WO2004063400A1 - Acier inoxydable durci par précipitation à surface modifiée - Google Patents

Acier inoxydable durci par précipitation à surface modifiée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004063400A1
WO2004063400A1 PCT/SE2004/000018 SE2004000018W WO2004063400A1 WO 2004063400 A1 WO2004063400 A1 WO 2004063400A1 SE 2004000018 W SE2004000018 W SE 2004000018W WO 2004063400 A1 WO2004063400 A1 WO 2004063400A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
max
stainless steel
carbon
coating
steel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2004/000018
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Göran Berglund
Original Assignee
Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab filed Critical Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab
Priority to JP2006500745A priority Critical patent/JP4511514B2/ja
Priority to EP04701444A priority patent/EP1599611A1/fr
Publication of WO2004063400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004063400A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
    • F16F2226/02—Surface treatments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a surface hardened and coated precipitation hardened stainless steel said surface showing low static friction and improved wear resistance. Moreover, it relates to a coating of the surface of said stainless steel, in which a surface hardening is accomplished simultaneously with said coating. The resulting coated steel showing a very high hardness simultaneously as it shows improved adhesitivity.
  • This steel can advantageously be used in applications with high requirements regarding a combination of high strength and/or toughness and wear resistance together with low friction, such as, e.g., shock absorbers and items for combustion engines and hydraulic systems, produced with a highly cost effective process.
  • a hardening treatment which basically itiay be a bulk treatment or a surface treatment.
  • the bulk treatment is intended t harden the steel material homogeneously, such as a plate or a wire, throughout the entire cross-section of the material, while the surface treatment is intended to harden only the surface of the component, leaving the substrate substantially unaffected.
  • US-A-5,632,826 (&WO-A-95/09930), which is hereby included in its entirety into the disclosure of the present application by this reference, discloses a precipitation hardened stainless steel in which the strengthening is based on the precipitation of particles throughout the material.
  • the strengthening particles have a quasi-crystalline structure, said structure being essentially obtained at aging times up to about 1000 hours and tempering treatments up to about 650°C.
  • This strengthening involves an increase in tensile strength of at least 200 MPa.
  • casehardening is to transform a relatively thin layer of material at the surface of the part by enrichment of carbon orother ingredients, in. order to make-the-surface " harder than the substrate, the substrate being the bulk of the steel that remains unaffected by the surface modification.
  • Stainless steels are often casehardened by carburization. This is a process where carbon atoms in solution diffuse into the surface of the substrate, i.e., the steel.
  • Known casehardening processes are performed at high temperatures.
  • Carburization processes are performed at temperatures of about 540°C or higher (for stainless steel alloys). However, such high temperature processes can promote the formation of carbides in the surface of said stainless steel.
  • A-eonventional " way of lowering the static friction-and-to-increase t re ⁇ hardness is to prepare a very smooth surface and then to apply hard chromium plating on this surface. Thereby a hardness level is achieved for low alloy wrought steel that amounts to about 1000 Hv.
  • a surface hardening is often made before the hard chromium plating. The process is relatively complicated and involves several relocations of the work-piece due to the dimension alterations it undergoes during the hardening.
  • a treated work-piece comprises, e.g., of a base body or substrate of steel and a hard material layer system next to the substrate, supplemented by a metal layer and finally a sliding layer system, whereby the latter is preferably made of carbide, especially tungsten carbide or chromium carbide, and dispersed carbon.
  • a layer system which comprises of an adhesive layer, which is placed on a substrate, a transition layer, which is placed on the adhesive layer and an outer layer, which is made of diamond-like carbon.
  • the adhesive layer comprises at least one element from the group consisting, e.g., of the 4 th , 5 th and 6 th subgroups and silicon.
  • the transition layer consists of diamond-like carbon.
  • the layer system has a hardness of at least 15 GPa, preferably at least 20 GPa, and an adhesive strength of at least 3 HF according to VDI 3824 ("Quality Assurance in the Case of PVD and CVD Hard Coatings"), sheet 4.
  • VDI 3824 Quality Assurance in the Case of PVD and CVD Hard Coatings
  • Another object of the present invention is to obtain a low static friction on a very hard and wear resistant stainless steel surface in a simple and cost effective way, with as few procedural steps as possible.
  • Still anofheFobTect of the present inventionio p ⁇ oduce components of sophisticated geometry of said stainless steel with a low static friction on a very hard and wear resistant surface.
  • Chromium from about 10 to about 14
  • Molybdenum from about 0.5 to about 6
  • Nickel from about 7 to about 11
  • Tantalum max about 0.1
  • Niobium ma about 0.1
  • Aluminum from about 0.05 to about 0.6
  • Iron balance and normally occurring usual steelmaking additions and impurities wherein said steel is coated and surface hardened in one and the same operation, having a combination of high strength and/or toughness and wear resistance together with low friction and improved adhesiveness.
  • Chromium from about 10 to about 14
  • Molybdenum from about 0.5 to about 6
  • Nickel from about 7 to about 11
  • Niobium max about 0.1
  • Aluminum from about 0.05 to about 0.6
  • Titanium from about 0.4 to about 1.4
  • the present invention relates to methods of application of a low static friction coating on a specific class of stainless steels. Moreover, this low static friction coating also results in a very hard and wear resistant surface.
  • the coating is applied according to the well-known PVD ("Physical Vapor Deposition") technique, in accordance with the state of the art referred to above.
  • the steel has turned out to possess the surprising property of having a considerable inner hardness increase when the coating is applied whereby the necessary hard and carrying surface layer is created to carry the hard and low-friction top coating. Since the PVD operation is performed at a relatively low temperature, the dimensions of the work-piece are maioia -MtJiouiany distortions.
  • Chromium from about 10 to about 14
  • Molybdenum from about 0.5 to about 6
  • Nickel from about 7 to about 11
  • Niobium max about 0.1
  • Aluminum from about 0.05 to about 0.6
  • Titanium from about 0.4 to about 1.4
  • This stainless steel contains quasi-crystalline particles in a martensitic microstructure as a result of a precipitation hardening, as described in the above mentioned prior art references US-A-5,632,826, WO-A-93/07303, WO-A-01/14601
  • a low static friction coating is applied, said coating consisting essentially of titanium nitride or diamond-like carbon (DLC), which is applied by PVD technique.
  • DLC diamond-like carbon
  • the great advantage of the present invention is that the application of the low static friction and wear -resistant coating-and the_ne-cessar-y surface hardening-are brought-about-in-One-and- the same operation.
  • Another significant advantage of the present invention is hen the work- piece is of tubular shape for the manufacturing of tube-shaped items. Thanks to an excellent cold-workability of the stainless steel according to the invention, tubular products are readily produced. Costly long-hole drilling operations otherwise required for commonly available bar shaped products are thus eliminated. [0024] It should be noted that when extremely hard and wear resistant surfaces are required, e.g., in some engine components, it would be a feasible modification Of the present invention to include a plasma nitrided between the substrate and the PVD coating according to the present invention.
  • Plasma nitriding is an alternative casehardening process, which is carried out in a glow discharge in a nitrogen gas- containing mixture at a pressure of about 10O to about 1000 Pa (about 1 to about 10 mbar). It is one of the methods used to treat stainless steel surfaces thereby resulting in a nitrogen diffusion layer having high hardness and excellent wear resistance. Nitriding hardening is induced by the precipitation of nitrides in the surface layer. The plasma nitriding is the most recently developed surface hardening procedure.
  • This process replaces traditional nitriding methods, such as gas nitriding and nitrocarburation (short-term gas nitriding, bath nitriding and tenifer (a salt-bath nitriding process sometimes called the "Tuffride process”) treatment), since identical thermo-chemical conditions can be established in this process.
  • Plasma nitriding achieves higher hardness and wear resistance, while creating lower distortion.
  • palsma nitriding is very cost effective. This is due to the fact that subsequent machining, finishing and residue removal processes are frequently not required.
  • supplementary protective measures such as burnishing, phosphatizi ⁇ g, etc., are not necessary.
  • the plasma nitriding is performed in a vacuum furnace.
  • Treatment temperatures in the range of about 400 to about 580°C are employed, subject to the requirements of the process in question. Typical treatment temperatures are in the -range of about 420 to about500°C.
  • Treatment-times-vary betweenrab ⁇ ut-10-minutes and about 70 hours, depending upon the component to be treated as well as the desired structure and thickness of the layer(s) formed.
  • the most commonly used process gases are ammonia, nitrogen, methane and hydrogen. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are used in the corrosion-protective step of post-oxidation.
  • pressure, temperature and time are the main parameters of the treatment process. By varying these parameters in accordance with the knowledge of the skilled artisan, the plasma nitriding process can be fine-tuned to achieve the exact desired properties in any treated component.
  • any iron-based material can be submitted to plasma nitriding.
  • the process does not require the use of special types of nitriding steel.
  • the results attained by plasma nitriding can be reproduced with pinpoint accuracy. This is especially important in the manufacture of serial products.
  • plasma nitriding does not significantly reduce the static friction. It would cause no problem to submit the stainless steel to temperatures in the range of about 450 to about 500°C twice, since it will easily resist this temperature without showing softening tendencies.
  • Mechanical Properties of the stainless steel are:
  • the steel of the present invention maintains its mechanical properties even after long use at elevated temperatures up to about 400°C.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion of the steel of the present invention is about 10% lower than that of carbon steel and more than 30% lower than that of a conventional stainless steel, such as ASTM type 304L.
  • the steel of the invention is cold formable and bendable to tight radii. It is also suitable for common machining operations such as cutting, turning and grinding.
  • the steel has good welding properties, when using TIG and MIG welding methods.
  • Another advantage of the steel of the present invention is the improved corrosion resistance compared to, e.g., standard steel ASTM type 304L.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un acier inoxydable revêtu et durci en surface présentant un frottement statique faible et une résistance à l'usure améliorée. De plus, l'invention concerne un revêtement de surface dudit acier inoxydable, dans lequel un durcissement en surface est accompli simultanément avec ledit revêtement. L'acier revêtu ainsi obtenu présente une dureté très élevée ainsi qu'une adhérence améliorée. Ledit acier peut, de manière avantageuse, être utilisé dans des applications présentant des exigences élevées en termes de résistance et/ou de ténacité élevée(s) combinée à une résistance à l'usure ainsi qu'un faible frottement, tel que, par exemple, des amortisseurs et des éléments pour moteurs à combustion et systèmes hydrauliques, produits selon un procédé hautement efficace en termes de coûts. Le substrat en acier inoxydable durci par précipitation utilisé présente la composition suivante (en pourcentage en poids): environ 0,1 de carbone au maximum, environ 0,1 d'azote au maximum, entre environ 0,5 et environ 4 de cuivre, entre environ 10 et environ 14 de chrome, entre environ 0,5 et 6 de molybdène, entre environ 7 et environ 11 de nickel, de 0 à environ 9 de cobalt, environ 0,1 de tantale au maximum, environ 0,1 de niobium au maximum, environ 0,1 de vanadium au maximum, environ 0,1 de tungstène au maximum, entre environ 0,05 et environ 0,6 d'aluminium, entre environ 0,4 et environ 1,4 de titane, environ 0,7 de silicium au maximum, environ 1,0 de manganèse au maximum, le reste étant constitué de fer ainsi que d'additions et d'impuretés usuelles apparaissant normalement lors de l'aciérage.
PCT/SE2004/000018 2003-01-13 2004-01-12 Acier inoxydable durci par précipitation à surface modifiée WO2004063400A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006500745A JP4511514B2 (ja) 2003-01-13 2004-01-12 表面改質した析出硬化型ステンレス鋼
EP04701444A EP1599611A1 (fr) 2003-01-13 2004-01-12 Acier inoxydable durci par pr cipitation surface modifi e

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0300073-4 2003-01-13
SE0300073A SE526501C2 (sv) 2003-01-13 2003-01-13 Metod för att ytmodifiera ett utskiljningshärdat rostfritt stål

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004063400A1 true WO2004063400A1 (fr) 2004-07-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2004/000018 WO2004063400A1 (fr) 2003-01-13 2004-01-12 Acier inoxydable durci par précipitation à surface modifiée

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20040173288A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1599611A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4511514B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100549189C (fr)
SE (1) SE526501C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004063400A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007049915A1 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-03 Posco Tole d’acier a resistance amelioree a la corrosion pour pot d’echappement d’automobile et son procede de fabrication

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE525291C2 (sv) * 2002-07-03 2005-01-25 Sandvik Ab Ytmodifierat rostfritt stål
SE526481C2 (sv) * 2003-01-13 2005-09-20 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ythärdat rostfritt stål med förbättrad nötningsbeständighet och låg statisk friktion
TW200641153A (en) * 2003-04-08 2006-12-01 Gainsmart Group Ltd Ultra-high strength weathering steel and method for making same
EP1722001A1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 Gainsmart Group Limited, a Corporation of the British Virgin Islands with offices at: Acier à haute résistance résistant aux intempéries au nickel-cobalt sans aluminium et titan, et procédé de production correspondant
EP1722000A1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 Gainsmart Group Limited, a Corporation of the British Virgin Islands with offices at: Acier à haute résistance inoxydable au chrome-nickel sans aluminium et titan, et procédé de production correspondant
WO2006128050A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Lames de rasoir et compositions et procedes pour la production de lames de rasoir
SE0502312L (sv) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-10 Sandvik Intellectual Property Tunnväggigt rör samt produkter innefattande ett sådant rör
AT504482B1 (de) * 2007-03-01 2008-06-15 Ruebig Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung
JP2009203541A (ja) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-10 Ntn Corp 摺動部材
WO2012117546A1 (fr) * 2011-03-03 2012-09-07 エヌケーケーシームレス鋼管株式会社 TUYAU EN ACIER À FAIBLE TENEUR EN C ET HAUTE TENEUR EN Cr DE CLASSE 862 MPa PRÉSENTANT UNE RÉSISTANCE À LA CORROSION ÉLEVÉE ET SON PROCÉDÉ DE PRODUCTION
EP2686481B1 (fr) * 2011-03-18 2017-07-12 PrimeBlade Sweden AB Outil en forme de lame et son procédé de fabrication
UA109963C2 (uk) * 2011-09-06 2015-10-26 Катана сталь, яка затвердіває внаслідок виділення часток після гарячого формування і/або загартовування в інструменті, яка має високу міцність і пластичність, та спосіб її виробництва
CN104694852A (zh) * 2015-03-20 2015-06-10 苏州科胜仓储物流设备有限公司 一种用于轻型货架的高强度钢板及其锻造工艺
CN108103402B (zh) * 2017-12-26 2019-07-19 西华大学 一种轨道交通车体用不锈钢及其制备方法与应用
CN114107883B (zh) * 2021-11-29 2024-01-12 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 一种沉淀硬化不锈钢环形零件内腔局部离子渗氮方法

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007049915A1 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-03 Posco Tole d’acier a resistance amelioree a la corrosion pour pot d’echappement d’automobile et son procede de fabrication
US7922968B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2011-04-12 Posco Corrosion resistance improved steel sheet for automotive muffler and method of producing the steel sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100549189C (zh) 2009-10-14
SE526501C2 (sv) 2005-09-27
JP2006518007A (ja) 2006-08-03
JP4511514B2 (ja) 2010-07-28
US20040173288A1 (en) 2004-09-09
EP1599611A1 (fr) 2005-11-30
SE0300073D0 (sv) 2003-01-13
SE0300073L (sv) 2004-07-14
CN1735698A (zh) 2006-02-15

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