, manpower is required to lay the vegetation zone. In view of the present situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide a plant growth base material and a spray greening method that are particularly effective for greening rocks, slopes, and the like with a small amount of plant growing soil, without requiring manpower.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of studies conducted by the present inventors in order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, it was found that a bark compost or a plant-growing base material mainly composed of a mixed material consisting of chip material and kenaf pulp is resistant to soil erosion. The present invention was completed by finding out that the germination rate of seeds and seeds is high.

[0006] That is, the plant growth base material of the present invention is (1) a plant growth base material characterized by containing as a main component a compounding material consisting of fully ripe bark compost and kenaf pulp. (2) A plant growth base material, which is characterized in that a main component is a compound material composed of chip material, sewage compost and kenaf pulp. Here, the compounding ratio (volume percentage) of kenaf pulp in the plant growth base material of the present invention is 1
0-30% is preferable.

The method of spraying greenery of the present invention is (3) mixing the water and green seeds with the plant growth base material described in (1) or (2) above to reduce the amount of soil for plant growth by a wet spraying machine. 10-100mm by spraying on rock or slope
A spraying greening method characterized by forming a soil layer. (4) A spray greening method described in (3) is a gist of a wire net or a fiber net fixed in advance with an anchor pin or the like and then sprayed on a rock surface, a slope, or the like with little plant growing soil.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. First, the bark compost used in the present invention is one obtained by composting bark or the like and fully ripening, and a bark compost generally available on the market can be used. Further, as the chip material, those generally marketed under the name of pulverized wood material can be used. In the plant growth base material of the present invention, bark compost or unripe chip material and sewage compost are 70 to 90% in volume percentage, and kenaf pulp is 30 to 10%.
A mixed material having a blending ratio of% is preferable.

Here, kenaf is a member of the same family as hibiscus, which is an annual plant of the mallow family, which grows quickly and reaches a stem thickness of about 4 to 5 cm and a height of 4 to 5 m in about half a year. Since kenaf has a faster photosynthetic rate than other plants, it can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide, suppressing the increase in carbon dioxide, which is a major cause of global warming, though slightly. can do. Kenaf pulp is a fiber that is harvested from the skin and core of this kenaf, and is a non-wood resource that has been drawing attention as a raw material for paper because it provides the performance and texture closest to that of wood pulp.

As the characteristics of kenaf pulp, many excellent fibers have high slope stability. It is highly breathable and water retentive and promotes plant growth. It has fertilizing power. Light weight and easy to handle. Since it is a natural material, it has excellent properties as a plant growth base material such as no environmental load. In the present invention, taking advantage of the characteristics of such kenaf pulp,
Of the bark compost and peat moss growth base materials that are conventionally used in thick-layer base material spraying, peat moss is replaced with kenaf pulp and used as a plant growth base material. Alternatively, it is effectively used as a plant growth base material by mixing with a chip material.

[0011] Usually, in order to produce pulp for papermaking from wood, mechanical pulp produced by mechanically treating the raw material, chemical pulp produced by chemical treatment, or chemical treatment and mechanical treatment are used in combination. Semi-chemical pulp is known. However, chemical pulp is unsuitable as a slope greening base material in that fibers are easily dissolved or easily cut into short pieces. A beating machine is used in the production of mechanical pulp for papermaking, but the action of swelling ko (glue) by cutting the raw material fibers into short pieces in water, vertically splitting them, or crushing them Therefore, it is desirable to use a beating machine in which the fibers in the pulp exist in the longest possible state as the slope protection material.

A specific method for producing the kenaf pulp used in the present invention will be described. a) Dry the cut kenaf and pulp it with a crusher. b) Pulped kenaf is used as a slope greening base material in the form of bagging.

Next, the slope greening method of the present invention will be described. (1) Prepare a plant growth base material containing bark compost or a mixture of chip material and sewage compost as a main component so that the content of dried kenaf pulp is 10 to 30%. In this case, it is desirable to appropriately change the mixing ratio of the two depending on the presence or absence of plant growing soil such as rocks and slopes and the degree of gradient. (2) Next, the plant growth base material is put into a wet spraying machine, and here, water and a vegetation base material such as seeds of a fixed planting seed are appropriately mixed. Alternatively, the water is sent to the tip of the spray nozzle by a pressure feed hose on a separate line and mixed.

(3) Spraying is carried out by using a spraying machine used in a usual spraying method to a bedrock or slope to a thickness of 10 to 100 mm. (4) Directly spray onto the rock mass or slope, or fix the wire mesh or fiber net to the slope beforehand with anchor pins or the like and spray onto it.

At this time, the applicable soil quality such as rock mass and slope is not particularly limited, and may be rock mass without plant growing soil,
Alternatively, it is also effective for ordinary soil, sandy soil, cohesive soil, and mixed soil. Further, the inclination angle of the slope to be sprayed is not particularly limited and may be arbitrary, and may be applied to a flat ground having an inclination angle close to 0 ° in some cases.

In the present invention described above, after spraying, the bark compost or chip material is fixed by covering the bedrock or slope with a thick layer in a state where the bark compost or chip material is intertwined with each other in the kenaf pulp fiber layer. This thick layer prevents cracks due to drying, is highly breathable and retains water, and acts as a greening material suitable for germination and growth of plant seeds. In particular, kenaf pulp has a longer fiber than peat moss, and therefore has a strong binding strength with bedrock and slope soil and exerts an effect of preventing soil erosion and seed runoff.

[0017]

EXAMPLES Specific examples of the present invention will be described below.
First, a method for producing kenaf pulp used below will be described. Dry the cut kenaf. The dried kenaf is treated with a crusher with a screen (chipper shredder; manufactured by Toko Sangyo Co., Ltd.) that can adjust the size of the kenaf pulp after crushing, and the length of the fiber in the leather part is about 20 mm and the diameter is about 100 μm. To finish. In this case, the core is left in the crushed state.

Examples 1 to 9 The following three types of fully ripe bark compost 95% and dried kenaf pulp 5
% And water 90% fully ripe bark compost and dried kenaf pulp 1
0% and water 80% fully ripe bark compost and dried kenaf pulp 2
A material consisting of 0% and water is mixed by a wet spraying machine (mortar spraying machine), and at the same time, seeds {woods (Yamahagi, Komatsuna), native herbs (Medohagi), exotic herbs (Tall fescue, creeping red fes)} was blended to prepare three types of wet spray base materials. A slope having a slope of 1: 1.2 and a small amount of plant-growing soil is prepared in advance (a) A slope (3) having a rhomboid wire mesh fixed in advance with anchor pins.
Section), (b) Rhombic wire net not fixed (3 sections), (c) Rhombic wire mesh not fixed (3 sections), divided into 9 sections, and each of these slopes is described above. 3 types of wet sprayed plant growth base materials were sprayed on each section to form 9 types of soil layers having a thickness of about 50 mm.
However, a soil layer was formed by spraying a mixture of the above-mentioned three types of plant growth base materials with a polymer binder only in the three sections on the slope of (c).

In any of the slopes, there is little effect on the difference between the three types of plant growth base materials, and the binding strength with the bedrock and slope soil after spraying is strong, and the coating is rich in air permeability and water retention. The material had been formed. As a result of examining the situation of the plant growth base material sprayed on each section of the slope for half a year, three types of wet spray base materials of the present invention were: (a) a method in which a rhomboid wire mesh was previously fixed with anchor pins. Surface, (b) slope without fixed diamond wire mesh, (c) slope without fixed diamond wire mesh (however, a mixture of the above three types of base materials with a polymeric binder is used) In all, the germination status and growth condition of seeds were extremely good, and the loss of vegetation material due to slipping or scattering due to rainfall or wind, etc. It was confirmed that there was no soil erosion. In addition, even if compared with the case of using a commercially available soil conditioner described below, the germination status and growth state of seeds, and the binding strength with bedrock and slope soil, etc. are not inferior and practical. It was confirmed to be excellent. Since kenaf pulp is lighter in weight and longer in fiber than peat moss, it is expected that kenaf pulp is superior to the commercially available soil conditioner in preventing erosion of slope soil over a long period of time.

Examples 10 to 15 The following three kinds of chip materials and sewage compost 90%, dried kenaf pulp 10%, water chip material and sewage compost 80%, dried kenaf pulp 20%, water chip material and sewage compost 70%, A material composed of 30% of dried kenaf pulp and a ratio of water was mixed by a wet spraying machine (mortar spraying machine), and the same seeds as in Examples 1 to 9 were mixed to prepare three kinds of wet spraying base materials. Was adjusted. Example 1
9 to 9 (a) a slope with a small amount of plant growth soil (a) a slope (3 sections) in which a rhomboid wire mesh was previously fixed with anchor pins,
(B) 6 of the slope (3 sections) where the diamond wire mesh is not fixed
Each of these slopes was divided into sections, and the above-mentioned three types of wet spray plant growth base materials were sprayed onto each section to form six types of soil layers having a thickness of about 50 mm.

As a result of examining the condition of the plant growth base material sprayed on the slopes 6 and 8 months after construction, (a) slopes in which the diamond wire mesh was previously fixed with anchor pins, (b) diamond wire mesh In both of the slopes that did not fix, the difference between the three types of plant growth base materials was hardly affected,
It was confirmed that there was no loss of vegetation material due to slipping or scattering due to rainfall or wind, and soil erosion. It was confirmed that the germination status and growth status of the seeds were also very good. Also, the germination status and growth state of seeds, even when compared with the case of using a commercially available soil improvement material using peat moss described below,
Moreover, it was confirmed that there was no inferiority in terms of binding strength with bedrock or slope soil, and that it was excellent in practicality. Since kenaf pulp is lighter in weight and longer in fiber than peat moss, it is expected that kenaf pulp is superior to the commercially available soil conditioner in preventing erosion of slope soil over a long period of time.

Comparative Examples 1-2 A commercially available soil conditioner (Catorvan: Wright Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 100% containing the following one type of bark compost and peat moss was mixed with a polymer binder and water. The seeds were changed to prepare wet spray base materials in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3. (A) Slope 1 section preliminarily fixed with rhombus wire netting by anchor pins on the slope with less plant growth soil, which was sectioned adjacent to the above Examples 1 to 9, (b) Method without fixing rhombus wire netting One surface section was provided, and the wet sprayed plant growth base material was sprayed on each section to form a soil layer having a thickness of about 50 mm.

As a result of investigating the condition of the plant growth base material sprayed on the slope, it was found that (a) the slope in which the diamond wire mesh was previously fixed with anchor pins, and (b) the slope where the diamond wire mesh was not fixed. However, it was confirmed that the vegetation material was not lost by slipping or scattering due to rainfall or wind, and that there was no soil erosion. It was confirmed that the germination and growth of seeds were also good.

[0024]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the plant growth base material of the present invention is not inferior to commercially available soil improving materials and exhibits excellent effects on rocks and slopes. As explained above, the ripe bark compost and kenaf pulp of the present invention, or a plant growth base material whose main component is a mixed material consisting of chip material and sewage compost and kenaf pulp, especially on rocks and slopes with little plant growth soil. By spraying, it covers the sloped soil after spraying with greenery, and is a coating material that is rich in crack prevention, air permeability and water retention, and promotes plant growth. As a result, the germination rate of seeds of the vegetation base material was good, and 1
Since it is a 00% biodegradable plant fiber, it is completely decomposed on the sloped soil and leaves no residue. Moreover, since kenaf pulp is lighter in weight and longer in fiber than peat moss used as a commercially available soil conditioner, it is expected to exhibit action effects such as excellent prevention of slope soil erosion over a long period of time.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Yasuhisa Mitsuya             4-5-5, Dandan Kitakita 4-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Ceremony Company Denden Environmental Greening Center (72) Inventor Ouchi Public Safety             4-35, 4th, 9th North, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Within Ito Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hajime Futami             4-35, 4th, 9th North, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo             Within Ito Industry Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2B022 AB02 AB04 AB20 BA02 BA13                       BA15 BB01                 2D044 DA32

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A plant growth base material whose main component is a compounding material composed of fully ripe bark compost and kenaf pulp. 2. A plant growth base material containing as a main component a compound material comprising chip material, sewage compost and kenaf pulp. 3. The plant growth base material according to claim 1 or 2 is mixed with water and vegetative seeds and sprayed onto a bedrock or slope with little plant growth soil by a wet spraying machine for 10 to 100 m.
A spraying greening method characterized by forming m soil layers. 4. The spray greening method according to claim 3, wherein a wire net or a fiber net is previously fixed to the bedrock, slope or the like having a small amount of plant growing soil, and the net is sprayed from above.