WO2000043751A1 - Adaptateur de pipette, pipette de mesure par absorbance, pointe, et procede et appareil de mesure par absorbance - Google Patents
Adaptateur de pipette, pipette de mesure par absorbance, pointe, et procede et appareil de mesure par absorbance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000043751A1 WO2000043751A1 PCT/JP2000/000244 JP0000244W WO0043751A1 WO 2000043751 A1 WO2000043751 A1 WO 2000043751A1 JP 0000244 W JP0000244 W JP 0000244W WO 0043751 A1 WO0043751 A1 WO 0043751A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- chip
- test light
- absorbance
- pipette
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
- B01L3/0275—Interchangeable or disposable dispensing tips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
- G01N21/0303—Optical path conditioning in cuvettes, e.g. windows; adapted optical elements or systems; path modifying or adjustment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
- G01N2035/0401—Sample carriers, cuvettes or reaction vessels
- G01N2035/0429—Sample carriers adapted for special purposes
- G01N2035/0434—Sample carriers adapted for special purposes in the form of a syringe or pipette tip
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pipe adapter suitably used for measuring the absorbance of a sample in the field of the pharmaceutical industry, an absorbance measurement pipette including the pipe adapter and the pipe, and can be attached to the pipette adapter.
- the present invention relates to a simple chip, an absorbance measuring device and an absorbance measuring method for measuring the absorbance of a sample using the absorbance measuring pipe. Background art
- samples are analyzed by measuring absorbance when conducting research and development of new drugs, screening enzymes, and analyzing microorganisms.
- methods for analyzing biological samples such as nucleic acids and proteins important in the bio-related field include, for example, the following methods.
- the sample is transferred to a special cell for micro-measurement, and the sample is placed in a cell containing this sample.
- the test light is irradiated, the intensity of the test light transmitted through the cell and the sample is detected, and the absorbance of the sample is measured based on the detection result.
- a pipette 10 and a tip 30 as shown in FIG. 11 are used.
- the tip 30 can be detachably attached to the tip of the pipe 10, and a sample is measured in the tip 30.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,844,686 discloses that a chip having a window for introducing test light or a reflecting mirror for reflecting test light is used, and this chip is attached to the tip of the pipe. There is disclosed a method for measuring the absorbance of a sample with the sample mounted on a chip while being mounted. This method is intended to improve the recovery rate of the sample, avoid contamination of the sample due to the recovery, and perform a quick absorbance measurement. Disclosure of the invention
- the method (2) has the following problems. That is, the chips are usually used only once and discarded without re-use to avoid confinement problems. It is not appropriate to provide the above-mentioned window or reflecting mirror for such a disposable chip because the chip becomes expensive. In addition, in order to reuse the chip without disposing it, it is essential to clean the chip, which also functions as a cell. Furthermore, in the invention disclosed in the above publication, the chip has a window for introducing the test light and a reflecting mirror for reflecting the test light, so that it is difficult to reduce the size of the chip. It is not effective for (trace) samples.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can eliminate the step of collecting the sample, avoiding the generation of contamination of the sample due to the collection, and providing a special measuring method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pipette adapter, an absorbance measurement pipette, an absorbance measurement device, and an absorbance measurement method that do not require a simple cell and can measure the absorbance of a small amount of a sample using an inexpensive chip.
- the pipette adapter according to the present invention is used together with a pipe for measuring the absorbance of a sample including a subject, and can be mounted between the pipette and a chip capable of accommodating the sample, and When mounted, the pipette and the tip have an internal space that is continuous with the internal space thereof, and test light is introduced into the internal space from the outside and the test light is directed toward the sample suction port of the chip. Test light introducing means.
- the pipe adapter having such a configuration is used by being mounted between the pipe and the tip. In the mounted state, the internal space of each of the pipette adapter, the pipette and the tip is continuous.
- the test light is introduced into the internal space of the pipette adapter from the outside by the test light introducing means, and is irradiated toward the sample inlet of the chip.
- the test light can be transmitted through the sample accommodated in the chip, and the absorbance of the sample can be measured.
- pipettes and tips that have been conventionally sold and used can be used.
- chips made of inorganic materials such as glass and stainless steel can be used.
- the test light introducing means of the pipette adapter comprises: a test light introducing window for introducing test light from the outside into the internal space; and a test sample inlet of the chip for introducing the test light introduced into the internal space by the test light introducing window. And a reflecting mirror for reflecting light toward In this case, the test light is introduced into the internal space of the pipette adapter from the outside via the test light introduction window, reflected by the reflecting mirror, and emitted toward the sample inlet of the chip.
- the test light introducing means includes an optical fiber for emitting test light guided from the outside toward the sample inlet of the chip from one end provided in the internal space. In this way, the test light is guided from the outside through the optical fiber, and radiated from one end of the optical fiber in the internal space of the pipette to the sample inlet of the chip.
- the test light introducing means selects only a component in a predetermined wavelength band from the test light introduced from the outside into the internal space, and irradiates the selected light toward the sample suction port of the chip.
- a pipette for measuring absorbance includes the pipette adapter according to the present invention, and a pipette that can be attached to the pipette adapter.
- the pipe adapter and the pipe may be detachable from each other, or may be used integrally. When detachable, the pipette adapter can be easily cleaned as needed, while handling is improved if it is integrated.
- a tip having a substantially cone-shaped insertion section into which the pipette adapter is inserted, and a sample storage section having a cylindrical shape and having a sample suction port formed at an end thereof. If a sample is inhaled using such a chip and the sample is held in the sample storage section of the chip, the reproducibility of the absorbance measurement of the sample is improved. In addition, if the cylindrical sample accommodating section is made thinner and longer, the transmission length of the test light can be increased even if the sample is very small.
- the absorbance measuring device measures the absorbance of a sample including a subject, and comprises: (1) a light source that outputs test light; and (2) a test light output from the light source.
- An absorbance measuring pipe of the present invention which is provided with a chip capable of accommodating a sample, and irradiates the test light toward a sample suction port of the chip; and And a detection optical system for detecting test light output from the sample suction port of the tip mounted on the pipette to the outside.
- the test light output from the light source is introduced into the internal space of the absorbance measurement pipe, and the sample of the chip attached to the absorbance measurement pipe is sampled.
- the light is emitted toward the suction port, output to the outside from the sample suction port of the chip, and detected by the detection optical system. Then, the absorbance of the sample in the chip is measured using the detection result.
- the intensity of the test light detected by the detection optical system when the sample is stored in the chip is stored in the chip, the state in which the sample is not stored in the chip, or a blank in which the sample is not included in the chip It is preferable to further include a calculating means for calculating the absorbance of the sample in the chip based on the intensity of the test light detected by the detection optical system in a state where the sample is accommodated.
- the detection optical system can simultaneously or almost simultaneously detect the intensities of a plurality of components having different wavelengths from the test light output to the outside from the sample suction port of the chip, a plurality of wavelengths may be detected.
- the absorbance of the sample for each of the components is measured substantially simultaneously.
- the absorbance measuring device further includes a temperature adjusting means for cooling at least the chip or keeping the temperature of the chip constant.
- a temperature adjusting means for cooling at least the chip or keeping the temperature of the chip constant. This suppresses a change in the volume of air in the chip, particularly a thermal expansion, due to a rise or change in the temperature of the chip or its surroundings. In this case, it is more preferable to cool the periphery of the chip.
- a holding means having a pipe adapter having at least a part of a side wall having a weight shape and having a hole into which a predetermined portion of the weight side wall of the pipette adapter can be fitted. It is preferable to provide. This makes it extremely easy to attach and detach the absorbance measurement pit. Moreover, since the absorbance measurement pipette is stably and firmly held, the deviation of the optical axis in the optical path of the test light is reduced.
- the method for measuring absorbance according to the present invention is a method for suitably measuring the absorbance of a sample using the pipette for measuring absorbance according to the present invention, which is a method for measuring the absorbance of a sample containing an analyte. is there. That is, the absorbance measurement method according to the present invention includes a step of attaching a chip capable of holding a sample to the pipette for absorbance measurement of the present invention, and a step of housing a sample or a blank sample containing no analyte in the chip. A step of introducing test light from the outside into the internal space of the absorbance measurement pipe and detecting the test light output to the outside from the sample suction port of the chip; and a step of storing the sample in the chip. The intensity of the detected test light, the state where the sample is not stored in the chip, and Calculating the absorbance of the sample in the chip based on the intensity of the test light detected in a state where the blank sample is accommodated in the chip, and
- the step of detecting the test light it is preferable to detect simultaneously or almost simultaneously the intensities of a plurality of components having mutually different wavelengths among the test light output from the sample suction port of the chip to the outside. .
- the tip according to the present invention can be attached to the pipette adapter of the present invention, accommodates a sample including a subject, has a tubular shape (which may be either a cylinder or a square tube), and extends along a central axis. It is characterized in that it has a sample container in which the inner walls in the cross section are substantially parallel. If such a chip is used for measuring the absorbance of a sample, there is almost no risk that part of the test light irradiated on the sample will pass through the chip and enter the photodetector.
- the present invention provides a tip formed of a light-shielding member that can be attached to the pipette adapter of the present invention and that can substantially block test light emitted to a sample including a subject.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of an absorbance measurement pit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the pipe adapter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the pipe adapter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the detection optical system in the absorbance measurement device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of still another embodiment related to the detection optical system in the absorbance measurement device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a chip provided in another embodiment of the absorbance measurement kit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a conventional configuration diagram of a pipette and a tip. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an absorbance measurement pipette according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows an absorbance measurement pipette according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a pipette adapter according to the present invention.
- the absorbance measurement pipe 1 is provided with a pipe 10 and a pipe adapter 20.
- a pipe adapter 20 is provided between the pipette 10 and the tip 30.
- the port 10 and the port adapter 20 may be separate from each other and detachable, but if they are integrated, the handling is easy.
- the port adapter 20 has a pipe mounting portion 21 for inserting the tip of the port 10 and a chip mounting portion 22 for mounting the chip 30. It can be mounted between 10 and 30.
- the port adapter 20 has an internal space 2OA continuous with the internal space of each of the port 10 and the chip 30 when the port adapter 20 is mounted.
- the joint between the pipe adapter 20 and the pipette 10 and the joint between the pipe adapter 20 and the chip 30 are airtight together to hold and hold the sample inside the chip 30. Since the pipette mounting part 21 and the tip mounting part 22 are required to have high airtightness, it is preferable that the pipette mounting part 21 and the tip mounting part 22 are coated with a material having excellent airtightness, for example, a rubber-like substance or a polymer. is there.
- the pipette adapter 20 has a test light introduction window 23 for introducing test light from the outside to the internal space 2 OA, and a test light that is transmitted through the test light introduction window 23 and introduced to the internal space 2 OA. And a reflecting mirror 24 for reflecting the light toward the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30 through the opening of the chip mounting section 22.
- the test light introducing means is formed by the test light introducing window 23 and the reflecting mirror 24. Note that the test light introduction window 23 may be provided inside, instead of outside.
- the test light introduction window 23 selectively transmits only a component in a predetermined wavelength band required for measuring the absorbance of the sample from the test light introduced from the outside into the internal space 2OA.
- the reflecting mirror 24 also selects and reflects only a component in a predetermined wavelength band from the test light introduced into the internal space 2OA.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- the absorbance measuring device 100 includes a light source 40, lenses 41 and 42, an aperture 43, a lens 44, and a shirt 45 in addition to the above-described pipette 1 for measuring absorbance. Also, The absorbance measuring device 100 includes an aperture 51, a bandpass filter 52, a photodetector 60, an ammeter 70, and a computer 80 (calculation means).
- the absorbance measurement pit 1 is detachable at a predetermined position.
- the light source 40 is a test in a predetermined wavelength band for measuring the absorbance of the sample 9 stored in the chip 30, a blank sample (not shown), or the state in which these samples are not stored in the chip 30.
- a heavy hydrogen lamp that outputs light for example, outputs ultraviolet light, is preferably used.
- the shirt 45 specifies the irradiation time of the test light, and suppresses the temperature rise of the sample 9 or the blank sample due to the long irradiation of the test light.
- the aperture 51 defines a light beam cross-sectional area to be detected by the photodetector 60 in the test light output from the sample suction port 31 of the chip 30 to the outside. That is, the test light output to the outside from the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30 is not only output directly after passing through the sample inlet 31 but also reflected and scattered by the inner wall near the sample inlet 31. Some are output.
- the aperture 51 is for passing the test light output by passing directly directly through the sample inlet 31.
- the bandpass filter 52 selectively transmits a wavelength component to be detected by the photodetector 60 from the test light passing through the aperture 51.
- the photodetector 60 receives the test light that has passed through the bandpass filter 52, and outputs a current signal corresponding to the intensity of the test light.
- a photomultiplier tube or a photodiode is used. It is preferably used.
- the current signal output from the photodetector 60 is input to the ammeter 70 and the current value A corresponding voltage signal is output.
- the voltage signal output from the ammeter 70 is input to the computer 80, and the computer 80 responds to the voltage signal by writing the sample 9 in the chip 30, the blank sample or the chip 30 into the same. This is to determine the intensity of the test light in a state where is not stored, and calculate the absorbance of the sample based on these test lights.
- the analyte is not particularly limited, and may be in the form of a solution, a semi-solid, or a solid, and is determined to have a concentration at which absorbance can be measured using an appropriate solvent.
- Any material can be used as a sample. Specific examples include urine samples, blood samples, body fluid samples or extracts of biological tissues, nucleic acids, proteins or bases, etc., as biological samples. Lakes, marshes, seawater, tap water, rainwater, incineration ash, waste or environmental samples such as animal and plant samples in the environment, commonly used metals, ceramics, plastics, their extracted or dissolved liquids, gases or gases Or an analytical sample of a synthesized substance or the like.
- a sample obtained by dissolving or dispersing these analytes in an appropriate solvent as a solute can be used.
- the term “blank sample” refers to a solvent that does not contain an analyte as a solute (for example, distilled water, high-purity water, or the like) or a solution other than a solvent (for example, a reaction that does not contain a buffer or a substrate). Liquid).
- the chip 30 is attached to the absorbance measurement pipe 1, and the sample is measured out of the sample container and stored in the chip 30.
- the absorbance measuring pit 1 is attached to a predetermined position of the absorbance measuring device 100.
- the shirt 45 is opened, and the test light output from the light source 40 is condensed by the lenses 41 and 42, passes through the aperture 43, is made parallel by the lens 44, and is converted into parallel light by the lens 44.
- the light enters the test light introduction window 23 of the pipe adapter 20.
- the test light passes through the test light introduction window 23, is introduced into the internal space 2 OA of the pipette adapter 20, and is reflected by the reflecting mirror 24.
- the reflected test light is partially absorbed by the sample 9 accommodated in the chip 30 and transmitted, and output to the outside from the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30.
- sample measured value the test light intensity corresponding to this voltage signal
- an average optical path length (hereinafter, referred to as a “sample optical path length”) is determined from 9 amounts of the sample accommodated in the chip 30.
- the specific method of calculating the optical path length is not limited, and it may be measured visually using a separately provided scale or the like, or the scale corresponding to the optical path length may be attached to the chip 30. Alternatively, the optical path length may be displayed at the bit 10.
- the optical path length can be determined from the type and shape of the chip to be used and the amount of the sample, and by storing the relationship between them in the computer 80 in advance, the optical path length can be easily obtained, which is convenient.
- a correction factor for the optical path length was calculated in advance, which theoretically or experimentally (empirically) evaluated the influence of scattered light and reflected light within the chip 30 on the sample amount and the type of solvent. Is preferred.
- the chip 30 is replaced, and a blank sample is stored in the chip 30 in place of the sample 9, or the chip 30 is not filled with anything.
- Determine the test light intensity hereinafter referred to as the “reference value” in the same manner as for the absorbance measurement of Sample 9.
- the reference optical path length determines the optical path length (hereinafter referred to as the “reference optical path length”) in the same manner as the sample optical path length.
- the sample actual measurement value, reference value, sample optical path length and reference optical path length, and If so, the absorbance of the sample 9 is calculated by the computer 80 based on the correction factor of the optical path length.
- it can be calculated from the above optical path length and the molar extinction coefficient of the analyte.
- the pipe adapter 20 As described above, the pipe adapter 20 according to the present invention, the absorbance measurement pipe 1 including the pipette adapter 20, and the absorbance measurement apparatus 100 including the absorbance measurement pipe 1 are provided.
- the sample 9 for which the absorbance measurement has been completed can be easily transferred to, for example, a reaction vessel and subjected to various desired reactions subsequent to the absorbance measurement. Therefore, the step of collecting the sample 9 can be omitted, and the generation of contamination of the sample due to the collection can be avoided.
- a conventional expensive cell for measuring absorbance is not required, and the absorbance of a small amount of sample can be measured quickly.
- the chip 30 is inexpensive, and the chip 30 can be miniaturized, which is extremely useful for measurement of a small amount of sample.
- the chip 30 is inexpensive and small, the cost and the amount of waste can be reduced when it is necessary to discard the used chip 30 depending on the sample 9.
- the test light can be irradiated toward the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30 by the reflecting mirror 24, the absorbance of the sample 9 stored in the chip 30 as it is can be measured. Therefore, there is an advantage that the device configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, since a wavelength component to be detected by the band-pass filter 52 can be selected and only the component can be detected by the photodetector 60, the background light can be remarkably reduced. Therefore, the measurement sensitivity of the absorbance can be improved.
- test light introduction window 23 and / or the reflecting mirror 24 transmit or reflect light in a wavelength band component necessary for the absorbance measurement of the sample 9, wavelength components unnecessary for the absorbance measurement are irradiated on the sample. Can be reduced. Therefore, the temperature rise of the sample 9 in the chip 30 can be prevented. As a result, a change in the optical path length and a change in the refractive index due to the volume expansion of the sample 9 are suppressed, and a decrease in the absorbance measurement accuracy can be sufficiently prevented. You. In addition, the thermal expansion of the air in the chip 30 is suppressed, so that the leakage of the sample 9 from the chip 30 can be sufficiently prevented.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the pipe adapter according to the present invention.
- the pipette adapter 120 has a pipette mounting section 122 for inserting the tip of the pipette 10 and a tip mounting section 122 for mounting the tip 30. It can be mounted between chip 30.
- the port adapter 120 has an internal space 12OA that is continuous with the internal space of each of the port 10 and the chip 30 when the port adapter 120 is mounted.
- connection between the pipe adapter 120 and the pipette 10 and the connection between the pipe adapter 120 and the tip 30 are to hold and hold the sample in the tip 30. Since both are required to have high airtightness, the pipe mounting portion 121 and the chip mounting portion 122 are made of a material having excellent airtightness, for example, a rubber material or a polymer coating. It is preferable that it is done.
- the port adapter 120 includes an optical fin 123 (test light introducing means) and a lens 124 (test light focusing means).
- the optical fiber 123 outputs the test light guided from the outside from one end provided in the internal space 122A.
- the lens 124 converts the test light output from the one end of the optical fiber 123 into parallel light, and directs the test light to the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30 through the opening of the chip mounting portion 122. And irradiate.
- the pipette adapter 120 is also suitable for the internal space 12 OA to have a bandpass filter that selectively transmits only a component of a predetermined wavelength band from the test light introduced into the internal space 12 OA. It is. It is also preferable to use an optical fiber 123 whose tip is a spherical lens or a self-focusing lens. In this case, the lens 124 is unnecessary and the optical fiber 123 is not necessary. The tip points the test light focusing means o When such a port adapter 120 is used, the test light output from the light source 40 is input from one end outside the optical fiber 123, guided through the optical fiber 123, and The light is emitted from one end in the internal space 12 OA of the fiber 12. 3.
- the emitted test light passes through the sample 9 in the chip 30 in the same manner as described above.
- the pipette adapter 120 configured as described above, by using the optical fiber 123, the pipette adapter 120 is housed in the chip 30 similarly to the pipe adapter 20 having the reflecting mirror 24 shown in FIG.
- the sample 9 in the state is irradiated with the test light. Therefore, the device configuration can be simplified.
- the test light focused on the sample 9 is irradiated. Therefore, it is not necessary to use the lenses 41, 42, and 44 shown in FIG. 3, and the device configuration can be further simplified. Further, the light source 40 shown in FIG. 3 can be provided at a position distant from the chip 30. Can be suppressed. As a result, the leakage of the sample 9 from the chip 30 and the volume expansion of the sample 9 can be prevented.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the detection optical system in the absorbance measurement device according to the present invention.
- This detection optical system is composed of lenses 15 1 and 15 2, aperture 15 3, lens 15 4, dichroic mirrors 15 5 and 15 6, and band pass filter 15 159, equipped with a photomultiplier tube 16 1 to 16 3 (photodetector).
- the sample 9 to be measured for absorbance in the chip 30 contains nucleic acids or proteins as analytes, and it is assumed that the measurement light components 26 O nm and 280 nm and the reference light component 3 A case where wavelength components are detected simultaneously will be described.
- the dichroic mirror 1505 selectively reflects components in a wavelength band of 250 to 300 nm and transmits other wavelength components.
- the dichroic mirror 156 selectively reflects components in the wavelength band of 250 to 270 nm and transmits other wavelength components.
- the non-pass filters 157, 158, 159 have maximum transmission wavelengths of 280 nm, 260 nm and 320 nm, respectively.
- the test light partially absorbed and transmitted by the sample in the chip 30 and output to the outside from the sample inlet 31 is first collected by the lenses 15 1 and 15 2 and then collected.
- the light passes through the aperture 15 3 and is made into parallel light by the lens 15 4.
- the parallel test light is separated into three wavelength components by dichroic mirrors 155 and 156 and band-pass filters 157 to 159.
- the wavelength 280 nm component is reflected by the dichroic mirror 155, passes through the dichroic mirror 156, passes through the band-pass filter 157, and passes through the photomultiplier tube 161. Is detected.
- the wavelength 260 nm component is reflected by the dichroic mirror 155, reflected by the dichroic mirror 156, transmitted through the bandpass filter 158, and detected by the photomultiplier tube 162. Is done.
- the wavelength of 320 nm component passes through the dichroic mirror 155, passes through the bandpass filter 159, and is detected by the photomultiplier tube 163.
- test light of a plurality of wavelength components can be detected at the same time.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of still another embodiment related to the detection optical system in the absorbance measurement device according to the present invention.
- This detection optical system is composed of lenses 251, It is provided with an optical fiber 25 3 and a spectral detector 260.
- the test light partially absorbed by the sample 9 in the chip 30 and output to the outside from the sample inlet 31 is condensed by the lenses 25 1 and 25 2 and The light is input to one end of 53, guided through the optical fiber 253, output from the other end, and input to the spectral detector 260. Then, the spectrum is separated by the spectral detector 260 and the spectrum of the test light is detected. As a result, the spectrum of the test light in the predetermined wavelength band is detected, and the spectrum analysis is performed by the computer 80 by an ordinary method.
- the intensity of the test light component of an arbitrary wavelength in a predetermined wavelength band can be obtained substantially simultaneously (substantially simultaneously). Further, one detection optical system can cope with each sample 9 including the analytes having various absorption spectra. Therefore, the versatility of the absorbance measurement of the sample 9 is enhanced, and the trouble of changing the bandpass filter and the like can be omitted.
- the spectral detector 260 by increasing the wavelength resolution of the spectral detector 260, it is possible to detect differences in the molecular structure of the analyte, for example, differences in the absorption spectrum shape resulting from differences in the molecular skeleton and functional groups. At the same time as measuring the absorbance of the sample, the purity of the sample can be determined. In this case, if the spectral detector 260 is equipped with a photodetector having a high quantum efficiency in the wavelength region to be detected and a small wavelength dependence of the spectral characteristics (the spectral sensitivity curve is almost flat), It is suitable.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- the absorbance measuring device 200 is provided with an absorbance measuring pipe 2 composed of a pipe 10 and a pipe adapter 220 having a pyramidal side wall.
- the absorbance measurement pipe 2 has a pipe adapter 220 fixed to a mounting hole 29 (hole) provided in the housing 5 (holding means).
- the opening area of the mounting hole 29 is The horizontal cross-sectional area of the port adapter 220 is larger than the minimum value and smaller than the maximum value.
- the port adapter 220 is fitted in the mounting hole 29, and the absorbance measurement pipe is formed. 2 is firmly fixed.
- the optical system 4 includes lenses 41 and 42, an aperture 43, a lens 44 and a shutter 45 shown in FIG. 3, and a light source 40 provided outside the housing 5 is an optical fiber 4
- the optical system is optically coupled to the irradiating optical system via the optics 6.
- the cooling fan 3 (temperature adjusting means) is for blowing air to the chip 30 attached to the pipette adapter 220 and its surroundings, and is connected to the power supply 73.
- the filter disk 59 is made up of disks having three types of bandpass filters 59A, 59B and 59C as shown in FIG.
- the rotating shaft of the motor 53 is fixed coaxially.
- Each of the bandpass filters 59 A, 59 B, 59 C has a maximum transmission wavelength of, for example, 260 nm, 280 nm, and 320 nm, respectively.
- the areas are the same.
- the detection optical system is constituted by the filter disk 59 and the photodetector 60.
- the chip 30, the filter disk 59, and the photodetector 60 are closer to each other than the absorbance measuring device 100 shown in FIG. 3 and each of the bandpass filters 59A, 9 B, 59 C and the chip 30 are arranged so that the distance between them is the same.
- the photodetector 60 is connected via a current-voltage converter 71 to a computer 81 (computing means) having both an analog-digital (AD) converter and an interface.
- the computer 81 calculates the absorbance of the sample 9 using the intensity of the current signal and the like of the test light detected by the photodetector 60, and calculates the rotation speed of the filter disk 59.
- the controller reads the TTL signal synchronized with the filter, and controls the rotation of the filter disk 59 via the rotation controller 54.
- the current-voltage converter 71 has a characteristic satisfying an input signal condition that allows the computer 81 to operate normally, and may further include an amplification function in some cases. Note that, depending on the type of the photodetector 60, an ammeter 70 shown in FIG. 3 may be used instead of the current-voltage converter 71.
- the power switches including the light source 40 and the cooling fan 3 are turned on. Ventilation from the cooling fan 3 suppresses the temperature rise of the chip 30 and the sample 9 due to irradiation of test light, radiation from the heat source, or heat conducted, or cools the chip 30 and the sample 9 Is done. It is even better to warm up well before starting the actual measurement.
- the tip 30 is attached to the absorbance measurement pipette 2, and a blank measurement solution, which is a solution containing only a solvent not containing a sample, is measured on the tip 30.
- the absorbance measurement pipe 2 is inserted from above the mounting hole 29 of the housing 5 and fixed to the housing 5.
- the filter disk is rotated at a predetermined rotation cycle, for example, 10 Hz by the rotation motor 53.
- a predetermined rotation cycle for example, 10 Hz by the rotation motor 53.
- the shutter 45 of the optical system 4 is opened, and the test light output from the light source 40 passes through the test light introduction window 23 of the port adapter 220, and the inside of the port adapter 220
- the sample 9 is radiated through the reflecting mirror 24.
- the test light that has passed through the blank measurement solution is emitted from the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30 toward the filter disk 59.
- the filter disk 59 is rotating, and while the bandpass filters 59 A, 59 B, and 59 C pass below the sample inlet 31 of the chip 30, the predetermined wavelength is passed. Is incident on the photodetector 60, and a current signal corresponding to each wavelength component is output.
- the test light is blocked while the plate portion of the filter disk 59 where the bandpass filters 59 A, 59 B, and 59 C are not placed passes under the sample inlet 31.
- the light detector 60 The flow is output.
- the current signal and dark current corresponding to each wavelength component are converted to voltage by the current-to-voltage converter 71, timed by a TTL signal synchronized with the filter disk 59, and their outputs are output by the computer 81.
- the value is read and stored in computer 81.
- the rotation period is 1 OHz
- the fill disk 59 takes only 0.1 second per rotation, and it can be said that the detection of each wavelength component is substantially simultaneous.
- the above measurement is repeated with the blank measuring solution replaced with the sample 9.
- the bandpass filters are corrected by subtracting the data values corresponding to dark current from the data values corresponding to 59A, 59B, and 59C, and the resulting current signal of each wavelength component and the computer 81
- the absorbance of each wavelength component for sample 9 is calculated from the data value of the blank measurement solution stored in 1. If necessary, it is also possible to calculate the absorbance when the above-described correction of the optical path length is performed. Alternatively, the absorbance may be calculated by correcting the measured value obtained through a predetermined non-pass filter that transmits only light having a wavelength not absorbed by the sample 9.
- the pipe adapter 2 2 According to the absorbance measuring device 200 configured as described above, the pipe adapter 2 2
- a light absorption measurement pipe 2 is fixed to a housing 5 having a mounting hole 29. Therefore, attachment and detachment is extremely simple. Also, vibration during mounting is suppressed, and leakage of the sample 9 from the chip 30 due to vibration can be prevented.
- the absorbance measurement pipette 2 is stably and firmly held, reproducibility of the mounting position is high, and deviation of the optical axis in the optical path of the test light is reduced. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the absorbance can be improved. In this case, if the dimensional accuracy of the pipe adapter 220 side wall and the mounting hole 29 of the housing 5 is increased, the reproducibility of the mounting position is further improved. Further, since the wavelength components of the test light can be detected substantially simultaneously (substantially simultaneously), the absorbance due to the change in the state of the sample 9 is similar to the effect of the detection optical system shown in FIG. 5 described above. The error of the measured value can be reduced. It is also desirable that the pipette adapter be made of a highly airtight material.
- the temperature of the pipette adapter or the tip rises due to heating, the air inside them expands thermally, and the sample inside the tip is removed. It may be pushed out.
- the temperature of the measurement environment room temperature
- the rotating motor 53 may be a heat source.
- the cooling fan 3 cools the chip 30 and its surroundings. And / or the temperature is kept, so that the expansion of the air inside the chip 30 and the pipe pad 220 is significantly suppressed.
- leakage of the sample 9 from the chip 30 can be favorably prevented.
- the sample 9 itself is forcibly cooled, the heating of the sample 9 due to the irradiation of the test light is suppressed, and the leakage from the chip 30 can be further prevented.
- the temperature rise of the bit adapter 220 and the chip 30 due to the radiant heat of the light source 40 is sufficiently prevented.
- the housing 5 is heated by the radiant heat of the light source 40 and the temperature of the pipette adapter 220 and the tip 30 rises due to the heat conduction from the housing 5, the temperature of the sample 9 in the tip 30 is increased. Change can be suppressed. Therefore, leakage from the chip 30 can be further prevented.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a chip provided in another embodiment of the absorbance measurement pipe according to the present invention.
- This pipette for absorbance measurement has a tip adapter 20 shown in FIG. 9 detachably attached to a pipe adapter 20 of the pipette 1 for absorbance measurement shown in FIG.
- This tip 230 is mounted with the tubular end of the pipe adapter 20 inserted inside. It has a conical mounting section 2 3 1 (insertion section) and a cylindrical sample storage section 2 32 formed with a sample suction port 3 1, and has an inner diameter of the sample storage section 2 3 2. d is smaller than the inner diameter of the end of the pipe adapter 20.
- the sample 9 is accommodated in the sample accommodating section 232, and the absorbance of the sample 9 is measured in a state where the state is maintained.
- the length (height in the drawing) of the sample accommodating portion 232 is not particularly limited, and it is preferable that the uniformity of the inner diameter d (the parallelism inside) be maintained well.
- the absorbance measurement pit having such a chip 230 According to the absorbance measurement pit having such a chip 230, the reproducibility of the optical path length of the test light passing through the sample 9 is improved. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the absorbance can be improved. Further, if the cylindrical sample storage portion 232 is made thinner and longer, the transmission length of the test light can be increased even if the amount of the sample is very small, so that more sensitive absorbance measurement may be possible. Further, it is desired that the inner surface of the chip 230 has high water-phobicity in order to improve the liquid drainage of the sample 9. At this time, it is preferable to make the inner diameter d of the sample accommodating portion 232 smaller, because leakage of the sample 9 can be prevented.
- the chip 230 is preferably formed of a light-shielding member capable of substantially blocking test light, that is, a light-shielding member that does not substantially transmit test light.
- Examples of the chip 230 made of such a member include a black polypropylene chip.
- a chip that does not substantially transmit the test light is very effective. To fix the absorbance measurement pipettes 1 and 2, hold the absorbance measurement pipettes vertically as much as possible, and use the same or almost the same suction force when sucking the sample 9 into the tips 30 and 230.
- the method is not limited to the above-described method using a magnet and mounting on the housing 5.
- a jig such as a normal pipette stand may be used.
- the pipe adapter 220 may have a shape in which at least a part of the side wall has a conical shape, and for example, may have a tapered portion on one surface of the side wall.
- the side wall of the pipette adapter 220 may not be a quadrangular pyramid, but may be a triangular pyramid or a pyramid having more than five angles, or a conical shape (in this case, the test light is introduced). (Positioning means for the windows 23 is required).
- the cooling holes such as the Peltier element are mounted on the mounting hole 29 and the side wall of the socket or pipe adapter 220. Device (temperature adjusting means) may be installed.
- a cooling fan may be provided to a light source such as the light source 40 and the rotary motor 53 that can be a heat source.
- the light source 40 may be arranged in the housing 5, and when the pipe adapter 220 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity, the pipette adapter 2 It is preferable to actively cool 20.
- the filter disk 59 may have two types of bandpass filters or four or more types of bandpass filters. Furthermore, if a tunable laser is used as the light source 40, an absorption spectrum can be obtained without using the spectral detector 260.
- the present invention can also be applied to an automatic pipette such as a high throughput screening apparatus.
- Automatic pipettes have the characteristics of high reproducibility of the optical system in addition to excellent reproducibility of sample inhalation. Therefore, if the present invention is applied to an automatic pipette, it is possible to construct an apparatus system which is extremely suitable for measuring the absorbance of a small amount of sample.o
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the absorbance measuring device according to the present invention.
- the screening device 300 (absorbance measuring device) is provided with a plurality of pipette adapters 20 juxtaposed on the device main body 114, and a detection optical system 119 is provided below these pipette adapters 20. It was done.
- This detection optics 1 1 9 is a pipette adapter 2 It has photodetectors corresponding to the number of zeros, and can move in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the test light (front and rear in the figure).
- the pipette adapter 20 may be movable, and in this case, the detection optical system 119 may be fixed or movable.
- the pipette adapter 20 may be singular.
- a holding table 110 for placing equipment is installed above the side of the X-stage 103.
- the chip 230 and the microplate 102 are set at predetermined positions of the holding table 110.
- microplates 102 a and 102 b containing the sample 9 containing the subject and the standard sample (sample with known absorbance or blank sample) 112 respectively are placed in the X-stage 103. Place in the center.
- the standard unit 112 is transferred from the microplate 102 to the chip 230 by the injection unit (not shown; connected to the pipe 108) built in the main body 114 of the apparatus. Inhale.
- the suction speed at this time is a speed preset in a control analysis computer (not shown).
- test light is introduced from a light source (not shown) incorporated in the apparatus main body 114 into the port adapter 20 via the optical fiber 123.
- the test light is bent by a reflecting mirror (not shown) in the pipe adapter 20 and is introduced into the chip 230.
- test light transmitted through the standard sample 112 stored in the chip 230 is detected by the detection optical system 119.
- the standard sample 112 in the chip 230 is dropped onto the microplate 113 b prepared on the X-stage 103 and completely discharged.
- the dropping speed at this time is a speed preset in the control analysis computer.
- a pipette adapter As a pipette adapter, a pipe adapter 20 having a test light introducing window 23 made of synthetic quartz glass and a reflecting mirror 24 having a configuration shown in FIG. 2 is used, and as an absorbance measuring device, an absorbance measuring device 100 having a configuration shown in FIG. 3 is used. Then, the absorbance measurement of the sample was completed.
- Light source 40 Deuterium lamp manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics (C 631 1-50)
- Non-pass filter 52 Select either interference filter of maximum transmission wavelength of 26 Onm manufactured by MellsGriot and interference filter of maximum transmission wavelength of 320 nm manufactured by Asahi Spectroscopy.
- Photodetector 60 Photomultiplier tube manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics (Model R 1527 HA, detection wavelength range 185 nm to 650 nm)
- Ammeter 70 manufactured by Advantest (Model R 8240)
- the absorbance was measured only for distilled water as a plank sample.
- the tip 30 was attached to the pipette 1 for measuring absorbance, and 200 ⁇ 1 of distilled water was measured in the tip 30. Then, while maintaining this state, the absorbance measuring pipe 1 was attached to a predetermined position of the absorbance measuring device 100.
- a bandpass filter having a maximum transmission wavelength of 260 nm was set as the bandpass filter 52, and the shirt 45 was opened.
- the wavelength 26 O nm component of the test light transmitted through the distilled water in the chip 30 is detected by the photodetector 60, and the current value I w26 is detected by the ammeter 70. o was read and stored in computer 80. He closed his shirt 45. If the absolute amount of light is so small that the dark current of the photodetector 60 cannot be ignored, the dark current is measured with the shutter 45 closed, and the dark current value is subtracted from the current value when measuring the test light. There is a need.
- a filter having a maximum transmission wavelength of 320 nm was set as the bandpass filter 52, and the shirt 45 was opened.
- the 32 O nm wavelength component of the test light transmitted through the distilled water in the chip 30 was detected by the photodetector 60, the current value I w 320 was read by the ammeter 70, and this was stored in the computer 80. And I closed my shirt 45.
- Sample 9 contains nucleic acid as the analyte
- a bandpass filter having a maximum transmission wavelength of 260 nm was set as the bandpass filter 52, and the shutter 45 was opened.
- the 260 nm wavelength component of the test light transmitted through the sample in the chip 30 was detected by the photodetector 60, and the current value I d 26 was measured by the ammeter 70. Was read and stored in computer 80. And I closed my shirt 45.
- a bandpass filter having a maximum transmission wavelength of 320 nm was set as a bandpass filter 52, and a shirt 45 was opened.
- the wavelength 320 nm component of the test light transmitted through the sample in the chip 30 is detected by the photodetector 60 reads the current value I d32 0 by ammeter 70, and stores it in the computer 80. He closed his shirt 45.
- K is the following formula (1); K: I W 260 I w320 " ⁇ (1)
- the absorbance A is calculated by the following formula (2);
- the absorbance measurement device 200 having the configuration shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 was used in place of the absorbance measurement device 100, and the chip 230 shown in FIG. 9 was used in place of the chip 30.
- the bandpass filters of the filter disk 59 were the two types of bandpass filters used in the first embodiment.
- the average value of the absorbance Ac of the sample 9 was 0.182, and the variation rate was ⁇ 4.8% or less with respect to this average value.
- a pipette adapter is mounted between a pipette and a tip, and test light is introduced into an internal space of the pipette adapter.
- the absorbance of the sample in the chip is measured. That is, it is possible to measure the absorbance of the sample without transferring the sample to the cell and keeping the sample measured in the chip. Therefore, the step of collecting the sample can be omitted, the generation of contamination of the sample due to the collection is avoided, and the use of a special cell for measuring the absorbance is unnecessary, and the absorbance of a small amount of the sample is reduced. Measurement is performed quickly.
- a conventional commercially available chip can be used, the cost is low, and the used chip can be discarded.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP00900831A EP1054250B1 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-01-20 | Pipette adaptor, pipette for absorbance measurement, method and apparatus for absorbance measurement |
JP2000582473A JP3330929B2 (ja) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-01-20 | ピペットアダプタ、吸光度測定用ピペット、チップ、吸光度測定装置及び吸光度測定方法 |
DE60000386T DE60000386T2 (de) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-01-20 | Adapter für eine pipette, pipette zur absorptionsmessung, verfahren und vorrichtung zur absorptionsmessung |
US09/536,846 US6396584B1 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-03-28 | Pipette adapter, absorbance measuring pipette, tip, absorbance measuring apparatus, and absorbance measuring |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP11/15971 | 1999-01-25 | ||
JP1597199 | 1999-01-25 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/536,846 Continuation-In-Part US6396584B1 (en) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-03-28 | Pipette adapter, absorbance measuring pipette, tip, absorbance measuring apparatus, and absorbance measuring |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2000043751A1 true WO2000043751A1 (fr) | 2000-07-27 |
Family
ID=11903609
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2000/000244 WO2000043751A1 (fr) | 1999-01-25 | 2000-01-20 | Adaptateur de pipette, pipette de mesure par absorbance, pointe, et procede et appareil de mesure par absorbance |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6396584B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1054250B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3330929B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60000386T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000043751A1 (ja) |
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- 2000-01-20 WO PCT/JP2000/000244 patent/WO2000043751A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-20 EP EP00900831A patent/EP1054250B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-28 US US09/536,846 patent/US6396584B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2003021593A (ja) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-01-24 | Aloka Co Ltd | 検体検査装置 |
WO2005047868A1 (ja) * | 2003-11-14 | 2005-05-26 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | 蛍光測定装置 |
JP2005147826A (ja) * | 2003-11-14 | 2005-06-09 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 蛍光測定装置 |
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JP7449046B2 (ja) | 2018-05-08 | 2024-03-13 | サートリウス・ビオヒット・リキッド・ハンドリング・オイ | 液体ハンドリングシステムおよびチップの状態を分析するための方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1054250A4 (en) | 2000-12-27 |
DE60000386D1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
US6396584B1 (en) | 2002-05-28 |
DE60000386T2 (de) | 2003-01-09 |
EP1054250A1 (en) | 2000-11-22 |
EP1054250B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
JP3330929B2 (ja) | 2002-10-07 |
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