Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
  • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
  • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
  • B01J23/48—Silver or gold
  • B01J23/52—Gold
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
  • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
  • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
  • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
  • B01J23/58—Platinum group metals with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
  • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
  • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
  • C01B21/02—Preparation of nitrogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
  • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
  • B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
  • B01J21/08—Silica
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
  • B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
  • B01J37/0027—Powdering
  • B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
  • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
  • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia

Definitions

• step (d) filtration of the slurry produced in step (c) to remove the excess reduction solution
• the present invention provides a process which is integrated and has several advantages that are particularly suited to the production of a microspheroidal catalyst.
• impregnation of the microspheroidal particles by the incipient wetness technique whilst agitating the support has been found to be an effective way of providing relatively uniform impregnation.
• the subsequent drying stage can be performed using the same apparatus. This has advantages of reducing the handling of the material and controlling the location and distribution of the impregnated precursor metal salts.
• Suitable support particles have a distribution of larger to smaller particle sizes. Typically, at least 80% and preferably at least 90% of the support particles have mean diameters of less than about 300 microns.
• the agitation of the support particles during the incipient wetness impregnation step and during the subsequent drying step may be performed in an agitated blender such as ribbon, ploughshare, N-type. This has an advantage that the same apparatus may be used for both steps.
• this aspect of the present invention provides a process in which the reducing agent is at a high concentration and excess relative to the compound being reduced throughout the reaction. This has been found to produce a layer structure, which is especially beneficial for preparing a catalyst active for the acetoxylation of vinyl acetate.
• the salt is impregnated within the support with a uniform distribution and may be performed using the wet filtered material without the need of drying prior to impregnation with a solution of the salt. Additionally, impregnation of the salt may be performed by blending the wet support with the solid salt in a blender (e.g. ribbon, N-type, ploughshare) which has an advantage that the same apparatus may be used for the subsequent drying of the material.
• a blender e.g. ribbon, N-type, ploughshare
• the support impregnated with one or more salts of Group I, Group II, lanthanide and transition metals is dried at a temperature in the range from 60 °C to 150 °C.
• Example 1 Preparation of WD-1.
• Silica support (231.75kg) was impregnated with an aqueous solution of
• the material was dried in the ribbon blender by introducing steam into the steam jacket of the blender at a mean wall temperature of 145 °C. During the drying, a dry air purge was passed through the blender over the agitated material to remove the evolved moisture. Thereafter the dried material was cooled to room temperature and the impregnated salts were reduced to metallic state by addition of the solid material to a stirred aqueous solution of hydrazine (946 litres, 5 % by weight hydrazine). The resultant slurry was allowed to stand overnight with occasional stirring.
• the resulting product was a free-flowing catalyst material suitable for fluid bed acetoxylation of ethylene to produce vinyl acetate.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Cited By (2)

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• 2002
  • 2002-01-22 GB GBGB0201378.7A patent/GB0201378D0/en not_active Ceased
  • 2002-12-18 CN CNA028274377A patent/CN1615178A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-12-18 BR BR0215542-7A patent/BR0215542A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-12-18 KR KR10-2004-7011293A patent/KR20040083481A/ko not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-18 CN CNA2006101598427A patent/CN1970151A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-12-18 EP EP02806565A patent/EP1467814A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-12-18 JP JP2003561763A patent/JP2005515064A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-12-18 US US10/502,299 patent/US7166557B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-12-18 CA CA002472365A patent/CA2472365A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-12-18 WO PCT/GB2002/005761 patent/WO2003061829A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2002-12-25 TW TW091137351A patent/TWI299674B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (6)

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