WO2001036326A1 - Charbons actifs et leur procede d'obtention a partir d'un brai partiellement mesophase et partiellement mesogene - Google Patents
Charbons actifs et leur procede d'obtention a partir d'un brai partiellement mesophase et partiellement mesogene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001036326A1 WO2001036326A1 PCT/FR2000/003204 FR0003204W WO0136326A1 WO 2001036326 A1 WO2001036326 A1 WO 2001036326A1 FR 0003204 W FR0003204 W FR 0003204W WO 0136326 A1 WO0136326 A1 WO 0136326A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pitch
- approximately
- partially
- resins
- activated carbon
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011340 mesogenic pitch Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 113
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000721 bacterilogical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 tire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007158 vacuum pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28071—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being less than 0.5 ml/g
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D5/00—Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28073—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being in the range 0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/2808—Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/33—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from distillation residues of coal or petroleum; from petroleum acid sludge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/20—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to active carbon.
- microporous structure which determines the adsorption properties defined by two main parameters which are:
- the pores are classified into three categories, according to their sizes:
- microporous volume is generally desired to be the greatest, although each of the applications calls upon active carbon whose characteristics differ.
- active carbon For the storage of gas, preference will be given to active carbon with a high microporous volume, having large micropore sizes and a low level of mesopores since the gas is stored in the latter in the gaseous phase.
- the inventors therefore set out to find new methods for synthesizing active carbon, in order to obtain products having particular properties, in these applications.
- the present invention therefore relates to a process for obtaining active charcoals from a partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch containing less than about 40%, and preferably less than 30%, of ⁇ -type resins, more approximately 40%, and preferably more than 50%, of ⁇ -type resins and between approximately 5 and 30% of ⁇ -type resins, comprising the activation of such a pitch, possibly preceded by its charring.
- ⁇ resins is meant resins insoluble in toluene and in quinoline, by resins of ⁇ type resins insoluble in toluene but soluble in quinoline and by resins of type ⁇ resins soluble in toluene and in quinoline.
- the percentages (%) of the different resins are expressed relative to the total weight of all the resins.
- the present invention more particularly relates to a process for obtaining active carbon from a partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch containing less than about 40%, and preferably less than 30%, of ⁇ type resins, more d '' approximately 40%, and preferably more than 50%, of ⁇ -type resins and between approximately 5 and 30% of ⁇ -type resins comprising the following steps:
- the present invention further relates to a process for obtaining active carbon from a partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch containing less than about 40%, and preferably less than 30%, of ⁇ -type resins, more '' approximately 40%, and preferably more than 50%, of ⁇ -type resins and between approximately 5 and 30% of ⁇ -type resins comprising the following steps:
- the partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch contains between approximately 1 0 and 35% of ⁇ type resins, between approximately 50 and 70% of ⁇ type resins and between approximately 1 0 and 25 % of ⁇ type resins.
- Another object of the present invention is a process for obtaining active carbon from a partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch containing approximately 25 and 40%, and preferably between 30 and 35%, of ⁇ -type resins, between approximately 40 and 60%, and preferably between 45 and 55%, of ⁇ -type resins and between approximately 15 and 30%, and preferably between 20 and 30% of ⁇ -type resins comprising the following steps:
- the partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch is obtained by selective extraction, ⁇ -type resins not polymerized in toluene, from a pitch containing such resins. It is then a polyaromatic fraction.
- the partially mesophase and partially mesogenated pitch is obtained by distillation of the unpolymerized ⁇ resins, from a pitch containing such resins.
- the partially mesophase and partially mesogenated pitch is obtained by bubbling air within a pitch containing ⁇ -type resins.
- the driving pitches. to partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch may be petroleum, coal, tire, wood, vacuum pyrolysis, or other waste. They may however be any other pitch, or other chemical material having an aromatic potential, allowing active carbon to be obtained which meets the needs expressed above.
- the present invention also relates to a partially mesophase and partially mesogenous pitch containing between approximately 25 and 40%, and preferably between 30 and 35%, of ⁇ -type resins, between approximately 40 and 60%, and preferentially between 45 and 55 %, of ⁇ -type resins and between approximately 15 and 30%, and preferably between 20 and 30% of ⁇ -type resins.
- Such activated carbon can be characterized in that at least
- 80%, and preferably 90% of the micropores have, a size between approximately 0, 10 and 0.60 nm, preferably. between approximately 0.25 and 0.55 nm. and a microporous volume of between approximately 0.10 and 0.30 cm 3 / g, and preferably between 0.15 and 0.25 cm 3 / g.
- This type of activated carbon has a door effect.
- Another activated carbon according to the present invention is characterized in that at least 80%, and preferably 90%, of the micropores have a size of between approximately 0.4 and 0.8 nm, preferably between approximately 0.55 and 0, 65 nm, and a microporous volume of between approximately 0.10 and 0.30 cm 3 / g, and preferably between 0.15 and 0.25 cm 3 / g.
- Yet another activated carbon is that characterized in that at least 80%, and preferably 90% of the micropores have a size of between about 0.5 and 0.9 nm and a microporous volume of between about 0.4 and 0.6 cm 3 / g.
- coals can be used as molecular sieves, and generally in filtration or separation operations.
- Also other objects of the present invention are filtration membranes and separation columns containing such coals or coals obtained by one of the methods according to the present invention.
- U na urter activated carbon according to the invention is that characterized in that at least 80%, and preferably 90%, of the micropores have a size of between approximately 0.5 and 3 nm, preferably between approximately 0.7 and 2.7 nm, and a microporous volume greater than approximately 0.8 cm 3 / g, and preferably greater than approximately 1.2 cm 3 / g. It can be used for gas storage.
- the present invention also relates to a gas storage element or a cold production element, in particular by solid / gas sorption, containing at least one activated carbon of this type, or obtained by a process according to the present invention.
- any of the active carbons according to the invention may be included as a constituent of protective materials with respect to gases containing radioactive, bacteriological - or deleterious chemical substances, such as the materials used for the manufacture of protective clothing.
- “NBC” protection Nuclear, Bacteriological and Chemical protection
- these different functions could be combined by incorporating into these protective materials at least two of the active carbons according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to a protective material with respect to gases containing radioactive, bacteriological or chemical substances comprising at least one activated carbon according to the invention.
- Figure 1 schematically summarizes the steps of the process for preparing active carbon by activation with water vapor.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the porosity of an activated carbon obtained by activation by steam.
- FIG. 3 schematically summarizes the steps of the process for the preparation of active carbon by activation with carbon dioxide.
- Figure 4 illustrates the porosity of an activated carbon obtained by activation with carbon dioxide.
- FIG. 5 schematically summarizes the steps of the process for preparing active carbon by activation with potash.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the porosity of an activated carbon obtained by activation with potassium hydroxide for an impregnation rate of 1/1 having a pore size of 0.7 nm and a microporous volume of 0.5 cm 3 / g.
- the precursor used here is an untreated coal pitch of composition ⁇ 1 1% ⁇ 16% ⁇ 73% and a softening point of
- a mature pitch is - thus obtained and has a density greater than the starting pitch (1.33 g / cm 3 ) following a loss of mass during the heat treatment of 5% by mass.
- the aromatic fraction is then isolated by selective extraction of the non-polymerized ⁇ resins in toluene.
- 1 00 g rammes of mature pitch, ground and sieved into particles of size less than 200 ⁇ m, are mixed with 20 liters of toluene, then filtered under vacuum. After rinsing with alcohol, the extraction residue is dried under vacuum. All extraction, filtration and drying operations are carried out at room temperature. The extraction residue obtained then has a composition ⁇ 32% ⁇ 52% ⁇ 1 6%. The overall yield from this operation is 25%.
- the extraction residue thus obtained is then heated in a tubular oven at 2 ° C / min in air (0.5 l / min) until a temperature of 280 ° C and left at this temperature for 30 minutes in order to favor oxidation reactions contributing to the crosslinking of polyaromatic molecules and obtaining an infusible material.
- the infusible material thus obtained is then carbonized under nitrogen (0.5 l / min) at 2 ° C / min up to a temperature of 900 ° C.
- the mass loss during the stabilization and carbonization stages is 20%.
- the opening and development of micropores in the carbonisate obtained by operations (1), (2) and (3) are carried out in a tubular furnace at 800 ° C. using a nitrogen gas stream ( 0.1 l / min) saturated with water vapor by bubbling in a distilled water bath thermostatically controlled at 63 ° C for a period varying from 3 to 12 hours allowing active carbon to be obtained in the rate range d '' wear from 30% to 60%.
- Figure 1 shows the steps of this process.
- the materials obtained have adsorbable volumes Wo ranging from 0.25 cm 3 / g to 0.60 cm 3 / g corresponding respectively to micropore sizes from 0.60 nm to 1.50 nm. Thus, for an activation period of 2 hours, a wear rate of 1 3% is obtained.
- the activated carbon has a homogeneously distributed pore size around 0.6 nm, as illustrated in FIG. 2 and a microporous volume of 0.2 cm 3 / g. Such activated carbon can be used as a mole
- FIG. 5 summarizes the steps in this process.
- Such an activated carbon impregnated under conditions respecting a mass ratio of 1: 1 between the precursor ex-pitch and the potash, conducted after a mass loss of 15%, to an activated carbon whose microporosity is centered on 0, 6 nm, as illustrated in FIG. 6, and of microporous volume Wo 0.5 cm 3 / g.
- the high adsorption capacity is approximately twice that of activated carbon with a similar microporous structure.
- the pitch obtained contains at this stage of the process 4% of ⁇ resins, 23.7% of ⁇ resins and 72.3% of ⁇ resins.
- This heat treatment is, from the point of view of the modification of the pitch composition, equivalent to the treatment of Example 1 (400 ° C. 5 hours), there is thus a possibility of choice between a heat treatment process with tray or a process with a thermal ramp alone.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/130,485 US7105083B1 (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Activated carbons and method for obtaining same from a partly mesophase and partly mesogenic pitch |
JP2001538284A JP2003514741A (ja) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | 活性炭並びに部分的に中間相化され且つ部分的にメソゲニック化されたピッチからの活性炭の取得方法 |
EP00981431A EP1235744A1 (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Charbons actifs et leur procede d'obtention a partir d'un brai partiellement mesophase et partiellement mesogene |
CA002392026A CA2392026A1 (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Charbons actifs et leur procede d'obtention a partir d'un brai partiellement mesophase et partiellement mesogene |
AU18683/01A AU1868301A (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Activated carbons and method for obtaining same from a partly mesophase and partly mesogenic pitch |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR99/14607 | 1999-11-19 | ||
FR9914607A FR2801297B1 (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Charbons actifs et leur procede d'obtention a partir d'un brai partiellement mesophase et partiellement mesogene |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001036326A1 true WO2001036326A1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
Family
ID=9552335
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2000/003204 WO2001036326A1 (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-17 | Charbons actifs et leur procede d'obtention a partir d'un brai partiellement mesophase et partiellement mesogene |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7105083B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1235744A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003514741A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU1868301A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2392026A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2801297B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001036326A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7132011B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2006-11-07 | Entegris, Inc. | Reactive gas filter |
CN110028067A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 广东煤基碳材料研究有限公司 | 一种超级电容活性炭及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5619367B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2014-11-05 | 関西熱化学株式会社 | 活性炭の製造方法および該製造方法により得られた活性炭を用いた電気二重層キャパシタ |
DE102011007074A1 (de) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Sgl Carbon Se | Schlicker, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Kohlenstoffformkörper |
DE102011007075A1 (de) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-11 | Sgl Carbon Se | Graphitierter Kohlenstoffformkörper geringer Wärmeleitfähigkeit, ein Verfahren sowie ein Schlicker zu dessen Herstellung |
CN106882785B (zh) * | 2017-02-27 | 2019-05-10 | 天津宝坻紫荆科技有限公司 | 一种回收淬火油用多孔碳的制备方法 |
CN110255558A (zh) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-20 | 榆林学院 | 一种利用物理化学活化法制备活性炭的方法 |
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GB1298938A (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1972-12-06 | Lancashire Tar Distillers Ltd | Active carbon |
GB1444732A (en) * | 1973-09-04 | 1976-08-04 | Shell Int Research | Production of active carbon |
FR2467177A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-17 | British Petroleum Co | Procede de fabrication de charbons actifs a surface specifique elevee a partir de brai de petrole |
US4518482A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1985-05-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Pitch for direct spinning into carbon fibers derived from a coal distillate feedstock |
US4597853A (en) * | 1982-02-23 | 1986-07-01 | Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd. | Pitch as a raw material for making carbon fibers and process for producing the same |
US4806227A (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1989-02-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Carbon black inhibition of pitch polymerization |
JPH0280315A (ja) * | 1988-09-17 | 1990-03-20 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 造粒活性炭 |
DE3938581A1 (de) * | 1989-11-21 | 1991-05-23 | Ruiter Ernest De | Filtersystem fuer gasmasken |
EP0519483A2 (fr) * | 1991-06-19 | 1992-12-23 | Morinobu Endo | Fibre de carbone activée à base de brai |
WO1994001198A1 (fr) * | 1992-07-07 | 1994-01-20 | Alfred Kärcher GmbH & Co. | Materiau textile permeable aux gaz a couches multiples de filtrage de substances chimiques toxiques |
EP0649815A1 (fr) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-26 | Westvaco Corporation | Carbones hautement microporeux et leur procédé de fabrication |
EP0701011A2 (fr) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-13 | PETOCA, Ltd | Procédé pour la préparation d'un brai isotropique contenant du nitrogène |
JPH11267244A (ja) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-10-05 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 有毒ガス用防護衣材料 |
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US4431623A (en) * | 1981-06-09 | 1984-02-14 | The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. | Process for the production of carbon fibres from petroleum pitch |
JPS58145782A (ja) * | 1982-02-23 | 1983-08-30 | Mitsubishi Oil Co Ltd | ピツチの製造法 |
JPS5982417A (ja) * | 1982-11-04 | 1984-05-12 | Mitsubishi Oil Co Ltd | 炭素繊維原料ピッチの製造方法 |
JPH05209322A (ja) * | 1991-06-19 | 1993-08-20 | Morinobu Endo | ピッチ系活性炭素繊維 |
JP2993343B2 (ja) | 1993-12-28 | 1999-12-20 | 日本電気株式会社 | 分極性電極およびその製造方法 |
JPH0873863A (ja) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-19 | Petoca:Kk | 含窒素等方性ピッチ |
-
1999
- 1999-11-19 FR FR9914607A patent/FR2801297B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-11-17 US US10/130,485 patent/US7105083B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-17 CA CA002392026A patent/CA2392026A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2000-11-17 EP EP00981431A patent/EP1235744A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-17 WO PCT/FR2000/003204 patent/WO2001036326A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2000-11-17 JP JP2001538284A patent/JP2003514741A/ja active Pending
- 2000-11-17 AU AU18683/01A patent/AU1868301A/en not_active Abandoned
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1298938A (en) * | 1968-12-24 | 1972-12-06 | Lancashire Tar Distillers Ltd | Active carbon |
GB1444732A (en) * | 1973-09-04 | 1976-08-04 | Shell Int Research | Production of active carbon |
FR2467177A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-04-17 | British Petroleum Co | Procede de fabrication de charbons actifs a surface specifique elevee a partir de brai de petrole |
US4597853A (en) * | 1982-02-23 | 1986-07-01 | Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd. | Pitch as a raw material for making carbon fibers and process for producing the same |
US4518482A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1985-05-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Pitch for direct spinning into carbon fibers derived from a coal distillate feedstock |
US4806227A (en) * | 1984-04-06 | 1989-02-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Carbon black inhibition of pitch polymerization |
JPH0280315A (ja) * | 1988-09-17 | 1990-03-20 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 造粒活性炭 |
DE3938581A1 (de) * | 1989-11-21 | 1991-05-23 | Ruiter Ernest De | Filtersystem fuer gasmasken |
EP0519483A2 (fr) * | 1991-06-19 | 1992-12-23 | Morinobu Endo | Fibre de carbone activée à base de brai |
WO1994001198A1 (fr) * | 1992-07-07 | 1994-01-20 | Alfred Kärcher GmbH & Co. | Materiau textile permeable aux gaz a couches multiples de filtrage de substances chimiques toxiques |
EP0649815A1 (fr) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-26 | Westvaco Corporation | Carbones hautement microporeux et leur procédé de fabrication |
EP0701011A2 (fr) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-03-13 | PETOCA, Ltd | Procédé pour la préparation d'un brai isotropique contenant du nitrogène |
JPH11267244A (ja) * | 1998-03-23 | 1999-10-05 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 有毒ガス用防護衣材料 |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199953, Derwent World Patents Index; Class F07, AN 1999-614065, XP002161709 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7132011B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2006-11-07 | Entegris, Inc. | Reactive gas filter |
CN110028067A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 广东煤基碳材料研究有限公司 | 一种超级电容活性炭及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2392026A1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
US7105083B1 (en) | 2006-09-12 |
FR2801297A1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
JP2003514741A (ja) | 2003-04-22 |
FR2801297B1 (fr) | 2002-02-01 |
EP1235744A1 (fr) | 2002-09-04 |
AU1868301A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
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