WO2001082605A1 - Encoding device and method, recorded medium, and program - Google Patents
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- WO2001082605A1 WO2001082605A1 PCT/JP2001/003412 JP0103412W WO0182605A1 WO 2001082605 A1 WO2001082605 A1 WO 2001082605A1 JP 0103412 W JP0103412 W JP 0103412W WO 0182605 A1 WO0182605 A1 WO 0182605A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an encoding device and method, a recording medium, and a program, and in particular, stores management information of data content recorded on a recording medium as a file.
- the present invention relates to an encoding device and method for recording data, a recording medium, and a program.
- the digital video signals supplied from these sources are generally subjected to image compression by the MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) 2 system.
- a recording rate specific to the recording apparatus is defined.
- the digital video signals are decoded and then recorded with limited bandwidth.
- a digital recording system such as the MPEG 1 Video, MPEG 2 Video, or DV system, after being decoded once, it is re-encoded at a recording rate and encoding system specific to the device, and recorded. It is.
- the supplied bit stream is decoded once, and then subjected to band limitation and re-encoding, and is recorded.
- the supplied bit stream can be decoded without re-encoding.
- the method of recording as it is has the least deterioration in image quality.
- the transmission rate of the image-compressed digital signal exceeds the recording rate of the disc as the recording medium, the transmission rate will be lower than the upper limit of the disc recording rate after decoding by the recording / reproducing device. At the same time, it is necessary to record again.
- the recording rate is fixed because the rotating head has a fixed number of rotations.
- a disk recording device capable of storing data in a buffer once and recording in a burst can utilize the capacity of the recording medium more efficiently.
- broadcast signals can be recorded as digital signals without decoding or re-encoding as in the case of data streams, and recording using discs as recording media It is expected that a playback device will be required.
- an object of the present invention is to create a file of management information of the contents of data recorded on a recording medium and record the data, so that the data recorded on the recording medium can be recorded. To be able to properly manage evening content and playback information It is in.
- An encoding device includes an encoder that encodes video data at a variable rate, and a control unit that controls the amount of video encoded data to be approximately proportional to the time elapsed.
- the control unit can control so as to encode the scanning bytes when the amount of video encoded data generated per unit time is less than a predetermined amount.
- the control unit can determine whether or not to encode the sparing bytes according to the amount of data generated at the time of encoding each picture.
- the control unit can control to encode the stuffing byte so that the VBV buffer does not overflow.
- the control unit can perform control so as to perform encoding in one of the encoding mode in which the encoded data amount is substantially proportional to the passage of time and the ordinary encoding mode.
- the control unit can generate additional information indicating whether or not the encoding mode is a mode in which encoding is performed so that the amount of encoded data is approximately proportional to time.
- An encoding method includes an encoding step of encoding video data at a variable rate, and a control step of controlling the amount of encoded video data to be substantially proportional to time.
- the program of the recording medium according to the present invention includes an encoding step of encoding video data at a variable rate, and a control step of controlling the amount of video encoded data to be substantially proportional to the passage of time.
- a program according to the present invention executes an encoding step of encoding video data at a variable rate, and a control step of controlling the amount of video encoded data to be approximately proportional to the passage of time. .
- video data is encoded at a variable rate, and the amount of encoded video data is controlled so as to be approximately proportional to time.
- a recording medium includes a video data, an AV stream file including audio data corresponding to the video data, and a recording mode of the AV stream file. Are recorded.
- the flag can be time_control led_flag.
- the flag may indicate that the mode is such that the file size is recorded in such a manner that the file size is proportional to the elapsed time from the recording.
- video data an AV stream file including an audio stream corresponding to the video stream, and a flag indicating a recording mode of the AV stream file are recorded.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the format of data recorded on a recording medium by the recording / reproducing apparatus 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the Real PlayList and the Virtual PlayList.
- 4A to 4C are diagrams for explaining creation of a Real PlayList.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating the deletion of the Real PlayList.
- 6 and 6B are diagrams for explaining assemble editing.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a case where a sub path is provided in the Virtual PlayList.
- C is a diagram illustrating a change in the playback order of the PlayList.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating marks on the PlayList and marks on the Clip.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating menu thumbnails.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating marks added to the PlayList.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a mark added to a clip.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between PlayList, Clip, and thumbnail files.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a directory structure.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of info.dvr.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of the DVR volume.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of Resumevolume.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of UIAppInfovolume.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a table of Character set value.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of TableOfPlayList.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating another syntax of the TableOfPlayList.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of MakersPrivateData.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of xxxxx. Rpls and yyyyy.vpls.
- FIGS. 24A to 24C are diagrams illustrating PlayList.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of PlayList.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the PlayList_type table.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of UIAppinfoPlayList.
- FIGS. 28A to 28C are diagrams illustrating flags in the syntax of UIAppinfoPlayList shown in FIG. 27.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating Playltem.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating Playltem.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating Playltem.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing Playltem syntax.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining IN_time.
- FIG. 34 is a view for explaining 0UT_time.
- FIG. 35 shows a table of Connection One Condition.
- FIG. 36A to FIG. 36D are diagrams illustrating Connection-Condition.
- FIG. 37 is a view for explaining BridgeSequencelnfo.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of BridgeSequencelnfo.
- FIG. 39 is a view for explaining SubPlayltem.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of SubPlayltem.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing a table of SubPath_type.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of PlayListMark.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing a table of the Mark type.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram for explaining Mark_time_staiiip.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of zzzzz.clip.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of Cl iplnfo.
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing a table of Clip_stream_type.
- FIG. 48 is a view for explaining offset_SPN.
- FIG. 49 is a view for explaining offset_SPN.
- FIGS. 50A and 50B are diagrams illustrating the STC section.
- FIG. 51 is a diagram for describing STC_Info.
- FIG. 52 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of STC_Info.
- FIG. 53 is a diagram for explaining Programlnfo.
- FIG. 54 is a diagram showing the syntax of Programlnfo.
- FIG. 55 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of VideoCondinglnfo.
- FIG. 56 shows a table of Video_format.
- FIG. 57 is a diagram showing a table of frame_rate.
- FIG. 58 is a diagram showing a table of display_aspect-ratio.
- FIG. 59 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of AudioCondinglnfo.
- FIG. 60 is a diagram showing an audio-coding table.
- FIG. 61 is a diagram showing an audio-component-one type table.
- FIG. 62 is a diagram showing a table of sampling_frequency.
- FIG. 63 is a diagram illustrating the CPI.
- FIG. 64 is a diagram illustrating the CPI.
- Figure 65 is a diagram showing the syntax of CPI.
- FIG. 66 is a diagram showing a table of CPI_type.
- FIG. 67 is a view for explaining the video EP_map.
- FIG. 68 is a view for explaining EPjnap.
- FIG. 69 is a view for explaining the EP-one map.
- FIG. 70 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of the EP_map.
- FIG. 71 is a diagram showing a table of EP_type values.
- FIG. 72 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of the EP map_for_one stream PID.
- FIG. 73 is a view for explaining TlLmap.
- FIG. 74 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of TUjnap.
- FIG. 75 is a diagram showing the syntax of ClipMark.
- FIG. 76 is a diagram showing a table of mark_type.
- FIG. 77 is a diagram illustrating a table of mark—type_stamp.
- Fig. 78 is a diagram showing the syntax of menu.thmb and mark.thmb.
- FIG. 79 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of Thumbnails.
- FIG. 80 is a diagram showing a table of thumb_picture_format.
- FIG. 81A and FIG. 8IB are diagrams illustrating tn_block.
- FIG. 82 is a view for explaining the structure of a DVR MPEG-2 transport stream.
- FIG. 83 is a diagram illustrating a recorder model of a DVR MPEG-2 transport stream.
- FIG. 84 is a diagram showing a player model of a transport stream of DVR MPEG2.
- FIG. 85 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of the source packet.
- FIG. 86 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of TP_extra_header.
- FIG. 87 is a diagram showing a table of the copy permission indicator.
- FIG. 88 is a diagram illustrating seamless connection.
- FIG. 89 illustrates the seamless connection.
- FIG. 90 is a diagram for explaining a seamless connection.
- FIG. 91 is a diagram illustrating seamless connection.
- Fig. 92 illustrates the seamless connection.
- FIG. 93 is a diagram illustrating audio overlap.
- FIG. 94 is a diagram illustrating a seamless connection using BridgeSequence.
- C FIG. 95 is a diagram illustrating a seamless connection without using BridgeSequence.
- FIG. 96 is a diagram showing a DVR STD model.
- FIG. 97 is a diagram showing an evening chart for decoding and displaying.
- FIG. 98 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the AV encoder in FIG.
- FIG. 99 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of recording a video stream by encoding a video at a variable bit rate.
- FIG. 100 is a diagram for explaining the Video Buffering Verifier.
- FIG. 101 is a diagram for explaining VBV control.
- FIG. 102 is a diagram illustrating VBV control.
- FIG. 103 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where a variable bit rate is controlled.
- FIG. 104 is a diagram showing an example of variable bit rate control.
- FIG. 105 is a flowchart illustrating details of step S21 in FIG.
- FIG. 106 is a flowchart for explaining the details of step S205 in FIG. 106.
- FIG. 107 is a view for explaining the relationship between the elapsed time of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream.
- FIG. 108 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of recording a video stream by encoding a video at a variable bit rate.
- FIG. 109 is a flowchart illustrating details of step S ⁇ b> 400 in FIG. 108.
- FIG. 110 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding mode that guarantees that the relationship between the time lapse of the A stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is proportional.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of minimizing operation.
- FIG. 112 is a diagram showing an example of deleting unnecessary stream data before IN 1 time at the time of minimizing.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of deleting unnecessary stream data after 0UT_time at the time of minimization.
- FIG. 114 is a flowchart showing an operation example of creating an EPjiiap.
- FIG. 115 illustrates the medium.
- BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION an encoding device and method, a recording medium, and a program to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied. First, the configuration of a part that performs an operation of recording an externally input signal on a recording medium will be described.
- the recording / reproducing device 1 can input and record analog data or digital data.
- Terminal 11 receives analog video signals, and terminal 12 receives analog audio signals.
- the video signal input to terminal 11 is output to analyzer 14 and AV encoder 15 respectively.
- the audio signal input to the terminal 12 is output to the AV encoder 15.
- the analysis unit 14 extracts a feature point such as a scene change from the input video signal.
- the AV encoder 15 encodes the input video signal and audio signal, and encodes the encoded video stream (V), the encoded audio stream (A), and system information (S) such as AV synchronization into the multiplexer 1. Output to 6.
- the coded video stream is, for example, a video stream coded according to the MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group) 2 method.
- the coded audio stream is, for example, an audio stream coded according to the MPEG 1 method, It is an audio stream or the like encoded by the Dolby AC 3 system.
- the multiplexer 16 multiplexes the input video and audio streams based on the input system information, and outputs the multiplexed stream to the multiplexed stream analyzer 18 and the source packetizer 19 via the switch 17. .
- the multiplexed stream is, for example, an MPEG 2 transport stream or an MPEG 2 program stream.
- the source packetizer 19 encodes the input multiplexed stream into an AV stream composed of source packets in accordance with an application format of a recording medium 100 for recording the stream.
- the AV stream is subjected to predetermined processing in an ECC (error correction) encoding unit 20 and a modulation unit 21, and is output to a writing unit 22.
- the writing unit 22 writes (records) the AV stream file on the recording medium 100 based on the control signal output from the control unit 23.
- a transport stream such as a digital television broadcast input from a digital television interface or a digital television tuner is input to terminal 13.
- the instruction information of the recording method is input to the control section 23 from the terminal 24 as a user interface.
- the transport stream input to the terminal 13 is output to the multiplexed stream analyzer 18 and the source packetizer 19.
- the subsequent processing until the AV stream is recorded on the recording medium 100 is the same as the above-described processing in which the input audio permeation and the video signal are encoded and recorded, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the transport stream input to terminal 13 is input to demultiplexer 26.
- the demultiplexer 26 performs demultiplex processing on the input transport stream to extract a video stream (V), an audio stream (A), and system information (S).
- the video stream is output to the AV decoder 27, and the audio stream and system information are output to the multiplexer 16 respectively.
- the AV decoder 27 decodes the input video stream and outputs the reproduced video signal to the AV encoder 15.
- the AV encoder 15 encodes the input video signal and outputs an encoded video stream (V) to the multiplexer 16.
- the audio stream and system information output from the demultiplexer 26 and input to the multiplexer 16 and the video stream output from the AV encoder 15 are multiplexed and multiplexed based on the input system information.
- the multiplexed stream is output to the multiplexed stream analyzer 18 and the source packet analyzer 19 via the switch 11.
- the subsequent processing until the AV stream is recorded on the recording medium 100 is performed by encoding the input audio signal and the video signal described above. Since this is the same process as when recording, the description is omitted.
- the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 of the present example records an AV stream file on the recording medium 100, and also records application data pace information describing the file.
- the application base information is created by the control unit 23.
- the input information to the control unit 23 includes the moving image feature information from the analysis unit 14, the AV stream feature information from the multiplexed stream analysis unit 18, and the user input from the terminal 24. This is the instruction information from.
- the moving image feature information supplied from the analysis unit 14 is information relating to a characteristic image in the input moving image signal. For example, a program start point, a scene change point, and a commercial (CM) start 'Specified information (mark) such as the end point, and also includes information on the thumbnail image of the image at the specified location.
- CM commercial start 'Specified information
- the characteristic information of the AV stream from the multiplexing stream analyzer 18 is information related to the encoded information of the AV stream to be recorded. For example, address information of an I picture in the AV stream, The information includes coding parameters of the AV stream, information on the changing points of the coding parameters in the AV stream, and information (marks) related to characteristic images in the video stream. .
- the user's instruction information from the terminal 24 includes, in the AV stream, specification information of a reproduction section specified by the user, one character describing the contents of the reproduction section, and a bookmark for setting the user's favorite scene. This is information on the resume point.
- the control unit 23 controls the data pace of the AV stream (Gip).
- the application database information composed of these pieces of information is processed by the ECC encoding unit 20 and the modulation unit 21 in the same manner as the AV stream, and is input to the writing unit 22.
- the writing unit 22 records a database file on the recording medium 100 based on the control signal output from the control unit 23. c
- the details of the application database information described above will be described later.
- the control unit 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read the ablation database information from the recording medium 100.
- the reading unit 28 reads the application database information from the recording medium 100, and the application database information is processed by the demodulation unit 29 and the ECC decoding unit 30, and then is read by the control unit 23. Is input to
- the control unit 23 outputs a list of PlayLists recorded on the recording medium 100 to the user terminal of the terminal 24 based on the application data base information.
- the user selects a PlayList to be reproduced from the list of PlayLists, and information relating to the PlayList designated to be reproduced is input to the control unit 23.
- the control unit 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read an AV stream file necessary for reproducing the Play List.
- the reading unit 28 reads the corresponding AV stream from the recording medium 100 according to the instruction, and outputs it to the demodulation unit 29.
- the AV stream input to the demodulation unit 29 is demodulated by performing predetermined processing, and is further output to the source depacketizer 31 through the processing of the ECC decoding unit 30.
- the source depacketizer 31 converts an application format AV stream read from the recording medium 100 and subjected to predetermined processing into a stream that can be output to the demultiplexer 26.
- the demultiplexer 26 includes a video stream (V), an audio stream (A), and system information (such as AV synchronization) constituting a playback section (Playltem) of the AV stream specified by the control section 23.
- S is output to the AV decoder 27.
- the AV decoder 27 decodes the video stream and the audio stream, and outputs the reproduced video signal and the reproduced audio signal from the corresponding terminals 32 and 33, respectively.
- the control unit 23 when information for instructing random access playback or special playback is input from the terminal 24 as a user interface, the control unit 23 performs processing based on the contents of the AV stream data base (Cl ip). Then, it determines the reading position of the AV stream from the storage medium 100 and instructs the reading unit 28 to read the AV stream. For example, when the PlayList selected by the user is reproduced from a predetermined time, the control unit 23 reads the data from the I picture having the time stamp closest to the specified time so as to read the data from the I picture. Instruct 8 Also, when fast-forward playback is instructed by the user, the control unit 23 sets the I-picture data in the AV stream on the basis of the AV stream data base (Cl ip).
- the reading unit 28 is instructed to read data continuously and sequentially.
- the reading unit 28 reads the data of the AV stream from the designated random access point, and the read data is reproduced through the processing of each unit at the subsequent stage.
- the user edits the AV stream recorded on the recording medium 100 will be described.
- the control unit 23 creates a data base of a playback section (PlayList) of the AV stream grouped (PlayList).
- the control unit 23 changes the data rate of the PlayList so as to refer to only the necessary AV stream portion. Also, it instructs the writing section 22 to delete unnecessary stream portions of the AV stream.
- control unit 23 creates a data base of a group (PlayList) of the playback section (Playltem) of the AV stream, and furthermore, creates a partial stream of the video stream near the connection point of the playback section. Re-encoding and re-multiplexing.
- information on the picture at the in-point of the playback section and information on the picture at the out-point are input to the control unit 23 from the terminal 24.
- the control unit 23 instructs the reading unit 28 to read out the data necessary for reproducing the picture on the in-point side and the picture on the art point side.
- the reading unit 28 reads out the data from the recording medium 100, and the data is passed through the demodulation unit 29, the ECC decoding unit 30, the source depacketizer 31, and Output to chipplexer 26.
- the control unit 23 analyzes the data input to the demultiplexer 26, and re-encodes the video stream (change of picture-coding-type, allocation of the number of coded bits to be re-encoded), and re-encoding.
- the multiplexing method is determined, and the multiplexing method is supplied to the AV encoder 15 and the multiplexer 16.
- the demultiplexer 26 separates the input stream into a video stream (V), an audio stream (A), and system information (S).
- the video stream includes "data input to the AV decoder 27" and "data input to the multiplexer 16".
- the former data is necessary for re-encoding, and is decoded by the AV decoder 27, and the decoded picture is re-encoded by the AV encoder 15 to be a video stream.
- the latter data is data that is copied from the original stream without re-encoding. Audio streams and system information are input directly to the multiplexer 16.
- the multiplexer 16 multiplexes the input stream based on the information input from the control unit 23, and outputs a multiplexed stream.
- the multiplexed stream is processed by the ECC encoder 20 and the modulator 21 and input to the writer 22.
- the writing unit 22 records the AV stream on the recording medium 100 based on the control signal supplied from the control unit 23.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the application format.
- the application format has two layers, PlayList and Clip, for AV stream management.
- Volume Information manages all Clips and PlayLists on the disc.
- a pair of one AV stream and its attached information is considered as one object, and it is called Clip.
- the AV stream file is called Cl ip AV stream file, and its additional information is called Cl ip Info rmation: i le.
- One Clip AV stream file stores the MPEG-2 transport stream arranged in a structure specified by the application format. Generally, the file is treated as a byte sequence, but the contents of the Cl ip AV stream file are expanded on the time axis, and the entry points in the Cl ip are mainly specified on a time basis. Is done. When a given stamp of the access point to the Cl ip is given, the Cl ip Information file is used to find the address information to start the data read in the Cl ip AV stream file. Useful.
- the PlayList will be described with reference to FIG.
- the PlayList is provided so that the user can select a playback section from the Clip and easily edit it.
- One PlayList is a group of playback sections in the Clip.
- One playback section in a given Clip is called a Playltem, which is represented by a pair of an in point (IN) and an out point (OUT) on the time axis. Therefore, the PlayList is configured by collecting a plurality of Playltems.
- PlayList has two types. One is Real PlayList and the other is Virtual PlayList. Real PlayList shares the stream portion of the Clip it references. That is, the Real PlayList occupies the data capacity corresponding to the stream portion of the C Lip referenced by the disk in the disk, and when the Real PlayList is erased, The stream portion is also deleted.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram related to the creation of a Real PlayList. When an AV stream is recorded as a new Clip, a Real PlayList that refers to the entire Clip is newly created. is there.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram relating to the division of the Real PlayList, and is an operation in which the Rea 1 PlayList is divided at desired points and divided into two Real PlayLists. This division operation is performed, for example, when two programs are managed in one clip managed by one PlayList, and the user re-registers (records) each program as one program. This is done when you want to. This operation does not change the contents of Cl ip (the Cl ip itself is divided).
- FIG. 4C is a diagram relating to a combine of Real PlayLists, and is an operation of combining two Real PlayLists into one new Real PlayList. This operation of combining is performed, for example, when the user wants to reregister two programs as one program. This operation does not change Cl ip (Cl ip itself becomes one).
- FIG. 5A is a diagram relating to the deletion of the entire Real PlayList.
- the corresponding stream of the Clip referenced by the deleted Real PlayList is referred to.
- the part is also deleted.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram relating to the partial deletion of the Real PlayList.
- the corresponding Playltem is changed so as to refer to only the necessary Clip stream portion. .
- the corresponding stream portion of Clip is deleted.
- FIG. 5C is a diagram related to minimization of the Real PlayList, in which the Playltem corresponding to the Real PlayList is referred to only the stream portion of the Clip required for the Virtual PlayList. .
- the corresponding stream portion of the Clip that is unnecessary for the Virtual PlayList is deleted.
- the user is informed that the operation “delete” includes a request that “a Virtual PlayList that refers to the stream portion of the Clip referenced by the Real PlayList exists.
- the Real PlayList is deleted, the Virtual Play List will also be deleted. Is this OK? ”, Prompting confirmation (warning), and then prompting the user to confirm. Execute or cancel the deletion process.
- the minimizing operation is performed on the Real PlayList.
- FIG. 6 shows This is a diagram related to assemble editing (IN-OUT editing). This operation is performed when a user creates a Playltem for a desired playback section and creates a Virtual PlayList. Seamless connection between Playlteni is supported by the application format (described later).
- FIG. 6A when there are two Real PlayLists 1 and 2 and Clips 1 and 2 corresponding to the respective RealPlayLists, the user can enter a predetermined section (In 1 Section from Play 1 to Out 1: Playltem 1) is designated as a playback section, and as a section to be continuously played, a predetermined section in the Real PlayList2 (section from In2 to 0ut2: Playltem2) is designated as a playback section.
- a predetermined section in the Real PlayList2 section from In2 to 0ut2: Playltem2
- FIG. 6B one Virtual PlayList composed of Playltem 1 and Playltem 2 is created.
- Re-editing includes changing the In and Out points in the Virtual PlayList, inserting and adding a new Playltem to the Virtual PlayList, and removing the Playltem in the Virtual PlayList. Also, the Virtual PlayList itself can be deleted.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram related to audio dubbing (audio dubbing) to a Virtual PlayList, and refers to an operation of registering an audio dubbing to a Virtual PlayList as a sub path. This audio dubbing is done by application format. An additional audio stream is added as a sub path to the AV stream on the main path of the Virtual PlayList.
- This operation is a change in the playback order of the PlayList in the disc (volume), and is supported by the Table Of PlayList (described later with reference to FIG. 20, etc.) defined in the application format. This operation does not change the contents of the Clip.
- Marks are provided to specify highlights and characteristic times in Clips and PlayLists.
- the mark added to the Clip designates a characteristic scene caused by the content of the AV stream, for example, a scene change point.
- the PlayList references You can use it by referring to the Cl mark.
- the mark added to the PlayList is mainly set by the user, for example, a bookmark mark point.
- Setting a mark in Clip or PlayList is performed by adding a time stamp indicating the time of the mark to the mark list. Deleting a mark means removing the time stamp of the mark from the mark list. Therefore, the AV stream is not changed by setting or deleting the mark.
- the thumbnail is a still image added to Volume, PlayList, and Clip.
- a representative image of Volume is a disc (the recording medium 100, hereinafter, the recording medium 100 is assumed to be disc-shaped, and is appropriately described as a disc) set at a predetermined location of the recording / reproducing apparatus 1. It is supposed to be used when displaying a still image representing the contents of the disc first. It is assumed that the representative image of Playlist is used as a still image for representing the contents of Playlist on a menu screen for selecting Playlist.
- the first picture of Playlist As a representative picture of Playlist, it is conceivable to use the first picture of Playlist as a thumbnail (representative picture), but the first picture at playback time 0 is not necessarily the most suitable picture for representing the content. Therefore, the user can set an arbitrary image as the thumbnail of Playlist.
- the above two types of thumbnails are called menu thumbnails. Since menu thumbnails are displayed frequently, they need to be read from the disk at high speed. For this reason, it is efficient to store all menu thumbnails in one file.
- the menu thumbnail does not necessarily need to be a picture extracted from a video in the volume, but may be an image captured from a personal computer or a digital still camera as shown in FIG.
- Clip and Playlist must be marked with multiple marks, It is necessary to be able to easily see the image of the mark point in order to know the contents of the mark.
- a picture representing such a mark point is called a mark thumbnail (Mark Thumbnails). Therefore, the image that is the source of the thumbnail is mainly an image extracted from the mark point, rather than an image imported from outside.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mark attached to the PlayList and the mark thumbnail
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mark attached to the Clip and the maximum thumbnail.
- mark thumbnails are used in submenus and the like to indicate details of Playlist, so mark thumbnails are not required to be read in a short access time. Therefore, it does not matter if the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 opens the file each time a thumbnail is needed and reads a part of the file, which takes some time. .
- Playlist can have one menu thumbnail and multiple mark thumbnails, but there is no need to provide a menu thumbnail since CI ip does not need to be directly selected by the user (usually specified via Playlist).
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a relationship between a menu thumbnail, a mark thumbnail, a PlayList, and a Clip in consideration of the above.
- the menu thumbnail file menu thumbnails provided for each PlayList are stored.
- the menu thumbnail file contains a volume thumbnail representing the contents of the data recorded on the disc.
- the mark thumbnail file contains thumbnails created for each PlayList and each Clip.
- CPI Charge Point Information
- the CPI is the data contained in the Clip information file. It is mainly the data to start reading data in the Clip AV stream file when the time stamp of the access point to the Clip is given. Used to find overnight addresses.
- two types of CPI are used. One is EP map and the other is TUjnap.
- EP_map is a list of entry point (EP) data, which is Evening Extracted from the list stream and transport stream. It has address information to find the location of the event point in the AV stream where decoding should start.
- One EP data is composed of a presentation time stamp (PTS) and a data address pair in the AV stream of the access unit corresponding to the PTS.
- PTS presentation time stamp
- EPjnap is mainly used for two purposes. First, it is used to find the overnight address in the AV stream of the access unit referenced by the presentation time stamp in the PlayList. Second, it is used for fast-forward playback and fast reverse playback.
- an EP_map is created and recorded on a disc when the syntax of the stream can be analyzed.
- TILmap has a list of evening data (TU) data based on the arrival time of the transport packets input through the digital interface. This gives a relation between the time based on arrival time and the overnight address in the AV stream.
- TU_map is created and recorded on a disc.
- SESF self-encoded stream format
- SESF defines the elementary stream coding restrictions for the MPEG-2 transport and AV streams.
- an EP_map is created and recorded on a disc.
- the stream of digital broadcasting is recorded on the recording medium 100 using any of the following methods.
- the stream of digital broadcasting is transcoded into the SESF stream.
- the recorded stream must comply with SESF.
- an EP_map is created and recorded on the disc. Must be recorded.
- the elementary stream constituting the digital broadcast stream is transcoded into a new elementary stream, and the stream is converted to a stream format determined by the standardization organization of the digital broadcast stream. Remultiplex to a new compliant transport stream. In this case, an EPjiiap must be created and recorded on the disc.
- the input stream is a MPEG-2 transport stream conforming to ISDB (standard name for digital BS broadcasting in Japan), which includes an HD TV video stream and an MPEG AAC audio stream. And Transcode the HDTV video stream to the SD TV video stream and remultiplex the SDTV video stream and the original AAC audio stream into the TS.
- the transport stream recorded as the SDTV stream must conform to the ISDB format.
- the input transport stream is recorded transparently (recording the input transport stream without any change). At that time, an EP_map is created and recorded on the disc.
- the input transport stream is recorded transparently (recording the input transport stream without any changes), at which time a TU_map is created and recorded on the disc.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a directory structure on a disk.
- the required directories on the DVR's disk are the root directory, including the “DVR” directory, the “PLAYLIST” directory, the “CLIPINF” directory, and the “M2TS” directory, as shown in Figure 14.
- This is the "DVR” directory, including the "directory” and the "DATA” directory.
- Other directories may be created under the root directory, but they will be ignored in the application format of this example.
- the "DVR" directory stores the following files.
- the "info. dvr” file is
- the "mark. thmb" file stores information related to the mark thumbnail image. Under the DVR directory there must be zero or one mark thumbnail. It is assumed that the file name is fixed at mark. ThmM. If there is no menu thumbnail image, this file need not exist.
- the "PLAYLIST” directory stores two types of PlayList files, Real PlayList and Virtual PlayList.
- the "xxxxx. rpls” file stores information related to one Real PlayList. One file is created for each Real Play List.
- the file name is "xxxxx. Rpls”.
- "xxxxx” is five numbers from 0 to 9.
- the file extension must be "rpls”.
- the "yyyyy.vpls" file stores information related to one Virtual PlayList. One file is created for each Virtual PlayList. file name Is "yyyyy.vpls". Here, “yyyyy” is five numbers from 0 to 9. Assume that the file extension must be "vpl s”.
- the "CLIPINF” directory stores one file, corresponding to each AV stream file.
- the “zzzzz. clpi” file is a Clip Information file corresponding to one AV stream file (Cl ip AV stream file or Bridge-Cl ip AV stream file).
- the file name is "zzzzz.clpi", and "zzzzz ,,” are five numbers from 0 to 9.
- the file extension shall be "clpi”.
- the "M2TS” directory stores AV stream files.
- the “zzzzz.m2ts” file is an AV stream file handled by the DVR system. This is a Cl ip AV stream file or a Bridge-Cl ip AV stream.
- the file name is "zzzzz.ni2ts", and "zzzzz” is five numbers from 0 to 9. Assume that the file extension must be "m2ts”.
- the "DATA" directory stores data transmitted from data broadcasting.
- the data directory is, for example, an XML file or MHEG file.
- Fig. 15 shows the syntax of the "info. Dvr” file.
- the “info.dvr” file is composed of three objects, DVRVolumeO, TableOfPlayLists (), and MakerPrivateData ().
- TableOfPlayLists_Start one address indicates the start address of TableOfPlayListO in units of the number of bytes relative to the first byte of the info.dvr file. Relative bytes are counted from 0.
- MakerPrivateData_Start_address ⁇ i N info top
- the relative bytes are counted from 0.
- padding_word is inserted according to the syntax of info.
- d vr. 1 and 2 are ⁇ or any positive integer. Each padding word may take any value.
- DVRVolumeO stores information describing the contents of a volume (disk).
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of DVRVolume (). To explain the syntax of the DVR Volume () shown in FIG. 16, version_number indicates one character of four characters indicating the version number of the DVR Volume (). The version number is encoded as "0045" according to ISO6464.
- the length is represented by a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of bytes of the DVRVolume () from immediately after the length field to the end of the DVRVolume ().
- Resume Volume stores the file name of the Real PlayList or Virtual PlayList that was played last in the volume. However, the playback position when the user interrupts the playback of Real PlayList or Virtual PIayList is stored in resume-mark defined in PlayListMark ().
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of ResumeVolume ().
- val id_flag indicates that the r * esume_PlayList_name field is valid when this 1-bit flag is set to 1, and this flag Is set to 0, 3 6? 1 & 1 ⁇ 31 _11 ⁇ 21116 Indicates that the field is invalid.
- the 10-byte field of resume_PlayList_naiiie indicates the file name of Real PlayList or Virtual PlayList to be resumed.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the syntax of UIAppInfoVolume.
- an 8-bit field of character_set is a method of encoding one character encoded in the Volume-name field. Is shown. The encoding method corresponds to the values shown in FIG.
- the 8-bit field of name_length indicates the byte length of the volume name indicated in the Volume_name field.
- the Volume-name field indicates the name of the volume.
- the number of name_length bytes from the left in this field is a valid character, indicating the name of the volume.
- the value after each valid character in the Volume_name field can be any value.
- the Voluiae_protect flag is a flag indicating whether the contents in the volume can be shown to the user without restriction. If this flag is set, the user is allowed to show (play) the contents of the volume only if the user has successfully entered the PIN (password). If this flag is set to 0, the user is allowed to show the contents of the volume without having to enter the PIN number.
- the recording / reproducing device 1 displays a list of PlayLists in the disc.
- the playback restriction of each PlayList is independent of the volume_protect_flag, which is indicated by the playback-control-flag defined in UIAppInfoPlayList ().
- the ref_thumbnail_index field indicates the information of the thumbnail image added to the volume. If the ref-thumbnail and index fields are not OxFFFF, a thumbnail image is added to the volume, and the thumbnail image is stored in the menu.thum file. The image is referenced in the menu.thum file using the value of ref-thumbnail_index. If the ref—thumtmail—index field is OxFFFF, it indicates that no thumbnail image is attached to the volume.
- TableOfPlayLists () in the syntax of info. Dvr shown in Fig. 15 is explained.
- TableOfPlayLists () stores the file names of PlayList (Real PlayList and Virtual PlayList). All PlayList files recorded in the Polyume are included in TableOfPlayList ().
- TableOfPlayLists () indicates the default playback order of the PlayList in the volume.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of TableOfPlayLists ().
- the version—number of TableOfPlayLists indicates four characters each indicating the version number of the TableOfPlayLists.
- length is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of bytes of TableOfPlayListsO from immediately after this length field to the end of TableOfPlayListsO.
- the 16-bit field of the number_of_PlayLists indicates the number of for-1 oop loops including the PlayList_file_name. This number must be equal to the number of PlayLists recorded in the volume.
- the 10-byte number of PlayList_file-name indicates the file name of PlayList.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating another example of the syntax of TableOfPlayListsO.
- the syntax shown in FIG. 21 has a configuration in which UIAppinfoPlayList (described later) is included in the syntax shown in FIG. In this way, by including the UIAppinfoPlayList, it is possible to create a menu screen simply by reading TableOfPlayLists.
- UIAppinfoPlayList described later
- MakersPrivateData that describes MakersPrivateData in the syntax of info.dvr shown in Fig. 15 It is provided so that private data can be inserted. Each manufacturer's private date is standardized to identify the force that defined it].
- MakersPrivateData () may include one or more maker_IDs.
- MakersPrivateData If a given manufacturer wants to insert private data, and if the private data of another manufacturer is already included in MakersPrivateData (), the other manufacturer may erase the old private data that already exists. Instead, add a new private date to MakersPrivateData (). Thus, in this example, private data from a plurality of manufacturers can be included in one MakersPrivateData ().
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of MakersPrivateData.
- version—band ber indicates one character of four characters indicating the version number of MakersPrivateData ().
- version_number must be encoded as "0045" according to ISO 646.
- length is from immediately after this length field to the end of MakersPrivateData ()
- One mp locks-Start address indicates the first byte address of the first mpd_block () in units of the number of bytes relative to the first note of MakersPrivateData ().
- the relative number of bytes is counted from 0.o mimber_o: _maker one entry is the 16-bit code that gives the number of entries for each manufacturer's private data contained in MakersPrivateData (). None is an integer. In MakersPrivateData (), there must not be two or more maker private data with the same maker_ID value.
- number_of_mpd_blocks is a 16-bit unsigned integer giving the number of mpd-blocks contained in MakersPrivateData ().
- nakerjD is a 16-bit unsigned integer indicating the manufacturer of the DVR system that created the manufacturer private data. maker—The value encoded in the ID is specified by the licensor in this DVR format.
- the maker_mode code is a 16-bit unsigned integer indicating the model number code of the DVR system that created the maker private data.
- the value encoded in the makerjiiode and code is set by the manufacturer that has licensed this format.
- start_mpd_block_number is a 16-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of the mpd-block at which the manufacturer's private data starts. The first data of the manufacturer's private data must be aligned to the top of the nipd_block 1 / ⁇ .
- nipd_length is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the size of the manufacturer private data in byte units.
- mpdjlock is an area where the manufacturer private data is stored. All mpd_blocks in MakersPrivateData () must be the same size.
- FIG. 23 shows xxxxx.r ls (Real PlayLi It is a figure which shows the syntax of st) or yyyyy.vpls (Virtual PlayList).
- xx xxx, rpls and yyyyy, vpls is 0 xxxx with the same thin evening box construction.
- PlayListMark_Start_address indicates the start address of PlayListMarkO in units of the number of bytes relative to the first byte of the PlayList file. Relative bytes are counted from zero.
- MakerPrivateData Start One address indicates the start address of MakerPrivateData () in units of relative bytes from the first note power in the PlayList file. The relative bytes are counted from 0.
- padding_ ord (padding word) is inserted according to the syntax of the PlayList file, and 1 and 2 are 0 or any positive integer. Each padding word may take any value.
- PlayList has been described briefly, but the PlayList will be further described. All Real PlayLists on the disc must refer to playback sections in all clips except Bridge-Clip (described later). Also, two or more Real PI ay Lists must not cause the playback section indicated by their Playltems to overlap within the same Clip.
- every Clip has a corresponding Real PlayList. This rule is maintained even after editing has been performed, as shown in Figure 24B. Therefore, all clips can always be viewed by referring to any Real PlayList.
- the playback section of the Virtual PlayList must be included in the playback section of the Real PlayList or the playback section of the Bridge-Clip.
- a Bridge-Clip that is not referenced in any Vir tual PlayList must not be present on the disc.
- Real PlayList contains a list of Playltems, but must not contain SubPlayltems.
- Virtual PlayList includes a list of Playltems, CPI_type shown in PlayList () is EP_map type, and PlayList type is 0 (including video and audio).
- Virtual PlayList can include one SubPlayltem. In the PlayList () in this example, SubPlaylte is used only for the purpose of audio dubbing, and the number of SubPlayltems in one Virtual PlayList must be 0 or 1.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of the PlayList.
- version_number is one character of four characters indicating the version number of this PlayList ().
- the versation_number must be encoded as "0045" according to ISO 646.
- t length is a 32-bit data indicating the number of bytes of HayList () from immediately after this length field to the end of PlayList (). It is an unsigned integer.
- PlayList_type is an 8-bit field indicating the type of this PlayList, and an example is shown in FIG.
- CPI_type is a 1-bit flag, and indicates the value of the CP type of the Clip referenced by Playltem () and SubPlayItem (). All Clips referenced by one PlayList must have the same CP and type values defined in their CPI (). number—of_PlayItems is a 16-bit field indicating the number of Playltems in the PlayList.
- Playltem_id corresponding to a predetermined Playltem is defined by the order in which the Playltem () appears in a for-loop including the Playltem ().
- Playltemjd starts from 0.
- the number—of_SubPlay Items is a 16-bit field indicating the number of SubPlayltems in the PlayList. This value is 0 or 1.
- the additional audio stream path is a type of sub-path.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of UIAppInfoPlayList.
- character_set is an 8-bit field, and indicates the encoding method for one character encoded in the PlayList-name field. The encoding method corresponds to the values based on the table shown in FIG.
- name_length is an 8-bit field
- the PlayList—name field Indicates the byte length of the indicated PlayList name.
- the field of PlayList__name indicates the name of PlayList.
- the number of bytes of the namejength number from the left in this field is a valid character, which indicates the name of the PlayList.
- the value after those valid characters may be any value.
- record_time_and_date is a 56-bit field that stores the date and time when the PlayList was recorded.
- This field is a four-bit Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) encoding of 14 numbers for year / month / day / hour / minute / second. For example, 2001/12/23: 01:02:03 is encoded as "0x20011223010203".
- BCD Binary Coded Decimal
- the duration is a 24-bit field indicating the total playback time of the PlayList in units of hours / minutes / seconds.
- This field is a 6-bit binary coded decimal (BCD) code. For example, 01:45:30 is encoded as "0x014530".
- “valid_period” is a 32 bit field indicating a period during which the PlayList is valid. This field is a set of 8 numbers encoded in a 4-bit Binary Coded Decimal (BCD).
- BCD Binary Coded Decimal
- the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 is used to automatically delete a PlayList whose validity period has passed. For example, 2001/01/07 is encoded as "0x20010507".
- maker_id is a 16-bit unsigned integer indicating the maker of the DVR player (recording / reproducing apparatus 1) that last updated the PlayList.
- the value encoded in makerjd is assigned by the licensor in DVR format.
- maker_code is a 16-bit unsigned integer indicating the model number of the DVR player that last updated the PlayList.
- the value encoded in the maker_code is determined by the manufacturer licensed in the DVR format.
- the PlayList is played only when the user can correctly input the PIN number. If this flag is set to 0, the user can view the PlayList even if the user does not enter the PIN number.
- the write_protect_flag is set to 1 as shown in the table of FIG. 28A, the contents of the PlayList are not deleted or changed except for the write_protect_flag. If this flag is set to 0, the user is free to delete and modify the PlayList.
- the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 displays a message for reconfirming the user before the user deletes, edits, or overwrites the PlayList.
- a Real PlayList with write_protect flag set to 0 exists, a Virtual PlayList that references the Clip of the Real PlayList exists, and write_protect_flag of the Virtual PlayList is set to 1 Is also good.
- the recording / reproducing apparatus 1 warns the user of the existence of the Virtual PlayList before deleting the RealPlayList, or sets the RealPlayList to "Minimize ' 'Yes.
- play6d_flag is set to 0 if the flag is set to 1 as shown in Figure 28B, indicating that the PlayList has been played once since it was recorded In that case, the PlayList indicates that it has never been played since it was recorded.
- the ref_thunibnai and inde X fields indicate information of thumbnail images representing the PlayList.
- ref_thum bnai l If the index field is not OxFFFF, a thumbnail image representing PlayList is added to the PlayList, and the thumbnail image is stored in the menu.thum file. The image is referenced using the re: Lthumbnai index value in the menu.thuiii file. If the ref—thumbnail—index field is OxFFFF, the PlayList does not include a thumbnail image representing the PlayList.
- Playltem basically contains the following data.
- Cl ip_information_file_name for specifying the file name of Cl ip
- a pair of IN_time and 0UT_time for specifying the playback section of Cl ip
- CP time type defined in PlayList () if the EP type is EP map type
- 0UT_time refer to STC_sequence_id and connect_condition 0 indicating the connection status between the preceding Playltem and the current Playltem 0
- Playlteia When a PlayList consists of two or more Playltems, their Playlteia are arranged in a single row on the global timeline of the PlayList without time gaps or overlaps.
- CPI_type defined in PlayList () is EP-map type and the current Playltem does not have BridgeSequence ()
- the pair of IN_time and 0UT_time defined in that Playltem is specified by STC_sequence-id It must point to a time on the same STC contiguous interval that is being performed.
- Figure 29 shows such an example.
- FIG. 30 shows a case where the following rules are applied when the CP type defined in PlayList () is EPjnap type and the current Playltem has BridgeSequence ().
- the IN_time of the Playltem that precedes the current Playltem refers to the time on the STC continuous section specified by the STC_sequence-id of the preceding Playltem.
- Leading? 1711: 6111 0111 1 _ ⁇ ] 116 (shown as 0UT_timel in the figure) refers to the time in the Bridge-Clip specified in BridgeSequencelnfo () of the current Playltem. I have. This OUT-time must conform to the encoding restrictions described below.
- the IN-time of the current PlayItem indicates the time in the Bridge-Clip specified in BridgeSequenceInfo () of the current Playltem. This IN_time must also conform to the encoding restrictions described later.
- the OUT—time of the P1ayItem of P1ayIten in Langlang is on the STC continuous section specified by the STC—sequence_id of the current Playltem. Time.
- the pair of Play_tem IN_time and OUT-time points to the time on the same Clip AV stream.
- Playltem syntax is shown in Figure 32.
- the field of Clip_Information_file_name indicates the file name of Clip Information file.
- Cliplnfo of this Clip Information file Cl ip_stream_type defined in () must indicate Cl ip AV stream.
- STC_sequence_id is an 8-bit field, and indicates STC-sequence-id of the STC continuous section referenced by the Playltem. If the CPI.type specified in PlayList () is TU_map type, this 8-bit field has no meaning and is set to 0. IN_time is a 32-bit field and stores the playback start time of Playltem. As shown in Fig. 33, the semantics of IN_tinie differ depending on the type of CPI defined in PlayList ().
- OUT-time is a 32-bit field that stores the playback end time of Playltem.
- the semantics of 0UT_time differs depending on the CPI_type defined in PlayList (), as shown in Figure 34.
- Connection—Condition is a 2-bit field indicating the connection state between the preceding Playltem and the current Playltem as shown in FIG. 35.
- FIGS. 36A to 36D are diagrams illustrating each state of the Connection_Condition shown in FIG. 35.
- BridgeSequenceInfo is attached information of the current Playltem, and has the following information.
- this is the address of the source packet on the ClIP AV stream referenced by the preceding Playltem, and the first source packet of the Bridge-Clip AV stream file is connected following this source packet.
- This address is called RSPN—exit_froia_previous—C1 ip.
- it is the address of the source packet on the ClIP AV stream referred to by the current Playltem, and the last source packet of the Bridge Clip AV stream file is connected before this source packet. This address is called RSPN-enter-current_Clip.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of BridgeSequenceinfo.
- the field of Bridge_C1ip_Inf ormat ion on_fi1e-name is a file of Cl ip Information file corresponding to Bridge-Cl ip AV stream file. Indicates the name.
- Cl ip_stream_type defined in ClipInfo () of this Cl ip Information file must indicate 'Bridge-Cl ip AV stream.
- RSPN_exit_froni_previous_Cl ip The 32 bit field of RSPN_exit_froni_previous_Cl ip is the relative address of the source packet on the Cl ip AV stream referenced by the preceding Playltem, and the first source packet of the Bridge-Cl ip AV stream file follows this source packet. Connected.
- RSPN_exit_from_previous_Clip is a size in units of the source packet number, and the initial value of offset_SPN defined in Cl ipInfo () from the first source packet of the Cl ip AV stream file referenced by the preceding Playltem is used. Be counted.
- RSPILenter_to_current The 32-bit field of the Cl ip is the relative address of the source packet on the Cl ip AV stream referenced by the current Playltem, and the last source packet of the Bridge-Cl ip AV stream file is preceded by this source packet.
- RSPN_exit—from_previous_Clip is a size in units of source packet number, and is the offset—SPN value defined in ClipInfo () from the first source packet of the Cl ip AV stream file referenced by the current Playltem. Is counted as the initial value.
- SubPlayltem will be described with reference to FIG. Use of SulayItem () is allowed only when the PlayList () CP type is EP_map type. In this example, it is assumed that SubPlayltem is used only for audio dubbing purposes.
- SubPlayItem () includes the following data. First, it includes a Cl ip_inforniation_file_name for designating a Cl ip referenced by a sub path in the PlayList.
- SubPath-IN_time and SubPath_OUT_time for specifying the playback section of the sub path in the Clip. Furthermore, it includes sync_PlayItem_id and sync_start_PTS_of_PlayItem for specifying the time at which the sub path starts playing on the time axis of the main path.
- the audio Cl ip AV stream referred to by the sub path is Time discontinuity).
- the audio sample clock of the Clip used for the sub path is locked to the audio sample clock of the main path.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of SubPlayltem.
- the field of Cl ip_Infoi> mation-file_name indicates the file name of the Cl ip Information file, which is used by the sub path in the PlayList.
- the Cl ip_stream_type defined in the Cl ipInfo () of the Cl ip Information file must indicate the Cl ip AV stream.
- SubPath The 8-bit field of type indicates the type of sub path. Here, as shown in Fig. 41, only '0x00' is set, and other values are reserved for the future.
- the 8-bit field of sync—Playltem—id indicates the Playltem-id of the Playltem that includes the time at which the subpattern starts playing on the time axis of the ain path.
- the value of Playltem_id corresponding to a predetermined Playltem is defined in PlayList () (see FIG. 25).
- sync_s start_PTS_of _P 1 ay Item ⁇ 32 2 bit field indicates the time at which the sub path starts playing on the time axis of the main path, and the PTS (Presentaiotn Time Stamp) on Playlt em referenced by sync_PlayItem_id Indicates the upper 32 bits of.
- SubPath The 32 bit field of IN_time stores the playback start time of the Sub path.
- SubPath_IN_time indicates the upper 32 bits of a 33-bit long PTS corresponding to the first presentation unit in the Sub Path.
- the 32-bit field of SubPath_0UT_tine stores the playback end time of the Sub path.
- SubPath-OUT-time indicates the upper 32 bits of the value of Presenation_end_TS calculated by the following equation.
- PTS_out is a 33-bit long PTS corresponding to the last presentation unit of SubPath.
- AU—duration is the display duration in 90 kHz units of the last presentation unit of SubPath.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of PlayListMark.
- version-number is one of four characters indicating the version number of this PI ayListMark ().
- the conversation_number has to be encoded as "0045" according to ISO 646.
- length indicates the number of bits of PlayListMark () from immediately after the length field to the end of PlayListMark (), and is a 32-bit unsigned integer.
- number—of_PlayList_marks is a 16-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of marks stored in PlayListMark.
- nuniber_of_PlayList_] iiarks may be zero.
- mark_type is an 8-bit field indicating the type of mark, and is encoded according to the table shown in FIG.
- the 32-bit field of mark_time_stanip stores an evening stamp indicating the point designated by the mark.
- the semantics of mark-time-stamp differs depending on the CPI-type defined in PlayList ().
- Playltem — id is an 8-bit field that specifies the Playltem where the mark is located.
- the value of Playltem_id corresponding to a predetermined Playltem is defined in PlayList () (see FIG. 25).
- the 8-bit field of the character_set indicates the encoding method of one character encoded in the mark_name field.
- the encoding method corresponds to the values shown in FIG.
- An 8-bit field of name_length indicates the byte length of the mark name indicated in the Mark_name field.
- the ref_thumbnail_index field indicates information on the thumbnail image added to the mark. If ref_tlmmbnai and the index field are not OxFFFF, a thumbnail image is added to the mark, and the thumbnail image is stored in the mark.
- thmb file The image is referred to in the mark. Thmb file using the value of ref_tlmmb_nail_index (described later). If r * ef_thumbnai and the index field is OxFFFF, it indicates that no thumbnail image is added to the mark. 82605 ⁇ one
- zzzzz.clpi (Clip information file) is composed of six objects as shown in FIG. These are ClipInfo (), STC_Info () ProgramInfo (), CPI (), ClipMark (>, and MakerPrivateDataO.
- the AV stream (Clip AV stream or Bridge-Clip AV stream) and the corresponding Clip Information file are The same digit string "z zzzz" is used.
- Cliplnfo—Start_address is based on the number of bytes relative to the first byte of the zzzzz.clpi file, and is used for ClipInio (). Indicates the start address. Relative bytes are counted from zero.
- STC_Info_Start-address indicates the start address of STC-Info () in units of the number of bytes from the first byte of the zzzzz.clpi file. The relative number of bytes is counted from ⁇ .
- ProgramInfo_Start_address indicates the start address of ProgramInfo () in units of the number of bytes relative to the first bit of the zzzzz.clpi file. The number of bytes is counted from 0.
- the CP_Start_address is counted from 0, with the relative byte count indicating the start address of CPI () in units of the relative byte count from the first byte of the zzzzz.clpi file.
- ClipMark—Start_address indicates the start address of ClipMark () in units of the number of bytes relative to the first byte of the zzzzz.clpi file. The relative byte count is 0 or 'counted.
- the padding is counted from 0.
- padding_woi «d is inserted according to the syntax of the zzzzz.clpi file.Nl, N2N3, N4s and N5 are 0 or any positive It must be an integer.
- the padding pad of ⁇ ? May take any value.
- FIG. 46 shows the syntax of Cliplnfo.
- ClipInfo stores the attribute information of the corresponding AV stream file (Clip AV stream or Bridge-Clip AV stream file).
- version_number is four characters indicating the version number of this ClipInfo ().
- the version_number must be encoded as "0045" according to ISO 646 ⁇ length indicates the number of bytes of Cl ipInfo () from immediately after this length field to the end of Cl ipInfo () It is a 32-bit unsigned integer.
- the 8-bit field of the Clip_stream_type indicates the type of the AV stream corresponding to the Clip Information file. The stream type of each type of AV stream will be described later.
- offset_SPN The 32 bit field of the SPN gives the offset value of the source packet number for the first source packet of the AV stream (Clip AV stream or Bridge-ClIP AV stream) file. This offset_SPN must be 0 when the AV stream file is first recorded on the disc.
- offset_SPN when the first part of the AV stream file is deleted by editing, offset_SPN may take a value other than 0.
- the relative source packet number (relative address) referring to offset_SPN is often described in the syntax in the form of RSPN_x XX (XXX is deformed, eg, RSPN_EP_start).
- the relative source packet number is a size in units of the source packet number, and is counted from the first source packet of the AV stream file with the value of offset_SPN as an initial value.
- the number of source packets (SPN_xxx) from the first source packet of the AV stream file to the source packet referenced by the relative source packet number is calculated by the following equation.
- FIG. 48 shows an example in which offset_SPN is 4.
- TS—recording_rate is a 24-bit unsigned integer. This value is used to input an AV stream to a DVR drive (writing unit 22) or a DVR drive (reading unit 28). Gives the output bit rate.
- record_tinie_and_date is a 56-bit field that stores the date and time when the AV stream corresponding to Clip was recorded, with 14 numbers for year / month / day / hour / minute / second.
- the 4-bit Bina It is encoded with ry Coded Decimal (B CD). For example, 2001/12/23: 01: 02:03 is encoded as 0x20011223010203 ".
- duration is a 24-bit field indicating the total playback time of the Clip in units of time Z minutes / second based on the arrival time clock. This field is obtained by encoding six numbers using a 4-bit Binary Coded Decimal (BCD). For example, 01:45:30 is encoded as 0x014530 ".
- BCD Binary Coded Decimal
- time-controllecLflag indicates the recording mode of the AV stream file. If this time_controlled_: flag is 1, this indicates that the recording mode is a mode in which the file size is proportional to the elapsed time since recording, and the condition shown in the following formula must be satisfied. Must.
- TS_average-rate represents the average bit rate of the transport stream of the AV stream file in units of bytes / second.
- t indicates a time expressed in seconds
- start_time is a time when the first source packet of the A stream file is recorded, and is expressed in seconds
- size-clip (t) represents the size of the AV stream file at time t in bytes.For example, if 10 source packets are recorded from start_time to time t, size-clip (t) t) is 10 * 192 bytes.
- Hi is a constant that depends on TS_average_rate.
- time_controlled_flag is set to 0, it indicates that the recording mode is not controlling the time lapse of recording and the file size of the AV stream to be proportional. For example, this is the case when the input transport stream is recorded transparently.
- TS_average_rate indicates the value of TS_average_rate used in the above equation when the time_controlled_flag is set to 1. If time_controlled_flag is set to 0, this field has no meaning and must be set to 0.
- a transport stream with a variable bit rate is encoded according to the following procedure. First transport Set the rate to the value of TS—recording_rate. Next, the video stream is encoded at a variable bit rate. Then, transport packets are intermittently encoded by not using null packets.
- RSPN_arrival_time is the relative address of the location where discontinuity of the arrival time base occurs in the Bridge-Clip AV stream file.
- RSPN_arrival_time is a unit of source packet number, and is counted from the first source packet of the Bridge-Cl ip AV stream file using the value of off set_SPN defined in Cl ipInfo () as the initial value c
- the absolute address in the Bridge-Cl ip AV stream file is
- reserved_for_system_use ⁇ 144-bit field is reserved for system.
- the 32 bit field of the foriiat_identifier has the format-identifier value of the registration deascriotor (defined by ISO / IEC138818-1) in the transport stream.
- the 16-bit field of the origin and network ID indicates the value of the original-network-ID defined in the transport stream.
- the 16-bit field of transport_stream_ID indicates the value of transport_stream-ID defined in the transport stream.
- the 16-bit field of servece_ID indicates the value of servecejm defined in the transport stream.
- the 24-bit field of country_code indicates a country code defined by IS031666. Each character One character is encoded by IS 088559-1. For example, Japan is represented as "JPN” and encoded as "0x4A 0x50 0x4E”.
- stream_: ormat—name is the ISO—name of the format authority that defines the stream in the transport stream.
- format—1 dent if ier, original_networK-ID, transport_stream_ID servece_ID, country-code, and stream—format—name indicate the service provider of the transport stream, and thus the audio or video stream. It can recognize the encoding restrictions, the SI (Service Information) standard, and the stream definition of the private data stream other than the audio / video stream. This information can be used to determine whether the decoder can decode the stream and, if so, to initialize the decoder system before decoding starts.
- SI Service Information
- STC_sequence the time section in the MPEG-2 transport stream that does not include STC discontinuities (discontinuities in the system time pace) is called STC_sequence
- STC_sequence STC_sequence — Specified by the value of id.
- FIG. 5OA and FIG. 50B are diagrams illustrating a continuous STC section. The same STC value in the same STC sequence never appears (however, the maximum time length of Cip is limited as described later). Therefore, the same value of PTS in the same STC_sequence also never appears.
- the system time base of Clip is divided into (N + 1) STC sequences.
- STC_Info stores the address of the place where STC discontinuity (system timebase discontinuity) occurs.
- RSPN-STC_start indicates the address
- the last STC_sequence starts at the time when the source packet referenced by the last RSPN_STC-start arrives and ends at the time when the last source packet arrives I do.
- FIG. 52 is a diagram showing the syntax of STC-Info. To describe the syntax of STC-Info shown in FIG. 52, it is four characters per character indicating the version number of this STC_Info (). The vers ion—number must be encoded as “0045” according to ISO 6646.
- the length is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of bytes of STC-Info () from immediately after the length field to the end of STC_Info ().
- the length field may be set to 0.
- CPI (type) of CPI () indicates EP_map type, num—of— ST sequences must have a value of 1 or more.
- the num—of_STC_sequences 8-bit unsigned integer indicates the number of STC—sequences in the CI ip. This value follows this field: Indicates the number of loops in the for-loop.
- the STC_sequence_id corresponding to the predetermined STC_sequence is defined by the order in which the RSPN_STC_start corresponding to the STC-sequence appears in the for-1 oop including the RSPN-STC-sart. STC_sequence_id starts from 0.
- RSPN_STC-start indicates the address where STC-sequence starts on the AV stream file.
- RSPN_STC-start indicates the address at which a system-imimum-based discontinuous point occurs in the AV stream file.
- RSPN_STC_start may be the relative address of the source packet with the first PCR of the new system time pace in the AV stream.
- RSPN—STC_start is a size in units of source packet number, and is counted from the first source packet of the AV stream file with the initial value of off set_SPN defined in CI iplnfo (). The absolute address in the AV stream file is already described above.
- SPN_xxx RSPN— XXX-offset_SPN
- prograin_sequence a time section having the following characteristics in the clip is referred to as prograin_sequence.
- the value of PCR_P ID does not change.
- the number of video elementary streams does not change.
- each video story The PID value of the system and the coding information defined by its VideoCodinglnfo do not change.
- the number of audio elementary streams does not change.
- the PID value for each audio stream and the encoding information defined by its AudioCodinglnfo do not change.
- ProgramInfo stores the address where program_sequence starts.
- RSPN_program_sequence_start indicates the address.
- FIG. 54 is a diagram showing the syntax of Programlnfo. To explain the synchronization of Program Info shown in FIG. 54, version_nuiiiber is one of four characters indicating the version number of ProgramInfo (). version_n TM ber must be encoded as “0045” according to ISO 6646.
- the length is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of bytes of ProgramInfo () from immediately after the length field to the end of ProgramInfo ().
- the CPI_type of the CPI () indicates the TU_map type
- the length field may be set to 0. If the CPI (type) of CPI () indicates EP_map type, nuniber_oiLprograms must be a value of 1 or more.
- An 8-bit unsigned integer in the number-of-program sequences indicates the number of program sequences in the Cl ip This value indicates the number of loops in the for-loop following this field. If the program-sequence does not change in the ip, the number-of-one-program-sequence must be set to 1.
- RSPN-program The 32-bit field of sequence—start is the AV stream file This is the relative address where the program sequence starts above.
- am_sequence—start is a size in units of source packet number, and is counted from the first source packet of the AV stream file using the offset_SPN value defined in ClipInfo () as the initial value. You.
- the absolute address in the AV stream file is
- SPN_xxx RSPN— XXX-offset_SPN
- the 16-bit field of the PCR_PID indicates the PID of a transport packet including a valid PCR field in the pr> ogram_sequence.
- the 8-bit field of number—of—audios indicates the number of loops of the for-loop including audio_stream_PID and AudioCodingInfo () .6 video—The 16-bit field of stream_PID indicates the transport packet of a transport packet containing a valid video stream for that prograin_sequence. Indicates PID.
- VideoCodinglnfo () following this field shall describe the content of the video stream referenced by the video-stream-PID.
- AudioCodingInfo () following this field shall describe the content of the video stream referenced by the audio_stream_PID.
- the order in which the value of video_stream_PID appears in the syntax for-loop must be the same as the order in which the PIDs of the video stream are encoded in the PMT valid for that program_sequence.
- the order in which the audio_streai_P ID value appears in the syntax for-loop must be the same as the order in which the PID of the audio stream is encoded in the PMT valid for that program_sequence.
- FIG. 55 is a diagram showing the syntax of VideoCodinglnfo in the syntax of Programinfo shown in FIG.
- the 8-bit field of the video_format indicates the video format corresponding to the video_stream_PID in the Programlnfo (), as shown in FIG.
- the 8-bit field of frame_rate indicates the video frame rate corresponding to video_stream_PID in ProgramInfo ().
- an 8-bit field of display_aspect-ratio indicates a display aspect ratio of a video corresponding to video_stream_PID in ProgramlnfoO.
- FIG. 59 is a diagram showing the syntax of AudioCodinglnfo in the syntax of Programinfo shown in FIG.
- the syntax of AudioCodinglnfo shown in Fig. 59 is explained.
- the 8-bit field of audio_coding indicates an audio encoding method corresponding to audio_stream_PID in Programlnfo ().
- an audio-component-type 8-bit field indicates an audio component type corresponding to audio_stream_PID in ProgramInfo ().
- the sampling-frequency 8-bit field indicates the audio sampling frequency corresponding to audio_stream_PID in ProgramInfo ().
- CPI Charge Point Information
- CPI is used to associate the time information in the AV stream with the address in the file.
- CP I has two evenings, EPjaap and ⁇ —map.
- the CPI () includes an EP_map.
- the CPI () includes TU_map.
- One AV stream has one EP_map or one TU_map. If the AV stream is a SESF transport stream, the corresponding Clip must have EPjnap.
- FIG. 65 is a diagram showing the syntax of CPI.
- versioiummber is one character of four characters indicating the version number of this CPI ().
- version_number must be encoded as "0045" according to ISO 646.
- length is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of bytes of CPI () from immediately after this length field to the end of CPI ().
- the CPI—type is a 1-bit flag, and represents the CPI type of the Clip.
- EPjnap in the CPI syntax shown in FIG. 65 will be described.
- EP_map has two evenings: EP_map for video stream and EPjnap for audio stream.
- the EP_map for the video stream has a stream_PID, PTS_EP_start, and RSPN_EP_start.
- stream_PID indicates a PID of a transport packet for transmitting a video stream.
- PTS_EP-start indicates PTS of an access unit starting from a sequence header of a video stream.
- RSPN_EP_start indicates the address of the source pocket including the first byte of the access unit referenced by PTS_EP_start in the AV stream.
- EP_niap_for_one-stream_PID A sub-table called EP_niap_for_one-stream_PID () is created for each video stream transmitted by a transport packet having the same PID. If there are multiple video streams in the Clip, the EP-map may include multiple EP_niap_for-one-stream-PID ().
- An EP-map for an audio stream has data of stream_PID, PTS_EP_start, and RSPN-EP-start.
- stream_PID indicates a PID of a transport packet for transmitting an audio stream.
- PTS_EP_start indicates the PTS of the access unit of the free stream.
- RSPN-EP_start indicates the address of the source packet including the first byte of the access unit referenced by PTS_EP-start in the AV stream.
- EP_map_for_one_stream_PID A sub-table called EP_map_for_one_stream_PID () is created for each audio stream transmitted by transport packets having the same PID. If there are multiple audio streams in the Clip, the EP_map may include multiple EP-maps for_one-stream_PID ().
- EP_map one EPjnap-for-one_stream-PID () is created in one table regardless of STC discontinuities.
- the boundary of the EP_map data belonging to each STC_sequence can be found (see Fig. 68).
- the EP-map must have one EP_inap_for_one-stream_PID for the range of continuous streams transmitted with the same PID.
- program # 1 and program # 3 have the same video PID, but the data range is not continuous. Therefore, each program must have an EP_map_for_one—stream_P ID.
- Figure 70 is a diagram showing the syntax of EP-map.
- the EP_type is a 4-bit field and indicates the entry point type of the EP_map as shown in Fig. 71.
- the EP_type indicates the semantics of a data field following this field. If more than one video stream is included, EP_type shall be set to 0 ('video'), or if Clip contains no video stream but one or more audio streams, EP _type must be set to l ('audio').
- EP_map_for_one_stream_PID (num_EP_entries (k)), indicating a 16-bit field of num—EP—entries (k).
- EP_map_for_one_streai_P ID_Start_address (k): Indicates the relative byte position at which EP_map_for_one—stream_P ID (numj: P—entries (k)) starts in the 32-bit fino redd f or EP_map (). This value is indicated by the size from the first byte of EP_iiiap ().
- padding_word must be inserted according to the syntax of EP_map (). X and Y must be 0 or any positive integer. Each padding code may take any value.
- FIG. 72 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of EP_map_for_one_stream_PID.
- EP_map_for_one_stream_PID the syntax of EPjnap-for_one_stream_P ID shown in Fig. 72.
- the semantics of the 32-bit field of PTS_EP-start differs depending on EP_type defined in EP_map (). If EP_type is equal to 0 (, video '), this field shall be the 33-bit precision Punit of the access unit beginning with the sequence header of the video stream. It has the upper 32 bits of TS. If EP_type is equal to 1 (, audio '), this field has the upper 32 bits of the 33-bit precision PTS of the audio stream access unit.
- EP_type defined in EP_niap (). If EP_type is equal to 0 ('video'), this field contains the relative address of the source pocket containing the first byte of the header to the sequence of the access unit referenced by PTS_EP_start in the AV stream. Show. Or, if EP_type is equal to 1 ('audio'), this field indicates the relative address of the source packet containing the first byte of the audio frame of the access unit referenced by PTS_EP_start in the A stream. .
- RSPN-EP-start is a size in units of source packet number, and is 0861 defined from 01 1 11 ⁇ 0 () from the first source packet of the AV stream file;
- the value of _SPN is counted as the initial value.
- the absolute address in the AV stream file is
- TU_map creates one time axis based on the arrival time clock (arrival time based clock) of the source packet.
- the time axis is called TU_map_time_axis.
- the origin of TUjnap_time_axis is indicated by offset_time in TU__map ().
- TU—map—time—axis is divided into fixed units from offset_time. The unit is called time-unit.
- the address of the first complete source packet on the AV stream file is stored in the TU_map. These addresses are called RSPN_time_miit-start.
- FIG. 75 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of TUjnap.
- the field 3121311: 0361: _ ⁇ 1116 gives the offset time for TU_inap_time_axis. This value indicates the offset time for the first time_unit in the Clip.
- the off set-time is a magnitude in units of a 45 kHz clock derived from a 27 MHz accurate arrival time clock. If the AV stream is recorded as a new Clip, the offset-time must be set to 0.
- the 32-bit field of number—of—time—unit—entries indicates the number of time_unit entries stored in the TU_map ().
- RSPN time—unit_start indicates the relative address of the place in the AV stream at which the time_unit starts to fly.
- RSPN time_unit—start is a size in units of the source packet number, and is output from the first source packet of the AV stream file using the offset_SPN value defined in ClipInfo () as the initial value.
- the absolute address in the AV stream file is
- SPN_xxx RSPN— XXX-offset_SPN
- RSPN_time_unit_start Is calculated by The values of RSPN_time_unit_start must appear in ascending order in the for-loop of the Shinx. If there are no source packets in the (k + 1) th time_unit, the (k + 1) th RSPN—time—unit—start must be equal to the kth RSPN_time—unit—start.
- Cl ip Mark in the syntax of zzzzz. Cl ip shown in Fig. 45 will be described.
- Cl ip Mark is mark information about the clip, and is stored in Cl ipMark. This mark is set by the recorder (recording / reproducing device 1), and is not set by the user.
- FIG. 75 is a diagram showing the syntax of ClipMark.
- version_nu] iiber is one character of four characters indicating the version number of this Cl ipMark (). version number is in ISO 6 4 6 Therefore, it must be encoded as "0045".
- mark_type is an 8-bit field indicating the type of the mark, and is encoded according to the table shown in FIG.
- mark_tiiiie_stamp is a 32-bit field and stores a time stamp indicating a point designated by a mark. As shown in FIG. 77, the semantics of mark_time-stamp differs depending on the CP type in PlayList ().
- the STC_sequence_id indicates the STC_sequence_id of the continuous STC section where the mark is placed.
- the CPI_type in the CPI () indicates the TU—map type, this 8-bit field has no meaning and is set to 0.
- the 8-bit field of the character—set indicates how to encode each character encoded in the mark_name field.
- the encoding method corresponds to the values shown in FIG.
- An 8-bit field of name—1 ength indicates the byte length of the mark name indicated in the Mark_imiiie field.
- the mark_name field indicates the name of the mark.
- the number of name-length bytes from the left in this field is a valid character, which indicates the name of the mark.
- the value after each valid character in the mark_name field can be any value.
- _thumbnai and index fields indicate the information of the thumbnail image added to the mark. If the ref_thumbnail_index field has a value other than OxFFFF, a thumbnail image is added to the mark, and the thumbnail image is stored in the mark.thmb file. The image is referenced using ref_thumb nai and index values in the mark. Thmb file. i> ef_thumbnail — If the index field is OxFFF F, no thumbnail image is added to the mark.
- Thumbnail images are stored in the menu. Thmb file or mark. Thmb file. These files have the same syntax structure and have only one Thumbnails ().
- the menu.thmb file stores menu thumbnail images, that is, images that represent Volume, and images that represent each PlayList. All menu thumbnails are stored in only one menu. Thmb file.
- the mark.thmb file stores mark thumbnail images, that is, pictures representing mark points. All mark thumbnails for all PlayLists and Clips are stored in only one mark. Thmb file. Thumbnails are frequently added and deleted, so the addition and partial deletion operations must be easily and quickly performed. For this reason, Thumbnai U) has a block structure.
- the image data is divided into several parts, and each part is stored in one tn_block. One image is stored in a continuous tnjalock. There may be unused tn_blocks in the tn_block column. The byte length of one thumbnail image is variable.
- Fig. 78 shows the syntax of menu. Thmb and mark. Thmb
- Fig. 79 shows the syntax of Thumbnai 1 in the syntax of nenu. Thm and mark. Thmb.
- the length is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the number of bytes of MakersPrivateData () from immediately after this length field to the end of Thumbnai 1 ().
- tn_blocks The start_address is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the first byte address of the first tnjalock in units of bytes relative to the first byte of Thumbnai 1 (). Relative bytes are counted from zero.
- number_of_thuinbnails is a 16-bit unsigned integer giving the number of entries of thumbnail images contained in Thumbnai).
- thumbnai index is re: f_tlmiiibnai in UIAppInfoVolume (), UIAppInfoPlayList (), PlayListMarkO, and ClipMark () and is referred to by index. Is an unsigned integer and takes a value as shown in Figure 80. DCF and PNG in the table are only allowed in "menu.thmb". The mark thumbnail must take the value "0x00" (MPEG-2 Video Image).
- picture_data_size is a 32-bit unsigned integer indicating the byte length of the thumbnail image in bytes.
- start_tn_block_mimber is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the tn_block number of the tnjDlock at which the thumbnail image data starts. The start of the thumbnail image data must match the start of tb_block. The tn—block number starts at 0 and is related to the value of the variable k in the tnjalock for-loop.
- x_picture_length is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the frame picture frame of the thumbnail image.
- y_picture_length is a 16-bit unsigned integer representing the number of pixels in the vertical direction of the frame picture frame of the thumbnail image.
- tn_block is an area in which thumbnail images are stored. All tn-blocks in Thumbnai 1 () have the same size (fixed length), and the size is defined by tn_block_size.
- FIGS. 81A and 81B are diagrams schematically showing how thumbnail images are stored in a tn-block. As shown in Fig. 81A and Fig. 81B, each thumbnail image data starts from the beginning of the tn_block, and if the size exceeds 1 tn_block, the next tnjDock is used. Stored. This makes it possible to manage the variable-length picture data as a fixed-length picture data, and to cope with editing such as deletion by simple processing. You.
- AV stream files are Stored in the "M2TS" directory ( Figure 14).
- Both AV streams must have the structure of a DVR MPEG-2 Transport Stream file as defined hereafter.
- DVR MPEG-2 transport stream will be described.
- the structure of the transport stream is as shown in Figure 82.
- the AV stream file has the structure of the DVR MPEG 2 transport stream.
- the DVR MPEG 2 transport stream consists of an integer number of aligned units.
- the size of the Aligned unit is 6 144 bytes (204 8 * 3 bytes).
- the Aligned unit starts from the first byte of the source packet.
- the source packet is 192 bytes long.
- One source packet is composed of TP_extra_header, transport knob, and software.
- TP_extra_headery is 4 bytes long, and the transport packet is 188 bytes long.
- One Aligned unit is composed of 32 source packets.
- the last Aligned unit in the DVR MPEG 2 transport stream also consists of 32 source packets.
- the file system shall not add extra information to the DVR MPEG 2 transport stream.
- Figure 83 shows the recorder model of the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream.
- the recorder shown in Figure 83 is a conceptual model for specifying the recording process.
- the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream follows this model.
- the input MPE G2 transport stream is a full transport stream or a partial transport stream.
- the MPEG2 transport stream to be input is ISO / IEC 138 188-1 or ISO / IEC 138 You must follow 1 8 -9.
- the i-th byte of the MPEG-2 transport stream is transmitted to the T-STD (Transport stream system target decoder specified in ISO / IEC13818_l) and the source decoder. Input simultaneously at time t (i).
- Rpk is the instantaneous maximum value of the input rate of the transport packet.
- the 27 MHz PLL 52 generates a frequency of 27 MHz clock.
- the frequency of the 27 MHz clock is locked to the value of the PCR (Program Clock Reference) of the MPEG-2 transport stream.
- the arrival time clock counter 53 is a binary counter that counts pulses at a frequency of 27 MHz.
- Arrival time_clock (i) is the count value of the Arrival time clock counter at time t (i).
- Arrival_time-stamp represents the time at which the first byte of the transport packet arrives at both the TSTD and the source packet.
- the difference between the arrival_time_stamp of the two transport packets is 230/27000000 Should be set to seconds.
- the recorder is prepared for such a case.
- the smoothing buffer 55 smoothes the beam trades of the input transport stream.
- the smoothing buffer must not overflow.
- Rmax is the output bit rate of the source packet from the smoothing buffer when the smoothing buffer is not empty. When the smoothing buffer is empty, the output bit rate from the smoothing buffer is zero.
- Rmax is given by the TS recording rate defined in ClipInfo () corresponding to the AV stream file. This value is It is calculated by the following equation.
- TS_recording_rate is in units of bytes / second.
- Rpk must be equal to TS_re cording_rate defined in ClipInfo () corresponding to the AV stream file. If the input transport stream is not a SESF transport stream, this value refers to the MPEG-2 transport stream descriptor, for example, the value defined in maximum-bitrate one descriptor, partial-wake sport_stream am_descriptor, etc. May be.
- the smoothing buffer size is 0 if the input transport stream is a SESF transport stream. If the input transport stream is not a SESF transport stream, the size of the smoothing buffer is the MPEG-2 transport stream descriptor, for example, smoothing—buffer—descriptor short—smoothing—buffer_descriptor, partial_t ransport—stream—descriptor For example, you may refer to a value defined as:
- FIG. 84 is a diagram showing a player model of the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream. This is a conceptual model for specifying the regeneration process.
- the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream follows this model ⁇
- the arrival time clock counter 62 is a binary counter that counts pulses at a frequency of 27 MHz.
- Arrival—time—clock (i) is the count value of the Arrival time clock counter at time t (i).
- Rmax is the input bit rate of the source packet to the smoothing buffer when the smoothing buffer is not full. When the smoothing buffer is full, the input bit rate to the smoothing buffer is The default is 0.
- the arrival-tinie_stamp of the current source packet is equal to the value of the LSB 30-bit of the arrival-time-ciock (i).
- Transport packets are withdrawn from the smoothing buffer.
- Rpk is the instantaneous maximum value of the transport packet rate.
- the smoothing buffer must not underflow.
- the parameters of the player model of the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream are the same as those of the recorder model of the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream described above.
- FIG. 85 is a diagram illustrating the syntax of the source packet.
- transport_packet () is an MPEG-2 transport packet defined by IS0 / IEC138818-1.
- Fig. 86 shows the syntax of TP_Extra_header in the syntax of the source packet shown in Fig. 85.
- copy_peruiission_indicator is an integer representing the copy restriction of the pay mouth of the transport packet. The copy restrictions can be copy free, no more copy, copy once ⁇ , or copy prohibited.
- FIG. 87 shows the relationship between the values of (1) copy_permission_indicator and the mode specified by them.
- copy_per nission_iiidicator is added to all transport packets.
- the copy—permission—indicator value is associated with the EMI (Encryption Mode Indicator) value in the IEEE1394 isochronous packet header. Is also good.
- the value of the copy_permission-indicator may be associated with the value of the CCI embedded in the transport packet.
- the value of copy_permission_indicator may be associated with the CGMS-A value of the analog signal.
- arrival time_stamp (k) arrival time clock (K% 230 Is an integer value with the value specified by tiiie_stamp.
- the Clip AV stream In order to define a Clip AV stream, the Clip AV stream must have the structure of a DVR MPEG-2 transport stream as defined above. arriva time_clock (i) must increase continuously in the Clip AV stream. Even if there is a discontinuity of the system time base (STC base) in the Clip AV stream, the air time and clock (i) of the Clip AV stream must increase continuously.
- STC base system time base
- the maximum value of the difference between arrival_time and clock (i) between the start and end in the Clip AV stream shall be 26 hours.
- the limitation is that if there is no system time base (STC based) discontinuity in the MPEG2 transport stream, the same value of PTS (Presentation Time Stamp) in the Clip AV stream will never occur. Guarantee not to appear.
- STC based system time base
- PTS Presentation Time Stamp
- the MPEG2 Systems standard specifies that the PTS live-around period is 233 / 90,000 seconds (approximately 26.5 hours).
- the Bridge-Clip AV stream In order to define the Bridge-Clip AV stream, the Bridge-Clip AV stream must have the structure of the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream as defined above.
- the Bridge-Clip AV stream must contain one arrival time base discontinuity.
- the transport stream before and after the discontinuity of the arrival time pace must conform to the encoding restrictions described later, and must conform to DVR-STD described later.
- This example supports seamless video and audio connections between Playltems in editing. Making a seamless connection between Playltems guarantees “continuous supply of data” and “seamless decoding" to the player / recorder. "Continuous supply of data” means that the file system can guarantee that the decoder supplies data at the required bit rate so as not to cause the buffer to underflow. Ensure that the data is stored in large blocks of contiguous blocks so that the data can be read from disk, ensuring the real-time performance of the data.
- “Seamless decoding” means that a player can play back audio-video data recorded on a disc without causing pauses and gaps in the playback output of the decoder. It can be displayed.
- the AV stream referred to by the seamlessly connected Playltem will be described. Whether the connection between the preceding Playltem and the current Playltem is guaranteed to allow seamless display can be determined from the connection_condition field defined in the current Playltem.
- the seamless connection between Playltems can be done with or without Bridge-Clip.
- FIG. 88 shows the relationship between the preceding Playltem and the current Playltem when using Bridge-Clip.
- stream data read by the player is shown with a shadow.
- TS 1 shown in Fig. 88 is composed of stream data shaded by Cl ipl (Cl ip AV stream) and stream shaded before RS-PN_arrival_time_discontinuity of Bridge-Cl ip. Become.
- the TS 1 Clipl shaded stream data is derived from the stream address needed to decode the presentation unit corresponding to the preceding Playltem IN-time (illustrated as IN_timel in Figure 88).
- RSPN_exit from _previous—Stream to the source packet referenced by Clip.
- the shaded stream data before the RSPN—arrival—time_discontinuity of the Bridge-Clip included in TS 1 is referenced by the RSPN—arrival and time—discontinuity from the first source packet of the Bridge-Clip. Stream data up to the source packet immediately before the source packet to be transmitted.
- TS 2 in Fig. 88 is based on the stream data shaded by Cl ip2 (Cl ip AV stream) and the stream data shaded after time_discontinuity after RSPN_arriva of Bridge-Cl ip. Become.
- the shaded stream data after the RSP N_arrival_time—discontinuity of the Bridge-Clip included in TS 2 is obtained from the source packet referenced by RSPN—arrival—time—discontinuity. This is stream data up to the source packet.
- the stream data shaded by TS 2 Cl ip2 is from the source packet referenced by RSPN—enter_to_current_Clip to the current PlayItem OUT—time (illustrated as 0IIT_tinie2 in FIG. 88). This is the stream data up to the address of the stream required to decode the corresponding presentation unit.
- FIG. 89 shows the relationship between the preceding Playltem and the current Playlte in when the Bridge-Clip is not used. In this case, the stream data read by the player is shown with a shadow.
- TS1 in FIG. 89 is composed of stream data with a shadow of Clipl (Clip AV stream).
- the TS1 Clipl shaded stream data is the stream needed to decode the presentation unit corresponding to the preceding Playltem IN_time (illustrated as IN_timel in Figure 89).
- the data starting from the address of the Clipl to the last source packet of the Clipl. S2 in FIG. 89 is composed of a stream data with a shadow of Clip2 (Clip AV stream).
- the shaded stream data of Clip2 of TS2 starts with the first source packet of Clip2 and decodes the presentation unit corresponding to the current Playltem's 0UT_time (illustrated as 0UT_time2 in Figure 89). This is a stream to the stream address necessary for the stream.
- the dashes 31 and 32 are continuous streams of the source packet.
- the stream specifications of T S1 and T S2 and the connection conditions between them are considered.
- the number of programs included in the avenues 31 and 32 must be one.
- the number of video streams contained in 31 and 32 must be one.
- the number of audio streams contained in 31 and 32 should not be more than two.
- the number of audio streams contained in T S1 and T S2 must be equal.
- T S1 and Z or T S2 an elementary stream other than the above or a private stream may be included.
- FIG. 90 is a diagram showing an example of seamless connection shown in the display order of pictures. Unnecessary pictures displayed after 0UT_timel (0UT_tiine of Clipl) and before IN_time2 (IN_time of CI ip2) are required for the seamless display of the video stream at the connection point. It must be removed by the process of re-encoding a partial stream.
- FIG. 91 shows an example in which seamless connection is realized using BridgeSequence in the case shown in FIG.
- the bridge-clipped video stream before the RSPN_arrival-time discontinuity consists of the coded video stream up to the picture corresponding to the Cl-ipl OUT-timel in Fig. 90. Then, the video stream is connected to the preceding Clipl video stream, and re-encoded so as to become an elementary stream according to the MPEG 2 standard in one continuous stream.
- the video stream of Bridge-Clip after RSPN_arrival-time-discontinuity consists of the coded video stream after the picture corresponding to IN-time2 of Cl ip2 in FIG. Then, the video stream can start decoding correctly, is connected to the subsequent Clip2 video stream, and is re-encoded so as to be an elementary stream according to the MPEG 2 standard in one continuous stream. I have. In order to make a Bridge-Clip, a few pictures generally have to be re-encoded, and the other pictures can be copied from the original Clip.
- FIG. 92 shows an example in which seamless connection is realized without using BridgeSequence in the case of the example shown in FIG.
- the Clipl video stream consists of the coded video stream up to the picture corresponding to 0UT_timel in Fig. 90, which is re-encoded into one continuous elementary stream according to the MPEG2 standard. I have.
- the video stream of Cl ip2 consists of an encoded video stream after the picture corresponding to IN_time2 of Cl ip2 in Fig. 90, and it is an elementary stream according to the MPEG 2 standard in one continuous stream. It has been re-encoded.
- the frame rates of the video streams in the sections 31 and 32 must be equal.
- the video stream of TS1 must end with sequence_end_code.
- the TS2 video stream must start with a Sequence Header, a GOP Header ⁇ and an I-picture.
- the TS2 video stream must start with a closed GOP.
- Video presentation unit (frame) defined in the bitstream Or field) must be continuous across the connection point. There must be no frame or field gaps at the connection points. At the junction, the toe bottom field sequence must be continuous. For encoding using 3-2 pulldown, the "top_field—first” and “repeat_first--field” flags may need to be rewritten, or re-encoded locally to prevent field gaps from occurring. You may do so.
- the audio sampling frequencies of T S1 and T S2 must be the same.
- the encoding method for TS1 and TS2 audio eg, MPEG1 Layer 2, AC-3, SESFLPCM, AAC must be the same.
- the last audio frame of the audio stream of TS1 has the same display time at the end of the display of the last display picture of TS1.
- the first audio frame of the TS2 audio stream must contain audio samples with a display time equal to the beginning of the display battle of the first display picture of TS2.
- the first packet transmitting the TS2 elementary stream must be a video packet.
- the transport stream at the connection point must follow DVR-STD described later.
- T S1 and T S2 must not include an arrival time base discontinuity in each.
- Bridge-Clip Only at the junction of the last source packet of TS1 and the first source packet of TS2, the Bridge-Clip AV stream has only one arrival time base discontinuity.
- RSPN defined in ClipInfo () — arrival time_discontinuity indicates the address of the discontinuity, which is the address that refers to the first source packet of TS2 Must be indicated.
- the source packet referenced by RSPN—exit—from one previous—CI ip defined in Bridge Sequence Info () may be any source packet in Cl ipl. It does not need to be the boundary of an aligned unit.
- the source packet referred to by RSPN_ente to_currentJUip defined in BridgeSequenceInfo () may be any source packet in C1 ip2. It does not need to be the boundary of an Aligned unit.
- the preceding Playltem ⁇ —time (OUT_tiniel shown in FIGS. 88 and 89) must indicate the display end time of the last video presentation unit of TS1.
- the IN_time of the current Playltem (IN_time2 shown in FIGS. 88 and 89) shall indicate the display start time of the first video presentation unit of TS2.
- RSPN—exit—from_previous_C lip RSPN_exit_from—previous_Cl ip is selected so that the stream portion of the Cl ipl (Cl ip AV stream file) before it is located in a continuous area that is equal to or greater than a half fragment. There must be.
- the length of the Bridge-Clip AV stream must be selected so that it is located in a contiguous area of half a fragment or more.
- RSPN_enter_to_current_Clip must be selected so that the stream portion of Cl ip2 (Cl ip AV stream file) after RSPN—enter—to_current_Clip is located in a continuous area of half a fragment or more.
- the last stream part of Clipl (Clip AV stream file) must be located in a continuous area equal to or greater than half fragment.
- the first stream part of Clip2 (Clip AV stream file) must be located in a contiguous area of half fragment or more.
- DVR—STD is a conceptual model for modeling the decoding process when generating and verifying the DVR MPE G2 transport stream.
- the DVR-STD is also a conceptual model for modeling a decoding process in generating and verifying an AV stream referred to by the two seamlessly connected Playltems described above.
- Figure 96 shows the DVR-STD model.
- the DVR MPEG-2 transport stream player model is included as a component 0 ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , EBn, TBsys, Bsys, Rxn, Rbxn, Rxsys, Dn, Dsys , On, and Pn (k) are represented in the same way as defined in T-STD of ISO / IEC 138 18-1. That is, it is as follows.
- n is the index number of the element list stream.
- TBn is a transport buffer for elementary stream n.
- MBn is a multiplex buffer for element list stream n. Only present for video streams.
- EBn is an elementary evening list buffer for elementary evening stream n. Only present for video streams.
- TBsys is the input buffer for the system information of the program being decrypted.
- Bsys is a main buffer in the system gate decoder for system information of the program being decoded.
- Rxn is the transmission rate at which data is stripped from TBn.
- Rbxn is a transmission rate at which the PES packet payload is removed from MBn. Only present for video streams.
- Rxsys is the transmission rate at which data is removed from TBsys.
- Dn is the decoder for element list n.
- Dsys provides the system information of the program being decrypted Decoder.
- On is the reordering buffer of video stream n ⁇ Pn (k) is the k-th presentation unit of elementary stream n,
- DVR Describe the STD decoding process. While playing back a single DVR MPEG-2 transport stream, the timing of inputting a transport packet to the TB1, TBn or TBsys buffer is determined by the arrival_time—stamp of the source packet .
- the specification of the buffering operation of TBI, MBl, EBl, TBn, Bn, Bsys, and TBsys is the same as that of TSTD specified in IS OZI E 138 188-1.
- the specifications of the decoding operation and the display operation are also the same as the T-STD specified in IS0 / 1EC13818-1.
- the playback of two AV streams referred to by the seamlessly connected Playltem will be described.
- the playback of TS1 and TS2 described above will be described. Will be described.
- T S1 is the preceding stream and T S2 is the current stream.
- Figure 97 shows a timing chart of input, decoding, and display of a transport packet when moving from one AV stream (TS 1) to the next AV stream (TS 2) that is seamlessly connected to it. Show. During the transition from a given AV stream (TS1) to the next AV stream (TS2) that is seamlessly connected to it, the time axis of the TS2's arrival time base (ATC2 in Figure 97). Is not the same as the time axis of the arrival time base of TS 1 (indicated by ATC 1 in FIG. 97).
- the time axis of the system time base of TS 2 (indicated by STC 2 in FIG. 97) is not the same as the time axis of the system time base of TS 1 (indicated by ST C 1 in FIG. 97).
- Video display must be seamless and continuous. There may be overlap in the presentation time of the audio presentation unit.
- the input timing to DVR-STD is explained. Until the time until time T1, that is, until the last video packet of TS1 has been input to TB1 of DVR-STD, the input timing to the buffer of TB1, TBn or TBsys of DVR-STD is completed. The packet is determined by the arrival_tiine_stamp of the source packet of TS1.
- T S1 The remaining packets of T S1 must be input to the DVR_STD TBn or TBsys buffer at a bit rate of TS_recording-rate (T S1).
- TS_recording_rate (TS1) is a value of TS_recording-rate defined in ClipInfo () corresponding to Clipl.
- the time at which the last byte of T S1 enters the buffer is time T2. Therefore, in the section from time T1 to T2, arrival-time-stamp of the source packet is ignored.
- N1 is the number of transport packet bytes of TS1 following the last video packet of TS1
- the time DT1 from time T1 to T2 is N1 bytes at the bit rate of TS_recording_rate (TS1). This is the time required to complete the input, and is calculated by the following equation.
- the arrival time clock counter is reset to the value of arrival-time_stafflp of the first source packet of TS2.
- the input timing to the DVR-STD TB1, TBn or TBsys buffer is determined by the TS_2 source packet arrival_time_stamp. Both n and RXsys change to the values defined in T-STD.
- the audio decoder and the system decoder should be able to process the input buffer in the interval from time T1 to T2 so that T_S In addition to the buffer amount defined by TD, an additional buffer amount (about 1 second worth of data) is required.
- STC 1 is the time axis of the system time base of TS 1 (illustrated as STC 1 in FIG. 97)
- STC 2 is the time axis of the system time base of TS 2 (STC 2 in FIG. 97).
- STC 2 is The battle begins at the time when the first PCR of TS 2 enters the T-STD. ).
- the offset between STC1 and STC2 is determined as follows.
- PTSlend is the PTS on STC1 corresponding to the last video presentation unit of TS1
- PTS2start is the PTS on STC2 corresponding to the first video presentation unit of TS2
- Tpp is Assuming that the display period of the last video presentation unit of TS 1 is, an offset STC_delta between two system time paces is calculated by the following equation.
- the DVR-STD switches the system time clock between the old time base value (STC 1) and the new time base value (ST C 2).
- STC 1 old time base value
- ST C 2 new time base value
- STCllvideo_end is the value of STC on the system time base STC1 when the last byte of the last video packet of TS1 arrives at TB1 of DVR-STD.
- STC22video_start is the value of STC on the system time base STC2 when the first byte of the first video packet of TS2 arrives at TB1 of the DVR-STD.
- STC21video_end is a value obtained by converting the value of STCllvideo_end into a value on the system time base STC2 ( STC21video_end is calculated by the following equation.
- STC21video one end STCllvideo— end ⁇ STC— delta
- the arrival timing of the first video packet of TS2 at TB1 must satisfy the following inequality. And the following inequality must be satisfied.
- the contents of data recorded on the recording medium, reproduction information, and the like can be appropriately managed, so that the user can appropriately record on the recording medium during reproduction. It is possible to confirm the contents of the data being stored and to easily reproduce the desired data.
- time_controlled_flag indicates that the elapsed time of the AV stream and the amount of bytes of the AV stream have the following relationship. That is, it is ensured that the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is proportional within a predetermined error range.
- Equation (1) The above equation is a little different from the equation shown in the description of time_controlled_flag of Cliplnfo in FIG. 46, but is essentially the same.
- TS_average rate is the AV stream file (DVR transport).
- the average bit rate of the stream file is expressed in the unit of bytes / second, and is indicated by the field of the same name in Cliplnfo.
- t indicates the elapsed time of the arrival lime pace from the first source packet of the AV stream file in seconds.
- AV—file_size (t) represents the size of the AV stream file at time 7 in bytes.
- ⁇ is a predetermined constant value, for example, 300 seconds.
- TS_average_rate is determined to a predetermined value by the application of the recorder.
- the TS average_rate value for each mode is determined according to the recording mode, such as long-time recording mode (LP mode), standard recording mode (SP mode), or high-quality recording mode (HQ mode).
- LP mode long-time recording mode
- SP mode standard recording mode
- HQ mode high-quality recording mode
- FIG. 98 shows the case where the variable bit rate is controlled so that the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is proportional within a predetermined error range.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an operation of an AV encoder 15 of the recording / reproducing apparatus 1.
- the blocks with the same numbers are the same.
- the user inputs a recording mode such as LP mode or SP mode to the control unit 23 through the user interface 24.
- the control unit 23 sets the multiplex bit rate of the AV stream (DVR transport stream) to be recorded and the average bit rate of video coding according to the recording mode (see step S 20 in the flowchart of FIG. 99). ).
- the control unit 23 sets the time_control_flag to 1, sets the average bit rate of the multiplexed stream to TS_average__rate, and sets the multiplexed bit rate to TS_recording_rate.
- the control unit 23 outputs the database of the Cl ip Information file in which time control led_flag, TS_recording_rate and TS_average_rate are set to Cl iplnfo. Power.
- the Clip Information file is recorded on the recording medium through the processing of the ECC encoder 20 as described in FIG.
- video When encoding analog video input, video is input from terminal 11. Or, when transcoding a digital broadcast input video, the video from the AV decoder 27 is input. Input video is input to video encoder 15 1.
- the control unit 23 calculates the amount of coded bits to be allocated to the video per predetermined time, and designates it to the video encoder.
- the video encoder 115 encodes video per predetermined time and inputs an actually generated encoded bit amount to the control unit 23.
- the size of the predetermined time is the GOP of the video, which is 0.5 second.
- the control unit 23 calculates the elapsed time of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream based on the cumulative value of the actually generated encoded bits input from the encoder after the start of encoding.
- variable bit rate of video coding is controlled so that the relationship is proportional within a predetermined error range, and the amount of coding bits to be allocated to video for the next predetermined time is calculated.
- the control unit 23 may be supplied with the video encoding difficulty (the magnitude of the prediction residual of the motion vector prediction, the magnitude of the quantization scale of the DCT coefficient, etc.) from the encoder. If possible, a higher quality variable bit rate can be realized. That is, control is performed such that the higher the video coding difficulty level, the larger the amount of coded bits allocated to video per predetermined time.
- the video encoder 115 inputs the video stream to the multiplexer 16.
- the audio stream and system information (S) such as AV synchronization are also input to the multiplexer 16.
- the flow of the audio input encoding process and the system information (S) such as AV synchronization are the same as those described in FIG.
- the multiplexer 16 multiplexes the video and audio streams into a transport stream having a predetermined multiplex bit rate.
- video and audio packetization must be controlled so as not to break down the system evening decoder (T-STD) of the MPEG-2 transport stream. Due to T-STD restrictions, video access units (coded I, P, B pictures) and audio access units (audio frames) are packetized.
- the multiplexer 16 performs multiplexing so as not to generate a null packet (a packet having a packet ID of OxlFFF). Due to this multiplexing control, the time interval between successive transport packets becomes irregular, and packets occur intermittently.
- the transport packet output from the multiplexer 16 is input to the source packetizer 19.
- the source packetizer 19 adds an arrival time stamp to each transport packet and converts it into a source packet. Then, the source stream string is left-justified, and an AV stream file is generated.
- the AV stream file is recorded on the recording medium through the processing of the ECC encoding unit 20 as described with reference to FIG.
- 5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of recording an AV stream by performing bit rate encoding.
- step S20 the control unit 23 sets the multiplex bit rate TS_recording-rate of the transport stream and the average bit rate of video encoding.
- the average bit rate of video coding is a value obtained by subtracting a constant bit rate of audio coding and a bit rate of over-multiplexing from TS_average_rate.
- TS_average-rate is determined to a predetermined value by the application of the recorder (LP, SP mode, etc.).
- TS_recording_rate is a value greater than the maximum bit rate of variable bit rate coding of video plus the fixed bit rate of audio coding and the bit rate of multiplexing overhead.
- step S21 the control unit 23 encodes the video stream so as to encode the video stream at a variable bit rate so that a predetermined average bit rate is guaranteed at predetermined time intervals. Control one.
- step S22 the control unit 23 controls the multiplexer 16 so as not to generate a null packet when there is no elementary stream to be transported.
- the control unit 23 controls the multiplexer 16 so as not to generate a null packet when there is no elementary stream to be transported.
- step S23 the control unit 23 controls the source packet analyzer 19 so as to add an arrival time stamp to each transport packet and to convert the source packet into a source packet. Control to record as AV stream file.
- VBV Vide 0 Buffering Verifier
- the MPEG video encoder must encode the video stream for VBV to work properly. This limits the encoding method (mainly the quantization control and the bit amount of the picture).
- the buffer that VBV has is called a VBV buffer. This is the minimum required buffer size in theory for a real decoder. In the case of the MPEG 2 main profile main level, the VBV buffer size is 1.75 Mbits.
- FIG. 101 In general, the method shown in FIG. 101 is widely known for VBV of MPEG at a variable bit rate. That is, in FIG. 101, when the VB V buffer has a free space, the input bit rate to the buffer is the maximum bit rate of VBR (Variable Bit Rate).
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining VBV control when the bit rate of input to the buffer becomes 0 when the bit occupancy of the VBV buffer is full.
- the slope of the upward-sloping line indicates the maximum bit rate of the VBR, and when there is a vacancy in the VBV buffer, the buffer occupancy increases at the maximum bit rate of the VBR.
- the bit occupancy of the VBV buffer is full, the input bit rate to the buffer becomes 0, and the buffer occupancy does not change.
- the horizontal axis is the time axis, and T1 indicates one decoding time.
- T1 indicates one decoding time.
- the picture at the time T1 shown in the figure is instantaneously decoded, and the buffer occupancy decreases. Thereafter, in a similar manner at predetermined time intervals, the picture is decoded, and the buffer occupancy is reduced.
- the video encoder does not generate a swimming byte during the video stream.
- VB V is controlled as shown in FIG. Sand That is, at a variable bit rate that changes the bit rate every predetermined time (for example, GOP), VBV control of CBR (Constant Bit-Rate, fixed bit rate) is performed within the predetermined time.
- FIG. 102 shows VBV control in the case of CBR within a GOP (eg, a 0.5 second video sequence). That is, FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating VBV control when the input bit rate to the VBV buffer is the current G0P encoding bit rate and a scanning byte is inserted so that the VBV buffer does not overflow. .
- VBV— BUFFER_SIZE 1.75 * 1024 * 1024 bit
- gop_bit_rate Bit rate for each GOP [bit / second]
- the picture at time d1 in FIG. 102 will be described as an example.
- the bit occupancy vbvj) of the VBV buffer immediately before the VBV decodes the picture at time d 1 is obtained.
- the bit amount input at the bit rate gop_bit—rate is added to the bit occupation amount vbv—b from the time d1 to the decod time d2 of the next picture (tau).
- tmp the minimum bit amount of a picture to be coded
- min_picture_bit can be calculated from tmp and VBV_BUFFER_SIZE as follows.
- nui_stuff ing_byte (min_picture bit-gen picture_bit + 4) / 8
- the input bit rate to the VBV buffer is set to the code of the current GOP.
- the video encoder generates a scanning byte so that the VBV buffer does not overflow.
- the VBV control shown in FIG. 102 is a concept of the present invention, in which the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is within a predetermined error range as shown in FIG. It is effective to guarantee that it is proportional to When the VBV control shown in FIG. 101 is used, if there is a long-time still image in the input video, the relationship of FIG. 103 cannot be guaranteed. That is, since the amount of information in a still image is relatively small, even if the amount of bits allocated for encoding is larger than the amount of information, the amount of bits actually generated by encoding is saturated to a relatively small value. .
- the relationship between the time lapse of the A stream and the amount of data bits of the AV stream is not proportional, as shown in FIG.
- the VBV control shown in FIG. 102 the input video to the VBV buffer is controlled for the purpose of controlling the video encoder to use the bit amount allocated to the video for a predetermined time.
- the rate is the current GOP coding bit trade, and the video encoder generates a scanning byte so that the VBV buffer does not overflow, so the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is As shown in FIG. 103, it can be guaranteed that the values are approximately proportional within a predetermined error range.
- FIG. 105 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the video variable bit rate control process in the above-described process of step S21 in FIG. 01/82605 I
- step S200 the initial value SV1 is set in the VBR margin sv_now.
- the VBR margin sv_now is The control is performed so that the maximum value becomes SVMAX from 0.
- the average coding bit rate of the video is the value determined in step S20 in FIG. 99 (see FIG. 107).
- step S201 it is checked whether or not the following inequality holds in c step S202 in which the allocation map b_alloc of the current GOP is calculated.
- step Si This step Si; ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ It is a check to see if the VBR margin becomes negative.
- b-av is the average value of the allocated bit amount of GOP; i encoding, which is calculated from the average encoding bit rate of video. Assuming that the time length of the GOP is 0.5: I, b_av is the following value.
- step S202 If Yes in step S202, the process proceeds to step S203. If No in step S02, the process proceeds to step S204, b_alloc is set to b_av, and the process proceeds to step ': 205.
- step S203 it is checked whether the following inequality holds.
- This step :: 1 checks whether the VBR margin does not exceed the maximum value SVMAX.
- step S203 the process proceeds to step S205. If No in step 03, the process proceeds to step S204, where b_alloc is set to b_av, and the process proceeds to steps 205 and 205.
- step S205 the current GOP is encoded. Then, the current G is encoded with the allocated bit amount b-alloc, and the VB V control at that time is as follows: the input bit rate to the V: E buffer is set to the coding bit rate of the current GOP, and V r Control to insert stuffing bytes so that the buffer does not overflow. Details of this processing will be described with reference to FIG.
- step S206 the margin sv_now of VBR is updated as in the following equation.
- b_gen is the current G ⁇ P encoded bit amount obtained as a result of encoding the current G0P in step S205.
- step S207 it is checked whether the current GOP is the last GOP. If Yes in step S207, the process ends. If No in step S207, the process returns to step S201.
- FIG. 106 is a flowchart illustrating details of the VBV control process in the process of step S205 in FIG. 105 described above.
- step S300 the coded bit amount allocated to the current GOP is converted into a coded bit rate gopjDit-rate as in the following equation.
- gop—bit—rate b—alloc / (15 / 29.97)
- step S301 the minimum bit amount min_picture1 bit of the picture currently coded in the current GOP is calculated by the following equation.
- iin_picture_bit tip-VBV_BUFFER_SIZE
- vbvj is the bit occupancy of the VBV buffer immediately before the VBV decodes the picture to be currently encoded (see FIG. 102).
- tau is the difference between the decoding time of the picture to be currently encoded and the decoding time of the next picture (see Fig. 102).
- VBV—BUFFER—SIZE is the VBV buffer size, which is 1.75 Mbit for MPEG 2 MP @ ML.
- step S302 the current picture is encoded, and the generated bit amount gen_picture—bit is obtained.
- step S303 the following inequality is checked.
- step S303 If Yes in step S303, the process proceeds to step S304. Step S 3 If No in 03, go to step S305.
- step S304 the video encoder currently encodes the num-stuffing-byte number of bytes after the currently encoded picture, and appends them to the end of the encoded picture (Fig. 102). See).
- num_stufnng_byte (min_picture_t) it-gen_picture_bit + 4) / 8
- step S305 it is checked whether or not the picture is the last picture of GOP. In step S305, in the case of Yes, the process ends. If No in step S305, the process returns to step S301.
- the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is within a predetermined error range. Can be guaranteed to be proportional within By this means, if a stream is partially erased for a certain time of the stream, it is possible to guarantee that an empty area recordable at the bit rate indicated by TS_average_rate of the stream can be created on the disk for the erased time.
- the AV stream therein generally has a variable bit rate. In general, it is not guaranteed that the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is proportional. In this case, when the AV stream is transparently recorded and the Cl ip is created, Set time_control led — flag to 0
- the video stream is set to be equal to or less than a predetermined average bit rate for each predetermined time interval set in advance.
- encoding is performed at a variable bit rate. This is because the VBV control of video coding, as explained in FIG. If there is room in the buffer, set the input bit rate to the buffer to the maximum bit rate of the Variable Bit Rate, and if the bit occupancy of the VB V buffer is full, input the bit rate to the buffer. This is the case when the trait is set to 0.
- the recording method of the AV stream in this case will be described with reference to FIG. 108 and FIG.
- 5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of recording an AV stream.
- step S400 Except for step S400, it is the same as FIG. 99.
- step S400 the video encoder 1515 is controlled so that the video stream is encoded at a variable bit rate such that the video stream is equal to or less than a predetermined average bit rate for each predetermined time interval.
- FIG. 109 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the video variable bit rate control process in the process of step S400 in FIG. 108 described above.
- step S500 the initial value SV1 is set in the margin sv_now of VBR.
- the variable bit rate control is performed such that the VBR margin sv_now does not become a negative value.
- step S501 an allocation allocation b_alloc of the current GOP is calculated.
- step S502 it is checked whether the following inequality holds. This step S is a check to determine whether or not the excess amount of VBR becomes negative.
- ID-av is the average value of the allocated bit amount of encoding per GOP, calculated from the average encoding bit rate of video. Assuming that the time length of the GOP is 0.5 seconds, b_av is the following value.
- step S502 the process proceeds to step S504. If No in step S502, the process advances to step S504 to set b_alloc to b_av, and the process advances to step S504.
- step S504 the current GOP is entered. And the current GO P Is encoded by the allocated bit amount b_alloc, and the VBV control at that time is based on VBV (Variable Bit-Rate) when the VBV buffer has free space.
- VBV Very Bit-Rate
- VBV control is performed to set the input bit rate to the buffer to 0 (see FIG. 101).
- a video byte is not encoded with a short byte.
- step S505 the VBR margin sv_now is updated as in the following equation.
- b_gen is the encoded bit amount of the current GOP obtained as a result of encoding the current GOP in step S504.
- step S506 it is checked whether the current GOP is the last G ⁇ P. If Yes in step S 506, the process ends. If No in step S506, the process returns to step S501.
- the relationship between the elapsed time of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is proportional within a predetermined error range. For example, if there is a long-time still image in the input video, the relationship between the time lapse of the stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is as shown in FIG. That is, since the amount of information in a still image is relatively small, even if the amount of bits allocated for encoding is larger than the amount of information, the amount of bits actually generated by encoding is saturated to a relatively small value. . Therefore, in this case, the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is not uniform.
- the input bit rate to the VBV buffer is the current encoding bit rate of the GOP, and the VBV buffer does not overflow. If the video encoder is controlled so as to generate stuffing bytes, it can be ensured that the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is substantially proportional within a predetermined error range.
- the relationship between the elapsed time of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream Is the encoding mode (time—conti> oI
- time—conti> oI As a method of easily realizing this, it is conceivable to record a transport stream of a constant bit rate by inserting a null packet when multiplexing the transport stream.
- This is an encoding method mainly used for tape recording media (D-VHS, etc.).
- a null packet is a transport packet whose packet ID (PID) is set to Ox1FFF and has no meaning as information.
- FIG. 110 encodes a transport stream of a predetermined constant bit rate, thereby estimating the time lapse of the AV stream and the data stream of the AV stream.
- the flowchart of the encoding mode which guarantees that the relationship with the amount of bytes is proportional is shown.
- step S600 the multiplex bit rate of the transport stream and the bit rate of the video encoding are set.
- step S601 the video stream is set to a predetermined constant bit rate, or Encode at the bit rate or less.
- step S602 when there is no elementary stream to be converted into a transport packet, a null packet (a transport packet having no meaning as information) is generated and multiplexed, and a predetermined constant Encode a multiplex bit rate transport stream.
- a null packet a transport packet having no meaning as information
- step S603 an arrival time stamp is added to each transport packet to make a source packet. Record the source packet on the recording medium.
- the time—control led_flag of the Cl ip is set to 1.
- this method uses a null packet and does not efficiently use code bits for video encoding, there is a problem that the video quality is inferior to the encoding method of FIG. Is described in detail in, for example, the section of the prior art in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-22027). Therefore, the recording method of FIG. 110 is not recommended in the present invention.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of an original AV stream file and an AV stream file after editing to delete a stream in a partial playback range of the original stream.
- the Virtual PlayList points to IN-time and 0UT_time on the original AV stream.
- an edit minimize edit
- the data from the beginning of the original AV stream to point X and the data from point Y to end are erased.
- FIG. 112 is a diagram for explaining a method of deleting unnecessary data before the IN point without analyzing the contents of the AV stream.
- PlayList points to the IN point on the original AV stream.
- EPjnap of the AV stream is shown.
- RSPN_EP_start PTS for ISA1 is ptsl
- RSPN_EP—start PTS for ISA2 is pts2. If the time difference between the system timings of ptsl and pts2 is 100 ms or more, there are PAT, PMT and PCR packets between addresses ISA1 and ISA2 (at least for SESF, DVB, ATSC and ISDB). is there) .
- the X point is determined before address ISA1. And the X point must be the boundary of the alignment unit.
- the recorder can determine the X point in the next step using the EP_map without analyzing the contents of the AV stream.
- This method reads the data of the AV stream to determine the X point, It is simple because it does not need to analyze the contents. However, the edited AV stream may leave unnecessary data for playback of the PlayList. If the data of the AV stream is read to determine the X point and its contents are analyzed, data unnecessary for playing the PlayList can be deleted more efficiently.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a method of erasing unnecessary data after the OUT point without analyzing the contents of the AV stream.
- PlayList points to the OUT point on the original AV stream. Also, the EPjnap of the AV stream is shown.
- SPN_EP_start The video sequence starting from ISA4 is assumed to be as follows.
- I, P, and B represent an I picture, a P picture, and a B picture, respectively.
- the numbers represent the display order.
- the recording device does not analyze the contents of the AV stream, the recording device does not know the picture information (picture coding type, temporal reference, etc.) referenced by the PTS of 0UT_time. 0
- the PTS of the UT_tiine may refer to picture B0 or B1 (if the recording device does not-analyze the contents of the AV stream, this is not known). In this case, the picture B0, B1 I 2 is needed to decode.
- PTS of 2 is greater than PTS of OUT time (0UT_time ⁇ pts4, where pts4 is I2: PTS) (PTS of I 2 is greater than OUT-time PTS, but B 0, B 1 is needed for l.
- the Y point is determined after the address ISA5 shown in the figure.
- ISA5 is the value of SPN_EP—start immediately after ISA4 in EP_map.
- the Y point must also be at the boundary of the alignment unit.
- the recording device can determine the Y point in the next step using EPjaap without analyzing the contents of the AV stream.
- This method is simple because it does not need to read the data of the AV stream to determine the Y point and analyze its contents. However, the edited AV stream may leave unnecessary data for playing the PlayList. If the data in the AV stream is read to determine the Y point and its contents are analyzed, data unnecessary for playback of the PlayList can be deleted more efficiently.
- an operation example of creating an EP_map will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. This process is performed by the multiplexed stream analyzer 18 of the recording / reproducing apparatus shown in FIG.
- step S11 the stream analysis unit 18 sets the PID of the video of the AV program to be recorded. If the transport stream contains more than one video, set the video PID for each.
- step S12 the stream analyzer 18 receives a video transport packet.
- step S13 the stream analysis unit checks whether the payload of the transport packet (the data portion following the packet header) starts from the first byte of the PES packet (PES packet). Is a packet specified by MPEG2, which is used to packetize the elementary stream.) This can be seen by examining the value of the "payload_unit_start-indicator" in the transport packet header, and if this value is 1, the transport packet payload will be broken from the first byte of the PES packet. Start. If No in step S13, the process returns to step S12. If Yes, the process proceeds to step S14.
- PES packet the data portion following the packet header
- step S14 the stream analysis unit determines whether the payload of the PES packet starts to splatter from the first byte of the MPEG video sequence_header_code (32-bit length code "0 ⁇ 00 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3"). Find out. If No in step S14, return to step S12. If Yes, go to step S15.
- step S15 the current transport packet is set as an entry point.
- step S16 the stream analysis unit determines the packet number of the above packet. Then, the PTS of the I picture starting from the sequencejieade code and the PID of the video to which the entry point belongs are obtained, and input to the control unit 23. The control unit 23 creates EPjnap.
- step S17 it is determined whether or not the current packet is the last input transport packet. If it is not the last packet, the process returns to step S12. If it is the last packet, the processing ends.
- the above-described series of processing can be executed by hardware, but can also be executed by software.
- various functions must be executed by installing a computer in which the programs constituting the software are incorporated in dedicated hardware, or by installing various programs. It can be installed from a recording medium, for example, at a general-purpose personal computer.
- this recording medium is a magnetic disk 221 (including a floppy disk) on which the program is written, which is distributed to provide the program to the user separately from the computer.
- Optical disk 22 including CD-ROM (Compact Disk-Read Only Memory), DVD (Digital Versatile Disk)), magneto-optical disk 22 (including MD (Mini-Disk)), or semiconductor memory
- a package medium consisting of 222 and the like, but also a ROM 202 and a storage unit 208 that store programs that are provided to the user in a state of being pre-installed in the computer. It consists of a hard disk included.
- step S describing a program provided by a medium may be performed in a chronological order according to the described order. It also includes processes that are executed individually.
- a system refers to an entire device including a plurality of devices.
- Industrial applicability As described above, when encoding and recording an AV stream, time_controlled_flag and TS_average_rate are recorded as attribute information of the AV stream. When the time_control led flag is set to 1, it is guaranteed that the relationship between the time lapse of the AV stream and the amount of data bytes of the AV stream is proportional within a predetermined error.
- TS_average_rate represents the average bit rate of an AV stream file (transport stream) in units of bytes / second.
- TS_average_rate is determined to a predetermined value by the application of the recorder. For example, the value of TS-ave rage-rate for each mode is determined according to the recording mode such as long-time recording mode (LP mode), standard recording mode (SP mode), and high-quality recording mode (HQ mode).
- time_control_flag of the AV stream file is set to 1
- the bit indicated by TS_average_rate of the stream for the erased time This guarantees that there is enough free space available on the disc for recording at the rate. For example, if a stream is partially erased by a certain amount of an AV stream file in the SP mode, it is possible to create free space on the disk that can be recorded in the same SP mode for the erased time.
- VBV Video Buffering Verifier
- the VBV control of the MPEG video encoding is performed so that the input bit rate to the VBV buffer is the current bit rate for the purpose of controlling the video encoder to use the bit amount allocated to the video for a predetermined time.
- This is an encoding bit rate, and causes the video encoder to generate a swimming byte so that the VBV buffer does not overflow.
- An arrival time stamp is added to each transport packet to make a source packet, and the source packet row is left-justified and recorded as an AV stream file.
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Description
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EP01921962A EP1198132A4 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2001-04-20 | CODING DEVICE AND METHOD, RECORDING MEDIUM AND PROGRAM |
MXPA01013110A MXPA01013110A (es) | 2000-04-21 | 2001-04-20 | Dispositivo codificador y metodo, medio de registro y programa. |
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PCT/JP2001/003412 WO2001082605A1 (en) | 2000-04-21 | 2001-04-20 | Encoding device and method, recorded medium, and program |
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US (2) | US7646967B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1198132A4 (ja) |
JP (4) | JP5008161B2 (ja) |
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CN (3) | CN101867835B (ja) |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1316959A2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-04 | Victor Company of Japan, Ltd. | After-recording apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1199446C (zh) | 2005-04-27 |
US7646967B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
JP2012191658A (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
KR20020026195A (ko) | 2002-04-06 |
US8634700B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
EP2546833A3 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
MXPA01013110A (es) | 2002-06-04 |
EP1198132A1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
CN101867835B (zh) | 2013-09-11 |
JP5047371B2 (ja) | 2012-10-10 |
CN1383677A (zh) | 2002-12-04 |
EP2546833A2 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
KR20020022135A (ko) | 2002-03-25 |
JP5500398B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
KR100821019B1 (ko) | 2008-04-08 |
WO2001082604A1 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
JP2011135589A (ja) | 2011-07-07 |
JP2011050082A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
US20030103604A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
JP5008160B2 (ja) | 2012-08-22 |
CN101867835A (zh) | 2010-10-20 |
EP1198132A4 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
US20100080534A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
CN1383678A (zh) | 2002-12-04 |
JP2011050081A (ja) | 2011-03-10 |
JP5008161B2 (ja) | 2012-08-22 |
KR100806432B1 (ko) | 2008-02-21 |
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