Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G7/00—Botany in general
  • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
  • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
  • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
  • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
  • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
  • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants

Definitions

• the technical teaching described below relates to the area of promoting healthy plant growth.
• the teaching according to the invention aims in particular to support and promote the natural interaction of the two factors promoting plant growth on the one hand and strengthening plant defense against pathogens, in particular from the areas of fungal diseases, bacterioses and / or viroses but also sucking pests on roots and / or above-ground parts of plants.
• the invention is further based on the task of being able to use at least largely natural substance-based components as valuable substances or mixtures of substances to solve this problem, which do not lead to any additional stress on the work area concerned. This applies to the areas of soil and plants as well as the areas of humans and animals that are in contact with them, as well as the groundwater problems that must always be taken into account in connection with agricultural processes.
• the technical teaching described below thus fulfills an important requirement for the area of agro-biological and agro-chemical processes, whereby on the one hand an optimization of the desired economic technical results is possible without having to ignore the aspect of economy.
• Practically all components of the multi-substance system used according to the invention can be designed as natural substance-based chemicals.
• the source of these components is, on the one hand, healthy plant growth, and on the other hand, basic components formed biologically by the sea or by other means are essential components of the multi-component mixtures in the sense of the invention.
• the teaching according to the invention combines natural cycles for bound carbon and uses the components separated therefrom and adapted to the requirements according to the invention for the plant structure and the maintenance of healthy plant growth. It is immediately evident that not only additional burdens are excluded for the natural carbon cycle, but positive interventions are made possible, which can help to mitigate and reduce existing damage today.
• the invention relates to the use of multi-component mixtures of valuable substances, at least predominantly of organic origin, for the cultivation and care of useful and ornamental plants by activating the plant rhizosphere and / or phyllosphere and thus promoting both plant growth and plant health against pests, in particular from the areas of fungal diseases, bacterioses and / or viroses, but also from the area of sucking pests on roots and / or parts of plants above ground.
• the mixtures of recyclables used according to the invention contain the following essential basic components:
• the combination of the active ingredients to (a), (b) and, if desired (c), can be used in a mixture of all valuable components.
• the components mentioned at least partially with a time delay In the latter case, however, it must be ensured that the sufficient combination effect of the sum of all valuable substances in the soil and / or plant can be achieved.
• the time periods that are possible in practice when individual components of the multicomponent mixtures are introduced with a time lag are determined or co-determined.
• the multicomponent mixtures according to the invention are based on the objective, in particular the growth of plant-strengthening microorganism populations in the rhizosphere area - i.e. in the root area - but also in the area of the phyllosphere - i.e. to influence and promote on the surface of the aerial part of the plant and here in particular on the leaf area. accordingly
• the teaching according to the invention provides for the entry of the multi-component mixtures both in the soil area and in the above-ground plant area.
• any forms of this multicomponent mixture that are optimized for the respective practical requirements can be used. Suitable are therefore both flowable and in particular water-thinnable multicomponent mixtures, but also solid supply forms which can be present, for example, in the form of powder, granules and the like and, if appropriate, also in encapsulated form.
• DE 44 37 313 describes the use of selected, phosphorus and nitrogen-containing components from the class of the phospholipids to improve plant growth. By adding these phospholipids to the substrate on which the plants grow or are supposed to grow, the growth of these plants can be improved. It is assumed that this increase in growth is related to stimulation of the microorganisms living in the substrate.
• the main phospholipids that can be used are lecithin, lecithin hydrolyzates and chemically modified lecithins.
• WO 93/01150 describes easy-to-use fertilizer mixtures for introducing N into plant growth. It is planned to use water and an oil phase in the presence of W / O invert emulsifiers together with the mixtures of fertilizers based on macro and micronutrients for growing plants. This is intended to ensure the formation of, in particular, pasty mixtures in which the closed oil phase in film form is intended to separate or encase the aqueous mixture components. Oils of vegetable origin and mineral oil are listed as equivalent oil phases.
• German patent application DE 197 01 127 is a low-foaming wetting aid in the form of a highly concentrated, yet flowable and pourable aqueous concentrate based on surfactants for intensifying the penetration and spreading of water in the area of plant rooting during irrigation, containing as an ecologically compatible surfactant component Al-
• APG compounds SPARE BLADE- (RULE 26) kyl (poly) glycoside compounds of the O / W type - hereinafter also referred to as "APG compounds” - olefinically unsaturated alcohols as foam inhibitors / defoamers and lower water-soluble alcohols as viscosity regulators.
• the technical teaching of the earlier application DE 197 48 884.6 of the applicant for promoting and maintaining plant growth by controlling the natural growth processes in the substrate is based on the concept of primarily promoting, controlling and ensuring the growth of microorganisms in the soil by introducing a multicomponent mixture described below .
• the disclosure of this earlier application is hereby also made the subject of the disclosure of the present invention.
• the primary promotion of microorganism growth is to be ensured in particular in the rhizosphere area and thus in the area of the substrate permeated by the plant roots which is crucial for plant growth.
• SPARE BLADE RULE 26 designated as active substance class (a) according to the definition - with the valuable substances or mixtures of valuable substances which are highlighted in the teaching of the earlier application DE 197 48 884.6 and according to the invention in the subclasses of (b) - APG compounds of the O / W type - and in (c) - compounds having hydrocarbon residues with a fat structure, which are both aerobic and anaerobically degradable - are described.
• the invention provides, in addition to the components of (a), (b) and preferably (c), compounds of P and / or N which have at least some lipophilic radicals and, if desired, further macro- and / or micro-nutrients for Carriers containing the plant growth in the plant root area and / or on the aerial part of the plant or to apply. Further statements on the specific nature of the materials or class of materials referred to here (d) are given below. First of all, let me make it clear:
• the core of the improved lies in the combination of these classes of valuable substances to (a), (b) and (c) in the sense of the teaching according to the invention and preferably also by using the valuable substances in subclass (d) - compounds of P and / or N containing lipophilic residues technical action in the sense of the teaching according to the invention.
• Each of the subclasses of recyclables affected here can be completely and / or essentially based on natural substances and is fully subject to natural degradation through metabolic processes.
• Chitin and the chitosan compounds derived from it are known to be natural substances which are formed, for example, by the marine fauna and here in particular crabs, crabs and similar shellfish and which are used in the economic exploitation of these sea-bound local accumulate as residues.
• the teaching according to the invention comprises the use of such water-insoluble chitins as active ingredient to (a) or at least as a portion of this active ingredient.
• An important embodiment of the technical teaching according to the invention is based on the task of being able to set a significant increase in activity, especially of the mixtures of valuable substances, by using at least partially water-soluble components based on chitin or chitosan come.
• Chitosan or chitosan compounds are known to be obtained by chitin deacetylation.
• the primary high-molecular-weight chitosan - especially with molecular weights in the range of 1 million and above - as such is not or only partially soluble in water and aqueous alkali solutions, but it is known that the solubility of these chitosan component (s) can be substantially increased by simple measures increase.
• the chitosan-based components dissolve in aqueous solutions of organic and inorganic acids. It is also known that chitosan is water-soluble with a degree of deacetylation of 50%. An increase in water solubility is possible by reducing the molecular weights in the range of the chitosan oligomers. Finally, simple chemical reactions - in particular by carboxymethylation to O-CM-chitosan, N-CM-chitosan and / or N / O-CM- Chitosan - the solubility can be adjusted in water over a wide pH range. For details of this basically known knowledge about chitosans see.
• the chitosans to be used according to the invention for (a) oligomers and / or polymers can be of virtually any molecular weight. Both the low molecular weight oligomers and high molecular weight polymers can - in the manner already specified - be converted into water-soluble forms which enable application to the soil and / or the aerial part of the plant and the spreading of the chitosan in the soil and in particular in the plant root area. Chitosan compounds can be particularly suitable in this connection, which also show sufficient water solubility even in the neutral to weakly basic pH range and thereby in a manner known per se, e.g.
• the state of the art in print also expressly describes the use of such chitosans or chitosan compounds in the agricultural sector, including the use of corresponding aqueous chitosan preparations.
• the combination according to the invention in the sense of the multicomponent mixtures of the components defined according to the invention to (a), (b), (c) and preferably additionally (d) and the associated objective according to the invention on the one hand to increase the growth of the plant material and on the other hand to protect against attack by Pathogens, especially from the areas of fungal diseases, bacteriosis and / or viroses, but also sucking pests on roots - here, for example, nematodes - and / or on above-ground parts of plants is not disclosed in the cited prior art.
• the entry of the chitosan components to (a) in the soil areas to be treated and / or to the above-ground part of the plants can take place at the same time and / or with a time lag with the entry of the components to (b), (c) and optionally (d).
• sufficiently water-soluble chitosans or chitosan compounds, at least in part are added or applied to the soil structure and / or to the above-ground part of the plant together with the other components mentioned of the mixtures of valuable substances according to the invention.
• chitins and / or in particular chitosans are used in admixture with the components of (a), (b) and optionally (d), then amounts of at least 0.05% by weight and in particular amounts of at least 0.1 to 1 are used % By weight, based in each case on the anhydrous multicomponent mixture, is used. It is crucial that even such small amounts of the chitin or chitosan-based components can have a substantial influence on the course of life in the soil and in the plant, in particular promoting the growth of healthy microorganism flora and thus plant growth and the growth of Pests is suppressed.
• biodegradable surfactants for subclass (b) used according to the invention are known to be compounds of nonionic character, which are furthermore preferably at least predominantly of natural product-based origin and have preferred HLB values in the range from 10 to 18.
• alkyl (oligo) glucoside compounds as component (b), the alkyl radical of which is at least predominantly derived from straight-chain fatty alcohols.
• component (b) the alkyl radical of which is at least predominantly derived from straight-chain fatty alcohols.
• Compounds of this type - also referred to as APG components or compounds according to current usage - are surfactant auxiliaries for a wide range of uses. A number of factors are important for their practical use on a large industrial scale today: APG-based wetting agents can be known to be fully natural product-based. They fall as reaction products by reacting fatty alcohols with glucose, oligoglucose or - with simultaneous degradation of the chain length - with polyglycosides such as starch as reaction products of the general formula R-
• the degree of oligomerization x - and thus the DP value - which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides is usually a value between 1 and 10 in the surfactant class concerned here and is, for example, in the range from about 1.2 to 5, preferably in the range from about 1, 2 to 4 and in particular in the range of 1, 2 to 2.
• APG compounds as surfactant auxiliaries in aqueous preparations generally trigger considerable foaming when these aqueous preparations are discharged.
• German patent application DE 197 01 127 describes the form in which low-foam network aids can be formed with such APG connections.
• olefinically unsaturated alcohols and / or partial esters of lower polyhydric alcohols with fatty acids can be used as the foam brake / defoamer.
• this component (s) according to type and amount is of crucial importance in the preferred embodiment according to the invention. This meaning is usually polyfunctional.
• the class of valuable substances discussed here includes the area of foam brakes or defoamers which are desirable or even necessary in connection with the use of the surfactant components for substance class (b).
• the focus is on a completely different function, which is discussed in detail in the older application DE 197 48 884.6, which has already been cited several times:
• the components of this subclass are C suppliers for the growth of the microorganism flora in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere areas.
• the C source essential for organotrophic growth according to the invention are the lipophilic hydrocarbon residues with fat structure present in this component and thus the comparatively increased concentration of the energy-supplying CH- Groupings.
• these hydrocarbon residues with a fat structure can be saturated and / or at least partially olefinically unsaturated. Further considerations regarding the physico-chemical nature of this component, which will be dealt with in the following, can also be decisive here.
• Preferred components for (c) are oil-soluble, however biologically compatible organic compounds with fat residues of the type specified, which have at least 6 C atoms and in particular at least 8 C atoms.
• the use of appropriate components based on straight-chain hydrocarbon residues or KW compounds is preferred.
• Corresponding components that are at least predominantly based on natural substances are of particular importance.
• Particularly important representatives of the substance class for (c) mentioned here are corresponding hydrocarbon compounds which are at least partially functionalized with oxygen as a hetero atom.
• Typical examples of components of this type are fatty alcohols and / or fatty acids or their derivatives and / or salts.
• Suitable fatty alcohol or fatty acid derivatives are their esters, ethers and / or amides.
• the fatty alcohols and the esters of fatty acids with monofunctional and / or polyfunctional alcohols are of particular importance in the context of the invention.
• the term fatty acid esters encompasses both the full esters and the partial esters.
• Surfactant-based aqueous preparations and, in particular, corresponding aqueous APG-based wetting aids are generally distinguished by the high foaming power of these non-ionic surfactants based on APG.
• this can represent a pronounced burden.
• foam brakes or defoamers Fatty alcohols, partial esters of in particular lower polyfunctional alcohols - e.g. Glycerin and fatty acids and especially their mixtures fulfill this task.
• they are the C suppliers desired according to the invention for stimulating and increasing the growth of microorganisms in the soil and are therefore optimal representatives for the components of (c) in the sense of the definition according to the invention.
• aqueous APG concentrates with defoamers / foam brakes based on alcohol and / or based on partial esters of fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols, especially special glycerin, but can lead to the formation of gels that are no longer flowable.
• defoamers / foam brakes based on alcohol and / or based on partial esters of fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols, especially special glycerin, but can lead to the formation of gels that are no longer flowable.
• By adding limited amounts of lower monofunctional and / or multifunctional alcohols, for example by adding limited amounts of ethanol to the gel-like thickened concentrate it is then possible to ensure the flowability and pourability again in the area of room temperature.
• mixture component (c) The valuable substances or mixtures of substances to be used in the specific individual case as mixture component (c) are thus determined in preferred embodiments not only by considerations for optimizing this component as a carbon supplier for the growth of microorganisms. Secondary effects such as low foam of the aqueous multicomponent mixture, homogenization of the lipophilic components together with wetting agents of the O / W type in the aqueous phase-containing multicomponent mixture and applicability in the sense of dilution with further water and subsequent application by pouring and / or spraying can be decisive.
• the aforementioned application P 19701127.6 deals in particular with these aspects. For the purpose of completing the disclosure of the invention, the subject matter of this application is hereby expressly made the subject of the present disclosure of the invention.
• the pour points are at least partially equal to / less than 25 to 30 ° C and in particular equal to / less than 10 to 15 ° C.
• Suitable components are, for example, olefinically unsaturated C - ⁇ - fatty alcohols of natural origin, in particular at least predominantly Ci6 / 18 _ fatty alcohols with a high degree of olefinic double bonds and solidification ranges equal to / less than 20 ° C, preferably equal to / less than 10 to 15 ° C.
• Preferred multicomponent mixtures for this constituent (c) in the sense of the definition according to the invention are mixtures of fatty alcohols with partial esters of saturated and in particular at least partially olefinically unsaturated fatty acids with polyfunctional alcohols with 2 to 6 C atoms and in particular 3 to 5 C atoms.
• glycerol partial esters of fatty acids of natural origin can be important mixture components for blending with corresponding fatty alcohols, with approximately equal amounts of fatty alcohol and fatty acid partial esters or corresponding substance mixtures with a multiple of the partial ester, based on the fatty alcohol, being preferred substance mixtures.
• Suitable mixtures of fatty alcohol to fatty acid partial glyceride are, for example, in the range from about 1: 1 to 1:10, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 5 and in particular from about 1: 1 to 1: 3 parts by weight.
• fatty acid partial esters can also be used alone as component (s) of (c) come.
• Corresponding representatives with pour points in the aforementioned areas are preferred.
• a further determining element for the new technical action which is essential in the sense of the invention - namely the minimum quantities of C suppliers for microorganism growth to be used in the context of the multi-component mixtures to be applied according to the invention as a whole - will be discussed in detail at a later point in time.
• the teaching according to the invention sees the quantity matching of the component (c) to the quantities of P and, if appropriate, further macro- and / or micronutrients entered by the mixture component to (d) as an essential element in front.
• the source of carbon (c) for the growth of microorganisms is used in such minimum amounts that - based on the phosphorus P introduced via the mixture component (d) - the weight ratio of C: P is at least in the range from about 5 to 10: 1 and preferably is at least about 20 to 25: 1.
• the weight ratio of C: P is at least in the range from about 5 to 10: 1 and preferably is at least about 20 to 25: 1.
• Important lower limit values are 40: 1 and preferably in the range of at least 50: 1.
• a much larger excess of the C supplier is generally still possible, so that C: P weight ratios of up to 500: 1 or even more are within the scope of the teaching according to the invention.
• the valuable substances used according to the invention for (c) with their lipophilic residues of the fat character and the aerobic as well as the anaerobic degradability are completely degradable to CO2, H2O and biomass. As a result, it is ensured that no inert or ecotoxicologically questionable degradation products accumulate in the soil when they are used.
• the components containing lipophilic residues to (c) migrate only slowly in the soil; they tend to attach to lipophilic or oleophilic surfaces and thus in particular to root surfaces. They are practically not washed out into the groundwater and are not toxic, so that their use is also harmless for this reason.
• the last-mentioned interaction between the lipophilic residues of the mixture components used according to the invention to (c) and further constituents of the substrate or the multicomponent mixture added according to the invention can be
• the teaching of the invention provides, in a preferred embodiment, to enter selected valuable substances or mixtures of valuable substances from the range of fertilizers which contain phosphorus and / or nitrogen in the substrate to be treated and / or on the aerial plant part, in particular the leaf.
• Components that carry these two elements can be preferred representatives of this class of substances.
• component (d) i.e. other macro- and / or micronutrients for plant growth containing carrier substances are used as proportionate components of component (d).
• this valuable component (s) to (d) can take place simultaneously and in connection with the entry of the valuable materials to (c) and the ecologically compatible wetting agents used for this to (b).
• oil-soluble compounds of P and / or N are used as component (d) which has at least some lipophilic residues.
• Particularly preferred representatives of these auxiliaries are therefore the phospholipids described in the publication DE 44 37 313 cited at the beginning and / or their derivatives as essential representatives of these components to (d).
• the subject matter of the disclosure of this DE 44 37 313 is hereby also expressly made the subject of the disclosure within the framework of the teaching according to the invention, so that essential aspects are only emphasized below in part.
• REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) populations instead, which - in exchange with the plant roots - lead to the sustainable strengthening and increase of plant growth. It is clear that this means that the acceleration of growth acts at least in its initial phases independently of the organic compounds present in the soil, such as plant or root residues and the like. Nevertheless, in the further course the composting process (mineralization) taking place in the soil is accelerated and dead plant material is returned to the biological cycle more quickly. Plant nutrients defined in the substrate become available again. The ventilation of the soil or the substrate on which the plants grow is improved, the water balance is made more uniform.
• Preferred components for material class (d) are esters of phosphoric acid with 1- and / or polyhydric alcohols, which have lipophilic residues in their molecular structure.
• Suitable phosphoric acid esters in this sense are accordingly partial esters of fatty alcohols, which enter the required lipophilic portion into the phosphoric acid ester molecule via the hydrocarbon residue of the fatty alcohol.
• Partial esters of phosphoric acid with straight-chain fatty alcohols can be particularly suitable here, preferably at least to a substantial extent using C 6 . 10 fatty alcohols and / or their lower ethoxylates have been prepared.
• the phosphoric acid esters of higher fatty alcohols with, for example, 12 to 24 carbon atoms are also suitable, with particular importance being attached to olefinically unsaturated fatty alcohol residues.
• Phospholipids and phospholipid derivatives are, however, particularly preferred phosphoric acid esters for the valuable subclass (d). As is well known, these are amphiphilic substances which are obtained from plant or animal cells. Preferred phospholipids in the sense of the teaching according to the invention are corresponding compounds of plant origin or phospholipid derivatives obtained therefrom. A particularly preferred representative of this class of substances for (a) are the glycerophospholipids, which are usually also referred to as lecithin. The sphingophospholipids are less preferred.
• diacylphospholipids phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinosoles, phosphatidylserines, phosphatidylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerol phosphates, diphosphatidylglycerol, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidic acid.
• Monoacylphospholipids, lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, lysophosphatidylinositols, lysophosphatidylserines, lysophosphatidylglycols are preferred.
• the phosphatidylglycerides which are commercially available as vegetable or animal lecithins and zephalins, are technically accessible and available in large quantities. These preparations are obtained, for example, from oils such as corn oil or cottonseed oil or soybean oil.
• Components according to the invention for subclass (a) can be enzymatically hydrolysed glycerophospholipids (enzymatically hydrolysed lecithin) which have a more hydrophilic character due to the elimination of a fatty acid ester.
• glycerophospholipids enzymatically hydrolysed lecithin
• the only exceptions are products that have lost their phosphoric acid residue due to the enzymatic hydrolysis.
• Preferred components for (d) are lecithin, lecithin hydrolyzates and / or chemically modified lecithins. These compounds can also be used in admixture with other N-containing components, but it is expedient to dispense with the use of such additional N components when applying the multicomponent mixture to the aerial part of the plant, in particular to the leaf.
• the components of (a), ie chitin and / or chitosans with an oligomer and / or polymer structure, are used in amounts of at least 0.01% by weight and preferably in amounts of at least 0.05% by weight. Quantities of at least 0.1 to 1% by weight, based in each case on the practically water-free mixture of valuable substances, are particularly preferred. The quantitative upper limit of this component is determined by a number of factors, as can be understood from the following considerations: If soluble and, in particular, water-soluble components are used for (a), chitosans with an oligomer and / or polymer structure are primarily used here .
• the molecular size, in particular of polymeric compounds, can influence the quantitative limit of this constituent in conjunction with the claim to flowable and pourable preparations.
• the situation is different if increased solubility in water is ensured by the previously indicated derivatization of the chitin and / or chitosan structure and / or by the formation of sufficiently low oligomer types even at higher concentrations. represents is.
• the considerations affected here include in particular the fact that the action of the components of (a) against pathogens can be ensured even at very low application concentrations. Accordingly, upper limits for the content of the mixture component (s) to (a) in the mixture of valuable substances are, for example, 15 to 25% by weight, but preferably at significantly lower values of, for example, 5 to 10% by weight.
• the surfactants for (b) from the class of the APG compounds of the O / W type are usually present in amounts of about 5 to 45% by weight, preferably in the range of about 10 to 40% by weight - again based on the anhydrous mixture of recyclable materials - used.
• a range of up to about 40% by weight preferably the range in amounts of 1 to 30% by weight, usually applies.
• the components used in preferred embodiments to (d) - i.e. the compounds of P and / or N - which have at least some lipophilic residues can make up up to 40% by weight and preferably 3 to 30% by weight in the multi-substance mixture.
• preferred amounts for the application or introduction of the mixtures of recyclable materials according to the invention are at lower limits of at least 0.1 to 0.2 g / m 2 and preferably at amounts of at least about 1 g / m 2 .
• Upper limits for this entry can be in the range from 40 to 60 g / m 2 , all of these numerical values in turn refer to the practically anhydrous components in a mixture or in the delayed entry.
• the aforementioned possibility of multiple entries of comparatively low concentrations of valuable substances or mixtures of suitable substances is suitable in appropriate quantitative ranges from approximately 0.5 to 10 g / m 2 and in particular in the quantitative range from approximately 1 to 5 g / m 2 .
• the teaching according to the invention provides for the use of the previously described valuable substances and mixtures of valuable substances in addition to the usual entry of crop protection agents in plant breeding.
• Usual auxiliaries from the areas of fungal diseases, bacterioses and / or viroses but also sucking pests on roots and / or above-ground parts of plants come into consideration here.
• reference can be made in detail to the specialist knowledge of the auxiliaries used according to current practice reference is made, for example, to the publication K.-U. Heyland, agricultural textbook “General crop production”, publisher Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1996, there in particular sub-chapter 8 "Pests and crop protection", op. Cit. Pages 251 to 356 and H. Börner "Plant diseases and plant protection", 5th edition, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1983, pages 136 to 154 and the literature cited there.
• the teaching according to the invention comprises, in a further embodiment, a modification of the technical teaching shown such that the use of the chitin and / or chitosan-based components with oligomer and / or polymer structure in accordance with.
• (a) is dispensed with, but now the use of the component to (d) - compounds of P and / or N containing at least some lipophilic residues - mandatory with the use of APG compounds of the O / W type - compounds to (b ) - and the components of (c), ie both aerobic and ana- erob degradable organic compounds with lipophilic hydrocarbon residues with a fat structure.
• a water-soluble chitosan polymer was used as the aqueous chitosan solution, which had been prepared by adding 1 g of chitosan polymer with 5 ml of 1 molar HCl to 100 ml of water with stirring at room temperature until the chitosan was dissolved.
• the aqueous active substance mixture specified here contains 65% by weight of valuable substances in the sense of the definition according to the invention in 35% by weight of water.
• the chitosan content of the active substance mixture is 0.31% by weight, based on the anhydrous mixture of valuable substances.
• Application rates of the multi-component mixture which correspond to an application amount of 1 g / m 2 when discharged onto the soil, show a clear inhibition of fungal growth in appropriately infected nutrient substrates in laboratory tests.
• the material mixture shown in this table contains 70% by weight of active ingredients mixed with 30% by weight of water.
• the chitosan content of the anhydrous material mixture is 0.19% by weight.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Ecology (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
• Fertilizers (AREA)
• Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
• Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7885635

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (13)

• 1998
  • 1998-10-26 DE DE19849253A patent/DE19849253A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-10-16 WO PCT/EP1999/007860 patent/WO2000024255A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-10-16 CN CN99812613A patent/CN1328418A/zh active Pending
  • 1999-10-16 JP JP2000577883A patent/JP2002528396A/ja active Pending
  • 1999-10-16 CA CA002348951A patent/CA2348951A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-10-16 BR BR9914802-1A patent/BR9914802A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-10-16 KR KR1020017005195A patent/KR20010080331A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-10-16 ID IDW00200101069A patent/ID29588A/id unknown
  • 1999-10-16 EP EP99953862A patent/EP1124420A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-10-16 AU AU10399/00A patent/AU1039900A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-10-21 CO CO99066456A patent/CO5231141A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-10-22 AR ARP990105344A patent/AR020940A1/es unknown
• 2001
  • 2001-04-25 ZA ZA200103385A patent/ZA200103385B/en unknown
• 2002
  • 2002-02-04 HK HK02100831.1A patent/HK1039438A1/zh unknown

Patent Citations (13)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events