WO2004079766A1 - 電子放射素子、蛍光体発光素子及び画像描画装置 - Google Patents
電子放射素子、蛍光体発光素子及び画像描画装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004079766A1 WO2004079766A1 PCT/JP2004/002847 JP2004002847W WO2004079766A1 WO 2004079766 A1 WO2004079766 A1 WO 2004079766A1 JP 2004002847 W JP2004002847 W JP 2004002847W WO 2004079766 A1 WO2004079766 A1 WO 2004079766A1
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- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOYFEXPFPVDYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl ZOYFEXPFPVDYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(phenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ORVMIVQULIKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQLLQQWSNWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxymethylsilane Chemical compound COC([SiH3])(OC)OC TUQLLQQWSNWKCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/30—Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode
- H01J1/304—Field-emissive cathodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/30—Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode
- H01J1/312—Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode having an electric field perpendicular to the surface, e.g. tunnel-effect cathodes of metal-insulator-metal [MIM] type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
- H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
- H01J31/123—Flat display tubes
- H01J31/125—Flat display tubes provided with control means permitting the electron beam to reach selected parts of the screen, e.g. digital selection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
- H01J9/025—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes of field emission cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2329/00—Electron emission display panels, e.g. field emission display panels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electron emission device, a body, and a scythe painting apparatus using an electron drawing material having a network skeleton as an electron emission layer.
- Background scythe
- Electron digging from a solid surface includes 1) thermionic emission, which emits electrons when heat is applied, and 2) electric field electron emission, which emits electrons when an electric field is applied.
- thermionic emission which emits electrons when heat is applied
- electric field electron emission which emits electrons when an electric field is applied.
- FE type emitter an electric field-type liquor cold cathode emitter (FE type emitter) that does not require heating.
- FE type emitter for example, a Spindt type, a thin film and the like are known.
- Spindt-type electron emission eaves are the basic type of FE-type emitter. Its action is, silicon (S i), molybdenum (M o) high field O 1 X 1 0 9 V / m above ⁇ minute conical emitter tip formed by a refractory metal material such as) Is applied to cause electrons to be emitted into a vacuum (for example, see US Pat. No. 3,665,241).
- Thin JI light electron emission Hatako is a development of Spindt-type electron emission ⁇ ?. This causes electrons to be emitted from a planar emitter without using a micro-circle such as a Spindt type. In this nail, since the Emi-shaped shape is flat, the electrical effect obtained by the conical structure cannot be expected much. For this reason, the emitter material applicable to the thin electron emitting device is limited.
- Carbon materials such as amorphous carbon films, diamond, and carbon nanotubes (CNT) are known as materials for emission (see, for example, JP-A-8-505259, See Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-282 715 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-0 121 24).
- CNT is a fine tube-shaped material (diameter: several to several ten nm order) having a shape obtained by winding a six-membered ring net consisting of only carbon into a cylindrical shape. It is conductive and has a large shape with a large aspect ratio. For this reason, among the carbon materials, it is particularly effective Promising.
- the electron acceleration layer is made of porous silica.
- porous silica film a material in which graphite or silicon is precipitated in the pores is used, but it is premised that the porous silica film is arranged with the extraction electrode.
- a thin electron-emitting device is more advantageous than a Spindt-type electron-emitting device in terms of stability or large area.
- materials for emitters having such desired characteristics are limited. That is, unless the material or Tsuruta structure is controlled, it cannot be used as an emitter material.
- CNTs As described above, various carbon-based materials have been studied as a promising example of the emitter material, but materials other than CNT have not yet obtained sufficient characteristics. For this reason, CNTs must be relied on as emitter materials. However, CNTs, which are currently considered to be the best materials, are still expensive and are not suitable for industrial-scale production. Another problem is that CNT is difficult to handle because it is in powder form.
- an object of the present invention is to solve the problem of leakage and efficiently provide an electron-emitting device having excellent performance of 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 5 ( ⁇ » ⁇ or higher) or more. .
- the present invention provides the following electronic devices: Pertaining to the location.
- the electron emitting layer includes an electron emitting material that conducts electrons in an electric field, and the electron emitting material is: (1) a porous body having a network structure skeleton; and (2) a network structure skeleton having an inner surface and a surface structure. (3) The surface part contains an electron-emitting component, (4) The inside is at least one of i) a volatile material and a semi-elevating material, ⁇ ) a space or iii) «F Emissions occupied by at least one kind of raw material and space».
- a phosphor including an anode part having a phosphor layer and electron emission, wherein the anode part and the electron emission eave are arranged so that electrons emitted from the electron emitting element cause the phosphor layer to emit light. And the terrible electron emission ⁇ ?
- Anode part with phosphor layer; and multiple electrons arranged in two ways An image drawing apparatus, comprising: a dimension element; wherein the anode section and the electron emission section are arranged so that electrons emitted from the electron dimension dimension cause a phosphor layer to be emitted.
- An e-fiber painting device whose radiant sheave is the eaves described in Foreword 1.
- a porous body having a network structure skeleton (2) the network structure skeleton is composed of an inner part and a surface part, (3) the surface part contains an electronic square component, and (4) (1) At least one of raw material and semi-fibrous material, i) space or insulated material and at least one of semi-conductive material and electronic space occupied by space M3i method,
- a carbon material is applied to an inorganic oxide gel having a network structure skeleton to emit electrons made of a material containing carbon.
- Thigh gel is used as the inorganic oxide gel, and in step A, a carbon material is added to the gel to increase the number of carbon-containing materials.
- Item 13 The $ Si method according to the above item 13 for performing a step of obtaining a transparent body.
- a porous body having a network skeleton (2) a network structure skeleton is composed of an inner part and a surface part, (3) a surface part contains an electron emission component, and (4) an inner part.
- a fibrous material and a semi-elevating material i) at least one of a fibrous material and a semi-elevating material, ⁇ ) a space or iii) at least one of an insulating material and a semi-elastic material and the difficulty of the electron emission material occupied by the space.
- a production method comprising: a step B of providing a carbon precursor to an inorganic oxide gel having a network structure skeleton and carbonizing the obtained carbon precursor-containing gel to obtain an electron-emitting material composed of a carbon-containing material. 22.
- a wet gel is used as the inorganic oxide gel, and in step B, a carbon precursor is applied to the wet gel, and the obtained carbon precursor-containing gel is dried to form a carbon fiber.
- 21. The s3 ⁇ 4t ⁇ method according to the above item 21 in which a step of obtaining a porous body as a carbon-containing material by performing carbonization treatment on the common fiber gel after obtaining a precursor-containing dried gel is performed.
- step B A wet gel is used as the inorganic oxide gel, and in step B, a carbon precursor is applied to the wet gel, and the inorganic oxide is obtained from the resultant gel containing the carbon precursor.
- step B a carbon precursor is applied to the wet gel, and the inorganic oxide is obtained from the resultant gel containing the carbon precursor.
- Fig. 1 is a diagram that simulates the Kanta structure of the reticulated skeleton.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an electron emission component network having a network skeleton.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic component structure composed of a network skeleton and having a hollow skeleton.
- FIG. 4 is a drawing illustrating an example of the process of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the $ 3 ⁇ 4a process of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a drawing showing an example of the weaving process of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the electron emission of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a phosphor light-emitting eave using electron emission
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an image fiber device in which a plurality of electron emitters »are arranged two or more times.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the other field electron emission.
- Electron Xiao material (Electronic X-ray component mixing structure)
- Control power supply 100 anode
- the electron emission eaves of the present invention include: (a) m (b) a lower electrode layer provided on a disgusting Si substrate; (c) an electron emission layer provided on the lower electrode layer; and (d) the electron emission layer provided on the lower electrode layer.
- An electron emitting element having a control electrode layer arranged so as not to contact the emitting layer,
- the electron emitting layer includes an electron emitting material that measures an electron in an electric field, wherein the electron emitting material is (1) a porous body having a network structure skeleton; (3) The surface part contains the electron emission component, (4) The inside is at least one of the material and the raw material 1 ⁇ raw material, ⁇ ) space or iii) « Material and at least one of the ⁇ ⁇ » Let that be «.
- the electron emitting material (hereinafter, also referred to as “material of the present invention”) in the present invention emits electrons in an electric field, and specifically, a material satisfying the following (1) to (4) is used.
- the electronic material is (1) a porous body having a network structure skeleton, (2) the network structure skeleton is composed of an inner part and a surface part, and (3) the surface part contains an electron emission component;
- the interior is occupied by i) at least one kind of slender material and semi-friendly material, ⁇ ) space or iii) at least one kind of thread-like material and half-cage material and space.
- the material of the present invention may be one that has been pulverized as long as the requirements (1) to (4) are satisfied.
- powders having a mean tree of 0.5 m or more and 50 or less are also included in the material of the present invention.
- the porous mesh skeleton has a three-mesh structure. It is preferable that the skeleton has a plurality of skeletons.
- the skeleton is desirably a network in which fine solid components (linear bodies) having a thickness of about 2 to 30 nm are entangled in a network, and the gaps are voids.
- the porous body is a solid substance having a knitting hole or independent pores. This can be produced by methods such as molding of base material powder, powder molding, chemical foaming, physical foaming, and sol-gel method, as described later.
- the bulk density of porous material, BET specific surface area and average Iffl diameter are, «Material @ page 1, many? It can be set according to the purpose and use of the body.
- the bulk density is usually in the range of 10 to 500 kgm 3 f 3 ⁇ 4 especially in the range of 50 to 400 kg gm 3 ⁇ It is good to determine the surface area, usually about 50-150 m 2 Zg, In particular, M: can be set within the range of 100 to 100 Om 3 / g.
- Specific surface area is nitrogen adsorption method Brunauer 1 This is a value measured by the 'Emmett' Teller method (hereinafter abbreviated as the BET method).
- the average yarn ffl? L diameter of the porous body can be determined usually in the range of 1 to: L000 nm, particularly in the range of 5 to 50 nm.
- the surface portion includes an electron emitting component.
- the electron emission component may be any as long as it has a function of emitting electrons in an electric field (field emission function).
- field emission function a function of emitting electrons in an electric field
- a material having a wide bandgap and a material having a small work function (electron affinity) value are used as the material.
- alkali metals such as cesium or oxides thereof; alkaline earth metals such as beryllium, calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium or oxides thereof; carbon black (acetylene black, Ketjen black etc.), activated carbon , Artificial graphite, natural graphite, carbon fiber, pyrolytic carbon, glassy carbon, impervious carbon, specialty carbon, carbon materials such as coke, nitrides such as aluminum nitride and boron nitride, or mixed crystal materials thereof. .
- 1 @ X can be used in two or more types.
- the carbon material may be either crystalline or amorphous.
- the crystal structure is not p-armed and may be, for example, either a diamond structure or a graphite structure. It is also possible to use carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nano lipons, carbon nanocoils, and carbon nanocapsules as carbon materials.
- the carbon material preferably, a carbon material produced by carbonization from a raw material of the carbon material and / or a carbon material obtained by carbonizing an organic liver as a carbon precursor can be used.
- a carbon material produced by carbonization from a raw material of the carbon material and / or a carbon material obtained by carbonizing an organic liver as a carbon precursor can be used.
- the surface especially in the state called Negative Electron Affinity (NEA) or a state with very small positive electron affinity, can conduct electrons that can conduct electrons, and the shoe has a vacuum level. Higher than or equal to the order. This makes it very easy to emit electrons from the electron emitting surface into the vacuum. It works.
- NAA Negative Electron Affinity
- the thickness of the surface portion can be determined according to the type of the electron beam component, etc., but is generally preferably 3 to 100 nm jt, particularly preferably about 3 to 20 nm. This thickness can be controlled by changing the conditions in the fiber method described later.
- the inside of the porous body is at least one of a non-volatile material and a semi-fiber material, ⁇ ) a space or Mi) « ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ material and» ⁇ material (hereinafter, both are collectively referred to as » ⁇ material). Occupied by at least one species as well as space.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising: (a) substantially all of the inside of a porous body is formed of a material; (ii) substantially all of the inside of the porous body is a space (hollow portion); Any form such as a case where a part is a fiber material and the rest is a space is included.
- the insulating material can be selected from the following materials: crane material or semi-insulating material.
- the conductivity may be those of the following (2 7 ⁇ 1 0_ 3 S / cm.
- Inorganic oxides include, for example, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, and mixtures thereof (mixed). Oxides), complex oxides, etc. One or more of these can be employed.
- the ratio of the $ color border material to the electron emission component is: Note It can be determined according to the type of material or electronic component and the use of the porous body.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a diagram of a fine net of a porous body 10 (a network-like skeleton structure having a large number of threads ffl-L) produced by a sol-gel method or the like.
- ffl-L1 2 with a size of less than 1 m (floor L1 2) is formed by three-dimensional networks of fine particles 11 with diameters of 2 to 30 nm while maintaining the shape of a solid. It contains many 1 ⁇ .
- a low-density body having a porosity of 50% or more can be obtained, and as a result, porosity having a large specific surface area can be obtained.
- a porous body having a specific surface area of 100 m 2 Zg or more by the BET method can be obtained.
- Fig. 1 (b) shows the connection state of the solid part (skeleton part) of the porous body shown in Fig. 1 (a) by a line. It can be seen that the skeleton has a network structure consisting of random network forces.
- Fig. 1 (c) shows a network-like skeleton extracted from Table 1 only based on Fig. 1 (b).
- a porous structure composed of an aggregate of such fine particles is referred to as such an inflection line 13.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a porous body composed of an aggregate of fine particles
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- a porous structure having a large number of pores such as an aggregate of linear substances, a structure in which a larger structure is provided with holes of bee fibers, etc. may be used.
- FIG. 2 shows a preferred form of the electron emitting material.
- the first structure of the material 20 of the present invention is an electron emission component body 21 having a reversible network skeleton as shown in FIG. That is, a network-like skeleton composed of the raw material (or semi-thin raw material) 22 is used as a core, and the electron-emitting component 21 is coated on the skeleton surface.
- FIG. 3 shows a second configuration of the electronic drawing fee according to the present invention.
- This is an electron emission material 30 consisting of an electron emission component 31 having a network-like skeleton structure and having a hollow 32 inside the skeleton. That is, it has a citric structure in which a tubular skeleton is intertwined.
- the inside of the network skeleton structure is hollow 32.
- the specific surface area becomes higher as compared with the case where it is not hollow. That is, a mesh-like skeletal structure
- further improvement in performance can be expected. This makes it possible to apply to applications that require higher electron emission performance.
- the method of electronic materials is not limited.
- «The material and the electron emission component are inorganic oxide and carbon material, respectively! ⁇ Can be suitably applied by the following first method or second method.
- the first method is (1) a porous body having a network structure skeleton, (2) the network structure skeleton is composed of an inner part and a surface part, and (3) the surface part contains an electronic square component, (4) The interior is occupied by at least one of i) string material and semi-elevating material, ⁇ ) space or iii) at least one of elastic material and semi-insulating material, and an electronic device occupied by space.
- the second method is a method according to the first method, further including a step of partially or entirely removing the inorganic oxide from the carbon-containing material or the carbon precursor-containing material.
- the i3 ⁇ 4F method includes a step B of obtaining a carbon-containing material by treatment.
- step A or step B can be selectively performed.
- Step A is a step of applying carbon to the gel to obtain a carbon-containing material.
- the inorganic oxide gel having a network skeleton as a starting material is not particularly limited as long as it has a network skeleton. Whether or not it contains liquid (solvent) Depending on the type, there are two types, wet gel (gel containing a solvent in the gap between the network skeletons) and thigh gel (gel containing substantially no solvent in the gap between the network skeletons). can do.
- the kind of inorganic oxide is electron emission! It can be selected from various metal oxides according to the purpose and usage of the talent.
- a network that can be formed by a sol-gel method to form a skeleton is preferable.
- mixed oxides of the above are particularly preferred because a wet gel can be easily formed by the sol-gel method.
- a gel produced by a known method can be used.
- a gel prepared by a sol-gel method can be preferably used in that a network skeleton can be formed more reliably.
- the case where the sol-gel method is difficult will be described as a typical example.
- any raw material may be used as long as it forms a wet gel by a sol-gel reaction.
- the raw materials used in the sol-gel method can also be used.
- inorganic materials such as sodium silicate and aluminum hydroxide
- organic materials such as organic metal alkoxides such as tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane aluminum isopropoxide, and aluminum sec-butoxide can be used. These may be selected according to the type of the desired inorganic oxide.
- the sol-gel method may be performed according to the following conditions. From the viewpoint of H3 ⁇ 4, it is only necessary to dissolve the above raw materials in a solvent to prepare Nada, and to make the room react under heating to form a gel. For example, to make a wet gel of silica (S i ⁇ 2 ) :! ⁇ Is real as follows;
- Raw materials for silica include, for example, alkoxysilane compounds such as tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, trimethoxymethylsilane and dimethoxydimethylsilane, oligomers thereof, and sodium silicate (water such as sodium silicate and potassium silicate). Glass compounds, colloidal silica and the like can be mentioned. This can be used in combination or mixed.
- the solvent is not limited as long as the raw material dissolves and the generated silica does not dissolve.
- methanol, ethanol, propanol, acetone, toluene, hexane and the like can be mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- various additives such as a filler and a viscosity adjusting agent, can be blended.
- a filler in addition to water, it is possible to use ass, such as male, male and female, as well as ass, such as ammonia, pyridine, sodium hydroxide, and hydroxylated lime.
- the viscosity can be adjusted using ethylene glycol, glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, silicone oil, or the like, but is not limited as long as the wet gel can be used in a predetermined form.
- the above raw materials are dissolved in a solvent to prepare a solution.
- This solution of t differs depending on the type of raw material or solvent used, the properties of the desired gel, etc., but generally, the solid component forming the skeleton should be about 2% by weight to 3 om *%. .
- the above-mentioned solution may be added to the above-mentioned additive as needed, stirred, and then formed into a desired use form by casting, coating or the like. After a certain period of time in this state, the solution gels and a predetermined wet gel can be obtained. Specifically, the raw materials react in a solvent to form silica fine particles, and the fine particles gather to form a network skeleton, thereby producing a wet gel.
- the temperature of the solution is not limited. In the case of heating, the temperature can be set within a range of less than the boiling point of the solvent used. Depending on the combination of the raw materials and the like, cooling may be performed at the time of gelation.
- the resulting wet gel may be subjected to a surface treatment, if necessary, for the purpose of increasing the affinity of the solvent in the subsequent step of forming a carbon precursor or the like.
- the surface of the solid component can be chemically reacted with a surface treating agent in a solvent in a wet gel state in a solvent to treat the solid component.
- Examples of surface treatment agents include octogen silane treatment agents such as trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane, ethyltrichlorosilane, and phenyltrichlorosilane; trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, and the like.
- Methyltriethoxysila Silane treatment agents such as hexane, phenyltriethoxysilane and the like; silicone silane treatment agents such as hexamethyldisiloxane and dimethylsiloxane oligomer; amine silane treatments such as hexamethyldisilazane; propyl alcohol; Alcohol-based treatments such as butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, octanol, and decanol can be used. One or more of these may be selected according to the use of the electron-emitting material (porous body) and the like.
- carbon material applied to the gel carbon or a material in which ⁇ is ⁇ can be stored as described above.
- carbon black acetylene black, Ketjen black, etc.
- activated carbon artificial graphite, natural graphite, carbon fiber ⁇ , w, glassy carbon, non-carbon, special carbon, coke, etc.
- the crystal growth is not limited, and any of diamond work and graphite work may be used.
- nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, carbon nanoribbons, carbon nanocoils, and carbon nanocapsules. These can be used in two or more types. These can be selected according to the type of porous material used.
- the method for applying the carbon material is not particularly limited, and may be any of a gas phase method, a liquid phase method, and a solid phase method.
- a method of applying the dispersion to a gel preferably a wet gel
- Examples of the raw materials include carbon compounds such as methane, ethane, propane, and butane; and non-carbon compounds such as ethylene, acetylene, and propylene.
- organic gas such as mixed gas of dioxide and hydrogen.
- the energy for converting these raw materials into carbon can be, for example, heat, plasma, ions, light, and horns.
- a method using heating is preferred because of its controllability.
- the eye method should be difficult according to normal conditions.
- a gel may be placed in a reaction vessel, the above-mentioned raw material may be converted into a vapor in the reaction atmosphere, and carbon may be deposited on the skeleton surface of the gel under heating.
- the ig can be adjusted according to the use of the porous body, desired characteristics, and the like.
- the method b) preferably uses a wet gel, disperses carbon in a solvent contained in the gel, and then performs a drying treatment to obtain a pon-containing material.
- the carbon material to be dispersed is ultrafine particles having an average tree length of not less than Inm and not more than 10.
- the amount of the carbon material to be used is not particularly limited, and is set according to the use of the electron-emitting material, the method of use, and the type of the carbon material used. be able to.
- Step A The carbon-containing material obtained in Step A may be used as it is as an electronic gift. Further, if necessary, a solvent step (step (2)) may be performed for the purpose of removing the residual solvent in the gel. In particular, it is preferable to use the sol-iron process for ⁇ ⁇ using a wet gel as the gel. Such a step may be performed in the same manner as the view processing described later.
- Step B is a step of applying a carbon precursor to the gel and carbonizing the obtained gel containing the carbon precursor to obtain a carbon-containing material.
- the carbon precursor is not particularly limited as long as it is finally carbonized into carbon. Therefore, any material can be used as long as it contains carbon. In general, an organic material can be used.
- an organic high liver can be suitably used.
- Polymers such as polyacrylonitrile, polyfurfuryl alcohol, polyimide, polyamide, polyurethane, polyurea, polyphenol (phenol resin), polyaniline, polyparaphenylene, polyetherimide, polyamideimide, acrylic copolymer, etc. or The copolymer can be mentioned.
- organic molecules having a carbon-carbon inactive bond are preferred. That is, an organic molecule having at least one of a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon-carbon triple bond can be used for 3 ⁇ 4i.
- an organic polymer By using such an organic polymer, carbonization can be performed more easily and reliably, and a carbon material having a predetermined bow jewel can be formed.
- a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a polyimide, a polystyrene, a polysulfone, a polyphenylene ether, a melamine resin, a polyamide, and the like can be mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Also, it can be used in combination with other organic high: ⁇ .
- an organic compound having an aromatic ring is particularly preferable. For example, at least one of phenol resin, polyimide and the like can be suitably used.
- organic aromatic compounds having no aromatic ring for example, polyacrylonitrile, acryl copolymer, etc.
- organic aromatic compounds having no aromatic ring for example, polyacrylonitrile, acryl copolymer, etc.
- organic material which does not have a corrosion-resistant bond, but which can form a carbon-carbon harmful bond by cyclization by carbonization. Wear.
- organic polymers polyacrylonitrile is particularly preferred.
- the method for preparing the gel containing the carbon precursor by applying the carbon precursor to the gel is not particularly limited as long as the carbon precursor can be formed on the network structure skeleton of the inorganic oxide to be 3 ⁇ 4tf. Not done.
- a method in which a carbon precursor is impregnated in a wet gel of an inorganic oxide, and (b) a monomer or an oligomer capable of forming an organic polymer, which is impregnated in the wet gel and then polymerized in addition to (a) a method in which a carbon precursor is impregnated in a wet gel of an inorganic oxide, and (b) a monomer or an oligomer capable of forming an organic polymer, which is impregnated in the wet gel and then polymerized.
- (C) a monomer capable of forming an organic polymer in a fiber gel of an inorganic oxide is applied by an eye method, and then polymerized; It is possible to suitably employ a method of producing an organic carbon as a carbon precursor.
- the wet gel is immersed in a carbon precursor dissolved in a solvent or dispersed in a solvent (emulsion or the like).
- the carbon precursor adheres to and covers the surface of the network skeleton.
- an organic liver as a precursor of water, the solution, which disperses and disperses the liquid and the wet gel ⁇ ⁇ , the wet gel retains the solution or dispersion inside, and High liver remains in the network skeletal structure.
- This age which is dissolved, may be physically adsorbed to the network skeletal structure.
- a wet gel containing a solution in which an organic polymer is dissolved is immersed in a poor solvent with respect to the organic height, the organic height precipitates on the network skeleton structure and forms a surface portion.
- the above-mentioned solvent may be selected from known solvents according to the kind of the organic liver, etc., as the solvent used for the scythe.
- solvents for example, in addition to water, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and bushanol, and daricols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are examples. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the concentration of the carbon precursor in the solution or dispersion is not particularly limited, and can be determined according to the desired amount of the carbon precursor, the type of the carbon precursor, and the like.
- a solution obtained by dissolving an organic compound (including an oligomer) capable of forming an organic polymer by polymerization in a solvent is immersed in a dispersion of the wet gel in a solvent. It can be crushed and polymerized (elevated) inside the gel to produce organic precursors that are carbon precursors. According to this method, since organic molecules grow inside the network structure skeleton, there is a capability to obtain a wet gel containing a lipopolycarbonate precursor which is hardly physically eluted.
- a monomer corresponding to the target organic polymer may be used.
- polyacrylonitrile acrylonitrile and polyfurfuryl alcohol can be used.
- ⁇ Furfuryl alcohol can be used.
- aniline aniline can be used.
- polyimide is formed: ⁇ is generated by a condensation polymerization reaction for forming an imide ring, tetracarboxylic anhydride compounds and diamine compounds can be generally used.
- Polyamide is obtained by condensation polymerization reaction to form amide bond. It is possible to use a dicarboxylic acid compound, a dicarboxylic acid chloride conjugate, and a diamine compound as general ones.
- a polyurethane To form a polyurethane, obtain a diol compound such as a polyol and a diisocyanate compound, a polyurea: ⁇ obtain a diisocyanate compound, a polyphenol :! For ⁇ , a phenol compound and an aldehyde compound may be used.
- the high organic liver of the present invention those having a carbon-atom-free bond are preferable, and an organic compound capable of generating such an organic high liver can be used in the present invention.
- phenolic compounds include phenol, cresol, resorcinol (1,3-benzenediol), catechol, phloroglicinol, salicylic acid, and oxybenzoic acid.
- the condensing agent aldehyde compounds such as formaldehyde, acetoaldehyde, furfural, paraformaldehyde which generates formaldehyde by heating, and hexamethylenetetramine are also used as the aldehyde.
- 3 ⁇ 4 angle butterfly and / or repulsion can be used. It is only necessary to cause a methylol group or the like to proceed with a nitrile reaction at the base angle, and to proceed with a polyaddition condensation reaction such as a methylene bond at the time of injection.
- catalysts include common phenolic resins such as hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, carbonates of alkali metals such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, amines, and ammonia. You can use a thigh.
- phosphoric acid, oxalic acid, rooster, trifluoroacetic acid and the like can be used.
- the solvent for dissolving or dispersing the organic compound is not particularly limited, and may be selected from solvents according to the type of the compound used.
- solvents for example, in addition to water, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol, and daricols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are exemplified. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the solvent is not particularly limited, and the fiber may be selected according to the type of the organic compound used.
- the method of polymerization is not particularly limited.
- the polymerization can be performed by a method of ⁇ 0 such as thermal polymerization, corner polymerization, and photopolymerization.
- a monomer capable of forming an organic height ⁇ which is a carbon precursor, in an inorganic oxide fiber gel is applied by a fine method, followed by polymerization.
- a method is used in which a polymer having a high organic content such as the above-mentioned polyacrylonitrile, polyfurfuryl alcohol, or polyaniline is vaporized, filled into a gel, and then polymerized.
- a phenolic compound can be charged, and then a condensation agent such as formaldehyde can be charged as a vapor for condensation polymerization.
- a condensation agent such as formaldehyde
- the carboxylic acid compound and the diamine compound as raw materials can be evaporated, and the resulting mixture can be filled in a gel and combined.
- the detailed method is not particularly limited, and is capable of translating the method of.
- a method of vaporizing or evaporating a polymer or its monomer by heating or the like by using a general method such as a chemical fine growth method (CVD) or a physical fine growth method (PVD). .
- CVD chemical fine growth method
- PVD physical fine growth method
- the polymerization can be carried out in the same manner as in the age of Kamaki (b).
- the carbonization treatment is performed by heat-treating the obtained gel containing the carbon precursor.
- the use of a high-boiling solvent for slowing down the evaporation rate or controlling the evaporation can suppress the shrinkage of the gel at the temple.
- the surface of the solid component of the gel may be subjected to a water-repellent treatment, etc. to control the emergence power.
- the gel can be prevented from escaping at the time of the thigh.
- the solvent can be changed from the liquid state to the phase state, thereby eliminating the gas-liquid interface and applying a stress to the gel skeleton due to surface tension. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the gel from staying in the grass at the time of dwelling, and to obtain a low-density porous gel gel.
- the solvent held by the wet gel can be used. Further, it is preferable to replace the solvent with a solvent which can be easily handled in the supercritical fluid as needed.
- the solvent to be substituted include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol which directly make the solvent a supercritical fluid, as well as a dioxide test and water. Alternatively, it may be replaced with an organic solvent such as acetone, samyl acetate, hexane, etc., which is easily eluted with these supercritical fluids.
- Supercriticality can be performed in a pressure fiber such as an autoclave.
- the critical pressure is 8.09 MPa or more and the critical temperature is 23.9.4 ° C or more, and the pressure is gradually released in a constant state.
- the critical pressure should be 7.38 MPa or more, and the critical pressure should be 31.1 ° C or more. And perform the enjoyment.
- the solvent is water, dry at a critical pressure of 22.4 MPa or higher and a critical temperature of 37.4 or higher.
- the time required for the thigh should be longer than the time required for the solvent in the wet gel to be replaced at least once by the supercritical fluid.
- the carbonization treatment is preferably performed at 300 ° C. or higher because carbonization of the carbon precursor starts to advance at about 300 ° C. or higher.
- a temperature of 400 ° C. or more is more preferable from the viewpoint of working time efficiency
- the upper limit of the heating temperature can be set by the maximum melting point of the inorganic oxide having a network structure.
- the herbal gel does a little at about 600 ⁇ , but becomes larger at more than 100 ⁇ . Therefore, the carbonized haze may be selected according to the degree of its effect of suppressing shrinkage.
- the atmosphere for the carbonization treatment is not particularly limited, and may be any of air, an oxidizing atmosphere, a neutral atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere, and a vacuum. However, in consideration of the fuel, it is preferable to perform the treatment in a low to high oxygen atmosphere when setting to a high value.
- the term “under a hard oxygen atmosphere” means that the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere is 0 to 10%.
- Carbonization can also be performed by dry distillation, heating in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or heating in a vacuum. "
- the second method is a method according to the first method, further comprising a step of partially or entirely removing the inorganic oxide from the raw material or the carbon precursor-containing material.
- a porous body whose inside is occupied by an inorganic oxide and a space or a porous body whose inside is occupied by a space can be suitably obtained.
- the iron oxide is changed to P iron, a porous body whose interior is occupied by inorganic oxide and space can be obtained. If all of the inorganic oxide is used, a porous body whose inside is substantially entirely occupied by space can be obtained.
- the present invention relates to a method for removing a part of inorganic oxide or carbon from the carbon-containing material obtained in the step A, and a method for removing a part of the inorganic oxide from the carbonaceous material formed in the step B.
- the method includes carbonizing the obtained material after conducting a part or test, and removing a part or all of the inorganic oxide from the carbon-containing material obtained by carbonizing in the step B.
- the elution may be performed by immersing in a solution in which the inorganic oxide is dissolved.
- a solution in which the inorganic oxide is dissolved As the solution used at this time, an acid or solution can be preferably used.
- gels of inorganic oxides formed by the sol-gel method have low crystallinity, It is often amorphous. Therefore, there is no solubility for strong ⁇ . It also has a high property of loosening the gel of the network structure skeleton that the fine particles are gathering (peptizing property).
- Ml can be selected according to the type of acid or inorganic oxide.
- the inorganic oxide is silica :!
- elemental acid for example, alkali hydroxide (sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) and fiber alkali (sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate) can be suitably used. These can be used in the form of an aqueous solution, an alcohol solution or the like. Is it acid or acid? The body may be determined according to the type of acid or m used, the type of inorganic oxide, and the like.
- a porous material having a larger specific surface area than the porous material obtained by the first method can be obtained.
- the network structure skeleton made of this carbon material is an electron microscope! ⁇ Is often used for hollow structural strength. Even if a clear hollow structure is not observed in the electron microscope, a porous material with a large specific surface area can be obtained.
- the first method for producing an electron-emitting material comprising a porous material containing carbon comprises the basic steps shown in FIG.
- a typical process is to form a network structure of inorganic oxide (gel structure: 2 in Fig. 4 (1)) using the sol-gel method from the prepared sol solution (Fig. 4- (1)), and then to form a skeleton of the wet gel.
- the porous body containing the carbon precursor composite porous body
- Fig. 4-3 is formed, and then the carbon precursor coated on the skeleton surface is carbonized to form a carbon precursor. This is the method of bonding (Fig. 4—4).
- processing steps such as solvent replacement, formation of a note, and surface treatment may be added.
- the network-like skeleton structure of the inorganic oxide has a role as Xiaomoto which suppresses 4% accompanying the carbonization.
- the carbon precursor accompanying carbonization it is possible to suppress or prevent the carbon precursor accompanying carbonization.
- the second i3 ⁇ 4i method for an electron emission source consisting of a carbon-containing porous material comprises the basic steps shown in FIG.
- a carbon material is applied to an inorganic oxide fiber gel having a network skeleton by a synthetic method.
- a method for forming a carbon-based material in a gas phase there is a method in which a carbon precursor is once applied by a fine reaction, followed by a carbonization treatment, or a method in which a carbon material is directly formed by a rice cake reaction. In the present invention, any method may be used.
- the network-like skeleton structure made of inorganic oxide is carbon-based.
- the first method for an electron-emitting material composed of a hollow porous material comprises a process similar to that of FIG.
- a network-like inorganic oxide skeleton (Fig. 6-2) is formed from the sol solution (Fig. 6-1), and a curl is formed on the skeleton surface of the wet gel.
- a carbon precursor (Fig. 6-3) is provided with a carbon precursor for $ 3 ⁇ 4t, and part or all of the inorganic oxide is removed from the carbon-containing porous body to obtain a carbon precursor gel.
- the carbon precursor of the hollow skeleton is carbonized to form a carbon bond (Fig. 6-5).
- These steps are fundamental.
- a known treatment such as solvent substitution, band formation, or surface treatment may be performed.
- a carbonaceous material having a large specific surface area can be obtained because the network-based skeleton is formed by the carbon-based material itself, which is electron emission. Further, since the inside of the network skeleton becomes hollow, the specific surface area can be further improved. As a result, a carbon porous body having a low density and a high specific surface area can be obtained. This material can be used for applications requiring high electron emission performance.
- the second Sit method for an electron layer material composed of a porous carbon material includes a step shown in FIG. In this step, a part or all of the inorganic oxide is removed from the porous carbonaceous material (FIG. 7-®-®) obtained in the form 3 or the form 4 in the form 4 to form the carbon porous body (07 -(D).
- a large specific surface area can be obtained because the carbon material itself, which is an electron emitting component, is formed in a network skeleton. Furthermore, since the inside of the network skeleton is hollow, a higher specific surface area can be realized. As a result, the ability to provide a carbon porous body with a high specific surface area at an ig3 ⁇ 4 degree is a key feature. Such a porous body can be used for applications requiring high electron emission performance.
- the electronic method according to the present invention comprises: (a) (b) a lower electronic device provided on the touch panel; An electrode layer; (c) an electron emitting layer provided on the electrode layer; and (d) a control layer arranged so as not to be mentioned in the electron emitting layer.
- the electron-emitting device of the present invention has the above-mentioned constitutions (a) to (d), and is used in the electron-emitting radiator of (1) except that the electron-emitting layer of the above (1) is used as the electron-emitting layer. It is possible to iiffl the elements (spacers, etc.)
- the substrate can be made of known materials. For example, glass, ceramics (A 1 2 0 3, Z R_ ⁇ 2 oxides such as ceramics, S i 3 N 4, non-oxide ceramics such as BN) ⁇ material such; low resistance silicon, metal 'alloy A conductive material such as an intermetallic compound can also be used.
- the thickness of the Si is not limited, and is generally 0.5 to 2 mm.
- the lower electrode layer is not particularly limited as long as it can supply electrons to the electron measuring layer.
- metal materials such as aluminum, titanium, chromium, nickel, copper, gold, and tungsten
- n-type semi-structured materials such as silicon and gallium nitride # (composite material with book and metal laminated! ⁇
- the thickness of the lower electrode layer may be about 1 to 50 doors.
- the material of the present invention is used for part or all of the electron emitting layer. This only needs to emit electrons at least in an electric field. In other words, the material of the present invention may emit electrons by heat as long as it emits electrons in the electric field.
- 1 @ X can be used in two or more kinds.
- an electronic thigh charge for example, silicon, a metal material, or the like
- components other than the electronic gifts may be contained as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the material of the present invention is contained in the electron emitting layer in an amount of 20 or more (especially 50 to: L00%).
- the thickness of the electron-emitting layer varies depending on the type of electron beam used, and the like, but is generally about 0.5 to 20 m.
- the material of the present invention is exposed on the surface of the electronic dimension layer.
- ⁇ of the electron beam dimension layer is composed of the material of the present invention (electron emission material), that is, the electron emission layer is composed of the material of the present invention (electron dimension material) :!
- the material of the present invention (electron emitting material) is naturally exposed on the surface of the electron emitting layer.
- a part of the electron dimension layer contains the material of the present invention (electron emission material): ⁇ indicates that part or all of the material of the invention (electron 3 ⁇ 4W material) is on the surface of the electron emitting layer. It is exposed. Also, this electron emitting layer It has conductivity as exemplified by being made of carbon.
- the electronic dimension layer may be one obtained from a paste containing a powdered electron emission material.
- a paste obtained by mixing an indica (such as isopropyl methacrylate) with a powdery radiating material having an average tree diameter of 0.5 to about Lm
- the desired electron emission layer can be suitably obtained by ironing the organic binder by performing the following steps. Such an electron emitting layer can also degrade the desired electron emitting performance.
- the control layer has a function of applying an electric field to the electron emitting layer by applying a voltage and controlling the amount of radiation by the intensity of the electric field.
- the material is not a target as long as it has such a function.
- metals having excellent adhesiveness to adjacent layers, processability such as pattern production, and the like can be used collectively.
- aluminum, nickel, and the like can be used for water.
- the thickness of the control electrode layer may be generally about 0.3.
- any arrangement may be adopted as long as the electronic layer and the control electrode layer do not insult.
- At least one of a space and an insulator may be interposed between the electron emitting layer and the control electrode layer.
- the electron emission layer provided on the substrate may be arranged so as to face the control electrode layer with a space therebetween.
- the arrangement can be the same as the arrangement of the gate electrode and the emitter in the Spindt-type electron emitting element of ⁇ ⁇ 0.
- the space be a vacuum or a state close thereto.
- the value of »between the two layers can be determined according to the desired performance, electric field strength, etc. Generally, the shorter the hiding, the lower the voltage. Further, it is preferable that the electron emission layer and the control electrode layer are substantially arranged in the TO.
- the electron emission layer and the control electrode layer do not leak means that the electron emission layer and the control electrode layer are in contact with each other and the insulation is maintained between them as exemplified in FIGS. 8 and 9 described later. Means that.
- an electron heating device 101 made of porous silica and an extraction electrode 103 are used. It is said that they are in contact.
- the material of the electron acceleration layer 101 was replaced with a conductive material such as carbon, the emitter electrode 102, the electron acceleration layer 101, and the extraction electrode 103 were short-circuited. It does not function as an electron-emitting device at all.
- the material constituting the electron acceleration layer 101 (the porous silica swelling must be exothermic.
- the porous silicon film forming the electron accelerating layer 101 cannot be replaced with a conductive material such as carbon.
- sake 1 emits electrons.
- This is seen as an electron accelerating layer 101 made of porous silica, but in this prior example, as disclosed as an "emitter electrode that emits electrons by an electric field," It should be noted that this is an emitter electrode 102 and not an electron acceleration layer 101 made of porous silica.
- the electronic layer and the control electrode layer can be described independently of each other. Also, both may be fixed to each other via spacers (rise bodies). For example, alumina, zirconia, or a material with a carbon dioxide register can be preferably used as a spacer.
- a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, an electron beam evaporation method, a chemical efficiency evaporation method (CVD) and the like can be used.
- the form of the electron donor layer is not limited as long as it can be fixed on the lower electrode layer provided on the substrate.
- the above-mentioned conductive contact organic binder and the like the following or commercially available products can be used.
- the electron-emitting device of the present invention can be driven in the same manner as the above-described electron square element.
- a predetermined voltage may be applied to the lower electrode layer and the control electrode layer provided on the substrate.
- the voltage may be adjusted so that the electron emission layer is exposed to an electric field with an electric field strength of 1 ⁇ 10 6 VZm or more.
- the atmosphere be a vacuum or a state close thereto.
- the current is DC or It may be any of the shape of 3 ⁇ 4A ° (square wave).
- FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the electron-emitting device of the present invention.
- the electron emitting element 80 is composed of mi 1, an electrode layer (lower electrode layer) 82, an electron emitting layer 83 that emits electrons, a body layer 85, and a voltage for electron emission (control It has a control electrode layer 84 to which a power supply 86) is applied.
- the electron emitting layer 83 is made of the electronic material described in the form of each sickle or a composite material containing the same.
- An electrode layer 82 and an electron mapping layer 83 are formed on 1, and a control electrode layer 84 is provided near the electrode layer 82 via an insulating layer 85.
- the control electrode layer 8 is formed so as to surround the upper periphery of the electron emission layer 83 similarly to the gate of the Spindt-type electron emission ⁇ ? Is also good.
- the control electrode layer 84 formed on the cage layer 85 a part of the control electrode layer protrudes from the sub-layer 85 to form a “protruding portion 87”.
- the formation of the protruding part is not essential, but can be carried out by bacteria if necessary.
- the region 88 between the protrusion and the electron emitting layer is a space, but may be filled with a body.
- a glass substrate is preferably used in terms of H3 ⁇ 4.
- conductive S such as a silicon substrate or a metal substrate.
- the function of the electrode layer 82 can be imparted to the conductive fiber.
- the electrode layer 82 has a structure in which, in addition to metal materials such as aluminum, titanium, chromium, nickel, copper, gold, and tungsten, silicon, gallium nitride, and the like are stacked with metal Is preferred. In order to stabilize the emission current, a structure in which the above-described electrode layer and the conductive layer are stacked may be used as the electrode layer 82.
- the thickness of the electrode layer 82 is generally preferably about 1 to 50 m.
- the electron emitting layer 83 a porous body having an electron emitting component in a skeleton portion is applied. As a typical structure, there is a porous body having a pore size of several 10 nm.
- the electron emitting layer 83 has a function of emitting electrons into a vacuum by an electric field generated by a voltage applied to the control electrode layer 84.
- the material is Is selected from among
- the control electrode layer 84 is a layer that gives an electric field to the electron emitting layer 83 by applying a voltage, and has a function of controlling the amount of electrons by its intensity.
- the voltage is applied to the control electrode 84 connected to the positive electrode of the power source 86 and the electrode layer 82 connected to the negative electrode of the power source 86.
- the electron emitting layer 83 is adjacent to the control electrode layer 84 via the fiber layer 85, but unless the electron emitting layer 83 and the control electrode layer 84 are included, It is not necessary to use 8 5.
- the material of the present invention is applied to the electron emitting layer 83, a more effective effect during the evacuation can be obtained as compared with the electron emitting element 83. As a result, the applied haze can be made lower than that of Toru.
- the phosphor light-emitting device of the present invention includes an anode portion having a phosphor layer and an electron-emitting device, and the anode portion and the anode portion are arranged such that electrons emitted from anaphoretic electron emission cause the phosphor layer to emit light.
- the phosphor light emitting device of the present invention uses the electron emitting device of the present invention as an electron emitting device. Other elements (containers, housings, etc.) can be narrowed down to those used in known phosphors.
- anode part a laminated body in which a phosphor layer, an anode electrode layer, and a thin layer are applied in the order close to the electronic symbol can be suitably used.
- the composition of each layer and its formation may be in accordance with the sickle.
- the transparent material used in the known phosphor emission can be used.
- the substrate for example, a glass substrate, a glass substrate, or the like can be used.
- the anode electrode layer include indium tin oxide (ITO), tin oxide, and oxide.
- the phosphor layer may be formed according to a desired color development or the like. That is, iiSM can be selected from various phosphors (compounds) according to each of the three primary colors of red (R), blue (B), and green (G), and intermediate colors of these. For example, Y 2 0 3 system, Gd B Red phosphor ⁇ 3 system or the like; Z n S system, a green phosphor of Z n O system or the like; Y 2 S i O 5 system, a blue phosphor of Z n S system, and the like.
- the phosphor layer may be formed as a thin film by, for example, printing or coating a solution or dispersion containing these on the anode electrode layer.
- the arrangement of the electron emitting layer and the anode section may be such that electrons emitted from the electron emitting layer can be seen in the phosphor layer of the anode section.
- the electronic dimension layer and the anode section are arranged so as to face each other.
- a space is provided between the two.
- the electron donor layer and the phosphor layer are arranged in a circle. The gap between the electronic dimension layer and the phosphor layer can be adjusted in accordance with the desired performance and the like, generally within the range of 100 ⁇ m to 2 bands.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the phosphor light emitting device of the present invention.
- the phosphor light-emitting device is composed of, as basic components, an electronic house 90, an anode section 100, and a housing 911 containing them.
- the electronic device 90 and the anode 100 are independent of the device 911.
- an anode portion may be directly formed on the inner surface of the housing.
- the electron emitting element can be formed directly on the inner surface of the housing.
- the electron emission eaves 91 and the anode 100 may be bonded via a spacer, and the gap may be in a vacuum state or a state close thereto.
- the anode section 100 may be disposed so that electrons e— emitted from the electron emitting layer 93 of the electron emitting layer 90 can efficiently collide with the phosphor layer 97. As shown in FIG. 9, it is desirable that the phosphor layer 97 and the electron emitting layer 93 be arranged so as to face each other via a space while maintaining the TO state with each other.
- the anode unit 100 has a function of applying a voltage to excite electrons emitted from the electron transistor and emitting light from the phosphor. Its constituent elements include the anodic bacterium 98 for applying an accelerating voltage to the phosphor layer 97 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ and the front surface ⁇ 99.
- the anode electrode 98 can be used as the anode electrode 98, and ITO, which is generally transparent conductive Ji, can be used.
- the front base As the material 99, glass or the like is preferably used.
- the phosphor used for the phosphor layer 97 may be selected from among various kinds of phosphors such as disgust according to a desired emission color or the like. However, it is preferable to select the most efficient phosphor material in consideration of the energy value of the accelerator, that is, the anode voltage value.
- the scythe image forming apparatus of the present invention includes an anode portion that connects the phosphor layer and a plurality of electron emission elements arranged in a two-dimensional manner, and the electrons emitted from the electron-emitting device form the phosphor layer.
- An image emitting apparatus in which the anode unit and the electron emitting element are arranged so as to emit light, wherein the electron emitting eave is the electron emitting eave of the present invention.
- the image drawing apparatus of the present invention uses the electron emitting element of the present invention as an electron emitting element.
- Other elements such as a housing, a housing, and a dry horse for a horse, can be used for the elements used in the image forming apparatus.
- the electronic ⁇ dimension eaves are arranged in the form of two: ⁇ »: pieces. That is, the electron emitting elements are arranged on the same plane to form an array of electron emitting elements.
- an array for example, a configuration in which a plurality of control electrode patterns are arranged such that a plurality of electrically controlled electrode patterns are directly connected to the pattern (that is, a matrix) is a large-screen device. This is advantageous in manufacturing.
- the phosphor layer For the formation of the phosphor layer, it is possible to adopt the same configuration as that of the phosphor layer of the above-described phosphor emission eaves.
- the number and appearance of the phosphor layers may be determined according to the number of pixels, the size of the screen, and the like.
- the number of electron emission eaves per pixel varies depending on the desired light emission luminance and the like, but is usually about 1 to 50.
- each of the phosphor layers (one pixel) having a set of three primary colors of RGB may be arranged on the anode electrode, as in each electron emission eave.
- the arrangement method of the three primary colors is Vertical Strife ⁇ !
- Various arrangement methods for dogs, horizontal stripes, etc. are available.
- the number of electron emission eaves per pixel is usually preferably about 1 to 100.
- the layout of the anode part including the phosphor layer and the dimensions of each electronic dimension element is such that the quantity of each phosphor layer can be individually controlled by the magnitude of the electron dimension from each electron dimension element. It should be installed in. In particular, it is preferable that the phosphor layer of the anode part and the electronic dimension layer of the electronic element face each other while substantially maintaining the TO state.
- the method of concealing the image of the sickle painting apparatus according to the present invention may be the same as that of the field emission display of the present invention.
- a sleep driver may be attached to the electrode layer and the control electrode layer of the electron emission eaves, and a predetermined voltage may be applied to both layers.
- 1 is a sectional perspective view of an image drawing apparatus including
- a method of drawing an image with this configuration is a method usually called a matrix Mahi. It has a lower electrode layer 102 formed on the ⁇ 1 dog on the ⁇ ! dog.
- the control electrode layer 104 for controlling the discharge rate is formed as a plurality (three in FIG. 10) of tree dogs. These control electrode layers 104 are not disposed on the lower electrode layer 102 and are placed directly on the lower electrode layer 102.
- An I-hidden dryer, 108, 109 is connected to each of the lower electrode layer and the control electrode layer.
- An electron emitting layer 103 is formed on the lower electrode layer. It is preferable that the electron-measuring layer 103 is disposed so as to be located at a portion where the lower electrode layer and the control electrode layer intersect.
- an anode portion having the same configuration as the anode portion of the phosphor emission layer of the present invention is provided.
- the anode section has a configuration in which a phosphor layer 105, an anode electrode layer 106, and a front surface layer 107 are sequentially stacked from the side closer to the electron emission layer.
- the phosphor layer 105 constitutes one pixel. Therefore, there are a total of nine corresponding electronic dimension layers 109 ⁇ ⁇ T.
- the phosphor layer may be composed of a plurality of pixels.
- the iiJS ⁇ device is connected to the device: ⁇ indicates the desired electronic device size by inputting image data to the respective horse drivers 1 08 and 1 09 in accordance with the synchronization signal. Electrons are emitted from the surface (each electrode row 3 ⁇ 4: where they intersect) with the desired electron size. It becomes power river ability. As a result, in each electron emission eave, the emitted electrons are accelerated in a vacuum by the voltage applied to the anode ⁇ 106, and the electrons collide with the phosphor layer 105, thereby forming an arbitrary shape Z. Images with arbitrary brightness can be drawn.
- the electron emission layer of the present invention a specific electron emission material is applied to the electron direction layer, and the control electrode layer is disposed so as not to be referred to in the electron direction layer. It is possible to achieve the electrical effect.
- the above-mentioned electron-emitting material can be relatively easily produced, particularly by the $ ⁇ method of the present invention, as compared with carbon nanotubes and the like. For this reason, it becomes possible to provide an electron emitting element that is superior at a lower cost than an electron emitting element using carbon nanotubes.
- the electron emitting element according to the present invention having such a symbol is suitable for production on an industrial scale.
- the phosphor light emitting device and the sickle painting device of the present invention utilize the material of the present invention and the electron emitting eaves of the present invention. For this reason, the ability to supply a large quantity of products that can exhibit the same or better performance as the products at lower cost will be a power capability.
- the electron emitting eaves of the present invention have the same or higher performance as that of an agricultural product, it can be effectively used for various electronic devices using the same. For example, it can be used in bandages for phosphor elements and image devices (especially field emission displays). In a picture-sickle painting device, it is also advantageous for a large-screen display S.
- a wet gel was prepared using silica as the inorganic oxide.
- a raw material liquid was prepared by mixing tetramethoxysilane, ethanol, and an aqueous ammonia solution (0.1 normal) in a molar ratio of 1: 3: 4. Put this in a mold of a predetermined shape, By gelation, a solid wet gel was obtained.
- a carbon precursor-containing wet gel was formed by coating the carbon precursor on the surface of the network-like skeleton in the wet gel.
- the carbon precursor an aqueous solution of a raw material prepared by using water as a solvent and preparing resorcinol (0.3 mol ZL), formaldehyde and sodium carbonate in a molar ratio of 1: 2: 0.01, respectively.
- the inside of the gel was impregnated by immersing the above-mentioned wet gel with siliency. It was left at room temperature and about 80 ° C. for 2 days each.
- a wet precursor-containing wet gel was obtained in which the polyphenol-based Takayoshi was coated on the skeleton surface of the wet wet gel.
- the carbon precursor-containing wet gel was dried.
- Car fiber treatment was performed by supercritical fluid after replacing the solvent contained in the wet gel with acetone.
- a gel containing carbon precursor was obtained by subjecting the internal solvent to! ⁇ S.
- the condition of this supercritical fiber is that carbon dioxide is used as a carbon fiber, the pressure is gradually released after a lapse of 4 hours under the conditions of a pressure of 12 MPa and 3 ⁇ 45 ⁇ , the temperature is reduced, and the temperature is lowered.
- a gel was obtained.
- the size before and after this Togi.grass was almost the same, and it was hardly shrunk.
- the apparent density was about 220 kg, m 3 and the porosity was about 90%.
- the specific surface area measured by the BET method was as high as about 800 m 2 Zg.
- the carbon precursor-containing gel was carbonized to obtain an electronic material having a carbon-containing porous body.
- the fiber gel was left at 100 ° C for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the electron-emitting material (size: 2 mm x about 2 mm x about lmm in height) prepared as described above is adhered to the metal electrode via a conductive paste (product name: Graphite Vest). Placed in a vacuum chamber. In addition, an anode electrode was placed at a position about 1 wake above the electron emitting material. Next, voltage is applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode. Pressure was applied and the flow rate was measured. As a result, the same non-porous carbon material (specifically, a carbon material formed on a metal substrate by the same process (carbon precursor coating process and firing process); the same applies hereinafter) is used as an emitter. The discharge increased by one digit or more compared to the used structure, and a flow density of 4 OmAZ cm 2 was obtained for an anode voltage of about 3 kV.
- a conductive paste product name: Graphite Vest
- a silica wet gel was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 and subjected to the same grass treatment as in Difficult Example 1 to obtain gels.
- This silica grass fiber gel is placed in a quartz tube furnace, propylene is sprinkled at about 800 ° C, and a carbon material is obtained by applying force to the surface of the porous skeleton by eye. Was. Gained power
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was bonded to a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber. Further, the anode healing was placed in a space of about lmm above the electron emitting material, and a discharge voltage was measured by applying a voltage between the metal ⁇ and the control electrode. The emission current is increased by one digit or more compared to the conventional structure using the same non-porous carbon material as the emitter, and it is 40 mA / A current density of cm 2 was obtained.
- a wet gel containing a carbon precursor was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the obtained wet gel was immersed in fluoro acid at room temperature for 30 minutes to obtain a wet gel consisting only of the carbon precursor.
- This carbon precursor wet gel was treated under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a carbon precursor fiber gel. The size before and after this observation was almost the same.
- the carbon precursor gel was carbonized under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain an electron beam drawing material composed of a porous carbon material. Charcoal [ ⁇ a Had fiber to about 70% by length, the apparent density is about 1 0 0 k gZm 3 and high as small sag specific surface area as about 8 0 0m 2 / g was obtained. According to the mystery of electron microscopy, it was confirmed that this carbon porous body had a hollow structure.
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was bonded to a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber.
- an anode electrode was placed in a space about one band above the electron emitting material, and a voltage was applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode to measure the flow rate.
- the emission current is increased by one digit or more compared to the structure using the same carbon material that is not porous and the same as the emitter, and the anode voltage is about 3 kV. : 111 2 release
- the carbon-containing porous body prepared in Example 2 was immersed in hydrofluoric acid at room temperature for 30 minutes, and the skeleton was ironed to obtain a carbon porous body.
- the apparent density of this porous carbon material was as small as about 100 kg / m 3, and its specific surface area was as high as 900 m 2 / kg. It was confirmed by electron microscopy that the porous carbon material had a hollow structure. It is probable that high specific surface area was achieved.
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was bonded to a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber. Further, an anode electrode was arranged in a space of about 1 mm above the electronically-scaled material, and a voltage was applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode to measure a flow rate of the electrode. As a result, the emission current increases by one digit or more compared to the conventional structure using the carbon material under the same conditions as the emitter under non-porous conditions, and the emission current of 7 OmA / cm 2 for the anode voltage of about 3 kV. Fluid density was obtained.
- Example 1 The wet gel prepared in Example 1 was immersed in a 5% by weight solution of polyacrylonitrile in acetonitrile to obtain a wet gel having a gel skeleton coated with a carbon precursor. This was performed using the same method as in Example 1.
- the obtained carbon precursor-containing gel was treated at 200 ° C. for 2 hours, and treated at 400 ° C. for 2 hours, and then heated to 600 ° C. and then cooled to 100 ° C.
- Carb An electron-emitting material comprising a porosity-containing porous material was obtained.
- the size of the gel after this treatment was about 85% in length, confirming that the packing was suppressed.
- Apparent density is about 3 5 0 kg / m 3
- specific surface s Awakening was high as about 4 5 0m 2 / g.
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was bonded to a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber. Further, an anode chamber was placed in a space of about 1 mm above the electronic dimension material, and a voltage was applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode to measure the flow rate of the electrode. As a result, compared with the conventional structure using the same non-porous carbon material as the emitter, the emission current increased by one digit or more, and the anode voltage of about 3 kV increased to 40 mAZ. A discharge density of cm 2 was obtained.
- the carbon-containing porous body prepared in Example 5 was immersed in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution adjusted to ⁇ 10 or more. After that, the solvent was replaced with acetone, and a drying treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an electron emitting material composed of a porous carbon material.
- the length in the longitudinal direction after the treatment was about 90%.
- the apparent density was as small as about 120 kg / m 3, and its specific surface area was as high as 800 m 2 Zkg.
- the electron emitting material produced as described above was crimped on a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber. Furthermore, an anode electrode was placed in a space of about 1 mm above the electron beam; t material, and a voltage was applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode to measure the radiation flow rate. As a result, the emission current increases by one digit or more compared to the conventional structure using the same nonporous carbon material as the emitter, and it is about 50 mA, cm for an anode voltage of about 3 kV. A density of 2 was obtained.
- Polyamic acid synthesized from pyromellitic anhydride and oxidianiline was used as a carbon precursor.
- a solution was prepared by dissolving this polyamic acid in N-methylpyrrolidone so that the content of the polyamic acid was 1% by weight.
- the silica wet gel prepared in Example 1 By immersing the silica wet gel prepared in Example 1 in this solution, the wet gel impregnated with polyamic acid was obtained. Got.
- the obtained polyamide age wet gel was imidized by the following two methods.
- the chemical imidization was performed by immersing a polyamide-aged wet gel in a pyridine solution that was hardly anhydrous. This polyimide-containing wet gel was fiberized to obtain a polyimide-containing herbal fiber gel A.
- the polyamide-containing wet gel is converted into a fiber gel by difficulty, and the fiber gel is heated at 300 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to perform imidization, thereby obtaining a polyimide-containing material.
- Gel B was obtained.
- the obtained polyimide-containing gels A and B were carbonized at 600 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain carbonized porous bodies. These porous materials are further heated with 120 O :, and thereafter, the silica skeleton is evaporated and graphitized at 200 O: or more. I got each of the talents. Thus, porous gels could be obtained in the same manner in both of the dried gels A and B.
- the obtained carbon had a graphite orientation higher than that of the carbon spirit formed in the above difficult example.
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was placed on a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and placed in a vacuum chamber.
- an anode electrode was placed in a space about 1 mm above the electron-emitting material, and a voltage was applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode to measure the release flow rate.
- the emission current increased by one order of magnitude or more compared to the through-hole structure using the same nonporous carbon material as the emitter, and about 90 mA for an anode voltage of about 3 kV. Release of cm 2 ! ⁇ The flow density was obtained.
- Electrodialysis of soda was performed to prepare an aqueous solution of caieic acid having a pH of 9 to 10 (14% by weight of a silylation component in the aqueous solution).
- the container was maleified.
- gelation was performed at room temperature to obtain a solidified silica wet gel.
- the silica wet gel was subjected to hydrophobizing treatment in a 5% by weight solution of dimethyldimethoxysilane in isopropyl alcohol, and then subjected to vacuum removal fiber, which is usually removed, to obtain a silica thigh gel. After 3 hours at a pressure of 0.05MPa. The temperature was lowered after pressing.
- the obtained silica fiber gel of silica had an apparent density of about 200 kgZm 3 and a porosity of about 92%.
- the value of the specific surface area measured by the BET method was about 600 m 2 _g.
- the average pore diameter was about 15 nm.
- silica thigh gel Silica fiber gel is installed in a vacuum male device, and benzene gas is discharged and formed by high frequency of 13.56 MHz and power of 200 W, and a carbon film is formed in the dried silica gel adjusted to 200.
- an electron emitting material composed of a carbon-containing porous material was obtained.
- the apparent density of this porous body is about 220 kgZm 3, which means that the volume of the porous body is small.
- the specific surface area by the BET method is approximately
- the value was as high as 600 m 2 / g.
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was bonded to a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber.
- an anode electrode was placed in a space about 1 row above the electron source, and a voltage was applied between the metal electrode and the control electrode to measure the flow rate.
- the discharge is increased by one digit or more compared to the conventional structure using the same nonporous carbon material as the emitter, and about 40 kV for the anode voltage of about 3 kV.
- a discharge density of mAZ cm 2 was obtained.
- Example 8 After preparing a silica fiber gel in the same manner as in Example 8, another carbon material was applied to the surface of the network skeleton.
- the silica thigh gel was placed in a vacuum chamber, and a plasma of a mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen was formed at a frequency of 2.45 GH ⁇
- a sample was used to form a diamond film in a silica gel to obtain an electronic material having a carbon-containing porous material.
- the apparent density of the porous body was about 220 kg / m 3 , confirming that the if reaction was small. Further, the specific surface area by the BET method showed a high value of about 60 Om 2 / g.
- the electron-emitting material produced as described above was bonded to a metal electrode via a conductive paste in the same manner as in Example 1, and was placed in a vacuum chamber.
- an anode electrode is placed in a space of about lmm above the electron material, and the voltage between the metal electrode and the control electrode is changed. Pressure was applied to measure the flow rate.
- the same non-porous carbon material was used as the emitter!
- the emission current increased by one digit or more compared to the structure, and about 4 for an anode voltage of about 3 kV. ! ! ! Eight ⁇ ! ⁇ Release!
- the flow density was obtained.
- a carbon material was used as an electron emitting component.
- an electron dimensional material prepared by coating a network skeleton with a material that easily emits electrons for example, boron nitride, metal compound barium and the like. NO: ⁇ also confirmed that a higher flow rate than that of the through-hole structure could be obtained.
- a silica porous material was used as the raw porous skeleton structure.
- other porous materials for example, an electron emitting material having a network skeleton of alumina: ⁇ are also higher than the suspension structure. We confirmed that we could get a criticism.
- Quartz »A metal film was formed as the Banjo layer 82 on the ⁇ 1 surface of 81.
- the electrode material is not particularly kneel, but the metal film is a 2 m-thick tungsten film.
- an electron emission layer 83 having a porous structure was formed.
- the thickness is about 1 using the sol-gel method. Specifically, tetramethoxysilane, ethanol, and an aqueous ammonia solution (0.1N) were prepared at a molar ratio of 1: 3: 4 as a solution containing a raw material for silylation, and subjected to an ornamental treatment. Then, when the viscosity reached a high level, this gel raw material liquid was applied by spin coating to a thickness of 1 m.
- the porous silica layer having a thickness of ⁇ Jl ⁇ n is formed, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Although it depends on the eaves occupation, the preferable range is approximately 0.1 tm or more and 10 m or less.
- the sample on which the silica wet gel was formed was washed with ethanol (solvent-equilibrated, and then subjected to supercritical difficulties with carbon dioxide to form a silica gel.
- a porous silica layer was obtained.
- the pressure was gradually released after the elapse of 4 hours under the conditions of a pressure of 12 MPa and a temperature of 50 ° C, and the temperature was lowered.
- the voids in the obtained porous silica layer made of Kusatsu gel were about 92%.
- the average pore diameter was estimated by the BET method, it was about 20 nm.
- the dried sample was finally subjected to an annealing treatment at 400 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to release the adsorbed substances to the multi-layer.
- a carbon precursor made of polyimide was formed by the above-described method, and an electron emission layer made of a carbon material was formed at a temperature of about 800 ° C.
- a humid body layer 85 made of silicon dioxide and an upper electrode serving as a control layer 84 are formed, and an electron emitting element 80 having a structure as shown in FIG. 8 is formed using a general lithography process. Produced.
- the thus prepared electron probe was placed in a vacuum chamber, and a positive voltage was applied between the electrode layer and the control electrode, and the discharge flow rate was measured. As a result, a discharge density of about 8001 8 011 12 was obtained, which is more than 10 times that of the above.
- Example 1 the electron-emitting material prepared in Example 1 was subjected to a pulverization treatment, and the powdered material was mixed with a binder (isopropyl methacrylate) to prepare an electron-emitting material-containing paste.
- This paste was applied on the electrode layer by the method of an ink jet, and a process of reducing the amount of binder was performed to produce an electron emission layer 80 as shown in FIG.
- the electron emitting eaves 80 prepared as described above was placed in a vacuum chamber, and a positive voltage was applied between the electrode layer and the control electrode to measure the flow rate. As a result, a discharge current density of about 60 mA / cm 2 , which is 10 times or more than that of, was obtained.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the phosphor according to the embodiment.
- the components of the present phosphor that emit light are composed of the electronic component 90, the anode 151 100, and the vacuum container 911 containing them as described in the examples.
- the electron emission return 1590 and the anode 100 are completely contained in the vacuum vessel.
- the anode portion 100 is formed by laminating a transparent conductor E (ITO) functioning as an anode electrode 98 on the front surface 99 made of glass, and furthermore, as a phosphor layer 97, a ZnS-based phosphor. Was formed by coating.
- ITO transparent conductor E
- the phosphor body prepared as described above was placed in a vacuum chamber. A voltage is applied between the lower electrode and the control electrode, with the control electrode side being positive. Electrons are reduced from the electron-emitting device 91 to the vacuum region, and an acceleration voltage of 3 kV is applied to the anode electrode 98. Was applied, and the flow current and the emission luminance of the phosphor were measured. As a result, 5 OmAZcm 2 was observed as a negative flow density, and a luminance of 800 cdZm 2 or more was obtained.
- the electron emission of the profession has been described. However, by arranging two or more of them and controlling the amount of light emitted from each phosphor, it can be converted to an image display device capable of displaying images and characters.
- a method of drawing an image using this configuration is a method usually called matrix driving. That is, the lower comfort layer 102 formed in a strip shape on the il 01 and the upper electrode also serving as the control electrode layer 104 for controlling the amount of radiation current of the dog are arranged perpendicularly.
- drivers 108 and 109 are connected to each other. By inputting image data to each driver in accordance with the synchronization signal, electrons can be reduced in size by a desired emission from a desired electron emission surface (where each electrode row crosses).
- the electron beam is accelerated in a vacuum by the voltage applied to the anode electrode 106 and irradiates the phosphor layer 105 to obtain an arbitrary shape / arbitrary luminance. Can be drawn.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
- Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2005503136A JP3763026B2 (ja) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-05 | 電子放射素子、蛍光体発光素子及び画像描画装置 |
US11/028,329 US7163429B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2005-01-04 | Method for manufacturing electron-emitting material |
US11/646,407 US20070108887A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2006-12-28 | Electron-emitting element, fluorescent light-emitting element, and image displaying device |
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JP2003059928 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003-059928 | 2003-03-06 |
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US11/028,329 Continuation US7163429B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2005-01-04 | Method for manufacturing electron-emitting material |
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US (2) | US7163429B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3763026B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (4)
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JP2008047498A (ja) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 電子エミッタ材料および電子放出応用装置 |
JP2011124412A (ja) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-23 | Denso Corp | 熱電子発電素子 |
JP2011216440A (ja) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-27 | Sharp Corp | 電子放出素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2012521614A (ja) * | 2009-02-18 | 2012-09-13 | ライトラブ スウェーデン アーベー | 電界放出陰極を具えるx線源 |
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JP3809182B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-08 | 2006-08-16 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 電子放出材料とその製造方法ならびにこれを用いた電子放出素子 |
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- 2004-03-05 CN CNB2004800061508A patent/CN100527309C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-05 JP JP2005503136A patent/JP3763026B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2005
- 2005-01-04 US US11/028,329 patent/US7163429B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN100527309C (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
JPWO2004079766A1 (ja) | 2006-06-08 |
US20050127814A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
CN1757087A (zh) | 2006-04-05 |
US7163429B2 (en) | 2007-01-16 |
US20070108887A1 (en) | 2007-05-17 |
JP3763026B2 (ja) | 2006-04-05 |
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