WO2000078102A1 - Dispositif electroluminescent - Google Patents
Dispositif electroluminescent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000078102A1 WO2000078102A1 PCT/JP2000/003754 JP0003754W WO0078102A1 WO 2000078102 A1 WO2000078102 A1 WO 2000078102A1 JP 0003754 W JP0003754 W JP 0003754W WO 0078102 A1 WO0078102 A1 WO 0078102A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light emitting
- light
- layer
- diffraction grating
- emitting device
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4219—Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
- G02B6/4236—Fixing or mounting methods of the aligned elements
- G02B6/424—Mounting of the optical light guide
- G02B6/4243—Mounting of the optical light guide into a groove
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12107—Grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4219—Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
- G02B6/4228—Passive alignment, i.e. without a detection of the degree of coupling or the position of the elements
- G02B6/423—Passive alignment, i.e. without a detection of the degree of coupling or the position of the elements using guiding surfaces for the alignment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting device using EL (Electro-Magnetic Luminescence).
- EL Electro-Magnetic Luminescence
- a semiconductor laser is used as a light source used in an optical communication system.
- Semiconductor lasers are preferable because they have excellent wavelength selectivity and can emit single-mode light, but they require many times of crystal growth and are not easy to fabricate. Further, the semiconductor laser has a drawback that the light emitting material is limited and light of various wavelengths cannot be emitted.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device that has a much narrower spectral width of an emission wavelength than conventional EL light-emitting elements, has directivity, and can be applied not only to a display but also to optical communication and the like. It is in.
- a first light emitting device has a substrate and a light emitting element portion
- the light emitting element section The light emitting element section
- a light-emitting layer capable of emitting light by electoluminescence
- a pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer A pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer
- a light propagation unit for propagating light generated in the light emitting layer is a light propagation unit for propagating light generated in the light emitting layer
- the light emitting layer may be disposed between the pair of electrode layers and partially have an opening, and function as a current confinement layer that defines a region through which current supplied to the light emitting layer flows through the opening.
- An insulating layer An insulating layer,
- a diffraction grating for light propagating through the light propagating portion According to this light-emitting device, electrons and holes are respectively injected into the light-emitting layer from the pair of electrode layers, that is, the cathode and the anode, and the electrons and holes are recombined in the light-emitting layer, whereby molecules are formed. Light is generated when returning from the excited state to the ground state.
- the light generated in the light emitting layer is wavelength-selective and diffracted by a diffraction grating for light propagating in the light propagating portion, that is, a grating in which two kinds of media having different refractive indexes are alternately and periodically arranged. And directivity.
- the light propagating part is a part of the light emitting element part and a part for supplying the light obtained in the light emitting layer of the light emitting element part to the waveguide part side, and has at least a function of giving wavelength selectivity.
- a member for example, one of the electrode layers for coupling the core layer of the waveguide section to the diffraction grating section having the above.
- the insulating layer functions as a current confinement layer, so that the region of the current supplied to the light emitting layer can be defined. Therefore, current intensity and current distribution can be controlled in a region where light emission is desired, and light can be generated with high luminous efficiency.
- the insulating layer functions as a clad, assuming a waveguide composed of a light emitting layer as a core and an insulating layer as a cladding, the light propagation portion is defined by defining an opening of the insulating layer. The waveguide mode of the light propagating to the waveguide through the waveguide can be controlled.
- the waveguide mode can be set to a predetermined value.
- the waveguide mode and the waveguide generally have a relationship represented by the following equation.
- n ⁇ refractive index of the waveguide core
- n 2 refractive index of waveguide cladding
- N max the maximum value of the possible waveguide modes.
- the width of the light emitting layer (core) defined by the width of the opening of the current confinement layer You just have to select That is, the refractive index of the light emitting layer provided inside the current confinement layer and the refractive index of the insulating layer serving as the current confinement layer are defined as the refractive index of the core of the waveguide and the refractive index of the cladding of the above formula, respectively.
- the width (2a) of the light emitting layer corresponding to the core can be obtained by the above equation.
- the width of the core layer on the side of the waveguide to which the light from the light emitting element is supplied is also calculated by the above equation based on the width of the light emitting layer determined as described above and the desired waveguide mode. It is preferable to determine a preferable value in consideration of the obtained calculated value and the like.
- the width of the light emitting layer and the width of the core layer are set to appropriate values in this manner, light in a desired mode is propagated from the light emitting element portion to the waveguide portion with excellent coupling efficiency.
- the light-emitting layer in the current confinement layer formed by the insulating layer may not always be in a uniform light-emitting state.
- the light emitting device preferably has a waveguide mode of about 0 to 100, particularly about 0 to 10 for communication. If the waveguide mode of light in the light emitting layer can be defined in this way, light of a predetermined waveguide mode can be obtained efficiently.
- a second light emitting device integrally has a light emitting element portion and a waveguide portion that transmits light from the light emitting element portion on a substrate,
- the light emitting element section The light emitting element section
- a light-emitting layer capable of emitting light by elect-emission luminescence
- a pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer A pair of electrode layers for applying an electric field to the light emitting layer
- a light propagation unit for propagating light generated in the light emitting layer is a light propagation unit for propagating light generated in the light emitting layer
- An insulating layer that is disposed in contact with the light propagation unit and can function as a cladding layer; anda diffraction grating for light propagating through the light propagation unit.
- a core layer that is integrally continuous with at least a part of the light propagation portion
- a cladding layer that is integrally continuous with the insulating layer.
- light having high wavelength selectivity and high directivity can be generated by the same principle as that of the first light emitting device.
- the second light emitting device at least a part of the light propagation portion of the light emitting element portion and the core layer of the waveguide portion are physically continuous, and the insulating layer (cladding layer) of the light emitting element portion ) And the cladding layer of the waveguide section are physically continuous, so that the light emitting element section and the waveguide section are optically coupled with high coupling efficiency, and efficient light propagation is achieved. I can go.
- a material that functions as a cladding layer for the light propagation portion is selected for the insulating layer.
- the opening of the insulating layer has a slit shape extending in a period direction of the diffraction grating, that is, in a light waveguide direction.
- the diffraction grating is a distributed feedback type or a distributed Bragg reflection type diffraction grating.
- the light obtained in the light emitting layer is resonated.
- wavelength selectivity, narrow emission spectrum width, and excellent light emission are obtained.
- Light having directivity can be obtained.
- the pitch and depth of the diffraction grating are set according to the wavelength of the emitted light.
- the diffraction grating of the distributed feedback type may be configured as a quarter-phase shift structure or a gain coupling type. With this structure, the emitted light can be made into a single mode.
- “in” indicates the wavelength of light in the light propagation unit.
- the diffraction grating is a distributed feedback type and further has a human / 4 phase shift structure or a gain coupling type structure.
- the diffraction grating only needs to be able to achieve the function of the diffraction grating described above, and its formation region is not particularly limited.
- the diffraction grating may be a layer in the light propagation portion or in contact with the light propagation portion.
- the light emitting layer preferably contains an organic light emitting material as a light emitting material.
- an organic light emitting material By using an organic light emitting material, the range of material selection can be expanded as compared with the case where a semiconductor material or an inorganic material is used, for example, and light of various wavelengths can be emitted.
- the light emitting device of the present invention can take various modes. For example, representative modes are described below.
- the light emitting element section The light emitting element section
- An insulating layer having an opening facing the diffraction grating
- a light emitting layer at least partially present in the opening of the insulating layer
- the light emitting element section The light emitting element section
- a diffraction grating formed on a part of the substrate
- An insulating layer having an opening facing the anode
- a light emitting layer at least partially present in the opening of the insulating layer
- the light emitting element section The light emitting element section
- a grating substrate disposed on the substrate, a diffraction grating being partially formed on the grating substrate;
- An insulating layer having an opening facing the anode
- a light emitting layer at least partially present in the opening of the insulating layer
- the light emitting devices of the first to third aspects further include the waveguide portion formed integrally with the light emitting element portion.
- the waveguide portion is formed on the substrate or the lattice substrate, and has a core layer that is optically continuous with the anode, a cladding that covers an exposed portion of the core layer, and is optically continuous with the insulating layer. And a layer.
- a light-emitting device having a spectral width of a light-emitting wavelength that is much narrower than conventional EL light-emitting elements, has directivity, and can be applied not only to a display but also to optical communication and the like. Can be provided.
- the material of the light emitting layer is selected from known compounds to obtain light of a predetermined wavelength.
- the material of the light emitting layer may be either an organic compound or an inorganic compound, but is preferably an organic compound from the viewpoint of abundant types and film forming properties.
- an organic light emitting material By using an organic light emitting material, a wider range of materials can be selected than in the case of using a semiconductor material or an inorganic material, for example, and light of various wavelengths can be emitted.
- Examples of such an organic compound include, for example, an aromatic diamine derivative (TPD), an oxdiazole derivative (PBD), and an oxidiazole disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-13967.
- JP-A-63-70257, JP-A-63-175860, JP-A-2-135353, JP-A-135359, and Known ones such as those described in JP-A-3-152184, JP-A-8-248276 and JP-A-10-153967 can be used. These compounds may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. Inorganic compounds include ZnS: Mn (red area), ZnS: Tb0F (green area), SrS: Cu, SrS: Ag, SrS: Ce (blue area), etc. Is exemplified.
- the optical waveguide includes a layer functioning as a core and a layer having a smaller refractive index than the core and functioning as a clad.
- these layers include a light propagation portion (core) and an insulating layer (cladding) of the light emitting element portion, a core layer and a cladding layer of the waveguide portion, and a substrate (cladding).
- Known layers of inorganic and organic materials can be used for the layers constituting the optical waveguide.
- Typical examples of the inorganic materials for example as disclosed in JP-A-5 _ 273427, T i 0 2 , T I_ ⁇ 2 _ S i 0 2 mixtures, Z nO, Nb 2 0 5 , S i 3 N 4, Ta 2 0 5 , Hf 0 2 or Z r 0 2, etc. can be exemplified.
- thermoplastic resins such as various thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, and photocurable resins
- photocurable resins are appropriately selected in consideration of the layer forming method and the like. For example, by using a resin that can be cured by at least one of heat and light energy, a general-purpose exposure apparatus, a baking oven, a hot plate, and the like can be used.
- No. 9 discloses an ultraviolet curable resin.
- an acrylic resin is preferable.
- Specific examples of the basic constitution of the ultraviolet-curable acryl-based resin include a prepolymer, an oligomer, and a monomer.
- prepolymers or oligomers examples include acrylates such as epoxy acrylates, urethane acrylates, polyester acrylates, polyether acrylates, spiro acetal acrylates, epoxy methacrylates, Urea methacrylates such as urea methacrylates, polyester methacrylates, and polyether methacrylates can be used.
- Examples of the monomer include 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl acrylate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, and carbitolua.
- Monofunctional monomers such as acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, dicyclopentenyl acrylate, 1,3-butanediol acrylate, and 1,6-hexanediol dia Acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate, etc.
- Trifunctional monomer Trimethy Lumpur pro bunt Ria chestnut rate, trimethylolpropane van trimethacrylate, pen evening erythritol tall triacrylate Ichito, polyfunctional monomers one such Kisaakurireto to Jipen evening erythritol Bok Ichiru available.
- the inorganic material or the organic material considering only the confinement of light has been exemplified.
- the structure of the light emitting element section includes a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer and an electrode layer, at least one of these layers functions as a core or a clad.
- the materials constituting these layers can also be employed.
- a hole transport layer When an organic light emitting layer is used in the light emitting element portion, a hole transport layer can be provided between the electrode layer (anode) and the light emitting layer as needed.
- the material of the hole transport layer a material used as a hole injection material of a known photoconductive material or a known material used for a hole injection layer of an organic light emitting device can be selected and used.
- the material of the hole transport layer has a function of injecting holes or blocking electrons, and may be either an organic substance or an inorganic substance. Specific examples thereof include, for example, those disclosed in JP-A-8-248276.
- an electron transport layer can be provided between the electrode layer (cathode) and the light emitting layer as needed.
- the material of the electron transporting layer only needs to have a function of transmitting electrons injected from the cathode to the organic light emitting layer, and the material can be selected from known substances. Specific examples thereof include, for example, those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-248276.
- As the cathode electron injecting metals, alloys, electrically conductive compounds, and mixtures thereof having a low work function (for example, 4 eV or less) can be used.
- As such an electrode material for example, those disclosed in JP-A-8-248276 can be used.
- anode a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a large work function (for example, 4 eV or more) can be used.
- a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a large work function for example, 4 eV or more
- an optically transparent material for example, C ul, ITO, S n 0 2
- a conductive transparent material such as Z N_ ⁇ , if you do not need transparency gold etc.
- Metal can be used.
- the method of forming the diffraction grating is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Representative examples are shown below.
- Techniques for patterning polyimide by photolithography include, for example, JP-A-7-181689 and JP-A-11221741. Further, as a technique for forming a diffraction grating of polymethyl methacrylate or titanium oxide on a glass substrate by using laser abrasion, there is, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-59743.
- a diffraction grating is formed by irradiating light having a wavelength that causes a change in the refractive index to the optical waveguide portion of the optical waveguide and periodically forming portions having different refractive indexes in the optical waveguide portion.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-31 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-31
- thermoplastic resin Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-1990
- stamping using an ultraviolet-curable resin Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 10-27949
- electron beam The diffraction grating is formed by stamping such as stamping using a curable resin (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-235705).
- the thin film is selectively removed and patterned using lithography and etching techniques to form a diffraction grating.
- the diffraction gratings are different from each other. It is sufficient if it is composed of two regions with different refractive indices.
- the two regions with different refractive indices have different refractive indices, such as a method of forming two regions, and a method of partially modifying one material. It can be formed by a method of forming two regions.
- each layer of the light emitting device can be formed by a known method.
- a suitable film forming method is selected for each layer of the light emitting device depending on its material, and specific examples include a vapor deposition method, a spin coating method, an LB method, and an ink jet method.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a partial sectional view taken along line X1-X1 in FIG. 2
- FIG. 3B is a partial sectional view taken along line X2-X2 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line Y--Y of FIG.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a manufacturing process of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 5B to 5D are AA lines of the plan view shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing along the B-B line and the C-C line.
- FIG. 6A is a plan view showing a manufacturing process of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 6B to 6D are A_A lines of the plan view shown in FIG. 8—: A cross-sectional view along line 6—line 0—C.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view showing the manufacturing process of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 7B to 7D are AA lines of the plan view shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing along the B-B line and the C-C line.
- FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a manufacturing process of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 8B and 8C are sectional views taken along line BB of FIG. 8A
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C.
- FIG. 9A is a plan view showing a manufacturing step of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the plan view shown in FIG. 9A.
- FIG. 10A is a plan view showing a manufacturing process of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 10B and 10C are B-B of the plan view shown in FIG. 1OA.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line B and a line C-C.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing a light emitting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12A is a partial cross-sectional view along the line X1-X1 of FIG. 11, and FIG. 12B is a partial cross-sectional view along the line X2-X2 of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line Y--Y of FIG.
- FIGS. 14A to 14D are cross-sectional views illustrating the steps of manufacturing the light emitting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 158 to 15D are cross-sectional views showing the steps of manufacturing the light emitting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a sectional view schematically showing a light emitting device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view schematically showing a light emitting device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a plan view schematically showing a light emitting device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view schematically showing a light emitting device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the light emitting device 100 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing the light emitting device 100
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along a line X 1—X 1 in FIG. 2
- FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along a line X 2 _X 2 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the line YY in FIG.
- the light emitting device 100 has a substrate 10, a light emitting element 100, and a waveguide 200 formed on the substrate 10.
- an anode 20 and a diffraction grating 12 serving as a light propagation section, and a light emitting layer 14 and a cathode 22 are arranged in this order on a substrate 10.
- An insulating layer 16 which also functions as a cladding layer and a current confinement layer is formed around the diffraction grating 12 except for a part thereof.
- a core layer 30 and a clad layer 32 that covers an exposed portion of the core layer 30 are arranged on a substrate 10.
- a first electrode extraction section 24 and a second electrode extraction section 26 are arranged adjacent to the waveguide section 200.
- protective layer 60 is formed so as to cover light emitting element portion 100.
- the protective layer 60 By covering the light emitting element portion 100 with the protective layer 60, the deterioration of the cathode 12 and the light emitting layer 14 can be prevented.
- the surface of the waveguide portion 200 is exposed without forming the protective layer 60 on the entire light emitting device.
- the protective layer 60 may be formed so as to cover the entire light emitting device as needed.
- the anode 20 of the light emitting element section 100 is made of an optically transparent conductive material and forms a light propagation section.
- the anode 20 and the core layer 30 of the waveguide section 200 are formed integrally and continuously.
- the transparent conductive material forming the anode 20 and the core layer 30 the above-mentioned materials such as ITO can be used.
- the insulating layer (cladding layer) 16 of the light emitting element section 100 and the cladding layer 32 of the waveguide section 200 are formed integrally and continuously.
- the material constituting the insulating layer 16 and the cladding layer 32 may be any material as long as it is insulating, has a lower refractive index than the anode 20 and the core layer 30 and can confine light. Not limited.
- the insulating layer 16 is formed so as to cover the exposed portion of the diffraction grating 12, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A.
- the insulating layer 16 has a slit-like opening 16a extending in the periodic direction of the diffraction grating 12, that is, the direction in which medium layers having different refractive indexes are periodically arranged.
- This opening 16a An anode 20 and a cathode 22 are arranged with the diffraction grating 12 and the light-emitting layer 14 interposed therebetween.
- the insulating layer 16 is interposed between the anode 20 and the cathode 22.
- the insulating layer 16 functions as a current confinement layer. Therefore, when a predetermined voltage is applied to the anode 20 and the cathode 22, a current mainly flows in the area CA corresponding to the opening 16a.
- a current confinement layer 16 By providing the insulating layer (current confinement layer) 16 in this manner, current can be concentrated along the light guiding direction, and luminous efficiency can be increased.
- the diffraction grating 12 is formed above the light propagating portion, and is configured by periodically arranging two medium layers having different refractive indexes.
- One medium layer of the diffraction grating 12 is made of a material constituting the anode 20, and the other medium layer is made of a material constituting the light emitting layer 14.
- the diffraction grating 12 is preferably a distributed feedback type diffraction grating.
- the diffraction grating 12 preferably has a human / 4 phase shift structure or a gain coupling type structure.
- the human / 4 phase shift structure or the gain coupling type structure in this way, the emitted light can be made into a single mode.
- the first electrode extraction portion 24 and the second electrode extraction portion 26 adjacent to the waveguide portion 200 are formed of an insulating cladding layer 3 continuous with the insulating layer 16. They are electrically separated by two.
- the first electrode extraction section 24 is integrally continuous with the anode 20 of the light emitting element section 100 and functions as an anode extraction electrode.
- the second electrode extraction portion 26 is formed so as to extend toward the light emitting element portion 100, and a part thereof is electrically connected to the cathode 22. Therefore, the second electrode extraction section 26 functions as an extraction electrode of the cathode 22.
- the first and second electrode extraction portions 24 and 26 are formed in the same film forming step as the anode 20.
- the cathode 22 By applying a predetermined voltage to the anode 20 and the cathode 22, electrons are injected from the cathode 22 and holes are injected from the anode 20 into the light emitting layer 14. Emitting layer 1 4 Inside, the electrons and holes are recombined to generate excitons, and when the excitons are deactivated, light such as fluorescence or phosphorescence is generated. As described above, the area CA through which the current flows is defined by the insulating layer 16 interposed between the anode 20 and the cathode 22, so that the current can be efficiently supplied to the area where light emission is desired. it can.
- Part of the light generated in the light-emitting layer 14 is reflected by the cathode 22 and the insulating layer 16 functioning as a cladding layer, and is introduced into the light transmission section including the anode 20 and the diffraction grating 12.
- the light introduced into the light propagating portion is distributed-propagation-type propagating by the diffraction grating 12 formed on a part of the light propagating portion, and propagates the light propagating portion toward the end face (the waveguide portion 200 side). Further, the light propagates through the core layer 30 of the waveguide portion 200 which is formed integrally and continuously with a part (anode 20) of the light propagation portion, and exits from the end face.
- the emitted light is distributed and fed back by the diffraction grating 12 of the light propagation section and is emitted, so that it has wavelength selectivity, a narrow emission spectrum width, and excellent directivity. Further, by providing the diffraction grating 12 with a ⁇ phase shift structure or a gain-coupling structure, the emitted light can be made to have a single mode.
- the person represents the wavelength of light in the light propagation unit.
- the light generated in the light emitting layer 14 is reflected by utilizing the reflection function of the cathode 22.
- a reflection film having a large reflectance outside the cathode 22 may be used.
- a dielectric multilayer mirror or the like can also be formed.
- the thickness of the cathode 22 is small, light generated in the light emitting layer 40 can pass through the cathode 22.
- a reflection film can be formed between the substrate 10 and the anode 20. By forming such a reflective film, light can be more reliably confined, so that the emission efficiency can be increased.
- This modified example can be similarly applied to other embodiments.
- either the first medium layer or the second medium layer constituting the diffraction grating 12 may be a layer of a gas such as air.
- the diffraction grating when a diffraction grating is formed by a gas layer, the diffraction grating can be configured within a range of a general material used for a light emitting device. The difference between the refractive indices of the two media to be formed can be increased, and an efficient diffraction grating can be obtained for a desired light wavelength.
- This modified example can be similarly applied to other embodiments.
- At least one of a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer can be provided as necessary.
- This modified example can be similarly applied to other embodiments.
- At least a part (anode 20) of the light propagating portion of the light emitting element portion 100 and the core layer 30 of the waveguide portion 200 are integrally continuous.
- the light emitting element section 100 and the waveguide section 200 are optically coupled with high coupling efficiency, and light can be efficiently propagated.
- the light propagation portion including the anode 20 and the core layer 30 can be formed and patterned in the same process, there is an advantage that manufacturing is simplified.
- the insulating layer (cladding layer) 16 of the light emitting element section 100 and the cladding layer 32 of the waveguide section 200 are integrally continuous.
- the light emitting element section 100 (particularly, the light propagating section) and the waveguide section 200 are optically coupled with high coupling efficiency, and efficient light propagation can be achieved.
- the insulating layer 16 and the cladding layer 32 can be formed and patterned in the same process, there is an advantage that manufacturing is simplified.
- the light emitting element unit 100 and the waveguide unit 200 are connected with high coupling efficiency, so that highly efficient light emission is achieved. You can get light.
- the anode 20 and the cathode 22 are electrically connected to each other through the opening 16a of the insulating layer 16, and the region through which the current flows is defined by the opening 16a. Therefore, the insulating layer 16 functions as a current confinement layer, efficiently supplies current to the light emitting region, and can increase the light emission efficiency.
- the light emitting region can be set in a state of being aligned with the core layer 30, and from this point also, the light coupling efficiency with respect to the waveguide portion 200 can be improved. Can be increased.
- FIGS. 5 to 10 (A) is a plan view, and (B) to (D) are A-A line, B-B line, and C-C line in the plan view shown in (A).
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along one of the above.
- Reference numerals 100 a and 200 a in FIGS. 5 to 8 indicate regions where the light emitting element portion 100 and the waveguide portion 200 are formed, respectively.
- a conductive layer 20a is formed on a substrate 10 using an optically transparent conductive material.
- the method for forming the conductive layer 20a is selected depending on the material of the conductive layer 20a and the like, and the above-described method can be used. For example, when the conductive layer 20a is formed of ITO, an evaporation method can be preferably used.
- an uneven portion 12a for forming one medium layer of the diffraction grating is formed on the surface portion of the conductive layer 20a in the region 100a where the light emitting element portion 100 is formed.
- the method of forming the uneven portion 12a is selected depending on the material of the conductive layer 20a and the like, and the above-described method such as lithography and stamping can be used.
- the conductive layer 20 a is selected depending on the material of the conductive layer 20a and the like, and the above-described method such as lithography and stamping can be used.
- the conductive layer 20 a is selected depending on the material of the
- the uneven portion 12a for the diffraction grating is formed so that the unevenness having a predetermined pitch in the Y direction is continuous in FIG.
- the anode 20, the first and second electrode extraction portions are formed by patterning the conductive layer 20 a by, for example, lithography.
- the anode 20 and the first electrode extraction portion 24 are formed continuously.
- the second electrode extraction section 26 is separated from the anode 20 and the first electrode extraction section 24 by an opening 28.
- the uneven portion 12a for the diffraction grating is formed integrally with the anode 20, and a part of the anode 20 including the uneven portion 12a also functions as a light propagation portion.
- the core layer 30 is formed integrally and continuously with the anode 20 (the uneven portion 12 a), and via the first and second electrode extraction portions 24 and 26 and the opening portion 28. Are separated.
- the light propagation part including the diffraction grating and the electrode (in this example, the anode and the electrode extraction part) are formed.
- Optical parts such as a core layer can be formed simultaneously.
- an insulating layer 16 having a predetermined pattern is formed so as to fill the opening 28.
- the insulating layer 16 has an opening 16a from which a part of the uneven portion 12a for the diffraction grating is exposed.
- the opening 16a has a slit shape extending in the light waveguide direction. Since the opening 16a defines a region through which current flows, the length and width of the opening 16a are set in consideration of the desired current density and current distribution.
- the insulating layer 16 functions not only as a current confinement layer but also as a cladding layer for confining light, its material is selected in consideration of the insulating properties and the optical characteristics such as the refractive index.
- polyimide, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester tersulfone, silicon polymer, or the like can be used as the insulating layer 16, for example.
- the insulating layer 16 electrically separates the anode 20 and the first electrode lead-out part 24 from the second electrode lead-out part 26, and forms a part of the uneven part 12a for the diffraction grating.
- the cladding layer functions as a cladding layer and further covers the exposed portion of the core layer 30 to form a cladding layer 32.
- the light emitting layer 14 is formed in a predetermined region of the region 100a where the light emitting element portion 100 is formed.
- the light emitting layer 14 has a light emitting portion 14a in which at least an opening 16a formed in the insulating layer 16 is filled with a light emitting material.
- the material forming the light emitting layer 14 is filled in the concave portions of the concave and convex portions 12a for the diffraction grating, thereby forming the diffraction grating 12. Therefore, as a material for forming the light emitting layer 14, a material having an optical function for forming one medium layer of the diffraction grating 12 together with the light emitting function is selected.
- a cathode 22 is formed in a region 100a where the light emitting element portion 100 is formed.
- the cathode 22 is formed so as to cover the light emitting portion 14 a of the light emitting layer 14, and one end thereof is formed so as to overlap the second electrode extraction portion 26. In this way, the light emitting element section 100 and the waveguide section 200 are formed.
- a protective layer 60 is formed so as to cover at least the light emitting element portion 100.
- the protective layer 60 is desirably formed so that the cathode 22, the light emitting layer 14, and the anode (light propagation portion) 20 do not contact the outside.
- the cathode 22 usually made of an active metal and the light emitting layer 14 made of an organic material are easily deteriorated by the atmosphere or moisture, the protective layer 60 is formed so as to prevent such deterioration.
- a resin material such as an epoxy resin, a silicone resin, and an ultraviolet curable resin.
- the light-emitting device 100 is formed.
- the manufacturing method by selecting the material of the conductive layer 20a in consideration of the optical characteristics such as the refractive index, the electrode member (in this example, the anode 20 and the electrode extraction portions 24, 2) 6), the optical member such as the light propagation portion (20) including the uneven portion 12a for the diffraction grating and the core layer 30 can be formed in the same process, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process. Can be.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing the light emitting device 2000 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 in FIG. Yes
- FIG. 12B is a partial cross-sectional view along X2-X2 of FIG. 11
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view along YY line of FIG.
- the light emitting device 2000 differs from the light emitting device 100 according to the first embodiment in the formation positions of the diffraction grating and the anode. Portions having substantially the same functions as those of the light emitting device 100 will be described with the same reference numerals.
- the light-emitting device 2000 includes a substrate 10, a light-emitting element 100, and a waveguide 200 formed on the substrate 10.
- the light emitting element section 100 is provided on a substrate 10 with a diffraction grating 12 and a The anode 20, the light emitting layer 14 and the cathode 22 are arranged in this order.
- the substrate 10 has a linear convex portion 10a extending over the light emitting element portion 100 and the waveguide portion 200.
- the diffraction grating 12 is formed on the convex portion 10a. I have.
- an anode 20 is formed so as to cover the diffraction grating 12.
- an insulating layer 16 which also functions as a cladding layer and a current confinement layer is formed.
- a core layer 30 and a cladding layer 32 that covers an exposed portion of the core layer 30 are arranged on a substrate 10.
- the core layer 30 is formed on the convex portion 10 a of the substrate 10.
- a first electrode extraction section 24 and a second electrode extraction section 26 are arranged adjacent to the waveguide section 200.
- protective layer 60 is formed so as to cover light emitting element portion 100.
- the protective layer 60 By covering the light emitting element portion 100 with the protective layer 60, the deterioration of the cathode 12 and the light emitting layer 14 can be prevented.
- the surface of the waveguide portion 200 is exposed without forming the protective layer 60 on the entire light emitting device.
- the anode 20 of the light emitting element section 100 is made of an optically transparent conductive material and forms a light propagation section.
- the anode 20 and the core layer 30 of the waveguide section 200 are formed integrally and continuously.
- the transparent conductive material forming the anode 20 and the core layer 30 the above-mentioned materials such as ITO can be used.
- the insulating layer (cladding layer) 16 of the light emitting element section 100 and the cladding layer 32 of the waveguide section 200 are formed integrally and continuously.
- the material constituting the insulating layer 16 and the cladding layer 32 may be any material as long as it is insulating, has a lower refractive index than the anode 20 and the core layer 30 and can confine light. Not limited.
- the insulating layer 16 is formed so as to cover the anode 20 and the exposed portion of the substrate 10 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 (A).
- the insulating layer 16 has a slit-like opening 16a extending in the period direction of the diffraction grating 12.
- the anode 20 and the cathode 22 are arranged with the light emitting layer 14 interposed therebetween.
- An insulating layer 16 is interposed between the anode 20 and the cathode 22. Therefore, the insulating layer 16 functions as a current confinement layer.
- the diffraction grating 12 is formed on the protrusion 10 a of the substrate 10, and includes two different medium layers.
- One medium layer of the diffraction grating 12 is made of a material forming the anode 20, and the other medium layer is made of a material forming the substrate 10.
- the diffraction grating 12 in this embodiment is formed so as to overlap the region CA defined by the current confinement layer 16.
- the diffraction grating 12 is preferably a distributed feedback diffraction grating, and the diffraction grating 12 preferably has a ⁇ / 4 phase shift structure or a gain coupling structure. The reason for this is the same as in the first embodiment, and will not be described.
- the first electrode extraction portion 24 and the second electrode extraction portion 26 adjacent to the waveguide portion 200 are formed of an insulating cladding layer continuous with the insulating layer 16. It is electrically separated by 32.
- the first electrode extraction portion 24 is integrally continuous with the anode 20 of the light emitting element portion 100 and functions as an anode extraction electrode.
- the second electrode extraction portion 26 is formed so as to extend toward the light emitting element portion 100, and a part thereof is electrically connected to the cathode 22. Therefore, the second electrode extraction section 26 functions as an extraction electrode for the cathode 22.
- the first and second electrode extraction portions 24 and 26 are formed in the same film forming step as the anode 20.
- the cathode 22 By applying a predetermined voltage to the anode 20 and the cathode 22, electrons are injected from the cathode 22 and holes are injected from the anode 20 into the light emitting layer 14. In the light emitting layer 14, the electrons and holes are recombined to generate excitons, and when the excitons are deactivated, light such as fluorescence or phosphorescence is generated. As described above, the area CA through which the current flows is defined by the insulating layer 16 interposed between the anode 20 and the cathode 22, so that the current can be efficiently supplied to the area where light emission is desired. Can You.
- Part of the light generated in the light emitting layer 14 is reflected by the cathode 22 and the insulating layer 16 functioning as a cladding layer, and is introduced into the light propagation portion.
- the light guided into the light propagating section is distributed-propagation-type propagating by the diffraction grating 12, and propagates inside the light propagating section constituting the anode 20 toward the end face side.
- the light propagates through the core layer 30 of the waveguide portion 200 integrally formed continuously with a part (anode 20) of the laser beam and exits from the end face.
- the emitted light is distributed and returned in the light propagation section by the diffraction grating 12 and is emitted, so that it has wavelength selectivity, a narrow emission spectrum width, and excellent directivity.
- At least a part (anode 20) of the light propagating portion of the light emitting element portion 100 and the core layer 30 of the waveguide portion 200 are integrally continuous.
- the light emitting element section 100 and the waveguide section 200 are optically coupled with high coupling efficiency, and light can be efficiently propagated.
- the light propagation portion including the anode 20 and the core layer 30 can be formed and patterned in the same process, there is an advantage that manufacturing is simplified.
- the insulating layer (cladding layer) 16 of the light emitting element section 100 and the cladding layer 32 of the waveguide section 200 are integrally continuous.
- the light emitting element section 100 and the waveguide section 200 are optically coupled with high coupling efficiency, and light can be efficiently propagated.
- the insulating layer 16 and the cladding layer 32 can be formed and patterned in the same process, there is an advantage that manufacturing is simplified.
- the light emitting element unit 100 and the waveguide unit 200 are connected with high coupling efficiency, so that highly efficient emission is achieved. You can get light.
- the anode 20 and the cathode 22 are electrically connected to each other through the opening 16a of the insulating layer 16, and the region through which the current flows is defined by the opening 16a. Therefore, the insulating layer 16 functions as a current confinement layer, efficiently supplies current to the light emitting region, and can increase the light emission efficiency.
- the light emitting region can be set in a state of being aligned with the core layer 30, From this point as well, the efficiency of light coupling to the waveguide portion 200 can be increased.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X3-X3.
- an uneven portion 12a for forming one medium layer of the diffraction grating is formed in a predetermined region on the substrate 10.
- a predetermined portion of the substrate 10 is removed by lithography or the like so as to leave a part of the uneven portion 12a, and a convex portion 10a continuous with the substrate 10 is formed.
- An uneven portion 12a for a diffraction grating is formed on the convex portion 10a.
- the uneven portion 12a for the diffraction grating is formed such that the unevenness having a predetermined pitch is continuous in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG.
- a conductive layer 20a is formed on the entire surface of the substrate 10 by using an optically transparent conductive material.
- the anode 20 and the first electrode extraction portion 24 are formed by patterning the conductive layer 20 a by, for example, lithography.
- a second electrode extraction part 26, a diffraction grating 12 and a core layer 30 are formed.
- the first medium layer is made of a material forming the substrate 10
- the second medium layer is made of a material forming the anode 20.
- the anode 20 and the first electrode extraction portion 24 are formed continuously.
- the second electrode extraction section 26 is separated from the anode 20 and the first electrode extraction section 24 by an opening 28.
- the core layer 30 is formed integrally and continuously with the anode 20 and is separated from the first and second electrode extraction portions 24 and 26 and the opening portion 28.
- the material of the conductive layer 20a is selected in consideration of the optical characteristics such as the refractive index.
- the optical part such as the diffraction grating, a part of the light propagation part and the core layer can be formed simultaneously with the electrode part (in this example, the anode and the electrode extraction part).
- an insulating layer 16 having a predetermined pattern is formed so as to fill the opening 28.
- the insulating layer 16 has an opening 16a.
- the opening 16a has a slit shape extending along the light waveguide direction. Since the opening 16a defines a region through which current flows, the length and width of the opening 16a are set in consideration of the desired current density and current distribution.
- the insulating layer 16 functions not only as a current confinement layer but also as a cladding layer for confining light, its material is selected in consideration of the insulating properties and the optical characteristics such as the refractive index.
- the insulating layer 16 electrically separates the anode 20 and the first electrode extraction portion 24 from the second electrode extraction portion 26 and forms one of the anodes 20 forming a part of the light propagation portion.
- the cladding layer 32 covers the exposed portion of the core layer 30 and functions as a cladding layer.
- the light emitting layer 14 is formed in a predetermined region of the region where the light emitting element portion 100 is formed.
- the light-emitting layer 14 has a light-emitting portion 14a in which at least an opening 16a formed in the insulating layer 16 is filled with a light-emitting material.
- a cathode 22 is formed in a region where the light emitting element portion 100 is to be formed.
- the cathode 22 is formed so as to cover the light emitting portion 14 a of the light emitting layer 14, and one end thereof is formed so as to overlap the second electrode extraction portion 26.
- the light emitting element section 100 and the waveguide section 200 are formed.
- a protective layer 60 is formed so as to cover at least the light emitting element portion 100.
- the description of the protective layer 60 is omitted because it is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the light-emitting device 2000 is formed.
- this manufacturing method By selecting the material of the conductive layer 20a in consideration of the optical characteristics such as the refractive index, the diffraction grating can be formed together with the electrode portion (in this example, the anode 20 and the electrode extraction portions 24, 26). 12. At least a part of the optical member such as the light propagation portion and the core layer 30 can be formed in the same step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light-emitting device 300 according to the present embodiment, and shows a portion corresponding to FIG. 13 used for describing the second embodiment.
- the light emitting device 300 is different from the light emitting device 1000 according to the first embodiment and the light emitting device 2000 according to the second embodiment in the formation position of the diffraction grating. Portions having functions substantially similar to those of the light-emitting devices 100 and 2000 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and mainly, a light-emitting device 300 different from the light-emitting devices 100 and 2000. Only the main features of 0 are described.
- the light-emitting device 300 has a substrate 10, a light-emitting element 100, and a waveguide 200 formed on the substrate 10.
- a diffraction grating 12 and an anode 20, which constitute a light propagation section, a light emitting layer 14 and a cathode 22 are arranged on a first substrate 10 in this order.
- a second substrate (grating substrate) 11 for forming a diffraction grating 12 is disposed on the first substrate 10.
- the second substrate 11 As described above, as the second substrate 11, as described above, a resin to which a method such as lithography, formation of a refractive index distribution by light irradiation, and stamping can be applied, for example, a resin that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light or electron beam It can be formed by using.
- the first medium layer is made of a material forming the second substrate 11
- the second medium layer is made of a material forming the anode 20 forming the light propagation portion. Consists of
- a material that is advantageous for forming the diffraction grating 12 can be selected as the material of the second substrate 11, and there is an advantage that the formation of the diffraction grating 12 is facilitated.
- a flexible substrate material can be used.
- Oka ij When the material of the second substrate 11 is applied to the first substrate 10 using a mold having a property and cured by heating, and then the mold is peeled off to form a lattice portion, The peeling process becomes easier and the accuracy of the grating is improved.
- an optimal material can be selected for the substrate, and optimal characteristics can be obtained in the final light emitting device. it can.
- the configuration, operation, and effect of the other parts of the light emitting device 300 according to the present embodiment are the same as those of the light emitting device 2000 according to the second embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view schematically showing the light emitting device 400 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
- the light emitting device 400 differs from the light emitting device according to the first embodiment or another embodiment in the structure of the waveguide section. Portions having substantially the same functions as the light-emitting device 100 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and mainly, only the main features of the light-emitting device 400 different from the light-emitting device 100 will be described. I do.
- the light emitting device 400 has a substrate 10, a light emitting element section 100 formed on the substrate 10, and a waveguide section 200.
- the present embodiment is characterized in that the optical fiber 300 is mounted on the waveguide section 200.
- the optical fiber 300 has a core layer 310, a cladding layer 320, and a coating layer (not shown).
- the optical fiber accommodating section 330 includes a first groove 32 a having a rectangular cross section formed in the cladding layer 32 and a second groove 1 having a triangular cross section formed in the substrate 10. 0 b.
- the core layer 30 of the waveguide 200 is made of an optical fiber. It is formed so as to face the core layer 310 of 300.
- the optical fiber 300 can be fixed to the waveguide 200 by a method such as bonding.
- the light generated by the light emitting element unit 100 is guided.
- the light can be efficiently propagated to the optical fiber 300 via the waveguide path 200. Since the light emitting device 400 has the optical fiber 300, it can be preferably applied to, for example, the use of an optical communication device.
- the configuration and operation and effect of the other parts of the light emitting device 400 according to the present embodiment are the same as those of the light emitting device according to the first or other embodiments, and therefore description thereof is omitted.
- the light emitting device 400 has the optical fiber 300 integrally, but is not limited to this.
- the light emitting device 400 may not have an optical fiber, and may have a structure in which an optical fiber housing portion 330 is formed in a waveguide portion 200. In the case of this device, an optical fiber may be connected to the optical fiber housing 330 when necessary.
- the protective layer 60 is formed not only in the light emitting element 100 but also at least at the end of the optical fiber 300 and the optical waveguide.
- the optical fiber 300 may be structured so as to cover a part of the optical fiber 300 in a state including a contact portion of the optical fiber 300 with the core layer 300. In this case, the fixation of the optical fiber 300 is further ensured.
- FIG. 19 is a plan view schematically showing a part of the light-emitting device 500 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.
- FIG. 19 shows the substrate 10, the anode 20, the electrode extraction portions 24 and 26 and the diffraction grating 12 shown in FIG. 20, and the light-emitting layer 14 and the cathode 22 are omitted.
- the light-emitting device 500 differs from the light-emitting device 100 according to the first embodiment in the structures of the diffraction grating and the anode. Portions having substantially the same function as the light emitting device 100 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and mainly, only the main characteristic portions of the light emitting device 500 different from the light emitting device 100 will be described. .
- the light-emitting device 500 has a substrate 10, a light-emitting element unit 100 formed on the substrate 10, and a waveguide unit 200.
- the light emitting element section 100 is arranged on the substrate 10 in the order of the anode 20, the diffraction grating 12, the light emitting layer 14, and the cathode 22 constituting at least a part of the light propagation section. .
- the exposed portion of the diffraction grating 12 also has a cladding layer and a current confinement layer.
- a functional insulating layer 16 is formed.
- the insulating layer 16 has an opening 16a in the periodic direction of the diffraction grating 12. In the opening 16a, the anode 20 and the cathode 22 are arranged with the diffraction grating 12 and the light emitting layer 14 interposed therebetween. In a region other than the opening 16a, the insulating layer 16 is interposed between the anode 20 and the cathode 22.
- the diffraction grating 12 is formed above the anode 20 and has the same width as the core layer 30 of the waveguide portion 200 described later.
- One medium layer of the diffraction grating 12 is made of a material constituting the anode 20, and the other medium layer is made of a material constituting the light emitting layer 14.
- the waveguide section 200 has a core layer 30 and a cladding layer 32 that covers an exposed portion of the core layer 30 on the substrate 10, and is adjacent to the waveguide section 200.
- a first electrode extraction section 24 and a second electrode extraction section 26 are arranged.
- the anode 20 of the light emitting element section 100 is made of an optically transparent conductive material, and forms at least a part of the light propagation section.
- the anode 20 and the core layer 30 of the waveguide portion 200 are integrally and continuously formed.
- the insulating layer (cladding layer) 16 of the light emitting element section 100 and the cladding layer 32 of the waveguide section 200 are integrally and continuously formed.
- the feature of this embodiment is that the area S of the anode 20 overlapping the insulating layer 16 is small as shown in FIG. This can be clearly understood by comparing, for example, FIG. 6A showing a method for manufacturing the light emitting device 100 according to the first embodiment. As described above, since the area S of the anode 20 overlapping the insulating layer 16 is small, the plane area of the capacity formed by the anode 20, the insulating layer 16, and the cathode 22 is reduced, and the capacitance is reduced. Can be reduced.
- the light-emitting device 500 is suitably used for a device in which the influence of the parasitically formed capacitance is small.
- a light emitting device 500 can suppress a delay effect due to capacity in a communication device using a high frequency.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view schematically showing a light emitting device 600 according to the present embodiment, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing the first embodiment.
- the light emitting device 600 differs from the light emitting device according to the first embodiment or another embodiment in the structure of the electrode extraction portion. Portions having substantially the same functions as the light-emitting device 100 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and mainly, only the main characteristic portions of the light-emitting device 600 different from the light-emitting device 100 will be described. .
- the light-emitting device 600 has a substrate 10, a light-emitting element unit 100 formed on the substrate 10, and a waveguide unit 200.
- the waveguide section 200 has a core layer 30 and a cladding layer 32 covering an exposed portion of the core layer 30 on a substrate 10.
- the waveguide section 200 is adjacent to the waveguide section 200.
- a first electrode extraction section 24 and a second electrode extraction section 26 are arranged.
- a feature of the present embodiment is that at least one of the first electrode extraction portion 24 and the second electrode extraction portion 26 has an electronic element such as an IC driver mounted thereon. is there. That is, the exposed portion of the electrode can be used as a mounting surface of the electronic element.
- FIG. 21 schematically illustrates a state where the electronic element 400 is mounted on the first electrode extraction portion 24. Although not shown in FIG. 21, the electrode extraction portion is patterned so as to form a predetermined pattern of wiring as needed.
- a device with a high degree of integration can be configured by using the exposed portion of the electrode as a mounting surface for an electronic element.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/762,614 US6512250B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | Light-emitting device |
EP00935606A EP1126749B1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | Light-emitting device |
DE60041532T DE60041532D1 (de) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | Licht emittierende vorrichtung |
JP2001502623A JP3951109B2 (ja) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | 発光装置 |
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JP16415299 | 1999-06-10 | ||
JP11/164153 | 1999-06-10 | ||
JP16415399 | 1999-06-10 | ||
JP11/164152 | 1999-06-10 |
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WO2000078102A1 true WO2000078102A1 (fr) | 2000-12-21 |
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PCT/JP2000/003754 WO2000078102A1 (fr) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-09 | Dispositif electroluminescent |
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US (1) | US6512250B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1126749B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3951109B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100390110B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60041532D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000078102A1 (ja) |
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JP2004311419A (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-11-04 | Kyoto Univ | 発光素子及び有機エレクトロルミネセンス発光素子 |
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US8179034B2 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2012-05-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light extraction film for organic light emitting diode display and lighting devices |
US20100110551A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light extraction film with high index backfill layer and passivation layer |
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- 2000-06-09 JP JP2001502623A patent/JP3951109B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 KR KR10-2001-7001639A patent/KR100390110B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-06-09 WO PCT/JP2000/003754 patent/WO2000078102A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-09 US US09/762,614 patent/US6512250B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (5)
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JP2002216975A (ja) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-08-02 | Sony Corp | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP4644938B2 (ja) * | 2001-01-15 | 2011-03-09 | ソニー株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP2003302543A (ja) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 光・電気回路および光・電気配線基板 |
JP2004311419A (ja) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-11-04 | Kyoto Univ | 発光素子及び有機エレクトロルミネセンス発光素子 |
US8704253B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2014-04-22 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting device and organic electroluminescence light-emitting device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20010079625A (ko) | 2001-08-22 |
KR100390110B1 (ko) | 2003-07-04 |
EP1126749A4 (en) | 2004-05-19 |
EP1126749B1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
DE60041532D1 (de) | 2009-03-26 |
JP3951109B2 (ja) | 2007-08-01 |
US6512250B1 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
EP1126749A1 (en) | 2001-08-22 |
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