WO2000062102A1 - Tres petite structure de cellule, destinee a etre placee entre des couches minces, et procede de fabrication associe - Google Patents

Tres petite structure de cellule, destinee a etre placee entre des couches minces, et procede de fabrication associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000062102A1
WO2000062102A1 PCT/JP2000/002306 JP0002306W WO0062102A1 WO 2000062102 A1 WO2000062102 A1 WO 2000062102A1 JP 0002306 W JP0002306 W JP 0002306W WO 0062102 A1 WO0062102 A1 WO 0062102A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrate
resin
layer
producing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/002306
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Naohide Wakita
Mariko Kawaguri
Yasuhiko Yamanaka
Takeshi Karasawa
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
Priority to KR1020007013696A priority Critical patent/KR20010052547A/ko
Publication of WO2000062102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000062102A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/203—Filters having holographic or diffractive elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters

Definitions

  • micro-compartmental structures such as between thin films, and their manufacturing methods
  • the present invention relates to a large number of minute partitioned structures between thin films, and more particularly to a display device using liquid crystal, a panel as a component thereof, a color filter, and the like. Background technology
  • liquid crystal display devices including plasma address liquid crystal display devices (PALC), etc.
  • the number is m;
  • minute sections such as // m, which are also rows and columns such as 32 0 x 24 0, 10 24 x 76 8, 1 280 0 x 104
  • multi-tiered structures are used, which are arranged in rows. Specifically, each pixel in a liquid crystal display device and its liquid crystal layer or color filter, the liquid crystal layer in PALC, and a guest host cell were used. This is the pixel portion of a liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal panel sprays a ball-shaped spacer on the pixel part to keep the distance between the substrates constant, and the peripheral part is a pole or fiber in a sealing resin.
  • One state of the mixer is kneaded and adhered.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 25050411 discloses a linear stripe formed on a substrate 20 by a photo-resist.
  • the spacer of the photoresist is melted and the substrates are bonded together. It shows how to obtain the cell thickness (substrate gap).
  • the resist layer also serves as a spacer, and when melted and bonded by thermocompression bonding, the resist layer is crushed. As a result, the thickness changes, and it is difficult to uniformly and accurately control the gap between the substrate and the member.
  • the ink jet method is used to discharge the colored resin liquid onto the area surrounded by the black matrix on the substrate.
  • There is an ink jet method in which the material is applied with a pressure plate, pressed with a surface plate, reppelled, and then cured.
  • this ink jet method is simple in process, but controls the amount of resin liquid to be discharged very accurately because the colored resin is not mixed. And the nozzle of the ink jet is easily clogged.
  • color ink is applied to the substrate by printing technology such as offset printing. There is also a method of curing separately. However, the printing method tends to have unevenness on the surface and has a problem in flatness.
  • liquid crystals containing pigments of different colors are injected into liquid crystal cells separated by stripe-shaped spacers.
  • a liquid crystal cell without a color filter is disclosed.
  • a guest-host liquid crystal is used as a dye, but when a dichroic dye is used in a guest-host liquid crystal, a voltage is applied. The color saturation changes.
  • it does not describe a method of bonding a partition serving as a partition to an opposing substrate.
  • a reflection type color liquid crystal display device which performs color display by reflecting external light from a reflection plate. For this reason, it is used as a display device for portable devices such as notebook computers, PDAs, etc., because it consumes no power for light and light. Yes.
  • a conventional polarizer or color filter In order to improve the display performance such as the brightness of this type, light is attenuated by using a conventional polarizer or color filter. It is difficult.
  • a liquid crystal display device having a structure in which three liquid crystal layers are stacked on a single substrate is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-32801. This is, The liquid crystal layer is formed through an interlayer film of about 100 to 300 ⁇ m, and electrodes are formed above and below the interlayer film. Each interlayer film is supported by a spacer, and the liquid crystal layer maintains a predetermined gap by the bead spacer. In addition, cyan, magenta, and yellow guest-host liquid crystals are separately injected into each gap.
  • the number of transparent electrodes is reduced by reducing the number of transparent electrodes by reducing the number of electrodes in each interlayer film to serve as electrodes for applying voltage to the upper and lower liquid crystal layers. It can be raised. In this case, however, a voltage is applied to each liquid crystal layer through the interlayer film, so that the voltage loss in the interlayer film becomes a problem. Since the thickness or gap of the liquid crystal layer is about 3 to 5 ⁇ , the thickness of the interlayer film must be reduced in order to suppress the voltage loss in the interlayer film to a low level. It is necessary to make the thickness relatively small (several meters or less) compared to the gap. However, when a film having a thickness of about 1 m is used as the interlayer film, the film is likely to be damaged this time.
  • any number of extremely fine holes and tears are generated. It is necessary to separate and inject guest host liquid crystals of different colors into the three liquid crystal layers, but if there are holes or tears, the original The liquid crystal other than the liquid crystal in the layer, that is, the liquid crystal of another color spreads, resulting in poor injection and poor display. In turn, it greatly reduces the yield of nonel.
  • the film that separates these compartments and forms the upper and lower boundaries has a variety of functions such as conductivity, insulation, light transmission, light blocking, polarization, and reflection. is there .
  • its role as a film is extremely wide-ranging, such as blocking direct contact with the outside world, transmitting only certain substance molecules, or stacking components of electronic devices. It is.
  • films used as components of electronic devices are rarely used for laminating a single flat material, and various films such as steps, holes, and trenches are used. It has a complicated shape. For example, in order to form a film having a buried layer, such as a thin film transistor, a film formation, a photolithography, an etching method, and the like.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the concept of a film having a one-layer structure
  • FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the concept of a film having a three-layer laminated structure.
  • the substrate 20 and the canopy portion 30 which are arranged to face each other sandwich the checkerboard-shaped spacer 40 and are surrounded by these.
  • a void 4 was formed in the region.
  • the three-layer laminated film shown in FIG. 3 has a first and second intermediate partition layer 5 with a space between the substrate 20 and the canopy part 30 which are arranged to face each other.
  • 0, 60 are interposed between the substrate part 1 and the first intermediate partition layer 50, between the two intermediate partition layers 50, 60, and the second intermediate partition layer 60 and the canopy part.
  • a lattice-shaped spacer 40 is sandwiched between the substrate 30 and 30 to form a void in a region surrounded by the lattice-shaped spacer 40.
  • the one-layer structural film is a pixel part for a display part of a liquid crystal display element
  • a three-layer structure is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 20 and the lower surface of the canopy part 30 (opposite substrate).
  • a transparent conductive thin film (not shown) or the like is formed on the upper surfaces of the intermediate partition layers 50 and 60, respectively, and the liquid crystal is filled in the voids.
  • an injection hole 49 for injecting liquid crystal into the gap is formed on the upper surface of the spacer 40.
  • the liquid crystal of the cyan, magenta and yellow dyes is provided for each layer. It is filled in the voids and is displayed in color by subtractive color mixing.
  • such a laminated structure film having voids has been prepared in advance. It is manufactured by pasting the substrate 20 and the canopy 30 on the upper and lower surfaces of the spacer 40 produced by the above-mentioned material and method. According to this method, for example, by applying photolithography technology, the air gap is designed to a considerable extent and the shape is freely determined. Can be formed.
  • spin coating or base coating is required in order to manufacture the laminated structure film having the voids by the photolithographic process. A number of steps are required, such as king, UV exposure, development with chemicals, rinsing, drying, and formation of an adhesive layer.
  • a predetermined portion of a solid film sandwiched between a substrate and a sealing film is vaporized and surrounded by the substrate, the sealing film, and the solid film.
  • a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element in which a void is formed in a defined region is disclosed.
  • the material of the solid film becomes liquid by being irradiated with an energy ray or the like. It is further vaporized by heating and decompression.
  • the molecules do not pass through the sealing film and are discharged from a separately formed discharge port. For this reason, not only is it necessary to form a discharge port, but also the surrounding area must be depressurized, which makes the operation very troublesome.
  • the deviation of the edge of each of the laminated layers also occurs in this manufacturing method. 6
  • a predetermined area may be colored or discolored depending on the temperature of the body, depending on the concentration of a specific type of gas such as a thermometer, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
  • a specific type of gas such as a thermometer, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
  • gas detectors, etc. of the type in which the color of the specified area changes or the color changes.
  • the color development temperature varies depending on the temperature, etc., but the color development temperature differs. The color develops according to the cell or gas concentration of the small liquid crystal, and the color development density further varies.
  • small liquid crystal cells are arranged on a plate or the like according to a certain rule, and the surface is made of a gas-permeable resin as needed. Development of technology that is less likely to cause displacement, has good brightness, has few liquid crystal injection steps, and has even higher power consumption.
  • a multi-layered liquid crystal display device there is a technology that is simple and easy, has no problem in the adhesion and flatness of a substrate or the like, and has excellent color display characteristics. development of.
  • the present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above problems, and has been made on the following points.
  • chromogenic and chromogenic substances pigments, dyes, chiral agents, pigments, which have been infiltrated
  • a substance that develops a color by reacting with a predetermined substance is placed at a predetermined position in each minute compartmentalized structure, and then (usually) filled with a colorless resin, etc. Then, the resin is colored and, if necessary, cured.
  • irradiation with electromagnetic waves such as near-ultraviolet rays used in photolithographic exposure materials and sublimation at temperatures of 80 ° C or more including, In the case of vaporization from a solid to a liquid through a liquid
  • a substance that does not sublimate is exposed to UV light by applying a photomask (for light-shielding) to the substance, followed by heating.
  • a cell is formed by sublimating a substance in an exposed portion or a portion to be exposed by the above method.
  • a display device or the like has minute sections, such as square pixels of several tens to several hundreds of ⁇ ⁇ on a side, or several mm if large, of course. It is arranged in rows and even in several stages depending on the case, but it is possible to manufacture cells in that section, specifically for liquid crystal cells and color filters. It is said that. Of course, it can be applied to a striped structure in which several tens to several hundreds of bands, or a few to two or three zms, are arranged in rows.
  • the material of each layer is exposed at once through a mask from above the substrate.
  • cells in the upper and lower layers can be formed without displacement.c
  • liquid crystal molecules with different colors etc. between the upper and lower cells may be mixed with each other.
  • a canopy part and a partition layer are provided in order to prevent the formation of the canopy and to form the canopy.
  • the substance that forms this partition layer and the like simply transmits the above-mentioned ultraviolet rays. Rather, it is formed of a material that has the property of passing through the molecules of the above-described sublimated substance (including vaporization once liquefied). Further, in this case, the material having conductivity also serves as an electrode of the liquid crystal device.
  • the substance filled in the gap acts as a liquid crystal layer and a color filter, a dye, a curative agent, etc., is added to each cell (liquid crystal, etc.).
  • a microphone in which a dye or the like is encapsulated in the above-described sublimable substance is used as a means for arranging a dye or the like.
  • the mouth capsule is mixed in beforehand, and the colorless liquid crystal that is later injected into the cell is filled with a substance that destroys the microcapsule.
  • a common injection hole is provided in each layer for each pixel, and after the liquid crystal is injected, a common injection is performed with the sealing resin.
  • sealing the holes pay attention to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the substrate and the liquid crystal, and inject the liquid crystal at high temperature, apply a sealing resin, It is the name that you Ru lowered to temperature.
  • each invention is as follows.
  • the invention of the first aspect is used for a color filter of a liquid crystal display device, it is placed on a partition wall (a side opposite to a substrate) which separates each pixel and the like, and further on the top.
  • a protruding upper partition wall is formed.
  • a photosensitive resist is applied to the upper surface of the color filter, and ultraviolet light with a long wavelength that is difficult to be absorbed by the glass from the glass side is used to separate the wall.
  • the photosensitive resist is exposed by irradiating as a mask. Liquid crystal or the like is filled in the section formed by the upper partition wall formed in this manner.
  • Another invention is to provide a photolithographic printing method on a substrate, in which a support wall, which is usually at the same height as the standard of the arrangement and dimensions of the color filter, etc., is provided.
  • a resin film layer is formed on top of it, and color development is performed by vacuum injection into a section separated by the upper and lower substrates, the resin film layer, and the side support walls.
  • the resin to be formed is filled and cured.
  • the substrate is pressed against the base with a glass plate or the like that has been treated so that the resin is difficult to reach, so that the substrate does not bend, and at the same time, from above the glass plate
  • the resin is cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet light or heating it.
  • thermoplastic resin layer is formed only on the upper part of the partition wall of each section, and this thermoplastic resin layer is used as an adhesive to form a resin film film on the upper part of the partition wall of each section. Glue etc. At this time, use metal rolls or the like to prevent the resin film from bending.
  • each material and state of the force filter is used in consideration of the fact that the filter is used for a liquid crystal display device.
  • a support wall such as a stripe is formed by printing or the like, and a predetermined coloring action is performed under a certain condition in a section divided by the support wall.
  • the dye forming the color is arranged by printing or the like. At this time, each section corresponds to the standard of the pixel and the color filter on the display surface.
  • Another invention is to provide an electrode corresponding to each pixel on a substrate having electrodes.
  • a transparent resin film which also serves as an electrode itself, is provided with a predetermined gap between the substrate and the resin film (however, it is not limited to equidistant).
  • a predetermined number of layers are stacked, and a liquid crystal containing a predetermined coloring material such as a coloring agent or a coloring agent is filled in the gap between the substrate and the resin film and between the resin films.
  • a liquid crystal display device for displaying a character on which a new pixel is formed as a resin film and an intermediate partition layer when viewed from above and below (perpendicular to the substrate).
  • the number of resin films overlaps with each other, and the distance between the substrate and the resin films and the gap between the resin films is kept constant, and the individual A support member is provided so as to surround the periphery of the pixel, thereby dividing each pixel. There Ru.
  • the liquid crystal layers above and below each pixel are separated by a resin film.
  • the support member can also serve as black matrix.
  • the resin film is made of a transparent conductive resin.
  • the resin film can also serve as the pixel electrode, and the voltage at the resin film is lower than when the electrode is formed on the insulating resin film. The descent can be suppressed and high display performance can be obtained.
  • the transparency of the conductive resin at this time deteriorates when it is made thicker, it is desirable that the thickness be about several zm or less, but even in this case, Since the liquid crystal of each pixel is mechanically and physically independent (no traffic), it is possible to suppress a reduction in production yield and deterioration in durability.
  • the resin film is electrically divided for each pixel, it is possible to drive each pixel, and it is possible to display a matrix. Become . In this case, of course, a contact hole is provided in the supporting member as needed.
  • the liquid crystal in each pixel is isolated from the liquid crystal in other pixels, but only during manufacturing, different liquid crystal layers for each color are stacked on top and bottom in the same pixel. And have a common liquid crystal injection hole.
  • the liquid crystal layer for each color of each pixel has a common liquid crystal injection hole, and each layer further includes an upper (injection side) resin film at an entrance thereof. It has a sealing resin such as a radiation or ultraviolet curing type penetrating into the lower part, a two-part mixed curing type, or a type that cures with a small amount of heating.
  • a sealing resin such as a radiation or ultraviolet curing type penetrating into the lower part, a two-part mixed curing type, or a type that cures with a small amount of heating.
  • each layer is filled with a colorless liquid crystal or the like that becomes a guest-host liquid crystal of a predetermined color from a common hole, and also has a different coloring property after injection.
  • the cured sealing resin prevents each liquid crystal from flowing through the common injection hole.
  • the sealing resin is applied to the uppermost (canopy) resin film and is cured, so that not only can the sealing hole be simply sealed, but also the sealing resin can be sealed. It exerts effects such as mechanical protection of the resin film and prevention of intrusion of moisture into the resin film.
  • another invention requires that an electrode is attached to a substrate having an electrode or that a transparent resin film which also serves as an electrode is required for the substrate and the resin film to each other.
  • a predetermined gap is determined by the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, etc., and a predetermined number of layers are determined based on the colors to be displayed and their primary colors. Further, the substrate, the resin film, and the resin film are further laminated.
  • a pixel formed by filling a liquid crystal containing a predetermined dye in a gap between the substrates, a substrate, a resin film, and a resin A support member that keeps the films at a constant gap and forms a horizontal partition wall for each pixel and separates it from other pixels is formed by overlapping the resin film on the substrate. It repeats for the specified number, and then uses exposure and the like to move it up and down ( Either direction When viewed from above, they are formed in layers.
  • a resin film is formed on the upper portion of the support member so as to be an upper and lower boundary wall of each liquid crystal layer.
  • a predetermined dye or the like is placed in the gap beforehand. Yes.
  • a common liquid crystal injection hole is opened for each pixel so that the upper and lower layers in the same pixel are filled with the liquid crystal layers for each color. Then, as a rule, colorless liquid crystal is injected from the injection hole. Further, the dye or the like is dissolved in the liquid crystal injected into the gap.
  • each layer for each color formation is filled with a liquid crystal to be a guest-host liquid crystal of a predetermined color for each layer (however, there is a coloring property at the time of filling).
  • a liquid crystal to be a guest-host liquid crystal of a predetermined color for each layer (however, there is a coloring property at the time of filling).
  • the dye is arranged in a microcapsule, and the microcapsule is formed by a chemical substance mixed in the liquid crystal. It is destroyed after the liquid crystal is injected or further heated or heated, and the dye is diffused into the liquid crystal. At this time, treatments such as heating and vibration are also performed.
  • an electrode is adhered on a substrate having electrodes, or a transparent resin film which also serves as an electrode is provided in a predetermined manner with respect to the substrate and the resin film.
  • a predetermined number of layers are laminated with a gap, and a liquid crystal containing a predetermined dichroic dye or a coloring agent such as a chiral agent is filled in the gap between the substrate and the resin film and between the resin films.
  • sublimation may be caused by heating after exposure (this is normal at this time) or sublimation.
  • the liquid crystal layer for color formation can be easily formed by filling colorless liquid crystal in principle except for special uses, etc., except for a special injection hole in the upper and lower gaps. It becomes possible.
  • the photosensitive material has a sublimation property by heating after exposure, and therefore, when the photolithography is performed, the photosensitive material has a sublimation property. The part will be exposed.
  • a predetermined non-sublimable and, of course, a non-evaporable dichroic dye is mixed into the photosensitive material for each layer, and the pixel portion is formed.
  • the liquid crystal filling portion is sublimated to form gaps, and at the same time, a dye is left in each of the gaps.
  • the liquid crystal injection hole for each pixel common to each layer forms a space filled with the liquid crystal, so that the hole through which the molecule passes when the photosensitive material sublimates is formed. Also serves as .
  • the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the liquid crystal and the substrate is used to seal the injection hole common to each liquid crystal layer of each pixel with resin for each layer. . That is, the liquid crystal is injected into each gap of the pixel portion on the substrate at a constant heated temperature, and at least thereafter, a sealing resin is applied to the injection hole portion. Then, the substrate temperature is lowered to room temperature. Then, due to the relative contraction of the liquid crystal, the sealing resin is sucked up to the entrance of each layer in the injection hole. In this state, the sealing resin is solidified. For this reason, The liquid crystals in each layer containing dyes having mutually different actions in the element cannot mix with each other.
  • a spacer is sandwiched between the substrate portion and the canopy portion, which are arranged to face each other, and over the entire surface except for the peripheral portion, and then, a spacer is provided in a predetermined region such as a pixel forming portion.
  • a laminated structure that has a void surrounded by the substrate, canopy, and the unremoved cavities because only the material is removed
  • a sponger is decomposed and sublimated by the application of specific energy such as ultraviolet rays (including, as a reminder, evaporation after liquefaction).
  • the canopy is a material that allows the sublimated gas molecules to pass through.
  • the voids can be formed accurately and easily even with fine dimensions by giving a specific energy by irradiating ultraviolet rays or the like through a mask.
  • specific energy refers to ultraviolet light below a certain wavelength, heat above a certain temperature such as 100 ° C, or both, and the like. It should not be exposed to the surrounding environment when exposed or exposed during use. Therefore, it is a matter of course that the application of this energy after the use of the product does not cause the sublimation of the material removed without sublimation at the time of manufacturing. In addition, it is more preferable that this material has such a property that once cured by heating, it does not subsequently sublime.
  • At least one, in principle, two or five (three layers of three primary color layers) are provided between the substrate portion and the canopy portion which are arranged opposite to each other.
  • a spacer made of a substance that sublimates by a specific energy such as ultraviolet irradiation is sandwiched between the substrate, the intermediate partition, and the canopy with an intervening partition layer.
  • the upward and downward directions are the substrate part, canopy part or intermediate partition layer.
  • the side portion is a laminated structure formed by stacking voids surrounded by spacers that have not sublimated.
  • the canopy portion and the intermediate partition layer are made of a material that allows the passage of the specific energy and the permeation of sublimated molecules of the spacer material.
  • the substrate is usually made of a thin plate glass, but depending on the use of the product, it may be made of the same material as the canopy or the intermediate partition layer. Of course. In this case, the sublimated gas molecules at the lowermost portion (substrate side) can be quickly escaped to the outside without providing the sublimation promoting and liquid crystal filling pores in the voids. It becomes.
  • the multilayer sensor material since the application of the specific energy is performed by irradiating ultraviolet rays or the like through the mask, the multilayer sensor material has the same shape and overlaps. Exposure is performed in a different manner. A shape continuous in the laminating direction, in particular, many voids with uniform edges are formed at once.
  • the laminated structure is made of a material such as a transparent resin liquid crystal containing a dye in a void formed by sublimation of a spacer constituent material by exposure or the like. Different materials are filled.
  • a substrate that forms a spacer layer made of a material that sublimates by applying a specific energy or a material that is a main component thereof on the substrate portion.
  • Steps for forming a spacer layer, and a canopy on the spacer layer which is made of a material that allows the specific energy to pass therethrough and that allows the sublimated molecules to pass therethrough.
  • a specific energy is imparted to a predetermined region of a spacer material such as a pixel or a color filter-forming portion, by forming a specific portion of the portion.
  • the sublimated material is sublimated, and the sublimated gas molecules pass through the canopy and are discharged to the outside, so that the upper and lower substrates, the canopy and the sides are not sublimated.
  • a void forming step for forming a void surrounded by the removed spacer material Yes.
  • the above there is a step for promoting the diffusion of sublimated gas and providing a hole for injecting liquid crystal or the like into the formed void, or a canopy.
  • a step of forming a layer consisting of an intermediate partition layer of the material a plurality of times, and a gas sublimated by passing the above specific energy on the upper surface of the formed uppermost layer A canopy-forming step for forming the canopy with a material that allows molecules to permeate; and applying the above specific energy to a predetermined region of the stirrer to form a canopy material.
  • the shape, size, arrangement, etc. of a color filter or a pixel on the substrate are provided above or in contact with the canopy.
  • a mask with a notch is installed, and ultraviolet light and the like are further radiated from above the mask, whereby a predetermined portion of the spacer material is exposed and decomposed.
  • Sublimation or sublimation by heating after irradiation are performed.
  • the molecules of the sublimated spacer material are discharged by passing through the intermediate partition layer and the canopy, etc., and the multi-layered voids are precisely overlapped, and especially the edges are aligned.
  • a material different from the material of the spacer is filled in minute voids of the partitioned structural structures stacked or the like. Specifically, for example, by filling a liquid crystal, it is possible to easily manufacture a laminated partitioned structure as a component of a liquid crystal display element.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal device.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a film having a one-layer partitioned structure in a conventional liquid crystal display device or the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a film having a three-layer laminated partition structure in a conventional liquid crystal display device or the like.
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing a procedure for manufacturing a color display liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a procedure for manufacturing a color filter as a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a procedure for manufacturing a color filter as a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of a pixel section of a color display liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the pixel section.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a procedure for forming the C-C cross section of the pixel portion.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a procedure for forming the A-A cross section of the pixel portion.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a procedure for manufacturing a color display liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a use state of a color display liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a gap according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a procedure for forming a gap according to the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a gap of three layers as a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a procedure for forming a gap according to the above embodiment.
  • Embodiment of the Invention The present invention will be described below based on a preferred embodiment. (First Embodiment)
  • the present embodiment relates to a single-layer color liquid crystal display device, in which a strip-type pixel section is formed by a photo-song graph, and furthermore, a pixel is formed. Liquid crystal is injected after the dye is printed and applied inside.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the procedure will be described based on this figure.
  • a transparent electrode 21 formed in a stripe shape is formed on a substrate 20 and an alignment film (not shown) 22 is further applied thereon. Love it.
  • a black pigment dispersion register 41 of Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. is applied to a thickness of 5 micron and exposed to near ultraviolet (UVA) with a mask 23.
  • UVA near ultraviolet
  • a resist film 43 consisting of an acrylic-based resist PC 403 of JSR Corporation is applied to the entire surface, and the resist film is applied from the lower surface side of the substrate 20. Exposure is performed with long-wavelength ultraviolet light that is hardly absorbed by the glass.
  • the support pillars 42 function as a light-shielding mask, and an adhesive layer 44 consisting of a resist only remains on the top of the support pillars 42 due to the development.
  • this PC 403 is originally a hot-melt type resist for microlens production, but it can be cured and fine-processed with continued heating.
  • the present inventors have found that the present invention is effective.
  • an acrylic or styrene-based hot-melt type is used.
  • the resist is not desirable as an adhesive layer.
  • the panel since there are three RGB colors in a full-color display, in the conventional example, the panel must be cut several times to separate each liquid crystal, and the cut section is large. I had to do it.
  • the amount of the color element is a small amount of several percent of the cell space. It is possible to apply by a simple printing method, and if the same transparent liquid crystal is injected at the same time at the time of injection, each cell can be easily filled with a liquid crystal having a different color. However, the process is simpler than when a color filter is created, and there is no problem of unevenness on the filter.
  • the liquid crystal may be mixed unless the discharge amount is controlled very accurately, or the foot may be mixed. Bubbles and bubbles may be generated.
  • the liquid crystal panel is a panel in which fine cell spaces are arranged side by side, but the cyan, macen- ter, and yellow liquid crystal layers are stacked to perform subtractive color mixing.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention in which the same liquid crystal is introduced after the dye has been previously attached has the same effect.
  • the present invention is also effective in a structure in which a solution of a different color is filled in a fine cell space.
  • the photo resist is left only on the support pillars by backside exposure as an adhesive layer, so that the cell thickness is increased.
  • a coloring agent may be used as a liquid crystal coloring agent, in addition to a coloring agent, to generate color by circular dichroism.
  • the same type of kyral agent may be applied to each of the RGB cells. By changing the amount, the kyal agent can be applied to the nematic liquid crystal. When melted, the appearance of the pitch is different and the color can be different.
  • it may be black in visible light but transmit ultraviolet light so as to act as a black matrix.
  • This embodiment relates to the manufacture of a color filter.
  • FIG. 5 shows a procedure of a method for manufacturing a color filter of the present invention.
  • the contents will be described with reference to this figure.
  • a support pillar 42 is formed on a glass substrate 20 with black pigment resist and a height of 1.5 micron and black matrices surrounding pixels.
  • R, G, and B dyes 71, 72, and 73 are -Dissolved in a small amount of acrylic acid ligomer as rudimethyl ether and thickener, applied on substrate 20 by screen printing, dried and adhered .
  • the panel is heated to 90 ° C in the pressed state to dissolve the dye well in the acrylic resin solution, and then irradiated with ultraviolet light to expose the RGB color dyes.
  • the acrylic resin colored by the curing was cured.
  • the acrylic resin liquid crystal may be injected after pressurizing with a surface plate, as in the above embodiment.
  • the support wall may be formed by printing. In this case, it is applied to clothing, but a micro capsule containing a thermal expansion agent may be used.
  • a dye is first attached thereto, and then the fine cells are filled with a resin, and then the fine cells are further filled. Since the dye is dissolved in the filled resin, the process is easier than in the conventional ink jet method, which directly discharges the resin, and compared to the printing method. And excellent flatness.
  • the dissolution of the dye in the acrylic resin solution is promoted by heating, but this may be other means such as light and ultrasonic waves.
  • the dye is locked in the microcapsule, and the capsule wall melts or breaks at a predetermined time and stage.
  • the internal dye may be allowed to dissolve.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a manufacturing procedure of the color filter of the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the contents will be described with reference to this figure.
  • a highly uniform color liquid crystal display panel can be manufactured by a very simple process.
  • the present embodiment relates to a reflective liquid crystal display device in which each pixel is composed of three liquid crystal layers isolated from each other.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of a central pixel of the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. As is apparent from this figure, each pixel is substantially square, and one side is about 300 m.
  • (a), (b), and (c) of FIG. 8 are cross-sectional views of A—A, B—B, and C—C of FIG. 7, respectively.
  • the pixel 1 shown in FIG. 7 has three liquid crystal layers 85, 86, and 87 overlapping each other. These three liquid crystal layers are separated from each other by resin films 51 and 61, and furthermore, on the uppermost liquid crystal layer 87 (on the figure) on the substrate 20. Is provided with a resin film 33 that forms the upper interface.
  • the resin film 33 is made of the same material as the resin films 51 and 61 in the lower layer.
  • Support members 401, 402, and 403 for supporting the films 51, 61, and 33 on the substrate 20 are provided.
  • a dot-shaped supporting member 411, 412, 413 having a diameter of several meters is provided, and supporting members 401, 402, 4 4 around the pixel are provided.
  • Each of the resin films 51, 61, and 33 is made of a transparent resin having conductivity, and the resin film itself also functions as a pixel electrode.
  • the resin films 51, 61, and 33 are divided for each pixel on the support members 401, 402, and 403. In FIG. 1, only the resin film 8 is indicated by a broken line.
  • contact holes 42 1, 42 2 and 42 3 are provided for the support members 40 1, 40 2 and 40 3 for dividing each pixel.
  • the resin films 51, 61, and 33 which also serve as electrodes, have conductive holes filled in the contact holes 42, 42, 42, respectively. It is electrically connected to the drive element terminals 25, 26, and 27 on the board 20 by resin (also indicated by 42 1, 42 2, and 42 3). .
  • the resin film 51 is connected to only the terminal 25 through the corresponding contact hole 421, and similarly, the resin films 61, 3 Reference numeral 3 denotes contact holes 42 2 and 42 3, respectively, which are connected to terminals 26 and 27 only.
  • each of the drive films (not shown) formed on one substrate 20 and each resin film 51 also serving as an electrode for each color of each pixel is formed.
  • 61, 33 can be controlled to control the liquid crystal layers 85, 86, 87 for each color and their respective display operations.
  • each pixel has a common injection hole 48 in the three liquid crystal layers 85, 86, and 87. Then, after injecting the liquid crystal under vacuum into each liquid crystal employment gap of each pixel, the injection hole 48 is sealed with the sealing resin 45. The sealing resin 45 is filled up to the inlets of the liquid crystal layers 85, 86, 87 in the injection hole 48, whereby each layer is filled. Guest host liquid crystals with different colors are not mixed with each other I am doing it.
  • a support member 414 is provided beside the injection port 48, and when the injection port 48 is sealed with the sealing resin 45. In addition, the sealing resin is prevented from spreading in the center of the pixel 1.
  • a reflective film 34 made of aluminum is provided on the sealing resin 45 by vapor deposition.
  • the guest host liquid crystal of each of the liquid crystal layers 85, 86, and 87 is the same as that of the resin film that forms each liquid crystal layer.
  • a predetermined dichroic dye is placed in advance in such a gap, and a colorless liquid crystal containing no dichroic dye is supplied from the injection hole 48 common to each layer of each pixel. It is formed by injecting, sealing an injection hole of each layer using a sealing resin, and then dissolving the dichroic colorant in the injected liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal layer is divided for each pixel, and after each layer is filled with the liquid crystal, the dye is dissolved, thereby causing holes and tears in the resin film.
  • the guest-host liquid crystal spreads to the color layers of other pixels, and lowering the yield can prevent this phenomenon.
  • the three liquid crystal layers 85, 86, and 87 are filled with guest-host liquid crystals containing cyan, magenta, and yellow dichroic dyes, respectively.
  • the Rukoto The Rukoto .
  • the dichroic dye in each liquid crystal layer is aligned with the liquid crystal molecules, and therefore, the degree of light absorption and transmission is changed depending on the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. I can do it. Therefore, when the liquid crystal is operated by the driving element, the coloring and transmission of light are controlled accordingly, and a full-color display is performed by subtractive color mixing. And are possible.
  • the resin film is made of conductive resin, the voltage drop in the resin film is reduced as compared with the conventional one, and high reflectivity and high contrast are achieved at low voltage. It is possible to obtain the last ratio.
  • FIG. 9 shows the structural change in the C-C cross section of FIG. 7 as manufacturing progresses.
  • Fig. 10 similarly shows the structural changes in the A-A section of Fig. 7 as the manufacturing progresses.
  • the backside exposure mask is a resist material containing carbon (black) or a metal film such as chrome.
  • a post-shaped resist serving as a support member is applied on the substrate, and the backside exposure mask is exposed as a photomask, and the mask is exposed.
  • a support member and a dot-shaped support member are formed at the same position.
  • a transparent conductive resin is applied to the upper surface of the flat substrate 20 by spin coating to form a resin film 510.
  • the conductive resin is also filled in the contact holes 42 1, 42 2, and 42 3, and the terminals 25, 26, 27 on the substrate 20 are connected to the conductive holes.
  • the resin film 510 will pass through.
  • the resin film 510 is divided for each pixel on the support member 401 by photolithography and etching. Also, remove the resin film around the contact holes 4 2 4 4 3 that are not electrically connected to the first layer resin film. Thereby, a resin film 51 also serving as an electrode of a lower liquid crystal layer can be formed for each pixel.
  • the entire substrate 20 is heated to a temperature at which the sublimable substance 24 sublimes, and the substance 24 is sublimated.
  • the resin film 51 is made of a material that is permeable to the sublimable substance, so that the sublimated substance passes through the resin film 51 and is discharged to the outside.
  • a gap 85 for filling the liquid crystal is formed between the resin film 51 and the substrate 20.
  • the dichroic dye (not shown) mixed in the sublimable substance does not sublime, and thus remains attached to the inner wall of the gap.
  • FIG. (A) in this figure shows the A-A cross section at the same stage as (e) in FIG.
  • the dichroic dye comes into contact with the liquid crystal filled in the gap and dissolves slightly inside it, but fills the liquid crystal because the substrate temperature is as low as 60 degrees Celsius. In the relatively short time required to do so, they do not often dissolve.
  • the liquid crystal flows from the injection hole toward the inside of the gap between the layers of each pixel, the liquid crystal in which the dichroic dye is slightly dissolved is directed toward the injection hole. They do not flow outside. Therefore, the guest host liquid crystals of different colors do not mix through the common injection hole.
  • the two-component mixed-curing mixed resin may be left at room temperature for about half a day to one day, or may be irradiated with radiation or ultraviolet light.
  • a resin that cures in a shorter time may be used, and the resin may be fixed in the supply hole by irradiation with ultraviolet rays or the like.
  • the sealing resin is applied not only to the injection port but also to the entire substrate, because the sealing resin penetrates the protective film and resin film that protects the liquid crystal layer. This is to provide a ventilation shielding film that prevents water from entering the liquid crystal.
  • the substrate is heated to a temperature at which the liquid crystal becomes an isotropic phase (about 100 degrees Celsius).
  • a temperature at which the liquid crystal becomes an isotropic phase about 100 degrees Celsius.
  • the dichroic dye that has been left on the inner wall of each gap is completely dissolved in the liquid crystal in the gap.
  • the amount of the dichroic dye when mixed with the sublimable substance is previously determined so that the color of the three-layered layer is appropriate when dissolved in the liquid crystal. Of course, it must be adjusted.
  • a liquid crystal display device is vapor-deposited on the solidified sealing resin 22 on the opposite side of the substrate to form a reflective film (not shown in this drawing), and the reflection is formed.
  • a liquid crystal display device is vapor-deposited on the solidified sealing resin 22 on the opposite side of the substrate to form a reflective film (not shown in this drawing), and the reflection is formed.
  • the guest host liquid crystals of the first, second, and third liquid crystal layers are cyan, yellow, and yellow, respectively.
  • the order can, of course, be different.
  • the resin film of each layer may be divided for each pixel after the sublimation.
  • the electrode is formed on the film. It is a matter of course that a resin film having the following may be formed.
  • the attachment of the dichroic dye to each interval of each pixel may be performed as follows.
  • the liquid crystal After laminating the resin film and before injecting the liquid crystal, place a microcapsule encapsulating a predetermined dichroic dye for each layer in each gap for each pixel. I'm sorry. In this case, the liquid crystal disassembles the micro-bubble partition walls. Add only a small amount of material. Based on this, when the liquid crystal is filled in the same manner as in the above embodiment, the microcapsule ruptures by touching the liquid crystal and the dichroic dye in the microcapsule is removed. Get out of the cell. After sealing the liquid crystal filling port, the substrate is heated to dissolve the dichroic dye in the liquid crystal.
  • microcapsules and materials that break them down such as pressure-sensitive copying paper (which can be broken down by pressure), pharmaceuticals (such as stomach acid, etc.) Since it is a well-known technique widely used for (decomposition) etc., its explanation is omitted.
  • This embodiment is a simplification of the steps of the fourth embodiment.
  • a material substance which sublimates by exposure and subsequent heating (hereinafter, referred to as a sublimation substance)
  • a sublimable photoresist which is not further sublimated is used as a supporting member and a dot-shaped supporting member.
  • the sublimable photoresist is, for example, a polyfluoride resin disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-127057.
  • Triphenylsulfonium hexafluoro which is an aldehyde to aldehyde salt Antimony was prepared by dissolving in cyclohexanone a 1% by weight of antimony. When this material is heated to 100 ° C. after exposure (254 nm, 5 mJ / cm 2), only the exposed portions sublime. Therefore, after coating, only the portions where the contact holes are to be formed are exposed without masking, and then heated to form a contact hole as shown in (a) of this drawing. Form contact holes 42 1, 42 2 and 42 3.
  • a transparent conductive resin is applied by spin coating on the substrate in this state to form a resin film.
  • the conductive holes are also filled in the contact holes 42 1, 42 2, and 42 3.
  • the resin film is divided into pixels, and the resin film is not connected to the resin film of the first layer. Also remove the resin film around the holes 4 and 2. As a result, a resin film 51 also serving as a pixel electrode of the first liquid crystal layer is formed.
  • the resin film is left, leaving a part of the sublimable resist.
  • the supporting members 401, 402, and 403 for supporting the liquid crystal layer and simultaneously form the gaps 85, 86, and 87 for forming the liquid crystal layer. .
  • the step of forming the support member of the previous embodiment is not required, and the manufacturing process is simplified.
  • FIG. 12 shows a configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment.
  • 150 is a liquid crystal display device main body
  • 1501 is a liquid crystal part
  • 152 is a powerful light source
  • 1553 is a film. .
  • the liquid crystal display device has a control unit and the like, although not specifically shown, and is different from the above two embodiments. There is no liquid crystal reflector.
  • a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal.
  • the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal of the present embodiment refers to a liquid crystal molecule in which approximately spherical liquid crystal molecular droplets are present in a solid resin matrix. Rotates in the direction of the board and in the direction perpendicular to the board, depending on the presence or absence of voltage, thereby transmitting light, reflecting or cutting off. That is, when each liquid crystal molecule is parallel or orthogonal to the substrate, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule and the resin matrix are the same. In other words, the light is scattered and does not transmit because it is different in the other case.
  • each gap layer of each pixel a small capsule containing a predetermined dye is arranged in advance.
  • a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal and a mixture of a resin matrix precursor are injected under a vacuum.
  • the injected material contains the fine particles. Because the substance that destroys the capsule is mixed in, the minute capsule is destroyed and the dye spreads in the injected substance.
  • the resin matrix After filling each layer of each pixel with a mixture of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal and a resin matrix precursor, the resin matrix is irradiated with UV rays for 60 seconds with a mercury lamp. The precursor is solidified into a resin matrix, and spherical polymer-dispersed liquid crystal droplets are formed inside the resin matrix.
  • the entire display device is heated to 100 ° C. to completely disperse the dye in the liquid crystal droplets.
  • each liquid crystal layer is basically solid, the resin film also serving as an electrode is slightly torn or thin in order to handle the user roughly. Even if a hole is formed, the liquid crystal inside does not mix at all.
  • a gap into which a liquid crystal or the like enters is formed by using an ascending substance.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the concept of this structural film (object, body), and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a process of manufacturing this structural film.
  • this one-layer structural film has a checkerboard-shaped spacer 40, for example, between a substrate portion 20 and a canopy portion 30 which are arranged to face each other.
  • the air gap 80 is formed in the region sandwiched between and surrounded by these.
  • the substrate section 20, the canopy section 30 and the spacer 40 can use a photolithography process commonly used, and there is also a risk of failure. It is composed of few materials. Therefore, the material type and thickness of the substrate part 20 and the canopy part 30 may be the same or different depending on the purpose of use.
  • the spacer 40 is a solidified viscous liquid similar to a photo resist, and the material is exposed to electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength. As a result, substances for vaporizing solutes into gases have been added.
  • the solvent a liquid containing an organic solvent as a main component is employed. The solute dissolves without reacting with the solvent, and a polymer that can be decomposed by acid is used.
  • an electromagnetic wave having a short wavelength such as ultraviolet light having a large chemical effect
  • a photosensitive photoacid is used as a substance absorbing the electromagnetic wave.
  • electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength such a sputtered material generates an acid, and the acid decomposes the polymer into a monomer. It evaporates into small gaseous molecules.
  • sublimation includes the vaporization of a liquid into a gas.
  • the canopy portion 30 laminated on the spacer 40 passes the electromagnetic wave given to the material of the spacer and transmits the vaporized molecules and vaporizes the molecules. It is made of a material that retains the spacer 40 that is not used. For example, it is a very thin resin film.
  • the material of the spacer 40 contains a photoacid generator, for example, a so-called yellow room Work in a room where necessary measures have been taken, such as a dark room.
  • the surface of the substrate portion 20 should be sufficiently washed and dried so that there is no dust or the like and there is no dirt that may affect the adhesion.
  • a spacer material layer 240 is laminated on the entire surface of the substrate portion 20.
  • This material layer is a viscous liquid, which was dropped on the substrate portion 20 and laminated on the entire surface of the substrate by spin coating.
  • the wall at the end of the substrate is not shown because it is complicated and obvious.
  • spin coating is performed by rotating the substrate portion 20 on which the material layer 240 of the sputter is laminated at a low speed, for example, for 5 seconds, and then at a high speed. For example, by spinning for 20 seconds, uniform lamination could be achieved.
  • the substrate portion on which the material layers of the spacers are stacked is placed on a hot plate (not shown), and the material layers of the spacers are subjected to a base ring (not shown). (Before)
  • the canopy part 30 is stuck on the material layer 240 of the stirrer by a laminating method or the like.
  • the surface of the material layer 240 of the spreader may be treated and a chemical solution may be applied or an adhesive layer may be provided according to the purpose of use and the desired characteristics of the laminated structure film. good. Book (a) is in this state.
  • a mask 23 is left on the top of the canopy 30 with a gap or Lay them together. Window holes 230 are formed in the mask 23 so as to correspond to predetermined regions where the gaps 4 are formed. Then, a specific ultraviolet ray is irradiated from above. The specific light irradiates only the material layer of the portion of the mask 23 that is exposed from the window portion 230 of the mask 23. When the specific material is irradiated, the material layer of the spur is given energy, the polymer is decomposed into a monomer 241, and the molecular weight is small. It gets worse.
  • the monomer may be exposed to heaters, hotplates, heat-irradiation or ovens, etc. It is possible to use a thin resin film by being baked (later stage) or by being irradiated with electromagnetic waves such as ultraviolet rays, microwaves or radiation. It is discharged to the outside after passing through the canopy part 30 made of a resin.
  • the electromagnetic wave of a specific wavelength is not given to the spacer 40, it does not become a monomer and does not vaporize, but is cured by heating or the like. . For this reason, this laminated structure film does not usually deform.
  • the polymer is irradiated with ultraviolet light through a space to be vaporized, and at the same time, the vaporized gas is transmitted through the canopy and discharged to the outside.
  • a conductive thin film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the substrate and the upper surface of the canopy. Liquid crystal is filled from the injection hole into the gap in the spacer. Change In addition, this injection hole may be provided also to allow the gas in the gap to escape. Or that would be normal.
  • the present embodiment relates to a multilayer laminated film.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing a cross section of the three-layer structure film.
  • FIG. 16 is a view showing a process of manufacturing the three-layer structure film.
  • the three-layer laminated structure film is provided with a first and second intermediate partition layer 50, 60 between the substrate section 20 and the canopy section 30, which are arranged to face each other, with an interval. Interposed between the substrate portion 20 and the first intermediate partition layer 50, between the two intermediate partition layers 50 and 60, and between the second intermediate partition layer 60 and the canopy portion 30.
  • a lattice-shaped spacer 40 is sandwiched between the two, and three layers of voids 80 are formed in the region surrounded by the lattice-shaped spacers 40.
  • the first and second intermediate partition layers 50 and 60 allow passage of an electromagnetic wave of a specific wavelength given to sublimate the material of the spacer 40, and
  • the material that constitutes the spacer 40 is made of a material that transmits the sublimated molecules and stably retains the spacer 40 that is not vaporized. For example, it is preferable to use an extremely thin resin film.
  • the first and second intermediate partition layers 50 and 60 may be different from the case where the material and the thickness of the canopy portion 30 are completely the same.
  • the types and thicknesses of the materials of the substrate portion 20, the spacer 40, and the canopy portion 30 are the same as those of the above-described eighth embodiment, Its description is omitted.
  • the material of the spacer 40 contains a photoacid generator, the three-layer laminated structure film is not used. It is manufactured in a room where necessary measures such as so-called yellow room and dark room are taken, and the surface of the substrate does not have dust, etc., and it has an effect on adhesion. Thoroughly wash and dry to prevent contamination.
  • a lower-side spacer material layer 241 is laminated on the entire surface of the substrate portion 20.
  • a viscous liquid sputter material is dropped onto the substrate portion 20 and spin-coated as in the previous embodiment.
  • the substrate on which the lower-layer material layer is laminated is placed on a hot plate (not shown), and the lower-layer material layer is applied to the base plate.
  • the first intermediate partition layer 50 is attached on the lower material layer 241 of the sensor by a laminating method or the like.
  • the surface of the lower-side material layer is treated according to the purpose and desired characteristics of the laminated structure film, and a chemical solution is applied or an adhesive layer is provided.
  • the material layer of the intermediate spacer is formed on the first intermediate partition layer 50. 2.
  • the second intermediate partition layer 60 and the upper-side material layer 243 are laminated.
  • the canopy part 33 is attached on the material layer 24 4 of the upper spacer by a laminating method or the like.
  • An exposure mask 23 with window holes 23 1 corresponding to the parts where the voids are to be formed is spaced or joined to the canopy 33. Overlap. Then, electromagnetic waves of a specific wavelength such as ultraviolet rays are irradiated from above.
  • Ultraviolet light is transmitted from the mask window hole 231, through the canopy portion 33 and the second and first intermediate partition layers 50 and 60, to the portion immediately below the window hole 231. Expose the material layers 24 1, 24 2, 24 3 of the surface. And that part The polymer in the material layer of the minute spacer is decomposed into a monomer, and the molecular weight is reduced.
  • the monomer in this part may be exposed to a base (second stage) electromagnetic wave, or may be subjected to physical or mechanical action. After passing through the first and second intermediate partition layers 50, 60 and the canopy part 33, they are discharged outside. For this purpose, voids 81, 82, 83 of three layers continuous in the laminating direction are formed at once by aligning the edges. Note that the spacer 40 of the three-layer laminated structure is not deformed.
  • the surface of the substrate portion 20, the upper surface of the canopy portion 33, and the first and second intermediate portions are used.
  • a conductive thin film (not shown) is formed on the upper surfaces of the cut layers 50 and 60, and each of the three layers of voids 81, 82 and 83 is formed from an injection hole (see FIG. 6). Liquid crystals of cyan, magenta and yellow dyes are filled.
  • the conductive film does not necessarily need to have a property of transmitting sublimable molecules.
  • the materials of the spacer and the material of the canopy are shown in Examples 1 to 13 below.
  • the canopy is made of PET, has a thickness of 0.9 zm, and is exposed to ultraviolet light from a high-pressure mercury lamp. Yes, its energy density is about 13 mw. For this reason, the description of each of these embodiments is omitted.
  • the irradiation time of light is naturally different between the case of one layer and the case of a three-layer structure. Write separately.
  • the material of the stirrer is polyaldehyde (Polyphthalaldehyde) (about 5 wt% (weight)% with respect to the solvent) as a polymer and cyclohexane as a solvent. It is a cyclohexanone, and as a photoacid generator, triarylsulfoniumhexaf luoroantimonate (about 10 wt.% Per polymer) %).
  • the spin coating conditions are 300 rpm for the first half, 5 seconds (sec), and 600 rpm for the second half, 20 seconds.
  • the coating layer thickness of the spacer material is about 2000 A.
  • the baking (previous stage) takes 3 to 5 minutes on a plate at a temperature of 100 ° C.
  • the irradiation time of the ultraviolet light is 10 to 20 seconds for a single layer, and 20 to 30 seconds for a three-layer laminated structure. Note that the energy density is 15 mW / cm 2 in each case.
  • the temperature of the baking (later stage) is 130. It is about 30 seconds on C's hot plate. This content is summarized as follows.
  • the laminated film structure of the second embodiment uses the following as a sputter material, spin-coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, and light irradiation. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • the laminated film structure of the third embodiment uses the following as a sputter material, spin coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation, and the like. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • the laminated film structure of the fourth embodiment uses the following as a sputter material, spin coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation, and the like. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • the laminated film structure of the fifth embodiment uses the following materials as the sputter material, the spin coating conditions, the baking (previous stage) temperature, and the light irradiation. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were listed below.
  • the laminated film structure of the sixth embodiment uses the following as a sputter material, spin coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation, and the like. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were listed below.
  • Example 7 Under the above manufacturing conditions, it was possible to manufacture a laminated structure film having the same structure as that of Example 1 above. (Example 7)
  • the laminated film structure of the seventh embodiment uses the following as a sputter material, spin-coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, and light irradiation. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • Example 8 The laminated film structure of the eighth embodiment uses the following as a spacer material, spin coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that manufacturing conditions such as time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • the following materials were used as the spacer material.
  • the manufacturing conditions such as spin coating conditions, baking (first stage) temperature, irradiation time and intensity of light irradiation, and baking (second stage) temperature are listed below. Except for the above, it was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
  • the laminated film structure of this embodiment 10 uses the following as a spacer material, spin-coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation. It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • the laminated film structure of this Example 11 uses the following as a sputter material, spin coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation Except that the manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature are listed below, they were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 above. Built.
  • the laminated film structure of the present Example 12 uses the following materials as the sputter material, and applies the spin coating conditions, the baking (previous stage) temperature, and the light irradiation. Manufacturing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • Poli map hthalaldehyde (approximately 6 wt% based on the solvent) / Solvent... diethyl glycol dimethyl ether (diethy 1 eneglycoldimethylether) / photoacid generator... tria Triarylsulfoniumhexaf luorophosphate (about 13 wt% based on the polymer)
  • the laminated film structure of the present Example 13 uses the following as a sputter material, spin coating conditions, baking (previous stage) temperature, light irradiation It was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the manufacturing conditions such as irradiation time, irradiation intensity, and baking (second stage) temperature were as listed below.
  • the present invention has been described based on some embodiments, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. That is, for example, the following may be performed.
  • the liquid crystal display device is not of a light reflective type, but has a back light on the back side of the display side, which is suitable for indoor display of personal computers and personal computers. Used.
  • the reflector is silver, which is more expensive but has better reflection characteristics than aluminum.
  • the pixel's support partition and the injection molding resin part also serve as black matrix. For this reason, carbon powder is mixed in the sealing resin in advance to such an extent that conductivity is not generated. In this case, the sealing resin is not formed on the pixel portion, but is formed only on the contact hole and the support partition.
  • the liquid crystal layer of each pixel is not displayed in full color in three colors, but is displayed in two colors to be used for advertisements and advertisements.
  • splicer material As a splicer material, it cures by baking at high temperatures when it is not exposed to ultraviolet light, and after curing it does not decompose even if exposed to ultraviolet light. Used a different material, but used a substance based on another principle. For example, there may be a problem with the price at the moment, but with the development of future technology, it is heated by infrared rays, and the heated part is already contained. Cross-links and cures under the action of chemicals. The prescribed energy is not light or near-ultraviolet light, but is cross-linked or decomposed by UVC or X-rays, the additive is activated, and sublimation (including vaporization after liquefaction) occurs. Use substances that are no longer needed.
  • liquid crystals of different colors are provided in a plurality of strip-like cell spaces separated by support columns.
  • a liquid crystal panel that has been integrated into a liquid crystal, by dissolving a dye that does not produce dichroism in the liquid crystal, it is possible to suppress the change in chroma and achieve full colorization. .
  • an adhesive layer consisting of a photo resist is placed only on the support columns. Formed by surface exposure, the cell thickness of fine cells can be accurately controlled, and adhesion can be ensured to prevent liquid crystal leakage between cells.
  • a different color dye or the like is attached to the surface of the member before the cell is formed.
  • the process is facilitated by dissolving the dye in the common solvent.
  • the surface is excellent in smoothness and the process is simplified.
  • a diffractive optical element may be considered in addition to the above-mentioned thermometer and the like.
  • the impact resistance and durability of the product can be improved.
  • a bead spacer is not required, a spraying step is not required, and furthermore, a display defect due to the presence of the bead, a movement in a pixel, etc. There is no damage to the parts.
  • the spacer material sandwiched between the substrate and the canopy is vaporized by being given a specific energy such as ultraviolet light. Since the canopy is a material that allows the gas to pass through the canopy, it is possible to very easily form voids only by irradiation with ultraviolet light.
  • the multi-layered voids are formed collectively with the edges aligned, not only productivity is improved, but also quality is improved. Therefore, when the present laminated structure film is used as a constituent element of a liquid crystal display element that fills a space with a liquid crystal or the like, the image quality of a color display is improved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un affichage couleur à cristaux liquides dans lequel l'agencement des cellules d'une structure multicouche est précis, et dans lequel la structure de cellule est fabriquée de manière efficace. Ainsi on supprime tout défaut dû à l'endommagement d'une couche mince intercouche de cet affichage à cristaux liquides, on diminue la perte de tension au niveau de la couche mince intercouche et on améliore le pouvoir réflectif. Selon l'invention, on a d'abord placé un développateur de couleur dans la cellule de cristal liquide de chaque pixel de chaque couche, puis on a scellé dedans un cristal liquide. On injecte le cristal liquide de chaque couche à travers un trou commun, et on exécute le scellement de chaque couche en utilisant un processus de succion de la résine de scellement, par suite du rétrécissement du cristal liquide provoqué par la chaleur. Cette structure de cellule multicouche se compose d'un matériau qui se sublime lorsqu'il est éclairé à l'aide d'un rayonnement ultraviolet et dont la portion ne subissant pas le rayonnement est durcie de manière thermique, et d'une couche mince de matériau que pénètrent les molécules vaporisées.
PCT/JP2000/002306 1999-04-07 2000-04-07 Tres petite structure de cellule, destinee a etre placee entre des couches minces, et procede de fabrication associe WO2000062102A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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KR1020007013696A KR20010052547A (ko) 1999-04-07 2000-04-07 특히 박막 사이 등의 미소한, 구획구조물과 그 제조방법

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JP11/99669 1999-04-07
JP9966999 1999-04-07
JP15187099 1999-05-31
JP11/151870 1999-05-31
JP11/271816 1999-09-27
JP27181699 1999-09-27

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005010298A (ja) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-13 Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd 液晶表示パネルの製造方法および液晶表示パネルの製造装置
CN102262320B (zh) * 2011-08-25 2013-05-01 南京中电熊猫液晶显示科技有限公司 液晶显示装置
TW201320326A (zh) 2011-11-10 2013-05-16 Chimei Innolux Corp 有機電激發光顯示裝置及其製造方法
TWI510841B (zh) * 2013-07-23 2015-12-01 Au Optronics Corp 顯示裝置
CN103744231A (zh) * 2014-01-20 2014-04-23 吴若鹏 调节电子显示器尺寸的方法

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5688110A (en) * 1979-12-20 1981-07-17 Casio Comput Co Ltd Production of liquid crystal display device
JPS5688109A (en) * 1979-12-20 1981-07-17 Casio Comput Co Ltd Production of liquid crystal display device
JPS62239156A (ja) * 1986-04-11 1987-10-20 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 印画紙用カツタ
JPH07181458A (ja) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-21 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置の製造方法及び表示装置の駆動方法
JPH09258236A (ja) * 1996-03-25 1997-10-03 Toshiba Corp 液晶表示装置及びその製造方法
JPH10104417A (ja) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-24 Canon Inc カラーフィルター、これを用いた液晶素子、及びこれらの製造方法、該製造方法に用いられるインクジェット用インク
JPH10332923A (ja) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-18 Sharp Corp カラーフィルター及び液晶表示装置
JPH1130781A (ja) * 1997-03-31 1999-02-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5688110A (en) * 1979-12-20 1981-07-17 Casio Comput Co Ltd Production of liquid crystal display device
JPS5688109A (en) * 1979-12-20 1981-07-17 Casio Comput Co Ltd Production of liquid crystal display device
JPS62239156A (ja) * 1986-04-11 1987-10-20 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 印画紙用カツタ
JPH07181458A (ja) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-21 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置の製造方法及び表示装置の駆動方法
JPH09258236A (ja) * 1996-03-25 1997-10-03 Toshiba Corp 液晶表示装置及びその製造方法
JPH10104417A (ja) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-24 Canon Inc カラーフィルター、これを用いた液晶素子、及びこれらの製造方法、該製造方法に用いられるインクジェット用インク
JPH1130781A (ja) * 1997-03-31 1999-02-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法
JPH10332923A (ja) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-18 Sharp Corp カラーフィルター及び液晶表示装置

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KR20010052547A (ko) 2001-06-25
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