WO2001081273A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben eines antriebes - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben eines antriebes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001081273A1 WO2001081273A1 PCT/DE2001/001544 DE0101544W WO0181273A1 WO 2001081273 A1 WO2001081273 A1 WO 2001081273A1 DE 0101544 W DE0101544 W DE 0101544W WO 0181273 A1 WO0181273 A1 WO 0181273A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- reaction
- compounds
- nitrogen
- subgroup element
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/02—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase the components comprising a binary propellant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/30—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/08—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/10—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of solids with liquids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a drive, in particular a missile drive or shaft drive, in which nitrogen and / or nitrogen compounds are reacted with silicon and / or silicon compounds in a reaction chamber to form silicon nitride, and the energy released in the process is used Operating the drive is used.
- silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) predominantly formed by the Stic material burning process is a much higher molecule lar weight than the carbon dioxide generated in jet turbines, a particularly good efficiency of the drive is achieved.
- Nitrogen is also available in large quantities, so that overall there is a high degree of efficiency at low costs.
- Nitrogen is considered an inert gas and only reacts with silicon powder above 1100 ° C according to the following equation
- Si 3 N 4 It is also known to produce Si 3 N 4 by heating silicon powder to 1250-1450 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a method of the type described, which delivers a particularly high energy yield with a simple and rapid process.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in a process of the type specified in that the nitrogen in the air and / or nitrogen compounds supplied are reacted with silicon and / or silicon compounds in a reaction chamber with the aid of a subgroup element or subgroup element oxide and silicon nitride is released and the resulting mixture is released Energy is used to operate the drive.
- Subgroup elements here mean the corresponding elements of the subgroups of the periodic table of the elements.
- Subgroup element oxides are the oxides of it. Particularly good results can be achieved here with the elements of the subgroup of group I, namely Cu, Ag, Au, the use of copper or copper oxide (CuO) leading to particularly good results.
- subgroup element or subgroup element oxide used acts as an initiator, activator or catalyst.
- the presence of the subgroup element or subgroup element oxide leads to a reaction of the silicon or the silicon compound with nitrogen to give silicon nitride, this reaction being associated with a rapid rise in temperature (exothermic reaction sequence), which leads to the desired particularly high energy yield.
- a rapid rise in temperature in the reaction chamber to 1000 ° C. and more was observed.
- the subgroup element or subgroup element oxide is also preferably used in powder form, expediently as a mixture with the powder of silicon and / or the silicon compound.
- the silicon and / or the silicon compounds are fertilized as with the sub-group element or sub-group Powder coated with element oxide.
- a powder of silicon and / or a silicon compound with an activated surface is expediently used.
- the reaction with the subgroup element or subgroup element oxide is initiated in a first stage, in particular by external heating and / or by carrying out an exothermic pre-reaction.
- a preliminary reaction can be carried out with chloromethane, the reaction of silicon and chloromethane generating sufficient adiabatic heat to start the reaction of silicon with the subgroup element or subgroup element oxide.
- a mixture of silicon and / or a silicon compound and the subgroup element or subgroup element oxide is used only as an ignition mixture in the reactor, since the reaction of silicon with N 2 generates sufficient heat to be self-sustaining.
- the powder mixture used is largely impermeable to gas due to the small particle size, so that the nitrogen introduced into the reaction chamber is only pressed on as a gas and a reaction front runs through the reaction chamber.
- Another variant of the process according to the invention provides that the reaction mixture is made available (prepared) in porous form and the nitrogen gas is passed through the mixture (bed). This procedure has advantages in reactor cooling and enables the use of gas mixtures (nitrogen and inert gas) to control the heat generated by the reaction.
- Nitrogen gas is preferably used in the method according to the invention.
- very low initial temperatures approximately 100-300 ° C.
- nitrogen-containing mixtures or nitrogen compounds can also be used if the desired course of the reaction with silicon is thereby achieved under the initiating, activating or catalyzing action of the added sub-group element or sub-group element oxide.
- Copper or copper oxide is preferably used as the sub-group element or sub-group element oxide, copper oxide (CuO) being particularly preferred.
- silanes When using silicon compounds, preference is given to using silicon hydrogen compounds, in particular silanes, especially silane oils, preferably those with a chain length of Si 5 H 12 to S1QH 2Q .
- silanes have the consistency of paraffin oils and can be manufactured on an industrial scale. They can be pumped so that they can be fed to a suitable reaction chamber without problems.
- the hydrogen of the silicon-hydrogen compounds is expediently burned to water in order to generate high temperatures in the presence of an oxygen-supplying oxidizing agent, whereupon the reaction of the nitrogen with the silicon takes place with the aid of the sub-group element or sub-group element oxide.
- Silicides can also be used as silicon compounds.
- silanes In order to allow the nitrogen to react with the silicon of silicon hydride compounds, in particular silanes, it can be advantageous to add elemental silicon to the silicon hydride compound used, which is also reacted with the nitrogen with the aid of the element or oxide used. In addition to elemental silicon, silicides can also be added for this purpose.
- Si and / or Si compounds with high energy yield can thus be converted to silicon nitride in an accelerated manner.
- the energy released in this reaction can be used to operate drives, for example missile drives, such as rocket drives, shaft drives, etc.
- drives are described in the prior art mentioned at the outset and are no longer discussed in detail here. The disclosure of this prior art is hereby fully incorporated into the present application.
- the effect of the subgroup element or oxide can be increased by promoters, such as zinc, zinc compounds.
- promoters such as zinc, zinc compounds.
- the above-described reaction of silicon hydrides with nitrogen can also be carried out with substituted silanes.
- the technically easily produced tetramethylsilane (CH 3 ) 4 Si could be reacted with nitrogen.
- Silicon or silicon hydride compounds can also be admixed with or incorporated into other conventional fuels in order to contribute to an increase in performance through the reaction with nitrogen described above.
- silicon atoms can be built into the chemical molecular structure of the carbon gasoline, for which the above-mentioned tetramethylsilane could be used.
- Silicon-containing (silane-containing) gasolines can also be used in ceramic engines with high operating temperatures.
- their inner walls and mechanical elements may even with silicon nitride, silicon carbide or the like coated, the liquid / gaseous combustion product silicon nitride could function as a lubricant, which gets into the system through the combustion itself and is therefore always sufficiently available.
- Nitrogen gas is preferably used to carry out the method according to the invention.
- mixtures of nitrogen and other gases can also be used, with air (atmospheric air) naturally being particularly preferred because of its availability.
- air atmospheric air
- ferrosilicon can also be used.
- shaft drive is intended to cover any motors, turbines, etc., for example also Stirling engines and turbine engines.
- the "missile engines” include in particular rocket engines.
- An important aspect of the process according to the invention is that the process is essentially C0 2 - and NO ⁇ - free, since essentially only silicon nitride is obtained as the starting product.
- the process works with a particularly high degree of efficiency.
- the current environmental problems that are caused by conventional drive methods are therefore eliminated with the method according to the invention.
- Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that the silicon nitride obtained can be used as a starting product for further processes.
- the subgroup element or subgroup element oxide used activates the silicon. However, it cannot be ruled out that this element or oxide instead or additionally causes an activation of the nitrogen so that it can react appropriately with the silicon. In any case, the invention includes both options. The invention is explained in detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.
- Silicon powder (grain size 15-25 ⁇ m) with an activated surface is mixed with 30% CuO in a metal or
- the upstream reaction with chloromethane can be replaced by intensive external heating, since it only supplies heat that can start the reaction with copper oxide. This happens with activated silicon at 190 ° C
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01933628A EP1284946A1 (de) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines antriebes |
DE10191543T DE10191543D2 (de) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebes |
AU60069/01A AU6006901A (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | Method for powering a drive |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10020363A DE10020363A1 (de) | 2000-04-26 | 2000-04-26 | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebes |
DE10020363.9 | 2000-04-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001081273A1 true WO2001081273A1 (de) | 2001-11-01 |
Family
ID=7639949
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/001544 WO2001081273A1 (de) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-24 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines antriebes |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030089823A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1284946A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU6006901A (de) |
DE (2) | DE10020363A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001081273A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1452578A1 (de) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-01 | von Görtz & Finger Techn. Entwicklungs Ges.m.b.H. | Verfahren zur Reduzierung des Stickstoffgehaltes in Brenngasen |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101070204B1 (ko) * | 2006-02-01 | 2011-10-06 | 자이단호진 고쿠사이카가쿠 신고우자이단 | 반도체 장치의 제조 방법 및 반도체 표면의 마이크로러프니스 저감 방법 |
SE532026C2 (sv) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-10-06 | Totalfoersvarets Forskningsinstitut | Sätt att öka brinnhastighet, antändbarhet och kemisk stabilitet hos ett energetiskt bränsle samt energetiskt bränsle |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4437524A1 (de) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-04-25 | Kunkel Klaus Dr Ing | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines nach dem Rückstoßprinzip arbeitenden Antriebes eines Flugkörpers sowie Flugkörperantrieb |
WO1996014504A1 (de) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-17 | Klaus Kunkel | Diskusförmiger flugkörper für extrem hohe geschwindigkeiten |
DE19612507A1 (de) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-02 | Kunkel Klaus | Verfahren zum Antreiben einer Welle und Antrieb hierfür |
-
2000
- 2000-04-26 DE DE10020363A patent/DE10020363A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-04-24 AU AU60069/01A patent/AU6006901A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-24 DE DE10191543T patent/DE10191543D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-04-24 WO PCT/DE2001/001544 patent/WO2001081273A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-24 EP EP01933628A patent/EP1284946A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-04-24 US US10/258,761 patent/US20030089823A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4437524A1 (de) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-04-25 | Kunkel Klaus Dr Ing | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines nach dem Rückstoßprinzip arbeitenden Antriebes eines Flugkörpers sowie Flugkörperantrieb |
US5775096A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1998-07-07 | Plichta; Peter | Process for operating a reaction-type missile propulsion system and missile propulsion system |
WO1996014504A1 (de) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-17 | Klaus Kunkel | Diskusförmiger flugkörper für extrem hohe geschwindigkeiten |
DE19612507A1 (de) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-02 | Kunkel Klaus | Verfahren zum Antreiben einer Welle und Antrieb hierfür |
WO1997037115A1 (de) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-09 | Kunkel, Klaus | Verfahren zum betreiben einer gasturbine mit silanöl als brennstoff |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1452578A1 (de) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-01 | von Görtz & Finger Techn. Entwicklungs Ges.m.b.H. | Verfahren zur Reduzierung des Stickstoffgehaltes in Brenngasen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6006901A (en) | 2001-11-07 |
EP1284946A1 (de) | 2003-02-26 |
DE10020363A1 (de) | 2001-10-31 |
US20030089823A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
DE10191543D2 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1157968B2 (de) | Verfahren zur autothermen, katalytischen Dampfreformierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen | |
EP2507171A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von hydriertem polygermasilan und hydriertes polygermasilan | |
DE3733176C2 (de) | ||
WO2001081273A1 (de) | Verfahren zum betreiben eines antriebes | |
EP0735991B1 (de) | Verfahren zum betreiben eines nach dem rückstossprinzip arbeitenden antriebes eines flugkörpers sowie flugkörperantrieb | |
DE10243250A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Wasserdampf, insbesondere Reinstwasserdampf sowie Dampferzeuger | |
WO2002026625A2 (de) | Neuartiges konzept zur energieerzeugung über einen anorganischen stickstoff-zyklus, ausgehend vom grundstoff sand unter erzeugung höherer silane | |
DE3877808T2 (de) | Eisenoxidkatalysator und dessen herstellung. | |
EP0008745B1 (de) | Trägerloser Metallkatalysator zur russfreien partiellen Oxidation von flüssigen Kohlenwasserstoffen mit Luft | |
EP1162183A1 (de) | Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren | |
DE19612507C2 (de) | Verfahren zum Antreiben einer Welle und Antrieb hierfür | |
EP1294639A1 (de) | Verfahren zur gewinnung von siliciumnitrid | |
DE977724C (de) | Feststofftreibsatz | |
DE2404492A1 (de) | Verfahren zur verbrennung von ammoniak und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens | |
Miyake et al. | Thermal decomposition behaviors of ammonium nitrate and carbon mixtures | |
DE2052543C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acetylen-Aethylen-Gemischen | |
Singh et al. | Studies on energetic compounds Part 43: Effect of some BEMP complexes on the combustion and condensed phase thermolysis of HTPB-AP composite solid propellants | |
EP2662350B1 (de) | Gasgenerator-Treibstoff | |
DE10230402A1 (de) | Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung | |
CN116023198B (zh) | 一种铝热剂/钙钛矿含能化合物复合材料及其制备方法 | |
DE953108C (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von brennbaren Gasen aus gasfoermigen oder fluessigen Kohlenwasserstoffen | |
DE234793C (de) | ||
DE10039751A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Siliciumnitrid | |
DE1190445B (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cyanwasserstoff und Nitrilen | |
DEK0020640MA (de) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10258761 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2001933628 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2001933628 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REF | Corresponds to |
Ref document number: 10191543 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20030417 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10191543 Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 2001933628 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |