WO2004035658A1 - Abbaustabiles polyamid und verfahren zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Abbaustabiles polyamid und verfahren zu dessen herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004035658A1 WO2004035658A1 PCT/EP2003/011085 EP0311085W WO2004035658A1 WO 2004035658 A1 WO2004035658 A1 WO 2004035658A1 EP 0311085 W EP0311085 W EP 0311085W WO 2004035658 A1 WO2004035658 A1 WO 2004035658A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- amine
- deactivator
- lactam
- catalyst
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
- C08G69/14—Lactams
- C08G69/16—Preparatory processes
- C08G69/18—Anionic polymerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
- C08G69/14—Lactams
- C08G69/16—Preparatory processes
- C08G69/18—Anionic polymerisation
- C08G69/20—Anionic polymerisation characterised by the catalysts used
Definitions
- the invention relates to a novel polyamide which is stable when re-melted and which can be obtained by anionic polymerization, a specific deactivator being added to the polymer in the melt.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a corresponding poly id.
- the polylactam melt becomes strongly acidic, which causes corrosion on the processing machines, such as extruders and injection molding machines, and makes the polymer susceptible to hydrolytic degradation in practical use, especially in a moist environment.
- the invention is related to the polyamide by the features of claim 1 and in relation to the method of manufacture solved by the features of claims 21 and 25.
- the subclaims show advantageous developments.
- a deactivator which consists of a proton donor and an amine.
- the acid must protonate all the basic sites on the polyamide chain that originate from the catalyst. This means that the concentration of the acidic groups (eg -COOH) must be at least as large as the basicity originating from the catalyst but less than the sum of the basicity and the concentration of amine function. It is therefore also beneficial to mix the deactivator homogeneously into the melt, so that as many basic points as possible are reached.
- the polylactam is as good as a hydrolytically produced polylactam when processed further in the melt state in terms of degradation stability (also with regard to the aspect of hydrolysis sensitivity).
- the deactivator according to the invention thus causes amine to be present alongside some protonated amine and a higher pH to be established than is the case when only a carboxylic acid is used, in which -COOH is present besides -COO " , which increases the sensitivity to hydrolysis.
- the mechanism can be explained in principle with Figure 1. Although the pH buffer areas shown correspond to acetic acid and ammonia in aqueous solution, the position of the curve also remains with the invented Substances according to the invention in polyamide are approximately the same.
- the carboxylic acid releases the proton to the amine, so that protonated amine is formed.
- the proton (H + ) is now transferred to the strongly basic positions (-N ' -) of the lactam chain, which neutralizes the polyamide chain.
- the proton donor is preferably used in a slight excess over the catalyst, and the amine content is chosen so that one remains in the amine buffer area, which is the case when the concentration of the acidic groups is less than the sum of the basicity and as a second condition the concentration of amine function. This keeps you in a pH range of approx. 8-10, which is optimal for the hydrolysis stability of the polyamide in practical use.
- Non-volatile secondary or tertiary amines are particularly suitable as amines for the deactivator system. It is particularly preferred if the amine is trialkylated or if it is a secondary amine in which the amine group is sterically shielded. This ensures that the polyamide chain is not attacked in the sense of degradation / re-amidation. Examples of preferred amine compounds which can be used for the deactivator according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
- the compounds listed in FIG. 4 are known by the abbreviation HALS (hindered amine light stabilizers). Their use as an amine in the sense of the invention has the additional advantage that at the same time the polylactam is protected against the effects of weathering, in particular UV rays.
- the proton donor of the deactivator is preferably an organic carboxylic acid, usually a polycarbonic acid, for example an oligomeric wax-like product, such as an acidic polyethylene wax, which contains carboxyl groups, or is present as a cooligomer or copolymer. It is particularly preferred here if the copolymer is an ethylene (meth) acrylic acid copolymer.
- the deactivator with proton donor and amine can consist of two isolated compounds which are then mixed in a ratio such that the strongly basic PA chains are then fully protonated and the amine compound is still partially protonated and one is thus located in the amine buffer area (ammonium ⁇ free amine).
- the deactivator consists of a single compound which has at least one proton-donating group and at least one amine group. This has a far-reaching advantage. Thus, only one compound has to be mixed homogeneously into the polylactam mixture.
- the behavior of the polyamide according to the invention corresponds to that of a hydrolytically produced polylactam, as is known from the prior art. It is particularly preferred if the lactam has 6 -12 carbon atoms and is particularly preferred here if lactam 6 and / or lactam 12 or mixtures thereof are used.
- Suitable catalysts are all those known per se in the prior art, in particular alkali metal lactamate or a lactamate-forming compound.
- those selected from the group of the acylated lactams, isocyanates and carbodiamides, which can also be present in capped or cyclized form, are preferred.
- a catalytically active liquid system is used for the polymerization control which contains the activator and the catalyst in a liquid polar aprotic solvation agent.
- Such systems are e.g. described in WO 01/46292 AI and WO 01/96293 AI. Reference is expressly made to the disclosure content of these documents.
- the polyamide according to the invention can be in the form of granules, on the one hand, or the polyamide is shaped as a molded body in the form of injection molded parts, fibers, foils, plates, tubes, jackets, shaped or profile pieces.
- the moldings can either directly from the melt according to the invention or be produced via the granulate intermediate stage.
- the invention thus also relates to a method for producing degradable polyamide.
- the procedure according to the invention is such that, after the polymerization has taken place, a deactivator in the form of a proton donor and an amine is mixed into the polyamide melt.
- the deactivator is thus added to the strongly basic polylactam melt, which eliminates the disadvantage of viscosity instability. This is obviously due to the fact that the addition takes place directly after the polymerization, before side reactions can start.
- the deactivator is mixed in homogeneously.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out continuously in a mixer, e.g. in an extruder. It is preferred to use a twin-screw extruder with a suitable mixing part. This ensures that the deactivator is distributed quickly and completely in the melt.
- the deactivator can also be added in a form predistributed in a melted masterbatch, e.g. using a side feeder. The melt can then be fed to the shaping, or it is drawn off in a strand shape by a tool, granulated and the granules are dried for further use.
- the polymerization process it is also possible for the polymerization process to be controlled in such a way that the polymerization has just ended when the melt exits the extruder, for example as a strand, and is then used for the purpose Granulation cools down in a water bath.
- the deactivator can then be added during the subsequent remelting and homogeneously mixed into the lactam melt during the remelting and exert its effect. It is best to add them to the extruder feed, preferably either as masterbatch granules or by applying adhesive to the polyamide granules. This results in a degradable polyamide.
- a deactivator is used in the method according to the invention, as already described in the explanations for the polyamide. The same applies to the lactam, the activator and the catalyst. It is also preferred in the process if a catalytically active liquid system is used in which the activator and catalyst are present in a liquid polar aprotic solvating agent. With such a liquid system, the best polymerization results are achieved in the process according to the invention.
- deactivator has the additional advantage that, when used as a masterbatch, additional additives for improving properties and / or processing can be included which were previously incorporated into the masterbatch carrier with the deactivator.
- the masterbatch is produced by incorporating the deactivator component into the melt of a thermoplastic.
- This thermoplastic is the masterbatch carrier and is preferably polyamide.
- the masterbatch can contain further additives, as is known from the prior art and mentioned above. If the deactivator according to formula I is to be used as a masterbatch, it must be dried beforehand, since the compound is obtained as a filter cake with a solids content of approx. 65%. After drying, the dry or dried substance is melted together with the carrier granulate, which is preferably polyamide, with any water still released being removed. The proportions to any other additives are to be selected in a suitable manner so that the final concentration in the finished polyamide corresponds to practical requirements.
- Trigger lactam polymerization and control its sequence were carried out on the basis of a continuous process using a twin-screw extruder, the ZSK-25 from Werner and Pfleiderer Stuttgart, DE and based on Lactam 12.
- the lactam 12 was continuously fed to the extruder feed in the form of pills and dried to a water content of less than 0.01%.
- the desired degree of polymerization expressed as a number average, was set in such a way that the number of lactam molecules added was determined per active LC particle used, for example 180 lactam 12 molecules per 1 LC particle and this value as PG.N. designated.
- stage 2-for examples the method of having, wherein said first extrusion passage of the polymerization corresponds to and in the second Extrusion- 'through the catalyst deactivation occurred and they so adjusted the conditions of extrusion that after completion of, the first passage of the melt through the extruder the polymerization had just taken place.
- the usually chosen polymerization conditions - with minor adjustments to the respective variants - are: screw construction in such a way that lactam in pill form can be easily taken in, then an opening in housing zone 2 for the continuous metering of the liquid catalyst, followed by the mixing - And then the polymerization zone with essentially conveying elements of the screw.
- the LC was metered into extruder zone 2 with the aid of a continuously pump, usually a so-called HPLC pump.
- Suitable, general setting data of the ZSK for the polymerization process are:
- Irganox 1310 a monocarboxylic acid from Ciba SC with a sterically hindered phenol residue
- a Zn ionomer from Du Pont corresponds to a partially neutralized ethylene acrylic acid copolymer that also contains flexible monomer components
- Lucalen 2920 an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer from BASF
- Irgacor L 190 a trifunctional, cyclic carboxylic acid with 6 N atoms in the molecule of Ciba SC - Formula I
- Lactam 12 is below at a throughput of 12 kg / h and a setting temperature of the extruder housing of the polymerization zone of 260 ° C
- the recipes for the tests and the test results are summarized in FIG. 5, Table 1, tests 5, 6 and 8 corresponding to the state according to the invention and the remaining tests being comparative tests.
- the proportion of the catalyst-deactivating compound is calculated in each case so that it amounts to 35 ⁇ E / g in the compounded mixture, i.e. it exceeds the basicity of the polylactam chain by 7 ⁇ E / g, which is necessary in practice because commercial products with fluctuating acidity are mostly used and to ensure sufficient diffusion of the acidic compound to the basic centers in the polylactam.
- a good deactivator system for the catalyst gives a time constant MVI of 20-40 for PG.N 180, which means that the polylacetam is easy to process, especially in extrusion processes, e.g. to pipes.
- Comparative experiment 7 shows a clear drop in viscosity, measurable via the rV and the MVI.
- Irgacor L 190 is added to the ionomer, the desired behavior results, in contrast to comparative experiments 9 and 10, where the use of monoeric acid again leads to a significant drop in viscosity with a high MVI value.
- the formulations according to the invention also produce test specimens of excellent intrinsic color and good surface area in the case of thermoplastic forming in injection molding, which is a significant advantage in the coloring.
- they were extruded a second time on a laboratory twin-screw extruder, a Collin ZK 25 T table compounder. After 4 minutes of melting time, the MVI values of the formulations according to the invention were again in the range of 25-40 (per test number and MVI value: 5: 34-6: 28 and 8:26), which was favorable for the PG.N.
- Comparative tests 3 and 4 are only with acidic copolymer under 25 and the variants with monomeric carboxylic acid are each significantly higher.
- the degradation in the formulations according to the invention is significantly less despite the high water content.
- the MVI values of the pure polymers are high and fluctuate significantly, which indicates the remaining instability in the melt state. This is also visible in the high delta to the rV of these samples c) during the MVI measurement with a melting time of only 4 minutes.
- the MVI values of the reextruded samples d) are consistently lower and decrease steadily with increasing PG.N, which corresponds to the expectation.
- the degradation that can be detected via the rV, as delta rV, is now much lower, which demonstrates the degradation stability of the melt.
- the polymer already compounded with Irgacor L 190 for experiment 12 with PG.N 200 was additionally extruded as experiment 15 for the second time on the collin laboratory extruder.
- a comparison of the rV, the MVI and the delta rV samples d) confirm the good processing stability of these formulations provided with Irgacor 1 190 Remelting and processing.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/530,957 US20060142537A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-07 | Decomposition-resistant polyamide and method for the production thereof |
AU2003276071A AU2003276071A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-07 | Decomposition-resistant polyamide and method for the production thereof |
DE10393462T DE10393462B4 (de) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-07 | Abbaustabiles Polyamid und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10247470.2 | 2002-10-11 | ||
DE10247470A DE10247470A1 (de) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-10-11 | Abbaustabiles Polyamid und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004035658A1 true WO2004035658A1 (de) | 2004-04-29 |
Family
ID=32049233
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/011085 WO2004035658A1 (de) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-07 | Abbaustabiles polyamid und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060142537A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1305930C (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003276071A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10247470A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW200413438A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004035658A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005023419B4 (de) | 2005-05-20 | 2007-02-22 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Polyamid-Oligomere und deren Verwendung |
DE102005023420A1 (de) | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-23 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Polyamidformmassen mit verbesserter Fliessfähigkeit, deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
CN103827171B (zh) * | 2011-09-08 | 2016-10-19 | 莱茵化学莱瑙有限公司 | 用于生产浇注的聚酰胺的新型组合物 |
CN103483475A (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 北京化工大学 | 一种活性阴离子聚合物封端制备端羧基聚合物的方法 |
CN115895212A (zh) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-04 | 扬州集飞新材料科技有限公司 | 一种阻燃耐磨pbt复合材料及其制备方法 |
Citations (4)
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JPH08157594A (ja) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-06-18 | Unitika Ltd | 熱安定性高分子量ナイロン6の製造法 |
EP0905166A1 (de) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-03-31 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyamiden |
WO2001046292A1 (de) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-28 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Flüssiginitiator zur beschleunigten durchführung der anionischen lactampolymerisation, verfahren zu dessen herstellung und verwendung |
EP1249465A1 (de) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-16 | EMS-Chemie AG | Anionisch hergestelltes Polyamid und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie ein Verfahren zum Wiederaufbereiten von Polyamid |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE1163541B (de) * | 1961-02-24 | 1964-02-20 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung linearer Polyamide hoher Viskositaet aus am Stickstoff unsubstituierten ª-Lactamen |
US3700662A (en) * | 1968-08-28 | 1972-10-24 | Tatsuo Ishikawa | Triazine derivatives and compositions thereof |
FR2150232B1 (de) * | 1971-08-25 | 1974-03-29 | Aquitaine Total Organico | |
US4783511A (en) * | 1984-10-29 | 1988-11-08 | Ems-Inventa Ag | Process for preparing moulded bodies from modified thermoplastic polyamides |
DE19531990A1 (de) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-05-15 | Polymer Eng Gmbh | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Polyamid 6 unter Verwendung von Rücklactam |
BE1010331A3 (nl) * | 1996-06-06 | 1998-06-02 | Dsm Nv | Zuur aanverfbare vezel. |
DE19961819C2 (de) * | 1999-12-21 | 2002-11-14 | Ems Chemie Ag | Flüssiginitiator zur beschleunigten Durchführung der anionischen Lactampolymerisation, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung |
-
2002
- 2002-10-11 DE DE10247470A patent/DE10247470A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-10-03 TW TW092127376A patent/TW200413438A/zh unknown
- 2003-10-07 DE DE10393462T patent/DE10393462B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-07 AU AU2003276071A patent/AU2003276071A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-07 CN CNB2003801011677A patent/CN1305930C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-07 WO PCT/EP2003/011085 patent/WO2004035658A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-07 US US10/530,957 patent/US20060142537A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08157594A (ja) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-06-18 | Unitika Ltd | 熱安定性高分子量ナイロン6の製造法 |
EP0905166A1 (de) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-03-31 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyamiden |
WO2001046292A1 (de) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-28 | Ems-Chemie Ag | Flüssiginitiator zur beschleunigten durchführung der anionischen lactampolymerisation, verfahren zu dessen herstellung und verwendung |
EP1249465A1 (de) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-16 | EMS-Chemie AG | Anionisch hergestelltes Polyamid und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie ein Verfahren zum Wiederaufbereiten von Polyamid |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199634, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A23, AN 1996-339274, XP002269638 * |
UEDA K ET AL: "STABILIZATION OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT NYLON 6 SYNTHESIZED BY ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION OF EPSILON-CAPROLACTAM", POLYMER JOURNAL, SOCIETY OF POLYMER SCIENCE. TOKYO, JP, vol. 28, no. 12, 1996, pages 1084 - 1089, XP001079538, ISSN: 0032-3896 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200413438A (en) | 2004-08-01 |
DE10393462B4 (de) | 2006-10-12 |
CN1305930C (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
DE10247470A1 (de) | 2004-04-29 |
CN1703444A (zh) | 2005-11-30 |
DE10393462D2 (de) | 2005-09-01 |
US20060142537A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
AU2003276071A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
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